STROM-WÄRME-STROM-SPEICHERVORRICHTUNG UND VERFAHREN ZUR LASTREGELUNG DERSELBEN

ELECTRIC HEAT AND ELECTRICITY STORAGE DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LOAD CONTROL THE SAME

description

The invention relates to a power-heat power storage device for storing and retrieving electric power. The invention further relates to a method for

Load regulation of electricity heat and power storage device.

State of the art renewable energy such as wind power or solar energy have the disadvantages that the available power as a function of time is subject to significant fluctuations, and that the timing of power generation and total generating power amount is not or only vaguely predictable, so a power supply which exclusively based on renewable energy, has an unstable behavior so that gaps and surpluses occur. To ensure a stable supply of electric power, it is necessary to store the generated power and time delay, usually within hours or days, releasing it again. It is also for stable operation of an electric network required short-term energy variations, such as occur, for example, in solar cells, when the sun is covered during a short period of time in a cloud, or when a large electric load is connected to the grid, compensate.

It is known to store electrical energy in so-called electricity-heat power-storage devices, also known as SWS-storage device. Such devices are referred to in English abbreviated as "Pumped Heat Electricity Storage Systems" or "PHES- system." SWS at a storage device, the electric current is converted into heat by using a working gas and with the aid of a heat pump and the heat stored in a storage container. Such storage containers are referred to as thermal potential memory or in English as "Pumped Thermal Electricity Storage". If necessary, the storage tank Heat is extracted and converted to a heat engine back into electricity. The SWS memory device thus allows to save electricity and delayed again deliver . the document WO2013 / 164562 discloses a SWS-memory device, said SWS-storage device has a limited possibility for regulation. in addition, the low system temperatures cause problems. document EP2147193B1 also discloses an apparatus and a method for storing and retrieving electric power. a disadvantage of this device, respectively of this process is the fact that the recorded and output electric power is difficult to control. the document EP2574739A1 also discloses a device and a method for storing and retrieving threaded retr electrical energy. This device, respectively, this method has the disadvantage that three memories are required, a

Heat storage, cold storage and a low temperature heat storage, which is very costly. Also, the taken and electrical power output can not be regulated, in particular no part load operation.

Summary of the Invention

The object of the invention is to form an electricity-heat power-storage device for the storage and recovery of electrical energy, which allows a more favorable absorption and release of electrical energy, and which, in particular an advantageous

Partial load operation allowed.

This object is achieved with a device comprising the features of claim 1. The dependent claims 2 to 9 relate to further advantageous embodiments.

The object is further achieved by a method having the features of claim 10. The dependent claims 11 to 20 relate to further advantageous method steps. The object is in particular achieved by a current thermal power storage device comprising a charging circuit and a Endladekreislauf for conveying a working gas, wherein the charging circuit and the Endladekreislauf comprise a common regenerator, which is conductively connected switchable either to the charging circuit or the Endladekreislauf fluid, a closed loop form and to the working gas supplied to the regenerator, wherein the charging circuit includes a first turbo-compressor and a first turboexpander, wherein the first turbo-compressor of the first turbo-expander and an electric motor is driven, wherein the Entladekreislauf a second

Turbo expander and a second turbo-compressor, wherein the second turboexpander drives the second centrifugal compressor and a generator, and comprising a

Control device and which allow the pressure of the working gas in the load circuit and / or in Entladekreislauf controlled to change in order to regulate the absorbable by the first turbo-compressor or the power deliverable from the second turboexpander power density changing device. The object is more particularly achieved with a method for load control of an electricity-heat stream storage apparatus comprising a load circuit first with a

Turbocompressor, wherein the first turbo-compressor mechanical power is supplied for heating a working gas comprising a Ent charging circuit to a second turboexpander, wherein the second turbo-expander for cooling the working gas

mechanical power is removed, wherein the charging circuit or the

Entladekreislauf comprises a common regenerator, which optionally with the

Charging circuit or the Entladekreislauf is connected to a closed circuit, so that either the heated in the charging cycle working gas is supplied to the regenerator, or taken from the regenerator hot working gas and is supplied to the Entladekreislauf, wherein the picked up by the first turbo-compressor mechanical power and / or the output from the second turboexpander mechanical power is controlled by changing the pressure of the working gas.

The inventive current heat stream storage apparatus includes two cycles, a charging circuit and a Endladekreislauf, and includes a common regenerator, wherein the regenerator is connected can be switched either to the charging circuit or the Entladekreislauf, to form a closed circuit. Throughout the charging cycle and the full Entladekreislauf a single, common regenerator is preferably arranged, that is, the charging circuit or the Entladekreislauf has no regenerators connected in series on. The single, common regenerator is preferably designed as a porous Feststoffregenerator. The single, common regenerator may advantageously be also formed of a plurality of parallel-connected Teilregeneratoren. In a possible embodiment of the common regenerator comprises a plurality of series-connected regenerators so that the regenerators along the charging circuit or the Entladekreislaufs are arranged. The inventive device also includes turbo compressor and turbo expander, that is, rotating machines, for compressing and expanding a working gas in the load circuit or in the Endladekreislauf. A turbo compressor of the charging circuit is preferably driven by an electric motor. A turbo expander of Entladekreislaufs drives an electric generator. By the

current inventive heat-storage device current absorbed or electrical power output is controlled inter alia by the fact that the density or the mass of the total located in the charging circuit, or in the

is changed Entladekreislauf located working gas, which absorbed by the circulatory process or output power changed. The inventive device can thus on the one hand with full load and at the other hand by means of

Density control also be operated at partial load. In a further advantageous

Embodiment comprises at least one turbo-compressor or a turbo expander of the charging circuit and / or the adjustable Endladekreislaufs Vorleiträder to pass through a

Position change of Vorleiträder an additional control option to have the recorded or output power of the cycle to regulate. In a further advantageous embodiment, the control of the recorded or electrical power output is effected by a combination of density control of the

Working gas and changing the position Vorleiträder. In a further advantageous

Embodiment, the regulation of the recorded or electrical power output by a combination of density control of the working gas and speed control of the turbocompressor and of the turboexpander.

The density control comprises a density change apparatus of the pressure

Working gas in the load circuit and / or in Entladekreislauf can be controlled both raise and lower to change on the pressure change of the working gas, the density of the working gas in the load circuit and / or in Entladekreislauf, and thereby the power consumed by the inventive apparatus or power delivered to regulate.

The inventive apparatus or the inventive method have the advantages that a simple, reliable and cost effective partial load operation is possible both on intake and output of electric power, and that the partial load operation has a high efficiency. Another advantage is the fact that a rapid adjustment or amendment of the recorded or electrical power output is possible. Another advantage is the fact that is a rapid change of energy output to energy input, and vice versa. The inventive device is therefore particularly well suited for operation in combination with renewable energy sources.

