High yield refuse separation system
阅读：381发布：2022-02-28
专利汇可以提供High yield refuse separation system专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且Means are provided for assisting separation of the lightweight material from the heavier weight material of refuse material in a system wherein the refuse material is delivered into the upper portion of a vertical separating chamber to drop down past a spreader and through a venturi throat between the spreader and the wall defining the chamber. The separation assisting means takes numerous forms, i.e., bypass passage means through the spreader member, a steadying device for the spreader member suspending rod, a bounce-deflection device below the chamber outlet and above a heavy material receiver, air streams from within a hollow rod passage through a declumper, flushing air streams from the upper conical deflecting surface of the spreader member, a deflector venturi ring device within the chamber below the spreader member, and supplementary high velocity flushing air streams directed through the descending material from the walls of the chamber below the spreader member.，下面是High yield refuse separation system专利的具体信息内容。
1. IN A PNEUMATIC REFUSE MATERIAL SEPERATION SYSTEM FOR SEPERATING LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIAL FROM HEAVIER WEIGHT MATERIAL: MEANS PROVIDING A VERTICAL SEPERATION CHAMBER DEFINED BY AN ELONGATED TUBULAR WALL OF SUBSTANTIAL DIAMTER WHICH IS UNCONSTRICTED THROUGHOUT ITS LENGTH TO A FREE OUTLET OPENING AT ITS LOWER END, A TUBULAR INLET THROUGH WHICH MATERIAL TO BE SEPERATED IS RECEIVED AND WHICH IS OF SMALLER DIAMETER THAN THE CHAMBER AND EXTEND TO A LIMIT EXTEND DOWNWARD WITHIN THE UPER PORTION OF THE CHAMBER, WITH A DISCHARGE END OF THE INLET OPENING FREELY ONWARDLY WITHIN, THE CHAMBER, MEANS FOR SUPPLYING MATERIAL TO BE SEPARATED INTO SAID INLET TO DROP THEREFROM THROUGH SAID DISCHARGE END TO DESCEND THROUGH THE CHAMBER TOWARD SAID OUTLET OPENING, A SUPPORTING ROD SUSPENDED AT ITS UPPER END ABOVE THE POINT AT WHICH SAID MEANS SUPPLYING MATERIAL INTRODUCES THE MATERIAL INTO SAID INLET, SAID ROD EXTENDING CONCENTRICALLY DOWNWARDLY THROUGH THE INLET WITH THE LOWER END OF THE ROD PROJECTING SUBSTANTIALLY BELOW THE DISCHARGE END OF THE INLET A SPREADER MEMBER SUSPENDED FROM THE LOWER END OF SAID ROD A SUBSTANTIAL DISTANCE BELOW AND CONCENTRIC WITH THE DISCHARGE END OF SAID INLET AND A SUBSTANTIAL DISTANCE ABOVE SAID OUTLET OPENING AND BEING OF SUVBSTANTIALLY THE SAME DIAMETER AS SAID DISCHARGE END OF THE INLET AND OF SMALLER DIAMETER THAN SAID WALL AND HAVING CONVERGENTLY RELATED CONCAL UPPER AND LOWER SURFACES, THE UPPER SURFACE PROVIDING A SPREADER SURFACE AND THE LOWER SURFACE PROVIDING AN AIR DEFLECTING SURFACE,
2. A system according to claim 1, wherein said means for assisting separation comprise a bounce-deflection device located under said outlet opening and above said receiving means.
3. A system according to claim 1, wherein said peripheral surface is provided with a longitudinal groove to assist in guiding a knife for separating material that may become wound onto the surface.
