| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Cooling systems and methods | US13148000 | 2010-02-09 | US08907594B2 | 2014-12-09 | Michael Colin Begg; Frederick Thomas Goldie |
| An ion therapy system comprises a particle accelerator (1) mounted on a rotatable gantry (2). The particle accelerator includes a superconducting coil (17) which rotates about its axis as the particle accelerator rotates about the gantry axis in use to direct an output beam towards a target from different directions. The particle accelerator is rotatable through (180) degrees to move the beam through a corresponding arc. The particle accelerator includes cooling system arranged to cool the coil as the coil rotates. The superconducting coil (17) is mounted in a coil support (25). The coil is surrounded by a cryogen chamber (32) which is located radially outwardly from the coil (17) on the other side of the support (25). The cryogen chamber is in fluid communication with a cryogen recondensing unit (29) whereby vaporized cryogen may flow from the cryogen chamber (32) to the cryogen recondensing unit (29) to be recondensed in use before returning to the cryogen chamber. Thermally conductive means (40) is arranged to facilitate heat transfer from the superconducting coil (17) to the cryogen chamber (32) to vaporize cryogen contained therein in use and thereby remove heat from the coil. | ||||||
| 122 | Bi-directional dispenser cathode | US11957183 | 2007-12-14 | US08311186B2 | 2012-11-13 | Luke T. Perkins |
| A multi-directional dispenser cathode has a cathode body that supports a plurality of electron emitters which spanning open portions of the cathode body. Each electron emitter has an inward facing surface and an outward facing surface wherein the inward facing surfaces and an interior wall of the body define an interior volume that contains a heater. To selectively accelerate emitted electrons, an electrically distinct biasing electrode is in spaced relationship to the outward facing surface of each electron emitter and coupled to a biasing power supply effective to provide an intermittent positive voltage potential to the biasing electrode. The distinct biasing electrodes are provided with a positive voltage potential at different times thereby causing an intermittent burst of electrons. Among the applications for intermittent bursts of accelerated electrons are to generate radiation from a particle accelerator. | ||||||
| 123 | Methods and systems for accelerating particles using induction to generate an electric field with a localized curl | US12351234 | 2009-01-09 | US08264173B2 | 2012-09-11 | William Bertozzi; Stephen E. Korbly; Robert J. Ledoux |
| A method is described wherein the acceleration of a beam of charged particles is achieved using the properties of conductors to limit the penetration of magnetic and electric fields in short times compared to natural time constants. This allows the use of induction electric fields with a Curl localized to a gap to accelerate particles while coupling the accelerated beam to a power supply. Two methods of coupling the particle beam to the power supply are disclosed as exemplary. | ||||||
| 124 | COOLING SYSTEMS AND METHODS | US13148000 | 2010-02-09 | US20110285327A1 | 2011-11-24 | Michael Colin Begg; Frederick Thomas Goldie |
| An ion therapy system comprises a particle accelerator (1) mounted on a rotatable gantry (2). The particle accelerator includes a superconducting coil (17) which rotates about its axis as the particle accelerator rotates about the gantry axis in use to direct an output beam towards a target from different directions. The particle accelerator is rotatable through (180) degrees to move the beam through a corresponding arc. The particle accelerator includes cooling system arranged to cool the coil as the coil rotates. The superconducting coil (17) is mounted in a coil support (25). The coil is surrounded by a cryogen chamber (32) which is located radially outwardly from the coil (17) on the other side of the support (25). The cryogen chamber is in fluid communication with a cryogen recondensing unit (29) whereby vaporized cryogen may flow from the cryogen chamber (32) to the cryogen recondensing unit (29) to be recondensed in use before returning to the cryogen chamber. Thermally conductive means (40) is arranged to facilitate heat transfer from the superconducting coil (17) to the cryogen chamber (32) to vaporize cryogen contained therein in use and thereby remove heat from the coil | ||||||
| 125 | Injector for betatron | US11957257 | 2007-12-14 | US08035321B2 | 2011-10-11 | Felix Chen; Christian Stoller; Olivier Philip; Luke T. Perkins |
