Electric heat generating system
阅读：183发布：2021-07-18
专利汇可以提供Electric heat generating system专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且When an insulated conductor wire inside a steel tube carries alternating current as one leg of a circuit, and the tube itself carries the A.C. for the return leg, induction and magnetic effects develop which cause the A.C. flow to concentrate on the inner surface or skin of the tube, thus greatly increasing the resistance and the heat produced. No current is carried in the outer wall of tube; thus, there is no loss to ground or other surroundings. The heat-tube may be attached to or constructed so as to become an integral part of the wall of a pipe carrying a fluid, thus heating the pipe and the fluid. It may be the transport pipe itself, or it may heat an unenclosed body of fluid using heat supplied by direct contact of the fluid with both the conductor wire and the tube. The heat-tube may supply A.C. to other circuits either related or independent of the heating effect which may be quite unimportant in some of these cases.，下面是Electric heat generating system专利的具体信息内容。
1. A heat generating system comprising: a. at least one elongated hollow tubular shape made of a metal having magnetic properties and electrical conductivity; b. a source of AC having a first terminal and a second terminal; c. an electrical connection between said first AC terminal and one end of said tubular shape; d. an electrical conductor means extending through the inside length of said hollow tubular shape and insulated electrically therefrom; e. an electrical connection between said second AC terminal and the end of said electrical conductor means which is near the electrical connection of said tubular shape and said first AC terminal; f. an electrical connection between said tubular shape and said electrical conductor means remote from its electrical connection with said second AC terminal; g. an AC circuit established: i. from said second terminal of said AC source through the substantial length of said electrical conductor means inside the said tubular shape, thus producing heat in said electrical conductor means; ii. then back through the said tubular shape so as to produce a skin effect current concentrated in the inner skin of said tubular shape, said tubular shape having at least twice the thickness of said skin, said skin effect current thus producing heat in said tubular shape; and iii. finally back to said first AC terminal, to complete said AC circuit; h. means whereby a utilitarian fluid is caused to flow at a substantial velocity in direct contact with a surface of said tubular shape and in direct contact with said electrical conductor means; whereby i. substantially all of said heat produced in said electrical conductor means is transferred to said fluid; and j. at least some part of said heat produced in said tubular shape is transferred directly to said fluid from said surface of said tubular shape against which said fluid is directed.
2. In the system of claim 1, wherein said fluid is electrically insulative and said electrical conductor comprises a bare metallic member.
3. In the system of claim 1, wherein said inner surface of said tubular shape is expanded, whereby the rate of said heat transfer to said utilitarian fluid is increased.
4. In the system of claim 1, wherein the effective surface of said tubular shape for skin effect conduction of AC lies on a surface of an inscribing cylinder, but is less than the total area of said inscribing cylinder.
5. In the system of claim 1, wherein the efFective surface of the metal of said electrical conductor means for skin effect conduction of AC lies on a surface of a curcumscribing cylinder but is less than the total area of said circumscribing cylinder.
6. In the system of claim 1, wherein said electrical conductor means lies on the bottom of said tubular shape.
7. In the system of claim 1, wherein the metal of said electrical conductor means has magnetic properties whereby a substantial skin effect current is produced, flowing in the outer skin of the metal of said electrical conductor means.
8. In the system of claim 1, wherein at least some part of said elongated tubular shape is formed of an elongated strip wound as a helical coil with space between each turn of said coil, whereby said utilitarian fluid may be passed there through so as to directly contact said electrical conductor.
9. In the system of claim 1, wherein an external electrical circuit having a resistance representing an electrical load is connected in parallel from a point of said tubular shape and a nearby point of said electrical conductor means.
10. In the system of claim 1, wherein an external electrical circuit with a resistance representing an electrical load is connected in series with said electrical conductor means by a pair of conductors penetrating said tubular shape and electrically insulated therefrom.
11. In the system of claim 1, wherein an external electrical circuit with a resistance representing an electrical load is connected in series as a part of said AC circuit and forms the said electrical connection between said tubular shape and said electrical conductor means, remote from its electrical connection with said source of the AC.
12. In the system of claim 1, wherein said electrical conductor means comprises a metal tube.
13. In the system of claim 1, wherein said electrical conductor means comprises a metal strip of rectangular cross section.
14. In the system of claim 1, wherein said AC has a frequency of from 10 to 1000 cycles per second.
15. In the system of claim 1, wherein said electrical conductor means is on the longitudinal axis of said tubular shape.
16. In the system of claim 1, wherein the length of at least one of: - said tubular shape and said conductor, is expanded whereby the effective length of said AC circuit established is substantially greater than twice the axial length of said elongated hollow tubular shape.
17. In the system of claim 1, wherein said tubular shape is unenclosed.
18. In the system of claim 17, wherein the volume of said fluid is very large compared to the volume of said tubular shape.
19. In the system of claim 17, wherein the fluid flow is due, at least in part, to convection.
20. In the system of claim 1, wherein said fluid flow is substantially in one direction.
21. In the system of claim 20, wherein said fluid flow is substantially at right angles to the longitudinal axis of said tubular shape.
22. In the system of claim 1, wherein said surface of said tubular shape against which said utilitarian fluid is caused to flow is at least in part an external surface of said tubular shape.
23. In the system of claim 22, wherein the said utilitarian fluid is electrically non-conductive and is in direct contact with at least some part of the inner surface of said tubular shape and at least some part of the surface of the metal of said electrical conductor means.
24. In the system of claim 23, wherein at least some part of the surface of the metal of said electrical conductor means contacted by said moving fluid is expanded, whereby the rate of said heat transfer directly to said fluid is increased.
25. In the system of claim 22, wherein said outer surface of said tubular shape is expanded, whereby the rate of said heat transfer to said utilitarian fluid is increased.
