| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 181 | Cryogenic control of emission of solvent vapors from mixers | US127872 | 1993-09-28 | US5367881A | 1994-11-29 | Gregory W. Henzler |
| A method is disclosed for the reduction of emissions of solvent vapors from a batch mixing vessel by cryogenically condensing such vapors in and adjacent the top loading hatch at a rate approximating their evaporation from the mix. | ||||||
| 182 | Process and apparatus for producing nitrogen and oxygen | US573922 | 1990-08-28 | US5305610A | 1994-04-26 | Douglas L. Bennett; Keith A. Ludwig; Robert F. Weimer |
| The present invention is a separation process for atmospheric gases. In the process, an atmospheric gas stream, for example air, is compressed and may be partly condensed prior to introduction into a vortex tube air separator. The performance of the tube separation can be upgraded, i.e. by improving the concentration and/or purity of the main oxygen stream, by enhancing the separator efficiency of the vortex tube (VT) apparatus. One approach is by selectively refrigerating the cold end of the tube with partial recycle of nitrogen gas waste stream, effecting a rectification section. Another approach is to increase the heat transfer between the outlet gas stream and the liquid film flowing along the curvilinear periphery of the separator means, by mechanical innovations in its configuration. | ||||||
| 183 | Apparatus and process for recovering solvents | US860288 | 1992-03-20 | US5231772A | 1993-08-03 | Klaus Hermanns; Gerhard Kusenberg; Norbert Hagenbruck; Michael Karthaus |
| A solvent recovery apparatus, in particular, for manufacturing apparatus of web-like materials, preferably sound tapes and video tapes, is equipped with a heat exchanger which returns a preferably larger portion of a gas prepurified of solvents downstream of a solvent separator via a line and heats it against the flow of the solvent-charged gas from the drier in order to return the preheated larger portion into the drier; a preferably smaller portion of the prepurified gas is freed from remaining solvent residues downstream of the solvent separator in a cryogenic apparatus, supplemented with a thereby vaporized part of inert gas in order to subsequently be supplied to transfer chambers of the drier to produce there a positive gas flow directed both into the drier and to the outside. The proposed method can be carried out on the apparatus describe. | ||||||
| 184 | Vapor collecting apparatus | US614708 | 1990-11-16 | US5150576A | 1992-09-29 | Richard A. Minzenberger |
| A vapor collecting apparatus for extracting a condensed, liquefied volatile component carried by a solvent gas. The apparatus includes a single cryogen-cooled vessel into which the gas stream is introduced, along with a flow of liquid cryogen, preferably liquid nitrogen. The output from the vessel contains droplets of condensed vapor which are separated from the gas solvent in a cyclone separator. | ||||||
| 185 | Natural gas treating system including mercury trap | US559877 | 1990-07-27 | US5096673A | 1992-03-17 | Douglas J. Gammie; Tsoung Y. Yan |
| A system for mechanically removing mercury from natural gas is provided. A mercury trap is positioned at substantially the coldest point in the system before a main heat exchanger. The trap includes a bend in the natural gas flow path, baffles, a demister and/or a perforated cylinder for changing the direction of the flow path and causing mercury to be deposited therein. | ||||||
| 186 | Cryopump | US466633 | 1990-01-17 | US5083445A | 1992-01-28 | Norihide Saho; Taisei Uede; Yoichi Ono; Hisanao Ogata; Takeo Nemoto |
| A cryopump for effecting a cooling operation by a freezing medium such as liquid helium. A plurality of radiation-heat shield plates for protecting cryopanels against an external heat radiation are provided in opposed relation to a gas inlet of the cryopump. Particularly, a plurality of groups of such radiation-heat shield plates are provided in such a manner that the radiation-heat shield plates of each group are arranged in a multi-stage manner in registry with one another in the direction of the depth of the cryopump and are disposed in parallel relation to one another. Each of the cryopanels is disposed adjacent to a rear surface of respective radiation-heat shield plates facing away from the gas inlet. With this construction, the gas molecules reflected by those radiation-heat shield plates and by a rear wall of the cryopump, are less liable to reach the gas inlet, and tend to be condensed at an increased rate on those cryopanels. | ||||||