4. In a pneumatic refuse material separatiOn system for separating lightweight material from heavier weight material: means providing a vertical separation chamber defined by an elongated tubular wall of substantial diameter extending to a free outlet opening at its lower end; a tubular inlet through which material to be separated is received and which is of smaller diameter than the chamber and extends to a limited extent downwardly within the upper portion of the chamber, with a discharge end of the inlet opening freely downwardly within the chamber; means for supplying material to be separated into said inlet to drop therefrom through said discharge end to descend through the chamber toward said outlet opening; a spreader member mounted a substantial distance below and concentric with the discharge end of said inlet and a substantial distance above said outlet opening and being of smaller diameter than said wall and having convergently related conical upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface providing a spreader surface and the lower surface providing an air deflecting surface; said surfaces meeting in annularly spaced relation to said wall and defining an annular venturi throat with said wall; said chamber providing an air flow passage upwardly through the chamber from said outlet opening to the top of the chamber; means for effecting material-separating air flow upwardly through said outlet opening and said chamber passage and past said spreader member, through the venturi throat and then past said inlet and out from the top of the chamber, to separate the lightweight material from the heavier weight material; means for receiving heavier weight material which drops from said outlet opening; and means for assisting separation of the lightweight material from the heavier weight material comprising a plurality of tubular bypass passages extending upwardly through said spreader member and having entry openings through said conical lower surface and exit openings from said upper conical surface, the total cross-sectional area of said bypass passages being less than the flow area of said venturi throat and permitting lightweight material to escape upwardly from the area under the spreader which might otherwise cause stagnation thereof due to the rush of heavier material cascading through said venturi throat.
5. A system according to claim 4, including deflection means above said exit openings of the bypass passages and below said inlet to avoid descending heavy material from interfering with flushing action of said bypass passages.
6. A system according to claim 5, wherein said deflection means comprise a declumper having a plurality of vane elements provided with deflecting surfaces overlying said exit openings in substantially spaced relation above said spreader.
7. In a pneumatic refuse material separation system for separating lightweight material from heavier weight material: means providing a vertical separation chamber defined by an elongated tubular wall of substantial diameter which is unconstricted throughout its length to a free outlet opening at its lower end; a tubular inlet through which material to be separated is received and which is of smaller diameter than the chamber and extends to a limited extent downwardly within the upper portion of the chamber, with a discharge end of the inlet opening freely downwardly within the chamber; means for supplying material to be separated into said inlet to drop therefrom through said discharge end to descend through the chamber toward said outlet opening; a supporting rod suspended at its upper end above the point at which said means supplying material introduces the material into said inlet, said rod extending concentrically downwardly through the inlet with the lower end of the rod projecting substantially below the discharge end of the inlet; a spreader member suspended from the lower end of said rod a substantial distance below and concentric with the discharge end of said inlet and a substantial distance above said outlet opening and being of substantially the same diameter as said discharge end of the inlet and of smaller diameter than said wall and having convergently related conical upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface providing a spreader surface and the lower surface providing an air deflecting surface; said surfaces meeting in annularly spaced relation to said wall and defining an annular venturi throat with said wall; said chamber providing an air flow passage upwardly through the chamber from said outlet opening to the top of the chamber; means for effecting material-separating air flow upwardly through said outlet opening and said chamber passage and past said spreader member, through the venturi throat and then past said inlet and out from the top of the chamber, to separate the lightweight material from the heavier weight material; means for receiving heavier weight material which drops from said outlet opening; and means for assisting separation of the lightweight material from the heavier weight material comprising said rod being of hollow tubular construction to provide a passage for flushing air under pressure, there being air ports in said upper conical surface of the spreader member and passage means for air from the interior of the tubular rod to said ports to issue as flushing streams from the interior of the spreader member outwardly from the upper conical surface to promote flushing of fine material in the area of the chamber above said venturi passage.
8. A system according to claim 7, including a declumper comprising radially extending vertical circumferentially spaced vanes carried by the rod below said outlet opening and above said spreader member, and ports opening from said rod to issue air streams therefrom between said vanes.
