In a plough of the kind which comprises a mobile frame (1, 2) and at least one plough member (15A) that will wholly or partly invert a furrow slice when the plough is in operation, said furrow slice is cut loose by a V-shaped blade (18) located at the front of the frame (1, 2) with respect to the intended direction of operative travel (A) of the plough and is both compressed, and deflected laterally towards one side wall (2) of the frame (1, 2) by a plurality of rotary lateral displacing members (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) that are in the form of rollers arranged in a row that is inclined to said direction of travel (A), the members/rollers (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) being of progressively increasing size considered rearwardly of the direction of travel (A). The lateral displacing members/rollers (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) co-operate with a soil guide member (15) at the rear of the plough in turning the cut furrow slice about an axis which extends in the direction of operative travel (A) to enable said furrow slice to be deposited substantially completely back into the furrow from which it was originally cut in a substantially completely inverted condition as compared with its original disposition. In a modification, the number of lateral displacing members/rollers is reduced and the guide member (15) in the form of a fixed plate is replaced by a power- driven rotary soil guide member of annular formation, the inverted furrow slice being delivered back into the furrow from which it was cut through the interior of said annular guide member.

This invention relates to an auger and to a plow including such auger (17). This specification discloses an auger (17) which when suitably mounted, is suitable for use even at the difficult terrain encountered in typical reforestation operations. An auger (17) in accordance with this disclosure has its axis extending in the direction of movement of the plowand is arranged to rotate in a direction opposing the forward movement of the plow. The auger (17) has a plurality of generally helical turns. Sections of the ground engaging portions around the periphery of the turns have an angle of attack in a plane at a selected angle to the axis of the auger (17) and other sections have angles of attack in planes at a different angle. These ground engaging sections of the periphery are preferably teeth (31) which because of the difference in angles discussed above attack the ground at different cutting angles. The dislodged earth will as is normal with an auger be flung sideways as a furrough is formed, but it will also have a component of motion which is either forward or backwards in relation to the direction of travel of the plow. When, as previously explained the auger (17) is rotating to oppose the direction of the plow, this forward or backward component of motion will depend on the rate of forward movement of the plow less the rearward displacement of particles caused by the auger (17). The motion will be forward if the result is positive and backward if the net result is negative.

Ein Gerät zur Bearbeitung landwirtschaflich genutzter Böden besitzt einen Tragrahmen (11), an dem minde­stens ein Lockerungsschar (15) mit einer zum Ablösen und zeitweiligen Anheben eines Bodenstreifens entge­gen der Arbeitsrichtung (18) ansteigenden Scharober­fläche. Im Bereich des Lockerungsschars (15) ist mit einstellbarem, vertikalem Abstand von der Scharober­fläche eine Vorrichtung (53, 171) angeordnet, die ge­eignet ist, auf die obere Schicht des vom Lockerungs­schar (15) angehobenen Materials mindestens eine etwa horizontal und quer zur Arbeitsrichtung (18) gerich­tete Bewegungskomponente zu übertragen.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rotationssystem für die Hackvorrichtung (2) einer Büschel bildenden Forst-Hackmaschine, wodurch die Rotation der Hackvorrichtung stufenweise so gebremst oder gestoppt werden kann, daß jede Haue (3) nacheinander ein Loch in der ersten Stufe auswirft, in der zweiten Stufe die Haue (3) der Hackvorrichtung die Oberflächenschicht zwischen dem ausgeworfenen Loch und einem zu bildenden Büschel entfernt, und in der dritten Stufe, während sich die Hackvorrichtung (2) frei drehen kann, die Haue (3) die gelockerte Erde als Büschel hinter sich läßt. Um die vom Startmoment der Bremsstufen diktierten Stechwinkel und Stechtiefe leicht den verschiedenen Bodenqualitäten anpassen zu können, betätigt bei einem bestimmten Drehwinkel der Hackvorrichtung ein erster Impulsfühler einen ersten Verzögerungstaktgeber (6), der nach einer gewissen einstellbaren Verzögerung eine Bremse (11) anziehen kann, um die erste Stufe der Hackvorrichtung (2) auszusetzen. Bei einem bestimmten Drehwinkel der Hackvorrichtung betätigt ein zweiter Impulsfühler (5) einem zweiten Verzögerungstaktgeber (7), der nach einer gewissen Verzögerungszeit die Bremse (11) anziehen kann, um die zweite Stufe der Hackmaschine (2) auszusetzen. Die Dauer der ersten und zweiten Stufe, d.h. die die Drehung anhaltende Bremswirkung, kann jeweils durch einen eigenen Taktgeber (8 und 9) gesteuert werden, dessen Zeitdauer verstellbar ist.

For the ditching of drains normally various types of excavating machines are used. This involves problems, however, especially when the ground has poor carrying capacity, for example in wetlands. According to the invention, therefore, a body (1) is proposed which has substantially V-shaped cross-section and smooth lower sides, and which is advanced through the soil masses to be removed for ditching the drain with a pointed and along the height of the body closed end facing in the direction of advancement, and which simultaneously is subjected to at least downwardly directed striking forces with relatively high frequency, whereby the body (1) is maintained pressed down into the soil masses while it is being advanced. The soil masses are thereby removed substantially in lateral direction by the side surfaces (2) of the body and compacted. For effecting the striking forces, preferably a vibrator (11) is provided within the body (1).