161 |
Method and apparatus for treating animal waste and wastewater |
US11194829 |
2005-08-01 |
US20060060525A1 |
2006-03-23 |
Robert Hoffland |
Novel methods and apparatuses are disclosed for the treatment of wastewater to reduce, often associated, offensive odors. Irrigation of oxygenated liquid on top of a permeable cover effectively creates an aerobic treatment zone at the top of the lagoon whereby odorous gases being produced anaerobically below the cover are metabolized within this zone before being released to the atmosphere. This same system also serves to increase evaporation from the overall waste handling system therefore substantially reducing or eliminating the need for land application of treated wastewater. |
162 |
Flotation cell fluid level control apparatus |
US10234003 |
2002-09-03 |
US06935367B2 |
2005-08-30 |
Robert D. Cook; Jerry W. Hunt |
A fluid level control apparatus for selectively controlling the movement of liquid flowing out of a flotation cell is described. The fluid level control apparatus is significantly reduced in size in comparison with the flotation cell or cells to which it is connected which enables less expensive construction and reduced operating costs in terms of both the equipment and the plant as a whole. The fluid level control apparatus comprises a vessel having a valve positioned therein which includes a valve body structured with a curved surface which provides selective and finite control of fluid flowing through the vessel of the control apparatus. In one embodiment at least one of the inlet and outlet of the control apparatus exhibit a cross-sectional area taken transverse to the intended fluid flow therethrough having a substantially horizontal dimension which is greater than a substantially vertical dimension. |
163 |
Method and apparatus for improving froth flotation |
US10498877 |
2002-12-17 |
US20050121370A1 |
2005-06-09 |
Graeme Jameson; Emmanuel Viana; Zeljka Pokrajcic; Stephen Smith; Gregory Harbort |
An apparatus for supplying a reagent to a froth flotation cell. The flotation cell is fed by a flotation gas feed line. A predetermined volume is in fluid communication with said flotation gas feed line. The volume has a gas inlet on an upstream side, a gas outlet on a downstream side. An atomiser is positioned intermediate the inlet and outlet to atomise the reagent into the predetermined volume. The atomised reagent is then entrained with the flotation gas entering said cell. |
164 |
Methods and apparatus for increasing and extending oil production from underground formations nearly depleted of natural gas drive |
US10933802 |
2004-09-03 |
US20050084393A1 |
2005-04-21 |
Johnny Arnaud; B. Beard |
Methods and apparatus employing inert gases injected into the lower level of sloping underground oil-bearing formations as a driving mechanism and water injected into the upper level of the formations as a gas blocking mechanism for increasing and extending the production of oil from underground formations is described. Also described is an inert gas oil production system comprising an exhaust gas processing system, a well inert gas and water injection system, an oil production well system, and a fuel gas generator. A hydraulically operated crude oil pump is also described. |
165 |
Method and apparatus for preparation and deaeration of coating liquid |
US10378898 |
2003-03-05 |
US20040173093A1 |
2004-09-09 |
Yasuo
Takahashi |
First, the overall quantity of bubbles in a coating liquid is reduced in advance by vacuum deaeration performed in conjunction with preparation of the coating liquid in a stirring tank in a first step, then bubbles of relatively large sizes, of bubbles that have not been removed in the first step are removed by a tank type deaeration device in a floatation tank in a second step, and finally bubbles of very small to small sizes that are difficult to remove in the first and second steps are dissolved in the liquid under pressure and thereby removed in a pipeline in a third step. According to this, bubbles in the coating liquid can reliably be removed irrespective of the nature of the coating liquid, a large amount of coating liquid can be treated, and the possibility that the quality of the deaerated coating liquid is adversely affected is eliminated. |
166 |
Monitoring and control of a froth flotation plant |
US10130314 |
2002-07-08 |
US06778881B1 |
2004-08-17 |
Francois Eberhardt Du Plessis; Marc Van Olst |
