L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à la protection et/ou au traitement d'une surface artificielle de préférence d'origine minérale, grâce à un revêtement de surface.

Ce revêtement de surface est réalisé in situ sur la surface artificielle en plaçant celle-ci au contact de microorganismes minéralisa­teurs.

Application à l'industrie du bâtiment et des matériaux de construction.

A rigid, self-supporting, acoustical mineral fiberboard and method of manufacturing same comprising a mixture of about 50 to 70 weight percent of mineral fibers, 15 to 35 weight percent of perlite, 1 to 10 weight percent of cellulosic fibers, and 4 to 15 weight percent of a binder.

Die akustische Dämmplatte enthält granulierte Mineralwolle und Füll- sowie Bindemittel. Das Bindemittel ist ein Tensid-freies, Polyvinylalkohol-stabilisiertes Polymer, dem ein Thixotropiermittel sowie Phenolformaldehydharz beigemischt sind.

In dem noch weichem Material einer solchen Platte lässt sich ein dreidimensionales Muster scharf ausbilden, wobei die glatte Oberfläche der aus dieser Masse hergestellten Platte sich ohne weiteres nass reinigen lässt.

An hydronium polycrystalline superionic conductor, having the formula (H₃O⁺, Na⁺)5(Re)Si₄O₁₂, where Re = Y or Gd, is produced from precursor material being Na₅YSi₄O₁₂ or Na₅GdSi₄O₁₂. In order to accomplish the aforesaid a range of intermediate ceramics may be produced replacing part of the precursor ceramic sodium by ions of elements in 1A group of the Periodic Table that have an atomic weight above 32 and preferably ions of potassium, cesium, or mixtures of potassium and cesium.

To produce the superionic hydronium polycrystalline ceramic conductor and the intermediate ceramic from the feed ceramics aforesaid, the feed ceramic is placed in a chloride melt wherein part of the sodium in the feed ceramic lattice is replaced by an appropriate cation from the melt such as potassium and cesium. Subsequently, a field assisted ionic exchange takes place to now replace the interceded potassium and cesium ions with the hydronium (H₃0⁺) ion, whereby the aforesaid hydronium, superionic, solid polycrystalline ceramic conductor is achieved.

A method of converting a feed solid polycrystalline of alumina into a hydronium conductor requires the preselection of an appropriate feed ceramic preferably with a chemical forumula; and with a t(S) of 0.37 ± 0.03 wherein

The crystallographic lattice is altered by placing the solid feed ceramic in an ionic solution or melt containing two or more ionic species of different ionic radii; the composition of the melt or solution being written: M,, M₂ (M₃...) X where M, and M₂ (and M₃ etc.) are ions of dissimilar size and as examples sodium, potassium, lithium and hydronium ions. After a time the material is removed, washed and subjected to a field effect exchange whereby the desired hydronium conducting solid ceramic having the following chemical composition is achieved; where (a) (b) (c) = 0→I and a + b + c = I and Z is a stabilizer of the β" phase.

Provided is a sliding member having slidability and abrasion resistance both at satisfactory levels. This sliding member has a sliding surface including a base and a filling part. The base includes a first material and bears regularly arranged concavities. The filling part includes a second material and is arranged in the sliding surface to fill the concavities. The first material includes one selected from the group consisting of a metallic material, a ceramic material, and a carbonaceous material. The second material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a metallic material, a ceramic material, and a carbonaceous material. The first and second materials differ from each other in at least one of frictional coefficient and hardness. The base and the filling part are substantially flush with each other in the sliding surface.

A substrate for an LED light emitting element having a small difference of linear thermal expansion coefficient with the III-V semiconductor crystal constituting an LED, having an excellent thermal conductivity and suitable for high output LEDs. A porous body comprises one or more materials selected from silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, diamond, graphite, yttrium oxide, and magnesium oxide and has a porosity that is 10 to 50 volume % and a three-point bending strength that is 50 MPa or more. The porous body is infiltrated, by means of liquid metal forging, with aluminum alloy or pure aluminum at an infiltration pressure of 30 MPa or more, cut and/or ground to a thickness of 0.05 to 0.5 mm and to a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.01 to 0.5 µm, then is formed with a metal layer comprising one or more elements selected from Ni, Co, Pd, Cu, Ag, Au, Pt and Sn on its surface to a thickness of 0.5 to 15 µm, so as to thereby produce the composite substrate for the LED light emitting element.