| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 81 | Measurement of air characteristics in the lower atmosphere | US11153802 | 2005-06-15 | US07317659B2 | 2008-01-08 | Andrew Louis Martin |
| Sodar systems and methods for acoustically sounding air are disclosed in which chirps longer than 300 ms—and preferably with durations of tens of seconds—are used along with matched filter and/or Fourier processing methods to derive phase signals indicative of air characteristics in range. A listen-while-transmit strategy is preferred, the direct signal being removed by subtracting the phase signals from two or more receivers located near the transmitter so as to be in the same noise environment. The resultant differential signals can be related to cross-range wind with range distance. In one example, apparatus (100) is employed comprising a reflector dish (102) over which one central loudspeaker (110) and four microphones (112, 114, 130 and 132) are mounted, the microphones preferably being located on cardinal compass points and having their axes (124, 126) slightly angled with respect to the vertical transmission axis (122). | ||||||
| 82 | Sodar sounding of the lower atmosphere | US10547117 | 2004-02-26 | US07178408B2 | 2007-02-20 | Andrew Louis Martin |
| A method and system for acoustically sounding the lower atmosphere involves the transmitting of an acoustic chirp and the processing of returned echoes and interference using wavelet and matched filter techniques. A single transmitter and four receivers may be used, with receivers located equidistant from the transmitter on the cardinal points of the compass. N, S, E, & W inputs are digitized and input to a wavelet filter (50) together with the transmitter chip signal (R or D) for the attenuation of the direct signal and ambient noise signals. The interference-attenuated signals are then processed in a matched filter (52) to extract phase and amplitude outputs (54 and 56), the phase output being unwrapped (70). The N and S phase signals and the E and W phase signals are then separately differenced (74 and 80) and the results used to compute (86 and 92) wind speed and bearing. Extracted amplitude signals (56) are put through a second wavelet filter (58) to remove echo clutter before being stored, along with the wind speed and bearing data in a range gate (96). | ||||||
| 83 | FLOW METER | US11465006 | 2006-08-16 | US20060288798A1 | 2006-12-28 | Harald Kroemer; Wilhelm Ofelein; Gunter Hauenstein |
| The invention relates to a flow meter for liquid or gaseous media, said flow meter comprising a measuring channel through which the medium flows, at least one inlet channel and at least one outlet channel and also at least one pair of ultrasound converters for emitting and receiving ultrasound signals, wherein for guiding an ultrasound signal from one ultrasound converter to the other ultrasound converter, at least one pair of reflectors is arranged in the measuring channel, the diameter of the measuring channel is reduced using a reducer in certain regions for guiding the flow of the medium, wherein the reducer is formed by a measuring channel insert, which is arranged on and/or integrated into the measuring channel inner wall, and which is used simultaneously for holding or fixing other functional parts. Furthermore, the invention relates to a flow meter, in which a flow guide plate is used as a holding plate for the pair of reflectors and stretches in the longitudinal direction of the measuring channel. In another embodiment at least two measuring sections each comprising at least one pair of reflectors and one pair of ultrasound converters are provided. | ||||||
| 84 | Measurement of air characteristics in the lower atmosphere | US10784686 | 2004-02-23 | US20040252586A1 | 2004-12-16 | Andrew Louis Martin |
| Sodar systems and methods for acoustically sounding air are disclosed in which chirps longer than 300 msnulland preferably with durations of tens of secondsnullare used along with matched filter and/or Fourier processing methods to derive phase signals indicative of air characteristics in range. A listen-while-transmit strategy is preferred, the direct signal being removed by subtracting the phase signals from two or more receivers located near the transmitter so as to be in the same noise environment. The resultant differential signals can be related to cross-range wind with range distance. In one example, apparatus (100) is employed comprising a reflector dish (102) over which one central loudspeaker (110) and four microphones (112, 114, 130 and 132) are mounted, the microphones preferably being located on cardinal compass points and having their axes (124, 126) slightly angled with respect to the vertical transmission axis (122). | ||||||
| 85 | Ultrasonic tomograph, system and method for ultrasonic tomographic measurement using same | US10482874 | 2004-05-07 | US20040177693A1 | 2004-09-16 | Frederic Cohen Tenoudji; Vincent Dewailly; Jean-Pierre Frangi; Jean-Francois Mourey |