The invention uses machine-vision to improve the performance of a flotation operation to provide a substitute for conventional human vision and problem-solving abilities. The invention redirects the conventional approach of “characterizing the froth” to “measuring the froth characteristic.” The invention provides a method of monitoring and controlling a mineral mixture flow in a froth flotation cell of a flotation plant which includes the steps of obtaining a series of digital images extracted of froth characteristics from a flotation cell. The digital images are transmitted to a computer for processing thereof into parameter signals of digital parameter froth characteristics. Control signals are produced in response to parameter signals received for causing required variations in froth characteristics in a flotation cell; and the froth characteristics in the flotation cell are controlled in response to the control signals so as to cause required variations in the froth characteristics in the cell. |
167 |
Arrangement for measuring concentrate flow in connection with a flotation cell |
US09980439 |
2002-01-31 |
US06763732B1 |
2004-07-20 |
Eljas Saastamoinen; Mikael Forss |
An arrangement for measuring material flow, particularly concentrate flow, in connection with a flotation cell. The arrangement comprises an elongate sensor element extending essentially over the whole transversal area of the material flow to be measured, and a measuring device for detecting the position of the sensor element. |
168 |
Method and apparatus for monitoring and analyzing the surface of floated material |
US09980515 |
2002-04-10 |
US06727990B1 |
2004-04-27 |
Antti Niemi |
At the separation of different minerals from the ores by means of flotation, it belongs to known art to monitor a larger part of the uppermost froth layer in the flotation cell by means of a video camera whose signals are analyzed in a digital computer, in order to detect the structure and color of the froth. The new method and apparatus direct and limit the monitoring and analysis to the surface of the floated material within a fixed, narrow strip which is parallel to the overflow edge of the cell and within which the material surface passing it is homogeneous in the stationary state. The said strip thus presents a renewing sample of the surface at the location in question, which sample represents the stationary state in the average sense. The strip is subjected to homogeneous illumination, which may meet the strip at different angles depending on the primary object, i.e. whether the color or structure is being determined. By means of a repeatedly reading semiconductor line array camera, the image of the strip is formed and converted to electric black/white or multicolor signals from which the structure or color quantities are determined in digital computer. The monitoring and analysis can be directed to both the surface of the froth layer and the surface of the froth slurry flowing down from the overflow edge. |
169 |
Process for aerating dispersions |
US10386787 |
2003-03-12 |
US20030155084A1 |
2003-08-21 |
Bernhard
Scherzinger; Helmuth
Gabl |
A device and process for aerating dispersions, particularly for flotation of pulp suspensions, in a de-inking process where the pulp suspension containing dirt particles is sprayed into a tank together with air. The air is injected at a minimum of two successive points and mixed with the suspension. |
170 |
Air-assisted density separator device and method |
US09276212 |
1999-03-25 |
US06425485B1 |
2002-07-30 |
Michael J. Mankosa; Gerald H. Luttrell |
A process is described for separating particles based on differences in mass after the selective attachment of air bubbles to reduce the density of one or more of the components of the feed. A novel feature of this process is aeration of a hindered-bed of solids in a fluidized-bed separator to create particle/bubble agglomerates that can be separated based on the principal of gravity. This approach offers an improvement in process efficiency that cannot be achieved by other processes. Air and water are mixed in a shear device before the aerated fluidized water is introduced to the separation chamber. |
171 |
Process and device for aerating dispersions |
US09776123 |
2001-02-02 |
US20010025808A1 |
2001-10-04 |
Bernhard
Scherzinger; Helmuth
Gabl |
A device and process for aerating dispersions, particularly for flotation of pulp suspensions, in a de-inking process where the pulp suspension containing dirt particles is sprayed into a tank together with air. The air is injected at a minimum of two successive points and mixed with the suspension. |
172 |
Process and apparatus for removing solids from an aqueous paper fiber suspension |
US09497161 |
2000-02-03 |
US06279749B1 |
2001-08-28 |
Axel Gommel; Martin Kemper; Almut Kriebel |