The inventive apparatus or the inventive method is also particularly advantageously suitable for the stabilization of an electricity network.

Electricity networks with a high proportion of wind and solar energy have a high

Residual load on, that is, a load or power to be applied by quickly adjustable power plants. It is known to use pumped storage power plants for a rapidly fluctuating supply of wind, solar, because store this energy surplus and release it again. Pumped storage power plants, however, are usually designed as a speed-rigid systems, and also have a significantly reduced efficiency in the partial load operation. therefore such pumped storage plants are poorly suited for use with variable electric power. The inventive apparatus or the inventive method uses turbo compressor or turbo-expander, which means rotating machines for the compression and decompression of the working gas, and have in combination with a mains electricity the advantages that a rapid change in the residual load can be followed without any problems, that a partial load operation with is possible high efficiency that in a possible embodiment, a variable speed operation is possible, and that the inventive device is suitable for stabilization of the electricity network, therefore, excellent. The inventive apparatus or the inventive method is thus capable of providing both system services required for stable operation of an electricity network, procurement of control performance and use of control energy, and is with respect to these system services superior to conventional pumped storage power stations. The inventive device is constantly compensate for the difference between generated and consumed electric power as part of its available storage capacity in the situation in an electricity network, and can thus ensure the stability of an electricity network. The inventive device is a hand operable in combination with renewable energy in particular to electric

To save energy and time delay release it. However, the inventive device is also suitable for network stabilization, in combination with renewable energy, or even in conventional electricity networks. A particular advantage of the inventive device is the fact that the provision of control power in the

Grid stabilization causes the largest cost, and that the inventive apparatus can produce such a control power. Compared with pumped storage power stations, the inventive device has the advantages that it is cheaper buildable that it is buildable in lowland that a smaller space is required, and that this relative landscape cause significantly less interference, and therefore encounter less resistance in the population ,

The inventive apparatus has on the basis of the rotating inertias of engine, generator and pump on an instantaneous reserve and is therefore capable of the frequency of an electricity network to stabilize extremely short notice. The inventive device is also capable of a change in density of the working gas and / or a

Position change of the Vorleiträder of turbo compressor and / or turbo-expander and / or a change of speed of turbo-compressor and / or turbo-expander shortly take control energy or electrical energy or deliver, and therefore a positive or negative primary control power which is usually to put in electricity networks within 30 seconds available or a secondary control power, which is usually to provide within 5 minutes, or even a

Minute reserve, which is usually to provide within 15 minutes give or take. The inventive power heat-power-storage device that could also be described as a thermal battery can be charged and discharged an electric battery similar in that in addition to a full charge at any time also a part loading or unloading a part possible. The storage concept of the inventive current thermal power storage device underlying allows preferably by a corresponding design of the sub-components of electrical power in the range between 1 to 50 MW, and preferably electric power quantities in the range between 1 to 250 MWh for storing and time delayed releasing it again. Due to the relatively large amount of energy storable electric energy or The inventive storage device for stabilizing a power supply of energy is fully renewable energy sources are particularly suitable.

The inventive memory device comprises a regenerator. A regenerator is a heat exchanger in which the heat is temporarily stored in a memory material during the replacement operation. When loading of the regenerator supplied from the hot working gas heat energy is transferred to the storage material and stored in the storage material. When unloading of the regenerator the storage material is fed to cool the working gas, in which the cool working gas deprives the storage material heat energy, so that the memory material is cooled, and the working gas is heated, whereby the heat extracted from the working gas heat energy is supplied to a subsequent process. In one possible embodiment, the regenerator comprises tubes through which the working fluid flows, wherein the tubes are thermally conductively coupled with the storage material, so that a heat exchange occurs. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the regenerator comprises a with

Storage material filled in the gas permeable inner space, wherein the working gas comes directly with the storage material in contact with and flows around this. Such a gas-permeable regenerator has the advantage that the heat transfer area is particularly great, since the storage material flows around from the working gas so that the heat can be transfer to the memory material particularly fast or this may be withdrawn because the

Working gas both during loading and when unloading into direct contact with the

Storage material occurs.

The invention is described below with reference to several embodiments in detail.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

In the drawings used for the explanation of the embodiments:

. Figure 1 is an electricity-heat power-storage device;

Figure 2 is a charging circuit in detail.

Figure 3 is a Entladekreislauf in detail.

Figure 4 is a further embodiment of an electricity-heat power-storage device.

Figure 5 is a charging circuit with four Teilregeneratoren.

Figure 6 shows a charging circuit with two Teilregeneratoren.

Figure 7 is a Entladekreislauf with two Teilregeneratoren.

Fig. 8 is a T-s diagram shown the influence of the change in density;

Fig. 9 is a performance efficiency diagram as a function of the number Teilregeneratoren;

Fig. 10 - 12 are each a diagram relating to receiving and discharging electric power in

Function of time at different operating procedures;

Fig. 13 shows a detail of the control method for a change of the output power.

In principle, identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the drawings. Ways of carrying out the invention

Embodiments are disclosed which is inter alia

making density control to Use.

The performance of a turbomachine is dependent upon the thermodynamic state of the engine, characterized by the enthalpy ΔΙι (Τ, ρ) and the mass throughput m of the machine. For example, the power P is a turbo expander or a turbine

P = m Ah (T, p) (1)

in which:

m: mass flow [kg / s]

Ah: enthalpy [J / kg]

T: temperature [K]

p: pressure [Pa]

The mass flow can be calculated to

m = p V (2) where:

p: density [kg / m ^3]

V: volume flow rate ^[m3 / s]

For the density applies:

P = p / (RT) (3) where:

R: gas constant [J / kgK]

Summing up the three-mentioned equations (1) to (3) together, results in the following equations (4a, 4b):

P = p V Ah (T, p) (4a)

P = p / (RT) V Ah (T, p) (4b)

According to equation (4) applies, that the power P of the turboexpander is proportional to the density of the pumped working gas. According to equation (4b) is true, that the power P of

is turboexpander proportional to the pressure p of the pumped working gas. Is the density of the working gas, or the pressure p of the working gas, for example, doubled, then the resulting power P. doubles the density of the working gas, or the pressure p of the working gas, for example halved, then the resulting power halved P.

The power consumption of a turbo-compressor or the power output of a turboexpander may thus be regulated by changing the density or the pressure of the working gas. A prerequisite is that at a density or pressure change, both the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the turbomachine raised

or is reduced. This is the case in a closed circuit. The inventive heat-electricity stream storage apparatus has two closed

Cycles on, the charging circuit and the Entladekreislauf, and uses the density change or the pressure change of the working gas for the recorded or the output power control.

