| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US09602672B2 |
Audio-based text messaging
A device that enable users to send and receive a message in different formats may include a text message gateway, an audio message gateway, and a processor. The text message gateway may include a Short Message Service (SMS) gateway. The audio message gateway may include an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) unit and/or a client application interface that receives audio from a client application of a mobile communications device. The processor may be configured to convert text messages received at the text-message gateway into audio messages and then to send the audio messages via the audio message gateway. The processor may also be configured to convert audio messages received at the audio message gateway into text messages and then to send the text messages via the text message gateway. |
| US09602671B2 |
Method and terminal device for telephone call transfer
A method and terminal device for transferring a telephone call, are provided. The method comprises: detecting if an incoming call is received; displaying an incoming call interactive interface containing an incoming call transferring option, if the incoming call is detected; transferring the incoming call to a terminal device corresponding to a designated number when the incoming call transferring option is chosen. As the user is allowable to choose whether the incoming call should be transferred according to actual needs, the problem of automatically transferring incoming calls under some circumstances not suitable for transferring a telephone call may be avoided, thereby achieving more intelligent call transfer manner with more flexibility and better effect for transferring a telephone call. |
| US09602670B2 |
Methods and systems for selectively sharing content
A method for sharing content with participants in a conference including establishing a network conference session, identifying restricted content to be shared, and identifying global content which is a subset of the restricted content. The method further includes the steps of identifying a global participant group for the network conference session wherein members of the global participant group attend the network conference session using one or more communication devices, identifying a restricted participant group for the network conference session wherein members of the restricted participant group attend the network conference session using one or more communication devices, transmitting the restricted content to the restricted participant group, and transmitting the global content to the global participant group. |
| US09602668B2 |
Systems and methods for managing multi-tenant callback services
Systems and methods for managing multi-tenant callback services may be provided via a multi-tenant services integration platform. Several multi-tenant software as a service applications may be offered as a hosted software solution via the multi-tenant services integration platform. Various applications may deploy and support a shared tenant and shared services environment where there can be many different customers (companies and users) running in their own virtual partition from a single application instance. The applications may be multi-tenant aware and integrated into an administration portal which integrates several shared tenant services. The tenant model may allow for customized application configurations to be run from a single application instance. Further, improved methods for providing callback management, calculating estimated wait times, and providing for callback initiation may be integrated in such multi-tenant services. |
| US09602666B2 |
Silence density models
An event associated with a communication session between a first party and a second party is detected. The event is related to the communication session. For example, the event may be a phrase spoken in the communication session or a presentation of a call progression screen to a contact center agent. At this point, the communication session is analyzed for a period of non-communication that meets a defined threshold during a monitoring period associated with the event. If a period of non-communication is detected that is longer than the threshold during the monitoring period, the period of non-communication is flagged. The flagged period of non-communication can then be used to evaluate how a contact center agent is performing. |
| US09602662B2 |
Verifying telephone caller origin
An aspect includes verifying a telephone caller origin carried out at a security application. The verifying includes activating a security process during an active telephone call to a user received at a first call identifier, accessing registered user service providers to obtain contact details of a registered service provider purporting to be the origin of the active telephone call, and sending a query to the obtained contact details of the registered service provider. The query includes the first call identifier. The verifying also includes receiving a returned query result confirming or denying that the telephone call is from the registered service provider. |
| US09602660B2 |
System and method for handling mobile messages with embedded URLs
A system and method for handling mobile or text messages that include an original uniform resource locator (“URL”) replace the original uniform resource locator (“URL”) included in a body of the mobile message with a new replacement URL. Mobile messages may be sent to a mobile subscriber from a variety of sources, including other mobile subscribers both in and out of a carrier network, or from sources (e.g., a computer, etc.) outside of the carrier network. According to various implementations of the invention, when the mobile message is received by the carrier network (e.g., at a gateway to the carrier network or within the carrier network itself) the mobile message is scanned for a URL. If a URL is included in the mobile message, a replacement URL is generated and the original URL from the mobile message is replaced with the replacement URL. The original URL is stored and associated with the replacement URL for subsequent access and retrieval. The mobile message with the replacement URL is forwarded to the mobile subscriber. According to various implementations of the invention, when the mobile subscriber selects the replacement URL, the replacement URL directs the mobile device to content (e.g., a web page) notifying the mobile subscriber that content associated with the original URL is outside of the carrier network and providing a series of actions that the mobile subscriber may take. |
| US09602659B2 |
Portable device with communication record recurring module
A portable device with communication record recurring module is proposed. It allows phone records of the portable device recurring by the communication record recurring module. The communication record recurring module is capable of recurring phone records of the portable device. The recurring number of the phone records can be set as a per-determined number, and sequential order of the phone records is arranged by chronological sequence. |
| US09602655B2 |
Ubiquitous connectivity and control system for remote locations
A thermostat control system for monitoring and controlling environmental characteristics of a building includes a base station unit and a remote access unit continuously interfacing through instant wireless private direct connectivity. The system also includes a plurality of sensors that measure the environmental characteristics and provide the thermostat unit with the measurements. |
| US09602651B2 |
Systems and methods for providing alternate line selection information on a mobile device
A system and method for providing a user interface that allows users to change the active line on which an outgoing call may be placed. In example embodiments, upon detecting call screen interaction a line selection menu is displayed. The line selection menu contains a plurality of line identifiers, each line identifier uniquely identifying a corresponding one of the multiple communication lines accessible at the mobile device. A system and method is also presented for providing a call log for identifying call activity associated with a plurality of communication lines. |
| US09602648B2 |
Adapter devices for enhancing the functionality of other devices
An adapter may facilitate easy and swift data transfer amongst two previously incompatible electronic devices. Such an adapter may be operative to communicate data with a first of the two electronic devices using a contactless communication link and a first communication protocol and to communicate data with a second of the two electronic devices using a mechanical communication link and/or using a second communication protocol that is different than the first communication protocol, such that data may be transferred between the first and second electronic devices via the adapter. The adapter may be communicatively coupled to both the first electronic device and the second electronic device at the same time. The adapter may rapidly transition between communicating data with the first device and communicating data with the second device (e.g., without altering a physical connection between the adapter and one of the first and second devices during such a transition). |
| US09602647B2 |
Call management through a hands free communication device
A hands free communication device (2), such as a headset, adapted to be simultaneously connected to a first telecommunication device (2) and a second telecommunication device (3). The hands free communication device (2) is adapted to send a call status signal to the first telecommunication device (3) upon reception of a corresponding call status signal from the second telecommunication device (4) and to send a call status signal to the second telecommunication device (4) upon reception of a corresponding call status signal from the first telecommunication device (3). The invention also relates to a system implementing such a hands free device (2) and a method using such a system. |
| US09602645B2 |
Smart covering for mobile communications device
NFC-enabled systems and devices 110, 120, 950, and related methods 1400, for determining the orientation of an NFC-enabled mobile device within a covering 10. The orientation determination may include determining which way each face of an NFC-enabled mobile device 110, 120 is facing in the covering 10, and which end of the NFC-enable device is oriented in which way in the covering, through the use of particular arrangements of at least one NFC device attached to the covering and at least one NFC antenna of the NFC-enabled mobile device. By determining the orientation of the NFC-enabled device within the covering, the NFC-enabled device may then be configured for executing a particular command, such as to optimize some aspect of the NFC-enabled device based on the device orientation. |
| US09602643B2 |
Composite module for mobile phone
A composite module includes a macro focus module comprising a second lens and at least one light source near the second lens, wherein the second lens is movable, after the time that the second lens moves to a predetermined location in front of the first lens, the light source illuminates, and after the time that the second lens leaves the predetermined location of the first lens, the light source extinguishes; a power supply module comprising a power supply and a connection interface; and a first circuit board coupled to the power supply, the light source and the connection interface, wherein the power supply is configured to provide power for the light source, and further provide power for the mobile phone through the connection interface which is connected to the mobile phone. |
| US09602642B2 |
Placement of an antenna in a wrist worn device
A wrist worn device having a main body portion and a strap portion. The main body portion comprises a housing for housing a processor, communication circuitry, a screen and tin antenna. The strap portion comprises a strap for attaching the main body portion to a wrist. The housing comprises a central portion that supports the screen and edge portions arranged around the central portion, one of the portions comprising a non-conductive section on an outer surface of said wrist worn device facing away from said wrist when worn; wherein the antenna is supported within the housing in the one of the edge portions comprising the non-conductive section, such that there is an electromagnetic wave path from the antenna to the outer surface through at least a portion of the non-conductive section wherein a portion of the strip overlays the antenna and a portion of the non-conductive section at the outer surface, the portion of the snap comprising a non-conductive portion. |
| US09602640B1 |
Adhesive hooks for releasably securing an earpiece to a mobile phone
The adhesive hooks for releasably securing an earpiece to a mobile phone includes a set of self-adhering hooks that are each configured to selectively secure an earpiece to a mobile phone or smart phone when said earpiece is not in use. The set of self-adhering hooks are each further defined with a first hoop member and a second locking hoop member. Both the first hoop member and the second locking hoop member are affixed to a base. The base is further defined with an outer surface that includes a layer of adhesive thereon. The second locking hoop member is selectively secured to the first hoop member in order to secure said earpiece to the smart phone. |
| US09602635B2 |
Wireless device, method, and computer readable media for compressed media access control header
Wireless device, method, and computer readable media for compressed media access control header and/or compressed acknowledgement are disclosed. The wireless device may include circuitry configured to transmit a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (MPDU) delimiter with a field that indicates a subsequent MAC header is a compressed MAC header, and transmit a compressed MAC frame with the compressed MAC header. The compressed MAC header does not include one or more of the following group: duration, receive address, and transmit address. The circuitry may be further configured to receive a schedule in a transmission opportunity and receive a second compressed MAC frame. The circuitry may be further configured to determine that the receive address field is an address of the HEW device based on the schedule and determine that the receive address field is an address of an access point that transmitted the schedule based on the schedule. |
| US09602630B2 |
CDN scale down
In one embodiment, a system component in a content delivery network (CDN), the CDN including a request router and edge caches, the request router being operable to determine which edge cache should serve content to a client, the system component including a processor, and a memory to store data used by the processor, wherein the processor is operative to receive a request for content from the client, and based on a decision to shut down a first edge cache after the client has already downloaded some of the content from the first edge cache, participate in a process to transfer the client from downloading the content from the first edge cache to downloading the content from a second edge cache in the middle of the client downloading the content so that the client continues downloading the content from the second edge cache. Related apparatus and methods are also described. |
| US09602629B2 |
System and method for collaborative processing of service requests
A system and method of collaborative processing of service requests includes receiving a service request at an application server, beginning execution of a proxy member function of a proxy class, and determining whether a movable member function in a movable class is to be executed at a client. When the movable member function is to be executed at the client, the method further includes creating a partial response including code for the movable class and information for invoking the movable member function and transmitting the partial response to the client fore execution of the movable member function. When the movable member function is not to be executed at the client, the method further includes executing the movable member function in the application server and returning a result of the movable member function as a result of the proxy member function. The proxy member function replaces the movable member function. |
| US09602628B2 |
Method and apparatus for monitoring a transport processing system in a software download broadcast communication system
A system and method for a system for communicating with a user device includes a first transport processing system and a second transport processing system. The system also includes a software download manager that monitors a first transport processing system communicating a software image, generates a first announcement for the software image, communicates the first announcement to the user device, determines a failure of the first transport processing system, discontinues the first announcement for the software image in response to the failure and communicating the software image through the second transport processing system. |
| US09602624B2 |
Facilitating content management based on profiles of members in an environment
Concurrent provisioning of preferences for members of an environment is facilitated. A method identifies a characteristic of an environment, wherein the characteristic is based on profile information associated with entities in the environment. The method also determines control information associated with providing preferences associated with the characteristic. In another case, an apparatus stores first profile information for a first entity, wherein the first profile information is configured to be evaluated, along with second profile information associated with a second entity, by a receiving device in an environment. In another case, an apparatus retrieves, from a device in an environment, profile information associated with entities in the environment. The apparatus can determine support care based on the profile information. |
| US09602621B2 |
Delivery network, server, and delivery method
In a delivery network system, deliver a server that holds requested content is determined, using information included in a content request message from a communication terminal. A file or stream of the requested content is read from the determined server. When the content is moving image content, a bandwidth of a mobile network is estimated, based on a response signal or a congestion state notification signal from the communication terminal. The moving content is transmitted by controlling a timing of transmitting the read file or the read stream so as not exceed the estimated bandwidth. |
| US09602620B1 |
Content-facilitated speculative preparation and rendering
Methods and systems for reducing web page load time include obtaining speculative information associated with a uniform resource locator (URL). The method and system also include determining whether to prefetch content of the URL based on the speculative information. The method and system further include providing an instruction to prefetch the URL content when a determination to prefetch results. The method and system also include prerendering the URL content when the instruction to prefetch the URL content is provided. |
| US09602618B2 |
Method and system for dynamic distributed data caching
A method and system for dynamic distributed data caching is presented. The system includes one or more peer members and a master member. The master member and the one or more peer members form cache community for data storage. The master member is operable to select one of the one or more peer members to become a new master member. The master member is operable to update a peer list for the cache community by removing itself from the peer list. The master member is operable to send a nominate master message and an updated peer list to a peer member selected by the master member to become the new master member. |
| US09602617B1 |
High performance and scalable telematics message dispatching
Dispatching messages in a moving object, in one aspect, may include receiving a description of a spatial area. A hierarchical tree representation of the spatial area may be generated. The hierarchical tree representation may comprise nodes, wherein a child node represents a sub-region of a region represented by a parent node of the child node. Moving features may be associated with each of the nodes, the moving features comprising whether the node is cacheable, whether the node covers an unpartitioned area, an active object list in an area covered by the node, and a latest position associated with an object in the active object list. Data from the moving object may be dispatched based on the hierarchical tree representation. |
| US09602614B1 |
Distributed caching cluster client configuration
A cache or other cluster is configuration-aware such that initialization and changes to the underlying structure of the cluster can be dynamically updated for use by a client. A client may use a client driver as an intermediary that is responsible for managing the communication with the cluster. For example, a client driver may resolve an alias from a static configuration endpoint to a storage node. The client driver may request an initial configuration from the storage node and then update configuration from one or more storage nodes that store current configuration of the cluster. |
| US09602611B2 |
Current updates
This document describes tools capable of differentiating a superset of entities from which a user may receive current updates effective to provide current updates for only some of the entities of the superset. In one embodiment, for example, the tools enable a user of a mobile device to select a set of entities from which the user will automatically receive updates that are current, easily accessible, and visible at-a-glance. The tools may forgo providing current updates for entities that are not selected by the user, though the tools may provide these updates when explicitly requested by the user or at particular times or events. |
| US09602604B2 |
Managing web services data and presence data
Interfacing a wireless device with web services, including social networking web services, is described. For example, a system for interfacing a wireless device with a plurality of web services comprises a web service proxy having an API to allow other modules to interface with the web service proxy; a plurality of web services adapters interfaced with the web services proxy through the API, each one of the web services adapters configured to communicate with a particular web service using the specific communication formats for the web service; where the web services adapters and the web services proxy convert between the communication formats employed to communicate with each of the web services and a wireless communication format, the wireless communication format being a different format than the communication formats for each of the web services, thereby enabling bi-directional communication between the wireless device and the plurality of web services. |
| US09602597B2 |
System and method for synchronizing data objects in a cloud based social networking environment
Methods and systems are provided for synchronizing and sharing data objects in a cloud based social networking environment of the type including a collaboration cloud. The method includes defining a sharing configuration based on at least one metadata key word, within the collaboration cloud, the sharing configuration including a second computing device; running a dedicated client synchronization application on a first computing device; updating a data object using the first computing device; automatically synchronizing the updated data object with the collaboration cloud; and propagating, using the collaboration cloud, the updated data object to the second computing device. |
| US09602592B2 |
Triggering workload movement based on policy stack having multiple selectable inputs
A policy management tool can access a set of usage history data for a set of resources consumed by the workload and generate a migration policy stack in view of a set of user-selected policy parameters, wherein the set of user-selected policy parameters comprises a set of multiple selectable inputs, and the migration policy stack comprises a set of one or more migration policies. The policy management tool can evaluate the set of one or more workload migration policies in view of the set of usage history data to configure a migration of the workload, and schedule the migration of the workload in view of the evaluating. |
| US09602588B2 |
Transmission of data streams between a terminal device and a security module
In a method for transmitting data streams between a terminal device and a portable security module having a web server, the security module receives a first request announcing a processing data stream, and a second request containing the processing data stream. The security module generates a result data stream on the basis of already received data of the processing data stream during the receipt of the processing data stream, and sends a first response to the first request while the result data stream is being generated, wherein the first response contains the result data stream. Given the limited memory of the security module, it is thereby made possible to process larger data streams nevertheless. |
| US09602586B2 |
System and method for managing media in a distributed communication network
A system and method for processing communication media in a regionally distributed communication platform that includes at a first platform region, establishing a communication session comprising establishing a media communication to at least one endpoint from the first region and establishing signaling communication to a second platform region; selecting a media resource in response to a change in media processing requirements of the communication session; when the selected media resource is outside the first region, routing media communication through a media resource outside of the first region; when the media resource is available in the first region, routing media communication through the media resource of the first region; and when the media resource is outside of the second region, storing the media communication in the first region at least temporarily and tunneling a branch of the media communication to a central media service in the second region. |
| US09602585B2 |
Systems and methods for retrieving data
A system and method for obtaining information responsive to a legal discovery request directed at an enterprise having a plurality of databases that potentially include information responsive to the legal discovery request, including structured databases and at least one unstructured database. A plurality of taxonomies are provided, each of which describes a structure of one of the structured databases. An ontology is provided that describes data relationships between the databases. A native application is identified, which is configured to access at least one but not all of the databases associated with the enterprise. The native application is modified to include search functionality for accessing all of the databases associated with the enterprise. A request is received from the user, via the modified native application, to search the plurality of databases associated with the enterprise for information responsive to the legal discovery request. Information included in the request, the ontology and the taxonomies are then used to search the plurality of databases associated with the enterprise. A list of search results responsive to the search request is presented with the modified native application. In response to a user selection of a search result from the list, an application required to view the selected search result is automatically launched if the modified native application lacks functionality required to display the selected search result. |
