Liquefaction of natural gas
阅读：724发布：2023-05-16
专利汇可以提供Liquefaction of natural gas专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且A process and system for purifying and liquefying a natural gas stream. The stream initially is passed through driers and filters. The stream is then split and a minor fraction is passed through CO2 adsorbers and enters the refrigeration cycle for liquefaction. The major fraction of said split stream is workexpanded and passed through a heat exchanger wherein it is utilized for high level refrigeration. The said fraction is then sent to the distribution pipeline and not further used in the cycle. The remaining refrigeration is effected by a nitrogen cycle, which provides low level refrigeration, as well as part of the high level refrigeration requirements.，下面是Liquefaction of natural gas专利的具体信息内容。
1. A system for the low temperature liquefaction of natural gas and for the storage of the liquefied product, comprising, means for splitting a stream of natural gas into at least first and second fractions upstream of a heat exchanger means having a high and low level heat exchanger means; means cooling at least part of the said first fraction in the high level heat exchanger means, then directing the first fraction to expansion turbine means for work-expanding said first fraction to cool said first fraction and then returning said first fraction for heat exchange to said high level heat exchanger means, said high level exchanger means also reducing the temperature of said second fraction by heat exchange with said cooled first fraction, said low level heat exchanger means further reducing the temperature of said second fraction to at least liquefaction temperature by heat exchange with a low temperature nitrogen stream; conduit means for directing said second fraction through said high and low level heat exchanger means; a closed nitrogen refrigeration cycle having passes through said high and low level heat exchanger means, said nitrogen cycle including a source of gaseous nitrogen, means for compressing said nitrogen driven at least in part by the power developed at said turbine means, means for passing said compressed nitrogen through said high level heat exchanger means in countercurrent relationship with said cooled first fraction of natural gas to pre-cool said nitrogen, means to expand at least part of said pre-cooled nitrogen to further cool said nitrogen and means to pass said further cooled nitrogen successively through said low and high level heat exchanger means in countercurrent relationship to the said second fraction; LNG storage means, means for conveying the liquefied product from said low level exchanger means to said storage means; and means to selectively withdraw LNG from said storage means and furnish product to gas distribution means.
2. A system according to claim 1, further including conduit means for conducting said first fraction from said high level heat exchanger means to said distribution means.
3. A system according to claim 2, further including drier means for removing moisture from said stream of natural gas before the stream is split.
4. A system according to claim 3, further including carbon dioxide adsorber means positioned to remove carbon dioxide from said second fraction of said natural gas prior to liquefaction.
5. A system according to claim 4, wherein said carbon dioxide adsorber means and said drier means are respectively members of groups of such units, said system including means for activating one adsorber means and one drier means at a time, said system fUrther including means for regenerating the members of said groups with a flow of warm natural gas and for cooling said members following regeneration with a flow of cool natural gas and means for withdrawing a portion of said second fraction of natural gas for use in purging said regeneration and cooling flows to prevent an excessive build-up of contaminants.
6. A system according to claim 5, further including boil-off condenser means for receiving boil-off vapors from said LNG storage means and condensing said vapors, means for returning the condensate to said storage means to maintain the constituency at said storage, means for forming liquid nitrogen in said low level heat exchanger means, conduit means directing said liquid nitrogen to said condenser means to effect cooling thereat and means to return the nitrogen after passage through said condenser means to said low level exchanger means.
7. A process for liquefying natural gas, comprising splitting a natural gas stream into at least first and second fractions upstream of a heat exchanger means including a high level heat exchanger means and a low level heat exchanger means; removing moisture and carbon dioxide from at least said second fraction by passing said fraction through adsorption units; regenerating said adsorption units with warm and then cool streams of natural gas, purging said regenerating streams with a natural gas stream to prevent an excessive build-up of contaminants; cooling at least part of said first fraction in said high level heat exchanger means, then directing the first fraction to expansion turbine means for work-expanding said first fraction to cool said first fraction and then returning said first fraction for heat exchange to said high level heat exchanger means; reducing the temperature of said second fraction by heat exchange with said cooled first fraction at said high level heat exchange means; further reducing the temperature of said second fraction to at least liquefaction temperature by heat exchange with a closed nitrogen refrigeration cycle; using the power developed in said expansion of said first fraction to drive a compressor in said nitrogen cycle, engine-expanding a nitrogen stream in said cycle to produce low temperature nitrogen gas, using said low temperature nitrogen gas to liquefy said second fraction reducing the pressure of said liquefied stream to a desired storage pressure and directing the same to a storage facility; and condensing the boil-off from said storage facility by heat exchange with a stream of liquid nitrogen obtain from said nitrogen cycle.
8. A process as defined in claim 7, further comprising sensing the pressure in said nitrogen cycle and supplying additional nitrogen to said cycle to maintain desired cycle operation.
9. A system in accordance with claim 1, further including means for diverting at least a portion of said natural gas stream upstream of said heat exchanger means, and work expanding said portion at a second turbine means; and wherein said means compressing said nitrogen is driven at least in part by the power developed at said second turbine means.
10. A method in accordance with claim 7, further including diverting at least a portion of said natural gas stream upstream of said heat exchanger means, and work expanding said portion at a second turbine means; and wherein said means compressing said nitrogen in said nitrogen cycle is driven at least in part by the power developed at said second turbine means.
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