As can be seen could 4a and 4b from the equations, the power consumption of

Turbo compressor or the power output of the turboexpander also be achieved by a change of flow rate. A regulation based on a change of the flow rate, however, has the disadvantage that the efficiency of the electricity drops heat-electricity storage device in the partial load or in the part-load operation excessively, so that a control of the density of the working gas is much more advantageous.

The performance of the turbo compressor or the turboexpander in the inventive power heat electricity storage device is explained in greater detail on a T, s diagram. Figure 8 shows the T, S diagram of the closed Entladekreislaufs 200 shown in FIG. 3

Figure 3 shows the closed Entladekreislauf shown in Figure 1. 200 which is designed as a gas turbine process, in detail. The closed Entladekreislauf 200 for the working gas A comprises a second turbo-compressor 210, a second turbo-expander 250, a second recuperator 230 having a first and a second heat exchanging passage 230a, 230b, a high-temperature regenerator 120, and a first cooler 270, the second turbo-compressor 210 via the shaft is coupled to the second turboexpander 250 and a generator 290,214. In Endladekreislauf 200 a density changing means 300 is disposed, which allows the density or the system pressure to change the upper and lower pressure level of the working gas of the working gas A A respectively. The Entladekreislauf 200 has a single regenerator, the high-temperature regenerator 120. Figure 8 shows the cycle with Yi or the T, S diagram, or the

Temperature-entropy diagram of the closed Endladekreislaufs 200 at a working gas A having a first density, a low density or a low pressure. Starting from the operating YIA comprising the lower pressure level, the working gas A by the second turbo-compressor 210 to the operating point _{Y] B} comprising the upper pressure level, compressed, in the present example from 2 bar to 8 bar. At standstill of the memory device 1, a pressure equalization between the lower pressure level and the upper pressure level is effected, so that indicates a standstill pressure, also known as "Settie out pressure" is established, which is between the lower and the upper pressure level. In the operation of the memory device 1 turns due to the compressor and expander, the lower and upper pressure level a. the working gas a is heated by the operating YJB to the operating Yic, in particular by the high-temperature regenerator 120, then relaxed in the second turboexpander 250 and to the operating YID, and thereafter by operating YIA cooled. the density or the system pressure of the working gas a is now raised to a second density, a higher density or a second system pressure, with the result that the cycle is shifted to the left. Figure 8 shows with Y2 this left-shifted cycle, or the T, s-diagram the closed

Entladekreislaufs 200 A at a working gas comprising the second density. Starting from

Y2A is operating, the working gas compressed by the second A turbo compressor 210 to the operating Y2B, in the present example from 5 bar to 20 bar. The working gas A is then heated up to the operating point Y c _2, then to the operating Y2D relaxed in the second turbo-expander 250, and thereafter cooled to the operating point Y _2A. The solid in Figure 8 lines represent isobars. The cooling process of the working gas A is thus carried out in two district processes Yi, Y ₂ almost along an isobar.

The operating behavior of the turboexpander and the turbo-compressor is dependent on the

Inlet flow rate, of the rotational speed and position of the Vorleitrades or Vorleiträder. If the turbo-expander operated in Entladekreislauf 200 at a constant speed, then the flow rate does not change. However, the density change has according to equation (1) means that the output from the turboexpander power is increased or reduced. Such a density control also has the advantage that the efficiency of the machine is unchanged preferably, and in that the cutoff temperatures of the cycles Yi, Y _2, and thus the process efficiency remains unchanged unchanged or essentially as shown in Figure 8 of the illustrated T, s chart is visible. The inventive current heat power storage device thus has the advantage that the

Entladekreislauf 200 output power, or in an analogous manner by the

can be controlled charging circuit 100 power absorbed by a density control, and that the efficiency of Entladekreislaufs or of the charging cycle at full load operation as well as at partial load operation remains constant or nearly constant. Thus, the given and received mechanical power of the inventive memory device 1, and, if a generator and a motor connected to the memory device 1 is coupled to the output and power consumption of the motor and generator through the pressure control and density control of the working gas A can be controlled.

In particular, the influence of the Reynolds number affects a limited mass on the efficiency of the turbo machines. The Reynolds number has an influence on the heat transfer of thermal cameras in the cyclic process. With increasing density or

increasing pressure of the heat transfer is enhanced with decreasing density and pressure of the heat transfer is reduced. The density control previously described with the result that the closed charging circuit of the present invention memory device, in particular the heat pump process of the closed cycle charging, both at full load and also at part load having a nearly constant efficiency. Likewise, the closed Endladekreislauf of the inventive memory device, in particular the

Gas turbine process of the closed Endladekreislaufs, an almost constant

Efficiency. The efficiency of the storage device remains constant or nearly constant even with a partial load.

Fig. 1 shows a current-current heat-storage device 1 for storing and

Recovery of electrical energy, hereinafter also referred to as an energy storage device. 1 The energy storage device 1 includes a charging circuit 100 to leads 101, a Entladekreislauf 200 to lines 201, a high-temperature regenerator 120, hereinafter also referred to as a regenerator, two density change devices 300 and switching means 400, 401, wherein the switching means 400, 401 so connected to the lines 101, 201 are connected, that the high temperature regenerator can be connected to a closed circuit 120 fluid conducting and can be switched either to the charging circuit 100 or with the Entladekreislauf 200, so that the charging circuit 100 and the Entladekreislauf 200 120 flow through the high-temperature regenerator successively in counter-current. A

Control device 500 is signal-conducting manner to the switching means 400, 401 and other, not illustrated in detail sensors and actuators to drive and the energy storage device 1 to measure state variables such as pressure, speed, temperature, power input, power output, etc.. Figures 2 and 3 show the charging circuit shown in Figure 1 100 and discharge circuit 200 including the density changing means 300 in detail. The high-temperature regenerator flows through a circulating in a closed cycle working gas, wherein the charging circuit supplying the high temperature regenerator heat, and wherein the Entladekreislauf extracts heat from the high temperature regenerator. In the charging circuit, the temperature of the air flowing into the high-temperature regenerator working gas is preferably in the range between 600 to 1000 ° C, and the temperature of the effluent from the high temperature regenerator working gas generally deeper, and preferably in the range between 400 ° C to 700 ° C. The working gas should preferably freely as possible flow through the high temperature regenerator and given it the heat or absorb. The high temperature regenerator preferably should satisfy the following, partly contradictory requirements:

· The heat capacity should be as large as possible, which means a regenerator of a densely packed material of high heat capacity.

• The pressure drop should be small. This could be a regenerator with low flow velocity.

• The coming of the flowing working gas in contact area should

be large and the flow velocity high for a good

Heat transfer is achieved.

• The regenerator should be durable.

