子分类：
| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 201 | Method of treating spent potliner material from aluminum reduction cells | US569271 | 1995-12-08 | US5723097A | 1998-03-03 | Robert J. Barnett; Michael B. Mezner |
| A method of treating spent potliner material from aluminum reduction cells is disclosed. The spent potliner material is introduced into a sulfuric acid digester to produce a gas component including hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen cyanide and a slurry component including carbon, silica, alumina, sodium sulfate, iron, calcium and magnesium. The gas component is recovered and heated an effective amount to eliminate hydrogen cyanide and produce a remaining gas component including CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O, nitrogen oxides and HF. The remaining gas component is directed through a water scrubber to form hydrofluoric acid, and the hydrofluoric acid is admixed with aluminum hydroxide to create aluminum fluoride. The slurry component is rinsed with water to separate a first solid fraction containing carbon, alumina and silica from a second liquid faction. The pH of the liquid fraction is adjusted to first create and separate aluminum hydroxide and then to separate sodium sulfate. Finally, the solid fraction is admixed with an alumina/silica mix and then subjected to an elevated temperature in an oxygen-rich atmosphere to oxidize the carbon and vitrify the alumina and silica into refractory material. | ||||||
| 202 | Method and plant for manufacturing cement clinker | US535285 | 1995-10-19 | US5614016A | 1997-03-25 | S.o slashed.ren Hundeb.o slashed.l |
| A method and plant for burning sludge or filter cakes during the cement clinker manufacture where the cement is manufactured in known manner by the cement raw meal being preheated, calcined and burned into clinker with subsequent cooling of the clinker and where the sludge is dried and finely divided prior to burning. The drying heat is provided by feeding hot raw meal from either the preheater or a separating cyclone installed in connection with the calciner to the drier unit, which may be a drier crusher. Applicable types of sludge include sewage sludge, beaching earth, paper sludge, fibre rejects, combustible chemical residues, e.g. waste derived from the manufacture of nylons and pesticides, and drill sludge resulting from oil exploration. | ||||||
| 203 | Method for fixing blast/cleaning waste | US148587 | 1993-11-04 | US5439527A | 1995-08-08 | D. J. Rapp; Redmond R. Clark; Michael McGrew |
| A method for blast cleaning metal and fixing the hazardous waste generated by blast cleaning. An abrasive cement in a sufficient amount is combined with the blast cleaning process, thereby reducing the leachability of the heavy metals and producing non-hazardous abrasive waste. | ||||||
| 204 | Method of disposing of earth contaminated by petroleum products | US108032 | 1993-08-17 | US5372460A | 1994-12-13 | Paul A. Ruehl |
| Process for disposing of clay, shale or sand containing earth contaminated with petroleum products from a variety of remediation sites is disclosed. The surrounding contaminated earth to be remediated is first excavated. Then, any clay or shale which is present is separated from the other materials and transported to a site of a cement plant. The non-clay or non-shale material is disposed of in a non-hazardous landfill. At the cement plant, the clay or shale is mixed with other cement precursor raw materials and the mixture is ground to form a cement feed mix. The feed mix is introduced into a rotary cement kiln causing any remaining petroleum product contained therein to be volatilized and burned within the kiln as the cement clinker is formed. The clinker is then ground for the purpose of forming cement free of petroleum product. | ||||||
| 205 | Method of disposing of earth contaminated by leaking underground storage tanks | US852316 | 1992-03-18 | US5236283A | 1993-08-17 | Paul A. Ruehl |
| Process for disposing of clay, shale or sand containing earth contaminated with petroleum products from leaking underground storage tanks (LUST) as disclosed. The LUST and surrounding contaminated earth is excavated. The clay or shale is separated from the other materials and transported to a site of a cement plant. The non-clay or non-shale material is disposed of in a non-hazardous landfill. The clay or shale is mixed with other cement precursor raw materials and the mixture is ground to form a cement feed mix. The feed mix is introduced into a rotary cement kiln causing any remaining petroleum product contained therein to be volatilized and burned within the kiln as the cement clinker is formed. The clinker is then ground for the purpose of forming cement free of petroleum product. | ||||||
| 206 | Water retardant covering material for solid waste landfills | US551186 | 1990-07-11 | US5054406A | 1991-10-08 | Wendell Judd |
| The present invention describes a water retardant material produced by a mixture of earthen clay and 15% to 25% by weight of recycled paper pulp sludge. Paper pulp sludge is incinerated in a rotary kiln, typically a rotary cement kiln asphalt dryer, or fluidized bed incinerator. Paper pulp sludge is fed continuously into said rotary kiln while temperature are maintained in the range of approximately 800.degree. to 3500.degree. F. During incineration, mixing catalysts (typically casein or soy protein) and wood pulp fibers are burned while moisture is evaporated. The resulting incinerated product consists essentially of carbonate particles which are collected for subsequent use. Use of this material as a water retardant covering for landfills is described. | ||||||
| 207 | Method and apparatus for recycling paper pulp sludge | US471971 | 1989-10-27 | US5018459A | 1991-05-28 | Wendell Judd |
