BACTERIAL STRAINS HAVING AN OUTSTANDING ABILITY TO PRODUCE MENAQUINONE |
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申请号 | EP10713681.4 | 申请日 | 2010-04-15 | 公开(公告)号 | EP2419506B1 | 公开(公告)日 | 2017-10-25 |
申请人 | DuPont Nutrition Biosciences ApS; | 发明人 | FOURCASSIE, Pascal; BOYAVAL, Patrick; HORVATH, Philippe; | ||||
摘要 | The invention relates to bacterial strains having an outstanding ability to produce menaquinone and to applications thereof. | ||||||
权利要求 | |||||||
说明书全文 | The invention relates to bacterial strains having an outstanding ability to produce menaquinone. Menaquinone or vitamin K2 is involved in the carboxylation of certain glutamate residues in proteins to form gamma-carboxyglutamate residues (abbreviated Gla-residues). The modified residues are often (but not always) situated within specific protein domains called Gla domains. Gla-residues are usually involved in binding calcium. The Gla-residues are essential for the biological activity of all known Gla-proteins ( Accordingly, menaquinone deficiency may induce several pathologies such as for example bleeding, coagulation dysfunctions, osteoporosis... Typically, the groups of patients which are considered to be particularly exposed to a menaquinone deficiency are the new born, the elderly, the patients having liver, bile or intestinal dysfunctions, and patients having chronic antibiotic treatment. Several methods have been proposed in the prior art to supplement the menaquinone deficiency of these patients. One of these methods consists to administer to these patients menaquinone-producing bacteria. Indeed, menaquinone is produced by the bacteria of the intestinal flora, and in particular by the bacteria of the species Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Bacteroides subsp. Menaquinone is also produced by several lactic acid bacteria, such as for example the bacteria of the genera Bifidobacterium, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, Enteroccocus and Propionibacterium. In particular, a specific variant of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris having the ability to produce more menaquinone than the corresponding wild type strain has been recently disclosed in However, having strains capable of producing higher amounts of menaquinone would be very interesting. The application describes bacterial strains having an outstanding ability to produce menaquinone. Indeed, during their research, the inventors have found that some particular strains present an exceptional ability to produce menaquinone compared to the other strains known to date. These strains have been deposited under the Budapest Treaty under the following accession numbers: CNCMI-4128, DSM 23476, DSM 23477, DSM 23478, DSM 23479. The invention relates to the CNCM I-2428 strain or variants, as well as the use of this strain and variants thereof for producing menaquinone. The application describes bacterial strains having an outstanding ability to produce menaquinone as compared to other strains known to date. The object of the invention concerns a strain of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris deposited by Danisco France SAS (20, rue de Brunel, 75017 Paris, France) under the Budapest Treaty on 24th of February 2009 at the Collection Nationale de Cultures de Microorganismes (CNCM, Institut Pasteur, 25, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France) under number CNCM I-4128, or a variant thereof, wherein said variant:
The strain CNCM I-4128 or variants thereof produce high quantities of menaquinone. In particular, the inventors have shown that the strain CNCM I-4128 produce at least 7 µg of menaquinone per 100 g of milk fermented with said strains when measured in a Test A. Typically, the variants of the strain CNCM I-4128 described herein produce at least 7 µg, particularly at least 8 µg, still particularly at least 9 µg, more particularly at least 10 µg, still more particularly at least 11 ug and most particularly at least 12 µg of menaquinone per 100 g of milk fermented with said variant when measured in a Test A according to the invention. Test A is fully described in the experimental section. Briefly, Test A comprises the following steps:
