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Method of gasifying carbonaceous material

阅读：607发布：2022-11-22

专利汇可以提供Method of gasifying carbonaceous material专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且A method and apparatus is disclosed for generating a clean, low Btu fuel gas by the reaction of a carbonaceous fuel limestone mixture with oxygen and steam in a downdraft fixed bed gasifier. The product gas and slag are discharged from the lower end of the gasifier after having passed through an incandescent char matrix in which contaminants such as sulfur are scrubbed from the gas. A portion of the hot product gas is withdrawn from the upper end of the gasifier to dry, preheat, and devolatilize freshly introduced fuel material. This gas which contains a heavy oily emulsion of tars and sulfur compounds is then reintroduced into the gasifier. The gasifier is capable of gasifying essentially any hydrocarbon material such as, refuse, lignite, anthracite, bituminous coal, coke, oil, liquid waste and many others, including manure and other farm waste.，下面是Method of gasifying carbonaceous material专利的具体信息内容。

权利要求

1. A METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FUEL GAS FROM A CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL WHICH COMPRISES: A. PROVIDING A SUBSTANTIALLY VERTICAL SHAFT FURNACE HAVING A PREHEATING ZONE ADJACENT THE UPPER END OF THE FURNACE AN OXIDATION ZONE UNDERLYING SAID PREHEATING ZONE, AND A REDUCING ZONE UNDERLYING SAID OXIDATION ZONE AND ADJACENT THE LOWER END OF THE FURNACE; B. INTRODUCING A SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL HAVING SUFFICIENT COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TO SUPPORT A CARBON MATRIX INTO SAID PREHEATING ZONE; C. OXIDIZING SAID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL IN SAID OXIDATION ZONE BY REACTING SAID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL WITH FREE OXYGEN TO FORM AN INTERMEDIATE GASEOUS PRODUCT, A CHAR MATRIX CONTAINING CARBON, AND MOLTEN SLAG; D. REACTING SAID INTERMEDIATE GASEOUS PRODUCTS WITH STEAM AND WITH CARBON FROM SAID CHAR MATRIX IN SAID REDUCING ZONE TO FORM A PRODUCT GAS COMPRISING PRINCIPALLY HYDROGEN AND CARBON MONOXIDE; E. FLOWING SAID MOLTEN SLAG DOWNWARD THROUGH SAID CHAR MATRIX; F. REMOVING SAID SLAG THROUGH THE BOTTOM OF SAID FURNACE SHAFT,; G. MAINTAINING AN UPWARD FLOW OF A PORTION OF THE GASES FORMED IN SAID OXIDATION AND REDUCING ZONES SUFFICIENT TO MAINTAIN THE LEVEL OF IGNITION OF SAID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL IN SAID OXIDATION ZONE AT A PREDETERMINED LEVEL, SAID UPWARD FLOW OF GAS PASSING THROUGH SAID PREHEATING ZONE AND CONTACTING SAID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, WHEREBY SAID MATERIAL IS DRIED, DEVOLATILIZED AND HEATED TO A TEMPERATURE JUST UNDER ITS IGNITION TEMPERATURE, THE VOLATILE MATTER DRIVEN FROM THE CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL BEING CARRIED FROM SAID FURNACE ALONG WITH SAID PORTION OF SAID GASES AND RE-INTRODUCING SAID PORTION OF THE GASES AND VOLATILE MATTER INTO SAID FURNACE IN SAID REDUCING ZONE; H. EXHAUSTING THE BALANCE OF SAID PRODUCT GAS FROM THE LOWER END OF SAID FURNACE.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said portion of the gases is introduced into said furnace along with said steam.

3. The method of claim 1 including introducing limestone into said preheating zone along with said carbonaceous material, melting said limestone and flowing said limestone downward along with said slag through said char matrix in said oxidation and reducing zones, reacting any sulfur contained in said product gas with the limestone in said slag to form molten calcium-sulfur compounds, said calcium-sulfur compounds passing from said furnace in admixture with said slag, the intimate contact between the limestone/slag mixture and said downward flowing gases as they pass concurrently through said char matrix assuring removal of substantially all sulfur contaminants from said product gas prior to exhausting the gas from the gasifier.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the upwaRd flow of the portion of the gases comprises between about 5 to 50 percent of the total gas produced in the gasifier.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the upward flow of a portion of the gases comprises between about 15 to 25 percent of the total gas produced in the gasifier.

6. The method of claim 1 including introducing a liquid carbonaceous fuel into said preheating zone in addition to said solid carbonaceous material.

7. The method of claim 1 including controlling the temperature within said oxidation zone by admixing steam with said oxygen.

8. The method of claim 3 including introducing small quantities of iron along with said carbonaceous material and limestone.

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Method of gasifying carbonaceous material

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