RADEINHEIT FÜR EIN SCHIENENFAHRZEUG

description

Wheel unit for a railway vehicle The invention relates to a wheel unit for a rail vehicle, comprising a rail vehicle wheel with a rim, egg ^¬ ner adjoining the rim wheel plate and a recess formed by the rim and the wheel plate. Rail vehicles are due to their low in comparison with other transport energy consumption per passenger kilo ^¬ meter or per ton-kilometer as an environmentally friendly transport ^¬ medium. Nevertheless, it is desirable for reasons of cost and in terms of environmental protection, to reduce the energy consumption of rolling on.

Is a part of the energy consumption of a rail vehicle can be set to its air resistance while driving zurückfüh ^¬ ren. The higher is its running speed, the greater the air resistance of the rail vehicle. So if this is in particular is at the rail vehicle is a high- speed rail vehicle, a high to ^¬ part of its energy consumption can back walk in his drag to ^¬.

The air resistance of a rail vehicle depends, among other ^¬ rem as his coach body is shaped. Furthermore, however, the wheels of the rail vehicle, among other ^¬ rem exposed because of their location a significant contribution to the air resistance of the rail vehicle.

It is an object of the invention to provide a wheel unit, which enables an energy-saving operation of a rail vehicle.

This object is achieved by a wheel unit of the type mentioned ^¬ having a wheel cap according to the invention that the recess at least partially obscured. Advantageous developments of the Rademheit invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims and the nachfol ^¬ constricting description.

The invention proceeds from the realization that a rail vehicle wheel, comprising a rim, a wheel plate and the wheel rim adjacent to a recess formed by the rim and the wheel plate, comprising from an aerodynamic point of view a rather awkward shape. During the trip, air flows into the recess and then back out. This leads at least in the region of the depression to a (multiple) flow direction change in an air flow. In particular, also turbulence in the air flow can form. therefore the depression influenced to a significant extent the drag on the rail vehicle.

Characterized in that the wheel unit having a wheel cap which covers the recess or at least partially sawn, can at least in the region of the hub cap inflow (and subsequent outflow) of air loading in the recess or be prevented. Using the hubcap can be at least mitigated a flow direction change in an air flow at the rail vehicle in the hubcap or avoided. It also allows the hub cap to reduce the Bil ^¬ dung of air turbulence or even eliminate.

The hubcap suitably forms a cover for the recess made so that the recess by the hubcap "ge ^¬ smoothes" is. For the air flow at the rail vehicle, the rail vehicle thus corresponds at least in the region of the hub cap of a wheel with a smooth surface.

The wheel unit according to the invention thus has vorteilhafterwei ^¬ se less air resistance than previously used rail vehicle wheels (with the same dimensions as the

Railway wheel of the wheel unit). If the wheel assembly used in a bogie of a rail vehicle, instead of a well-known to ^¬ forth railway vehicle wheel, the air can ^¬ resistance of the rail vehicle is reduced. This as ^¬ derum allows energy-saving driving operation

Rail vehicle.

The rail vehicle is preferably a so-called solid wheel, in particular a Stahlgussvollrad. A solid wheel has the advantage that it can withstand alternating loads, since it has no boundary regions of different materials that could be solved in thermal overloads, where appropriate, of each other. Furthermore, the wheel unit can be a part of a wheel set, in particular a blowing ^¬ gearset be. In addition, the wheel unit zweckmä- ßigerweise a symmetry axis. Preferably, the wheel ^¬ unit is axially symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis.

That a first member connects to a second element can be understood in that the first element immediately following the second element or be anreiht immediacy ^¬ bar to the second element. In a preferred manner, a first element, which connects a second member of ^¬, connected to the second element. As a wheel plate disc or plate-miger section of the rail vehicle can be considered present. Conveniently, the rim is radially further externally ^¬ ranks as the wheel plate. Further, the fabric ^¬ te by the wheel rim and the wheel plate recess can be regarded as a particular indentation. Advantageously, the wheel rim and the wheel plate delimit the recess. Further, the recess may additionally be formed by at least one further element of the railway vehicle wheel or limited.