26. In the system of claim 22, wherein the effective surface of the metal of said electrical conductor means for skin effect conduction of AC lies on a surfaCe of a circumscribing cylinder, but is less than the total area of said circumscribing cylinder.
27. In the system of claim 22, wherein said tubular shape has at least some part of its wall removed and open, whereby said utilitarian fluid passes through said wall at an angle of from 0* to 90* to the longitudinal axis of said tubular shape and flows at substantially the same angle across the surface of said electrical conductor means extending inside said tubular shape.
28. In the system of claim 27, wherein said open part of said wall of said tubular shape has the shape of a helix continuing some distance along and around said tubular shape.
29. In the system of claim 27, wherein said open part of said wall of said tubular shape is formed by a multiplicity of holes of a diameter less than the internal radius of said tubular shape.
30. In the system of claim 1, wherein said tubular shape has at least some part of its wall removed and open, whereby said utilitarian fluid passes through said wall at an angle of from 0* to 90* to the longitudinal axis of said tubular shape and flows at substantially the same angle across the surface of said electrical conductor means extending inside said tubular shape.
31. In the system of claim 30, wherein said open part of said wall of said tubular shape has the shape of a helix continuing some distance along and around said tubular shape.
32. In the system of claim 30, wherein said open part of said wall of said tubular shape is formed by a multiplicity of holes, each of a diameter less than the internal radius of said tubular shape.
33. In the system of claim 1, wherein said electrical conductor means is displaced at some distance from the axis of said tubular shape.
34. In the system of claim 33, wherein means is provided for varying the amount of said displacement of said electrical conductor means from the axis of said tubular shape during flow of said AC in said circuit.
35. In the system of claim 1, wherein said electrical conductor means is offset from the longitudinal axis of said tubular shape.
36. In the system of claim 35, wherein said electrical conductor means is closely adjacent to the inner periphery of said tubular shape for substantially its entire length.
37. The system for heating a transport pipe carrying a fluid to be transported in forced flow, comprising: a. at least one elongated transport pipe made of a metal which has magnetic properties and conducts electricity; b. a source of AC having a first terminal and a second terminal; c. an electrical connection between the first AC terminal and one end of said transport pipe; d. an electrical conductor means extending through the inside length of said transport pipe and insulated electrically therefrom; e. an electrical connection between said second AC terminal and the end of said electrical conductor means which is near the electrical connection of said transport pipe and said first AC terminal; f. an electrical connection between said transport pipe and said electrical conductor means remote from its electrical connection with said second AC terminal; g. an AC circuit established: i. from said second terminal of said AC source through the substantial length of said electrical conductor means inside the transport pipe, thus producing heat in said electrical conductor means; ii. then back through said transport pipe so as to produce a skin effect current on the inner skin of said transport pipe, said transport pipe wall having at least twice the thickness of said skin, said skin effect current thus producing heat in said transport pipe; and iii. finally back to said first AC terminal to complete said AC circuit. h. means whereby the transported fluid is forced through said transport pipe at a substantial velocity in contact with the inner surface thereof, and also in contact with said electrical conductor means; whereby i. substAntially all of said heat produced in said electrical conductor means is transferred to said fluid being transported in forced flow through said transport pipe; and j. at least some part of said heat produced in said wall of said transport pipe is transferred directly to said transported fluid from said inner surface of said transport pipe.
38. In the system of claim 37, wherein said fluid is a gas.
39. In the system of claim 37, wherein said fluid is a liquid.
40. In the system of claim 37, wherein said electrical conductor means lies in contact with the bottom of said transport pipe.
41. In the system of claim 37, wherein the metal of said electrical conductor means has magnetic properties, whereby a substantial skin effect current is produced, flowing in the outer skin of the metal of said electrical conductor means.
42. In the system of claim 37, wherein said inner surface of said transport pipe is expanded so as to increase the rate of said heat transfer to said fluid being transported.
43. In the system of claim 37, wherein an external electrical circuit having a resistance representing an electrical load is connected in parallel from a point of said transport pipe and an adjacent point of said electrical conductor means, whereby AC flows in said external electrical circuit.
44. In the system of claim 37, wherein an external electrical circuit having a resistance representing an electrical load is connected in series with said electrical conductor means by a pair of conductors penetrating said transport pipe and insulated therefrom.
45. In the system of claim 37, wherein an external electrical circuit having a resistance representing an electrical load is connected in series as a part of said AC circuit and forms the said electrical connection between said transport pipe and said electrical conductor means, remote from its electrical connection with said source of the AC.
46. In the system of claim 37, wherein said transported fluid forced through said transport pipe is substantially electrically non-conductive, whereby it serves to additionally insulate electrically said transport pipe from said electrical conductor means.
47. In the system of claim 46, wherein the surface of the metal of said electrical conductor means is in direct contact with said transported fluid, whereby heat produced in said electrical conductor means passes directly to said transported fluid without transfer through any other material.
48. In the system of claim 46, wherein at least some part of the surface of the metal of said electrical conductor means contacted by said transported fluid is expanded whereby the rate of said heat transfer directly to said fluid is increased.
49. In the system of claim 37, wherein said means for forcing said transported fluid at a substantial velocity produces a pressure at the inlet of said fluid, thereby forcing it from one end to the other of said transport pipe.
50. In the system of claim 49, wherein the total of said heat produced in said electrical conductor means and transferred to said fluid, and said heat produced in said transport pipe, is substantially equivalent to that lost from the surface of said transport pipe to its surroundings.
51. In the system of claim 37, wherein said electrical conductor means is displaced at some distance from the axis of said transport pipe.
52. In the system of claim 51 wherein means is provided for varying the amount of said displacement of said electrical conductor means from the axis of said transport pipe during flow of said AC in said circuit.
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