In another embodiment, the variants of the strain CNCM I-4128 described herein produce at least 200 µg, particularly at least 230 µg, more particularly at least 260 µg of menaquinone per 100 g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test B. Test B is fully described in the experimental section. Briefly, Test B comprises the following steps:
Protocol P is the following:
The suspension is centrifuged at 4600 rpm during 5 min. Then the organic phase is harvested and again centrifuged during 5 min at 4600 rpm. The organic phase is then harvested and concentrated with a speed vac system in order to obtain a dry product. The dry product is rehydrated with 1 ml ethanol and filtrate on 0.45 µm filter. This extract is injected in a HPLC system. Separation and detection ofmenaquinone are performed using methods described in The application also describes a strain of Lactococcus lactis spp.cremoris deposited by Danisco Deutschland GmbH (Busch-Johannsen-Str. 1, 25899 Niebüll, Germany) under the Budapest Treaty on 24th of March 2010 at the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ, Inhoffenstr. 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany) under number DSM 23476, or a variant thereof. The strain DSM 23476 or variants thereof produce high quantities of menaquinone. The variants of the strain DSM 23476 typically produce at least 25 µg of menaquinone per g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test C. In one embodiment, the variants of the strain DSM 23476 typically produce at least 30 µg, particularly at least 35 µg, still particularly at least 40 µg, more particularly at least 45 µg, still more particularly at least 50 µg, again more particularly at least 55 µg, and most particularly at least 60 µg of menaquinone per g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test C. The application also describes a strain of Lactococcus lactis spp lactis deposited by Danisco Deutschland GmbH (Busch-Johannsen-Str. 1, 25899 Niebüll, Germany) under the Budapest Treaty on 24th of March 2010 at the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ, Inhoffenstr. 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany) under number DSM 23477, or a variant thereof. The strain DSM 23477 or variants thereof produce high quantities of menaquinone. The variants of the strain DSM 23477 typically produce at least 15 µg of menaquinone per g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test C. In one embodiment, the variants of the strain DSM 23477 typically produce at least 20 µg, particularly at least 25 µg, still particularly at least 30 µg, more particularly at least 35 µg, still more particularly at least 40 µg of menaquinone per g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test C. The application also describes a strain of Lactoccus lactis spp cremoris deposited by Danisco Deutschland GmbH (Busch-Johannsen-Str. 1, 25899 Niebüll, Germany) under the Budapest Treaty on 24th of March 2010 at the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ, Inhoffenstr. 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany) under number DSM 23478, or a variant thereof. The strain DSM 23478 or variants thereof produce high quantities of menaquinone. The variants of the strain DSM 23478 typically produce at least 30 µg of menaquinone per g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test C. In one embodiment, the variants of the strain DSM 23478 typically produce at least 35 µg, particularly at least 40 µg, still particularly at least 45 µg, more particularly at least 50 µg, still more particularly at least 55 µg of menaquinone per g of freeze-dried cells when measured in a Test C. Briefly, Test C comprises the following steps: 1) Culturing the strain:
Protocol Q comprises the following steps:
High performance liquid chromatography coupled to a fluorimetry detector is used in order to analyse vitamin K. Different forms of vitamin K are separated on a reverse phase column and reduced through a post column. Identified and measured forms of vitamin K2 :
Products and solutions:
The analysis is carried out by an Agilent HPLC 1100 in reverse phase with a fluorescence detector. In order to improve vitamin K's sensibility detection, it's reduced after separation in hydroquinone by chemical reduction with zinc metal. Hydroquinones are more fluorescent than quinones.
