| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 181 | Method and apparatus for establishing communication with a downhole portion of a control fluid pipe | US422774 | 1989-10-17 | US4981177A | 1991-01-01 | Michael A. Carmody; Erik P. V. Eriksen; Lars Vinje |
| A downhole tool, such as a safety valve or a stand-alone nipple, has a tubular housing. An axially extending bore is provided in the wall of the housing. A radially extending recess is provided in the internal bore wall of the housing, encompassing the axially extending bore, and a control fluid pipe is passed through the bore and the recess. A cutting tool is mounted for radial movements in the recess and is actuated by downward jarring forces imparted by an auxiliary tool. The control pipe is severed by the cutting element and the lower severed end portion of the control pipe is concurrently crimped to close such end portion. | ||||||
| 182 | Valve actuator with auxiliary energy storage means | US882872 | 1986-07-07 | US4651970A | 1987-03-24 | David R. Sadler |
| A fluid-powered actuator assembly 10 for gate valves 13 having a slab gate 21 with a port 22 adapted to be placed in registry with the flow passage through the valve wherein the valve is moved to open position by application of fluid pressure to the actuator piston 18 and moved to closed position by a piston return spring 33 when the pressure is removed. The assembly includes an auxiliary energy storage device 40 in the form of a coiled spring 41 which is compressed in the initial stages of the actuator stroke to open the valve 13 and is maintained in the compressed energized state by a releasable latch mechanism 52 which latches to the auxiliary spring housing 42. When the actuator 12 operates to close the valve, the auxiliary coiled spring 41 is released near the end of the valve-closing stroke to provide additional axial thrust to the actuator shaft 17 and the valve gate 21 of a magnitude sufficient to shear wire lines 25 or other members which have been inserted through the gate port. The auxiliary energy storage device 40 may be packaged as a cartridge and universally mounted on various sizes and models of piston-type actuators. | ||||||
| 183 | Safety valve in particular for closing an oil well | US842053 | 1986-03-17 | US4651828A | 1987-03-24 | Bernard Doremus |
| A ball element pivotally mounted on a sleeve that slides within the tubular valve member of a well safety valve has a radial slot extending across its width parallel to and offset from its pivotal axis. A bar extending in secant fashion across the valve member engages the slot, rotating the ball element to open and close the valve as the sleeve slides back and forth. An unslotted outer surface portion of the ball element mates with the valve seat during valve closing. | ||||||
| 184 | Shear ram apparatus | US531928 | 1983-09-13 | US4540046A | 1985-09-10 | Stanley W. Granger; James J. Camerano |
| A shear ram-type blowout preventer for severing and sealing a drill pipe string comprises a housing having a throughway for receipt of the drill pipe. Opposed first and second ram assemblies are mounted in the housing on opposite sides of the throughway for reciprocation laterally inwardly and outwardly. Each of the ram assemblies comprises a carrier connected to a drive member for effecting such reciprocation, and a ram block carried on the laterally inward side of the carrier. The maximum thickness of the block is generally equal to the maximum thickness of the carrier measured longitudinally of the throughway. The first ram assembly comprises a blade member carried on the ram block and including a cutting portion extending generally laterally inwardly and a mounting shank extending generally upwardly from the cutting portion. The shank is attached to the ram block by generally horizontally disposed pins. The ram block of the second ram assembly defines a recess opening laterally inwardly for receipt of the blade, and the seal of the second ram assembly comprises a blade sealing element facing longitudinally into said recess. The second ram assembly further comprises a seal actuator for actuating the blade sealing element. The blade sealing element and actuator have opposed, longitudinally facing support surfaces, the support surface of the blade sealing element being defined by a laterally outermost rigid support portion thereof, bonded to a laterally innermost deformable sealing portion. The carrier of the second ram assembly may alternatively mount a pipe ram assembly. | ||||||
| 185 | Shearing type blowout preventer | US560941 | 1983-12-14 | US4537250A | 1985-08-27 | John N. Troxell, Jr. |
| A ram-type shearing apparatus for a wellhead having a body with a vertical bore therethrough and aligned, opposed ram guideways extending outward in the body from the bore, a ram assembly in each of the guideways, each of the ram assemblies having a ram body with a shearing blade on the face of the ram and means for moving the ram inward and outward in the guideway, the cutting edge of the upper shear blade and the face of the ram assembly below the upper shear blade being concave to support the string during shearing sufficiently to constrain the string below the upper shear blade as it is sheared to a shape suitable for receiving an overshot type of retrieving tool and to allow flow therein, the lower shear blade having at least one node extending toward the upper shear blade so that when a pipe is being sheared the node engages and penetrates the pipe prior to other shearing of the pipe to thereby reduce the force used for such shearing. | ||||||