The high-temperature regenerator 120 includes a solid storage material as well as a working gas A as a heat carrier, to exchange heat between the storage material and the flowing through working gas A. As the solid storage material for the high-temperature regenerator 120 porous refractory materials, sand, gravel, rock, concrete, graphite or a ceramic such as silicon carbide are suitable. The high-temperature regenerator 120 includes an outer shell 120 and an interior space, wherein the solid storage material arranged in the interior in such a way and / or designed such that the storage material flows through or for exchanging heat from the working gas A can flow around. The storage material is both the charging cycle and in Ent preferably loading cycle directly from the working gas flows around and thus comes into direct contact with the working gas. Advantageously, about 40% to 70% of the interior is filled with storage material, respectively are 30% to 60% of the

Storage volume filled with working gas A. The high-temperature regenerator 120 further includes, as seen in Figure 2, at least one inlet opening 120b and at least one outlet opening 120c to the flowing in the lines 101 and 201 working gas A to-the interior of the high temperature regenerator or dissipate, so that in the charging circuit 100 or in Entladekreislauf 200 circulating working gas A in contact, preferably in direct contact with the fixed memory material passes. Figures 1 to 3 shows a extending in the vertical direction or arranged high-temperature regenerator 120, wherein the working gas flows A loading from top to bottom and during discharging flows from bottom to top.

2 shows the illustrated in Figure 1 closed charging circuit 100 in detail. The closed charging circuit 100 for the working gas A comprises a first Turboverdichterl 10, a first turbo-expander 140, a first recuperator 130 having a first and a second heat exchanging passage 130a, 130b, the high-temperature regenerator 120 and a preheater 151, wherein the first turbo-compressor 110 common via a shaft is coupled to the first turbo-expander 140 and an electric motor 170 114th The first turbo-compressor 110 and the first turbo-expander 140 form the basic elements of a heat pump 2. The designed as valves switching means 400 are switched to fiow and the switching means 401 is not shown in Figure 2 are blocked, so that a closed load circuit is formed 100 in which the working gas A in the flow direction or in AI

Load flow direction AI flows. The working gas A is preferably argon or nitrogen is used. Starting from the high-temperature regenerator 120 is the working gas A

successively at least the first heat exchanging passage 130a of the recuperator 130, the first turbo-expander 140, the preheater 151, the second heat exchanging passage 130b of the recuperator 130, the first turbo-compressor 110 and then again fed to the high-temperature regenerator 120, to form a closed, fluid-conducting

Charging circuit 100. The charging circuit 100 includes a high pressure section 100a and a low pressure section 100b, the high-pressure section extends in the direction of flow AI between the first turbo-compressor 110 and the first turbo-expander 140 100a, and the low-pressure portion 100b in the direction of flow AI between the first

Turboexpander 140 and the first turbo-compressor 110 extends. A

Density change device 300 comprises a pressure vessel 301 via a line 305 and a valve 302 is connected to the low pressure section 100b, and via a line 306, a compressor 304 and a valve 303 is connected to the high pressure section 100a. Using the density changing means 300 to the charging circuit 100 may working gas A are taken controllable or can be supplied to the working gas A so that the density of the working gas A, and thus the power consumption of the first turbo-compressor 110 can be influenced, so that the charging circuit 100 controlled by a change in density at full load or an adjustable part-load can be operated. The working gas A is advantageously maintained under superatmospheric pressure in order to increase the power density of the compressor 110 and the turbine 140 and to improve the heat transfer in the caloric apparatuses such as the recuperator 130 or the preheater 151st The pressure of the working gas A is preferably held bar in a range of 1 to 20 and regulated.

In another possible embodiment, the density changing means 300 could be also designed such that the working gas A of the charging circuit 100 is discharged to the density reduction to the environment, and that the working gas is introduced A to the density increase, for example, from a pressurized storage again in the charging circuit 100 , Such an approach would be possible, for example, with an uncritical working gas A as nitrogen. Since the inventive power heat power storage device should be preferably operated over several thousand hours per year, however, when the working gas A is temporarily stored in a storage tank 301, it is more advantageous, especially when a relatively expensive gas as the working gas A such as argon is used. In order to prevent be disproportionately large the storage tank 301, it is advantageous to pump the working gas A by means of a compressor 304 into the storage container three hundred and first The compressor 304 is advantageously connected to the high pressure part portion 100a. The working gas A Whether again advantageously fed via the low-pressure section 11 of the charging cycle 100th

The first turbo-compressor 110, the first turbo-expander 140, the first recuperator 130 and the heater 151 constitute a heat pump 2. The by the preheater 151 and the recuperator 130 preheated working gas A is fed as feed gas to the first turbo-compressor 110, compressed therein, and learns by a temperature and pressure increase. The compressed working gas A is supplied to the high-temperature regenerator 120, cooled therein, subsequently further cooled in the recuperator 130 and then relaxed in the first turbo-expander 140 to be then preheated again in the preheater 1 and 1 in the recuperator 130th The first turbo-expander 140 and the turbo-compressor 110 are arranged on the same shaft 114 so that the first turboexpander 140 supports the driving of the first turbo-compressor 110th The shaft 114 is driven by the electric motor 170, wherein in place of the electric motor 170, another drive device is suitable, for example a turbine, or in general a combustion engine. To stored in the high-temperature regenerator 120 heat energy to discharge again is a Entladekreislauf 200 required. Figure 3 shows the closed Entladekreislauf shown in Figure 1. 200 which is designed as a gas turbine process, in detail. The working gas A, the same gas as in the charging circuit 100 is used, preferably argon or nitrogen. The closed Entladekreislauf 200 for the working gas includes a second A

Turbo compressor 210, a second turbo-expander 250, a second recuperator 230 having a first and a second heat exchanging passage 230a, 230b, the high-temperature regenerator 120, and a first cooler 270, the second turbo-compressor 210 via the shaft 214 to the second turbo-expander 250 and a generator 290 is coupled. The valves designed as a switching means 401 are switched to flow and the switching means 400 is not shown in Figure 3 are blocked, so that a closed Entladekreislauf forms 200 in which the working gas in the flow direction A and A2 in

Entladeströmungsrichtung A2 flows. The Entladekreislauf 200 is formed such that starting from the high-temperature regenerator 120 successively at least the second turbo-expander 250, the first heat exchanging passage 230 of the second recuperator 230, the first cooler 270, the second turbo-compressor 210, the second heat exchanging passage 230b of

Recuperator 230, and then the high-temperature regenerator 120 are electrically connected to form the closed circuit fluid with each other, wherein the working gas flows in the A Entladekreislauf 200 in the flow direction A2 or in Entladeströmungsrichtung A2. The Entladekreislauf 200 includes a high pressure section 200a and a

Low pressure section 200b, the high-pressure section runs 200a in the flow direction A2 between the second Turboverdichte 210 and the second turbo-expander 250, and the low-pressure section 200b in the flow direction A2 between the second

Turboexpander 250 and the second centrifugal compressor 210 extends. A

Density change device 300 comprises a pressure vessel 301 which is over the line 305 and the valve 302 is connected to the low pressure section 200b, and via the line 306, the compressor 304 and the valve 303 is connected to the high pressure section 200a. Using the density changing means 300 200 working gas A can be taken out or working gas A is supplied to the Entladekreislauf, so that the density of the working gas A and the power output of the second turboexpander can be influenced 250 thus so that the Entladekreislauf can be operated 200 adjustable with full load or partial load.