| US09602584B2 |
System with distributed process unit
The present invention provides a system with a separate computing unit, comprising: a primary computing device comprising a computing unit, a control interface unit via which a user enters an instruction that causes the computing unit to perform the processing operation or the computing operation to generate an instruction code, and a first wireless communication unit transmitting a first wireless signal containing the instruction code; and a remote control device comprising an instruction implementation unit, and a second wireless communication unit receiving the first wireless signal and sending the instruction code in the first wireless signal to the instruction implementation unit to implement the instruction code; wherein the operation of the instruction implementation unit of the remote control device is controlled by the instruction code. |
| US09602580B2 |
Space-based electronic data storage and transfer network system
A space-based electronic data storage and transfer network system is disclosed. The network system includes terrestrial access points, a plurality of geostationary communications satellites, and a plurality of communicatively coupled low-earth orbit data storage satellites. The terrestrial access point establishes a link or communication with a geostationary communications satellite which relays the link or communication to a low-earth orbit data storage satellite for storing information contained within the link or communication. The terrestrial access point can also establish a link or communication with a geostationary communications satellite which relays the link or communication to a low-earth orbit data storage satellite requesting retrieval of information stored within the link or communication. Any low-earth orbit data storage satellite can access data from any other low-earth orbit data storage satellite through the communicative coupling. The network disclosed can be quickly and securely accessed from anywhere on earth. |
| US09602579B2 |
Communication apparatus, method for controlling the same, and program
Roles of communication apparatuses in a service executed by the communication apparatuses and roles of the communication apparatuses in a layer different from a layer corresponding to the service are efficiently controlled.A communication apparatus determines whether to function as a base station or a terminal. The communication apparatus determines to function as the base station when functioning as a server of a service executed with another communication apparatus. |
| US09602573B1 |
Automatic clustering for self-organizing grids
A cluster of nodes, comprising: a plurality of nodes, each having a security policy, and being associated task processing resources; a registration agent configured to register a node and issue a node certificate to the respective node; a communication network configured to communicate certificates to authorize access to computing resources, in accordance with the respective security policy; and a processor configured to automatically dynamically partition the plurality of nodes into subnets, based on at least a distance function of at least one node characteristic, each subnet designating a communication node for communicating control information and task data with other communication nodes, and to communicate control information between each node within the subnet and the communication node of the other subnets. |
| US09602571B2 |
Codec selection and usage for improved VoIP call quality
Codec selection and usage for calls includes identifying a call scheduled for a time in the future from an electronic calendar associated with a user and prior to the call, ordering a plurality of codecs used by an Internet Protocol (IP) phone of the user for the scheduled call. During the call and using a processor, a mean opinion score for the call is calculated and stored as part of call data for the call within a data storage device including historical call data. |
| US09602570B2 |
Aircraft entertainment system
A content distribution system comprises a server, a plurality of clients and means for distributing a plurality of items of content to the plurality of clients, wherein each client is configured to transmit at least one message to the server representative of portions of the items of content that are present or not present at that client, and the distribution means is configured to determine from the messages portions of the items of content that are missing from at least one client, and to distribute the missing portions of content to the clients according to a multicast protocol. |
| US09602566B1 |
Providing selectable content creator controls in conjunction with sponsored media content items
Systems and methods are disclosed for providing selectable content creator controls in conjunction with sponsored media content items. In one implementation, a processing device receives a media content item of a content creator. The processing device provides the media content item to a content viewer based on a selection of the media content item by a content sponsor. The processing device provides, to the content viewer and in relation to the media content item, a first control, the first control being associated with the content sponsor. The processing device provides, to the content viewer and in relation to the media content item, a second control, the second control being associated with the content creator. |
| US09602565B2 |
Video processing system, video content monitoring method, video processing apparatus, control method of the apparatus, and storage medium storing control program of the apparatus
A system of this invention is a video processing system for determining details of a browsable video content. This video processing system includes a video fragment download unit that downloads data of a video fragments in a determination target video content via a network, and a first video content determination unit that determines the details of the video content based on the downloaded data of the video fragments. With this arrangement, it is possible to determine the details of a browsable video content while reducing the amount of data to be downloaded. |
| US09602561B2 |
System and method for providing a visually based social network
An engine, system and method for a domain social network that interconnects Internet users with at least domains owned by or of interest to those Internet users, and that may obtain and/or forward obtained dynamic data regarding those domains automatically, such as by web service or email service. The dynamic data may be used to filter and protect content and data of the respective domains, to protect users by identifying low quality web pages or malicious software or pages, to isolate or improve search results regarding the domain, and/or to improve Internet-based transaction flow, such as the creation of advertising. |
| US09602557B2 |
Systems and methods of communication using a message header that includes header flags
A method includes determining, at a first computing device, whether data to be communicated to a second computing device includes media data or protocol data. The method also includes, in response to determining that the data includes media data, generating a message header and a message body based on the media data. The message header includes a header flags portion and a header fields portion, and the header flags portion includes at least one flag having a value that indicates a length of a corresponding field of a plurality of fields of the header fields portion. The method further includes encapsulating the message header and the message body into a message and inserting the message into a media stream to be transmitted from the first computing device to the second computing device in accordance with a media communication protocol. |
| US09602553B2 |
Method, apparatus, and system for implementing VOIP call in cloud computing environment
A method for implementing a VOIP call in a cloud computing environment and relates to the VOIP call field. By using an RDP proxy to implement bidirectional transmission of voice streams between a cloud desktop client and a communication peer end, and further implement a VOIP call, a communication delay and load of a cloud desktop virtual machine are reduced. The method is used for a VOIP call in a cloud computing environment. |
| US09602552B2 |
Coding and behavior when receiving an IMS emergency session indicator from authorized source
A method is provided for a user equipment (UE) to respond to an emergency-related message sent to the UE. The method comprises the UE receiving a first message containing an indicator indicating that an emergency-related request has been made, the UE recognizing the indicator as an indication that the emergency-related request is related to an emergency, and the UE sending a second message containing emergency-related information about itself. |
| US09602551B2 |
Method for providing a law enforcement agency with sampled content of communications
Presented are a method and a node in a Lawful Interception (LI) network, in which the node is configured to provide a Law Enforcement Agency with Intercept Related Information (IRI) and Content of Communications (CC) of data traffic in a digital communications network. The IRI and CC are forwarded to an Intercept Mediation and Delivery unit node (IMDU) of the LI network, wherein the IMDU is configured to sample the content of communications according a certain sampling rate to achieve one or more samples of the CC, and to forward the generated one or more samples to the Law Enforcement Agency. |
| US09602548B2 |
System and method for intelligent state management
A method is provided in one example embodiment and it includes receiving a state request and determining whether a state exists in a translation dictionary for the state request. The method further includes reproducing the state if it is not in the dictionary and adding a new state to the dictionary. In more specific embodiments, the method includes compiling a rule, based on the state, into a given state table. The rule affects data management for one or more documents that satisfy the rule. In yet other embodiments, the method includes determining that the state represents a final state such that a descriptor is added to the state. In one example, if the state is not referenced in the algorithm, then the state is released. If the state is referenced in the algorithm, then the state is replaced with the new state. |
| US09602547B1 |
User-portable device and method of use in a user-centric identity management system
A user-portable computing device configured as a smart card enables a user to carry identification information and to generate security tokens for use in authenticating the user to a service provider. The device includes memory for storing user identities as information cards that are exported to a host computer, presented to a user in visual form, and then selected for use in the authentication process. A security token service installed on the device issues a security token in response to a token request sent from the host computer that references the selected user identity. The security token service uses user attribute information stored on the user device to compose the claim assertions needed to issue the security token. The token is returned to the host computer and used to facilitate the authentication process. |
| US09602546B2 |
Accurate license counting in synchronized servers
Several embodiments include a policy-bound token distribution system. The system can include a back-office server that issues policy-bound tokens to local main distribution servers. A local main distribution server can distribute a policy-bound token to a digital environment to authorize an operator to take advantage of a protected resource. The system can rely on a backup server to distribute the policy-bound tokens whenever the distribution service of the local main distribution server is unavailable. To prevent run-time leakage from the backup server, the backup server can synchronize its distribution state with the local main distribution server and the back-office server. The distribution state can include distribution transaction records between the backup server and client devices. Throughout the system, each distribution transaction record can be assigned unique transaction ID to prevent multiple accounting of the same distribution transaction record from different servers. |
| US09602544B2 |
Methods and apparatus for providing a secure overlay network between clouds
A process capable of automatically establishing a secure overlay network (“SON”) across different clouds is disclosed. The process, in one aspect, receives a first request from a first node in a first cloud for establishing a SON. After receiving a second request for connecting to the SON from a second node in a second cloud, a first connection is established connecting between the first node and the second node utilizing a network security protocol such as Internet Protocol Security (“IPSec”). After receiving a third request for connecting to the SON from a third node in a third cloud, a second connection is used to connect between the first node and the third node. A third connection is used to connect between the second node and the third node. Each subsequent request for connecting to the SON from a new node results in new connections between the new node and each existing node in the SON forming a full-mesh. |
| US09602543B2 |
Client/server polymorphism using polymorphic hooks
Computer systems and methods in various embodiments are configured for improving the security and efficiency of client computers interacting with server computers through an intermediary computer using one or more polymorphic protocols. In an embodiment, a computer system comprises a memory; a processor coupled to the memory; a processor logic coupled to the processor and the memory, and configured to: intercept, from a server computer, a first file and a second file, wherein the first file defines a first object with a first identifier and the second file comprises a reference to the first object by the first identifier; generate a second identifier; replace the first identifier with the second identifier in the first file; add one or more first instructions to the first file; remove the reference to the first identifier from the second file; add, to the second file, one or more second instructions, which when executed cause the one or more first instructions to be executed and produce the second identifier. |
| US09602541B2 |
Granting permission to act on behalf of a user in a social networking system
A social networking system allows entities to delegate actions performed on behalf of the entity to social networking system users by assigning one or more roles to social networking system users. Roles may be assigned based on information associated with the entity by the social networking system. Different roles are associated with sets of permissions specifying actions a user associated with a role is authorized to perform on behalf of the entity via the social networking system. Certain permissions of a role associated with the user may be associated with additional users by the user. A persona including a subset of information associated with a user by the social networking system may be created for a user assigned a role, allowing the user to limit information accessible to additional users connected to the persona. |
| US09602540B1 |
Enforcing restrictions on third-party accounts
Disclosed are various embodiments for management of third-party accounts for users in an organization. Network traffic between a client and a third-party network site under management is inspected. The client is associated with a user in an organization. It is determined whether the network traffic corresponds to a managed account with the third-party network site. It is determined whether the network traffic complies with a rule established by the organization. An action is implemented in response to determining that the network traffic does not comply with the rule. |
| US09602539B1 |
Externally defined objects in security policy
Using one or more externally defined objects to at least in part define a security policy is disclosed. In some embodiments, an external object list is obtained from an external list server, and a security policy comprising one or more rules based at least in part on one or more externally defined objects comprising the external object list and based at least in part on one or more locally defined objects is defined. The security policy is enforced with respect to one or more devices and periodically updated as the external object list is updated. |
| US09602537B2 |
Systems and methods for providing secure communication
A client includes a security agent configured to create a client certificate that corresponds to one or more client identifiers. A server includes a server certificate and is in communication with the security agent. The server is configured to facilitate establishing an initial mutually authenticated transport layer security (TLS) session with the client based on the client certificate and the server certificate. The server is also configured to extract the client certificate from the security agent once the TLS session is established. The server is configured to store the certificate as being associated with only the corresponding client identifier(s) and to categorize the association between the client certificate and the corresponding client identifier(s) as being secure but not trusted for the client until the identity of the client has been verified. Moreover, the server is configured to receive an indication that the identity of the client has been verified. |
| US09602536B1 |
Virtualized network honeypots
Disclosed are various embodiments for virtualized network honeypots. In one embodiment, client computing devices that are coupled to a network are each configured with both a primary host and a secondary virtualized host. The primary host provides workstation functionality for users having permission. The secondary virtualized host is configured to route network traffic to and from a honeypot server. The honeypot server is configured to provide a honeypot environment. In another embodiment, a network connection request for a requested service is received from a connecting device. If the connecting device is authorized, the network connection request is routed to the requested service. If the connecting device is not authorized, the network connection request is routed to a honeypot server. |
| US09602535B2 |
System and method for software defined behavioral DDoS attack mitigation
Systems and methods for software defined behavioral DDoS attack mitigation are provided. According to one embodiment, a method is provided for controlling multiple distributed denial of service (DDoS) mitigation appliances. A DDoS attack mitigation central controller configures attack mitigation policies for the DDoS attack mitigation appliances. The DDoS attack mitigation policies are sent to the DDoS attack mitigation appliances through a network connecting the DDoS attack mitigation central controller and the DDoS attack mitigation appliances. |
| US09602533B2 |
Detecting network reconnaissance by tracking intranet dark-net communications
A method and system for detecting network reconnaissance is disclosed wherein network traffic can be parsed into unidirectional flows that correspond to sessions. A learning module may categorize computing entities inside the network into assets and generate asset data to monitor the computing entities. If one or more computing entities address a flow to an address of a host that no longer exists, ghost asset data may be recorded and updated in the asset data. When a computing entity inside the network contacts an object in the dark-net, the computing entity may be recorded a potential mapper. When the computing entity tries to contact a number of objects in the dark-net, such that a computed threshold is exceeded, the computing entity is identified a malicious entity performing network reconnaissance. |
| US09602530B2 |
System and method for predicting impending cyber security events using multi channel behavioral analysis in a distributed computing environment
Multi channel distributed behavioral analysis architecture provides a software solution to the major operational challenges faced with providing an early warning system for impending cyber security events. Most cyber security events are premeditated. However, many current cyber security defense technologies only address the real-time detection of a software vulnerability, the presence of malware (known or unknown “zero day”), anomalies from pre-established data points, or the signature of an active security event. The system and method of the multi channel distributed behavioral analysis architecture introduces a technique which provides the data collection, assessment, and alerting ability prior to the occurrence of an event based on threat actor behavior. |
| US09602529B2 |
Threat modeling and analysis
A system is provided for modeling and analysis of cybersecurity threats may include a data flow diagram (DFD) creator, threat indicator and threat analyzer. The DFD creator may identify elements of an information system, and compose a DFD including nodes and edges representing components and data flows of the information system. The threat indicator may identify a cybersecurity threat to a particular element of the information system, and add a secondary node representing the cybersecurity threat to the DFD to thereby produce a threat-model DFD for the information system. In metadata associated with the nodes, edges and secondary node, the DFD creator and threat indicator may provide structured information including attributes of the components, data flows and cybersecurity threat. And the threat analyzer may perform an analysis of the cybersecurity threat based on the threat-model DFD and metadata associated with the nodes, edges and secondary node thereof. |
| US09602528B2 |
Discovering and constraining idle processes
Methods and systems for process constraint include collecting system call information for a process. It is detected whether the process is idle based on the system call information and then whether the process is repeating using autocorrelation to determine whether the process issues system calls in a periodic fashion. The process is constrained if it is idle or repeating to limit an attack surface presented by the process. |
| US09602525B2 |
Classification of malware generated domain names
Techniques are presented herein that combine a host-based analysis of an executable file on a host computer with a network-based analysis, i.e., an analysis of domain names to detect malware generated domain names that are used by the malicious executable files to establish malicious network connections. A server receives information from a host computer about an executable file that, when executed on the host computer, initiates a network connection. The server also receives information about the network connection itself. The server analyzes the information about the executable file to determine whether the executable file has a malicious disposition. Depending on a disposition of the executable file, the server analyzes the information about the network connection and determines whether the network connection is malicious. |
| US09602521B2 |
Securing cloud computing environments
Some examples of security cloud computing environments can be implemented as methods. A processor of a first computer system that lacks permission to store data in a cloud computing environment receives data to be stored in the cloud computing environment. The data is received from a second computer system implementing the cloud computing environment and having permissions to store data in the cloud computing environment. The processor of the first computer system determines that the received data is safe for storage in the cloud computing environment. The processor of the first computer system determines that the received data is safe for storage in the cloud computing environment. The processor of the first computer system provides a notification to the second computer system indicating that the received data is safe for storage in the cloud computing environment, and an identifier that points to the stored data at the computer-readable storage medium. |
| US09602520B2 |
Preventing URL confusion attacks
Methods and apparatus are disclosed for detecting illegitimate or spoofed links on a web page. Illegitimate links can be detected by receiving a web link that includes link text and a link address, generating normalized link text based upon the link text, wherein characters in the link text that are visually similar are represented by a single normalized character identifier in the normalized text, determining whether the normalized link text is in the format of a link address, and determining that the text is safe when the normalized link text is not in the format of a link address. The techniques disclosed herein further involve determining whether the normalized link text matches the link address, determining that the text is safe when the normalized link text matches the link address, and determining that the text is unsafe when the normalized link text does not match the link address. |
| US09602517B2 |
Resource-centric authorization schemes
A method includes receiving a request of a user to perform an operation with respect to a first resource, in response to the request, determining, in view of a resource-based master data structure, a first resource-based permission data structure associated with the first resource, and accessing the first resource-based permission data structure to identify a first resource entry associated with the user. The method further includes upon determining that the first resource entry does not indicate that the user has a permission to perform the requested operation with respect to the first resource, determining a second resource-based permission data structure associated with a second resource that is a parent of the first resource, accessing the second resource-based permission data structure to identify a second resource entry associated with the user, and upon determining that the second resource entry indicates that the user has a permission to perform the requested operation with respect to the second resource, allowing the user to perform the requested operation with respect to the first resource. |
| US09602515B2 |
Enforcing alignment of approved changes and deployed changes in the software change life-cycle
On a host, host content change requests are intercepted in real-time. In a tracking mode, the change requests are logged and allowed to take effect on the host. In an enforcement mode, the change requests are logged and additionally compared against authorized change policies and a determination is made whether to allow the change to take effect or to block the changes, thereby enforcing the authorized change policies on the host. Tracking and enforcement can be done in real-time. In either mode and at any time, the logged changes can be reconciled against a set of approved change orders in order to identify classes of changes, including changes that were deployed but not approved and changes that were approved but not deployed. |
| US09602513B2 |
Access control of edges in graph index applications
A computer-implemented method that monitors the activity of different nodes within a system as well as crowd sourcing activity. The computer-implemented method determines that a first node formed a relationship with a second node, generates an edge based on the relationship between the first node and the second node, stores the edge in a graph index and assigns a privacy setting to the edge based on the relationship between the first and second nodes. |
| US09602512B2 |
Methods and apparatus to distribute media delivery to mobile devices
