| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 61 | Process for the Degradation and/or Detoxification of Chemical and Biological Pollutants | US11665168 | 2005-10-12 | US20080319246A1 | 2008-12-25 | Giancarlo Cravotto; Wander Tumiatti; Carlo Maria Roggero |
| A process is described for the degradation, detoxification and decontamination treatment of contaminated solid or liquid matrices and/or relative functional revalorisation and for their sterilisation, which comprises placing said matrix in contact with at least one saline catalyst and at least one oxidising agent chosen from among percarbonates, perborates or metal peroxides in the presence of a last one energy source chosen from among microwaves (MW), ultrasounds (US) and ultraviolet rays (UV). | ||||||
| 62 | Curable Composition Containing as Constituent Material Silica Obtained by Decomposing Chrysotile and Cured Object | US11577854 | 2005-10-24 | US20080264302A1 | 2008-10-30 | Masahiko Azui; Tetsuya Shimamura; Kiyotsugu Yamashita |
| Chrysotile or chrysotile-containing serpentinite containing chrysotile is treated to convert the chrysotile contained therein into a non-asbestos material, so that the non-asbestos material is used as a material that can be recycled safely and is effective from the view point of environmental protection.[Means for Solving Problems] A curable composition characterized by containing at least a porous fibrous amorphous silica obtained by decomposing chrysotile or chrysotile-containing serpentinite with acid to substantially eliminate an influence of asbestos on living body, and a reinforcing fiber. The curable composition preferably contains a surfactant and a thickener and/or a filler and/or a colorant or an air-hardening material and/or water-hardening material and a thickener. The composition preferably contains 15 to 100% of the porous fibrous amorphous silica obtained by decomposing the chrysotile or the chrysotile-serpentinite with acid, 0 to 75% of a slaked line, 0 to 3% of a thickener, and 0 to 10% of a pulp. | ||||||
| 63 | SONICATION TREATMENT OF MEDIA CONTAINING HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS | US11755667 | 2007-05-30 | US20070225543A1 | 2007-09-27 | Lorrie Hunt; Rod McElroy; Jim McKinley |
| The invention consists of a method for treating media containing halogenated organic compounds (HOC's), including Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP), by: a) combining the media with a fluid containing one or more liquid hydrocarbons to form a media/fluid mixture; b) sonicating the mixture at audio frequency; and c) treating the fluid with sodium sonically dispersed in-situ in its molten state. The method may include additional steps to reduce the solids size of the media and to distill or extract HOC's from contaminated media Alternatively, the fluid can be decanted from the media after sonication, and treated separately with an alkali metal sonically dispersed in-situ in its molten state | ||||||
| 64 | SONICATION TREATMENT OF MEDIA CONTAINING HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS | US11163802 | 2005-10-31 | US20060094922A1 | 2006-05-04 | Lorrie Hunt; Rod McElroy; Jim McKinley |
| The invention consists of a method for treating media containing halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) by: a) combining the media with a fluid containing one or more liquid hydrocarbons to form a media/fluid mixture; b) sonicating the mixture at audio frequency to extract HOCs from the media into the fluid; and c) treating the fluid with sodium-containing alkali metal. The method may include additional steps to reduce the size of the media. Alternatively, the fluid can be decanted from the media after sonication and treated separately with sodium-containing alkali metal. | ||||||
| 65 | In-container mineralization | US10972068 | 2004-10-22 | US20060009671A9 | 2006-01-12 | John Mason; Thomas Oliver |
| A method of waste stabilization by mineralization of waste material in situ in a treatment container suitable or treatment, transit, storage and disposal. The waste material may be mixed with mineralizing additives and, optionally, reducing additives, in the treatment container or in a separate mixing vessel. The mixture is then subjected to heat in the treatment container to heat-activate mineralization of the mixture and form a stable, mineralized, monolithic solid. This stabilized mass may then be transported in the same treatment container for storage and disposal. | ||||||
| 66 | Method of treating incineration ashes with sulfate reducing bacteria | US10049824 | 2002-02-19 | US06805797B1 | 2004-10-19 | Kweon Jung |
| A method of treating incineration ash and wastewater sludge, wherein a mutual relation in using nutrients exists between the incineration ash containing heavy metal and organic wastes containing the wastewater sludge and sulfate-reducing bacteria, including the steps of burying the incineration ash together with the organic wastes under the ground, whereby the bacteria reduces the sulfates existing in the incineration ash to form sulfides, binding the formed sulfides with the heavy metal to form insoluble metal sulfides, thereby preventing the heavy metal from exuding out of the incineration ash as and eluate. | ||||||
| 67 | Method for neutralizing solid residue in abandoned chemical weapons | US10234145 | 2002-09-05 | US20030050525A1 | 2003-03-13 | Keiichi Ishiyama; Kiyoshi Asahina |