Process and apparatus for removing solids from an aqueous fiber suspension in a flotation container that includes a drainage section. The process includes adding gas bubbles to the fiber suspension entering the flotation container, and collecting a flotation foam formed within the flotation container. The flotation foam includes the solids to be removed. The process also includes laterally moving the flotation foam in the drainage section, such that at least a portion of fluid within the flotation foam is drained from the flotation foam, collecting the drained fluid in the drainage section, discharging the drained fluid from the drainage section, discharging the flotation foam as a rejects material, and discharging a purified fiber suspension as an accepted stock suspension. The apparatus includes a flotation container, and a drainage section coupled to the flotation container. The drainage section is arranged to drain at least a portion of fluid from a flotation foam. The apparatus also includes a rejects outlet coupled to the drainage section, an accepts outlet coupled to the flotation container, and a fluid collector coupled to the drainage section for collecting the fluid drained from the flotation foam. |
173 |
Process for treating a fibrous material suspension using combination of low-intensity and high-intensity flotation |
US09110017 |
1998-07-02 |
US06183595B2 |
2001-02-06 |
Herbert Britz; Herbert Holik; Martin Kemper; Thomas Martin; Anton Selbherr; Harald Selder |
The process targets the removal of interfering materials from an aqueous fibrous material suspension, especially if this is produced from recycled paper. Thereby interfering materials, such as printing ink particles, small synthetic particles, or sticky contamination, are eliminated by flotation in a particularly advantageous manner. In accordance with the invention, the combination of low-intensity and high-intensity flotation is undertaken, whereby the low-intensity flotation generally works in the gravitational field and the high-intensity flotation in a centrifugal field. |
174 |
Method and apparatus for aeration of liquids or slurries |
US208551 |
1998-12-09 |
US6092667A |
2000-07-25 |
Arno Steinmuller; Michael Hugh Moys; Andre Nardus Terblanche |
A method of aerating a liquid comprising the steps of providing a column, introducing liquid under pressure into an upper zone of the column in the form of a jet of liquid directed in a path, permitting gas to be entrained by the jet of liquid, obstructing the path of the jet of liquid to form a zone of turbulence in which bubbles are formed in the liquid to create a foam or froth bed in the column, and removing the foam or froth. |
175 |
Air contactor with foam separation vessel system |
US539242 |
1995-10-04 |
US5662790A |
1997-09-02 |
Keith A. Carlton; Scott M. Clum; Joseph R. Phillips; Todd A. Salvato |
A deinking system for use with recycled paper pulp includes a number of gas sparged hydrocyclones mounted around the outer periphery of a foam separation vessel, with the slurry outlet from each hydrocyclone introducing slurry into the vessel below the level of liquid in the vessel, and above the accepts outlet from the bottom of the vessel. An annular trough is provided adjacent the top and outer periphery of the vessel, and has a bottom sloping to one or more drain outlets. The hydrocyclone discharge conduits into the vessel are tangential to cause bubble-releasing swirling of the slurry in the vessel. The cyclone preferably is pedestal-less, and has a single gas inlet, and a deflector within the annular air jacket of the hydrocyclone. At least one substantially conical substantially uniform back pressure generator may be disposed in the hydrocyclone slurry outlet, a foam conveyance and breaking device may be associated with the drain outlet from the trough, and a foam and rejects handling tank connected to the foam conveyance and breaking device and including a substantially spiral downwardly extending feed ramp may also be provided. |
176 |
Electric enhancement of adsorbent flotation separation |
US254840 |
1994-06-06 |
US5480558A |
1996-01-02 |
Youssef El-Shoubary; Donald E. Woodmansee |
An adsorbent electrode assembly electrically enhances contaminant removal in soil washing processes. The adsorbent electrode assembly is immersed in the froth of a flotation cell and connected to one pole of a battery. The other pole of the battery is connected to the flotation cell tank. The resulting electric charge (either positive or negative depending on the nature of the contaminant) applied to the adsorbent electrode assembly attracts contaminants in the froth to the adsorbent electrode assembly which adsorbs them. The adsorbent electrode assembly is then easily removed from the cell for replacement or regeneration. The adsorbent electrode assembly can comprise one or more carbon rods, a carbon screen, or a porous bag filled with an adsorbent material and having an electrode disposed therein. |
