子分类：
| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 181 | Visualizing method for three dimensional standing wave sound field | US494391 | 1990-03-16 | USRE33771E | 1991-12-17 | Hideto Mitome |
| A visualizing method for three dimensional standing wave sound field comprises the steps of mixing into a liquid medium a large number of fine particles of the same density as said liquid medium and exposing the liquid medium containing the fine particles to a three dimensional standing wave sound field produced by ultrasonic waves thus causing the fine particles to move to positions where the amplitude of the sound pressure is minimum, the sound pressure distribution of the three dimensional standing wave sound field being visualized by the distribution of the fine particles. | ||||||
| 182 | Ultrasonic systems | US530899 | 1990-05-30 | US5033033A | 1991-07-16 | Cornelius J. Schram |
| A method of establishing an ultrasonic standing wave in a fluid medium is described in which the standing wave is produced by an acoustic energy output along a path extending through the fluid medium, the frequency of said energy output being changed cyclically while maintaining an essentially constant mean frequency. The cyclic frequency change sweeps said energy output frequency between upper and lower limits that represent a difference of at least one half-wavelength at the mean acoustic frequency over the length of said path, so that a fully resonant standing wave appears in each cycle, regardless of transient ambient variations. For stability, the cycle time of the sweep is maintained substantially greater than the travel time of the acoustic energy output over the length of the path. | ||||||
| 183 | Acoustic positioning and orientation prediction | US271265 | 1988-11-15 | US4964303A | 1990-10-23 | Martin B. Barmatz; Glenn Aveni; Seth Putterman; Joseph Rudnick |
| A method for use with an acoustic positioner, which enables a determination of the equilibrium position and orientation which an object assumes in a zero gravity environment, as well as restoring forces and torques on the object, of an object of arbitrary shape in a chamber of arbitrary configuration. An acoustic standing wave field is established in the chamber, and the object is held at several different positions near the expected equilibrium position. While the object is held at each position, the center resonant frequency of the chamber is determined, by noting which frequency results in the greatest pressure of the acoustic field. The object position which results in the lowest center resonant frequency, is the equilibrium position. The orientation of a nonspherical object is similarly determined, by holding the object in a plurality of different orientations at its equilibrium position, and noting the center resonant frequency for each orientation. The orientation which results in the lowest center resonant frequency is the equilibrium orientation. Where the acoustic frequency is constant but the chamber length is variable, the equilibrium position or orientation is that which results in the greatest chamber length at the center resonant frequency. | ||||||
| 184 | Ultrasonic field generating device | US348189 | 1989-05-08 | US4941135A | 1990-07-10 | Cornelius J. Schram |
| A liquid column (2) is placed between two high-frequency ultrasound sources (6) in the field of a standing wave produced by the sources. Each source produces a convergent beam that compensates for a substantial part of the attenuation of the ultrasound energy that occurs at higher frequencies. It is thereby possible to increase considerably the axial distance along the standing wave over which streaming effects due to acoustic pressure are absent or negligible. It is also possible to increase the angle of convergence to compensate for divergence of the outputs from the sources. | ||||||
| 185 | Visualizing method for three dimensional standing wave sound field | US258763 | 1988-10-17 | US4878210A | 1989-10-31 | Hideto Mitome |
| A visualizing method for three dimensional standing wave sound field comprises the steps of mixing into a liquid medium a large number of fine particles of the same density as said liquid medium and exposing the liquid medium containing the fine aparticles to a three dimensional standing wave sound field produced by ultrasonic waves thus causing the fine particles to move to positions where the amplitude of the sound pressure is minimum, the sound pressure distribution of the three dimensional standing wave sound field being visualized by the distribution of the fine particles. | ||||||
| 186 | Manipulating particulate matter | US153833 | 1988-01-27 | US4877516A | 1989-10-31 | Cornelius J. Schram |