As illustrated in Figure 3 in the first cooler 270 is preferably cooled to ambient temperature U. As can be seen from Figures 2 and 3 flows in the high-temperature regenerator 120, the

Entladeströmungsrichtung A2 in the opposite direction to the loading direction of flow AI. The effluent from the high temperature regenerator 120. A working gas is expanded through the second turboexpander 250 and thereby cooled, and is then further cooled in the second recuperator 230 and in the first cooler 270, before the working gas in the second A

is compressed turbocompressor 210 and is then preheated in the second recuperator 230 to thereafter to flow back into the high-temperature regenerator 120th The second turbo-compressor 210 and the second turbo-expander 250 are arranged on the same shaft 214 so that the second turbo-expander 250 drives the second turbocompressor 210th The shaft 214 is taken by the generator 290 energy. In place of a generator and a working machine with the shaft 214 could for example be connected.

In a further advantageous embodiment 210a 140a could the first turbo-compressor 110 and the second turbocompressor 210 and preferably also the first turbo-expander 140 and the second turbo-expander 250 according to an adjustable inlet guide vane assembly 110, comprising 250a. An adjustment of this Vorleiträder allows the power consumption or the

Power output of the turbo compressor 110, 210 and the turbo expander 140, 250 to change quickly. Figure 4 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment of an energy storage device 1. In contrast to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1 to 3 energy storage device 1 having two separate recuperators 130, the energy storage device shown in Figure 4 1 a single, common recuperator 130. The working gas A is guided in such a switchable with the aid of switching means 400, 401 such as valves, that a charging circuit 100 and a Entladekreislauf created 200, similar to the charging circuit shown in Figure 2 and 3, respectively 100 and Entladekreislauf 200, except that only one , shared recuperator 130 is present.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment, the energy storage device 1 together with the charging circuit 100 and the Entladekreislauf 200 also includes another preheater system 1 0 for a circulating Vorwärmfluid V. The preheater system 1 0 and in particular comprises a first fluid reservoir 152, in which a heated Vorwärmfluid VI is stored a second fluid reservoir 222, in which a cooled Vorwärmfluid V2 is stored, and fluid lines 155, 224 and optionally conveying means 153, 223 to the

Vorwärmfluid V to circulate in the preheater system 150 and in particular the preheater 151 and the cooler 221 supply. In the illustrated embodiment, the heated Vorwärmfluid V, starting supplied from the first fluid reservoir 152 to the preheater 151, and then cooled Vorwärmfluid V supplied to the second fluid storage 222nd The cooled Vorwärmfluid V of the second fluid reservoir 222 is fed to a cooler 221, and thereafter Vorwärmfluid V heated to the first fluid reservoir 152, respectively. As

Vorwärmfluid V is preferably used water. The second fluid reservoir 222 could be designed as a container, so that the preheater system 150 forms a closed circuit. The second fluid reservoir 222 may also be configured open, instead of a container and a body of water such as a lake, would be suitable for receiving the cooled Vorwärmfluides V and for providing cooling fluid V.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the energy storage device 1 for storing electrical energy and for staggered delivery of electrical energy is used. Figure 4 shows such a storage device for electrical energy comprising the energy storage device 1 and comprising an electric motor 170 and a generator 290. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the electric motor 170 and the generator 290 to a single machine are combined to form a

so-called motor generator. The energy storage device 1 shown in Figure 4 is therefore particularly advantageous to manufacture, because only one motor generator 170/290, a single high-temperature regenerator 120 and a single recuperator are required 130th

The functioning of the shown in Figure 4, more advantageous

Energy storage device 1 will hereinafter be explained some details. The first turbo-compressor 110, the first turbo-expander 140, the first recuperator 130 and the preheater 1 1 form a heat pump in the charging circuit 100th The preheated working gas A is fed to the first centrifugal compressor 110, compressed therein and heated, and flows through the working gas A to the charging circuit 100. A working gas is then by the

High temperature regenerator passed 120, cooled in the process, and subsequently cooled again in the recuperator 130th The working gas A is then in the first turbo-expander 140 expanded to the lowest pressure in the charging circuit 100, for example to a pressure of about 1 to 5 bar, wherein the released thereby in the first turboexpander 140 energy is used to partially drive the first turbo-compressor 110th The working gas is flowing A then through the preheater 151 and is preheated there. The preheater 151 is connected to the preheater system 150 and applies the heat energy from the first fluid reservoir 152 for the warm Vorwärmfluid, in the illustrated embodiment as hot water. The Entladekreislauf 200 comprises a second turbo-compressor 210, configured as a between-cooled gas turbine compressor with a condenser 221, and includes the recuperator 130, the high-temperature regenerator 120, the second turbo-expander 250 and the first radiator 270 that cools U to the environment. The condenser 221 is connected via lines 224 to the

150 preheater system, said cold fluid is taken from the memory 222, is fed via the conveying means 223 of the radiator 221, and wherein the heated fluid is supplied to the memory 1. 2 Figure 5 shows a further embodiment of a charging circuit 100 having a

Density change device 300. In contrast to the example shown in Figure 2 charging circuit 100 of the charging circuit shown in Figure 5 comprises a single 100

High-temperature regenerator 120 consisting of four parallel Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d. In the entire charging circuit 100, a single regenerator 120 is thus arranged, that is, the charging circuit 100 does not sequentially connected in series on regenerators. The only regenerator 120 may be configured as a single container, or can, as in the embodiments according to figures 5 and 6 comprise a plurality of parallel-connected Teilregeneratoren. The charging circuit 100 includes a high pressure section 100a and a low pressure section 110b, wherein the Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d are arranged in the high pressure portion 100a, and wherein valves are arranged 307-310 and 321 to 324 to the Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, individually or 120d to connect a plurality of parallel fluid conducting manner to the high pressure section 100a. The valves 307 to 310 and 321 to 324 preferably have only switching on and off and for example, are designed as butterfly valves.