Methods and apparatus to distribute media content are disclosed. An example method includes receiving a request for media content from a mobile device, determining an identity of at least one of the mobile device or a consumer using the mobile device, comparing the identity to subscription records associated with the distribution of media content to a geographically fixed consumer location; and based on the comparison, determining if the mobile device is authorized to receive the media content. |
| US09602501B1 |
Bootstrapping user authentication
Disclosed are various embodiments relating to bootstrapping user authentication. A first application is authenticated based at least in part on a first security credential received via the first application in a first authentication request. A second security credential is generated. The second security credential is sent to the first application that is authenticated. The second application is authenticated based at least in part on the second security credential being received via the second application. |
| US09602498B2 |
Inline inspection of security protocols
Systems and methods for inline security protocol inspection are provided. According to one embodiment, a security device receives an encrypted raw packet from a first network appliance and buffers the encrypted raw packet in a buffer. An inspection module accesses the encrypted raw packet from the buffer, decrypts the encrypted raw packet to produce a plain text and scans the plain text by the inspection module. |
| US09602495B2 |
Automated identity assessment method and system
A method, system and software for assessing an entity (15) at a first user terminal (13) connected to a data network (10). A control system (11) is used to receive an access request (101) from the entity (15) or an assessing user (16) at a second user terminal (14). The control system (11) invokes or facilitates transmission of a time-delimited sequence of unpredictable prompts (18) to the entity (15) for a performance of visible prompted actions (20). A video recording (21) of the prompted action performance is stored in a data store (61) and the control system performs an automated assessment of the video recording (21) by a gesture recognition system (67d) and generates an assessment signal respectively including a positive or negative indication of whether or not said entity (15) validly performed said prompted actions. |
| US09602494B2 |
Third party paywall authentication system
The present technology provides a less burdensome mechanism to bring media items owned or licensed in the physical world into an account hosted by an electronic media provider. A specific use case deals with magazine subscriptions wherein the electronic media provider can send entity identifying information to a publisher clearinghouse that has subscription data for many different magazines. If the entity information sufficiently matches subscription information, the clearinghouse sends back data identifying magazines for which the entity is entitled to a digital copy, and these magazines become available to the user through the electronic media provider. |
| US09602493B2 |
Implicit challenge authentication process
A challenge value is received at a network connected device from a first server. A secure communication channel is established with the first server based on the challenge value. A request is sent from the network connected device to a second server to authenticate with the second server, wherein sending the request comprises sending a challenge response based on the challenge value to the second server prior to receiving a challenge from the second server. A challenge decision is received from the second server at the network connected device. The network connected device authenticates with the second server in response to the challenge decision. |
| US09602489B2 |
System and method of facilitating the identification of a computer on a network
A system and method for facilitating identification of an attacking computer in a network is provided. A user attempting to login to a network application may be presented with a screen prior to the login which lists preconditions of gaining access to the application. If a user concurs with the preconditions, a security module is downloaded to the user's computer and executed which gathers various configuration settings and transmits the gathered information to a predetermined destination. The security module may also attempt to place a call to a predetermined destination over a modem in the computer to cause registration of caller-ID data when answered at the predetermined destination. Once the security check is completed, login may proceed with the network application. Any data gathered by the security module may be stored for later recall and use to identify the computer in the event of an attack. |
| US09602480B2 |
Methods and apparatus for data access control
Systems and techniques for controlling access to data are described. Data is delivered to a repository in such a way that access to the data can be controlled, for example, by encrypting the data before delivery. The power to provide a requester with the ability to gain access to the data is divided, so that multiple entities can provide the requester with a portion of the information needed to gain access to the data. The portions of the information may be partial keys that can be assembled into a complete key. The requester can gain access to the data only if it receives all portions of the information needed to gain access to the data, and different criteria may be used to decide whether or not to provide each portion of the information to the requester. |
| US09602479B2 |
Encryption based on network information
A communications device according to the present disclosure for communicating within a communications network contains an encryption device and an initialization-vector generator. The encryption device encrypts outgoing messages at least partially by means of a code and an initialization vector, which is generated by the initialization-vector generator. In this context, the initialization vector is generated at least partially on the basis of network information of the communications network. |
| US09602478B2 |
Trust relationships in a computerized system
Methods and apparatuses for a computerized system are disclosed. A data processing device receives information from at least one source of log information in the computerized system and detects, based at least in part on said received log information, at least one security protocol related event at a first host device, the at least one security protocol related event being initiated by a second host device. Information is then stored for determination of a trust relationship record based on the detected at least one security protocol related event and information of the second host device. |
| US09602472B2 |
Methods and systems for privacy protection of network end users including profile slicing
Method(s) and system(s) for providing privacy to personal information of end users while utilizing recommendation services and personalized content are described. According to the present subject matter, the system(s) implement the described method(s) for providing privacy to personal information of end users. The method for privacy protection includes receiving user consumption data associated with one or more end users where the user consumption data comprises at least a slice of interest profile and associated interest group id of the slice of interest profile; and where the user consumption data is received through a network anonymization layer. The method may further include routing the user consumption data to an interest group aggregator node from amongst a plurality of intermediary nodes based on distributed hash table routing mechanism, and wherein the interest group aggregator node is associated with the interest group id present in the user consumption data. |
| US09602470B2 |
Network device, IPsec system and method for establishing IPsec tunnel using the same
A network device is provided. The network device is connected to a number of slave network devices. Each slave network device communicates with the network device by using an Internet protocol (IP) address. The network device includes an Internet protocol security (IPsec) module and a network address translation (NAT) module. The IPsec module establishes an IPsec tunnel to a network gateway in the Internet and retrieves an IPsec IP address corresponding to the IPsec tunnel. The NAT module converts the IP addresses of the slave network devices to the IPsec IP address, such that the slave network devices use the IPsec IP address to communicate with the network gateway through the IPsec tunnel. |
| US09602466B2 |
Method and apparatus for securing a computer
A computer system (100) is arranged to run at east one user-oriented operating system (153) (e.g. Windows, LINUX, etc.) on which a plurality of user-oriented applications (152) (e.g. Word processor, web browser, spreadsheet application, etc.) may run, the computer system being further arranged to run a secondary program supporting environment (154), (155) (e.g. computer BIOS, Hypervisor, basic LINUX operating system micro-kernel, etc.). The computer system (100) is arranged to run the secondary program supporting environment (154), when the main user-oriented operating system is not miming in either or both of the following situations: prior to loading the main operating system at boot-up time of the system or when a user wishes to log back into his/her operating system after having previously logged out or having been logged out automatically and/or during a sleep mode of the computer system. The computer system (100) is arranged to run within the secondary program supporting environment an agent program or programs (157), (158) which are operable to communicate with one or more remote servers (300) to obtain security patches associated with the user-oriented operating system and/or the user-oriented applications. |
| US09602464B2 |
Apparatus, system and method for allocating identifiers to components of a control system
Techniques and mechanisms to enable addressing of components accessed via a control interface. In an embodiment, a plurality of identifiers is logically split into first and second pools. The first pool is available for assigning to allow addressing of components while such components are active with respect to some functionality. The second pool is available for assigning to allow addressing of components while such components are passive with respect to some functionality. In another embodiment, different respective identifiers of the first pool pool are assigned each of first one or more of the plurality of components, and a respective identifier of the second pool is assigned to each of second one or more of the plurality of components. Any two of the second one or more components that have the same address default are assigned different respective identifiers of the second pool. |
| US09602460B2 |
Social mail response enhancement
A method and system for managing electronic messaging which includes monitoring an electronic message generated by a plurality of users. The electronic message including content. A criteria is determined for setting a status of the electronic message, and the criteria includes a change of the content of the electronic message. A change of the content of the electronic message is detected based on the criteria. The status of the electronic message is set, and the status is indicated to the plurality of users of the electronic message. |
| US09602458B2 |
Establishing an automatic communications delay based on prevailing activity factors
Methods and arrangements for imparting a communications delay. A delay is dynamically determined for sending an outgoing communication. The determining includes using information derived from a determination of a prevailing activity level of a sender, and the determined delay is applied to the outgoing communication. |
| US09602457B2 |
Mobile device having power save feature for establishing communications
A mobile device for accessing content stored on a remote server over a mobile network includes a processor configured to direct the mobile device to send a request directing a management server to initiate a transaction. |
| US09602454B2 |
Systems and methods for sending digital images
Facial recognition algorithms may identify the faces of one or more people in a digital image. Multiple types of communication may be available for the different people in the digital image. A user interface may be presented indicating recognized faces along with the available forms of communication for the corresponding person. An indication of the total number of people available to be communicated with using each form of communication may be presented. The user may have the option to choose one or more forms of communication, causing the digital image to be sent to the recipients using the selected forms of communication. An individual may have provided information for facial recognition of the individual to a service. Based on the information, the service may recognize that the individual is in an uploaded picture and send the digital image to the user account of the individual. |
| US09602453B2 |
Smart attachment to electronic messages
Aspects of the present invention associate an unsent electronic message with a target file that is attached to a first stored electronic message. A command to attach a file to the unsent electronic message is received. A list identifying one or more files attached to one or more stored electronic messages is displayed. The target file is one of the one or more files. An input identifying the target file is received. One of the target file and a file that identifies a location of the target file on a storage device is attached to the unsent electronic message. |
| US09602452B2 |
Space-efficient mail storing and archiving based on communication structure
The present invention relates to electronic mail. In particular, it relates to a method and system for processing electronic mail, wherein mails are stored in a space efficient way by removing redundancy from the content. Prior art is known for doing a limited version of this on a mail client.In order to provide a method and system which is adequate for server operation it is proposed to perform the steps of: splitting the content of an incoming e-mail into elementary mail segments by parsing and optionally normalizing the e-mail body based on a regular grammar with transduction rules; computing a unique ID for each elementary mail segment; storing the normalized or original form of an elementary mail segment together with a link to its respective parent elementary mail segment in a table in a way retrievable by said unique ID; and reconstructing an original e-mail from a concatenation of a respective sequence of said elementary mail segments wherein the unique ID for each elementary mail segment is used as a key for accessing said table and retrieving the respective elementary mail segment. |
| US09602447B2 |
Context based virtual area creation
Examples of systems and methods for context based virtual area creation are described. Some examples provide a quick and easy way for users to wrap virtual areas around contexts of interest. Examples of such contexts may be defined in terms of one or more of content, people, and real-world location. The virtual areas support realtime communications between communicants (e.g., one or more of text chat, voice, video, application sharing, and file sharing) and provide a persistent historical repository for interactions in the virtual area. Summaries of activities and other events in virtual areas typically are published in realtime so that other communicants can readily obtain a quick summary of the activities occurring in a particular context and decide whether or not to join or otherwise participate in those activities. |
| US09602445B2 |
Real-time targeted messages
Technologies and implementations for providing real-time targeted messages are generally disclosed. |
| US09602444B2 |
Participant suggestion system
A server system hosts a plurality of conversations, each having an identified set of participants. For a respective conversation, the server accesses the conversation in which a user is a participant. The server obtains a conversation profile for the conversation, the conversation profile based on information including content of the conversation and user-specific term weights for at least a plurality of terms in the content of the conversation. The server accesses a plurality of entity profiles that are based on content and/or structure in other conversations in which the user is a participant. The server compares at least a subset of the entity profiles to the conversation profile to identify a set of entities having entity profiles that best match the conversation profile, generates a suggestion for the user including a suggested entity from the identified set of entities; and sends the suggestion to the client system for display to the user. |
| US09602442B2 |
Allocating buffer for TCP proxy session based on dynamic network conditions
Allocation of buffers for a TCP proxy session between a client and a server by a service gateway includes monitoring dynamic network behaviors for server and client side sessions of the TCP proxy session; and allocating capacity for a server side buffer and capacity for a client side buffer in a memory buffer based on the dynamic server side network behaviors, the dynamic client side network behaviors, and a weighted average of a capacity of the memory buffer. In one approach to the allocation, the gateway determines whether an available capacity of the server or client side buffer is sufficient to store a data packet. If not sufficient, the allocated capacity of the server or client side buffer is increased based on measurements of the dynamic network behaviors and the weighted average, and the available capacity of the server or client side buffer is adjusted accordingly. |
| US09602441B2 |
Virtual stacking of switches
A first processor assigns switches and/or switch ports to a virtual stack according to configuration information and stores the virtual topography of the virtual stack in a mapping table. The mapping table correlates switches, switch ports, computer processors, and virtual stacks. The first processor receives a data unit from a first switch that includes a source address and a destination address. The destination address identifies a switch and switch port. The first processor compares the destination address to the mapping table to determine a second computer processor and sends the data unit to the second computer processor, the second computer processor corresponding to a switch and/or switch port identified in the destination address of the data unit. |
| US09602440B2 |
Re-establishing a direct tunnel between an access node and a gateway router
To re-establish a direct tunnel between an access node and a gateway router in a wireless network, a control node that provides mobility management on behalf of mobile stations detects restart of the gateway router. In response to detecting restart of the gateway router, the control node sends context information regarding a previously established direct tunnel to the gateway router to enable the gateway router to re-establish the direct tunnel. |
| US09602437B1 |
System and method for accelerating network applications using an enhanced network interface and massively parallel distributed processing
A system comprises a network interface to receive a stream of packets from a network, insert each of the packets into a buffer in memory of a graphics processing unit using direct memory access, assign each of the packets an index representing an offset indicating a location in the memory of the graphics processing unit, determine that a pre-configured buffer flow capacity has been reached regarding a first buffer in the graphics processing unit, and transmit an interrupt to the graphics processing unit corresponding to the pre-configured buffer flow capacity regarding the first buffer in the graphics processing unit. The graphics processing unit is connected to the network interface over a bus and starts a first kernel specific to the first buffer in response to the interrupt. |
| US09602435B2 |
Packet broadcast mechanism in a split architecture network
A method and system is implemented in a network node that functions as a controller for a domain in a split architecture network. The domain comprises a plurality of flow switches, where the plurality of flow switches implement a data plane for the split architecture network and the controller implements a control plane for the split architecture network that is remote from the data plane. The method and system configure the plurality of flow switches to efficiently handle each type of broadcast packet in the domain of the split architecture network without flooding the domain with the broadcast packets to thereby reduce a number of broadcast packets forwarded within the domain. |
| US09602434B1 |
Data center architecture utilizing optical switches
Embodiments of the invention describe flexible (i.e., elastic) data center architectures capable of meeting exascale, while maintaining low latency and using reasonable sizes of electronic packet switches, through the use of optical circuit switches such as optical time, wavelength, waveband and space circuit switching technologies. This flexible architecture enables the reconfigurability of the interconnectivity of servers and storage devices within a data center to respond to the number, size, type and duration of the various applications being requested at any given point in time. |
| US09602429B2 |
Traffic adjustment method and apparatus
A traffic adjustment method and an apparatus, which relate to the communications field, so that statistics on traffic of a receiving apparatus that needs to receive a first multicast packet can be accurately collected in a process of multicast packet transmission. A specific solution is as follows: A sending apparatus sends a first multicast packet, and determines whether an identity of a first receiving apparatus is in a receiving list of a first group, and if the identity of the first receiving apparatus is in the receiving list of the first group, the sending apparatus acquires multicast traffic of the first receiving apparatus, and subtracts the multicast traffic of the first receiving apparatus from preset traffic allocated to the first receiving apparatus to obtain corrected traffic of the first receiving apparatus. |
| US09602419B2 |
Minimizing network bandwidth for voice services over TDM CES
A method and system are provided for reducing bandwidth usage in TDM CES systems conveying analog data, such as voice data. A transmitting router receiving TDM frames for packetization monitors the digitized analog data in the TDM frames. If the analog data has not changed beyond a configured threshold for a configured length of time, the transmitting router signals the receiving router at the far end of a TDM Pseudowire that no packets for the TDM Pseudowire will be sent. The transmitting router does not send any packets over the TDM Pseudowire, not even packets with empty payloads. The receiving router a receiving such a signal starts to generate its own packets for placing in its jitter buffer. Valid data already within the jitter buffer is played out to the access port, but once this runs out dummy packets placed in the jitter buffer by the receiving router are played out. In this way the jitter buffer maintains its fill level even when no packets are being sent across the TDM Pseudowire. The transmitting router continues to monitor the received digitized analog data, and only when it determines that the analog data has changed beyond the threshold does the transmitting router signal the receiving router, and begins sending packets once again. The method and system thereby reduce the bandwidth usage in TDM CES systems conveying analog data by refraining from needlessly sending packets over the TDM-Pseudowire when the analog data is not changing. |
| US09602414B2 |
Apparatus and methods for controlled bandwidth reclamation
Apparatus and methods for control of bandwidth reclamation in a content distribution network. In one embodiment, the invention provides a network operator or subscriber with the ability to disable or otherwise control reclamation in a switched digital video (SDV) network. A controller uses rules in determining whether to reclaim bandwidth. These rules designate certain carriers, content, devices and/or subscribers as high priority (or protected from reclamation). In one variant, the rules determine which subscribers are queried (“pinged”) in order to evaluate whether delivered content is actually being utilized by these subscribers. Alternatively, selected ones of the devices are configured so as to generate an automatic response to any ping messages. In another variant, the rules for disabling bandwidth reclamation are entered via user interaction with an application running on a client device and in communication with the controller via a network proxy, or with the SDV server directly. |
| US09602411B2 |
System and method for suppressing DNS requests
A virtual private router (VPR) intercepts DNS requests and returns a pseudo IP address to the requesting application and the pseudo IP address is mapped to a domain name in the request. Requests for content including the pseudo IP address are modified to include the corresponding domain name and transmitted to an intermediary server, which resolves the domain name to a real IP address and forwards the content request. The content is received by the intermediary server, which returns it to the requesting application, such as by way of the VPR. Real IP addresses may be returned by the intermediary server such that subsequent content requests to the domain name may bypass the intermediary server. Requests for certain domains, ports, and/or protocols may bypass the intermediary server such that the VPR resolves the domain names to real IP addresses. |
| US09602407B2 |
Trie stage balancing for network address lookup
A trie comprising a plurality of subtries may be balanced by storing, in a first memory stage, a first root that identifies a first subtrie of a trie and a second root that identifies a second subtrie, which is a direct or indirect child of the first subtrie. A plurality of network address prefixes representing vertexes in the plurality of subtries may be stored in at least one additional memory stage. As the first subtrie is located on a top subtrie level which may contain relatively fewer network address prefixes, promoting the second subtrie to the top subtrie level may help improve memory utilization. Further, looking up any received network address may have less memory access latency. |
| US09602406B2 |
Data transfer control device and data transfer control method
A data transfer control device is provided with a storage configured to store management information that manages a topology of relay devices and a delay of a link between each adjacent relay devices where a link exists, and a processor executing the processing of specifying a main signal path and a detouring path that make an accommodation destination device an exit, allocating an identical label value to the main signal paths while allocating a separate label value different from the label value of the main signal path to the detouring paths respectively, generating a rule for a detouring label value management table, and transmitting the rule to relay devices that are subject to distribution. |
| US09602404B2 |
Last-hop processing for reverse direction packets