| 186 | Safety shear apparatus and method for production wells | US531553 | 1983-09-12 | US4531585A | 1985-07-30 | Asger Hansen |
| An apparatus and method for shutting in a well in the event all other control equipment on the well fails to close and hold. The apparatus includes a lower and upper tubing head in which the tubing extends from the well upwardly through the lower head and into the upper head and sealingly engages both heads. A sealing and shear ram is positioned between the heads for shearing and sealing the tubing. The shear tubing is moved away from the shear rams after shearing to allow the rams to seal. The tubing is preferably supported from only one of the tubing heads. In one embodiment the tubing is supported initially from the upper head and after shearing the lower tubing portion moves downwardly to seat on the lower tubing head for allowing the rams to seal. In another embodiment the tubing is supported from the lower head and after shearing the upper portion of the tubing is raised to allow the shear rams to seal. | ||||||
| 187 | Flow controlling apparatus | US634396 | 1984-07-25 | US4519577A | 1985-05-28 | Marvin R. Jones |
| There is disclosed a blowout preventer having rams with cutting edges for shearing a pipe within the vertical bore through the preventer housing which rams carry means for gripping opposite sides of the pipe above the cutting edges of the rams, as the rams move toward one another to shear the pipe, and lifting the upper sheared end of the gripped pipe out of the path of means for sealing between the inner ends of the rams, as the rams continue to move toward one another. | ||||||
| 188 | Multiple tubing hanger tie back system and method | US544143 | 1983-10-21 | US4511002A | 1985-04-16 | Frank C. Adamek; James V. Bonds; Charles D. Bridges |
| A multiple tubing hanger tie back arrangement is disclosed in a preferred embodiment associated with a shear ram tubing head system (10). The arrangement includes a lower tubing hanger (44) sealingly secured within a lower tubing head (28) for supporting a tubing string (22). The lower hanger includes a control shoulder (60) at its upper end and a tapered interior surface (62). An upper tubing hanger (70) spaced above the lower hanger is also sealingly secured within an upper tubing head (24). A tie back subassembly (90) connects the upper and lower hangers, and preferably includes a tubing member (94) and a spacer member (92). The spacer member includes a stab nipple (96) in interference engagement with the lower hanger interior surface (62), and a load transfer surface (98) abuting the control shoulder (60). The tubing member (94) is located in the bore of the shear ram (26) so that severance of the tubing member (94) does not disturb the production tubing string (22) supported by the lower hanger (44). After severance, the tie back stub can be readily removed. A method of installation is also disclosed, including the steps of adjusting the distance between the upper hanger (70) and load transfer surface (98) to match the critical distance between the upper hanger bowl (38) and lower hanger control shoulder (60), so that the installed tie back assembly maintains pressure and mechanical continuity through the stack (30). | ||||||
| 189 | Safety valve apparatus and method | US473564 | 1983-03-09 | US4476935A | 1984-10-16 | Joseph H. Hynes; Charles D. Morrill |
| A safety valve for controlling flow in a flow line is disclosed which is especially adapted for use in emergency control of a producing well. The apparatus includes means for securing a punch out tube in series with the flow line and ramming means for ramming the punch out tube and displacing at least a portion of it from the flow path of the flow line and sealing the flow line. The punch out tube comprises top, bottom and middle cylindrical members stacked end to end with an elastomeric seal provided in channels resulting from cooperating grooves formed in the end surfaces of the members. When the middle member is rammed, while the bottom and top members are fixed within the valve body, the middle member is displaced to a valve recess and the ram covers and seals the outlet flow path of the valve.The valve is adapted to be attached between production casing of a production wellhead and a production tree. The production tubing is supported within the valve body. Production flow path is achieved by coupling of the punch out tube to the production tubing and the flow path of an annular packoff.The production tree or a tubular extension to the tree is attached to the top of the valve body. A method and means for accomplishing the method are provided for replacing the punch out tube without removing the production tree from the valve body. A method for installing the valve between a production wellhead and a production tree is also provided. | ||||||
| 190 | Device for tapping and plugging a fluid conductor | US291661 | 1981-08-10 | US4450857A | 1984-05-29 | John L. Baugh; James W. Montgomery |
| An improved device for tapping and plugging fluid conductors under high pressure has independently operable feed and cutting motors for improved cutting action. The device has a cutter housing whe precise location of the cutter on the drive axis to allow the cutter to be operated remotely. | ||||||