It may prove advantageous, for example for cost reasons, instead of a single large high temperature regenerator 120, a plurality of small, parallel-connected

Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d provide. The number of switched parallel

Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d may be of any size, with a number of 2 to 10 has proven particularly advantageous. Usually, only a single of the Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d, in Figure 5 for example, the Teilregenerator 120a, actively involved in the high pressure portion 120a into the circulation and flows through the circulating working gas A, while the other is temporarily inactive Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d which, because of closed valves, no fluid-conducting connection to the high-pressure portion 120a and thus decoupled from the charging or discharging process. The individual Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d are either heated or fully charged and are provided for emptying or for unloading prepared or they are cold and are available for heating or for loading ready wherein the upper end is generally hot, and the lower end is generally a lower temperature having. The individual Teilwärmspeicher 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d can also partially charged

or be partially discharged. The internal volume of a Teilregenerators is filled with a heat storage material, and a gas volume, the gas volume or the porosity of the storage material is preferably between 30-60% of the internal volume of the Teilregenerators. In an advantageous embodiment, the charging circuit 100 includes a density change apparatus 300 for power control.

The high-temperature regenerator 120, comprising a plurality of parallel-connected

Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d, can, as can be seen from Figures 1 to 3, by a corresponding switching of the valves 400, 401 conductive to form a closed loop fluid to the charging circuit 100 or be connected to the Entladekreislauf 200th

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the electricity-heat stream storage apparatus 1 is at least one and preferably a plurality of the inactive Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d or the volume of gas used for the intermediate storage of working gas A, thereby the density or the pressure of the charging circuit 100

or to change A in Entladekreislauf 200 circulating working gas to thereby control the power. Figure 6 shows such an embodiment with reference to an arrangement of the high temperature regenerator 120 in the charging circuit 100, the

High-temperature regenerator 120, comprises in comparison to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5 embodiment, only two parallel-connected Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, the arrangement in addition to the already disclosed in Figure 5 switching valves 307, 308, 309, 310, additional components includes, namely valves 312, 313 , 314 and lines 317, 318 and 319. These additional components, in combination with the Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, allow a

Density changing means 300 form, and therefore replace the density change device 300 illustrated in FIG. 5

The function of the density change device used in Figure 6 300 will be explained with reference to different operating conditions below. The charging circuit 100 includes a high pressure section 100a, in which the working gas A at a higher pressure, for example, 8 bar. The charging circuit 100 also includes a low pressure section 100b, in which the working gas A having a lower pressure, for example 2 bar. The first Teilregenerator 120a is activated, forms part of the loading circuit 100, and is flowed through by the working gas A. The second Teilregenerator 120b is used as the pressure accumulator 301, the second Teilregenerator 120b is not activated in the charging circuit 100, but serves as temporary storage for the working gas A. The mass of the working gas A in the charging circuit 100 is changed by A working gas between the second Teilregenerator 120b and the charging circuit is shifted 100th In the first operating condition the valves are open 309 and 310 and the valves 307 and 308 and the valves 312, 313 and 314 are closed, so that the first Teilregenerator forms 120a part of the charging circuit 100 and is flowed through by the working gas A, whereas the second Teilregenerator 120b is disconnected from the charge circuit 100th The pressure in Teilregenerator 120b is low, ie at 2 bar. The working gas in the high pressure section A 100a includes a high pressure of 8 bar. In this state, opening the valve 312 to the result that working gas A flowing through the line 319 into the second Teilregenerator 120b so that the charging circuit 100 mass is taken out and the density and the pressure of the working gas in the load circuit 100 thus decreases. As soon as the charging circuit 100 sufficient working gas A and a sufficiently large mass is removed, the valve 312 is closed again.

The pressure in the second Teilregenerator 120b rises to a maximum of the pressure of the first

Teilregenerators 120a, so that having an elevated pressure in a second operating state, the second Teilregenerator 120b. The maximum achievable pressure depends on the ratio of the volume of the active charging circuit 100 and the Teilregenerators 120b. In this state, opening the valve 313 to the result that working gas A via line 317 from the second Teilregenerator 120b flows into the low pressure section 100b so that the charging circuit 100 mass is supplied and the density and the pressure of the working gas A in the charging circuit 100 thus increases. As soon as the charging circuit 100 sufficient working gas A and a sufficiently large mass is fed to the valve 313 is closed again.

By this herewith described first and second operating state it is possible to use the second Teilregenerator 120b as a pressure accumulator 301 to change the mass of the working gas A in the charging circuit 100th 100 deliver an even greater mass of working gas A to the charging circuit

or discharge, it is advantageous for a plurality of parallel-connected

Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d provide, as shown for example in FIG. 5 In one possible embodiment, the first Teilregenerator 120a is part of the

Charging circuit 100 and is flowed through by the working gas A, whereas the second, third and fourth Teilregenerator 120b, 120c, 120d separated by valves from the charging circuit 100, but can be switched on in these. Each of these three Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d can be connected through valves to the high pressure section 100a or the low pressure section 100b so that an appropriate exchange of the working gas A between the respective Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d and the charging circuit 100 takes place. The more Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d are provided for the exchange of the working gas A, the greater the total mass of the working gas A, which can be exchanged between the charging circuit 100 and the Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d, which serve as mass memory. The supply and removal of working gas A in and out of the charging circuit 100 by switching valves described the example of the charging circuit 100 may be carried out in an analogous manner also in Entladekreislauf 200th 7 shows a Entladekreislauf 200 having a first and a second Teilregenerator 120a, 120b.

The Entladekreislauf 200 includes a high pressure section 200a, in which the working gas A at a higher pressure, for example, 8 bar. The Entladekreislauf 200 also includes a low pressure section 200b, in which the working gas A having a lower pressure, for example 2 bar. The first Teilregenerator 120a is activated, forms part of the Entladekreislaufes 200, and is flowed through by the working gas A. The second Teilregenerator 120b is used as a pressure reservoir 301a, the second Teilregenerator 120b is not activated in the charging circuit 100, but serves as temporary storage for the working gas A. The mass of the working gas in the A Endladekreislauf 200 is changed by A working gas between the second Teilregenerator 120b and the Entladekreislauf is exchanged 200th

In the first operating condition the valves are open 309 and 310 and the valves 307 and 308 and the valves 312, 313 and 314 are closed, so that the first Teilregenerator forms 120a part of the Entladekreislaufs 200 and is flowed through by the working gas A, whereas the second Teilregenerator 120b is separated from the Entladekreislauf 200th The pressure in Teilregenerator 120b is low, ie at 2 bar. The working gas A in the high pressure section 200a has a high pressure of 8 bar. In this state, opening the valve 312 to the result that working gas A via line 319 flows into the second Teilregenerator 120b, so that the mass is discharged Entladekreislauf 200 and the density and the pressure of the working gas in the Entladekreislauf 200 thus decreases. Once the Entladekreislauf sufficient working gas A and a sufficiently large mass is taken from 200, the valve 312 is closed again. The pressure in the second Teilregenerator 120b rises to a maximum of the pressure of the first