9. In a pneumatic refuse material separation system for separating lightweight material from heavier weight material: means providing a vertical separation chamber defined by an elongated tubular wall of substantial diameter which is unconstricted throughout its length to a free outlet opening at its lower end; a tubular inlet through which material to be separated is received and which is of smaller diameter than the chamber and extends to a limited extend downwardly within the upper portion of the chamber, with a discharge end of the inlet opening freely downwardly within the chamber; means for supplying material to be separated into said inlet to drop therefrom through said discharge end to descend through the chamber toward said outlet opening; a supporting rod suspended at its upper end above the point at which said means supplying material introduces the material into said inlet, said rod extending concentrically downwardly through the inlet with the lower end of the rod projecting substantially below the discharge end of the inlet; a spreader member mounted a substantial distance below and concentric with the discharge end of said inlet and a substantial distance above said outlet opening and being of substantially the same diameter as said discharge end of the inlet and of smaller diameter than said wall and having convergently related conical upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface providing a spreader surface and the lower surface providing an air deflecting surface; said surfaces meeting in annularly spaced relation to said wall and defining an annular venturi throat with said wall; said chamber providing an air flow passage upwardly through the chamber from said outlet opening to the top of the chamber; means for effecting material-separating air flow upwardly through said outlet opening and said chamber passage and past said spreader member, through the venturi throat and then past said inlet and out from the top of the chamber, to separate the lightweight material from the heavier weight material; means for receiving heavier weight material which drops from said outlet opening; said supporting rod being of hollow tubular structure providing a pressure air passage; a declumper comprising radially extending vertical circumferentially spaced vanes carried by the rod below said outlet opening and above said spreader member; and ports opening from said rod for issuing air streams therefrom between said vanes for assisting separation of lightweight fractions of material from heavier weight fractions of material descending from said inlet onto, through and past the declumper.
10. A system according to claim 9, wherein said tubular rod communicates with the interior of the spreader member, said spreader member having air ports in said upper conical surface, and means for transferring pressure air from the tubular rod through the spreader member and out through said ports to issue as flushing streams.
11. In a pneumatic refuse material separation system for separating lightweight material from heavier weight material: means providing a vertical separation chamber defined by an elongated tubular wall of substantial diameter which is unconstricted throughout its length to a free outlet opening at its lower end; a tubular inlet through which material to be separated is received and which is of smaller diameter than the chamber and extends to a limited extent downwardly within the upper portion of the chamber, with a discharge end of the inlet opening freely downwardly within the chamber; means for supplying material to be separated into said inlet to drop therefrom through said discharge end to descend through the chamber toward said outlet opening; a supporting rod suspended at its upper end above the point at which said means supplying material introduces the material into said inlet, said rod extending concentrically downwardly through the inlet with the lower end of the rod projecting substantially below the discharge end of the inlet; a spreader member suspended from the lower end of said rod a substantial distance below and concentric with the discharge end of said inlet and a substantial distance above said outlet opening and being of substantially the same diameter as said discharge end of the inlet and of smaller diameter than said wall and having convergently related conical upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface providing a spreader surface and the lower surface providing an air deflecting surface; said surfaces meeting in annularly spaced relation to said wall and defining an annular venturi throat with said wall; said chamber providing an air flow passage upwardly through the chamber from said outlet opening to the top of the chamber; means for effecting material-separating air flow upwardly through said outlet opening and said chamber passage and past said spreader member, through the venturi throat and then past said inlet and out from the top of the chamber, to separate the lightweight material from the heavier weight material; means for receiving heavier weight material which drops from said outlet opening; and means for assisting separation of the lightweight material from the heavier weight material comprising an annular deflector and venturi ring device carried by said wall to project concentrically inwardly therefrom substantially below said spreader member and above said outlet opening.
12. A system according to claim 11, wherein said device comprises a plurality of matching segments attached to said wall.
13. A system according to claim 11, wherein said annular deflector and venturi ring device comprises a plurality of cooperating elements, and means for deflecting said elements into a nonoperating position.
14. A system according to claim 11, wherein said wall is provided with an annular recess, said device comprising a plurality of cooperating segmental elements shiftably adjustably mounted in said recess, and means for securing the segments in adjusted position in said recess.
