专利汇可以提供Aerosol smoke grenade专利检索,专利查询,专利分析的服务。并且The invention is an aerosol search and rescue (SAR) grenade. A smoke signal is produced that is comparable to the smoke signal produced by a pyrotechnic grenade. An aspirating provides a propellant gas/air mixture to a reservoir of smoke material. A container configuration and gravity operated valve provide for a smoke plume only in the upward direction. The smoke grenade is useful in life rafts. It is also useful in inland areas posing a risk of fire.,下面是Aerosol smoke grenade专利的具体信息内容。
What is claimed is:
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/165,571, filed Apr. 1, 2009, which is incorporated herein by reference.
The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to ammunition and explosives. More particularly, the invention relates to a smoke marker. Most particularly the invention relates to an aerosol dispersing grenade.
2. Discussion of the Related Art
The invention relates to a military search and rescue (SAR) grenade. Smoke marker grenades are stowed in life rafts for use in rescue at sea. Smoke marker grenades are also used on land to draw attention and to mark a geographical position.
Most smoke grenades comprise a hand held body which contains a smoke forming charge, a discharge composition and a primer/bursting charge to activate the discharge composition and generate the smoke. The smoke grenade is set off by igniting the primer, which in turn ignites the smoke charge and the discharge composition. The grenade body functions as a pressure vessel to contain the ignition and initial combustion long enough for the smoke to be generated and then to facilitate discharge of the burning contents as smoke. A disadvantage of the ignition type smoke grenade is the discharge of ignition and combustion products that can cause fires in the surrounding area. This is undesirable on land, in a life raft at sea and in most military and civilian environments.
Non-incendiary aerosol smoke dispersing grenades have been developed which overcome the danger of starting fires when producing smoke. These grenades rely on an aerosol can of pressurized propellant gas. The propellant gas is released through a valve and carries a quantity of solid particles or liquid into the atmosphere to create a smoke plume. The size of the smoke plume produced is limited by the amount of propellant gas in the aerosol can.
Inventor has discovered that the problems and deficiencies associated with known incendiary and non-incendiary smoke grenades and can be solved or greatly reduced by the use of an aerosol smoke grenade.
An aerosol smoke grenade comprises a hand held canister. The canister has a curved side wall. A cross-section of the curved side wall displays a major axis and a minor axis. The major axis is longer than the minor axis. Inside the body are at least one gas cartridge and an actuator for initiating flow of gas from the cartridge to an aspirating nozzle. An aspirating nozzle has at least one air aspiration port and a discharge end. The nozzle discharges to a powder reservoir. The powder reservoir has a discharge conduit which transports gas and powder to two powder discharge ports traversing the side wall. The discharge ports are located on the side wall proximate opposite ends of the minor axis.
The hand held grenade is actuated and thrown. The shape of the curved side wall causes the grenade to come to rest in a position such that one smoke discharge port is pointing up and one is pointing down. The discharge port pointing down is stopped. This results in a smoke plume directed upward. The air aspiration nozzle forms a smoke plume of greater size than could be produced by the gas cartridge alone.
The invention is described with reference to the drawing. The drawing discloses a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the generally broad scope of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Reference is made to
The powder discharge port 12 is indented from the surface of the side wall by the depth of spray cone 13, shown in
Reference is made to
Twist knob 18 is directly attached to bayonet block 20 and the two are manually rotated 10° to 30° on bolt 19 which is an axis of rotation. Bayonet block 20 includes ramps 25 in contact with bayonet pistons 46. The left ramp 25 is shown with bayonet piston 46 in front of it. The right ramp 25 is shown in front of the bayonet piston 46. As bayonet block 20 is rotated, bayonet piston 46 is forced up bayonet sleeve 46 for bayonet 50 to puncture the neck 68 of gas cartridge 70. Two gas cartridges 70 are shown. There could be one or more than two. The limit is the desire for simplicity of construction and that the grenade be hand held. In this embodiment the gas cartridges have a diameter W2 of 1.38 inch and a cylindrical body length L2 of 7.48 inches. The cylinder 70 has an internal volume of 114 cubic centimeters (cc) and contains 86 grams of carbon dioxide gas (CO2). These gas cylinders and bayonets are available commercially from Leland® Gas Technologies, 1611 Canady Road, Wilmington, N.C. 28411. Equivalent cylinders are available in a number of sizes containing carbon dioxide, Freon® or nitrogen.
Carbon dioxide gas flows through the neck 72 of cylinder 70 into expansion chamber 52 in mounting block 40 to confront rupture disc 54. Expansion chamber 52 and rupture disc 54 provide a few seconds delay, e.g. 2 to 3 seconds, in the initial flow of gas before smoke flows out of powder discharge port 12.
Rupture disc 54 breaks under gas pressure, allowing carbon dioxide gas to flow through aspirating nozzle 58. As seen in
Agitator tube 65 is positioned in smoke powder reservoir 68, also shown in
Smoke powder reservoir 68 contains packed powder for smoke or an obscurant. Smoke and obscurant compositions include a variety of metals, carbon and the like materials in the form of finely divided, solid particles. Such materials are used in the form of solid, finely divided powders, particles, flakes and the like collectively referred to herein as powder. Exemplary materials include titanium dioxide (TiDi), white silica powder, aluminum flakes, copper flakes, brass flakes and carbon flakes. Suitable finely divided solid particles or the like smoke forming materials may be prepared by conventional well known techniques. In addition, the powder may include inert powders to improve flow characteristics. The particle size and particle size distribution of the smoke forming materials can vary depending on the material used as well as the method of their preparation, as is known in the art.
In the alternative, smoke powder reservoir 68 contains a packed particulate non-lethal lachrymator powder. The particulate lachrymator is a powdered pepper derived substance, for example, oleoresin capsicum or capsaicin. CS (ortho-chlorobenzalmalononitrile) is tear gas powder. The active ingredient is in amount of at least 1% up to about 30%, with the remainder made up of an inert particulate matter or a marking particulate matter such as dye powder. More than one non-lethal irritant substance may be combined to provide a total of about 1% to about 30% or more lachrymator substance in the capsule.
Reference is made to
Smoke discharges from the upper port that is not blocked by stopper 12. The smoke is carried typically by 3 times the gas that would be carried by gas from the cylinder alone. As a result, the smoke plume is larger and potentially higher than it would be with only gas from the cylinder. In addition, no gas is propelled in the downward direction and thereby rendered ineffective.
The foregoing discussion discloses and describes embodiments of the invention by way of example. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from this discussion, that various changes, modifications and variations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
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