Some embodiments provide a method for a first managed forwarding element that implements a logical network. The method receives a packet from a second managed forwarding element. The first packet has an initial set of characteristics defining a first connection between a source machine connected to the second managed forwarding element and a destination machine connected to the first managed forwarding element. The method determines whether a second connection exists with the initial set of characteristics between a different machine connected to a third managed forwarding element and the destination machine. When a second connection exists with the initial set of characteristics, the method modifies at least one characteristic of the packet such that the modified packet does not have the same set of characteristics. The method delivers the modified packet to the destination machine. |
| US09602397B2 |
Flow control apparatus, network system, network control method, and program
A flow control apparatus that sends control information to one or more switching node apparatuses, where the control information is assigned to each series of communications performed between terminal devices via the switching node apparatuses. The flow control apparatus includes an effective time setting unit that sets an effective time of the control information based on an elapsed time measured from when the terminal devices which perform the series of communications start a communication via a specific one of the switching node apparatuses, in a manner such that the longer the elapsed time, the longer the effective time; and a sending unit that sends the control information every time when the effective time has elapsed. |
| US09602396B2 |
Fast recovery of multicast router ports on spanning tree protocol (STP) topology change in a layer 2 (L2) network
In one embodiment, a system includes a multicast snooping querier configured to send and receive Internet Group Membership Protocol (IGMP) messages, and one or more IGMP switches interconnected to form a network, wherein at least one of the one or more IGMP switches is connected to the multicast snooping querier, wherein the one or more IGMP switches are configured to: handle IGMP messages, and create a general query solicit (GQS) message configured to solicit a general query from the multicast snooping querier, and wherein the multicast snooping querier is configured to send out a general query (GQ) message on all ports in response to receiving the GQS message to solicit port information and group membership information from each of the one or more IGMP switches. In other embodiments, systems, methods and computer program products are described to enable fast recovery of multicast router ports, upon a STP topology change. |
| US09602395B2 |
Apparatus and method for switching communication channels having redundant configuration
An apparatus for switching multiple communication channels having a redundant configuration, includes a fault determining section configured to determine an occurrence of a fault of data received from a transmitting apparatus via one of the multiple communication channels having the redundant configuration, the data being set with one of multiple classes; a class control section configured to switch the data in one of the multiple classes being determined as having the fault, to one of the multiple communication channels having the redundant configuration being unused for transmission of the data in the class; a switching control section configured to generate switching information including information about the class determined to have the fault and a destination communication channel for the data in the class to be switched to; and a transmission section configured to transmit the switching information to the transmitting apparatus. |
| US09602391B2 |
Network apparatus and method for communication between different components
The present invention discloses a method for communication among different components, including integrating a Network Forwarding Component (NFC) for forwarding messages and at least one Independent Application Component (IAC) for performing other service processing into one network device; setting at least one cooperation mode in the NFC and each of the at least one IAC; and communicating with each other, by the NFC and the at least one IAC, according to the at least one cooperation mode. The cooperation mode may be any or any combination of a host mode, a mirror mode, a redirection mode and a pass-through mode. According to the present invention, the NFC and the IAC may communicate according to the cooperation mode so as to ensure that the NFC and the IAC can cooperate to provide various service capabilities including message forwarding and other additional service capabilities. |
| US09602389B1 |
Method and system for defining logical channels and channel policies in an application acceleration environment
Disclosed are a method and/or a system for defining logical channels and channel policies in an application acceleration environment. In one aspect, a system includes a branch site including a branch client. A headquarters site includes a headquarters server, the branch site and the headquarters site are communicatively coupled over a logical link via a transmission media. A first point of presence (POP) is communicatively coupled with a branch customer premise equipment (CPE) located at the branch site over a first segment of the logical link. A second POP is communicatively coupled with the first POP over a second segment of the logical link. Each segment of the logical link is constructed from a physical link and contains two segment endpoints. The physical link carries a network traffic of the network connection between the two segment endpoints of an associated segment. |
| US09602388B2 |
Session terminal apparatus and network session system
A session terminal apparatus constitutes a network session system together with another session terminal apparatus. In the session terminal apparatus, a back performance instruction part instructs reproduction of back performance information. A back performance control part transmits the back performance information, when the reproduction thereof is instructed by the back performance instruction part, to another session terminal apparatus, and controls a performance reproduction part to start reproducing the back performance information when a monitor delay time corresponding to a communication delay time between the session terminal apparatus and another session terminal apparatus has elapsed after the reproduction of the back performance information was instructed. |
| US09602387B2 |
Network topology optimization
In some examples, a controller for a multi-layer network comprising a network layer and an underlying transport layer is configured to obtain abstract link data describing a plurality of candidate links; determine, based at least on the abstract link data, a first solution comprising a network topology for the network layer that includes a first selected subset of the candidate links; determine, after generating a modified network topology based at least on the network topology and the abstract link data, a second solution comprising the modified network topology for the network layer that includes a second selected subset of the candidate links; and output, for configuring the multi-layer network, topology data for one of the first solution or the second solution having a lowest total cost, the lowest total cost including a total resource cost to the network for the one of the first solution or the second solution. |
| US09602386B2 |
Node apparatus, record medium for storing control program, wireless communication system, and method for data communication
First node stores completion information on second node that is adjacent to the first node, the completion information indicating whether or not a route between a target destination and the second node has been constructed using an address with a specified size; acquire a first address with the specified size that specifies the first node, and transmits to adjacent nodes the completion information on the first node indicating that the route between the target destination and the first node has been constructed using an address with a specified size, when the completion information on the second node has indicated that the route between the target destination and the second node has been constructed using the address with the specified size and when the first address has been acquired; and transmits a data frame by using the first address, when the completion information on the first node is transmitted. |
| US09602384B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit and test method thereof
A semiconductor integrated circuit, operable in a normal mode and a test mode, includes a demodulator, a demodulated signal processing section, a header analysis section, a payload processing section, and a control section. The demodulator demodulates a modulated wireless signal including a synchronization pattern, header, and payload, to generate a demodulated signal. The demodulated signal processing section detects the synchronization pattern from the demodulated signal, generates a synchronization detection signal synchronized to the synchronization pattern, and converts the demodulated signal into a received bit sequence. The header analysis section extracts and analyzes the header to obtain the number of bits of the payload. The payload processing section processes the payload. The control section disables the demodulator when processing of the number of bits in the payload is completed in the normal mode, and disables the demodulator synchronously with a signal indicating the end of a test in the test mode. |
| US09602383B2 |
General packet radio service tunnel performance monitoring
Arrangements include methods and systems for enabling collection of end to end performance information of individual tunnels in a GPRS. According to one aspect, a GTP-U sender node is configured to provide to a GTP-U receiver node a sequence number for a G-PDU to enable determination of a first set of one-way performance data of a GTP-U tunnel to be monitored. The GTP-U sender node may further be configured to provide an exit timestamp for a G-PDU to enable determination of a second set of one-way performance data of the GTP-U tunnel to be monitored. Either one or both of the sender node and the receiver node may send G-PDU performance monitor records to a GTP-U performance monitor collector. |
| US09602379B2 |
Real-time route selection based-on estimated transmission overhead
In one embodiment, one or more neighboring nodes that neighbor a sending node in a channel-hopping network are determined. Each neighboring node has multiple channels on which a data packet can be received at a particular time according to a channel-hopping receive schedule. Then, a currently active channel of each neighboring node is determined, where a data packet can be received on the currently active channel at the current time. A channel quality of the currently active channel of each neighboring node is computed, and based on the computations, a transmission overhead is estimated for communicating with each neighboring node. A data packet can then be transmitted to the neighboring node that provides a path that minimizes the estimated transmission overhead. |
| US09602378B2 |
Route decision method, content delivery apparatus, and content delivery network interconnection system
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a route decision method, a content delivery apparatus, and a content delivery network interconnection system. A route decision method includes: receiving a notification message sent by a downstream CDN; determining a current service aggregate according to the notification message; and according to the current service aggregate and a total service quantity thresholdtotal quantity of services, performing route decision on a to-be-forwarded user request, where the total service quantity thresholdtotal quantity of services is an upper limit, set by the downstream CDN, of services capable of being provided by the downstream CDN for an upstream CDN. The embodiments of the present invention improve the accuracy of an upstream CDN in selecting a downstream CDN for a to-be-forwarded user request, and thereby improve the route decision efficiency. |
| US09602375B2 |
Tracing host-originated logical network packets
Some embodiments provide a method for a first host machine that hosts a virtual machine connected to a particular logical network. The method receives a command to test connectivity between the first host machine and a set of at least one additional host machine that also host virtual machines on the particular logical network. At the first host machine, the method generates a packet for sending to the set of additional host machines in order to test the connectivity. The method appends to the generated packet (i) information that identifies the particular logical network and (ii) a flag indicating that the packet is for connectivity testing. The method encapsulates the generated packet with tunnel endpoint addresses, including a tunnel endpoint located at the first host machine. The method sends the encapsulated packet from the first host machine to the set of additional host machines according to the tunnel encapsulation. |
| US09602372B2 |
Using endpoint host checking to classify unmanaged devices in a network and to improve network location awareness
A device receives, from a managed device, endpoint information associated with an unmanaged device connected to the managed device in a network. The device also receives unmanaged device information that partially identifies the unmanaged device, and completely identifies the unmanaged device based on the endpoint information and the unmanaged device information. |
| US09602369B2 |
Data delivery
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for support dependent post delivery. In one aspect, a method included generating transmission data for a web page served by a first server and rendered on the client device, the first sever belonging to a first domain; determining if the client device supports cross origin resource sharing; in response to a determination that the client device does not support cross origin resource sharing: defining an iFrame for the web page, the iFrame belonging to a second domain of a receiving server, and having a name value derived from the transmission data, receiving iFrame instructions from the receiving server and executing the iFrame instructions in the iFrame, the iFrame instruction causing the client device to: generate an HTTP POST request to the receiving server from the iFrame name value, the first HTTP POST request including the transmission data. |
| US09602368B1 |
Identifier quality
Methods, systems, and apparatus include computer programs encoded on a computer-readable storage medium, including a method for providing information about cookies. Input is received from a data provider, the input including one or more cookies associated with users in a network. Each cookie is evaluated, and an activity level in the network for a given cookie is determined. A threshold activity level is determined. Inactive cookies are identified based on the determined activity level of a respective cookie and the threshold activity level. Inactive cookies are reported. |
| US09602365B2 |
System and method of infrastructure service discovery
A system and method of infrastructure service discovery is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a method includes generating a service query message at a mobile station. The method also includes sending the service query message to an advertisement server via an uncontrolled port. |
| US09602364B2 |
Dynamic and adaptive quota shares
Embodiments relate to dynamically allocating access to a shared resource based on quota shares. An aspect includes computing, by a client node, an expected size of quota shares needed by the client node based on a historical rate of resource consumption by the client node. The client node transmits a request for a count of quota shares based on the expected size. The client node receives an indication that the request for the count of quota shares is one of: granted, denied, and granted-in-part. The client node self-rules the shared resource based on the indication. |
| US09602362B2 |
Evaluation of use of a service and/or function provided or called by a web service
A method for evaluating use of a service and/or function provided by an automation component. To implement an evaluation of a use of the service and/or functions of the automation component with little hardware complexity, a web service is called by a web service call, the web service call or a function call generated by the web service is recognized by means of a recognition module implemented in the automation component, service and/or function information that regards the called service and/or function and that is contained in the web service call or the function call is read out by means of the recognition module, the web service is executed after release, service- and/or function-specific data are detected by means of a detection module during the execution of the web service, and the service and/or function provided by the automation component is evaluated. |
| US09602358B2 |
Extensible infrastructure for representing networks including virtual machines
Embodiments provide a virtual machine infrastructure including an application model and a user interface for displaying data associated with a plurality of nodes. The user interface is arranged in a hierarchy of views. An application is added to the infrastructure by adding an edge category and a view extension to the infrastructure. The user interface simultaneously displays the added view extension together with a view extension provided by another application. |
| US09602356B1 |
Groups based performance data collection
A system for controlled-tuning path performance data collection is provided according to group membership controlled using a tool or application. In an embodiment, criteria may be established for groups that are populated by member objects that satisfy the criteria, and performance data collection is performed for such criteria groups may be turned on or off from an interface of the tool. The tool may automatically update group membership and performance data collection characteristics according to user controlled settings but without requiring further user intervention during the updating. The described system may thereby be advantageously used in connection with management of performance data collection based on a defined groups framework in which selected groups are created, based on specified criteria, that contain objects (e.g., hosts, arrays, switches etc.) for which performance data should be collected. |
| US09602353B2 |
Communication management system, communication terminal, communication system, and recording medium storing control program
A management system modifies a group of one or more member communication terminals indicated by first candidate information of a first communication terminal in response to information indicating to modify the first candidate information of the first communication terminal to generate second candidate information of a second communication terminal. |
| US09602352B2 |
Network element of a software-defined network
A network element of a software-defined network includes functional entities (321-325) capable of transferring data between each other and providing connections to other network elements. One or more of the functional entities are configurable with configuration data received from a controller of the software-defined network. The network element is adapted to transmit, to the controller, entity-specific capability descriptors related to the functional entities configurable with the configuration data. Each entity-specific capability descriptor expresses operations capable of being carried out by the respective functional entity. As the controller is made aware of the capabilities of the functional entities, the goal of the software-defined networking to provide controlled management of the data-forwarding functionality of a network element as a whole can be extended to the functional entities, e.g. line interface modules, so that each functional entity can be configured individually in accordance with the capabilities and resources of the functional entity. |
| US09602348B2 |
Methods and apparatus for detecting and handling split brain issues in a link aggregation group
Methods and apparatus for operating a virtual node in a LAG that includes a first virtual node and a second virtual node are disclosed. The first virtual node includes at least a first fellow node and a second fellow node. In one exemplary method, the first fellow node receives, from the second virtual node, first control information comprising a system ID and first configuration information associated with the LAG. The first control information is compared with reference configuration information representing previously established expected configuration information associated with the LAG. Based on that comparison, and at least one additional criterion, a split brain condition may be determined to exist in the LAG. In a complementary fashion, a fellow node of the second virtual node may be configured to alter its transmitted configuration information depending on whether it is able to communicate with its fellow node in the second virtual node. |
| US09602345B2 |
Performance optimizations for wireless access points
In an example, a performance of an access point in a wireless network is optimized based on a statistical ranking of independent variables. A device analyzer may calculate a dependent variable for the performance of the access point and independent variables that impact the dependent variable from a set of independent variables based on real-time access point data received from a plurality of access points. A predictive modeler may generate a model to forecast the performance of the access point and to determine an impact ranking for the independent variables from the dependent and independent variables. The impact ranking may sequence the independent variables according to their impact on the dependent variable. Accordingly, a configuration circuit may adjust a controllable parameter of the access points according to the impact ranking. |
| US09602343B1 |
System and method for establishing connection with network controller
In a software defined network, dataplane connectivity is established between a computing device in the network and a controller. The computing device receives a probe packet from the controller, and identifies a port of the computing device through which the probe packet was received. The computing device sets a local route for communication with the controller through the identified port. The computing device then establishes a connection with the controller through the local route. This procedure is reiterated to incrementally expand network connectivity to a plurality of network devices. |
| US09602336B2 |
Configurable network management system event processing using simple network management table indices
In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method, comprises receiving a simple network management protocol (SNMP) management information base (MIB) definition file; identifying in the MIB definition file one or more SNMP notification varbinds and associated notification varbind information; storing in a compiled MIB file for each of the varbinds: notification varbind info and columnar index info; causing generating a user interface having values based on the compiled MIB file; receiving user input selecting values and setting one or more network management system (NMS) event descriptions or event correlation rules; creating a NMS configuration file that is configured to cause the NMS at runtime to include and use the event descriptions or event correlation rules, and the compiled MIB file, in SNMP notification configuration or event correlation functions of the network management logic. As a result, descriptive data relating to SNMP notification columnar objects becomes available for use in graphical user interface data display panels in event descriptions and in event correlation rules and processes without users or administrators having to learn a special language or API or use a special NMS configuration file format. |
| US09602330B1 |
Two-stage TCP handshake
Techniques are disclosed for dividing a TCP handshake into multiple parts, in a system comprising an edge device, an intermediary computing node, and a destination computing node. A client sends a TCP SYN packet to the edge device, to establish a TCP connection with the destination computing node. The edge device performs the handshake, and then forwards an ACK packet to the intermediary computing node. The intermediary computing node uses that ACK packet to generate a second SYN packet, and uses that SYN packet to perform a TCP handshake with the destination computing node. Then, TCP sequence numbers are converted between what is expected by the client and destination in packets sent between the two. |
| US09602329B1 |
Dynamic remote procedure call
Apparatus, methods and systems are disclosed that provide a dynamic remote procedure call (DRPC) capability. DRPC enables a client of a server to dynamically create, modify, and inactivate the services provided by the server while the server is simultaneously executing and providing those services. |
| US09602328B2 |
System, method and computer program product for secure peer-to-peer transactions
A system, method, and computer program product are provided for secure peer to peer transactions. In use, a peer to peer secured transaction is initiated between a first device and a second device. A request is prepared with signed keys at the first device, and the request may be received at the second device. Next, signed keys at the second device are validated and a response is prepared with signed keys at the second device and sent to the first device. Further, the response is cleared via issuer/broker/clearing house at the first device. Lastly, a receipt is prepared and signed at the first device, and the signed receipt is sent to the second device. Additional systems, methods, and computer program products are also presented. |
| US09602327B2 |
Method and apparatus for asynchronous information transactions
A method of responding to an information request involved in an asynchronous data transaction is described. An information request is produced in a client device and then wrapped in one or more layers to produce a request package. The request package is transmitted over a distributed network comprising a plurality of processing nodes. Layers are added to and/or removed from the package at one or more of the nodes. The package is processed at its final destination, and a response package is generated for transmission back to the client device via the distributed network. |
| US09602320B2 |
Broadcast signal transmitter, broadcast signal receiver, and method for transceiving broadcast signals in broadcast signal transceivers
A broadcast signal receiver according to the present invention comprises: a demodulator for performing OFDM demodulation on a received broadcast signal including a frame for the delivery of a broadcast service: a frame demapper for outputting the frame, the frame including a preamble that contains first signaling information, and a plurality of link-layer-pipes (LLPs) that contain PLP data, second signaling information and third signaling information, with the PLP data including a base layer and an enhancement layer of the broadcast service; and a decoder for decoding the first signaling information, for decoding the second and third signaling information, and for selectively decoding the PLP data by using the third signaling information. |
| US09602315B2 |
Method and apparatus for passive continuous-time linear equalization with continuous-time baseline wander correction
Described is an apparatus which comprises: an amplifier; and a passive continuous-time linear equalizer integrated with a baseline wander (BLW) corrector, wherein the integrated equalizer and BLW corrector is coupled to the amplifier. |
| US09602314B1 |
Communications receiver equalizer