15. A system according to claim 11, including a plurality of flushing air stream ports in saId wall below said venturi ring and adapted to direct air streams generally toward the center of the venturi passage provided by said ring, and means for driving flushing air under pressure through said ports.
16. In a pneumatic refuse material separation system for separating lightweight material from heavier weight material: means providing a vertical separation chamber defined by an elongated tubular wall of substantial diameter extending to a free outlet opening at its lower end; a tubular inlet through which material to be separated is received and which is of smaller diameter than the chamber and extends to a limited extent downwardly within the upper portion of the chamber, with a discharge end of the inlet opening freely downwardly within the chamber; means for supplying material to be separated into said inlet to drop therefrom through said discharge end to descend through the chamber toward said outlet opening; a spreader member mounted a substantial distance below and concentric with the discharge end of said inlet and a substantial distance above said outlet opening and being of smaller diameter than said wall and having convergently related conical upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface providing a spreader surface and the lower surface providing an air deflecting surface; said surfaces meeting in annularly spaced relation to said wall and defining an annular venturi throat with said wall; said chamber providing an air flow passage upwardly through the chamber from said outlet opening to the top of the chamber; means for effecting material-separating air flow upwardly through said outlet opening and said chamber passage and past said spreader member, through the venturi throat and then past said inlet and out from the top of the chamber, to separate the lightweight material from the heavier weight material; means for receiving heavier weight material which drops from said outlet opening; and means for assisting separation of the lightweight material from the heavier weight material, including an annular generally funnel-shaped bounce-deflection device of larger outside diameter than said outlet opening and spaced below said outlet opening and spaced above and converging toward said receiving means, said device having a resilient upper surface; whereby material dropping from said outlet opening bounces toward a central position and air passing up through the device over said receiving means acts to flush fine material remaining in the material upwardly toward said outlet opening into which such air is drawn together with air drawn into the outlet opening through the space between said device and the outlet opening.
17. In a pneumatic refuse material separation system for separating lightweight material from heavier weight material: means providing a vertical separation chamber defined by an elongated tubular wall of substantial diameter extending to a free outlet opening at its lower end; a tubular inlet through which material to be separated is received and which is of smaller diameter than the chamber and extends to a limited extent downwardly within the upper portion of the chamber, with a discharge end of the inlet opening freely downwardly within the chamber; means for supplying material to be separated into said inlet to drop therefrom through said discharge end to descend through the chamber toward said outlet opening; a spreader member mounted a substantial distance below and concentric with the discharge end of said inlet and a substantial distance above said outlet opening and being of smaller diameter than said wall and having convergently related conical upper and lower surfaces, the upper surface providing a spreader surface and the lower surface providing an air deflecting surface; said surfaces meeting in annularly spaced relation to said wall and defining an annular venturi throat with said wall; said chamber providing an air flow passage upwardly through thE chamber from said outlet opening to the top of the chamber; suction means for effecting material-separating air flow upwardly through said outlet opening and said chamber passage and past said spreader member, through the venturi throat and then past said inlet and out from the top of the chamber, to separate the lightweight material from the heavier weight material; means for receiving heavier weight material which drops from said outlet opening; means for assisting separation of the lightweight material from the heavier weight material comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced air stream ports in said wall substantially below said spreader member and oriented to direct air streams generally upwardly and inwardly toward the center of the chamber under said spreader member whereby to act within the descending stream of material to effect additional flushing action separating lighter material from heavier material after the material has passed through said venturi throat and also to effect an injector action to improve flushing air flow upwardly through said outlet opening; and means for driving air under pressure through said ports.
18. A system according to claim 17, including an annular deflector and venturi ring device carried by said wall to project concentrically inwardly therefrom substantially below said spreader member and above said outlet opening and above said ports and operative to cause material cascading from said venturi throat to be deflected toward the center of the chamber for flushing by the air streams from said ports as well as flushing air which enters through said discharge opening for material-separating flow upwardly through the chamber passage.
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