| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 321 | Ultrasonic conditioning and wet scubbing of fly ash | US40515 | 1998-03-17 | US5840179A | 1998-11-24 | Rafic Y. Minkara; Jerry L. Heavilon |
| Processes for treating fly ash to enhance the fly ash as a pozzolan for portland cement mixes and to separate therefrom a substantial carbon compound and/or to increase the fineness of the fly ash include the treatment of a fly ash slurry with ultrasonic energy using ultrasonic horns immersed in a slurry of fly ash and water and imparting to said slurry such ultrasonic energy as to cause microscopic cavities to form and implode with high localized energy to break up fly ash agglomerations along cleavage lines and to break up carbon particles and matrices which have entrapped fly ash microspheres therein to release the microspheres into the slurry. A conditioner agent may be added at or during ultrasonic treatment to enhance the flotation of the carbon compound. | ||||||
| 322 | Device for disintegration of argillaceous materials | US765299 | 1997-02-24 | US5794863A | 1998-08-18 | Vladimir Georgievich Kochnev; Sergey Albertovich Simankin |
| A device for disintegration of argillaceous materials comprises a plurality of vanes 8 mounted on the inner surface of the housing 1 between the outlets of the feed pipes 2 and 3 and the inlets of the discharge pipes 4 and 5. Each of the vanes 8 is arranged in a manner such that the angle between the tangent 11 to the cylindrical surface 1 in the plane of the vane 8 and the plane 12 perpendicular to the axis 6 of the housing 1, is between 0 and 60 degrees. As the hydraulic fluid stream impinges upon the vanes 8, the argillaceous material is multiply exposed to pressure differentials and cavitation, this favoring faster impregnation of clay lumps with water and their disintegration leading to separation of mineral grams. | ||||||
| 323 | Apparatus, system and method for treating process material such as waste material | US447036 | 1995-05-22 | US5655718A | 1997-08-12 | Joseph Anderson |
| An apparatus for treating process material includes a vessel into which process material can be introduced, an arrangement for introducing steam into the interior of the vessel to heat and impart moisture to process material in the vessel, and several fluid transport conduits extending helically through the vessel for conveying heated fluid through the vessel between opposite ends of the vessel in order to raise the temperature and pressure within the vessel to treat the material while also allowing the moisture content of the process material to be reduced. The fluid transport conduits are also configured to contact the process material and assist in treating and densifying the material. The vessel can also be adapted to be pivoted so that the forward end of the vessel can be selectively positioned above and below a horizontal position. The vessel can also be interconnected with one or more similarly configured vessels to define a system for treating process material. The system can include an arrangement that allows steam and heat from a hot vessel to be conveyed to a cold vessel. A method for treating process material can include introducing process material into two different vessels, raising the temperature within one of the vessels through the introduction of steam to heat the material in the vessel, and reducing the temperature in the one vessel while also increasing the temperature in the other vessel by venting the interior of the one vessel to the interior of the other vessel. | ||||||
| 324 | Method and apparatus for dividing and separating self-adhesive composite plastic materials | US610628 | 1996-03-04 | US5647544A | 1997-07-15 | Ralph Greiner; Michele Melchiorre; Bjorn Stuckrad |
| A method and apparatus for the single type recovery of plastic materials from starting pieces of a multiple composite material is disclosed. The starting pieces are firstly comminuted mechanically into particles of a size compatible with the process. These composite materials particularly are separated and a mixture of different materials is produced and, from this material mixture, the individual materials are isolated. For the recovery of starting pieces of prepreg fabric from flexible cutting residues, lined with films on both sides, the following steps are performed in sequence. First, the starting pieces are comminuted by cutting them up into shreds of composite material. Then the shreds of composite material are cooled down to temperatures below room temperature and, in a cold state, are subjected to a mechanical alternating bending stress and/or a shearing stress, the films becoming detached from the prepreg pieces in a scale-like manner to form a mixture. This mixture of film clippings and free prepreg pieces is subjected to a wet, density-selective flotation-like float and sink separation, the films floating and the free prepreg pieces sinking. | ||||||
| 325 | Process for environmentally safe disposal of used fluorescent lamp potted ballast assemblies with component part reclamation and/or recycling | US782527 | 1991-10-24 | US5230140A | 1993-07-27 | Anthony Nardella; Bruce Norian |