A continuous-time linear equalizer implementing enhanced analog delay cells with gain-peaking characteristics and a constant delay time. A receiver feed-forward equalizer architecture implements a gain-stage chain, analog multipliers for correcting coefficients, and a linear combiner as an analog summation circuit. Each of the gain stages produces linear gain peaking and presents a constant delay-time (through calibrations) at each stage. Each delay cell includes a transconductance stage configured to convert a differential input voltage signal to a differential output current signal, wherein the transconductance stage includes a differential pair of first and second transistors coupled in a source degeneration configuration, a negative resistance network coupled in parallel with a tunable resistor network, and shunt inductive circuitry coupled in parallel with the negative resistance network. The delay cells also include a transimpedance stage configured to convert the differential output current signal received from the transconductance stage to a differential output voltage signal, wherein the transimpedance stage implements a first transimpedance amplifier coupled in series with a first shunt inductive circuit. The shunt inductive circuits may include inductorless inductor circuit elements. |
| US09602308B2 |
Servicing packets in a virtual network and a software-defined network (SDN)
In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a processor and logic configured to designate one of a plurality of endpoint virtual network identifiers (EPVNIDs) for each endpoint device in a network, wherein each EPVNID is configured to be shared by one or more endpoint devices, designate a common waypoint virtual network identifier (WPVNID) for all transparent waypoint devices in the network which perform a same function, designate a unique WPVNID for each routed waypoint device in the network, designate a common virtual network identifier (VNID) for all virtual switches in a single virtual network, wherein a different VNID is designated for each virtual network, and create a service chain table comprising each VNID, WPVNID, and EPVNID designated in the network individually correlated with at least a pair of VNIDs: a source VNID and a destination VNID, based on one or more policies affecting application of services to packets in the network. |
| US09602293B2 |
Managing idle mode of operation in network switches
Embodiments include a method for operating a network switch that is coupled to a plurality of devices, the method comprising: determining whether the network switch has, for at least a threshold period of time, (i) not received any data packets from the plurality of devices and (ii) not transmitted any data packets to the plurality of devices; in response to determining that the network switch has, for at least the threshold period of time, (i) not received any data packets from the plurality of devices and (ii) not transmitted any data packets to the plurality of devices, entering, by the network switch, a first mode of operation; while the network switch operates in the first mode of operation, monitoring a plurality of signals; and in response to detecting a change in one of the plurality of signals, exiting, by the network switch, the first mode of operation. |
| US09602290B2 |
System and method for vehicle messaging using a public key infrastructure
An embodiment method for vehicle messaging includes obtaining initial trust information that includes a root public key (RPK), and obtaining a first pool of group certificate (GC) sets and a first vehicle authentication certificate that includes a first encrypted serial number. The method also includes: selecting from the first pool a first GC and a first group private key (Gpk); determining a first signature in accordance with a first message and a digest function; sending a first datagram that includes the first message and the first signature; receiving a second datagram that includes a second GC and a second signature, the second GC duplicating a GC in the first pool; receiving a third datagram that includes a third GC and a third signature, the third GC not duplicating any GC in the first pool; and verifying the second and third datagrams in accordance with the digest function and RPK. |
| US09602286B2 |
Electronic device and method for extracting encrypted message
A method of an electronic device is provided. The method includes generating a key code by receiving a selection on at least one area from among areas of an image displayed, decrypting an encrypted message included in the image by using the generated key code, and determining whether to output the encrypted message by determining whether a hash code for the decrypted message is identical to a hash code for inputted text information. |
| US09602285B2 |
Authentication device, authentication method, and program
An authentication device includes circuitry that holds L (L≧2) secret keys si (i=1 to L) and L public keys yi that satisfy yi=F(si) with respect to a set F of multivariate polynomials of n-th order (n≧2). The circuitry also performs with a verifier, an interactive protocol for proving knowledge of (L−1) secret keys si that satisfy yi=F(si). The circuitry receives L challenges from the verifier, arbitrarily selects (L−1) challenges from the L challenges received. The circuitry also generates, by using the secret keys si, (L−1) responses respectively for the (L−1) challenges selected, and transmits the (L−1) responses generated. |
| US09602284B1 |
Secure offline authentication
A user workstation stores a vendor identifier and encrypted data comprising a first string of randomized data, a second string of randomized data, and encrypted text, the encrypted text further comprising a first security answer. The user workstation receives credentials information and a second security answer. The user workstation then generates an encryption key. Further, the user workstation uses the encryption key to decrypt the encrypted text and extract the first security answer. Then, the user workstation compares the second security answer with the first security answer and authenticates the second username if the second security answer is the same as the first security answer. |
| US09602281B2 |
Parallelizable cipher construction
A method of providing security in a computer system includes producing an output block of data from an input block of data, which may be performed by one or more logic circuits. The output block of data may be produced by a cipher that includes a plurality of parallel, different mixing functions and a combination function. In this regard, producing the output block of data includes applying the plurality of parallel, different mixing functions to the input block of data to produce a plurality of updated blocks of data, with each mixing function mapping the input block of data to a respective one of the plurality of updated blocks of data. And producing the output block of data includes combining the plurality of updated blocks of data in the combination function to produce the output block of data. |
| US09602277B2 |
User interface systems and methods for secure message oriented communications
A convenient, easy to use ubiquitous secure communications capability can automatically encrypt and decrypt messages without requiring any special intermediating security component such as gateways, proxy servers or the like. Trusted/secure applications for the mobile workforce can significantly improve productivity and effectiveness while enhancing personal and organizational security and safety. |
| US09602275B2 |
Server pool kerberos authentication scheme
The present disclosure relates to the authenticating a client against a pool of servers utilizing a secure authentication protocol, and, more specifically, to the authenticating a client against a pool of servers providing a common service, utilizing the Kerberos secure authentication protocol. |
| US09602273B2 |
Implementing key scheduling for white-box DES implementation
A device and method for performing a keyed cryptographic operation mapping an input message to an output message including a first and a second round, wherein the cryptographic operation includes a key scheduling method that produces round keys based upon the encryption key, including: instructions for receiving a first input by the first round; instructions for receiving a second input by the first round; instructions for outputting the second input as a third input to the second round; instructions for performing a first cryptographic operation on the second input using a first static round key to produce a first cryptographic output; and instructions for combining first input, the first cryptographic output, and a second encoded dynamic round key to produce a fourth input to the second round, wherein the second encoded dynamic round key is produced by inputting an encoded dynamic encryption key into the key scheduling method. |
| US09602272B2 |
Clock and data recovery circuit and system using the same
A clock and data recovery circuit may include: a phase detection unit configured to generate an early phase detection signal and a late phase detection signal by comparing a clock signal and data; a filtering unit configured to generate an up signal and a down signal based on a number of generation times of the early phase detection signal and a number of generation times of the late phase detection signal; a phase information summing unit configured to receive an output of the filtering unit at each cycle of the clock signal, and generate first and second phase control signals by summing up numbers of the up signals and the down signals received from the filtering unit during a summing-up time; and a phase interpolator configured to adjust a phase of the clock signal according to the first and second phase control signals. |
| US09602268B2 |
Full-duplex communication apparatus and method
An embodiment of the present invention discloses a full-duplex communication apparatus, including at least one transmit antenna and at least one signal synthesizing apparatus, where the signal synthesizing apparatus is connected to at least two receive antennas, the at least one transmit antenna is configured to transmit a first transmit signal, the at least two receive antennas are configured to separately receive the first transmit signal, and the signal synthesizing apparatus is configured to receive the first transmit signal from the at least two receive antennas, where a phase difference exists between the received first transmit signals, and synthesize the received first transmit signals, where strength of the synthesized first transmit signal is lower than strength of at least one of the first transmit signals received by the signal synthesizing apparatus. |
| US09602265B2 |
System and method for handling communications requests
A system and method for handling communications requests. Network performance information of a communications network is gathered using PIP data packets to determine a status of a number of nodes of the communications network. Available bandwidth through connections of the communications network are determined based on the PIP data packets. The available bandwidth for a number of customers is allocated for new connections and utilized bandwidth through the connections as the utilized bandwidth changes across the communications network. |
| US09602264B2 |
Method for transmitting uplink control information, user equipment, method for receiving uplink control information, and base station
A method for transmitting an uplink signal by a user equipment in a wireless communication system; the user equipment; a method for receiving an uplink signal by a base station in a wireless communication system; and the base station are discussed. The method for transmitting an uplink signal includes, according to one embodiment, receiving, by the user equipment, an enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH); receiving, by the user equipment, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on the EPDCCH; and transmitting acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information corresponding to the PDSCH using a PUCCH resource. The PUCCH resource is determined based on an index of an EPDCCH allocation unit included in the EPDCCH and on an index of an antenna port used for the EPDCCH. |
| US09602260B2 |
Method and apparatus for transmitting ACK/NACK
A technology enabling a base station to transmit acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information about data received from a terminal is provided. A cyclic shift value difference of each terminal may be maximized and a radio resource for transmitting the ACK/NACK information may be assigned without collision. |
| US09602259B2 |
Communication method and communication apparatus
The present disclosure provides an orthogonal codes based code division multiplexing method of performing the code division multiplexing of demodulation reference signals in multiple layers of resource blocks by using orthogonal matrices, the method comprising: changing the order of chips in particular rows of a first orthogonal matrix to obtain a second orthogonal matrix with the changed order of chips; and multiplying the chips in respective rows of the second orthogonal matrix by the demodulation reference signals in corresponding layers of resource blocks correspondingly in the time direction to obtain code division multiplexing signals. The technical scheme of the present disclosure can improve the power jitter situation of downlink signals on the time, thereby the usage efficiency of the power amplifier at the base station side can be improved. |
| US09602257B2 |
Method and system for centralized distributed transceiver management
A master application device comprises a plurality of distributed transceivers, a central baseband processor, and a network management engine that manages operation of the master application device and end-user application devices. The master application device communicates data streams to the end-user devices utilizing one or more distributed transceivers selected from the plurality of distributed transceivers. The selected distributed transceivers are dynamically configured to switch between spatial diversity mode, frequency diversity mode, multiplexing mode and MIMO mode based on corresponding link quality and propagation environment. Digital signal processing needed for the selected distributed transceivers is performed by the central baseband processor. The network management engine continuously monitors communication environment information to configure beamforming settings and/or antenna arrangement for the selected distributed transceivers. Connection types, communication protocols, and/or transceiver operation modes are determined for the selected distributed transceivers. Resources are allocated to the selected distributed transceivers to continue subsequent data communication. |
| US09602246B2 |
Method and apparatus for feedback-based real-time network coding
The present subject-matter relates to transmitting a real-time data stream, namely simultaneously to multiple receivers over unreliable networks (e.g. wireless multicast), in a timely and reliable manner, in particular to a method, apparatus and computer program product for feedback-based real-time network coding. It is disclosed a computer-implemented method for a transmitting node, a receiving node, and an intermediate node of feedback-based real-time network coding from a transmitter and to one or more receivers, in particular comprising a linear combination of packets from the transmitter; determining whether the received linear combination of packets is linearly independent of previous linear combinations of packets; determining the validity of a priority level of the packets; determining validity of the deadline of the packets; determining whether a packet is to be removed from a transmit queue, and if determined removing it. There are also disclosed said transmitting, receiving, and intermediate nodes. |
| US09602242B2 |
Coherent reception with noisy channel state information
Systems and methods for improved coherent demodulation that account for variation of an effective channel estimation error with transmitted symbols are provided. In one embodiment, a wireless node includes a receiver front-end, a channel estimator, and a soft-value processor. The receiver front-end is adapted to output samples of a received signal. The channel estimator is adapted to estimate a channel between a transmitter of the received signal and the wireless node based on the samples of the received signal. The soft-value processor is adapted to process the samples of the received signal according to a soft-value generation scheme that accounts for variation of an effective channel estimation error with transmitted symbols to thereby provide corresponding soft values. By accounting for the variation of the effective channel estimation error with transmitted symbols, the soft-value processor provides improved performance, particularly in a low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) scenario. |
| US09602233B2 |
Method for transmitting control information in wireless communication systems
When a plurality of terminals share the same resources in a wireless communication system, and when control information such as acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NAK) information or scheduling information is transmitted, a method of efficiently performing code division multiplexing (CDM) is required to distinguish the plurality of terminals. In particular, it is necessary to develop a method by which a code sequence of CDM can be selected and used according to each cell condition. Provided is a method of forming a signal in a wireless communication system in which a plurality of terminals commonly share frequency and time resources. The method includes the operations of receiving condition information in a cell; selecting one of a plurality of time domain orthogonal sequences having different lengths, according to the condition information; and allocating the selected time domain orthogonal sequence to a control signal symbol block. |
| US09602232B2 |
Transmitting apparatus and mapping method thereof
A transmitting apparatus is disclosed. The transmitting apparatus includes an encoder to perform channel encoding with respect to bits and generate a codeword, an interleaver to interleave the codeword, and a modulator to map the interleaved codeword onto a non-uniform constellation according to a modulation scheme, and the constellation may include constellation points defined based on various tables according to the modulation scheme. |
| US09602229B2 |
Method for cancelling a data transmission of a neighboring cell
A method of interference cancellation is proposed. A UE obtains configuration information of a data transmission from a neighboring cell via an interference channel in a mobile communication network. The UE receives radio signals on a set of data resource elements as determined based on the obtained configuration information. The UE then estimates the interference channel corresponding to the data transmission from the neighboring cell based on the received radio signals on the set of data resource elements. Finally, the UE cancels the data transmission from the neighboring cell based on the estimated interference channel. |
| US09602225B2 |
Impairment compensation
A method is provided for compensating for impairment of an electrical signal output from a device under test (DUT), the impairment resulting from an impairment network. The method includes measuring an impaired electrical signal received at an electronic analyzer via the impairment network; applying a stimulus signal to the impairment network; estimating an impairment transfer function corresponding to the impairment based on the applied stimulus signal; and correcting the measured electrical signal using the impairment transfer function to determine the electrical signal output from the DUT. |
| US09602223B2 |
Differential signal transmission
Transport of differential signals is provided. In one aspect, a telecommunications system includes a first unit and a second unit. The first unit can calculate a differential signal from an original signal. The differential signal can represent a change in signal levels between constant time intervals in the original signal. The second unit can estimate the original signal from the differential signal received from the first unit over a communication medium. |
| US09602217B2 |
Ultra-wide band signal generation using digitally jointed dual sidebands and RF up-conversion for single optical carrier transmission
The present invention is directed to a controller for generating ultra-wide band electrical signals for high data-rate single optical carrier transmission. The controller includes generating a digitally jointed baseband signal with radio frequency RF up-conversion to create optical dual side bands. |
| US09602215B2 |
Dynamic fare collection data probe
The invention provides a device, system, and method for receiving and transmitting fare collection data with a dynamic fare collection data probe. Specifically, the dynamic fare collection data probe automatically adjusts gain to allow for faster data rates and compensate for variances within emitter and detector parameters associated with a fare collection system. |
| US09602212B2 |
Optical communication system, optical communication method, higher-network apparatus, and optical line terminal
A communication system and method comprising a higher-network apparatus and a lower-network apparatus connected through a PON system, which transfers uplink data from the lower-network apparatus to the higher-network apparatus at high speed so as to meet severe conditions required for a delay time between the higher-network apparatus and the lower-network apparatus. The method including a scheduling execution process in which a higher-network apparatus performs scheduling for uplink communication from each of the lower-network apparatus to the device itself and an uplink data transmission permission process in which the higher-network apparatus calculates a transmission time and a transmission permission amount of uplink data transmitted from an ONU to OLT based on the scheduling for uplink communication and notifies the OLT. |
| US09602210B2 |
Flexible head-end chassis supporting automatic identification and interconnection of radio interface modules and optical interface modules in an optical fiber-based distributed antenna system (DAS)
Flexible head-end chassis supporting automatic identification and interconnection of radio interface modules (RIMs) and optical interface modules (OIMs) in an optical fiber-based distributed antenna system (DAS) are disclosed. In one embodiment, the flexible head-end chassis includes a plurality of module slots each configured to receive either a RIM or an OIM. A chassis control system identifies an inserted RIM or OIM to determine the type of module inserted. Based on the identification of the inserted RIM or OIM, the chassis control system interconnects the inserted RIM or OIM to related combiners and splitters in head-end equipment for the RIM or OIM to receive downlink communication signals and uplink communications signals for processing and distribution in the optical fiber-based DAS. In this manner, the optical fiber-based DAS can easily be configured or reconfigured with different combinations of RIMs and OIMs to support the desired communications services and/or number of remote units. |
| US09602208B2 |
Content distribution system
A content distribution system may include a headend server and media converters, the headend server being configured to distribute content items to user devices via the media converters and gateway devices. Each of the media converters may include a media converter cache and may be coupled to the headend server and a subset of the gateway devices, where each of the user devices is communicatively coupled to one of the gateway devices. The headend server may be further configured to determine one of the content items that is expected to be requested by a group of the user devices, determine one of the media converters that is coupled, via the subset of the gateway devices, to a largest number of user devices in the group of the user devices, and coordinate storing the one of the content items in the media converter cache of the one of the media converters. |
| US09602206B2 |
Method and apparatus for Raman cross-talk mitigation
Disclosed are an apparatus and method configured to process video data signals operating on a passive optical network (PON). One example method of operation may include receiving a data signal at an optical distribution network node (ODN) and identifying signal interference in the data signal. The method may also include modifying a shape of the data signal in the electrical domain and transmitting the modified data signal to at least one optical termination unit (ONT). |
| US09602205B2 |
Multidirectional optical positioning method and device thereof
A multidirectional optical positioning method and a device thereof, and more particularly a signal transmission and positioning method applied to visible light communication and a device thereof. The device includes a transparent board having multiple different light conversion layers on the surface. The light conversion layers are arranged in one single axial direction. A light emitting unit is used to project an incident light onto an incident side of the transparent board. After the incident light passes through the light conversion layers, the incident light is converted into multiple radiating lights with different physical effects, which are emitted from an emission side of the transparent board. A sensor is disposed on the emission side of the transparent board to receive the radiating lights, whereby the position of the sensor can be found according to different extents of the physical effects of the different radiating lights. |
| US09602202B1 |
Triple output photodetector current replicator
Methods and systems for replicating current outputs from a photodetector include using a transimpedance (TIA) amplifier to directly generate a TIA output voltage that is linear with optical power at the photodetector. Additionally, a first logarithmic amplifier is used to generate a first output voltage from the photodetector current and a second logarithmic amplifier is used to generate a second voltage from a copy of the photodetector current. The first voltage and the second voltage may be linear in some cases with the optical power in decibels. |
| US09602200B2 |
Multiple wavelength optical assemblies for inline measurement of optical power and fiber optic networks
An apparatus for measuring optical power including a first multiplexer/demultiplexer to split/combine an optical signal including a first wavelength and second wavelength; a second multiplexer/demultiplexer to split/combine an optical signal including the first wavelength and the second wavelength; a first tap photodetector coupled to the first and second multiplexer/demultiplexers and to a first measurement device; and a second tap photodetector coupled to the first and second multiplexer/demultiplexers and to a second measurement device. |
| US09602195B2 |
Network design apparatus, network design method, and storage medium storing network design program
A network design apparatus includes: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute: accommodation design processing of, based on a traffic of a protection-applied or protection-unapplied first link in a first layer, generating a protection-unapplied second link in a second layer lower than the first layer, and generating a working path and a protection path of the first link on a network configured of the second link, and protection application processing of, based on the protection-unapplied second link and the working path and the protection path of the first link that are generated in the accommodation design processing, selecting or generating a protection-applied link in the second layer from the protection-unapplied second link. |