| A method for decontaminating and neutralizing solid residue remaining in a munition shell of an abandoned chemical weapon includes the steps of dissolving the solid residue using an organic solvent to obtain a solid residue solution, and neutralizing the solid residue solution with an alkaline solution and an oxidant. | ||||||
| 68 | Method for processing aluminum spent potliner in a graphite electrode ARC furnace | US09596438 | 2000-06-19 | US06498282B1 | 2002-12-24 | William K. O'Connor; Paul C. Turner; Gerald W. Addison |
| A method of processing spent aluminum pot liner containing carbon, cyanide compositions, fluorides and inorganic oxides. The spent aluminum pot liner is crushed iron oxide is added to form an agglomerated material. The agglomerated material is melted in an electric arc furnace having the electrodes submerged in the molten material to provide a reducing environment during the furnace operation. In the reducing environment, pot liner is oxidized while the iron oxides are reduced to produce iron and a slag substantially free of cyanide compositions and fluorides. An off-gas including carbon oxides and fluorine is treated in an air pollution control system with an afterburner and a scrubber to produce NaF, water and a gas vented to the atmosphere free of cyanide compositions, fluorine and CO. | ||||||
| 69 | Method for producing chemically bonded phosphate ceramics and for stabilizing contaminants encapsulated therein utilizing reducing agents | US305820 | 1999-05-05 | US6133498A | 2000-10-17 | Dileep Singh; Arun S. Wagh; Seung-Young Jeong |
| Known phosphate ceramic formulations are improved and the ability to produce iron-based phosphate ceramic systems is enabled by the addition of an oxidizing or reducing step during the acid-base reactions that form the phosphate ceramic products. The additives allow control of the rate of the acid-base reactions and concomitant heat generation. In an alternate embodiment, waste containing metal anions are stabilized in phosphate ceramic products by the addition of a reducing agent to the phosphate ceramic mixture. The reduced metal ions are more stable and/or reactive with the phosphate ions, resulting in the formation of insoluble metal species within the phosphate ceramic matrix, such that the resulting chemically bonded phosphate ceramic product has greater leach resistance. | ||||||
| 70 | Method for treatment of halogen-containing waste material | US913772 | 1997-11-21 | US6124518A | 2000-09-26 | Erik Rasmussen |
| A method for treatment of halogen-containing waste material, in particular PVC-containing waste material, is disclosed, wherein the waste material in a decomposition step is heated in a reaction zone in a substantially closed system essentially without addition of water to a temperature between 150 and 750.degree. C., preferably 250-350.degree. C., in the presence of a halogen-reactive compound selected from alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali and alkaline earth metal carbonates and mixtures thereof, so as to establish a controllable autogenous pressure substantially above atmospheric pressure, in a sufficient reaction time to convert essentially all halogen present in the waste material to alkali or alkaline earth metal halides, said closed system preferably also comprising a condensation zone, where water vapour and volatile compounds liberated from the waste material are condensed. The remanence obtained in the decomposition step is washed with an aqueous solvent, preferably pure water, and the soluble and insoluble parts of the remanence are separated. By this method the halogen is removed from the waste without uncontrolled emission of halogen-containing acids to the environment. | ||||||
| 71 | Waste processing method and waste processing apparatus | US136589 | 1998-08-19 | US6090291A | 2000-07-18 | Yoshie Akai; Yoshikazu Matsubayashi; Yasushi Yamaguchi; Kazuya Yamada; Atsushi Ohara |
| A waste processing method decomposing an organic substance or an inorganic substance contained in organic wastes or inorganic wastes by holding a mixture of the organic wastes or the inorganic wastes and a medium, which is in its supercritical state, for a pre-determined time period, in which the hydrogen ion concentration of the medium is 10.sup.-4 mol or more to 1 kg of the medium.A waste processing method having a step of decomposing all or almost all of an organic substance included in organic wastes into lower-molecular-weight products by holding the organic wastes in a medium, which is in its supercritical state, for a pre-determined time and a step of oxidizing and decomposing the lower-molecular-weight products into carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and/or water (H.sub.2 O) by holding a mixture of an oxidant and the lower-molecular-weight products in the medium, which is in its subcritical state, for a pre-determined time period. | ||||||
| 72 | Reaction control method using carbon soot molecules and organometallic complexes in excited state | US928417 | 1997-09-12 | US5976477A | 1999-11-02 | Satoru Isoda; Toshiyuki Kamiya; Yoshio Hanazato; Akira Ikeda |