The depression may include, a step, a chamfer, a recess and / or cavity. Using the hubcap can be loaded such a gradation, bevel, recess and / or excavation or hidden, so such an element does not affect the air flow at the rail vehicle.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the recess is axially symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis. The depression may be, for example annular or substantially annular configuration.

Preferably, the hub cap conceals the recess in the direction of the axis of symmetry viewed. It is particularly preferred if the hub cap the well completely ver ^¬ covers is. This makes it possible to completely prevent an inflow of air into the deepening, which in turn has an advantageous effect on the air resistance of the wheel unit.

Furthermore, it is possible that the wheel cap loading another Ver ^¬ deepening or hidden, which is in particular formed by the wheel plate and the wheel rim.

The wheel cover can ring- among others and / or disc-shaped. Further, the hub cap may have a different (geometrically complex) form. Thus, the hubcap can eg be curved one or both sides. In particular, egg ^¬ ne cross-sectional shape of the wheel cap may correspond to an ellipse or an ellipse portion and may correspond to its 3-dimensional shape of an ellipsoid or a Ellipsoidenabschnitt. In this way, a particularly advantageous from an aerodynamic point of view guiding an air flow at the railway vehicle can be achieved.

Further, the hub cap may, inter alia, plastic

and / or be made of metal. In particular, the hub cap of several different metals and / or plastics can be made. Preferably, the hub cap is made of a material having a lower mass density than that ^¬ material from which the rail vehicle wheel is made. Thereby it can be achieved that the total mass of the wheel unit is increased only geringfü ^¬ gig (compared to a wheel unit without hubcap) by attaching the wheel plate. This is particularly advantageous because an increase in the (vibratory) mass of the wheel unit whose vibrations can result in energy losses can be kept low in this way.

Logically, the hubcap with the railway wheel, in particular with the wheel plate and / or to the rim of the rail vehicle, respectively. The wheel cover may be, for example, glued to the rail vehicle and / or screwed. Egg ^¬ ne such a connection is particularly cost-effectively producible ^¬ bar. Further, the wheel cover may be connected by means of a plug connection to the rail vehicle.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the hub cap is at least partially in the recess angeord ^¬ net. Such an arrangement is advantageous, as can be particularly firmly connect the rail vehicle wheel, the wheel cap-cost-effectively in the field of depression and / or.

Furthermore, it is expedient if the wheel plate has a ge ^¬ ringere thickness than the rim. Since frictional forces between the rail vehicle and a rail at the wheel ^¬ wreath of rail vehicle act and will have the rim therefore withstand high loads under certain circumstances, the rim is advantageously made thicker than the wheel ^¬ plate.

As the thickness of an extent in the direction of the symmetry axis of the wheel unit can be considered herein. The rim preferably has a taper. The taper can be an abrupt taper, for example a so-called gradation, or a continuous taper. Further, the taper may be rounded. In addition, the taper may comprise one or more chamfers. Further, the taper may be formed by two flat sides of the rim, which are run together and oriented obliquely to each other. Conveniently, the taper is axially symmetrical with respect to the symmetry axis of the wheel unit. The rejuvenation of the rim can limit the recess. Further, the taper of the rim can be regarded as part of the recess.

In addition, the wheel plate includes expediently to the rejuvenation of supply of the rim. It is also advantageous if the

Hubcap has a in its shape to the taper, or to a form of taper fitted portion. Can thereby be achieved that the wheel cap rests flat at least at that portion of the taper of the rim. Said section can form a counterpart to the taper.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the railway vehicle on a web. Preferably, the web limits the recess. Further, it is preferred if the Ver ^¬ indentation is formed by the wheel rim, the wheel plate and through the web. In addition, the web appropriately ^¬ as follows on the wheel plate. Logically, the web radi al ^¬ is disposed further inside than the wheel plate. Further, the wheel plate is preferably arranged between the web and the edge ^¬ wreath.

