Multistage vapor-liquid contact process for producing fresh water from salt water
阅读：47发布：2022-12-08
专利汇可以提供Multistage vapor-liquid contact process for producing fresh water from salt water专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且The invention is an improvement in distillation process for producing fresh water from salt water. The primary heat exchange is obtained by vaporizing a water immiscible fluid (such as a hydrocarbon) which boils at a temperature lower than water which is then recondensed by direct contact. Substantial simplification of plant, maintenance, etc. results. The invention is applicable generally to aqueous solutions of nonvolatile solutes, and to nonaqueous solutions of nonvolatile solutes.，下面是Multistage vapor-liquid contact process for producing fresh water from salt water专利的具体信息内容。
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the immiscible liquid is a hydrocarbon liquid (IL).
3. The process of claim 2 wherein the hydrocarbon liquid has two or more molecular species and has a substantial boiling range.
4. The process of claim 2 wherein the hydrocarbon liquid has a narrow boiling range.
5. The process of claim 2 wherein the aqueous solution is sea water.
6. A process according to claim 1 wherein heat is introduced into the system by at least one of the following methods: (1) compressing the vapor (IV) of immiscible liquid (IL); (2) compressing the vapor of water (WV); (3) direct injection of steam; and by (4) indirect heat exchange between a fluid circulating in the system and a heated fluid external to the system.
7. A process according to claim 6 wherein a portion of heat input to the system is by compression of at least one of the vapors (IV) and (WV), another portion of the heat input is by at least one of the methods consisting of direct injection of steam and indirect heat exchange of steam with a circulating circulating liquid phase, a gas turbine is employed to operate a compressor to provide said compression and waste heat from the gas turbine is used to produce steam which is used for the aforesaid steam heat input.
8. A process of producing fresh water from saline water which comprises the following steps: a. providing a first zone for heat exchange between the vapor (IV) of a water immiscible liquid (IL) and saline water (SW), a second zone for heat exchange between fresh water (FW) and water immiscible liquid (IL), a third zone for flash evaporation of saline water (SW) and a fourth zone for condensation of vapor (WV) of fresh water (FW), b. introducing into said first zone saline water (SW) and the vapor (IV) of a water immiscible liquid (IL), said vapor (IV) being hotter than the saline water (SW), said immiscible liquid (IL) having a lower boiling point than water, being less dense than water and having a substantial boiling range c. causing countercurrent flow of said vapor (IV) and said saline water (SW) in the first zone and causing condensation of the vapor (IV) and resulting heating of the water (SW) therein by at least one of the following means: (1) direct contact between vapor (IV) and saline water (SW) and (2) direct contact between vapor (IV) and its condensate (IL) and transfer of heat by direct contact of condensate (IL) and saline water (SW), d. separating and withdrawing from the first zone immiscible liquid (IL) resulting from condensation of vapor (IV) and also withdrawing heated saline water (SW), e. introducing the heated saline water (SW) withdrawn from the first zone into the third zone and introducing immiscible liquid (IL) withdrawn from the first zone into the second zone, f. flash vaporizing heated saline water (SW) in the third zone and introducing the resulting water vapor (WV) into the fourth zone. g. recycling unevaporated saline water (SW) from the third zone to the first zone, h. condensing water vapor (WV) in the fourth zone by direct contact with colder fresh water (FW), i. withdrawing fresh water (FW), including water vapor condensate produced therein from the fourth zone and introducing it into the second zone, j. effecting countercurrent flow and contact of immiscible liquid (IL) and fresh water (FW) in the second zone, thereby vaporizing immiscible liquid (IL) and cooling fresh water (FW), k. withdrawing cooled fresh water (FW) from the second zone and introducing it into the fourth zone to condense water vapor (WV) therein and withdrawing vapor (IV) of immiscible liquid (IL) from the second zone and introducing it into the first zone, l. withdrawing as product a portion of the fresh water (FW) circulating between the second and fourth zones and withdrawing a portion of the saline water (SW) circulating between the third and first zones, and m. providing heat input to the system to separate solvent from solute and to make up for heat losses.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the hot liquid saline water (SW) introduced into the third zone and the cool liquid fresh water (FW) introduced into the fourth zone are caused to flow in such manner that, as water vapor (WV) is distilled from each portion of the third zone it condenses in a portion of the fourth zone wherein the temperature of the liquid fresh water (FW) is only slightly lower than the temperature of the saline water (SW) in the aforesaid portion of the third zone.
10. The process of claim 8 wherein the immiscible liquid is a halocarbon.
11. The method of claim a wherein a substantial depth of immiscible liquid (IL) is maintained above the liquid aqueous phase in the first and second zones to seal the latter from the vapor phase.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein agitation is provided to promote contact of the liquid phases with one another but to minimize contact of the liquid aqueous phases with the vapor phases.
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