177 |
Apparatus for dissolved air floatation and similar gas-liquid contacting
operations |
US036665 |
1993-03-24 |
US5382358A |
1995-01-17 |
George C. Yeh |
An apparatus for dissolved air floatation (DAF) and for gas-liquid contacting operations by dissolved air floatation. A number of involute flow channels in a container have inlets and outlets positioned at either end for involutional or evolutional flow of a mixture of liquid and dissolved gas. Liquid turbulence and mixing are prevented in order to achieve a near plug-flow condition for maximum separation. Other uses of the method and apparatus include hydraulic flocculation of suspended matters in a liquid, separation of non-floatable suspended matters, oxidation of dissolved organic matter, activated sludge processes, purification of water using a biocide, separation by absorption of gases, stripping by desorption of dissolved gases, and gas-liquid reactions. |
178 |
Process for producing refined sugar from raw juices |
US787591 |
1991-11-04 |
US5281279A |
1994-01-25 |
Enrique G. Gil; Helene P. Wright |
A process for producing refined sugar directly from plants of cane or beet raw juices which bypasses the traditional manufacturing of an intermediate product called "raw sugar". After treatment of the sugar juice with a flocculant, the juice has pressurized air dissolved in it, followed by rapid lowering of the pressure to ambient in a dissolved air flotation cell to separate impurities by aeration. Further amounts of flocculant are added, and the juice is passed through a serpentine flocculator comprising a pipe containing a plurality of relatively straight section interrupted by sharp bends to expose the juice sequentially to different turbulent regimes defined by different ranges of Reynolds numbers to form flocs containing undissolved solids. Flocs and other undissolved solids are separated from the juice by flotation and settling. The sugar juice or liquor is partially evaporated to a concentration between about 45.degree. and 50.degree. Brix to form a syrup, after which the syrup is again contacted with a flocculant. Following further treatment in the serpentine flocculator and dissolved air flotation cell, the remaining syrup is passed through filters such as silica sand, activated carbon and diatomaceous earth. The filtered syrup is contacted with ion exchange resins to decolorize and deash the syrup, and then it is evaporated to a concentration of 62.degree.-64.degree. Brix. Thereafter sugar is crystallized from the syrup.The apparatus for separating undissolved impurities by flotation and settling passes sugar liquor between an assembly of closely spaced plates having corrugations in a direction perpendicular to the direction of flow of the liquor. The plates are disposed at an angle so that settled impurities may slide to the bottom of the assembly. |
179 |
Apparatus and method for controlling the flow of foam at low flow rates |
US123569 |
1987-11-16 |
US4830737A |
1989-05-16 |
Howard W. Cole, Jr. |
Apparatus for controlling the flow of a foam uses a bellow enclosed in a housing. The bellows is filled with foam under pressure from a foam generator and expands a preselected amount at which point the flow of foam into the bellows is interrupted. Simultaneously with the interrupting of the flow of foam into the bellows, air under pressure is routed into the housing which causes the bellows to collapse forcing the foam out of the bellows. The apparatus is particularly useful in the froth flotation (benefication) of minerals. |
180 |
Fiber optic detector for flotation cell processing |
US117263 |
1987-11-06 |
US4797550A |
1989-01-10 |
Michael G. Nelson; Hayward B. Oblad |
An apparatus for determining the reflectivity of the tailings from a coal flotation cell to optimize the cell operation. A bifurcated fiber optic cable has ends connected to a light source and a photoconductor, with a scanner end of the cable being submersed in a coal slurry. Light transmitted to the scanner end of the cable is backscattered to the photoconductor to function as a detector to determine the coal content of the tailings and through a process controller, frother and collector addition to the cell is monitored. An ultrasonic energy vibration is periodically transmitted to the scanner end of the cable to remove deposits thereon to optimize detector operation. |