| 191 | Method for cutting and replacing tubing without killing well | US355183 | 1982-03-05 | US4420042A | 1983-12-13 | Karl N. Tunstall |
| A method of running and pulling a siphon tube from a well while the well is under complete pressure control in which the siphon tube is run through a special stack, cut off and suspended in the stack, the cut end is dressed in the stack and a pulling tube engages the siphon tube in the stack and the siphon is pulled. | ||||||
| 192 | Oil well blow-out control | US171843 | 1980-07-24 | US4369845A | 1983-01-25 | George S. Henson; Joe Brooks |
| A tool jig for bringing an implement to bear on an inner tubular 10 of a multi-tubular blown well includes a support 1 attachable to the outer tubular 2 and a tool holder 12. The tool holder has a hollow bore and a valve 24. At its rear end the tool holder is threaded for coupling on an implement and has at its front end a saddle seal for sealing the implement with the inner tubular, via through a window 9 in outer tubular 2. A back-up unit 18 abuts the inner tubular opposite the tool holder 12. The support 1 supports the tool holder 12 and back-up unit 18 via connecting brackets 13, 19. Screw jacks 22 acting through the support clamp the tool holder and backup unit in position. | ||||||
| 193 | Well tools | US904431 | 1978-05-10 | US4160478A | 1979-07-10 | Michael B. Calhoun; John V. Fredd |
| A well tool for inclusion in a tubing string of a well adapted to perform multiple functions including controlling fluid flow through the tubing string and/or cutting coiled tubing or wire line used in the tubing string for performing well completion and workover functions. The tool includes a tubular body connectible in a tubing string and having a flow passage therethrough, a spherical seat surface around the flow passage developed on an eccentrically positioned center relative to the axis of the flow passage, an operator member which may function as a cutter, a valve, or a combination cutter and valve having a spherical surface engageable with the seat surface and mounted on an axis of rotation eccentrically positioned relative to the axis of the flow passage and coincident with the center of the spherical seat surface, an actuator movable longitudinally in the housing and engageable with a surface of the operator member spaced from the axis of rotation of the operator member to rotate the operator member from a first opened position to a second closed position, and return apparatus for rotating the operator member back from the second closed to the first opened position. An annular hydraulically operable piston is provided in the housing to move the actuator. The operator member is a spherical segment formed on a radius which is larger than the radius of the bore through the housing so that by pivoting the operator member eccentrically within the housing maximum torque is generated in the operator member by application of force at a substantial distance from the axis of rotation of the member by the actuator. | ||||||
| 194 | Quick disengaging valve actuator | US801507 | 1977-05-31 | US4135547A | 1979-01-23 | Neil H. Akkerman; Stephen R. Foster |
| An actuator is provided which is respondable to control fluid pressure for moving an operative means of a valve between open and closed positions. The actuator comprises a housing defining a cylindrical bore therewithin. In one form, a shaft is carried in the housing and is engagable with the operative means. Means define first and second effective piston areas and are carried by one of the shaft and the housing and are sealingly slidable along the other of the shaft and the housing, being longitudinally movable within the cylindrical bore. The apparatus has first and second fluid chambers companionly associated with the means defining the first and second effective piston areas within the bore for yielding a differential force across the means defining the first and second effective piston areas upon increase of fluid control pressure within the actuator. A continuously chargeable fluid accumulator means is in fluid communication with the second fluid chamber for storage of energy defined by fluid, preferably control fluid, compressible therein. Fluid passage means for transmitting fluid under pressure is provided to said first fluid chamber and to said accumulator means. Valve means ae movable between open and closed positions and communicate between the accumulator means and the fluid passage means to permit fluid control pressure changing of the accumulator chamber when the valve is in the open position and for preventing discharge of fluid pressure within the accumulator chamber when the valve is in the closed position. The valve is responsive to pressure differential between the accumulator chamber and the fluid passage means. The shaft is selectively shiftable longitudinally in a first direction to move the operative means to one of open and closed position by variation in fluid control pressure, and is shiftable to a second direction to move the operative means to the other of the open and closed positions upon subsequent variation in fluid control pressure. One of the shaft and operative means has slotted means thereon for transverse receipt of a companion engagement means on the other of the shaft and the operative means whereby the operative means and the shaft are thereafter in substantial longitudinal engagement point. The shaft and the operative means are disengageable by relative transverse shifting of the shaft and the operative means to remove the actuator from the valve. | ||||||