| A process for the environmentally safe disposal of used fluorescent lamp potted ballast assemblies and the like, with the potential for component part reclamation and/or recycling, involving preferred cryogenic freezing of the potted assembly to the extent that the frozen potting becomes sufficiently brittle throughout to enable it to be pulverized away in small particles, cleanly from all the components, with only that component with a hazardous material needing to be incinerated or otherwise environmentally safely disposed of, and with all the other components and parts in condition for salvage, re-use, and/or reclamation. | ||||||
| 326 | Extraction of mercury and mercury compounds from contaminated material and solutions | US963225 | 1992-10-19 | US5226545A | 1993-07-13 | Donald F. Foust |
| Mercury and mercury-containing compounds can be removed from soil, sand, and similar materials by a remediation method in which the contaminated material is treated with an aqueous composition comprising an oxidant, such as iodine, and a complexing or solubilizing agent, such as potassium iodide, the liquid and solid phases are separated, and further processed as needed. | ||||||
| 327 | Ultrasonic vibrator tray apparatus | US189361 | 1988-05-02 | US4919807A | 1990-04-24 | William E. Morton; Harold V. Fairbanks; James Wallis; Raymond L. Hunicke; Joseph Krenicki |
| Processes and apparatus for treatment of flowing slurries of particulate material mixed in liquid employ a wide, elongated downwardly-slanted, metal tray with upturned edge flanges, cable-suspended for unrestrained vibratory flexing and undulation. The tray is provided with a plurality of ultrasonic transducers mounted on its underside, and the flowing slurry is delivered to the upper tray end, flowing lengthwise down the tray in a shallow flowing sheet. Ultrasonic vibratory energy coupled through the tray to the flowing slurry has a "microscopic scrubbing" action on all particles and agglomerates, breaking the surface tension on the particle, cleaning particle surfaces, and separating different constituent particles and coatings of gels, slimes, algae, clay or mud. Mixtures of fine particles of coal or other valuable minerals with ash, clay, rock or sand particles are separated with unexpected efficiency by these techniques. In a second embodiment, a second reflection tray is provided superimposed on the first tray. | ||||||
| 328 | System and method for recovery of salvageable ferrous and non-ferrous metal components from incinerated waste materials, and a selective crusher therefor | US116399 | 1987-11-03 | US4815667A | 1989-03-28 | Samuel Keller |
| The present invention pertains to a system and a method for recovering salvageable ferrous and non-ferrous materials from incinerated waste materials including friable, carbonaceous incineration byproducts such as ash and associated ferrous and non-ferrous metal components. The system includes at least one crushing means for selectively comminuting friable material comprised of a rotating roll having at least one protrusion, preferably a weld extending transversely to the direction of rotation of roll, on its exterior cylindrical surfaces in spaced relation to a backing plate. The backing plate is urged toward the roll by a bias means exerted a preferably adjustable pressure sufficient to comminute the friable carbonaceous material to a desired size, and insufficient so as to permit the backing plate to retract and allow passage of ferrous and non-ferrous components in the waste material through the crushing means substantially uncomminuted. The bias means tends to rapidly urge the retracted backing plate to its set position and exert a selective comminution pressure through the retraction cycle. At last a first separating means coacts with the first crushing means for at least partially separating comminuted carbonaceous incineration byproducts from ferrous and non-ferrous metal components; and first magnetic means separates ferrous metal components from the waste material. The present invention further relates to a novel crusher for selectively comminuting friable materials without substantially comminuting associated malleable materials. | ||||||
| 329 | Separation of mixtures of bituminous coal and lower rank coal by selective chemical comminution | US550709 | 1983-11-14 | US4630778A | 1986-12-23 | Ju-Nam Chew |
| Method for separating a mixture of bituminous coal and a lower rank coal such as subbituminous, lignite, and mixtures thereof, comprising contacting the coal mixture with an effective amount of an aqueous chemical comminuting solution for a sufficient time to selectively comminute a substantial portion of one of the ranks of coal in the mixture. Thereafter, the comminuted coal and noncomminuted coal of different rank is separated from the chemical comminuting solution. The smaller comminuted coal particles of one rank are then separated from the larger noncomminuted coal of the other rank by screening. Substantially anhydrous methanol or an aqueous methanol solution is used to selectively comminute the bituminous rank coal whereas an aqueous alkaline solution, preferably aqueous sodium hydroxide, is used to selectively comminute the lower rank coal. | ||||||
| 330 | Method for the beneficiation of oxidized coal | US627163 | 1984-07-02 | US4605420A | 1986-08-12 | Phillip E. McGarry; David E. Herman; Robert A. Treskot; David C. Fistner, Sr. |
