| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | INTERLEAVING MULTI-ENERGY X-RAY ENERGY OPERATION OF A STANDING WAVE LINEAR ACCELERATOR | US13610594 | 2012-09-11 | US20130063052A1 | 2013-03-14 | Ching-Hung Ho; Stephen Wah-Kwan Cheung; Roger Heering Miller; Juwen Wang |
| The disclosure relates to systems and methods for interleaving operation of a standing wave linear accelerator (LINAC) for use in providing electrons of at least two different energy ranges, which can be contacted with x-ray targets to generate x-rays of at least two different energy ranges. The LINAC can be operated to output electrons at different energies by varying the power of the electromagnetic wave input to the LINAC, or by using a detunable side cavity which includes an activatable window. | ||||||
| 122 | INTERLEAVING MULTI-ENERGY X-RAY ENERGY OPERATION OF A STANDING WAVE LINEAR ACCELERATOR USING ELECTRONIC SWITCHES | US13525940 | 2012-06-18 | US20120313555A1 | 2012-12-13 | Ching-Hung HO; Stephen Wah-Kwan Cheung; Roger Heering Miller; Juwen Wang |
| The disclosure relates to systems and methods for fast-switching operating of a standing wave linear accelerator (LINAC) for use in generating x-rays of at least two different energy ranges with advantageously low heating of electronic switches. In certain embodiments, the heating of electronic switches during a fast-switching operation of the LINAC can be kept advantageously low through the controlled, timed activation of multiple electronic switches located in respective side cavities of the standing wave LINAC, or through the use of a modified a side cavity that includes an electronic switch. | ||||||
| 123 | X-ray apparatus | US12809238 | 2007-12-21 | US08306189B2 | 2012-11-06 | Kevin John Brown; Maria Giulia Thompson; Vibeke Nordmark Hansen; Philip Mark Evans; David Anthony Roberts |
| X-ray apparatus comprises a linear accelerator adapted to produce a beam of electrons at one of at least two selectable energies and being controlled to change the selected energy on a periodic basis, and a target to which the beam is directed thereby to produce a beam of x-radiation, the target being non-homogenous and being driven to move periodically in synchrony with the change of the selected energy. In this way, the target can move so that a different part is exposed to the electron beam when different pulses arrive. This enables the appropriate target material to be employed depending on the selected energy. The easiest form of periodic movement for the target is likely to be a rotational movement. | ||||||
| 124 | Interleaving multi-energy x-ray energy operation of a standing wave linear accelerator using electronic switches | US12499644 | 2009-07-08 | US08203289B2 | 2012-06-19 | Ching-Hung Ho; Stephen Wah-Kwan Cheung; Roger Heering Miller; Juwen Wang |
| The disclosure relates to systems and methods for fast-switching operating of a standing wave linear accelerator (LINAC) for use in generating x-rays of at least two different energy ranges with advantageously low heating of electronic switches. In certain embodiments, the heating of electronic switches during a fast-switching operation of the LINAC can be kept advantageously low through the controlled, timed activation of multiple electronic switches located in respective side cavities of the standing wave LINAC, or through the use of a modified a side cavity that includes an electronic switch. | ||||||
| 125 | Low-injection energy continous linear electron accelerator | US12451433 | 2005-12-12 | US08169166B2 | 2012-05-01 | Andrei Sergeevich Alimov; Boris Sarkisovich Ishkhanov; Nikolai Ivanovich Pakhomov; Viktor Petrovich Sakharov; Vasily Ivanovich Shvedunov |
| This invention relates to continuous standing-wave linear electron accelerator (9) comprising a low-energy electron source (10), for example, within a range of 10-20 keV, an accelerating structure (1 or 1′) for accelerating low initial energy electrons to required values; at least, one high-frequency power supply (11) for the said accelerating structure (1 or 1′); a power supply (13) for said electron source (10) and high-frequency power supply (11); a receiving antenna (14), which is arranged in accelerating unit of accelerating structure (1 or 1′) and is used for emitting of high-frequency signal for controlling the amplitude and phase of accelerating field. Low-energy electron beam is directed to the first unit of accelerating structure (1 or 1′) contained successively accelerating units (2, 3, 4i). The first of them is embodied in the form of a bunch resonator (2), the second unit is embodied in the form of a buster resonator (3), and successive units (4i) are used for increasing the electron energy. Also the following is proposed: selection of geometrical parameters of accelerating units, the versions of their arrangement in the said accelerating structure and the use of power supply modes by different high-frequency power sources such as magnetrons, externally excitable klystrons or klystrons operating in a self-oscillating mode with accelerating structure in a feedback circuit. | ||||||
| 126 | X-ray Apparatus | US12809238 | 2007-12-21 | US20100310045A1 | 2010-12-09 | Kevin John Brown; Maria Giulia Thompspm; Vibeke Nordmark Hansen; Philip Mark Evans; David Anthony Roberts |
