子分类：
| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 101 | METHOD FOR INACTIVATING SODIUM METAL | US15313667 | 2015-05-29 | US20170209905A1 | 2017-07-27 | Hideaki ITO; Toru ARAKAWA; Takahiro AIBA |
| A method for cleaning a storage tank to which sodium metal is adherent, the method containing: filling, with an inert oil, the storage tank to which sodium metal is adherent; subsequently adding water, water vapor, or a humidified inert gas to the inert oil; providing a gas discharge line to the storage tank and measuring the hydrogen gas concentration in the gas discharge line; regulating the amount of the water, water vapor, or humidified inert gas to be added per hour in accordance with the level of the hydrogen gas concentration; regulating the temperature of the inert oil to 0-98° C.; and converting the sodium metal into caustic soda while changing the liquid surface level of the inert oil in parallel with addition of the water, water vapor, or humidified inert gas to the inert oil. | ||||||
| 102 | Product capable of transforming a toxic, corrosive or environmentally harmful liquid product into a harmless or non-aggressive residue | US10091865 | 2002-03-06 | US06982239B2 | 2006-01-03 | Marie-Claude Meyer; Laurence Mathieu; Joël Blomet |
| The invention relates to a product capable of transforming a toxic, corrosive or environmentally harmful liquid product into a harmless or non-aggressive residue comprising: at least one amphoteric selected in such a way that: the pH of the residue obtained is within the range of from 5 to 10, preferably from 5.5 to 9.7, the lowest of the acidic pK values of the amphoteric is within the range of from 5 to 10, preferably from 5.5 to 9.7, and the highest of the basic pK values of the amphoteric is within the range of from 5 to 10 and preferably from 5 to 8, and the highest of the basic pK values of the amphoteric is lower than the lowest of the acidic pK values, at least one lipophilic absorbent and at least one hydrophilic absorbent. | ||||||
| 103 | Method for processing aluminum spent potliner in a graphite electrode ARC furnace | US09596438 | 2000-06-19 | US06498282B1 | 2002-12-24 | William K. O'Connor; Paul C. Turner; Gerald W. Addison |
| A method of processing spent aluminum pot liner containing carbon, cyanide compositions, fluorides and inorganic oxides. The spent aluminum pot liner is crushed iron oxide is added to form an agglomerated material. The agglomerated material is melted in an electric arc furnace having the electrodes submerged in the molten material to provide a reducing environment during the furnace operation. In the reducing environment, pot liner is oxidized while the iron oxides are reduced to produce iron and a slag substantially free of cyanide compositions and fluorides. An off-gas including carbon oxides and fluorine is treated in an air pollution control system with an afterburner and a scrubber to produce NaF, water and a gas vented to the atmosphere free of cyanide compositions, fluorine and CO. | ||||||
| 104 | Method and compositions for stabilization of heavy metals, acid gas removal and pH control in contaminated matrices | US09492795 | 2000-01-28 | US06388165B1 | 2002-05-14 | Vasanth K. Bhat |
| A method for treating a heavy metal-contaminated solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous matrix, comprising contacting the matrix with an inorganic-sulfur containing material selected from the group consisting of magnesium sulfite, calcium magnesium sulfite, and mixtures thereof as well as with scrubber magnesium product. | ||||||
| 105 | Method and apparatus for treating salt streams | US09096873 | 1998-06-12 | US06171509B2 | 2001-01-09 | Roy Nelson McBrayer, Jr.; Lars Henning Tidlund; Lars Berhil Stenmark |
| A method for avoiding the precipitation of salts from a salt containing water stream prior to the stream reaching a supercritical water reactor is presented. The salt containing water stream is preferably kept at temperatures below supercritical conditions as the stream is transferred to the reactor. After the salt stream reaches the reactor the temperature of the salt stream is preferably raised to the appropriate temperature by mixing the salt stream, within the reactor, with a second stream that has been heated above the supercritical temperature of water. Alternatively, a method for preventing the clogging of the conduits upstream from the reactor may involve the mixing of two subcritical waste streams. One stream may include salts, the other preferably includes oxidizable material. The heat produced by the reaction of the oxidizable materials within the reactor preferably allows the mixture to remain at supercritical conditions for a time sufficient to oxidize substantially all of the oxidizable material. | ||||||