The web preferably has a greater thickness than the wheel ^¬ plate. In particular, the thickness of the web can be as large or substantially as large as the thickness of the rim. In addition, the web of an opening for a wheel hub may have.

Furthermore, the hub cap may be connected to the web. In particular, the wheel cover can be glued to the web, ge ^¬ welded and / or may be connected via a plug connection with the web. Preferably, the wheel plate to the rim and the web is integrally formed. This means that the wheel flange, the wheel plate and the web are preferably no separate Ele ^¬ elements that need to be connected only with each other. Kränz the wheel, the wheel plate and the web thus may be made of one piece of material, for example of a piece of steel, molded, in particular cast in.

Further, it is preferred if the web has a taper up. This taper can be an abrupt taper at ^¬ play, a so-called gradation or kontinuier ^¬ Liche rejuvenation. Further, the taper of the land may be rounded. In addition, the taper may comprise one or more chamfers. Further, this taper may be formed by two flat sides of the rim, which are aligned obliquely to each other or converge. Conveniently, the taper of the web is axially symmetric bezüg ^¬ Lich the axis of symmetry of the wheel unit. The taper of the fin may define the recess. Further, the taper of the web can be regarded as part of the recess.

Preferably, the wheel plate connects to the taper of the web. Moreover, it is advantageous if the wheel cover comprises egg ^¬ nen in its shape to the taper, or to a form of taper fitted portion. In this way it can be achieved that the wheel cap rests flat at least at the Ab ^¬ cut at the tapering of the web.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention the hubcap is arranged completely in the recess. Further, the hub cap may lie flush with the rim and / or the web from ^¬. This enables an advantageous, especially low-resistance flow guide on the rail vehicle. Furthermore, the hubcap can fill the recess completely or partially. In addition, the wheel assembly may include a wheel hub, which is preferably connected to the web. The wheel cap may enter into, among other things flush with the wheel hub.

Further, the hub cap may have at least one portion on ^¬, which is arranged outside the recess. This section may collapse or the wheel rim, the web and / or the wheel hub at least partially sawn. Moreover, it is mög ^¬ Lich that the wheel cap is located entirely outside the recess.

The wheel cover preferably has a projection. The pre ^¬ jump allows a low-complexity attachment of the wheel cap ^¬ or in the recess. Conveniently, the projection in the recess is arranged. Furthermore, the projection, the recess fully or partially ausfül ^¬ len.

In addition, usefully, the wheel cover on an inner side and an outer side. The inside can, in particular, the side of the wheel cap on which or with wel ^¬ cher the wheel cap on the rail vehicle, particularly on the wheel plate is applied.

Preferably, the inside of the wheel cover is flat or has at least one planar portion. Furthermore, the inside of the hub cap may have at least a curved portion. The outer side of the wheel cap may be flat or at least sectionally be flat. Further, the outer side of the wheel cap may be curved or arched at least in sections, with their curvature, a convex curvature can be in particular.

On its inner surface the wheel cap may comprise a plurality of support elements, for example in the form of struts. This enables a weight-saving design of the wheel cap, and in particular ^¬ base of the recessed material between the support elements. In addition, it can be achieved that the wheel cap rests on stable rail vehicle using the supporting elements. Suitably ^¬ ßigerweise are the supporting elements against the wheel plate. Be ^¬ Sonders, when the support members lie in the Ver ^¬ deepening at the wheel plate is preferred. Furthermore, the supporting elements can each be oriented parallel or obliquely to the axis of symmetry of the wheel unit.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wheel unit on a further overall formed by the rim and the wheel plate recess. Conveniently, the two

arranged recesses on different sides of the wheel plate.

Furthermore, the wheel assembly preferably comprises a further wheel cap. Preferably, loaded or covered further hubcap the further recess at least partially. The features described above, which refer to the former wheel ^¬ cap, can pull ^¬ be on the further hubcap. In particular the two tires may be identical or configured substantially identical to each other.