| A process for modifying the surface of oxidized coal, said process comprising subjecting coal having oxidized surfaces to high shear agitation in water followed by desliming the resultant aqueous coal mixture. | ||||||
| 331 | Reducing ash content of lignite | US574484 | 1984-01-27 | US4575011A | 1986-03-11 | Roger W. Fenstermaker |
| Mine-run lignite having an unsalably high content of ash-producing clay is treated selectively to shatter the more friable portions; the effluent from the shattering operation is classified by size; at least the classification containing the smallest particles is discarded; and particles of size larger than those discarded are combined to produce a mixture of lower ash producing clay content. Preferably, the classified effluent is separated into a first portion containing the larger, salable particles; a second portion containing medium-size particles which contains too much clay to be readily salable with the medium-size particle mixture subjected to further treatment such as jigging or heavy media separation to yield a product of clay content that is salable; and a third portion of smaller size particles which is discarded. | ||||||
| 332 | Scheelite flotation process | US416915 | 1982-09-13 | US4488959A | 1984-12-18 | Gordon E. Agar |
| A process for separating scheelite from gange wherein the ore is ground with 0.4 to 10 grams of alkali metal carbonate per kg. of ore, forming a pulp and removing sulfide minerals from pulp liquor. Carrying out froth floatation in the presence of paraffin oil, 0.1-0.4 gram of fatty acid per kg. of ore and 3.2-5.5 grams of sodium silicate per kg. of ore wherein the weight ratio of paraffin oil to fatty acid is 0.5:1 to 2.8:1. | ||||||
| 333 | Method and apparatus for recovering thermoplastic from coated fabric scrap | US485493 | 1983-04-21 | US4483488A | 1984-11-20 | Bruce A. Luff; Michael C. Kazarnowicz |
| The invention relates to cryogenically cooling and impacting thermoplastic coated fabric to liberate the thermoplastic from the fabric and screening the resulting thermoplastic fabric mixture in a multi-deck vibratory screener into a coarse fabric segment, a thermoplastic fines segment and a third segment. The third segment is separated into a fabric fines segment and a coarse thermoplastic segment in, for example, an air classifier. The recovered thermoplastic coarse and fines segments can be reused in all applications for regrind thermoplastic material. | ||||||
| 334 | Coal composition | US295755 | 1981-08-24 | US4377392A | 1983-03-22 | Lester G. Massey; Robert I. Brabets; William A. Abel |
| A shattered hydrocarbonaceous product comprising a mixture of discrete comminuted hydrocarbonaceous particles having a volumetric mean particle size equivalent to less than about 5 microns in diameter separate from or in admixture with discrete inorganic and mineral particles having a mean particle size substantially the same as in the unshattered original solid is disclosed. The shattered product is produced by the explosive comminution of a slurry of fluid permeable hydrocarbonaceous solid which was heated and pressurized to supercritical conditions and then permitted to suddenly expand. The product hydrocarbonaceous fraction is substantially scissioned from the mineral fraction and has a lower density, greater solvent solubility and different reactivity to oxygen than does the feed solid. This hydrocarbonaceous fraction also includes a subfraction of particles having a particle size, by volume distribution, of less than about 2 microns in diameter which contain substantially no sulfur compounds. In addition, the product hydrocarbonaceous fraction has a solubility in methanol at least about twice that of a product produced by explosive comminution at sub-critical conditions. | ||||||
| 335 | Method for removing undesired components from coal | US261470 | 1981-05-07 | US4364740A | 1982-12-21 | Lester G. Massey; Robert I. Brabets; William A. Abel |
| A process is disclosed for treating a fluid-permeable hydrocarbonaceous solid, such as coal, containing an admixture of hydrocarbonaceous components and mineral and sulfur components, to separate the solid into a hydrocarbonaceous enriched fraction and a mineral and sulfur enriched fraction. The process involves comminuting the solid in the presence of a low molecular weight alcohol under conditions sufficient to substantially scission the hydrocarbonaceous components from the mineral and sulfur components and to selectively comminute the hydrocarbonaceous components. The resultant product is thereafter separated into the enriched hydrocarbonaceous fraction and the enriched mineral and sulfur fraction.In a preferred embodiment of the process, the hydrocarbonaceous solid is mixed with a low molecular weight alcohol, such as methanol, to form a slurry. The slurry is then heated and pressurized to a temperature and pressure above the critical temperature and pressure of the alcohol. In particularly preferred form, the slurry is heated for a sufficient length of time to form: (1) a dissolved portion of the hydrocarbonaceous components in alcohol; (2) an undissolved suspended portion of hydrocarbonaceous material saturated with the alcohol; and (3) a discrete undissolved suspended portion of the mineral components. The superheated slurry is thereafter expanded, preferably by a substantially instantaneous adiabatic expansion, most preferably in the presence of a sulfur scavenger compound. The result is a selective precipitation, comminution and production of substantially mineral and sulfur free, ultra-fine hydrocarbonaceous particles in admixture with discrete relatively larger mineral particles. | ||||||