| 106 | Waste processing method and waste processing apparatus | US136589 | 1998-08-19 | US6090291A | 2000-07-18 | Yoshie Akai; Yoshikazu Matsubayashi; Yasushi Yamaguchi; Kazuya Yamada; Atsushi Ohara |
| A waste processing method decomposing an organic substance or an inorganic substance contained in organic wastes or inorganic wastes by holding a mixture of the organic wastes or the inorganic wastes and a medium, which is in its supercritical state, for a pre-determined time period, in which the hydrogen ion concentration of the medium is 10.sup.-4 mol or more to 1 kg of the medium.A waste processing method having a step of decomposing all or almost all of an organic substance included in organic wastes into lower-molecular-weight products by holding the organic wastes in a medium, which is in its supercritical state, for a pre-determined time and a step of oxidizing and decomposing the lower-molecular-weight products into carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and/or water (H.sub.2 O) by holding a mixture of an oxidant and the lower-molecular-weight products in the medium, which is in its subcritical state, for a pre-determined time period. | ||||||
| 107 | Method for solidifying and sealing in a toxic substance with sulfur | US982469 | 1997-12-02 | US6083431A | 2000-07-04 | Yoshikatsu Ikari; Takuya Yamato; Chujiro Nishida; Katsuyoshi Toyofuku; Toshiyuki Kokubu |
| A method for manufacturing materials solidified with sulfur, comprising the steps of bringing the water content of a mixture of sulfur and a raw material to less than 3% by weight, heating and mixing the mixture of raw materials including molten sulfur at 119 to 159.degree. C., to cause the sulfur to penetrate and encapsulate the raw material that is solid or liquid at the molecular level, thereby preparing a fluid mixture, and, if necessary, then molding the mixture into a desired shape or cooling it into a granular form. | ||||||
| 108 | Reaction control method using carbon soot molecules and organometallic complexes in excited state | US928417 | 1997-09-12 | US5976477A | 1999-11-02 | Satoru Isoda; Toshiyuki Kamiya; Yoshio Hanazato; Akira Ikeda |
| A method and an apparatus for controlling reactions of a gas and a fluid that makes use of excellent reactivity of carbon soot molecules, metal porphyrin complexes and metal phthalocyanin complexes which are in an excited state has an arrangement that the carbon soot molecules, the metal porphyrin complexes and the metal phthalocyanin complexes which are excited by a physico-chemical method, such as light irradiation, and a gas containing oxygen are brought into contact with each other to generate active oxygen. Further, the gas containing the harmful substance and a fluid are brought into contact with each other so that direct reactions of the active oxygen and the excited molecules decompose the harmful substances. | ||||||
| 109 | Process for insolubilizing and consolidating spent linings from hall-heroult electrolysis cells | US977537 | 1997-11-25 | US5947888A | 1999-09-07 | Pierre Personnet; Gilbert Bouzat |
| Process for insolubilizing and consolidating in pellet form the spent linings from electrolysis cells for the production of aluminium comprising grinding said spent linings and mixing them thoroughly with various pulverulent refractory additives before heating, characterized in that after the addition of:a first additive intended to fix the alkali metals during firing, which is chosen from the group of aluminosilicates,and subsequently a second additive intended firstly to combine with the impregnating fluoride compounds during firing to form new stable, insoluble compounds, and secondly through its non-combined excess part to assure the consolidation of the mixture, and is chosen from the group of calcium oxides and salts, preferably limestone cements and mortars,the intimate mixture of ground, spent linings and said first and second pulverulent additives is agglomerated into pellet form before firing at a temperature in the range of from 700.degree. C. to 950.degree. C. | ||||||
| 110 | Compositions to remove heavy metals and radioactive isotopes from wastewater | US704127 | 1996-08-28 | US5880060A | 1999-03-09 | Barbara Blake; Alexander Blake; William John Lacy |
| Treatment compositions and a method are provided for the removal of a plurality of heavy metals and radioactive isotopes from wastewater. The treatment compositions comprise an alkali; adsorbents, such as montmorillonite and illite clays; catalysts, such as polyelectrolytes and sodium carbonate; one or more flocculants, such as a metal salt and calcium hydroxide; zirconium as a chelating and complexing agent; and boron as a neutron absorbent. The selected composition is introduced into and mixed with the wastewater, which is then filtered to produce a sludge containing the contaminants. | ||||||