| An acoustic standing wave is established in a fluid medium with a varying energy density in its nodal planes. Particles in the fluid medium responsive to the acoustic energy accumulate at these nodal planes and by the action of the variations of energy density in conjunction with the fluid viscous forces and/or field forces acting in the direction of the nodal planes, the movement of the particles held at these planes can be controlled. The adverse effects of attenuation of the acoustic beams producing the standing wave are reduced in this system, because any streaming due to imbalance of the acoustic forces forming the standing wave does not act in the direction in which the movement of the particles can be controlled. | ||||||
| 187 | Acoustic controlled rotation and orientation | US924297 | 1986-10-29 | US4800756A | 1989-01-31 | Martin B. Barmatz; James L. Allen |
| Acoustic energy is applied to a pair of locations spaced about a chamber, to control rotation of an object levitated in the chamber. Two acoustic transducers applying energy of a single acoustic mode, one at each location, can (one or both) serve to levitate the object in three dimensions as well as control its rotation. Slow rotation is achieved by initially establishing a large phase difference and/or pressure ratio of the acoustic waves, which is sufficient to turn the object by more than 45.degree., which is immediately followed by reducing the phase difference and/or pressure ratio to maintain slow rotation. A small phase difference and/or pressure ratio enables control of the angular orientation of the object without rotating it. The sphericity of an object can be measured by its response to the acoustic energy. | ||||||
| 188 | Acoustic lens arrangement | US877752 | 1986-06-24 | US4779241A | 1988-10-18 | Abdullah Atalar; Hayrettin Koeymen |
| An acoustic lens arrangement having at least one transducer for the generation and/or for the reception of a plane acoustic wavefield. The arrangement includes a focusing surface for focusing the acoustic wavefield in an object region and at least one medium for the low-loss transmission of the acoustic wavefield between a transducer, the focusing surface and the object region to be investigated. The longitudinal axis of the focusing surface is inclined relative to the direction of the normal to the acoustic wavefield in such a manner that when the longitudinal axis is positioned normal to the surface of the object region, the acoustic beams incident thereon form a critical angle .theta..sub.R with the normal to the surface of the object. | ||||||
| 189 | Controlled sample orientation and rotation in an acoustic levitator | US87359 | 1987-08-20 | US4777823A | 1988-10-18 | Martin B. Barmatz; Mark S. Gaspar; Eugene H. Trinh |
| A system is described for use with acoustic levitators, which can prevent rotation of a levitated object or control its orientation and/or rotation. The acoustic field is made nonsymmetrical about the axis of the levitator, to produce an orienting torque that resists sample rotation. In one system, a perturbating reflector is located on one side of the axis of the levitator, at a location near the levitated object. In another system, the main reflector surface towards which incoming acoustic waves are directed is nonsymmetrically curved about the axis of the levitator. The levitated object can be reoriented or rotated in a controlled manner by repositioning the reflector producing the nonsymmetry. | ||||||
| 190 | Single mode levitation and translation | US789266 | 1985-10-18 | US4736815A | 1988-04-12 | Martin B. Barmatz; James L. Allen |
| An apparatus is described for acoustically levitating an object within a chamber by the application of acoustic energy of a single frequency resonant mode, which enables smooth movement of the object and suppresses unwanted levitation modes that would urge the object to a different levitation position. A plunger forms one end of the chamber, and the frequency changes as the plunger moves. Acoustic energy is applied to opposite sides of the chamber, with the acoustic energy on opposite sides being substantially 180.degree. out of phase. | ||||||
| 191 | Vibrating-chamber levitation systems | US561433 | 1983-12-14 | US4549435A | 1985-10-29 | Martin B. Barmatz; Dan Granett; Mark C. Lee |
| Systems are described for the acoustic levitation of objects, which enable the use of a sealed rigid chamber to avoid contamination of the levitated object. The apparatus includes a housing forming a substantially closed chamber, and means for vibrating the entire housing at a frequency that produces an acoustic standing wave pattern within the chamber. | ||||||
| 192 | Surface acoustic wave device and method for producing the same | US248112 | 1981-03-27 | US4403202A | 1983-09-06 | Shoichi Minagawa |
| A surface acoustic wave device wherein a laminated structure comprised of a piezoelectric member and a metal electrode or electrodes is provided on a surface acoustic wave surface of an elastic body and an acoustic impedance discontinuous face is formed on the elastic body, so that a longitudinal wave generated by the laminated structure is reflected by the acoustic impedance discontinuous face to provide a transverse wave. | ||||||