| An electron acceleration portion of a Betatron having a vacuum chamber with an interior wall spaced from an exterior wall with a main electron orbit located approximate to the exterior wall and the interior wall. An electron injector has an anode structured and arranged adjacent a wall selected from the group consisting of the interior wall and the exterior wall that is shaped so as to not impede the main electron orbit. There is at least one electron deflection plate disposed approximate an anode end of the anode and the main electron orbit. There can be two electron deflection plates spaced apart that form a gap of a width effective to receive emitted electrons from the electron injector. Such that, there is a voltage potential between the two electron deflection plates that is effective to deflect emitted electrons towards the main electron orbit. | ||||||
| 126 | Internal injection betatron | US12334495 | 2008-12-14 | US07994739B2 | 2011-08-09 | Felix K. Chen |
| A betatron magnet having at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of a betatron orbit, the betatron magnet further includes a first guide magnet having a first pole face and a second guide magnet having a second pole face. Both the first and the second guide magnet have a centrally disposed aperture and the first pole face is separated from the second pole face by a guide magnet gap. A core is disposed within the centrally disposed apertures in an abutting relationship with both guide magnets. The core has at least one core gap. A drive coil is wound around both guide magnet pole faces. An orbit control coil has a core portion wound around the core gap and a field portion wound around the guide magnet pole faces. The core portion and the field portion are connected but in opposite polarity. | ||||||
| 127 | Circular accelerator with adjustable electron final energy | US12473839 | 2009-05-28 | US07983393B2 | 2011-07-19 | Joerg Bermuth; Georg Geus; Gregor Hess; Urs Viehboeck |
| A betatron is provided for producing pulses of accelerated electrons, particularly in an x-ray testing device, comprising at least one main field coil, one expansion coil for transferring the accelerated electrons to a target, and one electronic control system of the expansion coil for applying an expansion pulse to the expansion coil. The electronic control system of the expansion coil is designed such that the time of the expansion pulse for adjusting the final energy of the electrons is variable relative to the main field. | ||||||
| 128 | Modulator for circular induction accelerator | US11857908 | 2007-09-19 | US07928672B2 | 2011-04-19 | Vincent Ernst |
| Described herein is a modulator circuit for generating discrete energy pulses in a device. The circuit includes a high voltage power source intermittently coupled to a saturable first inductor, a second inductor and a capacitor coupled in parallel between the high voltage power source and the saturable first inductor and second inductor. When the first inductor is unsaturated, its inductance is high and it isolates the capacitor from the second inductor. When the first inductor saturates, the inductance collapses and the capacitor discharges a high energy pulse into the second coil. By controlling the time to saturation, the timing of the pulses is controlled. The modulator circuit is effective to control pulses applied to a circular induction accelerator, such as a Betatron. | ||||||
| 129 | Betatron bi-directional electron injector | US11957228 | 2007-12-14 | US07916838B2 | 2011-03-29 | Luke T. Perkins; Christian Stoller; Sicco Beekman |
| A Betatron having a toroidal passageway disposed in a cyclical magnetic field with a main electron orbit circumnavigating the toroidal passageway. Within the toroidal passageway is a first electrode that is spaced apart from a second electrode. The combination of the first electrode and the second electrode define a central space having a first opening and a second opening. A cathode is disposed within the central space. This cathode has a first electron emitter aligned to inject electrons through the first opening and a second electron emitter aligned to inject electrons through the second opening. Electrons injected in a proper direction are accelerated in the main electron orbit. At a time of maximum electron acceleration, the electrons are deflected and impact a target that generates x-rays on impact. | ||||||
| 130 | Skew chicane based betatron eigenmode exchange module | US11880222 | 2007-07-20 | US07858951B1 | 2010-12-28 | David Douglas |
| A skewed chicane eigenmode exchange module (SCEEM) that combines in a single beamline segment the separate functionalities of a skew quad eigenmode exchange module and a magnetic chicane. This module allows the exchange of independent betatron eigenmodes, alters electron beam orbit geometry, and provides longitudinal parameter control with dispersion management in a single beamline segment with stable betatron behavior. It thus reduces the spatial requirements for multiple beam dynamic functions, reduces required component counts and thus reduces costs, and allows the use of more compact accelerator configurations than prior art design methods. | ||||||
| 131 | INTERNAL INJECTION BETATRON | US12334495 | 2008-12-14 | US20100150312A1 | 2010-06-17 | Felix K. Chen |