| 111 | Treatment of waste | US360732 | 1995-01-27 | US5640708A | 1997-06-17 | David Stewart Conochie; Robin John Batterham; Terry Alan Matthews |
| A method of treating inorganic solid waste in a bath of molten metal contained in a vessel (3) which has a space above the bath and a waste gas outlet (11) is disclosed. The method comprises injecting waste into the bath to form a primary reaction zone (13) in which there are reactions between the waste and the bath or in which the waste undergoes a change of phase to convert the waste into more readily recoverable or disposable products. The method further comprises injecting oxygen-containing gas towards the surface of the bath to form a secondary reaction zone (17) in a section above the bath through which oxidisable products released from the primary reaction zone (13) flow to reach the waste gas outlet (11) in the vessel (3) and in which the oxidisable products are oxidised and the heat released by such oxidation is transferred into the bath. | ||||||
| 112 | Method of and system for treating mixed radioactive and hazardous wastes | US299603 | 1994-09-01 | US5640702A | 1997-06-17 | Clifford G. Shultz |
| There is disclosed an improved method and system for the selective treatment and volume reduction of mixtures of gaseous, liquid and solid contaminated waste materials. The contaminated waste materials include mixtures of hazardous and/or radioactive wastes which react with selected active reducing metals in liquid form, preferably aluminum. | ||||||
| 113 | System for controlling chemical reaction in a molten metal bath | US319950 | 1994-10-07 | US5505143A | 1996-04-09 | Christopher J. Nagel |
| A method and a system is disclosed for controlling chemical reaction of a feed. The feed is directed into a reactor containing a molten metal bath to at least partially chemically react the feed to form an intermediate component. A portion of the intermediate component is combined with an off-gas which is emitted from the molten metal bath. At least a portion of the intermediate is then separated from the off-gas and returned to the molten metal bath. The returned intermediate component is then substantially converted to its atomic constituents. The atomic constituents subsequently exothermically react with other components of the molten metal bath for reaction to form compounds which are substantially stable at the operating conditions of the system, thereby allowing control of chemical reaction of the feed. | ||||||
| 114 | Method for separating compounds in process streams | US255338 | 1994-06-07 | US5440058A | 1995-08-08 | William C. Hoffman; John P. Dever |
| A method, especially applicable on a continuous basis to commercial process streams, for treating unwanted by-products and/or impurities contained in those streams. The method comprises the reaction in situ of such by-products or impurities with a reagent, preferably selected for its reactivity under ambient conditions of the process stream, to produce one or more materials which may then be separated from the process by economical means. The treated stream may be recycled to the process for further processing. While the method is not limited as to the process to which it is applied nor to the reagent or reagents used, in one convenient embodiment, formaldehyde in aqueous solution is reacted with an alkali metal sulfite or bisulfite to produce the corresponding salt, which may then be separated essentially completely by, e.g., distillation or membrane separation, etc., or its concentration in the process may be controlled by, e.g., continuous removal of a purge stream, etc. | ||||||
| 115 | Method for dissociating waste in a packed bed reactor | US267295 | 1994-06-27 | US5435982A | 1995-07-25 | Mark A. Wilkinson |
| A method for dissociating waste to its atomic constituents in a molten metal bath wherein the molten metal bath includes a refractory packing. The refractory packing is disposed in the molten metal bath to restrict the flow of waste and waste dissociation products through the molten metal and around the refractory packing to tortuous flow paths. | ||||||
| 116 | Fixant for mixed organic and inorganic contaminated materials and method for using same | US955297 | 1992-10-01 | US5430235A | 1995-07-04 | Carel W. J. Hooykaas; Jeffrey P. Newton |
| A toxic waste fixant for detoxification of a contaminated material includes a mixture of ferric sulfate, manganese sulfate, organophilic clays, an oxidizer and aluminium sulfate. The respective amounts are preferably about 15-19% b.w. of ferric sulfate, about 15-19% b.w. of manganese sulfate, about 37-46% b.w. of organophilic clay, about 16-19% b.w. of an oxidizer and about 0-12,5% b.w. of alumimium sulfate. All or part of the ingredients in said fixant may be added as a pretreatment into contaminated materials such as soils, sediments, or sludges. This pretreatment can range from 0 to 100% b.w. to said material. The fixant is blended with various amounts of Portland cement, and/or blast furnace slag, or lime, or gypsum, or coal fly ash, or cement kiln dust as a means to derive a chemical fixation treatment for contaminated soils, sediments, and sludges to prevent the leaching of organic and inorganic compounds and elements. | ||||||