Both hubcaps may for example be curved at their external land and partially curved. Furthermore, both hubcaps may be on their outsides flat or partially flat.

Furthermore, it is possible that one of the two tires is curved at its outer side or curved sections, while the other of the two tires is on its outer side a flat or partially flat.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a bogie with at least one such wheel unit, that is, with the wheel assembly according to the invention or a their described above developments directed. The bogie is again expediently a part of a rail vehicle, particularly a high-speed-rail vehicle. As high-speed rail and tram ^¬ a railway vehicle can be construed listed herein, whose top speed is at least 200 km / h.

The bogie can be an externally mounted or innengela- GERTES bogie. That is, axle bearings and the bogie frame parts can be between two rail vehicle wheels of a wheel set of the bogie be arranged (innengela ^¬ GERTES bogie). Alternatively, axle bearing and the bogie frame parts can-forming wheels of a wheel set of the bogie be disposed (externally mounted bogie) outside of two rail car.

Said wheel assembly can thus be mounted within a support frame of the bogie, or between two outside edges of the bogie. Alternatively, the wheel assembly may be mounted outside of the supporting frame of the bogie.

Includes the bogie multiple wheel units, which are configured as described above can be achieved that the bogie aufweiset reduced by about 10 to 15% air resistance at the maximum speed of the rail vehicle ^¬ zeugs as a bogie with usual rails ^¬ vehicle wheels (ie rail vehicle wheels without hubcaps). The overall air resistance of the rail vehicle can thus be reduced by about 2 to 4%.

The previously given description of advantageous embodiments of the invention contains numerous features which are reproduced in the individual subclaims partially to several summarized. However, these features can be advantageously also be considered individually and combined into meaningful wide ^¬ ren combination. In particular, these features are each individually and be combined in any suitable combination with the inventive wheel unit bar.

Even if some of the terms are respectively used in the singular or in conjunction with a numeral in the description and in the claims, the scope of the invention for these terms shall not be restricted to the singular or each ^¬ stays awhile numeral. Furthermore, the words are to be understood "a" or "an" as number words, but as an indefinite article.

The above-described characteristics, features and advantages of the invention and the manner of attaining them, will become clearer and more fully understood in conjunction transition with the following description of embodiments of the invention, which are explained in connection passage with the drawings. The embodiments serve to illustrate the invention and not to limit the invention to the details given herein, combinations of features, not even with regard to functional characteristics. In addition, to appropriate features of each embodiment considered in isolation ex ^¬ plicitly removed from one embodiment to another embodiment, introduced to its comple ^¬ wetting and be combined with any of the claims.

Show it:

Figure 1 is a bogie with two wheel sets, which in each case comprise two wheel units; and

Figures 2 - 6, various embodiments of the

Wheel assemblies of the bogie of Figure 1. Figure 1 shows schematically a bogie for a rail vehicle 2 in a plan view. The truck 2 comprises a supporting frame 4, which are mounted on two sets of wheels. 6

Each of the two wheel sets 6 has an axle 8, on which two wheel assemblies 10 and two brake discs 12 are arranged, wherein the wheel units are placed 10 on the ends of the wheel set ^¬ shaft 8 and the brake discs 12 between the Radeinhei ^¬ th 10th According to FIG 1 are at the bogie 2 in vorlie ^¬ constricting case an externally mounted bogie. In principle it would be possible that the bogie 2 is an internally mounted bogie. The wheel units 10 according to the exemplary embodiments described below can thus be used at an internally mounted or an externally-mounted bogie. The outside-mounted variant of the bogie 2 is, however, not shown figuratively.

FIG 2 shows a first embodiment of the Radein ^¬ units 10 of the bogie 2 of FIG 1 in a schematic sectional illustration. The sectional plane, to which the

Sectional view of Figure 2 refers is chenebene parallel to the newspaper of Fig. 1

Preferably, the other wheel units 10 of the Drehge ^¬ stells 2 are configured identically to that shown in FIG 2 wheel unit 10th In principle, it is possible, however, that the rest of the wheel units 10 each differ in one or more characteristics of the wheel unit illustrated 10th In particular, the other wheel assemblies 10 may be respectively formed in a wheel assembly as the appended drawings.