| A method and an apparatus for controlling reactions of a gas and a fluid that makes use of excellent reactivity of carbon soot molecules, metal porphyrin complexes and metal phthalocyanin complexes which are in an excited state has an arrangement that the carbon soot molecules, the metal porphyrin complexes and the metal phthalocyanin complexes which are excited by a physico-chemical method, such as light irradiation, and a gas containing oxygen are brought into contact with each other to generate active oxygen. Further, the gas containing the harmful substance and a fluid are brought into contact with each other so that direct reactions of the active oxygen and the excited molecules decompose the harmful substances. | ||||||
| 73 | Method and apparatus for the controlled reduction of organic material | US539721 | 1995-10-05 | US5877395A | 1999-03-02 | Charles Leslie Emery |
| There is provided a new and useful method and apparatus for the controlled non-pyrolytic reduction of organic material comprising subjecting the material to microwave radiation in a reducing atmosphere. | ||||||
| 74 | Use of persulfate to destroy haloform | US783494 | 1997-01-14 | US5849985A | 1998-12-15 | Robert H. Tieckelmann; Dean S. Thorp, deceased; by Colleen Gagliardi, executor; Gale D. Downey |
| An alkali metal peroxydisulfate or caroate can be used alone or in combination to destroy haloform present in an aqueous system. The destruction results in a reduction in the amount of haloform in the system. In another aspect, uv light and the peroxydisulfate and/or caroate can be used together to destroy the haloform present in the aqueous system. | ||||||
| 75 | Waste-treating agent | US626437 | 1996-04-02 | US5769938A | 1998-06-23 | Kenji Ueshima; Noboru Ikitsu; Takuji Nomura; Takashi Funahashi; Masakazu Uekita |
| To treat waste containing harmful netals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, etc., the waste is mixed with a treating agent containing, as the essential constituent component, solid acid(s) and/or cement and additionally a caking inhibitor, kneaded with water where necessary, then solidified by curing. Harmful metals are thereby stabilized in the thus-solidified cakes and are not released therefrom. | ||||||
| 76 | Composition and method to remove asbestos | US721858 | 1996-09-27 | US5753033A | 1998-05-19 | Jacob Block |
| A composition for transforming a chrysotile asbestos-containing material into a non-asbestos material is disclosed, wherein the composition comprises water, at least about 30% by weight of a boron tetrafluoride salt, free of or having only small amounts of an inorganic acid, an inorganic acid salt or a mixture thereof. A method of transforming the asbestos-containing material into a non-asbestos material using the present composition also is disclosed. | ||||||
| 77 | Process and apparatus for photolytic degradation of explosives | US299840 | 1994-09-01 | US5516970A | 1996-05-14 | Paul L. Miller; Gary G. Wittmer; Mark D. Stignani |
| A process for photolytic degradation of the organic and nitrogenous components of high explosives in organic solvent is described. The process can be applied with a module photolytic apparatus so that munitions can be destroyed without endangering the environment or toxifying large quantities of water. An apparatus is also disclosed. | ||||||
| 78 | Immobilization agent for industrial waste | US220393 | 1994-03-30 | US5387740A | 1995-02-07 | Taiichiro Sasae; Tomio Nishida |
| The immobilization agent for industrial waste according to the present invention is characterized by that it contains cement, ferrous chloride, iron oxalate and amorphous aluminium silicate, and it is preferred said ferrous chloride, iron oxalate and amorphous aluminium silicate are contained in it by mixing ferrous chloride and iron oxalate with amorphous aluminium silicate and granulating and heating the mixture in an inert gas stream. Further, according to the present invention, it may also contain at least one selected from the group consisting of potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, cobalt chloride, aluminium sulfate, citric acid, calcium chloride and sodium sulfate in addition to the compounds mentioned above. | ||||||
| 79 | Fixation of heavy metals, mercury recovery and dioxins destruction in scrubbed municipal solid waste incinerator ash | US53985 | 1993-04-27 | US5347074A | 1994-09-13 | Wolfgang A. Hochleitner; Stephen P. Goff |
| Fly ash generated from incineration of municipal solid waste (MSW) when placed in landfills can under mild acid conditions can leach lead and cadmium. A process for stabilizing heavy metals in this fly ash is presented which involves calcining the fly ash in the presence of an oxygen containing gas stream at a temperature greater than about 400.degree. C. and less than about 600.degree. C. for times from about 170 seconds up to about 5 hours fly ash which has been subjected to calcium scrubbing for acid gas removal. Such treated MSW fly ash will give leachates containing heavy metal concentrations less than the EPA regulatory limit. | ||||||
| 80 | Decomposition of halogenated and polyhalogenated organic materials by electrified microheterogeneous catalysis | US822805 | 1992-01-21 | US5282936A | 1994-02-01 | Debra R. Rolison; Joseph Z. Stemple |
| In a system and method for enhancing dehalogenation and decomposition reactions, an organic reactant is brought in contact with a stable, non-soluble, porous, electronically non-conductive inorganic solid (reaction enhancer) in a fluidic medium to form a reaction mixture of low ionic strength. The reaction mixture so formed is then subjected to an electrifying force thereby enhancing the chemical reaction. Reaction products are then collected. | ||||||
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