| A betatron magnet having at least one electron injector positioned approximate an inside of a radius of a betatron orbit, the betatron magnet further includes a first guide magnet having a first pole face and a second guide magnet having a second pole face. Both the first and the second guide magnet have a centrally disposed aperture and the first pole face is separated from the second pole face by a guide magnet gap. A core is disposed within the centrally disposed apertures in an abutting relationship with both guide magnets. The core has at least one core gap. A drive coil is wound around both guide magnet pole faces. An orbit control coil has a core portion wound around the core gap and a field portion wound around the guide magnet pole faces. The core portion and the field portion are connected but in opposite polarity. | ||||||
| 132 | Methods of constructing a betatron vacuum chamber and injector | US11431317 | 2006-05-10 | US07675252B2 | 2010-03-09 | Felix K. Chen; Joyce Wong; Gary W. Corris; Stephen Balkunas; Zilu Zhou; James G. Haug |
| A betatron structure having a donut-shaped vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber is made up of two or more pieces bonded together; an injector positioned within the vacuum chamber; and two or more magnets positioned to the outside of the vacuum chamber. A method of manufacturing a betatron structure, including: (a) fabricating two or more pieces; (b) positioning an injector on one of the two or more pieces; and (c) bonding the two or more pieces such that when bonded, the substrates form a hollow donut-shaped chamber. | ||||||
| 133 | BI-DIRECTIONAL DISPENSER CATHODE | US11957183 | 2007-12-14 | US20090153010A1 | 2009-06-18 | Luke T. Perkins |
| A multi-directional dispenser cathode has a cathode body that supports a plurality of electron emitters which spanning open portions of the cathode body. Each electron emitter has an inward facing surface and an outward facing surface wherein the inward facing surfaces and an interior wall of the body define an interior volume that contains a heater. To selectively accelerate emitted electrons, an electrically distinct biasing electrode is in spaced relationship to the outward facing surface of each electron emitter and coupled to a biasing power supply effective to provide an intermittent positive voltage potential to the biasing electrode. The distinct biasing electrodes are provided with a positive voltage potential at different times thereby causing an intermittent burst of electrons. Among the applications for intermittent bursts of accelerated electrons are to generate radiation from a particle accelerator. | ||||||
| 134 | CIRCULAR ACCELERATION APPARATUS, ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE GENERATOR AND ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVE IMAGING SYSTEM | US11860965 | 2007-09-25 | US20080079372A1 | 2008-04-03 | Hirofumi TANAKA; Takahisa Nagayama; Nobuyuki Zumoto |
| An objective is to provide a circular acceleration apparatus that can accelerate higher currents as well as avoid complex controlling of a deflecting magnetic field generated by an electron deflection unit. The circular acceleration apparatus is provided, which comprising a circular accelerator 2 including an electron acceleration unit 13 and a deflection-magnetic-field generating unit 14; an electron generator 1, to which a pulsed voltage is applied, to generate electrons for injecting to the circular accelerator 2; and a circuit element which generates the pulsed voltage for providing to the electron generator 1 by making the pulsed voltage applied to the electron generator 1 have at least one of a slow rising edge and a slow falling edge. | ||||||
| 135 | Electromagnetic wave generator | US11407332 | 2006-04-20 | US07310409B2 | 2007-12-18 | Hirofumi Tanaka |
| A compact and low-cost electromagnetic wave generator in which X-rays having high intensity can be generated and the energy of generated X-rays can rapidly be switched. In an electromagnetic wave generator including a circular accelerator, a deflection electromagnet incorporated in the circular accelerator focuses injected and accelerated electrons. The circular accelerator produces stable closed electron orbits in respective regions with respective widths in the radial direction of the accelerator. The closed electron orbits are stable during injection and acceleration of electrons. A target is arranged across only some of the stable closed electron orbits so that a collision region, where a circulating electron beam collides with the target, and a non-collision region, where a circulating electron beam does not collide with the target, are produced. Through control of respective patterns of changes with time of the deflection magnetic field, a given electron closed orbit is shifted between the collision and the non-collision regions, thereby generating X-rays. | ||||||
| 136 | Methods of constructing a betatron vacuum chamber and injector | US11431317 | 2006-05-10 | US20060261759A1 | 2006-11-23 | Felix Chen; Joyce Wong; Gary Corris; Stephen Balkunas; Zilu Zhou; James Haug |