| X-ray apparatus comprises a linear accelerator adapted to produce a beam of electrons at one of at least two selectable energies and being controlled to change the selected energy on a periodic basis, and a target to which the beam is directed thereby to produce a beam of x-radiation, the target being non-homogenous and being driven to move periodically in synchrony with the change of the selected energy. In this way, the target can move so that a different part is exposed to the electron beam when different pulses arrive. This enables the appropriate target material to be employed depending on the selected energy. The easiest form of periodic movement for the target is likely to be a rotational movement. The target can be immersed in a coolant fluid such as water. The linear accelerator can be of the type disclosed in WO2006/097697A1. The target preferably contains at least one exposed area of tungsten and/or at least one exposed area of carbon. These can be present as inhomogeneities in the material of which the target is composed, such as Carbon inserts in a Tungsten substrate (or vice versa), alternating segments of Carbon and Tungsten, Carbon and Tungsten inserts in a substrate of a third material, or arrangements involving other materials in addition to or instead of Carbon and/or Tungsten. Alternatively, the target can be of a homogenous material but have inhomogeneities in its thickness to cater for the different electron energies. The same concept can be applied to the filter. A detector can be provided, operating in synchrony with the energy variation. Such an x-ray apparatus can form a part of a radiotherapy apparatus, in which case the first selected energy can be a diagnostic energy and a second selected energy a therapeutic energy. | ||||||
| 127 | Slot resonance coupled standing wave linear particle accelerator | US12152883 | 2008-06-04 | US20090302785A1 | 2009-12-10 | Roger H. Miller; Nikolai Barov |
| A slot resonance coupled, linear standing wave particle accelerator. The accelerator includes a series of resonant accelerator cavities positioned along a beam line, which are connected by resonant azimuthal slots formed in interior walls separating adjacent cavities. At least some of the slots are resonant at a frequency comparable to the resonant frequency of the cavities. The resonant slots are offset from the axis of the accelerator and have a major dimension extending in a direction transverse to the radial direction with respect to the accelerator axis. The off-axis resonant slots function to magnetically couple adjacent cavities of the accelerator while also advancing the phase difference between the standing wave in adjacent cavities by 180 degrees in addition to the 180 degree phase difference resulting from coupling of the standing wave in each cavity with the adjacent slot, such that the signals in each cavity are in phase with one another and each cavity functions as a live accelerating cavity. The resonance frequency of the slot is the comparable to the resonance frequency of the cavities, resulting in coupling of the cavities while also eliminating the need for side-cavity or other off-axis coupling cavities. | ||||||
| 128 | Phase switch and a standing wave linear accelerator with the phase switch | US11496733 | 2006-07-31 | US07397206B2 | 2008-07-08 | Chongguo Yao |
| A phase switch (energy switch) comprising a three-cavity system (an end-coupled cavity+side-passed accelerate cavity+an end-coupled cavity) and a separate single couple cavity is disclosed. The phase shift between the adjacent accelerate cavities is π when the three-cavities system is disordered (state ‘0’); and a microwave pass through the three-cavities system to the adjacent accelerate cavities, the phase between the adjacent accelerate cavities is change to 2π (or 0) when the single couple cavity is disordered (state ‘1’). When the state 0 changes to state 1, the field phase in the structure behind the system is changed to π, thereby to switch the phase. In the two states, the entire structure operates in π/2 mode, that is very stable. That is very important for the medical accelerator. The detaining components have been moved outside the cavity when the single couple cavity or the three-cavity system is in the operate state, without warring about high frequency breakdown. By changing couple between the two end-coupled cavities in the three-cavity system and the adjacent accelerate cavities and between the cavities in the system, the relative field-strength in the acceleration section besides the switching is changed while the phase reverses. It can be used for 6 Mev accelerator middle-energy or high-energy accelerator. | ||||||
| 129 | Dual-plunger energy switch | US11200984 | 2005-08-09 | US07239095B2 | 2007-07-03 | Ching-Hung Ho; Daryl Oshatz |
| A dual-plunger energy switch assembly for standing wave linear particle beam accelerators capable of operating in a higher energy mode and a lower energy mode employs two mechanical plungers that can be extended different distances inside two side cavities of the linear accelerator. When the linear accelerator is operated in the higher energy mode, both plungers are retracted out of the side cavities. To achieve high output while the linear accelerator is operated in the lower energy mode, the two plungers are radially inserted into the two side cavities to adjust the electromagnetic accelerating field along the length of the accelerator, e.g., one plunger is inserted into a side cavity so that the plunger touches the smile surface of the side cavity, while the second plunger is inserted into a second side cavity so that the plunger is adjacent to, but not touching, the smile surface of the side cavity. | ||||||
