Octave jumper for musical instruments
阅读：906发布：2021-01-20
专利汇可以提供Octave jumper for musical instruments专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且A bass or other guitar has a transducer for each of its strings, and each transducer is connected to an octave jumping circuit which lowers the musical tone produced by the individual string, all without loss of either harmonics or amplitude variations. The wave form of the fundamental frequency of each musical tone is squared, divided by two and then amplitude modulated to follow the amplitude envelope of the original tone. The modulated square wave contains only odd harmonics of the lowered frequency fundamental. The missing even harmonics are restored by combining with the modulated square wave the original tone containing all of its harmonics.，下面是Octave jumper for musical instruments专利的具体信息内容。
1. Apparatus for lowering by one octave the frequency of an input signal having fundamental and harmonic frequencies, said apparatus comprising: first means responsive to said input signal for generating a first signal component having a fundamental frequency one octave lower than that of said input signal, and also having odd harmonics of said lower fundamental, means for amplitude modulating said first signal component in accordance with amplitude variations of said input signal, and second means responsive to said input signal for combining with said modulated first signal component a second signal component having even harmonics of said lower fundamental.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said second signal includes: an amplitude modulation envelope in accordance with amplitude variation of said input signal.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said lower fundamental frequency is one-half the fundamental frequency of said input signal, and wherein said amplitude modulation means are such that the relative amplitudes of the odd harmonics of said first signal component and of the even harmonics of said second signal component are substantially the same as the relative amplitudes of corresponding harmonics of said input signal.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first means includes: a frequency divider, and wherein said second means comprises a summing network having a first input from said input signal and a second input from said divider.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said means for amplitude modulating comprises: a variable impedance device connected to attenuate said first signal component, and means for varying the impedance of said device in accordance with the amplitude envelope of said input signal.
6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said amplitude modulating means comprises: a diode connected to receive said first signal component from said divider, and means for biasing the diode in accordance with amplitude variation of said input signal.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first means comprises: a low pass filter responsive to said input signal, a squaring circuit responsive to said filter, and a divide by two circuit responsive to said squaring circuit, and wherein said amplitude modulating means comprises: a clipping diode connected with the output of said divide by two circuit, and means for biasing the diode in accordance with amplitude variation of said input signal.
8. The method of generating a lower octave signal from an input signal of a higher octave comprising the steps of: squaring said input signal, halving the frequency of the fundamental of said squared input signal, amplitude modulating the resulting half frequency signal to make the amplitude of said half frequency signal correspond to the amplitude of said input signal, and combining said input signal with said modulated half frequency signal.
9. The method of lowering a varying amplitude tone by an octave comprising the steps of: converting the fundamental of said tone into a square wave having the same frequency as said fundamental, dividing said square wave fundamental by two to obtain a square wave signal one octave lower than said fundamental, amplitude modulating said square wave signal in accordance with the amplitude envelope of said tone, and combining said tone and all of its harmonics with said lower octave modulated square wave signal.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein said amplitude modulating step comprises: biasing a diode in accordance with said envelope, and causing said diode to attenuate said square wave signal.
11. Apparatus for lowering by one octave a musical tone produced by a tone generator, said apparatus comprising: a low pass filter responsive to said tone generator, a squaring circuit responsive to the filter, a divide by two circuit responsive to the squaring circuit, an amplitude modulator responsive to said divide by two circuit, said modulator having a controlling input from said tone generator, and a summing network having inputs from said tone generator and from said modulator.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said modulator comprises a diode.
13. A circuit for musical instruments, comprising: means for receiving from a musical instrument a first varying amplitude tone signal of a fundamental frequency f and harmonics thereof, and octave jumping means responsive to said tone signal for producing a second tone signal of a fundamental frequency f/2 and harmonics thereof, said second tone signal having an amplitude that varies in accordance with the amplitude variation of said first tone signal, said octave jumping means comprising: means responsive to said first tone signal for generating a square wave signal at said frequency f/2, means for amplitude modulating said square wave signal in accordance with the amplitude envelope of said first tone signal, and means for combining said first tone signal wIth the amplitude modulated square wave signal.
14. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means for generating a square wave signal comprises a divide by two circuit, said means for amplitude modulating said square wave signal comprising: first and second resistors series connected in the output of the divide by two circuit, a rectifier having an input from said first tone signal, a filter having an input from said rectifier, and a diode having one side thereof connected to the junction of said first and second resistors and the other side thereof connected to the output of said filter, said means for combining comprising: a resistive summing network having a first input resistor connected to receive said first tone signal, said second resistor comprising a second input resistor of said summing network.
15. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means responsive to said first tone signal comprises a binary dividing circuit, said means for amplitude modulating said square wave signal comprising: first and second diodes, said first diode having one side thereof connected to the output of said binary dividing circuit and the other side thereof connected to a first side of the second diode, a resistor connected between the junction of said diodes and ground, a rectifier having an input from said first tone signal, a filter having an input from said rectifier, and a resistor connecting the output of said filter to the other side of said second diode, said means for combining comprising: a resistive summing network having a first input from said first tone signal and a second input from the other side of said second diode.
16. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said circuit is combined with a musical instrument comprising: an instrument body, a bridge on said body, a string having one end thereof extended over said bridge, and a transducer carried by said body closely adjacent said bridge for providing to said circuit said first varying amplitude tone signal.
17. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said circuit is combined with a musical instrument comprising: a vibratile member, and a transducer responsive to motion of said member for producing said first tone signal as an electrical output thereof.
18. The apparatus of claim 17 including a bridge, and wherein said vibratile member is a string having an end portion supported on the bridge, said transducer being mounted for response to motion of said string at a point closely adjacent said bridge.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein said transducer is mounted directly to said bridge between the bridge and said string end portion.
20. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means for generating a square wave comprises: a low pass filter having as an input said first tone signal, a squaring circuit having an input from said filter, and a binary divider having an input from said squaring circuit.
21. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein said means for amplitude modulating comprises: means responsive to the first tone signal for generating a modulating signal indicative of the amplitude envelope of said first tone signal, a diode connected with the output of said square wave signal generating means, and means for biasing the diode in accordance with said modulating signal.
22. The apparatus of claim 21 wherein said circuit is combined with a musical instrument comprising: a string, and a pickup responsive to motion of the string for producing said first tone signal as an electrical output.
23. The apparatus of claim 22 including a bridge, and wherein said string has an end portion supported on said bridge, and wherein said pickup is mounted closely adjacent said end portion of the string.
24. A bass guitar comprising a guitar body, a plurality of strings mounted to the body, a plurality of pickups each mounted to The body for individual response to a respective one of said strings, and a plurality of octave jumpers each respectively responsive to an input signal from an individual one of said pickups, each said octave jumper comprising: means responsive to the input signal generated by its individual pickup for generating a first signal component having a lower fundamental frequency lower than that of the input signal, and also having odd harmonics of said lower fundamental, means for amplitude modulating said first signal component in response to said input signal, and second means responsive to the input signal from the pickup for combining with said modulated first signal component a second signal component having even harmonics of said lower fundamental.
25. The bass guitar of claim 24 wherein said means for generating a first signal component comprises: a low pass filter responsive to the individual pickup, a wave squaring circuit responsive to the filter, and a binary dividing circuit responsive to the squaring circuit, said means for combining first and second signal components comprising: a summing network having a first input from the individual transducer and a second input from the output of said binary dividing circuit.
26. A bass guitar comprising: a guitar body, a plurality of strings mounted to the body, a plurality of pickups each mounted to the body for individual response to a respective one of said strings, and a plurality of octave jumpers each respectively responsive to an input signal from an individual one of said pickups, each said octave jumper comprising: means responsive to the input signal generated by its individual pickup for generating a first signal component having a lower fundamental frequency lower than that of the input signal, and also having odd harmonics of said lower fundamental, said means for generating a first signal component comprising: a low pass filter responsive to the individual pickup, a wave squaring circuit responsive to the filter, and a binary dividing circuit responsive to the squaring circuit, a diode modulator connected to attenuate the output of said binary dividing circuit, means responsive to the input signal from said individual pickup for biasing said diode modulator, and second means responsive to the input signal from the pickup for combining with said first signal component a second signal component having even harmonics of said lower fundamental, said means for combining first and second signal components comprising: a summing network having a first input from the individual transducer and a second input from the output of said binary dividing circuit.
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