| This invention provides a method and apparatus for recycling paper pulp sludge. Paper pulp sludge is incinerated in a rotary kiln, typically a rotary cement kiln, asphalt dryer, or fluidized bed incinerator. Paper pulp sludge is fed continuously into said rotary kiln while temperatures are maintained in the range of approximately 800.degree. to 3500.degree. F. During incineration, mixing catalysts (typicaly casein or soy protein) and wood pulp fibers are burned, while moisture is evaporated. The resulting incinerated product consists essentially of carbonate particles which are collected for subsequent use. Typically, but not exclusively, later use of the resulting product could be as mineral filler binding agents in the manufacture of construction products such as concrete, asphalt and others; or in gravel-based construction operations; or in earthen-fill constructions operations; or in other ways. | ||||||
| 208 | Process and apparatus for treating solid refuse | US511398 | 1990-04-18 | US5012751A | 1991-05-07 | William M. Kirlin |
| A method and furnace assembly for treating solid refuse. The refuse comprises both recoverable materials useful either in cement or in construction and contaminants. The contaminants have a vaporization temperature lower than the vaporization or sublimation temperatures of the recoverable materials. The furnace assembly comprises a resource recovery furnace connected to a cement manufacturing furnace. According to the method, the refuse is transferred through a resource recovery furnace. Inside the resource recovery furnace the refuse is separated into vaporized contaminants and recoverable materials. Gas carrying the vaporized contaminants is transferred to the cement manufacturing furnace and used as an energy source. The recoverable materials are used in the cement manufacturing furnace as a constituent for making cement. | ||||||
| 209 | Method of producing a solid secondary raw material containing calcium sulfate | US539772 | 1990-06-18 | US4997486A | 1991-03-05 | Friedrich Bolsing |
| A method of producing a solid secondary raw material that contains calcium sulfate, comprising mixing a waste hydrocarbon with at least one of a waste sulfuric acid and acid waste sulfuric-acid derivative, and combining the mixture with enough powered limestone or fly ash containing calcium carbonate to ensure that the reaction product will solidify by itself, and with at least enough water to ensure the hydration of the formed calcium sulfate. The product is useful in making Portland cement clinker, or in furnace as a fuel and/or a desulfurization additive. | ||||||
| 210 | Method of cofiring hazardous waste in industrial rotary kilns | US307631 | 1989-02-07 | US4984983A | 1991-01-15 | Torben Enkegaard |
| A method and apparatus of cofiring hazardous organic waste in solid, pasty, greasy or sludge form by introducing it directly into the burning zone of an industrial rotary kiln and burning the waste in the burning zone simultaneously with cement, lime or lightweight aggregate. Specifically disclosed are five exemplary embodiments for introducing the waste directly into the burning zone of the kiln, i.e., (1) through a side opening in the kiln, (2) ballistically, (3) by pre-mixing with a powder or granular material and pneumatically injecting the non-sticky mixture, (4) by shredding steel drums containing the waste and thereafter separating the drum fragments and mixing the remaining waste with powder or granular material (i.e. as in (3) and (5) by pregasification of the waste. | ||||||
| 211 | Working up sodium sulfate-containing residues | US400528 | 1989-08-30 | US4971781A | 1990-11-20 | Hermann Meyer; Rainer Roemer; Gerhard Pforr |
| Sodium sulfate-containing residues are worked up by reducing the sulfate by a process in which the sulfate or a mixture or solution of the sulfate is thermally cleaved by adding oxygen, air or oxygen-enriched air at above 1000.degree. C., in particular above 1200.degree. C., under reducing conditions to give gaseous sulfides and oxides of sulfur as well as alkaline slag. The sulfur compounds contained in the gaseous reaction products can be further processed to sulfur, sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid. | ||||||
| 212 | US2649279 | 1979-04-03 | US4226630B1 | 1986-06-24 | ||
| 213 | Process for a disposal of waste solutions | US728284 | 1985-04-29 | US4571175A | 1986-02-18 | Hugh A. Bogle; Charles E. Buchanan |
| A method of disposing of aqueous waste in which the aqueous waste is mixed with cement raw materials to form a slurry for the preparation of Portland cement or the like, for example in a rotary kiln. Prior to forming the slurry, the aqueous waste is treated to remove volatiles and other pollutants which vaporize when heated to a temperature below the boiling point of water. Such volatile materials are removed by contacting the aqueous waste with the effluent exhaust gases from the kiln itself and with the effluent air from the clinker cooler with suitable controls to avoid loss of the water component of the aqueous waste through boiling. The treated aqueous waste is then embodied in the slurry fed to the kiln and the pollutants in the water which can be combusted by the high temperature in the kiln are destroyed. The gaseous effluent which is cooled by contact with the aqueous waste may be discharged or further treated to recover the volatiles and other components which may be salvaged. | ||||||
| 214 | Method of making a building material | US526910 | 1983-08-26 | US4501618A | 1985-02-26 | Georg R. U. Gebhard; Klaus R. G. Hein |