| 336 | Method for separating undesired components from coal by an explosion type comminution process | US127740 | 1980-03-06 | US4313737A | 1982-02-02 | Lester G. Massey; Robert I. Brabets; William A. Abel |
| A process for the fractionation of a porous or fluid-permeable hydrocarbonaceous solid, such as coal, containing an admixture of mineral matter and hydrocarbonaceous matter, into a separate mineral enriched fraction and a separate hydrocarbonaceous enriched fraction is disclosed. In this process, the hydrocarbonaceous solid is comminuted to convert the hydrocarbonaceous matter in the coal into discrete particles having a mean volumetric diameter of less than about 5 microns without substantially altering the size of the mineral matter originally present in the coal. As a result of this comminution, the hydrocarbonaceous particles can be fractionated from the mineral particles to provide a hydrocarbon fraction having a lesser concentration of minerals than in the original uncomminuted material and a mineral fraction having a higher concentration of minerals than in the original uncomminuted material.A preferred method for comminuting the porous or fluid-permeable hydrocarbonaceous solid, i.e. coal, is to first form a slurry of coal and a fluid such as water. This slurry is then heated and pressurized to temperatures and pressures in excess of the critical temperature and pressure of the fluid.The resultant supercritically heated and pressurized slurry is then passed to an expansion zone maintained at a lower pressure, preferably about ambient pressure, to effect comminution or shattering of the solid by the rapid expansion or explosion of the fluid forced into the coal during the heating and pressurization of the slurry.The supercritical conditions employed produce a shattered product comprising a mixture of discrete comminuted hydrocarbonaceous particles having a volumetric mean particle size equivalent to less than about 5 microns in diameter and discrete inorganic and mineral particles having a mean particle size substantially unchanged from that in the original solid. This mineral fraction, in turn, is then fractionated from the hydrocarbonaceous fraction. | ||||||
| 337 | Process for purifying sodium hydroxide | US901032 | 1978-04-28 | USRE30411E | 1980-10-07 | Keiichi Nakaya; Suekazu Hirata; Kunio Sato |
| An aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide containing soluble impurities such as a concentrated catholyte produced by a diaphragm electrolysis is cooled by a coolant or a heat-exchanger to form a slurry containing sodium hydroxide hydrate crystals and fine impurity crystals. The fine impurity crystals are adsorbed on bubbles which are formed by vaporizing a dissolved coolant or introducing a gas in the slurry and separated from the slurry. | ||||||
| 338 | Ore treatment involving a halo-metallization process | US128072 | 1971-03-25 | US4062675A | 1977-12-13 | Abraham A. Dor |
| A pyrometallurgical process for the treatment of ores, particularly lateritic nickel ores containing nickel oxide and/or nickel silicate, employing halide and metallic iron, and optionally carbon, for extraction of the metal in concentrate form easily recoverable by magnetic separation procedures. | ||||||
| 339 | Sulfidization reaction | US506570 | 1974-09-16 | US4008072A | 1977-02-15 | Martin C. Kuhn; John A. Stephens; Michael J. Noakes; Allen D. Rovig |
| The process of sulfidizing an acid copper leach pulp prior to flotation recovery of the copper therein comprising adding to and admixing with said pulp in a reaction zone an ionizable sulfide material, said sulfide material being added in an amount proportional to the amount of copper passing through said zone so that the sulfidization reaction is completed within about 30 seconds and the pulp leaving said zone has an aqueous copper concentration of from about 0.014 to 0.024 gram per liter and a reactor for such process comprising elongated tubular means, shaft means mounted in said tubular means, and a plurality of blade members attached to said shaft, said blade members being spaced along said shaft at approximately 30.degree. pitch angles relative to the axial direction of the shaft and there being a reverse pitch direction of a certain of said blades at predetermined distances along the length of said shaft. | ||||||
| 340 | Electrical preconditioning in a selective flotation of sulfide ores | US431926 | 1974-01-09 | US3933625A | 1976-01-20 | Ikuo Nagano; Kozo Saitoh |
| A flotation method for sulfide ores in which, prior to sulfide ore flotation for effecting a mutual separation of the ore constituents, there is carried out a pre-treatment or conditioning step by applying d-c current to the sulfide ore slurry by means of an electrode in order to depress the floatability of certain of the ore constituents. | ||||||
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