| US09602192B2 |
Communication apparatus using radio waves between rotator and stator
An insulating transmission medium with high insulation reliability which transmits electromagnetic energy between circuits having different reference voltages, with low loss, in small size, and at low cost, and a communication apparatus which uses radio waves between a rotator and a stator to perform two-way communication between at least one rotator-specific communication device placed on a rotator. One stator-specific communication device is placed on a stator and is connected to multiple stator-specific antennas. The rotator-specific communication device is connected to at least one rotator-specific antenna, and includes a signal strength indicator. The stator-specific communication device includes a phase shifter which increases or decreases the phase angle of the signal by a phase shift amount in such a manner as that the signal strength is equal to or more than a predetermined value. |
| US09602191B2 |
Streaming display data from a mobile device using backscatter communications
A method of wirelessly communicating a screen image between a mobile device and a base station coupled to a display terminal includes establishing a wireless display session between the mobile device and the base station. Electromagnetic (“EM”) radiation emitted from the base station is incident upon an antenna of the mobile device. The screen image is transmitted to the base station for display on the display terminal by modulating a radar cross-section of the mobile device between two or more states to encode the screen image on a backscatter channel of the EM radiation. |
| US09602183B2 |
Method and apparatus for reporting channel state information in wireless communication system
One embodiment of the present invention is a method for reporting channel state information by means of a terminal in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: a step of measuring a channel using at least one channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) indicated by at least one feedback type index from among a plurality of feedback type indices; and a step of generating channel state information based on the channel measurement and reporting the channel state information. Each of the plurality of feedback type indices indicates one or more CSI-RS configurations to be used in channel estimation and an effective channel relating to said one or more CSI-RS configurations. |
| US09602180B2 |
Method for determining a codebook, information feedback method and devices thereof
A method for determining a codebook, information feedback method and devices thereof. For precoding of a differential dual codebook, the method includes: providing N1 codewords in a second codebook, so that complex codewords obtained by a product of codewords in the second codebook and a first codebook satisfy corresponding antenna configuration(s), where, N1 is greater than or equal to 16. Or for precoding of a GoB dual codebook, the method includes: codewords in a first codebook being: W 1 = ( X 0 0 Y ) = ( X 0 0 D 1 XD 2 ) ; where, D1 and D2 are respectively unitary diagonal matrixes for respectively weighting elements at each row and each column of a matrix X, X containing Nb column vectors, and Nb denotes the number of beams contained in the codewords of the first codebook. The embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to various antenna configuration. |
| US09602178B2 |
Joint precoder and receiver design for MU-MIMO downlink
Various communication systems may benefit from joint precoder and receiver designs for multi-user multiple-input and multiple-output. For example, machine-type communication in long term evolution communication systems may benefit from such designs. A method can include determining channel status information of a current connection. The method can also include indicating the channel status information to a transmitter. The method can further include receiving weight values for a first receiver filter, in response to the channel status information. The method can also include defining the first receiver filter based on the weight values. The method can further include determining effective channel status information of a current connection, and interference from other transmitters. The method can also include defining a second receiver filter based on the weight values, the effective channel status information of the current connection, and the interference. |
| US09602174B2 |
Protocol for cooperation communication between access points in overlapped basic service set (OBSS) environment
A method for cooperative beamforming communication, is described including negotiating, at a first access point, a cooperative transmit beamforming with a second access point having an overlapped basic service set (OBSS) area with the first access point, and transmitting, from the first access point, a clear-to-send (CTS) signal to the second access point. The method, upon detecting at the first access point a completion of transmission of the CTS signal, performs at the first access point the cooperative transmit beamforming with the second access point during a time duration of the cooperative transmit beamforming and after a predetermined time interval has elapsed. |
| US09602173B2 |
Antenna structure and mobile device
An antenna structure includes a ferromagnetic patch, first metal conductive lines, second metal conductive lines, and metal connection elements. The ferromagnetic patch has a first surface and a second surface, and the second surface is opposite to the first surface. The first metal conductive lines are disposed on the first surface of the ferromagnetic patch. The second metal conductive lines are disposed on the second surface of the ferromagnetic patch. The metal connection elements penetrate the ferromagnetic patch. The metal connection elements further connect the first metal conductive lines to the second metal conductive lines, respectively. |
| US09602168B2 |
Communication in wireless energy transfer systems
Improved configurations for wireless energy transfer can include system elements of a wireless energy transfer system that may pair in-band and out-of-band communication channels by exchanging related information. Energy transfer signals may be modulated according to defined waveforms. Information about the signal may be transmitted using an out-of-band communication channel. A system element that receives both the signal and information may verify that they correspond to the same system element. |
| US09602165B2 |
Apparatus and method for a display having an induction coil
An apparatus including a touch panel display component having at least one display part and an electrically conductive part electrically isolated from the display part. The electrically conductive part forms an induction loop incorporating a magnetic field induction capability. The magnetic field induction loop is used for hearing aid coupling, wireless charging, or contactless data communication. An electrostatic discharge component may be included to provide a discharge path to protect the display. |
| US09602161B2 |
Scaled power line based network
A power line communication (PLC) network includes a plurality of PLC devices. One such PLC device may include a transmitter power control system that determines a minimum level of transmission power for sufficiently communicating a plurality of data packets from the PLC device over the PLC network to a first destination PLC device on the PLC network by executing a training sequence over the PLC network via an electrical power distribution system. The transmitter power control system applies this minimum level of transmission power to transmit the data packets to the first destination PLC device. |
| US09602157B2 |
Full-duplex self-interference cancellation systems
Embodiments of full-duplex self-interference cancellation systems are described. In one embodiment, a full-duplex transceiver includes a digital signal processor that processes digital signals, a transmit chain that receives a first digital baseband signal from the digital signal processor and converts it to a first RF signal, a receive chain that receives a second RF signal and converts the second RF signal to a second digital baseband signal, and an auxiliary receive chain that receives a portion of the first RF signal and converts it to an auxiliary digital baseband signal. The transceiver may further include a self-interference canceller that applies a channel transfer function to the auxiliary digital baseband signal to generate a cancellation signal and subtracts the cancellation signal from the second digital baseband signal to cancel self-interference at the transceiver. The suppression of self-interference in the transceiver assists the transceiver to achieve higher efficiency in full-duplex communications. |
| US09602156B2 |
Apparatus and methods for diversity modules
Apparatus and methods for diversity modules are provided herein. In certain configurations, a diversity module includes a first antenna-side multi-throw switch, a second antenna-side multi-throw switch, a first transmitter-side multi-throw switch, a second transmitter-side multi-throw switch, a low band (LB) processing circuit, a mid band (MB) processing circuit, and a high band (HB) processing circuit. The LB processing circuit is electrically coupled in a first signal path between the first antenna-side multi-throw switch and the first transceiver-side multi-throw switch, the MB processing circuit is electrically coupled in a second signal path between the second transceiver-side multi-throw switch and the second transceiver-side multi-throw switch, and the HB processing circuit is electrically coupled in a third signal path between the second antenna-side multi-throw switch and the first transmitter-side multi-throw switch. |
| US09602154B2 |
Wireless communication apparatus and method for improving specific absorption ratio thereof
A wireless communication apparatus and a method for improving specific absorption ration thereof are provided. The method includes following steps. A first signal quality parameter of a first antenna and a second signal quality parameter of a second antenna are obtained. A first amplifier character parameter of a power amplifier while the power amplifier is connected to the first antenna is predicted, and a second amplifier character parameter of the power amplifier while the power amplifier is connected to the second antenna is predicted. The first antenna or the second antenna is selected to transmit a RF transmission signal according to the first amplifier character parameter, the first signal quality parameter, the second amplifier character parameter and the second signal quality parameter. |
| US09602152B2 |
Method, apparatus, and computer program product for determining play events and outputting events based on real-time data for proximity, movement of objects, and audio data
Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media are disclosed for determining events and outputting events based on real-time data for location and movement of objects and audio data. In one embodiment, a method is provided for a method of determining play events that at least includes receiving audio data, wherein the audio data is received from at least one of a memory or a sensor; determining an event probability based on comparing the audio data to an audio profile; and generating an event based on the event probability satisfying a predetermined threshold. |
| US09602151B1 |
Apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving wireless signals subject to a spectral mask
Provided is an apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. A transmitting apparatus has a signal processor and a transmitter. The signal processor is configured to generate a signal having a middle channel and at least one side channel. The transmitter is configured to wirelessly transmit the signal subject to a spectral mask that has shoulder regions. According to an embodiment of the invention, the signal processor generates the signal such that each side channel is positioned in one of the shoulder regions of the spectral mask. In this manner, bandwidth from the shoulder regions can be utilized by one or more side channels. Also provided is a receiving apparatus having a receiver configured to wirelessly receive the signal, and a signal processor configured to process the signal. |
| US09602148B2 |
Compensation for a signal damping while transmitting transmission signals of a wireless mobile device
A circuit arrangement compensates for signal damping while transmitting transmission signals of a wireless mobile device. The circuit arrangement contains an adjustable signal level amplifying device which has a signal amplifier for amplifying the transmission signals with a signal amplification generated by the signal amplifier. The circuit further has an adjusting device for adjusting a resulting signal amplification, and a detector arrangement which detects whether a signal level of the transmission signal of the mobile device has exceeded an upper threshold and whether the signal level has reached a lower threshold. The detector arrangement causes the adjusting device to reduce the resulting signal amplification generated by the signal level amplifying device if the signal level has reached the upper threshold. The detector arrangement causes the adjusting device to reduce the resulting signal amplification generated by the signal level amplifying device if the signal level has fallen below the lower threshold. |
| US09602145B2 |
Insertion loss improvement in a multi-band device
A multi-band user equipment (UE) is configured to operate in a single frequency band mode or a multiple frequency band mode. When operating in a single frequency band mode, the UE activates a bypass switch to route uplink signals of a first band around a multiplexer and reduce the insertion loss for the band. |
| US09602143B1 |
System and method for generating wireless electromagnetic transmissions modulated with software defined complex waveforms
An air interface array system and method for generating electromagnetic transmissions is provided. The system includes partition elements separately and operationally connected to horizontal and vertical circuit boards. In transmission, a radio frequency input is provided to each board. Each circuit board has a phase selector that generates a symbol with one of four phases relative to a plane of the partition elements such an output signal is produced. A time delay selector delays the output signal in order to focus the transmitted beam to be an input signal to an amplifier. The amplified signal drives radio frequency ports to produce horizontally and vertically polarized radiated signal vectors. The signal vectors are combined to form a radio frequency modulation symbol vector. Multiple symbol vectors form a transmitted modulation waveform. |
| US09602141B2 |
High-speed multi-block-row layered decoder for low density parity check (LDPC) codes
High-speed multi-block-row layered decoding for low density parity check (LDPC) codes is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, a method, in a device that includes a decoder configured to perform an iterative decoding operation, includes processing, at the decoder, first and second block rows of a layer of a parity check matrix simultaneously to generate a first output and a second output. The method includes performing processing of the first output and the second output to generate a first result of a first computation and a second result of a second computation. A length of a “critical path” of the decoder is reduced as compared to a critical path length in which a common feedback message is computed. |
| US09602138B2 |
Bit interleaver for low-density parity check codeword having length of 64800 and code rate of 2/15 and 64-symbol mapping, and bit interleaving method using same
A bit interleaver, a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) device and a bit interleaving method are disclosed herein. The bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 2/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 64-symbol mapping. |
| US09602137B2 |
Transmitting apparatus and interleaving method thereof
A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to generate a low density parity check (LDPC) codeword by LDPC encoding based on a parity check matrix; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol, wherein the modulator is further configured to map a bit included in a predetermined bit group from among a plurality of bit groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit of the modulation symbol. |
| US09602135B2 |
Bit interleaver for low-density parity check codeword having length of 64800 and code rate of 5/15 and 64-symbol mapping, and bit interleaving method using same
A bit interleaver includes a first memory, a processor, and a second memory. The first memory stores a low-density parity check (LDPC) codeword having a length of 64800 and a code rate of 5/15. The processor generates an interleaved codeword by interleaving the LDPC codeword on a bit group basis. The size of the bit group corresponds to a parallel factor of the LDPC codeword. The second memory provides the interleaved codeword to a modulator for 64-symbol mapping. |
| US09602123B2 |
Cognitive signal converter
A cognitive signal converter adapted to produce a digital output signal based on an analog input signal comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a cognitive network. The ADC is adapted to produce a digital converted signal based on the analog input signal, a sample clock signal and a process clock signal by sampling the analog input signal in accordance with the sample clock signal and quantizing each analog input signal sample based on the process clock signal. The cognitive network is adapted to receive the digital converted signal of the ADC, control at least one of the sample clock signal and the process clock signal based on the received digital converted signal and one or more characteristics of the analog signal source, and produce the digital output signal based on the received digital converted signal. Corresponding integrated circuit, electronic device and method are also disclosed. |
| US09602118B2 |
Amplifier sharing technique for power reduction in analog-to-digital converter
A dual delta-sigma modulator includes a first modulator, a second modulator, and a shared amplifier coupled to the first and second modulators. The first modulator includes an integrator configured to generate a first modulator output signal. The second modulator includes a second integrator configured to generate a second modulator output signal. The shared amplifier is configured to assist the first integrator integrating a difference between a first analog input signal and a first modulator output signal from the first modulator during a first period of time and to assist the second integrator integrate a difference between a second analog input signal and a second modulator output signal from the second modulator during a second period of time. |
| US09602109B2 |
Method and circuit configuration for determining position minus time
A circuit configuration for a data processing system for predicting a coordinate for at least one operation to be carried out is provided, the prediction being connected to at least one input signal and being a function of a predefined first time value and at least one predefined first value which represents another physical variable. Upon each change of the at least one input signal, a second time value is calculated in each case from the first value, and to subtract the first time value from the second time value to form a third time value, and/or to calculate a second value from the first time value, and to subtract the first value from the second value to form a third value, in order to determine from the third time value and/or the third value a state in which the at least one operation is to be carried out. |
| US09602106B1 |
Methods for optimizing circuit performance via configurable clock skews
An integrated circuits with sequential logic circuitry is provided. The sequential logic circuitry may including latching circuits that receive clock signals from on-chip or off-chip clock sources. The clock signals may exhibit clock skew that is native to the integrated circuit. The natively existing clock skew can be leverage to perform time borrowing to help optimize circuit performance. The desired clock skew can be achieved by intelligent placement of the clock sources and deliberate routing of the clock signals from the clock sources to respective types of clock distribution networks on the integrated circuit. |
| US09602104B2 |
Output buffer with offset cancellation structure and offset cancellation method using the same
An output buffer with an offset cancellation structure for an LCD source driver includes an operational amplifier, for driving an output signal of the output buffer according to a data signal from a data input terminal of the output buffer; a reference voltage generator, for generating a reference voltage and inputting the reference voltage to the operational amplifier; and a sampling capacitor, coupled between a second input terminal of the operational amplifier and the data input terminal of the output buffer in a first phase, and coupled between the second input terminal of the operational amplifier and an output terminal of the operational amplifier in a second phase, wherein the second input terminal of the operational amplifier is further coupled to the output terminal of the operational amplifier in the first phase. The output signal outputs the data signal where the offset voltage is cancelled in the second phase. |
| US09602103B2 |
Spin wave device and logic circuit using spin wave device
As a technique for attaining a reduction in power consumption, there is a technique for reducing power consumption using a spin wave. No specific proposal concerning spin wave generation, spin wave detection, and a latch technique for information has been made.A device applies an electric field to a first electrode of a nonmagnetic material using a thin line-shaped stacked body including a first ferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic layer to thereby generate a spin wave in the first ferromagnetic layer, and detects a phase or amplitude of the spin wave propagated in the first ferromagnetic layer using a second electrode of a ferromagnetic material with a magnetoresistance effect. |
| US09602100B1 |
Downhole measurement tool having a regulated voltage power supply and method of use thereof
The invention relates generally to downhole measurement tools having a regulated voltage power supply and methods of use thereof. The downhole measurement tools are associated with electrical submersible pumps for providing a stabilization technique for a five (5) volt power supply over a wide temperature range. A voltage regulator circuit for the downhole measurement tools has a temperature dependent resistance to adjust the feedback of the regulated voltage to compensate for the temperature coefficient effects of the other components in the regulator circuit. |
| US09602096B2 |
Power electronic device with improved efficiency and electromagnetic radiation characteristics
A power electronic device includes first and second electronic switches, each integrated on a package having a low parasitic inductance, a supply terminal and a ground terminal. The first conduction terminal of the first switch may be coupled with the supply terminal, and the second conduction terminal of the second electronic switch may be coupled with the ground terminal. The corresponding control terminals of the switches may be coupled to corresponding pilot drivers. The package may include first and second electric terminals, wherein the second conduction terminal of the first switch is coupled to the first electric terminal, and the first conduction terminal of the second switch is coupled to the second electric terminal. A first inductance may be interposed between the first electric terminal and the output terminal and/or a second inductance interposed between the second electric terminal and the output terminal. |
| US09602090B2 |
Skew adjustment apparatus
First to N-th selection signals each instantaneously having a first logic level when representing selection and a second logic level when representing deselection are generated based on selection designation data. The first to N-th selection signals are individually latched, and first to N-th delayed selection signals are generated by individually delaying the first to N-th selection signals by a greater amount of delay when the latched selection signals transition from the first logic level to the second logic level than when the latched selection signals transition from the second logic level to the first logic level. A delayed data signal is selected corresponding to a delayed selection signal having the first logic level among the first to N-th delayed selection signals. The selected delayed data signal is output. |
| US09602089B2 |
Amplifying device and offset voltage correction method
A state wherein offset voltage is reduced can be maintained regardless of environmental fluctuation. A differential amplification unit has differential pair transistors, and amplifies a difference between input voltages. An offset voltage measurement unit samples offset voltage generated due to an imbalance in the current drive capacities of the differential pair transistors in a first mode, and determines the polarity of the sampled offset voltage in a second mode. A control unit switches the operating mode between the first mode and second mode, and outputs a control signal for correcting the offset voltage in accordance with the polarity determination result when in the second mode. An offset voltage correction unit corrects the offset voltage based on the control signal. |
| US09602088B1 |
Ultra-low power comparator with sampling control loop adjusting frequency and/or sample aperture window
Methods and apparatus for minimizing average quiescent current for a desire voltage error in a comparator are disclosed. An example method includes receiving a first voltage and a reference voltage, outputting a second voltage when the first voltage is lower than the reference voltage, wherein the outputting of the second voltage increases the first voltage, counting a number of clock cycles while the first voltage is higher than the reference voltage, comparing the number of clock cycles to a maximum number of clock cycles and a minimum number of clock cycles, when the number of clock cycles is above the maximum number of clock cycles, decreasing a frequency of a clock associated with the number of clock cycles, and when the number of clock cycles is below the minimum number of clock cycles increase the frequency of the clock. |
| US09602086B2 |
Double half latch for clock gating
A double half latch circuit includes a first stage coupled to receive a local input enable signal on an input of a second logic gate, and a complement of the clock signal on an input of a third logic gate, and further includes a fourth logic gate coupled to generate an intermediate enable signal based on states of the local input enable signal the complement of the clock signal. A second stage includes a fifth logic gate coupled to receive the complement of the clock signal, and a sixth logic gate coupled to receive the intermediate enable signal, and is configured to generate the output enable signal. The double half-latch circuit is transparent to the state changes of the local input enable signal when the clock signal is low and opaque to state changes of the local input enable signal when the clock signal is high. |
| US09602085B2 |
Data storage element and signal processing method