| A betatron structure having a donut-shaped vacuum chamber, wherein the vacuum chamber is made up of two or more pieces bonded together; an injector positioned within the vacuum chamber; and two or more magnets positioned to the outside of the vacuum chamber. A method of manufacturing a betatron structure, including: (a) fabricating two or more pieces; (b) positioning an injector on one of the two or more pieces; and (c) bonding the two or more pieces such that when bonded, the substrates form a hollow donut-shaped chamber. | ||||||
| 137 | Beam accelerator | US10417218 | 2003-04-17 | US06713976B1 | 2004-03-30 | Nobuyuki Zumoto; Takahisa Nagayama; Yuko Kijima; Yoshihiro Ishi |
| A high performance beam accelerator in which accelerating voltage may be increased by applying a high excitation frequency to the accelerator core and controlling heat generation. The beam accelerator includes an annular hollow vessel with an annular passage, fixed magnetic field generators generating magnetic fields for deflecting and guiding a charged particle beam into an orbit, an accelerating gap for inducing an accelerating electric field, and an accelerator core for generating the accelerating electric field via the accelerating gap by changing magnetic state in accordance with electromagnetic induction. Injection to ejection of charged particles is completed within one cycle of the excitation frequency applied to the accelerator core. The accelerator core includes wound multiple layers of a ribbon-shaped soft magnetic alloy, 50 &mgr;m or less in thickness, and having a saturation magnetic flux density of 1 Tesla or more. | ||||||
| 138 | Circular induction accelerator for borehole logging | US598298 | 1990-10-16 | US5122662A | 1992-06-16 | Felix K. Chen; William Bertozzi; Gary W. Corris; William Diamond; Joseph A. Doucet; Jeffrey S. Schweitzer |
| A compact circular magnetic induction accelerator (betatron) for use as a borehole gamma ray source includes a field magnet and generally circular pole pieces composed of a class of ferrite having the general formula M.sup.2+ Fe.sub.2.sup.3+ O.sub.4, where M represents two or more divalent metal ions from the group consisting of Mn, Zn and Ni. The core magnet is in the form of two symmetrical closed loops, with one leg of each loop passing axially through the circular pole pieces. The field coil and the core coil may be arranged in series or in parallel, and switching circuits are provided for effecting electron beam capture and ejection. In an illustrative borehole application, the betatron is used as a gamma ray source in a bulk density logging tool. | ||||||
| 139 | Low-voltage modulator for circular induction accelerator | US598482 | 1990-10-16 | US5077530A | 1991-12-31 | Felix K. Chen |
| A modulator circuit for a betatron includes an independent low voltage D.C. powder supply, an intermediate low voltage capacitor connected to one side of the betatron winding, and a high voltage capacitor connected to the other side of the betatron winding. Unidirectional current devices normally permit current flow from the voltage capacitor, through the betatron winding to the high voltage capacitor. Energy is thereby transferred from the power supply and low voltage capacitor through the betatron winding to the high voltage capacitor. Switches are provided selectively to reverse the direction of current flow and thereby discharge the energy stored in both capacitors into the betatron winding to excit the betatron magentic circuit. Upon discharge of the high voltage capacitor, the unidirectional current devices once again restore normal current flow, so that the energy stored in the betatron electromagnet is returned to the high voltage capacitor. Repetition of this charging/discharging/recovery cycle pumps up the charge on the high voltage capacitor and multiplies the voltage. | ||||||
| 140 | Apparatus and process for the production of bremsstrahlung from accelerated electrons | US13058 | 1987-02-10 | US4845732A | 1989-07-04 | Roche Michel |
| The invention relates to an apparatus and to a process for producing bremsstrahlung. This apparatus comprises in a ferromagnetic member a circular cavity containing electrons rotated on a circular path under the action of a magnetic field induced by the ferromagnetic member and by means for inducing a magnetic field. The apparatus also comprises a circular target partly located outside the cavity and rotating in a plane perpendicular to that of the path of the electrons. The end of the target periodically traverses said path in order to interact periodically with the electrons on their path, so as to produce bremsstrahlung. Means are provided for varying the magnetic field in the cavity and are synchronized with the interaction period of the target on the electrons and are connected to the induction means.Application to all fields requiring the production bremsstrahlung. | ||||||
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