| 187 | Gas cleaner | US543479 | 1990-06-26 | US5072592A | 1991-12-17 | Tsuneo Ishigaki |
| A gas cleaner dehumidifies a chamber or other container, into which air or other gases are supplied, in order to realize the minimizing of the moisture held therein, which is an indispensable requisite to quick evacuation. A hermetically sealed container of a thermally conductive material is immersed in a coolant filled in a coolant container. Filters of a thermally conductive sintered metal disposed in the hermetically sealed container cools and liquefies the gas admitted through a supply pipe and thereby removes the unwanted moisture. | ||||||
| 188 | Vapor treatment facilities for petroleum storage tank cleaning | US474514 | 1990-02-02 | US5017240A | 1991-05-21 | Earnest D. Brown |
| There is disclosed a method for the removal and recovery of hydrocarbons which are contained within the air/vapor mixture in bulk oil or gasoline storage tanks using fractional condensation with cryogenic cooling. The air/vapor mixture is flushed from the tank with fresh air and passed, successively, through several stages of a portable condenser train. When necessary, the first stage of the treatment comprises a caustic wash stage where the air/vapor mixture is contacted completely with a caustic solution to remove sulfur compounds. The desulfurized air/vapor mixture is then passed to the first condenser stage which condenses and removes substantially all moisture within the mixture. The de-humidified, desulfurized mixture is then passed to an intermediate stage where the heavier hydrocarbon fractions are condensed and separated and is then passed to a final condenser stage where it is cooled to a temperature of at least -100 degrees F., sufficient to condense substantially all hydrocarbon component therein. The cooling is accomplished cryogenically with direct or indirect heat exchange in each of the condenser stages, using liquid nitrogen. The treated air from the final condenser can be recycled as a source of the air to flush the bulk oil or gasoline storage tank. | ||||||
| 189 | Fast cycle cryogenic flex probe | US517325 | 1990-05-01 | US5009073A | 1991-04-23 | Dale J. Missimer; David T. Fyfe, Jr.; Joseph J. Housman; Scott M. Forrest |
| An elongated fast cycle cryopump device connected to a refrigerant source has a rigid head section adapted to extend through a pass-through opening of a vacuum chamber. The head end section has a feed tube and a return flow passage, the feed tube being connected to a valve for selectively receiving either a relatively cold refrigerant or a relatively hot refrigerant during different phases of operation. A flexible probe section connected to the rigid head end section is capable of being shaped in different ways to assume a preselected or variable configuration within the vacuum chamber workspace and includes a flexible feed tube connected to the feed tube of the head end section for carrying the refrigerants passing through the head section outwardly to the end of the flexible probe section. A flexible outer tubular member surrounding the flexible feed tube provides a return passage for the refrigerants along the flexible probe section and through the head section. When cold refrigerant flows in the flexible probe section during a vacuum cycle within a chamber, water vapor is condensed on its outer surface, and at the end of the cycle when hot refrigerant is flowing in the probe, condensed water vapor is released from the flexible probe section to the surrounding atmosphere. | ||||||
| 190 | Method of separating condensible vapors from particles in highly compressed gases | US318828 | 1989-03-06 | US4964278A | 1990-10-23 | Horng-Yuan Wen; Hwa-Chi Wang; Stephen Chesters |
| A method is described to remove condensible vapors in highly compressed gases without affecting the original particle spectra and concentrations. The vapors are separated from particles primarily through diffusion mechanism and collected on cold surfaces. Four important parameters are the length, the flow rate, the temperature, and the diffusion coefficients of the vapors to be removed. Important applications include sampling particles from high pressure gases and condensible vapor-free filling for ultra-pure cylinder gases. | ||||||
| 191 | Collecting vessels for collecting refrigerants from heat exchange systems and methods | US272728 | 1988-11-17 | US4922973A | 1990-05-08 | Bernie Keneavy |