Analytical conditions:
Menaquinone quantification :
The application also describes a strain of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. Shermanii deposited by Danisco Deutschland GmbH (Busch-Johannsen-Str. 1, 25899 Niebüll, Germany) under the Budapest Treaty on 24th of March 2010 at the Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen (DSMZ, Inhoffenstr. 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany) under number DSM 23479, or a variant thereof. The strain DSM 23479 or variants thereof produce high quantities of menaquinone. A variant of the strain DSM 23479 typically produces at least 15 µg of menaquinone per 100 g of milk fermented with said variant when measured in a Test D. In one embodiment, a variant of the strain DSM 23479 typically produces at least 15 µg, particularly at least 20 µg, still particularly at least 25 µg of menaquinone per 100 g of milk fermented with said variant when measured in a Test D. Test D comprises the following steps:
According to the invention, by "variant" it is meant:
By "mutation" according to the invention, it is meant the addition, deletion, or the substitution of at least one nucleotide in the genome of the strain according to the invention. The strain according to the invention or variants thereof or the strains as described herein or variants thereof, are thus very interesting in term of health benefits, but also in term of marketing. For example, in Europe when a product contains at least 11.5 µg of menaquinone per serving size, more particularly per 100g or per 100mL of product, it can be labelled as "source of" vitamin K2. Another object of the invention concerns the use of the strain or variants thereof according to the invention for producing menaquinone. An application of the invention is the use of the outstanding properties of the strain and variants thereof according to the invention to produce important amounts of menaquinone at an industrial scale. The menaquinone can then be extracted from the cultures of the strain according to the invention and be used in all kinds of preparations, for instance in pharmaceutical preparations, feed and food preparations such as a dairy product, or dietary supplements. The invention thus also concerns a method for producing menaquinone, comprising the step of culturing a strain or a variant thereof according the invention in a substrate. Said substrate can be selected from any appropriate substrate known by the skilled person. Examples of appropriate substrates are milk substrates, in particular selected from the group consisting of natural or reconstituted milk, skimmed or otherwise, milk-based media and media based on products of dairy origin. Another object of the invention is a strain or a variant thereof according to the invention, for use in a method for treatment of the human or animal body. Typically, the strains or variants thereof according to the invention are useful in the treatment of the diseases associated with a deficiency in menaquinone, as for instance bone, vascular and/or skin health diseases such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, blood pressure dysfunctions, blood clotting, loss of skin elasticity. The application also describes a method for treating a disease selected from the group comprising bone diseases such as osteoporosis; vascular diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, blood pressure dysfunctions and blood clotting; and skin diseases, such as loss of skin elasticity; said method comprising the step of administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of a strain or of a variant described herein. The application also describes a method for improving calcium fixation on the bones, maintaining or improving the bone structure and/or resistance, and/or improving the bone development, said method comprising the step of administering to a patient in need thereof, an effective amount of a strain or of a variant thereof described herein. Alternatively, the application describes the strains or variants thereof, for use in a method for improving calcium fixation on the bones, maintaining or improving the bone structure and/or resistance, and/or improving the bone development. The term "treating" or "treatment", as used herein, means reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing the disorder or condition to which such term applies. As used herein, "patient" refers to a human or animal that may benefit from the administration of a strain or a variant thereof as recited herein. By a "therapeutically effective amount" of a strain or a variant thereof as described previously, it is meant a sufficient amount to treat the disease, at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio applicable to any medical treatment. In a particular embodiment of the method for treatment of the invention, the strain or a variant thereof can be used alive or under a specific preserved state. When the strain or variant thereof is used in a preserved state, the strain has been preferably previously cultured to enrich its content in menaquinone. By "preserved state" it is meant a strain that has been dried, freeze-dried or frozen for example. The strain or a variant thereof may also be used after having been inactivated, for instance by heat treatment, by chemical treatment and/or by other treatments known by the skilled person in the art. Another aspect of the invention concerns the preparation of products enriched in menaquinone by using the strain or variants thereof according to the invention. These products are thus particularly useful for supplementing any deficiency in menaquinone occurring in a patient in need thereof. Such deficiency in menaquinone is for instance encountered in the newborn infants, individuals who suffer from liver damage or disease (i.e. alcoholics), people with cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel diseases or those who have recently had abdominal surgeries. Groups which may suffer from secondary vitamin K deficiency include bulimics, those on stringent diets and those taking anticoagulants. Accordingly, the invention concerns the use of a strain or a variant thereof according to the invention for preparing a product. This product is typically selected from the group consisting of a dietary supplement, a pharmaceutical preparation, a food preparation and a feed preparation. In a particular embodiment, in these