The wheel assembly 10 illustrated in FIG 2 includes a rail ^¬ vehicle wheel 14, which is designed as Stahlgussvollrad and a rim 16, a wheel plate 18, and a web 20 having. Both the rim 16 and the web 20 Schliemann SEN at the wheel plate 18, wherein the gear plate 18 is arranged between the web 20 and the rim sixteenth In addition, the gear plate 18 is integral with the rim 16 and the web formed 20th The rim 16 and the web 20 have substantially the same thickness 22 that the thickness 22 of the rim 16 and the web 20 is greater than a thickness 24 of the gear plate 18. Furthermore, the rail vehicle 14 two by the gear plate 18 and the rim 16 recesses formed at 26, the depressions 26 are arranged at different sides of the wheel plate eighteenth The two recesses 26 are each formed by the wheel rim 16, the gear plate 18 and the ridge 20 limits. Furthermore, the two recesses 26 have the same or substantially the same dimensions.

Furthermore, the rim 16 an abrupt taper 28 (a so-called gradation) on to which the wheel plate connecting the eighteenth Likewise, the web 20 in such a abrupt Ver ^¬ rejuvenation 30 to which the wheel plate connecting the eighteenth

Furthermore, the wheel assembly 10 includes a hub 32 which is cut from ^¬ as performed by the web 20 and over which the wheel unit 10 is connected to the axle. 8

10 also has an axis of symmetry, the wheel unit 34, with respect to which the wheel assembly 10 is axially symmetric, and the above-mentioned elements of the wheel unit 10 are axially symmetrical.

In the present embodiment, the wheel assembly 10 on a wheel cover 36 made of plastic, which is glued with its interior side 38 of the rail vehicle ^¬ fourteenth Prinzipi- eil 36 could be connected also in another way with the railway wheel the wheel cover 14, for example via one or more screw connections.

The wheel cover 36 is configured ring- or disc-shaped and axially symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry placed 34th Further, the wheel cover 36 is fully placed in the proper drawing left of the two recesses 26 and fills recess 26 completely. The other of the two recesses 26 is exposed.

Further, the wheel cover 36 both on its inner side 38 and on its outer side 40 planar. In addition, the wheel cover 36 includes on its outer side 40 is flush with the rim 16 and the web 20 from. 10 thereby has the wheel unit at its distinctive ^¬ voltage according to left side of the rim 16 to the web 20 a smooth, flat surface which is trained det by the outer side 40 of the wheel cover 36, the web 20 and the rim sixteenth

The wheel cover 36 could alternatively be located in the other of the two recesses 26th Furthermore, could, in principle in two recesses 26 each have such a wheel cover to be sorted Toggle 36th

The descriptions of the following embodiments are limited primarily to the differences from execution ^¬ example of FIG 2, to remain the same noticeably male and functions referenced. Essentially the same or corresponding elements are generally denoted by the same reference numerals and are not mentioned features are incorporated in the following embodiments, without being described renews.

The reference numerals for the recesses 26, 22 for the thickness of the rim 16 and the web 20, as well as the thickness 24 of the wheel plate are sake of clarity not shown in the 18 nachfol ^¬ constricting figures.

3 shows a second embodiment of one of the Radein ^¬ units 10 of the bogie 2 of FIG 1 in a schematic sectional illustration. In this wheel unit 10, both the taper 28 of the rim 16 and the taper 30 of the web 20 abge ^¬ rounds are configured.

10 also includes the wheel unit in the present exemplary embodiment, two tires 36 which are respectively arranged on both sides of the wheel plate 18 in one of the two wells. By the use of the two tires 36, the wheel unit 10 on both the left according to the drawing side and on their right side of the drawing in accordance with the rim 16 to the web 20 to a smooth, level surface.