| A Freon type refrigerant, which is vented from a heat exchange system, such as an air-conditioner, is transferred directly from the exhaust valve of the heat exchange system through a tube to a collecting cylinder or tank. The outer metal side walls of the collecting tank are wrapped with a chemically activatable cold wrap. The cold wrap may, for example, contain therein a rupturable pouch having a chemical blend of ammonium nitrate and urea to isolate same from water within the cold wrap. Upon rupturing of the pouch, the chemical blend is dissolved in the water and an endothermic reaction is initiated. As a result, the heat within the tank is absorbed therefrom by the cold wrap causing the temperature and pressure inside of the tank to drop. This permits substantially all of the refrigerant in the heat exchange system to be transferred into the chilled tank in a condensed or liquid state. Alternately, a series of coils in contact with a chemically activatable cold wrap can be used to also assist the refrigerant to flow from a heat exchange system into a collecting tank in a condensed or liquid form. | ||||||
| 192 | Cold trap | US268759 | 1988-11-09 | US4893792A | 1990-01-16 | Kiyomitsu Nemoto; Norikatsu Yokota; Yoshihiko Sato; Shigehiro Shimoyashiki; Kenji Mokuya; Hiroshi Haino |
| This invention relates to a cold trap for collecting impurities from liquid, which comprises a mesh screen and a spacer mesh having higher strength and wider mesh holes than that of the mesh screen interposed between the windings of the mesh screen. According to the present invention, since the spacer mesh supports the mesh screen over the whole surface thereof so that the mesh screen is protected free from break or deformation, the stiffness and collecting efficiency of the mesh section can be maintained prolongedly. | ||||||
| 193 | Vibration damped cryogenic apparatus | US792905 | 1985-10-30 | US4745761A | 1988-05-24 | Dipak K. Bazaj; David L. Swartz |
| A vibration isolated cryogenic apparatus mounted as a mass in a series of mass/elastomer/mass springed system. | ||||||
| 194 | High vacuum pumping system | US76426 | 1987-07-21 | US4722191A | 1988-02-02 | Paul F. Waltrich; Henry O. Herrmann |
| High vacuum pumping system employs a poppet valve having dual seats for respectively seating a pair of vertically disposed spaced valve discs thereon to define a closed position. A refrigerated cold trap is located within a dome portion of the valve, i.e., above the upper of the valve discs while seated, and a diffusion pump is mounted below the valve to evacuate the vacuum process chamber when the discs are elevated or unseated to define an open position. The cold trap and diffusion pump are mounted in parallel and form a common axis with the poppet valve thereinbetween. Means are provided to equalize the pressures within the dome and vacuum process chamber when the discs are seated. | ||||||
| 195 | Apparatus for the separation of a gas component from a gas mixture by freezeout | US745645 | 1985-06-17 | US4668261A | 1987-05-26 | Johann Chatzipetros; Helmut Hackfort |
| A cold trap for the removal of a component from a gas mixture includes a cooling coil, made up of cooling sections of highly thermally conductive material and intermediate sections of low thermal conductivity, and a heating coil arranged for controlling the inlet temperature to equal the saturation temperature of that component in the gas mixture, its outlet temperature to equal the saturation temperature at a desired residual concentration of the component in the mixture and the temperature of cooling surfaces between the inlet and the outlet at a temperature which substantially falls linearly from the inlet temperature to the outlet temperature. The cooling surfaces extend generally perpendicular to the principal gas flow direction and the residence time of the gas is comparatively large so that the gas is practically at the temperature of the cooling surfaces at all times and nucleation in the gas spaces which might lead to obstruction of the flow passages is precluded. | ||||||
| 196 | Cryopump and method of operating same | US716941 | 1985-03-28 | US4667477A | 1987-05-26 | Toshiharu Matsuda; Norihide Saho; Minoru Imamura; Nobuyuki Hosomi |
| A cryopump and a method of operating the same, with the cryopump being provided with a cryopanel adapted to be cooled with cold heat generated by a cold heat generating device, and remove the ambient gas, and a device for regulating the temperature of said cryopanel in accordance with the ambient conditions. The cryopump is capable of varying its pumping speed by regulating in accordance with the ambient conditions the temperature of the cryopanel which is adapted to be cooled with cold heat and remove the ambient gas. | ||||||