| 130 | Particle accelerator and methods therefor | US11287976 | 2005-11-27 | US20070120508A1 | 2007-05-31 | Samy Hanna |
| Standing-wave linear accelerators (linac) having a plurality of accelerating cavities and which do not have any auxiliary cavities are provided. Such linacs are useful for industrial applications such as radiography, cargo inspection and food sterilization, and also medical applications such as radiation therapy and imaging. In one embodiment, the linac includes an electron gun for generating an electron beam, and a plurality of accelerating cavities which accelerates the electron beam by applying electromagnetic fields generated by a microwave source. At least two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities are coupled together by at least one coupling iris. The electromagnetic fields resonate through the plurality of accelerating cavities, and the operating frequency of the electromagnetic fields is selected so that the linear accelerator is operating at a π-mode or a mode close to the π-mode. In another embodiment, the frequency of the electromagnetic fields is selected so that the linear accelerator is operating at a π/2-mode or a mode close to the π/2-mode. This more stable mode of operation is possible because at least two adjacent accelerating cavities of the plurality of accelerating cavities are coupled together by at least one coupling iris which also functions as a resonator for the electromagnetic fields, thereby achieving bi-periodic performance without requiring auxiliary cavities. In some embodiments, the linear accelerator also includes an x-ray target. | ||||||
| 131 | Dual-plunger energy switch | US11200984 | 2005-08-09 | US20070035260A1 | 2007-02-15 | Ching-Hung Ho; Daryl Oshatz |
| A dual-plunger energy switch assembly for standing wave linear particle beam accelerators capable of operating in a higher energy mode and a lower energy mode employs two mechanical plungers that can be extended different distances inside two side cavities of the linear accelerator. When the linear accelerator is operated in the higher energy mode, both plungers are retracted out of the side cavities. To achieve high output while the linear accelerator is operated in the lower energy mode, the two plungers are radially inserted into the two side cavities to adjust the electromagnetic accelerating field along the length of the accelerator, e.g., one plunger is inserted into a side cavity so that the plunger touches the smile surface of the side cavity, while the second plunger is inserted into a second side cavity so that the plunger is adjacent to, but not touching, the smile surface of the side cavity. | ||||||
| 132 | Standing wave particle beam accelerator | US10957212 | 2004-10-01 | US20050134203A1 | 2005-06-23 | Arthur Salop; David Whittum; Michael Kauffman; Mark Trail; Gard Meddaugh |
| A method for generating an electron beam includes prescribing a location, and generating an envelope of electrons, the envelope having a waist, wherein the generating is performed such that the waist of the envelope is at or adjacent to the prescribed location. A device for generating an electron beam includes a gun source for generating electrons, and a plurality of electromagnetic cavities coupled in series to form a body, the electromagnetic cavities configured to accelerate at least some of the electrons to create a beam of electrons at an energy level having a value between 5 MeV and 20 MeV, the beam of electrons having a cross sectional dimension that is 0.02 λ (or 2 mm) or less. | ||||||
| 133 | Linear accelerator | US10049426 | 2002-02-05 | US06642678B1 | 2003-11-04 | John Allen; Leonard Knowles Brundle; Terry Arthur Large; Terence Bates |
| A standing wave linear accelerator has a plurality of resonant cavities located along a particle beam axis. One or more pairs of resonant cavities are electromagnetically coupled via a coupling cavity. A rotationally asymmetric element within the coupling cavity is adapted to rotate about an axis that is substantially parallel to the axis of the coupling cavity. The coupling cavity is imperfectly symmetric about its axis due to a relative excess of material disposed within the cavity in the portion opposed to the apertures. Rotation of the polarization of a TE111 mode inside the cylindrical cavity provided a simple single mechanical control of coupling value, that has negligible effect on the phase shift across the device. A slight frequency dependence on the angle of rotation is correctable by a relative excess of material located opposite the apertures between the coupling cavity and the accelerating cavities. | ||||||
| 134 | Variable energy linear accelerator | US09775526 | 2001-02-01 | US06407505B1 | 2002-06-18 | Kirk Joseph Bertsche |
| A device for use in a linear accelerator operable to accelerate charged particles along a beam axis. The device includes a first end section, a second end section, and a transition section interposed between the first and second end sections. The sections are coupled together to form a plurality of accelerating cavities aligned along the beam axis. The first and second sections are configured to operate in a fixed collective resonant mode and the transition section is tunable such that resonant modes of the transition section may be tuned to lie at generally the same frequency as the resonant mode of the first and second sections. | ||||||
