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Circuits for controlling solenoid energization to reduce heating

阅读:927发布:2023-05-13

专利汇可以提供Circuits for controlling solenoid energization to reduce heating专利检索,专利查询,专利分析的服务。并且A circuit is disclosed for initially supplying full-wave rectified alternating current (A.C.) to a solenoid and, after a predetermined time, supplying automatically half-wave rectified A.C. to the solenoid to reduce the heating thereof. Two controlled rectifiers (SCR''s) are connected with two diodes in a bridge configuration to supply, when both controlled rectifiers are conducting, a full-wave rectified A.C. to the solenoid. The first SCR is triggereed into conduction during each half cycle by a fixed firing signal. Pulses supplied by the collapsing magnetic field of the solenoid when the first SCR turns off in each cycle are used to charge a capacitor through a resistance connected across the gate and cathode of the second SCR thereby initially triggering the second SCR alternately with the first SCR into conduction in each cycle. However, as the capacitor charge builds up incrementally to maximum, the successive current pulses become smaller until they are insufficient to continue the triggering of the second SCR, which then turns off leaving only the first SCR conducting to supply half-wave rectified A.C. to the solenoid which is sufficient to hold its armature in but insufficient to cause abnormal heating. A diode gate controls the discharge path for the capacitor. This diode is reverse-biased by a circuit which clamps its anode to the most negative excursions of the applied A.C. voltage and prevents discharge of the capacitor until the A.C. voltage is removed, whereupon the capacitor is discharged and is thus reset for the next charging operation initiated when the A.C. is again restored. The first SCR may be replaced by a diode if low-level shut-off of the system is not desired.,下面是Circuits for controlling solenoid energization to reduce heating专利的具体信息内容。

1. A circuit for controlling the energization of a solenoid winding from an A.C. voltage source comprising: a controlled rectifier and a first diode connected in series and forming a path for current flow to the winding during successively similar half cycles of the A.C. voltage, second and third diodes connected in series and forming a path for current flow to the winding during the successively opposite half cycles of the A.C. voltage, means responsive to the periodic turn-off of said second and third diodes providing periodic triggering of the controlled rectifier during said similar half cycles and timing means for automatically terminating the further triggering of the controlled rectifier after a predetermined time following the initial conduction of the second and third diodes.
2. The circuit according to claim 1 wherein the timing means includes a capacitor, a resistance and a diode connected in series across said winding for incrementally charging said capacitor from the reactive voltage pulses induced in the winding following turn-off of the second and third diodes in each cycle.
3. The circuit according to claim 2 wherein a discharge path for said capacitor includes a discharge diode which is normally reverse-biased and which conducts to close the discharge path only when the A.C. voltage is removed.
4. The circuit according to claim 3 wherein the reverse bias is obtained by clamping diodes which clamp the anode of the discharge diode to the most negative side of the A.C. voltage.
5. A circuit for controlling the energization of a solenoid winding from an A.C. voltage source comprising a pair of controlled rectifiers and a pair of diodes arranged in a full wave bridge configuration having input terminals adapted to be connected to said A.C. voltage source and output terminals connected to said winding, means providing fixed triggering of a first one of said controlled rectifiers into conduction during each positive half-wave cycle of the A.C. voltage, means including a capacitor, a resistance and a diode connected in series across said winding for incrementally charging said capacitor from the reactive voltage pulses induced in the winding responsively to the turn off of the first controlled rectifier in each cycle, means responsive to said charging pulses for triggering said second controlled rectifier into conduction during each negative half-cycle of the A.C. voltage to provide full-wave energization of the winding and means responsively to the near attainment of a full charge on said capacitor for terminating the charging pulses and preventing further turn on of said second controlled rectifier to provide half-wave energization of the winding by said first controlled rectifier after a time interval related to the time required to charge said capacitor.
6. The circuit according to claim 5 wherein means for discontinuing the further triggering of the first controlled rectifier is rendered effective responsively to manual or automatic command whereby all current flow to the winding is terminated.
7. The circuit according to claim 5 wherein means for discharging the capacitor is rendered effective responsively to the removal of the A.C. voltage from the circuit.
8. A circuit arrangement for producing a stepped load current, comprising: an alternating-current source; a load to be energized from said source; a coupling network inserted between said source and said load, said network including a first branch and a second branch; electronic valve means in said second branch provided with a control electrode for selectively blocking and unblocking the flow of current therethrough; and biasing means for said electrode connected, upon closure of a circuit from said source via said network to said load, to be progressively charged until said valve means is switched from an unblocked condition to a blocked condition in which load current passes only through said first branch, thereby varying the magnitude of said load current from a relatively high starting value to a relatively low steady-rate value.
9. A circuit arrangement as defined in claim 8 wherein said coupling network is a full-wave rectifier with a first pair of arms constituting said first branch and a second pair of arms constituting said second branch.
10. A circuit arrangement as defined in claim 9 wherein said electronic valve means comprises a semiconductor element prOvided with two main electrodes in one of the arms of said second branch and with a control electrode, said biasing means including a capacitance and a charging resistance therefor serially connected across said main electrode and forming a junction connected to said control electrode.
11. A circuit arrangement as defined in claim 10 wherein said semiconductor element is a controlled rectifier with a cathode and an anode representing said main electrodes and with a gate representing said control electrode.
12. A circuit arrangement as defined in claim 11 wherein said charging resistance includes the cathode/gate resistance of said controlled rectifier.
13. A circuit arrangement as defined in claim 12 wherein said biasing means further includes a diode in series with said capacitance and poled in the forward direction of gate-current flow.
14. A circuit arrangement as defined in claim 9 wherein said load is predominantly inductive, said bridge including a pair of diodes forming a closed loop with said load.
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