| The invention concerns an ultrasonic tomograph for spatial and temporal characterisation of moving fluids such as air and water. Said tomograph comprises a plurality of pairs of ultrasonic transceiver probes, each pair capable of being oppositely inscribed on a circle around a fluid line of flow. The probes are therefore arranged on either side of the flow and neither modify nor disturb it. Each probe is capable of moving on a plane perpendicular to the line of flow. Indeed each probe is associated with a step motor. Each probe is a piezoelectric ceramic traducer which does not suffer any drift in time and which does not require re-calibration, which provides the inventive tomograph with temporal stability. Moreover, said tomograph is robust since said ultrasonic probes can be used in extreme conditions. The frequency of the ultasounds range between 30 kHz and 300 kHz. | ||||||
| 86 | Thin speed transducer sensor | US741817 | 1996-10-31 | US5838635A | 1998-11-17 | Karl Masreliez |
| A speed sensor for a ship, more particularly, a thin speed sensor which can be mounted in the hull of the ship and remain flush with the outer surface of the hull. The transducer assembly for the speed sensor is composed of two thin piezoelectric transducers mounted in a spacer plate that locates them in an exact position relative to each other. A baseplate and a coverplate are affixed by appropriate adhesive techniques to each side of the transducers to create a single transducer assembly. Holes through the baseplate and spacer plate permit electrical contact to each side of the transducers so that they may be stimulated to generate acoustic waves. The entire transducer assembly is significantly thinner than the hulls of most watercraft. Thus, a large hole completely through the hull is not necessary. Rather, a shallow recess approximately equal to the thickness of the transducer assembly is made in the hull to countersink the transducer assembly flush with the hull. A small hole to permit the electrical connections to be made to the transducer assembly can be made in the hull if desired. This invention provides for the easy manufacture and mass production of a thin transducer assembly which may be used on a wide variety of watercraft, including sailboards, waterskis, row boats, as well as speedboats and larger ships. | ||||||
| 87 | Thin speed transducer sensor | US338648 | 1994-11-14 | US5581515A | 1996-12-03 | Karl Masreliez |
| A speed sensor for a ship, more particularly, a thin speed sensor which can be mounted in the hull of the ship and remain flush with the outer surface of the hull. The transducer assembly for the speed sensor is composed of two thin piezoelectric transducers mounted in a spacer plate that locates them in an exact position relative to each other. A baseplate and a coverplate are affixed by appropriate adhesive techniques to each side of the transducers to create a single transducer assembly. Holes through the baseplate and spacer plate permit electrical contact to each side of the transducers so that they may be stimulated to generate acoustic waves. The entire transducer assembly is significantly thinner than the hulls of most watercraft. Thus, a large hole completely through the hull is not necessary. Rather, a shallow recess approximately equal to the thickness of the transducer assembly is made in the hull to countersink the transducer assembly flush with the hull. A small hole to permit the electrical connections to be made to the transducer assembly can be made in the hull if desired. This invention provides for the easy manufacture and mass production of a thin transducer assembly which may be used on a wide variety of watercraft, including sailboards, waterskis, row boats, as well as speedboats and larger ships. | ||||||
| 88 | Apparatus and method for non-contacting detection of respiration | US312756 | 1994-09-27 | US5509414A | 1996-04-23 | Bertil Hok |
| Apparatus and method for detecting air flow at the mouth and nose of a subject, including a transducer for converting electrical signals into ultrasound waves and vice versa, means for directing the ultrasound waves toward the mouth and nose of the subject and receiving return waves, and a detector to analyze electrical signals converted by the transducer from the return ultrasound waves. | ||||||
| 89 | Pulse echo technique for detecting fluid flow | US448446 | 1989-12-11 | US5031467A | 1991-07-16 | Frederick H. K. Rambow |