A data storage element comprises a master stage (MS) with a first and a second latch (LI, L2), an error stage (ES) and a slave stage (SLS). The first latch (LI) generates in a clocked fashion based on a clock signal (CLK, CLKT, CLKB) a first logical signal (DOUT1) based on an input signal (DATA) in relation to a first threshold level (TP1). The second latch generates (L2) in a clocked fashion based on the clock signal (CLK, CLKT, CLKB) a second logical signal (DOUT2) based on the input signal (DATA) in relation to a second threshold level (TP2). The second threshold level (TP2) is distinct from the first threshold level (TP1). The error stage provides an error signal (ER) with a first logical state if the first and the second logical signal (DOUT1 , DOUT2) have the same logical state, and with a second logical state they have different logical states. The slave stage (SLS) sets an output value (Q) of the data storage element to a common logical state of the first and the second logical signal (DOUT1 , DOUT2) when the error signal (ER) has the first logical state, and keeps the output value (Q) unchanged otherwise. |
| US09602084B2 |
Frequency detector and oscillator circuit
Frequency detector and oscillator circuits are disclosed. Example frequency detector and oscillator circuits disclosed herein include a current approximation circuit coupled to an external clock operating at a target frequency. In some examples, the current approximation circuit is configured to determine a magnitude of a first current to charge a capacitor to reach a reference voltage during a first set of clock cycles generated by the external clock. In some examples, the current approximation circuit is further configured to generate an output current based on the magnitude of the first current and to use the output current to produce a comparator output. In some examples, the frequency detector and oscillator circuits further include a latching circuit coupled to receive the comparator output from the current approximation circuit. In some such examples, the latching circuit is configured to generate oscillating signals at the target frequency based on the comparator output. |
| US09602082B2 |
Offset insensitive quadrature clock error correction and duty cycle calibration for high-speed clocking
Techniques for correcting clock distortion. The techniques include use of circuitry for detecting and correcting duty cycle distortion and quadrature clock phase distortion. For phase detection, detection circuitry is made simpler and more accurate through the use of a sampling operation in which device mismatch within detection circuitry is accounted for by sampling charge associated with an ideal clock signal across sampling capacitors. When phase detection is performed with the detection circuitry, the stored charge compensates for the device mismatch, improving the accuracy of the detection circuit. The sampling operation is used for duty cycle distortion detection as well. Specifically, a common mode voltage is applied to sampling capacitors, which effectively zeroes the voltage differential between the sampling capacitors, compensating for offset that might exist due to operation of other components of the detection circuit. A digital value is used by a feedback algorithm to correct the clock distortion. |
| US09602080B2 |
Phase interpolators and push-pull buffers
Interpolator systems are described utilizing one or more push-pull buffers to generate output clock signals that may be provided as inputs to a phase interpolator. The more linear slope on the output of the push-pull buffer may improve the linearity of a phase interpolator using the dock signals output from the push-pull buffers. |
| US09602079B2 |
Tunable adaptive filter with variable gain trans-conductance stage
In an exemplary embodiment, the communication device including an analog filter, where a digital signal processor sets the gain of the analog filter and the pole location of the filter simultaneously in order to maintain the filter pole location at a desired value or within a desired range. In further exemplary embodiments, the methodology to simultaneously set the gain and the pole location of the filters. |
| US09602078B2 |
High-frequency module having a matching element coupled to a connection unit
A high-frequency module includes a filter unit and first and second external connection terminals. The filter unit includes first and second terminals and a plurality of SAW resonators. The plurality of SAW resonators are connected to one another by connection conductors. A matching element is connected between the first terminal and the first external connection terminal, and a matching element is connected between the second terminal and the second external connection terminal. At least one of the matching elements is inductively coupled or capacitively coupled to at least one of the connection conductors located at a position such that at least one of the SAW resonators is interposed between the matching element and the connection conductor. |
| US09602074B2 |
Mechanical resonating structures including a temperature compensation structure
Mechanical resonating structures are described, as well as related devices and methods. The mechanical resonating structures may have a compensating structure for compensating temperature variations. |
| US09602070B2 |
Power amplifying device
The power amplifying device includes a first potential line to which a first potential is supplied, a second potential line to which a second potential that is lower than the first potential is supplied and a third potential line to which a third potential that is between the first potential and the second potential is supplied. The power amplifying device includes a first BTL amplifier unit. The power amplifying device includes a second BTL amplifier unit. The power amplifying device includes a third BTL amplifier unit. The power amplifying device includes a fourth BTL amplifier unit that has a seventh output amplifier and an eighth output amplifier. |
| US09602068B2 |
High-frequency power amplifier
A configuration is provided with: a tuned line 13 that is connected between a branch terminal 3 and a branch terminal of branch lines 2 and 4; and a tuned line 14 that is connected between a combining terminal 7 and a combining terminal 9 of combining lines 10 and 11. This enables reduction of a non-uniform voltage distribution occurring due to a difference in characteristics between two amplifier elements 6 and 8. |
| US09602067B2 |
Switching amplifier with pulsed current supply
A switching amplifying method or a switching amplifier for obtaining one or more than one linearly amplified replicas of an input signal, is highly efficient, and does not have the disadvantage of “dead time” problem related to the class D amplifiers. Said switching amplifying method comprises the steps of: receiving the input signal; pulse modulating the input signal for generating a pulse modulated signal; switching a pulsed current from a direct current (DC) voltage according to the pulse modulated signal; conducting said pulsed current positively or negatively to a filter according to the polarity of the input signal; filtering said pulsed current positively or negatively conducted to the filter for outputting an output signal by the filter. |
| US09602066B2 |
Polarity-switching amplifier circuit
A polarity-switching amplifier circuit includes: a first amplifying transistor and a second amplifying transistor, a transformer which includes a primary winding and a secondary winding, and a polarity-switching controller. An unbalanced input signal is input to the first amplifying transistor and the second amplifying transistor. The transformer receives an output signal of the first amplifying transistor and an output signal of the second amplifying transistor as a balanced signal input to the primary winding, and outputs a signal from the secondary winding. The polarity-switching controller turns on one of the first amplifying transistor and the second amplifying transistor and turns off the other thereof. |
| US09602064B2 |
Switchable feedback circuit for radio-frequency power amplifiers
Switchable feedback circuit for radio-frequency (RF) power amplifiers. In some embodiments, an RF power amplifier (PA) circuit can include a transistor having a base, a collector, and an emitter. The transistor can be configured to amplify an RF signal. The RF PA circuit can further include a switchable feedback circuit implemented between the collector and the base. The switchable feedback circuit can be configured to provide a plurality of resistance values between the collector and the base. Such a PA circuit can be implemented in products such as a die, a module, and a wireless device. |
| US09602062B2 |
Audio switching amplifier
A switching amplifier includes a compensation circuit to compensate for DC offset in the amplifier, to enhance operation of the switching amplifier. The compensation circuit may comprise a SAR ADC, where the DAC element can be used to provide a compensation voltage. The switching amplifier may further include a PWM modulator configured to avoid cross-talk to further enhance operation of the switching amplifier. |
| US09602060B2 |
Power amplifier architectures with input power protection circuits
An RF power amplifier circuit and input power limiter circuits are disclosed. A power detector generates a voltage output proportional to a power level of an input signal. There is a directional coupler with a first port connected to a transmit signal input, a second port connected to the input matching network, and a third port connected to the power detector. A first power amplifier stage with an input is connected to the input matching network and an output is connected to the transmit signal output. A control circuit connected to the power detector generates a gain reduction signal based upon a comparison of the voltage output from the power detector to predefined voltage levels corresponding to specific power levels of the input signal. Overall gain of the RF power amplifier circuit is reduced based upon the gain reduction signal that adjusts the configurations of the circuit components. |
| US09602058B1 |
Method and apparatus for envelope tracking calibration
Aspects of the disclosure provide a circuit that includes an envelope processing circuitry and a voltage modulator. The envelope processing circuitry is configured to receive a stream of envelope values of a signal for transmission and output a supply modulation signal in response to the stream of envelope values based on an average-power-tracking (APT) calibration. The voltage modulator is configured to modulate a supply voltage to an amplifier according to the supply modulation signal. The amplifier operates under the supply voltage to amplify the signal for transmission. |
| US09602057B1 |
Apparatus for and method of a supply modulator for a power amplifier
An apparatus for and method of a supply modulator (SM) for a power amplifier (PA) is provided. The apparatus includes a buck-boost converter, including a supply input connected to a battery voltage (Vbat), and an output; a switch and capacitors module, including a first input connected to the output of the buck-boost converter, and a second input; a buck (dual) converter, including a supply input connected to Vbat, an input connected to the output of the buck-boost converter, and an output connected to the second input of the switch and capacitors module; a linear amplifier (LA), including a supply input connected to the output of the buck-boost converter, an input, and an output connected to the second input of the switch and capacitors module; and the PA, including a supply input connected to the output of the buck (dual converter, an input for receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal, and an output for outputting an RF signal. |
| US09602051B1 |
Transforming voltage in a voltage controlled oscillator for wireless sensor devices
In some aspects, a wireless sensor device includes a voltage controlled oscillator. The voltage controlled oscillator includes a first inverter, a second inverter, and a transformer connected between the first and second inverters. The first inverter includes a first inverter input node and a first inverter output node. The second inverter includes a second inverter input node and a second inverter output node. The transformer includes a primary winding portion, a first secondary winding portion, and a second secondary winding portion. The primary winding portion is connected between the first inverter output node and the second inverter output node and is inductively coupled to the first and second secondary winding portions. The first secondary winding portion is connected between the primary winding portion and the first inverter input node. The second secondary winding portion is connected between the primary winding portion and the second inverter input node. |
| US09602038B2 |
Method and device for controlling an inverter
The invention relates to a method (40) for controlling an inverter (10) using space-vector pulse width modulation, in particular to control an electric machine (14), said inverter (10) being equipped with a plurality of controllable switches (S) and a corresponding plurality of freewheeling diodes (D) and being designed to provide a polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW) and a polyphase voltage in the form of current space vectors (I*, U*), in particular to supply polyphase electric current (IU, IV, IW) to the electric machine (14). In said method, the inverter (10) is controlled to establish a plurality of different successive switching states (V0-V7) for the switches (S), and the inverter (10) is switched to an off-load switching state (V0, V7) by means of two switching states (V0, V7), a switch-on time (t0-t7) of the switching states (V0-V7) being varied according to a desired load value (m) for the switches (S) and/or for the freewheeling diodes (D), the desired load value (m) being set according to a temperature (Ts, TD) of at least one of the switches (S) and/or one of the freewheeling diodes (D). |
| US09602034B2 |
Motor drive apparatus for driving stepping motor and control method therefor
A CPU obtains a difference between a data number at timing when an ENC0 signal or an ENC1 signal changes in a case where there is no follow-up delay of a rotor relative to a voltage signal applied to an A-phase coil and a B-phase coil and a data number at timing when the ENC0 signal or the ENC1 signal changes in a case where there is a follow-up delay of the rotor relative to the voltage signal applied to the A-phase coil and the B-phase coil. Then, the CPU controls the voltage signal applied to the A-phase coil and the B-phase coil based on the obtained difference. |
| US09602033B2 |
Motor control apparatus, motor-driven apparatus, method of controlling motor and non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing a computer program
The motor control apparatus controlling rotation of a brushless motor includes a controller to control an angular velocity of the motor, and a load torque calculator to calculate a load torque at which the motor drives a driven member, by using a detection signal output from a rotation detector to output the detection signal in response to the rotation of the motor. When the motor drives the driven member toward a target stop position, the controller calculates a deceleration rotation amount, which is a remaining rotation amount of the motor at start of deceleration of the motor from its drive state that is one of an acceleration state and a constant velocity state, and controls the angular velocity of the motor on a basis of the deceleration rotation amount. The controller calculates the deceleration rotation amount by using the load torque calculated in the drive state. |
| US09602031B2 |
Electronic circuit and method for triggering a semiconductor switch
An electronic circuit comprises at least one semiconductor switch mounted with its switching path in series with an inductive load to be triggered, and at least one freewheeling element that interacts with the semiconductor switch during switching phases and is also mounted in series with the load. A control unit controls a control connection of the semiconductor switch with a variable control current as a function of the time profile of a voltage measured at the freewheeling element and/or as a function of the time profile of the voltage measured at the switching path. A method for triggering a semiconductor switch of such a circuit, triggered by a variable control current for switching, the control current predefined as a function of the time profile of a voltage measured at the freewheeling element and/or as a function of the time profile of the voltage measured at the switching path. |
| US09602028B2 |
Safety function control for an electric machine and method of operating the electric machine
An apparatus and a method actuate a frequency converter of an electric machine having a safety function, in particular a safe-torque-off (STO) function. Wherein, by a preferably clocked converter circuit, an electrically isolated output voltage is generated from an input voltage, from which output voltage a control signal is generated for the frequency converter for the operation thereof in accordance with standards and for triggering the safety function. An actuation signal is generated for a semiconductor switch which is periodically connected to the input voltage, and the output voltage is limited when the output voltage exceeds a switching threshold. |
| US09602024B2 |
DC/AC converter, power generation plant and operating method for a DC/AC converter
A DC/AC converter for converting DC power of a number of inductively connected generators into power grid conformal AC power for feeding into a connected power grid with a number of phases, includes an intermediate circuit with a positive and a negative intermediate circuit connection, and for each phase, a bridge. Each bridge includes a first switch between the positive intermediate circuit connection and a phase terminal, a second switch connected between a positive generator terminal of the generator and the phase terminal, a third switch connected between a negative generator terminal of the generator and the phase terminal, and a fourth switch between the negative intermediate circuit connection and the phase terminal. |
| US09602021B2 |
Hybrid high voltage direct current converter system and method of operating the same
A hybrid HVDC converter system includes a DC bus, at least one capacitor commutated converter (CCC) and at least one self-commutated converter (SCC) coupled in series through the DC bus. The CCC induces a first voltage on the DC buses, the SCC induces a second voltage on the DC bus, the first voltage and the second voltage are summed to define a total DC voltage. The method includes at least one of regulating the total DC voltage induced on the DC buses including regulating the first DC voltage through the CCC and regulating the second DC voltage through the SCC substantially simultaneously, regulating the total DC voltage induced on the DC bus including regulating the second DC voltage through the SCC, and regulating the total DC voltage induced on the DC bus including regulating the first DC voltage through the CCC. |
| US09602018B2 |
Power converter with reduced power consumption in standby mode
In accordance with various embodiments a converter is provided, including: a transformer comprising a primary side and a secondary side; a primary side circuit arrangement coupled to the primary side of the transformer; a secondary side circuit arrangement coupled to the secondary side of the transformer, wherein the secondary side circuit arrangement is configured to provide at least one of an output voltage and an output current; a coupling component configured to provide information about at least one of the output voltage and the output current to the primary side circuit arrangement; a first energy supply configured to provide the coupling component with a first current; and second energy supply configured to provide the coupling component with a second current, wherein the second current is lower than the first current. |
| US09602014B2 |
Voltage converter circuit and voltage converter controller and parameter setting method therefor
A voltage converter circuit includes a voltage converter controller which generates a PWM signal to operate a power switch for voltage conversion. The voltage converter controller includes a sensing pin for sensing a current and the voltage converter controller receives a power supply. A parameter setting method for the voltage converter circuit includes: during a start-up stage, when the power supply increases above a predetermined reference level, the voltage converter controller outputting a current through the sensing pin; and setting at least one parameter of the voltage converter controller according to a voltage at the sensing pin. |
| US09602010B2 |
Insulated DC power supply and a method of controlling same
An insulated DC power supply includes a voltage transformer, a switching device and a primary-side regulating circuit. The voltage transformer includes primary and secondary windings and an auxiliary winding. The switching device causes current to flow intermittently through the primary winding. The primary-side regulating circuit receives a voltage proportional to a current flowing through the primary winding of the transformer, and a voltage proportional to a voltage induced in the auxiliary winding of the transformer to generate and output a drive pulse for turning on or off the switching device. The primary-side regulating circuit includes an ON/OFF signal generator circuit and first and second timer circuits. The switching device is turned off upon expiration of the first timer circuit, and the ON/OFF signal generator circuit does not generate a signal for turn-on of the switching device when the second timer circuit expires. |
| US09602008B1 |
Power conversion apparatus and method for controlling power conversion apparatus
A power conversion apparatus supplies power from a DC power supply to a capacitive load by a current input push-pull DCDC converter provided with switching elements Q1 and Q2. When a capacitive load voltage is not larger than a second predetermined value, a first mode is used which turns ON one of the switching elements Q1 and Q2 alternated with turning OFF both. When the capacitive load voltage is larger than the second predetermined value but not larger than a first predetermined value, a second mode is used which turns ON both of the switching elements Q1 and Q2, then turns ON one of them, then turns OFF both, sequentially. When the capacitive load voltage is larger than the first predetermined value, a third mode is used, turning ON both of the switching elements Q1 and Q2 alternated with turning ON one of them. |
| US09602007B2 |
Power conversion apparatus
A power conversion apparatus includes a first DC/DC converter which includes a first transformer, a first primary circuit provided at a primary side of the first transformer, and a first secondary circuit provided at a secondary side of the first transformer. The first secondary circuit includes sets of a switching element and a free-wheel diode, which is connected between an input terminal and an output terminal of the switching element, to perform synchronous rectification operation and diode rectification operation. The apparatus includes a second DC/DC converter which includes a second transformer, a second primary circuit provided at a primary side of the second transformer, and a second secondary circuit provided at a secondary side of the second transformer. The second secondary circuit includes a plurality of rectifier diodes, which are arranged in parallel with each other, to perform the diode rectification operation constantly. |
| US09602006B2 |
Method and a controller for determining a demagnetization zero current time for a switched mode power supply
In various embodiments a method is provided for determining a demagnetization zero current time for a switched mode power supply having a transformer, a first side and a second side being galvanically separated from each other and a switched mode power supply controller, the method including: determining a first voltage being applied to one side of the transformer; determining a second voltage provided at the other side of the transformer; determining a time the first voltage is provided to a winding of the transformer; and determining, by a circuit located on the same side of the transformer as the switched mode power supply controller, the demagnetization zero current time using the determined first voltage, the determined second voltage and the determined time. |
| US09602005B2 |
Sensing a phase-path current in a coupled-inductor power supply
An embodiment of a power supply includes an output node, inductively coupled phase paths, and a sensor circuit. The output node is configured to provide a regulated output signal, and the inductively coupled phase paths are each configured to provide a respective phase current to the output node. And the sensor circuit is configured to generate a sense signal that represents the phase current flowing through one of the phase paths. For example, because the phase paths are inductively coupled to one another, the sensor circuit takes into account the portions of the phase currents induced by the inductive couplings to generate a sense signal that more accurately represents the phase current through a single phase path as compared to conventional sensor circuits. |
| US09601997B2 |
V^2 power converter control with capacitor current ramp compensation
Operation of a switching power converter having an output capacitor having a small equivalent series resistance (ESR) is stabilized and jitter reduced by sensing capacitor current with gain and combining the resulting signal with the output voltage signal to provide a feedback signal to control switching of the power converter. capacitor current can be sensed without interfering with operation of the filter capacitor by providing a branch circuit having a time constant matched to the output or filter capacitor but an arbitrarily high impedance so as to be effectively lossless. The gain provided in the capacitor current signal can be tuned to provide optimally short settling time after load transients; generally within one switching cycle. Matching of time constants and/or tuning of gain can be performed automatically. |
| US09601996B2 |
Switching power supply apparatus
In a switching power supply apparatus, a switching element is turned on/off to intermittently conduct current input via an inductor. Current input during a period in which the switching element is turned off is supplied to an electrolytic capacitor via a conduction path. A rectifier diode is provided in the conduction path to face toward the electrolytic capacitor. An inductor is provided in the conduction path to be connected in series with the rectifier diode. A high speed diode has a reverse recovery time shorter than the reverse recovery time of the rectifier diode, and is connected in parallel with the inductor to face toward the electrolytic capacitor. |
| US09601994B2 |
Internal voltage generation circuit
Disclosed herein is an internal voltage generation circuit for generating a pumping voltage. The internal voltage generation circuit may include a pumping unit suitable for generating a pumping voltage by pumping an input voltage and a control unit suitable for stepwise controlling a voltage level of the input voltage based on the breakdown voltage information of the pumping unit. |
| US09601988B2 |
Power conversion apparatus and method for analyzing for abnormality in power conversion apparatus having cutoff devices
A power conversion apparatus includes a power converter to directly convert AC power having a frequency into AC power having a different frequency. A gate driver drives the power converter. A gate drive signal generator generates a gate drive signal supplied to the gate driver. Two cutoff devices are coupled between the gate driver and the gate drive signal generator, and supply or cut off the gate drive signal to the gate driver based on a command from an external apparatus. At least one of the two cutoff devices generates a feedback signal. An analyzer determines whether the one cutoff device has an abnormality based on the command and the feedback signal. A cutoff controller controls another one of the two cutoff devices to cut off the gate drive signal to the gate driver when the analyzer determines that the one cutoff device has the abnormality. |