Teilregenerators 120a, so that having an elevated pressure in a second operating state, the second Teilregenerator 120b. The maximum achievable pressure depends on the ratio of the volume of the active charging circuit 100 and the Teilregenerators 120b. In this state, opening the valve 313 to the result that working gas A flowing through the line 317 from the second Teilregenerator 120b in the low pressure section 200b so that the Entladekreislauf 200 mass is supplied and the density and the pressure of the working gas A in Entladekreislauf 200 thus increases. Once the Entladekreislauf sufficient working gas A and a sufficiently large mass is supplied to the valve 200 is closed 313 again. By this herewith described first and second operating state it is possible to use the second Teilregenerator 120b as a pressure accumulator 301 to change the mass of the working gas in the A Entladekreislauf 200th

100 to supply or dissipate the Entladekreislauf an even greater mass of the working gas A is, as already described with Figure 6, an advantageous

providing plurality of parallel-connected Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d, as shown for example in FIG. 5 In one possible embodiment, the first Teilregenerator 120a forms part of the Entladekreislaufs 200 and is flowed through by the working gas A, whereas the second, third and fourth Teilregenerator 120b, 120c, 120d separated by valves from Entladekreislauf 200, but can be switched on in these. Each of these three

Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d can be connected via valves with the high pressure section 200a or the low pressure section 200b so that an appropriate exchange of the working gas between the respective A Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d and the

takes place Entladekreislauf 200th The more Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d are provided for the exchange of the working gas A, the greater the total mass of the working gas A, which can be exchanged between the Entladekreislauf 200 and the Teilregeneratoren 120b, 120c, 120d, which serve as mass memory.

The charging circuit 100 and / or the Entladekreislauf 200 may also include two or more pressure change devices 300th Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the Entladekreislaufs 200 comprising two pressure changing means 300. The first

Pressure change device 300 includes, as earlier described with reference to FIG 7, the

Accumulator 301, the valves 309, 310, 307, 308, 312, 313 and 314 and the corresponding lines, as shown in FIG. 7 The second pressure changing device 300 includes a pressure vessel 301, lines 305, 306, valves 302, 303 and a compressor 304. The charging circuit 100 and / or the Entladekreislauf 200 may include the first and / or the second pressure changing means 300th

Figure 9 shows the performance of the inventive memory device 1 at full and part load. The x-axis shows for charging the storage device 1 via the electric motor 170 supplied power Pz in percent, respectively for the shows

Discharging the heat dissipated by the generator 290 power Pz percentage. The maximum power PZMax corresponds to the maximum possible power of the motor or of the generator. The y-axis shows the charging process, the coefficient of performance of the

Heat pump process and displays for the unloading process the efficiency of the

Gas turbine process. The curve C comprises a first curve section Cl and a second curved section C2, and shows the operating behavior of an inventive

Storage device 1 comprising two parallel Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, as shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8. FIG. The first curve section C 1 shows the variation of coefficient of performance during the charging process or the efficiency in discharge at the in

Connection with Figures 6 and 7 described density control. The first

Curve section C 1 extends horizontally between 70% and 100% of the supplied or dissipated power Pz, which means that no change in the coefficient of performance or efficiency during unloading occurs in the range between 70% and 100%. The inventive memory device 1 thus has the advantage that it can also be operated in partial load operation during the charging and discharging with a constant figure of merit during charging and constant efficiency during discharge. The second curve segment C2 shows that The inventive memory device 1 two Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b can be operated at a supplied or dissipated power Pz of below 70% of maximum power comprising. This second curved section C2, which extends over a

Partial load range extends between approximately 45% and 70%, is by adjusting the

Vorleiträder 110a, 140a and achieved by adjusting the Vorleiträder 210a and 250a. The second curve portion C2 thus has on the one hand the disadvantage that the coefficient of performance during charging and the efficiency drop during discharging. On the other hand, the second

Curved section C2 has the advantage that the power consumption or power delivery of the inventive memory device 1 in a partial capacity range between 45% and 100% of the maximum supplied or dissipated power Pztnax can be operated.

The curve B shows the variation of coefficient of performance of the heat pump process or the efficiency of the gas turbine process for the charging or discharging process for a

Storage device without density changing means 300, so that the curve B is obtained only by adjusting the Vorleiträder 110a, 140a and by adjusting the Vorleiträder 210a and 250a. From a comparison of the gradient of the curves B and C can be seen that The inventive memory device 1 has the advantage that this has a constant or substantially constant course of coefficient of performance or efficiency in the partial load range between 70% and 100%.

The curve D shows the variation of coefficient of performance of the heat pump process and the efficiency of the gas turbine process for the charge or discharge for a

Storage device 1 having three Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, wherein the heat is stored, for example, in the first Teilregenerator 120a, and the second and the third Teilregenerator 120b, 120c are used as fluid storage. The heat could also be in the second or third Teilregenerator 120b, 120c are stored, so that the remaining two Teilregeneratoren form the fluid reservoir. The first curve section D 1 shows the variation of coefficient of performance during the charging process or the efficiency in discharge at the in

Connection with Figures 6 and 7 described density control. The first

Curve portion Dl extends horizontally between 50% and 100% of the supplied or dissipated power Pz, which means that no change in the coefficient of performance or efficiency during unloading occurs in the range between 50% and 100%. The second curve portion D2, which extends over a partial load range between about 25% and 50% is achieved by adjusting the Vorleiträder 110a, 140a and 210a and the Vorleiträder 250a.

The curve E shows the profile of the coefficient of performance of the heat pump process and the efficiency of the gas turbine process for the charge or discharge for a

Memory device 1 with four Teilregeneratoren 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d where the heat is stored, for example in the first Teilregenerator 120a, and the second, third and fourth Teilregenerator 120b, 120c, 120d are used as pressure accumulator. The first

Curve section E 1 shows the variation of coefficient of performance during the charging process or the

Efficiency during discharge with the described in connection with Figures 6 and 7 density control. The first cam portion El extends horizontally between 35% and 100% of the maximum power supplied to or discharged power P _z, which means that no change in the coefficient of performance or efficiency during unloading occurs in the range between 35% and 100%. This second curve portion E2, which extends over a partial load range between about 10% and 35% is achieved by adjusting the Vorleiträder 110a, 140a and 210a and the Vorleiträder 250a.