| A method and apparatus for detecting fluid flow behind an acoustically reflective structure using pulse echo techniques which do not depend upon measurement of a Doppler effect. A transducer is provided for generating a high frequency beam of acoustical energy in the form of pulses. The transducer is placed proximate, preferably adjacent, the reflective structure such that the acoustic beam is directed toward such structure. A transducer is also provided for detecting the acoustic reflections of the pulses, proximate the position from which the pulses originated, and generating corresponding electrical signals. An electric circuit is provided for subtracting a pair of acoustic reflection signals separated by a short interval of time to produce a difference signal from which the presence or absence of fluid flow behind the acoustically reflective surface can be determined. In the preferred embodiment, a preselected number of the difference signals are "stacked" by adding the absolute values of such signals to produce a "stacked" signal trace which is more susceptible to evaluation, especially for determination of relative flow velocities. | ||||||
| 90 | Ultrasonic transducers and applications thereof | US574065 | 1984-01-26 | US4519260A | 1985-05-28 | Chong-Cheng Fu; Levy Gerzberg |
| Transducer structures for use in volume flow measurements which generate a first uniform beam and a second focused beam within the uniform beam. The transducer may include concentric elements, a linear array, or combinations thereof. In a two element concentric array, a central disc generates a uniform beam and a peripheral annular element having a lens thereon defines a second focused beam within the first beam. In a linear array a plurality of juxtaposed linear elements define a scan surface and a segmented element within the linear element array defines a focused reference sample volume within the scanned surface. A concentric array having a plurality of annular elements is driven with amplitude weighting of each element in accordance with a Fourier-Bessel approximation to the desired beam pattern thereby electronically achieving ultrasonic beam width control. | ||||||
| 91 | Procedure and means for measuring the flow velocity of a suspension flow, utilizing ultrasonics | US432367 | 1982-09-30 | US4484478A | 1984-11-27 | Eino Harkonen |
| In a method of measuring the flow velocity of a suspension by ultrasonic echo pulse technique, two or several ultrasonic transducers, located at a distance from each other, are placed on the surface of the pipe conducting a suspension flow. An ultrasonic pulse is transmitted from the transducers through the pipe and an echo of the ultrasonic pulse is received after a time determined by the depth of the suspension. The echo pulses are received, and a low frequency signal contained in such pulses, caused by fibres or other particles in the suspension, is amplitude-detected. A second, or later, echo from the opposite wall of the pipe is utilized if a received echo is masked by the transmitted pulse. The signals derived from the transducers are compared by correlation and the flow velocity of the suspension to be measured is thus determined. The second echo from the opposite wall of the measuring pipe is preferably used. The ultrasonic pulse is delivered from the transducer perpendicularly against the opposite wall of the pipe and is reflected back to the transducer side of the pipe when it is reflected again back to the opposite side and once again reflected to the transducer. | ||||||
| 92 | Ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter | US354620 | 1982-03-04 | US4438652A | 1984-03-27 | Kouji Saito |
| An ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter in which a received signal processing part includes a reference signal generator for generating a reference signal corresponding to the magnitude of a received signal, and a comparator for comparing the received signal with the reference signal. The reference signal varies in accordance with the magnitude of the received signal, and further may possess a hysteresis width corresponding to the output of the comparator. Therefore, a noise signal is effectively removed from the received signal at the comparator, and only a Doppler shift frequency is detected. | ||||||
| 93 | Fluid flow monitors | US215906 | 1980-12-12 | US4418579A | 1983-12-06 | Peter F. Harrington |
| A fluid flow monitor of the sort which detects of rate of formation of Karman vortices caused by a vortex inducing element in a fluid flow along a passage is provided with at least one formation associated with at least one side of the passage and tending to interfere with fluid flow along the passage, the formation being provided on the downstream side of the vortex inducing element. | ||||||
| 94 | Measurement of relative velocities | US785 | 1979-01-03 | US4248085A | 1981-02-03 | John Coulthard |
| An apparatus and method for measuring the velocity of a relative movement between first and second bodies or between a first body and a fluid. The first body may be stationary and the second body a moving body, such as hot strip steel. Alternatively, the first body may be an aircraft or ship whose velocity is to be measured or it may be a pipe or duct along which a fluid is flowing. At least two detectors are mounted on the first body and serve to detect noise signals representing disturbances in the fluid or on the second body. Correlating means generate data for producing at least two correlation or autocorrelation curves from the signals from the detectors. The data from the correlating means is then combined to enable production of a combined cross-correlation or auto-correlation curve, from which the relative velocity can be computed. | ||||||