| A building material consists essentially of an aqueous slurry of a dry residue obtained by treating a flue gas containing fly ash from a fossil fuel combustion chamber with a finely divided absorbent consisting at least primarily of calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate to permit reaction between the absorbent and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas, and dry separation of the reacted absorbent from the residual flue gas. | ||||||
| 215 | Process for converting coal to gaseous fuel with production of Portland cement as a by-product | US338611 | 1982-01-11 | US4396432A | 1983-08-02 | William Rostoker |
| Continuous process for converting coal to gaseous fuel with production of Portland cement as a by-product comprises the step of pelletizing a mixture of finely divided coal and limestone, heating (coking) the pellets in a reducing gas atmosphere to liberate volatile fuel products, and converting a substantial proportion of the residual carbon in the pellets to CO and hydrogen by the water-gas reaction, the inorganic constituents of the coal being simultaneously converted to Portland cement clinkers. | ||||||
| 216 | Process for the production of nickel, high-purity magnesium oxide and cement | US347197 | 1982-02-09 | US4376653A | 1983-03-15 | Nicholas P. Wynn; Michal Zabelka |
| Sulphuric acid leaching is applied to recover nickel from a nickel-containing oxidic raw material which also contains magnesium and iron. High-purity magnesium oxide and cement are produced at the same time.The heavy metals are separated by an organic metal extraction agent; nickel, cobalt and manganese are stripped therefrom by a mineral acid, and the nickel is recovered. Copper, zinc and iron are obtained by further stripping with sulphuric acid.Carbon dioxide and ammonia are added to the aqueous solution obtained from the heavy metal separation stage to precipitate magnesium carbonate or hydroxide carbonate and an ammonium sulphate solution is formed. The precipitation product is separated and calcined to form magnesium oxide. Gypsum is formed from the ammonium sulphate solution and is fired to form cement clinker.The resulting sulphur dioxide containing gas is processed in a sulphuric acid plant and used in the raw material leaching stage. | ||||||
| 217 | Method for treating water containing wastes | US147381 | 1980-05-07 | US4295972A | 1981-10-20 | Takeji Kamei |
| A method for treating a water containing waste such as industrial sludges and animal excrements. The method comprises a first step of mixing the waste with an alkaline earth metal oxide such as calcium oxide to obtain a preliminarily dried mixture and a second step of further drying and granulation of the mixture. Fuel consumption is saved by utilization of the exothermic reaction of an alkaline earth metal oxide with water contained in the waste. The waste may be converted by the method to usable products such as fertilizers, cement materials or cement additives. | ||||||
| 218 | Process for utilizing mineral-containing residue from coal liquefaction processes | US73469 | 1979-09-07 | US4249951A | 1981-02-10 | Robert E. Leonard |
| A process for utilizing mineral-containing residue from coal liquefaction processes to produce a hydraulic cement. The residue is mixed with siliceous and calcareous matereals and compacted. The compacted solids are introduced into a kiln and fired to produce hydraulic cement clinker. The primary fuel for the clinker production is contained in the residue. The clinker is removed from the kiln and ground to produce cement. | ||||||
| 219 | Processes for the recovery of alumina from fly ash and production of cement constituents | US132666 | 1980-03-21 | US4242313A | 1980-12-30 | Arpad E. Torma |
| Processes for the production of alumina and cement constituents from fly ash, in which the fly ash is subjected to magnetic separation removing magnetic constituents; the remaining non-magnetic fraction of fly ash is then mixed with a calcining agent and water, pelletized, dried and calcined, cooled, and then either acid cured or subjected to a hydrothermic shock treatment in sulfuric acid; the mixture is then diluted with water, filtrated, purified by a solvent extraction process, and evaporated yielding aluminum sulfate, which is then subjected to liquid-solid separation and decomposed at an increased temperature at which the sulfur in the form of sulfur oxide gases and the water vapor is driven off, alumina remains. The leach residue of the alumina extraction yields useful material for cement production. | ||||||
| 220 | Raw mix for the production of portland cement clinker | US34652 | 1979-04-30 | US4224077A | 1980-09-23 | Vladimir P. Olifer; Sergei P. Berezkin; Pavel N. Galkin; Anatoly I. Ternovoi; Alexandr A. Rogatkin; Nikolai I. Stovba; Lev P. Feofanov; Leonid P. Khlopkov; Anna I. Tryastsina; Lidia I. Lekalova; Larisa A. Telina; Vera I. Mikheeva |
| A raw mix for the production of portland cement mix consists of a lime component, a clay component, an iron-containing component, and a modifying additive comprising hydrolysis and yeast production waste liquors and products of neutralization of chlorine-containing off-gas from titanium and magnesium production, with the following proportioning of the components (% by weight):______________________________________ lime component 50-52 clay component 7.5-10 iron-containing component 1-1.5 hydrolysis and yeast production waste liquors 30-38 products of neutralization of chlorine- containing off-gas from titanium and magnesium production 1-9. ______________________________________ The raw mix according to the invention exhibits improved physico-chemical and mechanical properties. Fluidity of the mix is from 58 to 60 mm, the degree of decarbonization is as high as 18%. Clinker prepared from the mix according to the invention has a strength of from 550 to 560 kgf/cm.sup.2, and the roasting temperature is 80.degree.-140.degree. C. lower. | ||||||
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