| 197 | Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in which a semiconductor substrate is subjected to a treatment in a reaction gas | US759996 | 1985-07-29 | US4647338A | 1987-03-03 | Jan Visser |
| A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in which a semiconductor substrate (1) is subjected to a surface treatment in a reactor vessel (2), through which a current (3) of a reaction gas is passed and is then pumped away by means of a mechanical pump (14) and a cooling trap (15) arranged between this pump (14) and the reactor vessel (2). The current of reaction gas (3) consists of a current (Q.sub.c) of gas condensable in the cooling trap (15) and a current (Q.sub.i) of an inert gas. According to the invention, a separate current (Q.sub.x) of an inert gas is conducted to the mechanical pump (14). This current (Q.sub.x) is practically equally as large as the current of condensable gas (Q.sub.c). Thus, a method is obtained, in which the partial pressure of the inert gas (P.sub.i) and that of the condensable gas (P.sub.c) in the reactor gas can be controlled to the optimum and separately. | ||||||
| 198 | Pnictide trap for vacuum systems | US581101 | 1984-02-17 | US4613485A | 1986-09-23 | Robert W. Parry; John A. Baumann; Rozalie Schachter |
| The present invention provides a trap for a vapor species, particularly a pnictide.sub.4 vapor species, for a vacuum system of the type including a vacuum chamber communicating with a forepump through a vacuum line. The trap may be positioned within the vacuum chamber itself, or in the alternative, the trap may be located between the vacuum chamber and the forepump. The trap includes a housing for a cracker, which may be a heated filament or a plasma, which cracks the pnictide vapor species into pnictide.sub.2. The walls of the housing are cooled so that the trapped pnictide species readily forms a film and adheres to the walls of the housing. The pnictide.sub.4 vapor species, which may be harmful to the operation of a forepump, is prevented from entering the forepump. A removable sleeve can be positioned in the housing so that the cracked species adheres to it. The sleeve may be removed from the housing for maintenance and replacement purposes. When the trap is located within the vacuum chamber itself, it also functions to reduce background pnictide.sub.4 pressure in that chamber. | ||||||
| 199 | Cryogenic deposition of catalysts | US588616 | 1984-03-12 | US4599869A | 1986-07-15 | Geoffrey A. Ozin; Karl Molnar |
| A reactor for performing reactions at very low, i.e. cryogenic temperatures has a collection vessel mounted above an electron gun to collect vaporized material such as metals, metal oxides, metal salts and metal halides. The collection vessel is maintained at a very low temperature, typically between 14.degree. and 77.degree. K., by a heat pump that also serves as a support for the collection vessel. A manifold introduces a reagent into the reactor between the electron gun and the vessel to react with the vaporized material and form a product. The product is condensed on the collection vessel which may then be inverted to provide a stable support for the collected product during further experimentation. | ||||||
| 200 | Fast cycle water vapor cryopump | US749805 | 1985-06-28 | US4597267A | 1986-07-01 | Scott M. Forrest |
| The disclosure relates to a refrigeration system wherein the evaporator of the refrigeration system is placed within a vacuum system as a "Meissner" coil previously described. Optionally it may be provided with extended surface(s). The cryosurface has a single tube passage for flow of either an evaporating low temperature refrigerant fluid for cooldown and continuous cold operation, or superheated compressed refrigerant gas for adding heat during the defrost cycle. Appropriate valves select whether cold fluid or superheated refrigerant gas flows through the tube in the cryosurface. A recuperative heat exchanger and a superheating exchanger preheat, in two stages, a cold compressed refrigerant gas stream after the gas has been rectified within the system. This superheated gas stream defrosts the cryosurface, flows back through the recuperative heat exchanger where it is recooled and then is reintroduced into the cold cascade heat exchangers. | ||||||
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