Low noise wide band transducer system

申请号 US49896574 申请日 1974-08-20 公开(公告)号 US3927383A 公开(公告)日 1975-12-16
申请人 RCA CORP; 发明人 FJARLIE EARL JOHN; DOYLE THOMAS; TEARE MELVIN JOHN;
摘要 A transducer system of wave energy including both acoustical and electromagnetic wave energy in the visible and infrared range comprising a transducer such as a photo sensitive detector having a load resistor coupled to an amplifier which is arranged to operate at substantial unity gain. Positive and negative feedback is utilized to improve the bandwidth without degrading the noise performance. The SNR is substantially constant at the higher frequencies.
权利要求
1. A system for amplifying wave energy signals comprising: a field effect semiconductor device having a gate, drain, and source electrode, a two terminal transducer for generating an electrical current in response to receipt of said wave energy, one terminal being connected to said gate electrode and the other terminal being connected to said source electrode of said device, said transducer having inherent capacitance, a biasing impedance connected between a substantially constant voltage source and said source electrode of said device, said biasing impedance and said constant voltage source being arranged to operate said field effect semiconductor device in an unconditionally stable state at a gain approaching but less than unity, whereby, in response to said electric current, an electrical potential is developed at said gate electrode that is substantially the same as the electrical potential at the source of said device and said inherent capacitance of said transducer is significantly neutralized to a substantially negligible value. an amplifier coupled to said source electrode of said device for generating A negative feedback voltage in response to said electric current of said transducer, a two terminal load impedance having one terminal connected directly to said gate electrode of said device and the other terminal coupled to said negative feedback amplifier, said two terminal load impedance having an appropriately large ohmic value to maintain a large signal-to-nose ratio, whereby said negative feedback voltage effectively reduces the ohmic value of said two terminal load impedance, and output means coupled to said negative feedback amplifier for providing a system output signal in response to the receipt of said wave energy by said transducer, whereby said system is responsive with a substantially constant signal-to-noise ratio to said wave energy signals by neutralizing substantially said capacitance of said transducer while effectively reducing the ohmic value of said load impedance, said wave energy having a significant bandwidth.
2. A signal translating circuit responsive to wave energy signals comprising: a pair of field-effect semiconductor devices each having a gate, drain, and source electrode, input means coupled to the source and gate of one of said devices, said input means including a transducer generating an electrical current in response to receipt of said wave energy and a two terminal load impedance coupled to receive said electrical current from said transducer, said transducer exhibiting capacitance to said source and gate electrodes of said one device, the source electrode of said one of said devices being coupled to the gate electrode of the other of said devices. the drain electrode of said one device being connected to said source electrode of said other device providing thereby a common connection, means providing an electrical potential at said source electrode of said one device which is substantially the same as the electrical potential at said gate electrode of said other device and including a biasing impedance connected between a substantially constant voltage source and said source electrode of said one device, said biasing impedance and said constant voltage source being arranged to operate both of said field effect semiconductor devices in an unconditionally stable state at a gain approaching but less than unity, whereby, in response to said electrical current, an electrical potential is developed at said gate electrode of said one device that is substantially the same as the electrical potential at the source of said one device and said inherent capacitance of said transducer is significantly neutralized to a substantially negligible value, wherein, in response to said wave energy the difference in electrical potential between said source and gate electrodes and said gate and said drain electrodes of said one device respectively is substantially zero, to thereby substantially reduce the input capacitance between said source and said gate electrode of said one device and the stray capacitance between said gate and drain electrode of said one device, an amplifier coupled to the common connection of said one device drain electrode and said other device source electrode for generating a negative feedback voltage in response to said electric current of said transducer, said two terminal load impedance having one terminal connected directly to said gate of said one device and the other terminal of said impedance coupled to said negative feedback amplifier, said impedance having an appropriately large ohmic value to maintain a large signal-to-noise ratio, whereby said negative feedback voltage effectively reduces the ohmic value of said two terminal load impedance, output means coupled to said negative feedback amplifier for providing a system output signal in response to the receipt of said wave energy by said transducer, whereby said system is responsive to said wave energy signals with a substantially constant signal-to-noise ratio by neutralizing substantially said capacitance of said transducer while effectively reducing the impedance value of said load impedance, said wave energy having a significant bandwidth.
3. An amplifier system according to claim 2 wherein said wave energy signals are acoustical and said transducer is a hydrophone.
4. An amplifier system according to claim 2 wherein said wave energy signals are acoustical and said transducer is a microphone.
5. An amplifier system according to claim 2 wherein said wave energy is electromagnetic radiation and said transducer is a silicon photodiode.
6. An amplifier system according to claim 2 wherein said wave energy is electromagnetic radiation and said transducer is a germanium photodiode.
7. An amplifier system according to claim 2 wherein said wave energy is electromagnetic radiation and said transducer is a pyroelectric detector.
8. An amplifier system according to claim 2 wherein said wave energy is electromagnetic radiation and said transducer includes means to respond to pulses from an eribium laser.
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