Each of the two tires 36 has a rounded portion on its inside 38 42, which is adapted in its shape to the shape of the taper 28 of the rim 16, and a further rounded portion 44, which in its shape to the shape of the taper 30 of the web is adapted 20th Hereby is achieved that the tires 36 bear flat against the respective gene taper 28, 30th

Between the said rounded portions 42, 44 36, the respective wheel cap on its inner surface 38 a flat portion 46 which lies flat against the wheel plate 18 Toggle.

FIG 4 shows a third embodiment of the Radein ^¬ units 10 of the bogie 2 of FIG 1 in a schematic sectional illustration.

Also in the present embodiment, the wheel unit 10 includes two tires 36, 18 are each arranged on both sides of the wheel plate weils ^¬ in one of the two wells. In addition, both tires 36 close flush with its respective outer side 40 with the rim 16 and the web 20 from. Both wheel ^¬ hats 36 are disposed entirely in the respective recess, this but fill out only partially.

The drawing in accordance with right wheel cover 36 fills in the drawing in accordance with right cavity to about 50% and is just at the wheel ^¬ rim 16 and the web 20 in contact with the rail vehicle ^¬ wheel 14. The drawing according left wheel cap 36 on the other hand has at its inner surface 38 a plurality of support members to 48, which abut against the wheel plate eighteenth

5 shows a fourth embodiment of one of the Radein ^¬ units 10 of the bogie 2 of FIG 1 in a schematic sectional illustration. In the present embodiment, the wheel unit 10, in turn, two tires 36 which are arranged on both sides of the wheel plate eighteenth

The drawing in accordance with right wheel cap 36, which is arranged in the drawing ^¬ voltage in accordance with the right depression 36 is configured as shown in Figure 2, the hub cap. The drawing according left wheel cover 36 has on its inner ^¬ page 38 to a projection 50 which is arranged in the zeichnungsge ^¬ Mäss left recess, said projection 50 fills said recess only partially. At its geek ^¬ te 40 this wheel cover 36 is convexly curved, so that the

Cross-sectional shape of the wheel unit 10 on the left side corresponds to an elliptical section. Further, this wheel ^¬ cap 36 protrudes from the left recess. That is, this wheel cover 36 has a portion 52 which is arranged outside the left recess.

Further comprising the drawing of left hub cap 36 at its inner surface 38 has a first planar portion 54 abuts the web 20, a second flat portion 56 which rests against the rim 16, and a third planar portion 58 between the web 20 and the rim 16 is arranged and spaced apart from the wheel plate eighteenth

In the present Example 10, the wheel unit on its right-hand side drawing in accordance with a smooth, flat surface and at its drawing according left a smooth, ge ^¬ arched surface.

6 shows a fifth embodiment of one of the Radein ^¬ units 10 of the bogie 2 of FIG 1 in a schematic sectional illustration.

Again, the wheel unit 10 includes two tires 36 which are arranged on both sides of the wheel plate eighteenth The drawing according left wheel cover 36 has on its inner ^¬ page 38 a projection 50, which is arranged in the zeichnungsge ^¬ Mäss left recess and completely fills this recess. Otherwise, this wheel cover 36 as the drawing according left wheel cap is configured from FIG 5 36th

The drawing in accordance with right wheel cap 36 on the other hand is designed as a ge ^¬ curved plate having at its outer side 40 a convex curvature. Moreover, this wheel cover 36 is fully located outside the drawing of the right recess and contacts the rail vehicle wheel 14, only the wheel ^¬ a ring 16. In the present case, the wheel unit 10 on both the drawing in accordance with right-hand side as well as on their drawing ^¬ according left a smooth, curved surface. The three-dimensional shape of the wheel unit 10 is thus similar to an ellipsoid.

Has been illustrated and described, although the invention in detail by the preferred embodiments of dieting, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples is ^¬ limited and other variations can be derived therefrom without departing from the scope of the invention.