products, the strain or a variant thereof can be used alive or under a specific preserved state. When the strain or variant thereof is used in a preserved state, the strain has been preferably previously cultured to enrich its content in menaquinone. By "preserved state" it is meant a strain that has been dried, freeze-dried or frozen for example. The strain or a variant thereof may also be used after having been inactivated, for instance by heat treatment, by chemical treatment and/or by other treatments known by the skilled person in the art. The invention also relates to a product typically selected from the group comprising of a dietary supplement, a pharmaceutical preparation, a food preparation and a feed preparation, wherein said product comprises a strain or a variant thereof according to the invention. According to the invention, by "dietary supplement" it is meant a product or a composition that is intended to supplement the diet of the human or of an animal. A dietary supplement according to the invention is typically intended for ingestion in pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid form. According to the invention, by "pharmaceutical preparation" it is meant a preparation that is intended to be used in a method for treatment of the human or animal body. In the context of the invention, the term "treatment", as used herein, means reversing, alleviating, inhibiting the progress of, or preventing a disorder or condition. Typically, the pharmaceutical preparation according to the invention comprises the strain or a variant thereof according to the invention together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. According to the invention, by "food preparation" it is meant a preparation that is intended to feed a human. According to the invention, by "feed preparation" it is meant a preparation that is intended to feed an animal. In a particular embodiment of the invention, said product is a food preparation. More particularly, the food preparation is a dairy product. Within the meaning of the invention, by "dairy product" it is meant fermented milk, a yogurt, a matured cream, a cheese, a fromage frais, a milk drink, a dairy product retentate, a processed cheese, a cream dessert, a cottage cheese or an infant milk. Still typically, the dairy product according to the invention comprises milk of animal and/or plant origin. Another aspect of the invention concerns the application of the strain and variants thereof according to the invention to enrich the content of a product in menaquinone. Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for enriching the menaquinone content of a product selected from the group consisting of a dietary supplement, a pharmaceutical preparation, a food preparation and a feed preparation, comprising the step of adding to said product a strain or a variant thereof according to the invention. In a particular embodiment of this method, the strain or a variant thereof according to the invention can be used alive or under a specific preserved state. When the strain or variant thereof according to the invention is used in a preserved state, the strain has been preferably previously cultured to enrich its content in menaquinone. By "preserved state" it is meant a strain that has been dried, freeze-dried or frozen for example. The strain or a variant thereof according to the invention may also be used after having been inactivated, for instance by heat treatment, by chemical treatment and/or by other treatments known by the skilled person in the art. The present invention is better illustrated below using the examples which follow. The strain CNCM I-4128 has been compared to 23 other strains belonging to the Lactococcus lactis species for their production ofmenaquinone (following TEST B). For each strain, the following protocol has been followed:
The chemical extraction of menaquinone and the measurement of its quantity have been performed according to the following protocol:
The suspension is centrifuged at 4600 rpm during 5 min. Then the organic phase is harvested and again centrifuged during 5 min at 4600 rpm. The organic phase is then harvested and concentrated with a speed vac system in order to obtain a dry product. The dry product is rehydrated with 1 ml ethanol and filtrate on 0.45 µm filter. This extract is injected in a HPLC system. Separation and detection of menaquinone are performed using methods described in The results are presented in Table 1, which shows the difference of production of menaquinone between the CNCM I-4128 and 23 other strains belonging to the Lactococcus lactis species (which were Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris or Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains). Data are expressed in µgrams per 100 grams of freeze dried cells. The results of this experiment clearly show that the strain CNCM I-4128 has an outstanding ability to produce menaquinone compared to the 23 other strains tested. The measure of the production of menaquinone by the strain CNCM I-4128 in the milk (following TEST A) has been repeated 11 times, according to the following protocol:
The chemical extraction of menaquinone and the measurement of its quantity have then been performed according to the following protocol: 10 ml of milk obtained previously have been mixed with 5 ml of HCl 1N. The same protocol as in Example 1 has then been followed to perform the extraction of menaquinone and to measure its content. Results are presented in table 2 hereinafter: These results show that the average production of CNCM I-4128 is 11,6 µg/100g of fermented milk with a standard deviation of 2,5 µg/100g. Freeze dried material has been produced according to test C and the menaquinone content in the freeze dried product has been evaluated thanks to protocol Q for extraction/purification and dosage. Freeze dried material has been produced according to test C and the menaquinone content in the freeze dried product has been evaluated thanks to protocol Q for extraction/purification and dosage. Freeze dried material has been produced according to test C and the menaquinone content in the freeze dried product has been evaluated thanks to protocol Q for extraction/purification and dosage. Strain DSM 23479 has been cultured as described in test D. Menaquinone production has then be measured according to protocol P. Results are presented in the table D hereinafter: |