Летательный аппарат с вертикальным взлетом и посадкой, предназначенный для индивидуального использования, в котором подъемная сила создается воздушным винтом, реактивный момент от вращения которого компенсируется дефлекторами, отклоняющими воздушный поток от винта. Кроме того, в случае отказа двигателя или разрушения несущего винта дефлекторы препятствуют прохождению воздуха в обратном направлении так что при аварийном снижении создается значительное аэродинамическое сопротивление, снижающее скорость снижения до безопасной величины, то есть аппарат действует как парашют. Использование в конструкции, включая воздушный винт надувных элементов позволяет хранить и транспортировать летательный аппарат в сложенном состоянии.

This invention is an innovating solution to take advantage of the wind that invests the wheels, to transform it directly in power energy and to increase the driving force of the vehicles. The invention is a vehicle wheel that has at least one airfoil mounted thereon, the airfoil being arranged on the wheel body between the wheel rim and the central portion of the wheel. Keep driving, the airfoil deflects the air, resulting in an aerodynamic force can be resolved into two components: lift and drag. The air on the upper suction surface, which is longer than the lower pressure surface is forced to a flux with highest speed. Accounting for Bernouilli's principle the pressure on the upper suction surface will be less strong than the pressure on the lower pressure surface of the airfoil, for that the lift and the drag of the airfoil produce a downforce on the vehicle wheel. When airfoil is oriented at a suitable angle, the downforce exerts a torque about the central rotation axis of the wheel can be converted directly into driving force.

L' invention consterne un dispositif de transformation de l'énergie cinétique véhiculé par un écoulement aérodynamique ou hydrodynamique, en énergie cinétique exploitable, ce dispositif combine les deux configurations classiques Savonius et Darrieus, le dit dispositif est transformable, à géometrie variable, utilisant un aubage composé, et combiné à un système mécanique qui assure cette transformation, en passant d'une configuration à une autre selon la vitesse d'écoulement de l'air et les conditions externes. Cette turbine débute son cycle avec une configuration Savonius, et au fur et à mesure que la vitesse du vent augmente, elle se transforme en plusieurs turbines de type Darrieus imbriquées. ce qui fait qu'elle exploite les efforts aérodynamiques de type portance et trainée, qui présentent des complémentarités à plusieurs niveaux.

A system of sails with thick profile solves the technical challenge of construction design that will improve aerodynamic lift and reduce aerodynamic drag and will at the same time function in severe weather conditions, enable lowering of sail and will cause only minor additional weight on the mast. Assembly of main sail consists of the front part of the main sail (2), which is permanently mounted on the mast and rear part of the main sail (6) which can be rised or lowered. Mast (8) is mounted inside the construction of sail with the thicker profile. Assembly of the front sail is made of one part of sail textile (10) inside which is mounted tensed batten (14) that forms shape of the thicker profile.

A hybrid fuel airplane and methods are presented. A cryogenic fuel is transferred to an airplane propulsor from an airplane fuel system comprising a cryogenic fuel tank (302) and a jet fuel tank (310). The cryogenic fuel tank (302) conforms to an outer mold line and carries a cryogenic fuel, and is located in a portion of the airplane body while not extending beyond the outer mold line. The jet fuel tank (310) carries a jet fuel and is located in an airplane wing (306), or an airplane body, or both. A dynamic aircraft load is born on the cryogenic fuel tank, and the airplane propulsor is operated using the cryogenic fuel to generate thrust for the hybrid fuel airplane. An aerodynamic lift is generated using the airplane wing coupled to the airplane body.

Looped AirFoil Wind Turbine (LAWT) (10) is a novel wind turbine with a basic system of a triangular structure (14) utilizing both lift and drag aerodynamic forces produced by wind energy. The entire triangular structure (14) could either yaw to always face the wind direction (W) or stay in a fixed position. The LAWT system (10) uses airfoil blades (12) shaped like an airplane wing, traveling linearly on travel wheels (22) riding on travel tracks (50, 52, 54). While traveling up, the wings are powered by a positive lift force and drag force while using negative lift force and drag force when traveling downward. All wings (12) are connected by a segmented chain (16) which transfers the kinetic power of wheeled wing carriages (18) directly to multiple generators (26), requiring no gears.

A horizontal axis wind turbine blade configuration is provided which is adapted to dissipate the energy which would otherwise exceed the capacity of the energy conversion system, when the wind speed and/or the wind turbine rotational speed exceed(s) levels established by the particular design. Aerofoil section(s) (A) connected to a HAWT rotor hub dissipate some of, and under severe operating conditions can dissipate virtually all of, the energy that the conventional wind turbine blade(s) or blade section(s) extract from the wind. The aerofoil Section(s) (A) are configured to use aerodynamic lift in a similar manner to a propeller or lift rotor as the principle energy dissipation mechanism when the rotor speed exceeds a certain value for a particular pertaining wind speed, that rotor speed being an outcome of the overall design.

A wind turbine (1) including: a generator (6); a rotor (8) coupled to the generator; and a plurality of weights (9,10) distributed about the axis of rotation of the rotor to balance centripetal forces generated by the rotor in use. The weights (9,10) are provided opposite the rotor and disposed about 120 degrees apart from each other and the rotor in the plane of rotation of the rotor. The rotor (8) is tiltable with respect to a drive coupling (7) to the generator (6). Control means (3) controls the load applied to the generator to balance the centripetal forces and aerodynamic lift and drag generated by the rotor (8) in use to achieve a desired degree of rotor coning.

The present invention relates to a surface effect craft comprising a supporting deck structure having two pontoons mounted thereto in catamaran like fashion. A propulsion mechanism is mounted to a rear portion of the deck structure. A lift control member is disposed under the deck structure between the two pontoons. The lift control member is pivotally movable mounted to the front portion of the deck structure. A lift adjust mechanism pivotally moves the lift control member between a first position with the rear end of the lift control member being in close proximity to the surface and a second position with the rear end of the lift control member being in close proximity to the deck structure. Employment of the lift control member enables the craft to achieve surface effect at low speed and, furthermore, allows control of the aerodynamic lift in a wide range from maximum lift to negative lift. This substantially widens the range of surface conditions and speed the craft is operable, such as uneven ground, choppy water surfaces, snow, and ice.