Figures 10, 11 and 12 show examples of possible method of operation of

inventive memory device 1. Figure 10 shows an example of a possible operation history of the memory device 1, for example in a stand-alone operation, wherein an electrical network with wind and / or solar energy is operated. The shape of the curve F shows in function of time from the

Memory input electric power, said electric power preferably represents the excess present in the electrical network performance. The storage device 1 is operated in heat pump mode and the energy on the charging circuit 100 stored so that energy corresponding to the shape of the curve H is stored. In this case, the heat pump according to the surplus power in the electric power,

For example, first operating at 100% of rated power Pz _max, then with a partial load of 20%, then again with a nominal output of 100% and then again with different partial loads. Here, the regenerator 120 is increasingly supplied heat energy. The curve H illustrates the stored energy in the regenerator 120 heat, the curve H starts with a memory filling from 0%, and wherein the regenerator is completely filled 120, to a storage level of 100%. In another example, at night for example, the electrical network constantly requires additional energy, such that the regenerator has to be discharged via the Entladekreislauf 200,120. Curve J shows a possible discharging of the storage device 1 in function of time. The curve J thus showing the operation of Endkreislaufes 200. Here, the second turbo-expander 250 and the generator G is first operated at 100% of rated power Pz _max, then with a partial load of 20%, then again with partial load of 80% and then further with

different loads. Here, the regenerator 120 is increasingly removed from thermal energy. The curve I shows the stored in the regenerator 120 heat energy, the curve I starts with a storage level of 100%, and the regenerator 120 is completely emptied in the course of time, up to a memory filling from 0%. 11 shows the performance of the storage device 1 when used to stabilize the grid of a composite electrical network, it does not matter whether the electrical network comprises renewable energy sources or not. In an advantageous

The method is continuously driven, the memory device 1 in a partial load range,

For example, with a partial load of 40% or 60% so that the storage device 1 can receive electrical power from the grid or dispose to this very quickly. The curve L shows an example of a course during a phase during which rather too much electrical power in the power grid is available. The course of the curve L shows the excess removed from the electrical power electrical power in function of time. The storage device 1 is operated in heat pump mode and the energy taken from the motor M via the charging circuit 100 and stored in the regenerator 120 so that energy corresponding to the shape of the curve L is stored. As can be seen the course of the curve K, the memory device 1 is operated continuously at the beginning with a deep Leillast of 20%. The storage device 1 is thus virtually in a waiting position in order to remove the interconnected system in a short time electric power. Here, the

Charging circuit 100 and the Wärmepumpe2 operated prepared according to the excess in the net electrical power in curve K by, for example, first run with 20%> of the nominal power Pz _max, then with full load of 100%, then with a partial load of 40%, and then again with different partial loads. Here, the regenerator 120 is increasingly supplied heat energy. The curve L shows the in

Regenerator 120 stored thermal energy, the curve L with a memory filling from 0% to start, and wherein the regenerator is completely filled 120, to a storage level of 100%. The curve O shows an example of a history during a phase during which the electrical power grid tends to be rather little electrical power is present. The course of the curve O is supplied to the electric power electric power in function of time. The storage device 1 is operated with the Entladekreislauf 200 and the energy taken from the regenerator 120 and fed via the generator G in the electrical power grid, so that electric power corresponding to the shape of the curve O is fed. As can be seen the course of the curve O, the memory device 1 is operated continuously at the beginning with a low partial load of 20%. The storage device 1 is thus virtually in a waiting position in order to supply the interconnected system in a short time electric power. Here, the Entladekreislauf 200 is operated according to the required on the net electric power, as shown in curve O, by example, first run with 20% of the nominal power Pz _max, then with full load of 100%, followed subsequently with a partial load of 20%, and again with different partial loads. Here, the regenerator 120 is increasingly removed heat energy. The curve N shows the stored in the regenerator 120 heat energy, the curve L starts with a storage level of 100%, and wherein the regenerator is completely emptied 120, up to a

Memory filling from 0%.

Figure 12 shows an example of an operation of the inventive storage device 1, which takes place during a recording or an output of electric power depending on the power requirement. This mode is particularly suitable for power stabilization. Figure 12 shows the curve P a heat pump mode of the memory device 1 in function of time. Here, the regenerator 120 as seen from the curve Q,

Thermal energy supplied. The graph Q shows the stored in the regenerator 120

Thermal energy. The curve R shows a turbine mode of the memory device 1 in function of time. The curve R thus showing the operation of Endladekreislaufes 200. The transition of the operation between the curve P, and R is such that, starting switched from the charging circuit 100 of the regenerator 120 in the unloading load circuit 200 so that the regenerator are withdrawn 120 by the gas turbine operation heat can. From the course of curve Q, the decrease of the stored energy in the regenerator 120 heat can be seen. 12 shows then with the curve T a heat pump mode of the memory device 1 in

Function of time. In this case, the electric network according to the requirements power is removed and the regenerator 120 as seen from the curve Q supplied heat energy. The curve F shows a gas turbine operation, the memory device 1 in function of time. The curve W thus again shows the operation of the Entladekreislaufes 200. In this case, the

Regenerator 120 as seen from the curve Q, deprived of thermal energy and the electric power supplied electric power. The inventive memory device 1 is operated in an advantageous method continuous with the method shown in Figure 12. Figure 13 shows an example of a method like that of the inventive

Storage device 1 and received by the charging circuit 100 power can be changed quickly. The curve P is the absorbed power in%, which is reduced from 100% of the actual power to 70%. The curve X shows the change of density in the charging circuit 10 in% 0th The curve X shows that the density in the charging circuit 100 is reduced, which, however, requires a certain time. The curve Z shows the relative position of the guide wheels 110a, 140a. The Vorleitradverstellung has at the beginning on the relative value of 80th In order to reduce the power consumption of charging circuit 100 or the storage device 1 quickly Vorleitradverstellung is changed to the relative value of 30, which has the consequence that the angle of the steered wheels is changed, the position of the Vorleiträder later back to the original relative value 80 is returned. The change in

Vorleitradverstellung has as seen from the curve P result, the power consumed by the motor M P rapidly decreases. The combination of Vorleitradverstellung the guide wheels 110a, 140a and change in density of the working gas A shown in Figure 12 has the consequence that the performance P can be changed in a short time. 12 shows a

Reducing the power consumed by the memory device 1 power P. In an analogous manner may also be an increase in the power consumed by the memory device 1 power P caused by the power consumed is increased in the short term by changing the Vorleitradstellung, then the density is changed in the working gas A, and the

Impeller position again assumes its original position as soon as the amended density has the effect that the power consumption of the predetermined services are provided. The method described is analogous usable in Entladekreislauf 200 by the the

emitted Entladekreislauf 200 electric power thereby can be changed quickly, that, as shown in Figure 13, the Vorleitradstellung the stators 210a, 250a changed in Entladekreislauf 200, wherein the density of the working gas A is changed, and wherein the Vorleitradstellung after a certain time , as shown in Figure 13, moved back again into the starting position.

Another method to change the output or input power of the inventive storage device 1 quickly is to change the original rotational speed of the compressor and expander. Such a speed change, in place of

Position change are used in combination with the position change of the Vorleiträder or Vorleiträder. The rotation speed is preferably as shown in the course of the curve Z, only temporarily changed until the density control can ensure the desired target value alone, so that the speed is operated again with the original speed.