| 117 | Method of immobilizing contaminants in the soil or in materials similar to the soil | US103878 | 1993-08-09 | US5413616A | 1995-05-09 | Friedrich Bolsing |
| A method of immobilizing a contaminant comprising mixing the contaminant with a reaction partner that is capable of chemically interacting with the contaminant to form a water-insoluble reaction product, the reaction partner being mixed in the form of a hydrophobic solid preparation, which is either obtained by grinding the reaction partner with an inert material and treating it with a hydrophobing agent or which contains the educt or reaction product of a dispersion by chemical reaction preliminarily treated with a hydrophobing agent, the mixing being conducted to form a soil or soil-like material with cohesive constituents of a clay-like structure. | ||||||
| 118 | Method of indirect chemical reduction of metals in waste | US033846 | 1993-03-19 | US5358549A | 1994-10-25 | Christopher J. Nagel; Robert D. Bach |
| An environmentally sound process is described for the remediation of waste materials that allows the separation, recovery and decontamination of metals. The method includes chemically reducing essentially all of a reducible toxic and potentially hazardous metal-containing component of a waste composition. The waste is directed into a molten metal bath, including a first reducing agent which, under the operating conditions of the molten metal bath, chemically reduces a metal of the metal-containing component to form a dissolved intermediate. A second reducing agent is directed into the molten metal bath. The second reducing agent, under the operations of the molten metal bath, chemically reduces the metal of the dissolved intermediate. The rate at which the second reducing agent is directed into the molten metal bath, relative to the rate at which the component of the waste is directed into the molten metal bath, is sufficient to cause essentially all metal-containing intermediate formed to dissolve in the molten metal bath, thereby indirectly chemically reducing the component of the waste. This indirect reduction technology can remediate a variety of materials, including ash metal-contaminated municipal waste, vitreous slag-like materials and spent metal catalysts, while allowing the recovery of remediable metals. | ||||||
| 119 | Toxic waste fixant and method for using same | US955296 | 1992-10-01 | US5347077A | 1994-09-13 | Carel W. J. Hooykaas; Jeffrey P. Newton |
| A toxic waste fixant for detoxification of a contaminated soil, sediment, and or sludge material includes a mixture of: ferric and/or ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, and/or aluminium sulfate and/or Portland cement, and/or gypsum (calcium sulfate), and/or blast furnace slag, and/or lime (calcium oxide). Fixants made from mixtures of the above compounds are designed to prevent leaching in excess of regulatory standards for specified inorganic and organic toxic compounds and elements. These fixants will also reduce the concentration of most organic toxic compounds through various chemical reactions and bonding as determined by solvent extractions and analysis by GC/MS. The ferric and/or ferrous sulfate may be partially or completely replaced by cobalt sulfate, whereas instead of the respective sulfates the corresponding chlorides may be used as well. | ||||||
| 120 | Method and system for oxidizing hydrogen- and carbon-containing feed in a molten bath of immiscible metals | US963306 | 1992-10-16 | US5298233A | 1994-03-29 | Christopher J. Nagel |
| A method and a system for catalytically converting a hydrogen component in a hydrogen- and carbon-containing feed to dissolved hydrogen and for oxidizing the dissolved hydrogen to water is disclosed. Hydrogen- and carbon-containing feed, such as municipal garbage, low grade fuel oil and organic or inorganic sludge, is introduced to a molten bath system. The molten bath system includes first and second immiscible molten metal phases. Carbon and hydrogen component in the feed are converted to dissolved carbon and dissolved hydrogen, respectively. The dissolved carbon is oxidized in the first molten metal phase to carbon monoxide, which then migrates out of the first molten metal phase. As dissolved hydrogen accumulates in the first molten metal phase, it nucleates and migrates to the second molten metal phase, where it is oxidized and forms water vapor. | ||||||
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