| 95 | Fluidic pressure ratio sensor | US42470 | 1979-05-25 | US4244212A | 1981-01-13 | David A. Stignani |
| A pressure ratio detector having a housing with a flow channel through the housing. A plug, having helical grooves, is positioned in the flow channel. A sudden expansion region is provided in the flow channel downstream of the plug which induces a nutation in the flow. The acoustic nutational frequencies are measured with a piezoelectric transducer to provide an output signal proportional to the pressure ratio across the device. An orifice device is provided in the inlet to adapt the device for measuring pressure ratios greater than 2.0. | ||||||
| 96 | Device for measuring a component of wind speed | US924013 | 1978-07-11 | US4182570A | 1980-01-08 | Gilbert Courrier; Michel Duchet; Michele Leblanc; Jacques Moirez |
| A laser generator (1,2,3) is arranged to generate successive pairs of pulses. Two light receivers (10,11) in the vicinity of the laser generator receive echos of the pulses as reflected from a target and a processing circuit (15) calculates the component of wind speed blowing across the laser axis between the laser generator and the target. The device can be combined with laser ranging means and used for artillery control. | ||||||
| 97 | Correlators | US555250 | 1975-03-04 | US4019038A | 1977-04-19 | Donald Louis Critten; Peter Alan Johnson |
| The speed of flow of a fluid is measured by transmitting across the flowing fluid upstream and downstream ultrasonic energy beams, transmitted beams, deriving electrical outputs therefrom, detecting the outputs to provide upstream and downstream detected signals representing noise imparted to the transmitted radiant energy beams by the flowing fluid, digitizing the detected signals, and imposing a time delay or delays on the upstream signal corresponding to the time delay between the upstream and downstream signals due to the spacing of the receiver means. A shift register imposes the time delay or delays and the transmission time of the shift register is controlled in response to the product of the signals. | ||||||
| 98 | Engine control systems | US459398 | 1974-04-09 | US3967596A | 1976-07-06 | Peter Nigel Comley |
| An engine control system utilizes a vortex whistle for producing an acoustic signal the frequency of which varies with the rate of flow of air passing through the inlet manifold of the engine, and a control device for controlling an engine characteristic, such as the rate at which fuel is injected into the manifold, in accordance with the frequency of this acoustic signal. | ||||||
| 99 | Ultrasonic velocity and mass flowmeter | US19495771 | 1971-11-02 | US3807228A | 1974-04-30 | MATZUK T |
| A system for measuring the velocity of a flowing stream in a hostile environment, such as at high pressure and high temperature, by focusing acoustical energy through the conduit to a location within the stream to thereby remotely create ''''hot spots'''' which function as tracers. The travel time of the ''''hot spots'''' from a tracer production station to a detection station is used to find velocity. Means to make a focusing traverse to aid in mass flow determination is also provided.
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| 100 | Sonic velocity sensing | US3680375D | 1969-09-12 | US3680375A | 1972-08-01 | JOY ROBERT D; COLTON RUSSELL F |
| This disclosure describes a method and apparatus for determining the relative velocity between an object and a fluid stream. A vortex strut attached to the object is located in the fluid stream so as to generate Karman vortices at a frequency proportional to the relative velocity between the object and the stream. In one embodiment, a sonic signal transmitting transducer is located on one side of the strut''s wake and a sonic signal receiving transducer is located on the other side of the wake. The transmitting transducer''s signal is modulated by the Karman vortices and received by the receiving transducer. An electronic detecting system is connected to the signal receiving transducer for detecting the modulations created by the Karman vortices. An alternate embodiment of the invention combines the sonic signal transmitting transducer and the sonic signal receiving transducer in a single transducer structure. The combined transducer structure is mounted in the strut. A burst of pulses is transmitted and reflected by a Karman vortex back to the combined transducer structure where the reflected signal is detected.
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