| 193 | Acoustic suspension system | US272837 | 1981-06-12 | US4402221A | 1983-09-06 | Mark C. Lee; Taylor G. Wang |
| An acoustic levitation system is described, which can utilize a single acoustic source (12) and a small reflector (14) to stably levitate a small object (16) while the object is processed as by coating or heating it. The system includes a concave acoustic source (12) which has locations on opposite sides of its axis that vibrate towards and away from a focal point (36, FIG. 2) to generate a converging acoustic field. A small reflector (14) is located near the focal point, and preferably slightly beyond it, to create an intense acoustic field that stably supports a small object near the reflector. The reflector can be located about one-half wavelength (L, FIG. 3) from the focal point and can be concavely curved to a radius of curvature (L) of about one-half the wavelength, to stably support an object one-quarter wavelength (N) from the reflector. | ||||||
| 194 | Acoustic system for material transport | US314929 | 1981-10-26 | US4393708A | 1983-07-19 | Martin B. Barmatz; Eugene H. Trinh; Taylor G. Wang; Daniel D. Elleman; Nathan Jacobi |
| A system is described for acoustically moving an object within a chamber, by applying wavelengths of different modes to the chamber to move the object between pressure wells formed by the modes. In one system, the object (96, FIG. 7) is placed in a first end portion of the chamber while a resonant mode is applied along the length of the chamber that produces a pressure well (86) at that location. The frequency is then switched to a second mode that produces a pressure well (100) at the center of the chamber, to draw the object thereto. When the object reaches the second pressure well and is still travelling towards the second end of the chamber, the acoustic frequency is again shifted to a third mode (which may equal the first mode) that has a pressure well (106) in the second end portion of the chamber, to draw the object thereto. A heat source (108) may be located near the second end of the chamber to heat the sample, and after the sample is heated it can be cooled by moving it in a corresponding manner back to the first end portion of the chamber. The transducers (88, 98, 110) for levitating and moving the object may be all located at the cool first end of the chamber. | ||||||
| 195 | Method and apparatus for sonic separation and analysis of components of a fluid mixture | US93456 | 1979-11-13 | US4280823A | 1981-07-28 | Eugene L. Szonntagh |
| An apparatus and method for separating components of a fluid mixture of materials uses an acoustic or sonic generator attached to one end of a hollow tube, or column having a uniform internal diameter, to produce standing sonic waves within the column. The sonic waves act as so-called chromatographic plates with the plate height being equivalent to the wavelength, and the plate number in the column being equal to the total number of nodes in the column. The effective column length can be controlled by the use of moving sonic waves which by changing the direction of wave motion can enhance or attentuate the separation process to produce a variation in the apparent column length without changing the physical length of the ultrasonic column. A sample to be separated and a carrier fluid are introduced into the end of the column adjacent to the sonic generator while a fluid exit is provided in the other end of the column. The apparatus can also be used with the separation of components of atomized liquids and components of finely powdered solids. In this application the column could be upright to take advantage of gravity in addition to the sample sweeping action of the carrier fluid. Pressure detectors penetrating the column are used to detect any shifting of the sonic wave position and either the sonic generator is adjusted by a sonic controller responsive to output signals from the detectors so that a desired equilibrium is restored or the detector output signals are analyzed to identify the separated sample components. | ||||||
| 196 | Acoustic driving of rotor | US812447 | 1977-07-05 | US4139806A | 1979-02-13 | Hilda Kanber; Isadore Rudnick; Taylor G. Wang |
| Sound waves are utilized to apply torque to a body in an enclosure of square cross section, by driving two transducers located on perpendicular walls of an enclosure, at the same frequency but at a predetermined phase difference such as 90.degree.. The torque is a first order effect, so that large and controlled rotational speeds can be obtained. | ||||||
| 197 | Method and apparatus of simulating zero gravity conditions | US3526140D | 1969-03-11 | US3526140A | 1970-09-01 | LACKNER HELMUT G |
| 198 | Pressure wave generator | US3515093D | 1967-05-10 | US3515093A | 1970-06-02 | GREENE GEORGE BOYD |
| 199 | Telephony | US485859D | US485859A | 1892-11-08 | ||
| 200 | Island | US11001D | US11001A | 1854-06-06 | ||
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