| 195 | Method and device for extinguishing fires in oil wells | US581147 | 1975-05-27 | US3993137A | 1976-11-23 | Uriel Hefetz |
| Method and apparatus for extinguishing fires in oil wells. The method includes the steps of: attaching a shell which is integral with required guides and valves to the outer oil producing pipe or its casing; inserting at least one positioning pin member through the outer pipe at a first level to immobilize the inner pipe relative to the outer pipe; and driving at least one drill at a second lower level through both pipes into a closed plug housing diametrically opposed thereto, so that part of the wall of the outer pipe remains in two diametrically opposed positions. The apparatus for carrying out this method includes an arcuate shell of at least two parts having an internal radius equal to the external radius of the outer oil producing pipe and adapted to be attached to the outer wall of the outer pipe; at least one housing containing a positioning pin attached to the shell at one level; and at least one drill guide together with a drill attached to the shell at a level below the first level. | ||||||
| 196 | Method and device for extinguishing fires in oil wells | US546128 | 1975-01-31 | US3973631A | 1976-08-10 | Uriel Hefetz |
| A method and apparatus for extinguishing oil well fires in wells having an inner pipe and an outer pipe separated by an annular space. A plurality of rod-like members as drills are inserted in a common horizontal plane at equal radial spacing through the walls of both the inner and the outer pipes. The drills have interfitting inner ends which, when placed in side-by-side relationship, form a continuous wall equal to the internal cross section of the inner pipe. Accordingly, the inner pipe is closed against the passage of oil or gas therethrough. A valved pipe is inserted through the wall of the outer pipe below the drills to form a communicating passageway. A member is inserted through the valved pipe and into the annular space to gradually fill the space between the inner and outer pipes to form a seal therein against the passage of oil or gas therethrough. | ||||||
| 197 | Cryogenic control valve | US16833171 | 1971-11-26 | US3857255A | 1974-12-31 | PATTERSON J; ELWOOD A |
| A cryogenic control valve for regulating the flow of material, such as a gaseous or liquid fluid, through a conduit. The control valve includes a jacket connected to the conduit, an input pipe with one end connected to a source of a low-temperature coolant, and control means to control the movement of the low temperature coolant to convert at least a portion of the fluid material in the conduit into a solid state to regulate the flow of the material through the conduit.
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| 198 | Method of extinguishing oil and gas well fires | US21384371 | 1971-12-29 | US3856088A | 1974-12-24 | FRISQUE A |
| Oil and gas well fires may be extinguished by injecting into such wells below the fire a stable liquid dispersion of a water soluble anionic vinyl addition polymer and a water soluble cationic polymer, and then inverting this liquid dispersion in the well to produce a three-dimensional water and hydrocarbon liquid insoluble gel-like structure which seals off said well; thereby extinguishing said fires.
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| 199 | Ram-type blowout preventer | US26360272 | 1972-06-16 | US3817326A | 1974-06-18 | MEYNIER M |
| There is disclosed a ram-type blowout preventer for shearing a pipe which may be disposed within its bore and then sealing across the bore.
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| 200 | Well bore blocking method | US3771601D | 1972-06-02 | US3771601A | 1973-11-13 | GARRETT H |
| A blow-out preventer comprising a relatively large body means which is placed in a well bore. The body means is provided with a bore through which drill pipe and the like can extend. Traversing the bore through the body is a slideway in which is mounted a slide or blocking means. Using a suitable means of propulsion, the slide or blocking means can be moved from a position from within the slideway of non-engagement with the bore extending through the body to a position where the slide completely intersects or blocks the bore in the body. The propulsion means can be activated automatically or manually from the surface or automatically from below the surface. When the blowout preventer is used in well bores wherein drill strings or production tubing extend through the body, the apparatus is provided with a severing means which first acts to sever the pipe extending through the bore at which point the slide or blocking means is forced through the space between the severed end to completely seal off the well bore. In cases where no drill pipe or the like extends through the bore of the body means, the severing means can be dispensed with and the well bore blocked off simply by propelling the slide into the closed position, i.e. intersecting the bore.
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