| 135 | Standing wave particle beam accelerator with switchable beam energy | US09479466 | 2000-01-06 | US06366021B1 | 2002-04-02 | Gard E. Meddaugh; Gregory Kalkanis |
| A standing wave particle beam accelerator in which the electric fields in one side coupling cavity are switched by inserting two probes of selected diameter to provide different upstream and downstream electric field coupling to adjacent coupled accelerator cavities. | ||||||
| 136 | Microwave electron gun | US773417 | 1991-10-09 | US5132593A | 1992-07-21 | Susumu Nishihara |
| A microwave electron gun for a linear accelerator uses microwave energy to impart an initial acceleration to electrons emitted from a lanthanum-hexaboride cathode. The microwave are contained in an electron-gun cavity, the upstream wall of which has a protruding part surrounding the entrance opening that accommodates the cathode, and the downstreams wall of which has a flat part surrounding an exit opening. The rest of the downstream wall has a radius of curvature equal to that of the other microwave cavities in the accelerating tube, and its center of curvature is aligned with theirs. The cathode is fused to a pair of carbon electrodes to form a cathode block, which is held by clamping between a pair of electrode bars, thus forming a cathode tube. The cathode tube is inserted into a sleeve upstream of the entrance opening in the electron-gun cavity, and is surrounded at a distance of one quarter-wavelength from the cathode by a disk-shaped choke cavity extending one quarter-wavelength from the cathode tube. This electron gun is easy to design and operate, and prevents loss of microwave energy. | ||||||
| 137 | Microwave electron gun | US690569 | 1991-04-24 | US5121031A | 1992-06-09 | Susumu Nishihara |
| A microwave electron gun for a linear accelerator uses microwave energy to impart an initial acceleration to electrons emitted from a lanthanum-hexaboride cathode. The microwaves are contained in an electron-gun cavity, the upstream wall of which has a protruding part surrounding the entrance opening that accommodates the cathode, and the downstream wall of which has a flat part surrounding an exit opening. The rest of the downstream wall has a radius of curvature equal to that of the other microwave cavities in the accelerating tube, and its center of curvature is aligned with theirs. The cathode is fused to a pair of carbon electrodes to form a cathode block, which is held by clamping between a pair of electrode bars, thus forming a cathode tube. The cathode tube is inserted into a sleeve upstream of the entrance opening in the electron-gun cavity, and is surrounded at a distance of one quarter-wavelength from the cathode by a disk-shaped choke cavity extending one quarter-wavelength from the cathode tube. This electron gun is easy design and operate, and prevents loss of microwave energy. | ||||||
| 138 | Standing wave type linear accelerator | US596447 | 1990-10-12 | US5087887A | 1992-02-11 | Hideyuki Kawakami |
| In the standing wave type linear accelerator according to this invention, a phase difference signal output from a differential amplifier is sample-held after it is integrated, allowing a stable control signal to be obtained, by which it is unnecessary to increase the gain of the differential amplifier and to adjust the offset of the same, and the probability of faulty operation of the control circuit is lowered. Further, an interlock signal generator is provided, allowing the accelerator to be stopped in the case of occurrence of the faulty operation. | ||||||
| 139 | Side-coupled standing-wave linear accelerator | US874846 | 1986-06-16 | US4746839A | 1988-05-24 | Chudo Kazusa; Masaharu Yoneda |
| A side-coupled standing-wave linear accelerator for accelerating a particle beam, includes a cascade of accelerating resonant cavities linearly located along the axis of the particle beam and coupled in series through drift tubes allowing passage of the particle beam. Each pair of adjacent accelerating resonant cavities is electromagnetically coupled by a side-coupling cavity. At least one side-coupling cavity is a non-resonant type switchable between a first position of electromagnetically coupling a given pair of adjacent accelerating cavities and a second position of electromagnetically decoupling the same given pair of accelerating cavities. | ||||||
| 140 | Standing-wave accelerator | US699441 | 1985-02-07 | US4651057A | 1987-03-17 | Isamu Uetomi; Masakazu Kimura; Kazumasa Ogura |
| A standing-wave accelerator including a plurality of accelerating cavities arranged along the axis direction of the accelerator; a plurality of coupling cavities provided between the two-adjacent accelerating cavities; at least one of the coupling cavities is provided with a detuning device for detuning the coupling cavity; and the detuning device is provided to be inserted from a first wall of the coupling cavity to extend until it comes into contact with a second wall thereof, spacedly passed between a pair of inwardly projecting posts. | ||||||
QQ群二维码
意见反馈
意见反馈