| US09601987B2 |
Power supply apparatus
In a power supply apparatus, power is transmitted from its input terminal to its output terminal. The transmitted power is controlled so that an output voltage detected in a predetermined ratio can be equal to a reference voltage. A reduction signal is outputted when the output voltage decreases below a threshold. A presence or absence of an abnormality in a capacitance connected to the output terminal or a load current in a load connected to the output terminal is determined, when the output voltage is equal to the target voltage, by changing at least one of the detection ratio and the reference voltage so that the output voltage can transition from a target voltage higher than the threshold toward a middle voltage lower than the threshold only during a predetermined time period. |
| US09601986B2 |
Method and arrangement for the surge protection of inverters for photovoltaic systems
The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for the surge protection of inverters for photovoltaic systems, comprising at least one surge protection device which is physically integrated in the inverter or can be found in the vicinity of the inverter. The at least one surge protection device is connected to the DC side of the inverter. According to the invention, the inverter supplies a signal for setting or tracking the operating point at an operating level in the maximum power point (MPP) range, the response voltage of the surge protection device being predetermined, set, or selected on the basis of said signal. |
| US09601985B2 |
Segmented driver for a transistor device
A segmented driver including at least one drive pin and a sense pin, a driver circuit, a comparator, and a controller. The driver circuit activates a selected drive level between the drive pins and a reference node. The comparator compares a voltage of the sense pin with a threshold voltage and provides a threshold indication when the voltage of the sense pin reaches the threshold voltage. The controller commands the driver circuit to activate a first drive level in response to an off indication, and commands the driver circuit to switch to a second, lower drive level in response to the threshold indication. The driver circuit may be implemented using low resistive current devices. Multiple drive pins may be included, each for selectively activating a corresponding drive path to adjust drive level. The threshold voltage may be set using a current source and resistor, and may be adjusted for temperature. |
| US09601984B2 |
Power converter
A power converter includes a backup power source Eb provided separately from a power source Es and designed to supply power during a discharge period, and a discharging driver Mb that turns on/off an upper-arm (one) switching element in series-connected switching elements Qu and Qd based on a drive signal that has at least one of a voltage and a frequency, and drives a lower-arm (the other) switching element Qd such that it is always on, the at least one of the voltage and the frequency of the drive signal being within a predetermined range lower than a drive signal outputted from a normal driver Mu, Md. |
| US09601979B2 |
Alloy material for R-T-B system rare earth permanent magnet, method for producing R-T-B system rare earth permanent magnet, and motor
An alloy material for an R-T-B system rare earth permanent magnet having a high orientation rate and high coercivity (Hcj), and a method for producing an R-T-B system rare earth permanent magnet using the alloy material. The alloy material includes a plurality of R-T-B system alloys having different compositions and a metal powder. The respective R-T-B system alloys are formed of R which is composed of two or more kinds selected from rare earth elements, T which is composed of a transition metal essentially containing Fe, B, and unavoidable impurities. A first alloy having the greatest Dy content contains 17 mass % or greater of Dy, and a Dy concentration difference between the first alloy and a second alloy having the smallest Dy concentration difference with respect to the first alloy among the plurality of R-T-B system alloys is 5 mass % or greater. |
| US09601974B2 |
Armature assembly apparatus
An armature assembly apparatus for assembling an armature of an electrical machine is provided. The armature assembly apparatus has an armature holding apparatus to hold a partially assembled armature such that a rotation axis of the armature is horizontal. The armature assembly apparatus has a rotating device for rotating the partially assembled armature about a rotation axis. The armature assembly apparatus also has a ring segment conveyance for conveying an armature ring segment to a mounting position relative to a free ring segment portion of the partially assembled armature. |
| US09601971B2 |
Cooling device for cooling a winding braid of an electrical machine and method for retrofitting the electrical machine with the cooling device
A cooling device for cooling an air-permeable winding braid of an electrical machine is provided. The cooling device includes a baffle and a fan, which is arranged for blowing a stream of cooling air substantially perpendicularly onto a first surface portion of one side of the wind braid, wherein, in the region of a second surface portion of the side of the winding braid, arranged alongside the first surface portion, the baffle is arranged substantially parallel to and that a distance from the surface of the second surface portion such that a partial stream of the stream of cooling air is formed in the channel that is formed by the baffle and the second surface portion, and so, on the side of the winding braid that is opposite from the first-mentioned side, the other partial stream of the stream of cooling air, penetrating the winding braid, flows away from the winding braid without any return flow. |
| US09601967B2 |
Electric motor brush apparatus and method
A motor assembly includes: a motor housing including: at least one brush receptacle having top and bottom ends; a locking element extending from the top end toward the bottom end; and a housing spring member; at least one brush holder apparatus including: a brush holder housing sized to be received within the brush receptacle, including: an upper surface and a lower surface; a receiving aperture; and an open end; a brush spring enclosed by the brush holder housing; and a brush located inside the brush holder housing; wherein the brush holder apparatus is inserted inside the brush receptacle; and wherein the housing spring member urges the brush holder apparatus toward the top end such that the locking element is received inside the receiving aperture. |
| US09601966B2 |
Inner-rotor motor including preload member
A motor includes a shaft supported by upper and lower bearings and rotatable about an axis; a rotor magnet fixed to the shaft; a stator arranged radially outside and opposite to the rotor magnet with a gap therebetween; an upper bracket holding the upper bearing; and a lower bracket holding the lower bearing. The upper bracket includes an upper cylindrical cover press fitted to a stator core from above, an upper bearing holding portion, and a top plate portion arranged to join the upper cylindrical cover and the upper bearing holding portion. The lower bracket includes a lower cylindrical cover press fitted to the stator core from below, a lower bearing holding portion, and a bottom plate portion arranged to join the lower cylindrical cover and the lower bearing holding portion. Each of the upper and lower brackets is fixed to the stator core through press fitting. |
| US09601961B2 |
Armature of rotating electric machine with improved wedges
The present disclosure provides an armature of a rotating electric machine. The armature of the rotating electric machine includes a wedge that is configured to close an opening of a slot around which coils are wound and support the coils disposed to a left side and a right side of the slot to prevent the coils from seceding from a core. The wedge includes a main plate that has a substantially V-shaped section. In addition, a support plate of the wedge is coupled with the main plate within the main plate and is configured to support the main plate in directions in which the main plate spreads to maintain a shape of the main plate. |
| US09601959B2 |
Armature of rotating electrical machine
A coil end of a coil is insulated from a stator core by a molded member made of an insulating resin, and the coil, which is positioned in a slot, is insulated by insulating paper. In an armature of a rotating electrical machine, the molded member is divided into a first member and a second member that are rotatably coupled to each other by a hinge. |
| US09601949B2 |
Electric machine
The invention relates to a synchronous machine with hybridenergisation, in particular a generator for supplying the electrical system of a motor vehicle, comprising a laminated stator (16) with a multiphase stator winding (18) and a laminated rotor (20) with an energizer winding (29), which together with permanent magnets (24,25) around the rotor periphery, provides the energisation for the machine. According to the invention, favorable electrical and magnetic properties and an improvement in manufacturing conditions of the machine can be achieved, wherein the grooves (40) for the energiser windings (29) are disproportionately enlarged in relation to the groove base (44) and are preferably bell-shaped. |
| US09601944B2 |
Power supply control
According to a first aspect, an uninterruptable power supply is provided. In one example, the uninterruptable power supply comprises a controller configured to provide a first current reference signal, the first current reference signal having a periodic waveform including a first half period and a second half period, each half period having a period end, the waveform comprising a substantially rectified sine wave modified such that a value of the rectified sine wave is equal to zero for a predetermined period of time prior to the period end of the second half period, a positive current loop control circuit configured to receive the first current reference signal and provide an output signal to the positive boost circuit, and a negative current loop control circuit configured to provide an output signal to a negative boost circuit. |
| US09601943B2 |
Efficiency and flexibility in inductive charging
Provided is a combination of a receiver unit and a mobile device and/or battery, the device and/or battery capable of being inductively powered and/or charged by the receiver unit, the unit being a component of or electrically connected to the mobile device or battery. The receiver unit comprises a receiver coil and a communication and control system. The receiver coil generally has a planar surface, and the receiver unit is capable of receiving energy from a base unit via an inductive magnetic field and using the energy to power and/or charge the mobile device or batter. The communication and control system in the receiver unit regulates an appropriate power, voltage and/or current value of an output of the receiver unit to charge or power the mobile device or battery. |
| US09601940B2 |
Battery pack with locally controlled disconnect safeguards
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to an improved battery packaging design. The battery pack design may include a battery cell, a plurality of transistors, and a controller. The transistors may be coupled to the terminals of the battery cell in an H-bridge configuration. The controller may control the transistors to bypass the battery cell based on the current flowing between the output terminals of the battery pack. In such a manner, the controller may prevent damage to the battery cell and improve the overall safety of the battery pack in hazardous conditions. |
| US09601938B2 |
Battery charger for different power sources
A charger may determine a type of power source to couple to the charger, and to adjust power from the power source based on the determined type of the power source. |
| US09601936B2 |
Battery charger reverse-boosting detection
Exemplary embodiments are related to detecting a reverse-boosting operation of a battery charger. A device may include a plurality of switches for receiving an input voltage at an input port and conveying an output voltage. The device may also include a first sensing device coupled to the input port configured to detect if an input current is less than a threshold current. Further, the device may include a second sensing device selectively coupled to the input port to detect if the input voltage is less than a threshold voltage. |
| US09601929B2 |
Self-aligning data connectivity for charger
A charger includes a planar charging surface, a magnet, a charging circuit and a data circuit. The charging surface has at least two data contact tracks for electrical connection to data contacts of a chargeable device when disposed on the planar charging surface. The data circuit includes the data tracks, a data port, and electrical connection between the data contact tracks and the data port. The charging circuit has a charging feature configured to apply a driving current to the chargeable device through the charging surface. The magnet is configured to align the chargeable device such that the data contacts of the chargeable device align with the data contact tracks. When aligned via the magnet, the data contacts of the chargeable device contact the data contact tracks of the charging surface, thereby permitting data transfer between the chargeable device and an external device connected to the data port. |
| US09601926B2 |
Multi terminal HVDC control
An exemplary Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current (MTDC) system includes at least three terminals, where each terminal including a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) controlled by a VSC controller. A method for controlling the MTDC system includes providing a converter schedule including at least one of a desired power flow value and a DC voltage; determining, by a MTDC master controller, a present state of the MTDC system including a dynamic topology of the MTDC system; determining, by the MTDC master controller, based on the present state of the MTDC system, based on the schedule and based on MTDC system constraints, VSC controller parameters including droop settings for local control by the VSC controllers; and transmitting the VSC controller parameters to the VSC controllers. |
| US09601924B2 |
Electrical power control device, electrical power control method, and recording medium
An electrical power control device is installed in each location in which an electric power generation facility and an electrical power storage facility are provided. The electrical power control device includes the processor that executes a process. The process includes storing therein, in an associated manner for each location, an evaluation value related to the electrical power transmission load of another location and the electrical power balance in the other location. The process includes selecting, based on the evaluation value and the electrical power balance stored in a storage when the electrical power balance in a subject location is less than a predetermined threshold, another location as the request destination of electrical power transmission. The process includes sending, to the other location selected at the selecting, a request indicating that electrical power needs to be transmitted from the other location to the subject location. |
| US09601922B2 |
Power supply equipment utilizing interchangeable tips to provide power and a data signal to electronic devices
Power supply equipment includes an adapter which converts power from a power source to DC power for powering an electronic device. The power supply equipment includes circuitry which produces a data signal for use by the electronic device to control power drawn by the electronic device. A cable, extends from the adapter. The power supply equipment further includes a tip which has an input side and an output side. The input side of the tip is detachable mateable to the cable. The output side of the tip is detachably mateable to the electronic device. The tip output side has a shape and size dependent on the shape and size of a power input opening of the electronic device. The tip provides the data signal, as well as the DC power, to the electronic device. Different tips may be used to provide appropriate data signals to different electronic devices. |
| US09601921B2 |
Tie-off circuit with output node isolation for protection from electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage
Embodiments relate to electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection. One embodiment includes a tie-off circuit including a multiple field effect transistors (FETs), a first internal node, a second internal node, a first output node and a second output node. A node isolation circuit is connected to the first output node and the second output node of the tie-off circuit. The node isolation circuit includes a first FET with a third output node and a second FET with a fourth output node. The third output node and the fourth output node are electrically isolated from the first internal node and the second internal node. |
| US09601916B2 |
Back power protection circuit
Described is an apparatus which comprises: one or more signal lines; a transceiver coupled to the one or more signal lines; and a bias generation circuit to provide one or more bias voltages for the transceiver to tri-state the transceiver according to signal attributes of the one or more signal lines. |
| US09601909B2 |
Protective enclosure for a wire harness
A convoluted tube for enclosing a wire harness can include a tubular body portion extending in a longitudinal direction. The tubular body portion can define a slit that extends in the longitudinal direction and that separates first and second contact surfaces of the tubular body portion. The convoluted tube can also include a conductive ink coupled to at least one of the first and second contact surfaces. The conductive ink can be configured to generate heat when an appropriate magnetic field is applied. The first contact surface can be configured to fuse with the second contact surface upon application of the appropriate magnetic field to the conductive ink such that the wire harness enclosed within the interior of the tubular body portion does not extend through the slit. |
| US09601905B2 |
Optical semiconductor device, semiconductor laser module, and optical fiber amplifier
An optical semiconductor device outputting a predetermined wavelength of laser light includes: a quantum well active layer positioned between a p-type cladding layer and an n-type cladding layer in thickness direction; a separate confinement heterostructure layer positioned between the quantum well active layer and the n-type cladding layer; and an electric-field-distribution-control layer positioned between the separate confinement heterostructure layer and the n-type cladding layer and configured by at least two semiconductor layers having band gap energy greater than band gap energy of a barrier layer constituting the quantum well active layer. |
| US09601904B1 |
Laser diode driver with variable input voltage and variable diode string voltage
A high-power laser system includes a plurality of cascaded diode drivers, a pump source, and a laser element. The diode drivers are configured to generate a continuous driver signal. The pump source is configured to generate radiated energy in response to the continuous driver signal. The laser element is disposed downstream from the pump source and is configured to generate a laser beam in response to stimulation via the radiated energy. The high-power laser system further includes an electronic controller configured to output at least one driver signal that operates the plurality of diode drivers at a fixed frequency. The at least one driver signal operates a first cascade diode driver among the plurality of diode drivers 90 degrees out of phase with respect to a second cascade diode driver among the plurality of diode drivers. |
| US09601898B2 |
Optical module
The disclosure provides an optical module. In the optical module, emitters of a first PNP type triode and a second PNP type triode connected with a power source are high-level always, when a bias pin of a laser transmitter driver chip is high-level, bases of the two PNP type triodes are both high-level and in an OFF state, no current flows to the bias pin and a laser transmitter, and the laser transmitter does not emit light; when the bias pin of the laser transmitter driver chip is low-level, the bases of the two PNP type triodes are both low-level and in an ON state, the current flows to the bias pin and flows from a positive terminal of the laser transmitter, and the laser transmitter emits light. |
| US09601897B2 |
Optical rotating device for injecting a laser beam and method for positioning a laser beam
An optical rotating device for injecting a laser beam may include deflection devices between which the injected laser beam may rotate in the optical rotating device, and an extraction device that may extract the laser beam after carrying out a predetermined number of rotations in the rotating device. The deflection devices may be arranged such that the position of the laser beam during extraction is dependent on the number of rotations carried out in the optical rotating device. |
| US09601894B2 |
Fibre laser
A fiber laser having an optical cavity that has an optical fiber and a curved mirror for imaging light leaving the fiber back into the fiber. The optical fiber has a round trip dispersion loss of less than 200000 fs2. The round trip length of the optical fiber is less than 2.3 m. |
| US09601889B2 |
Connection method of terminal
A connection method of a terminal includes an inserting-arranging process for inserting and arranging conductors of a plurality of wires into a connection section. The wires have the conductor sections exposed from the sheaths thereof at the end portions. The connection section has cylindrical shape with a bottom portion and an opening section. The method further includes a heating-melting process for heating the connection section in a state that the opening section of the connection section faced upwards in the vertical direction to melt the conductors within the connection section, and a molten-metal raising process for conducting an insertion of the conductors into the connection section and/or a pressurization of the connection section from outside to raise the molten metal within the connection section to a level upper. |
| US09601888B2 |
Brush type contact material and manufacturing method for the same
The present invention relates to a brush type contact material, including one or more curved metal pawls of which ends come into contact with objects to be contacted. The ends of the pawls have an arc-like cross section in a thickness direction, a curvature radius R1 on a front side from a contact point with the object to be contacted and a curvature radius R2 on a back side from the contact point are formed so as to be R1≧R2, and also both ends in a width direction of the pawl are chamfered. At this time, preferably, R1 is larger than R2 (R1>R2), and R1 divided by R2 (R1/R2) is 3.0 or less. The brush type contact material according to the present invention enables a smoother sliding movement than ever before and can be relatively simply manufactured. |
| US09601887B2 |
Switching module and electronic device
A switching module including a body, a first interface assembly, and a second interface assembly is provided. The body has a first end and a second end opposite to each other. The first interface assembly is disposed at the first end. The second interface assembly is disposed at the second end and electrically connected to the first interface assembly. An electronic device including the switching module and a storage unit is provided. The switching module has a first interface assembly and a second interface assembly electrically connected to each other. The storage unit has a third interface assembly, wherein the third interface assembly is electrically connected to the first interface assembly through the second interface assembly. |
| US09601881B2 |
Refrigerator
The present invention discloses a refrigerator including a refrigerator main body having an opening, a door connected to the refrigerator main body and configured to open and close the opening, a storage unit configured to be moved toward a rear wall within the refrigerator main body so as to be installed in the refrigerator main body, the rear wall facing the opening, a power supply unit mounted at the rear wall and having an accommodating portion formed to face the opening, and a connection unit mounted at the storage unit, wherein when the storage unit is moved to the rear wall and installed in the refrigerator main body, at least part of the connection unit is inserted into the accommodating portion so as to be electrically connected to the power supply unit. |
| US09601879B1 |
Methods for detecting loose connection in power connectors
An electrical connector assembly that includes a female and male connector assembly. The female assembly includes a primary female housing including two female terminals. A secondary female housing including two female terminals short circuited to one another. The secondary female housing affixed to a side of the primary female housing. A male connector assembly including a primary male housing including two male terminals. The two male terminals in contact with the two female terminals of the primary female housing when the primary male housing is seated in the primary female housing for providing electrical energy to the electrical component. A secondary male housing including two male terminals. The secondary male housing affixed to a side of the primary male housing, wherein at least one of the two male terminals have a shorter length than the at least two male terminals of the primary male housing. |
| US09601866B1 |
Strain relief and joint support
A joint support and strain relief that provides support for the entire joint between a power cord and a strip light is disclosed. The joint support and strain relief is comprised of a cuff portion that defines a curved interior channel designed to cradle a power cord and a contiguous spade portion in the form of a thin, flat, generally rectangular plate. The strip light is typically secured to the spade portion with adhesive. The spade portion may have sidewalls to assist with the alignment of the strip light, and those sidewalls may have attached to their upper edges horizontally inwardly-extending tabs parallel to and above the bottom of the spade portion. The joint support and strain relief may also have tabs with holes or openings that allow the piece to be attached to a substrate. |
| US09601858B2 |
Magnet package and method for producing a magnet package
A magnet package is created, which includes a package body, wherein the package body is formed of a permanent magnetic material, and at least one electric contact, which is covered by the package body. |
| US09601857B2 |
Methods and apparatus for terminating wire wound electronic devices
An exemplary connector insert assembly, and methods of manufacture and use thereof. In one embodiment, the connector insert assembly comprises an insert body assembly consisting of two insert body elements made from a high-temperature polymer. The insert body assembly includes an electronic component receiving cavity that is configured to receive any number of electronic components, including without limitation, chip chokes and wire wound electronic components. The insert body assembly includes a wire termination feature that includes termination slots that position the wire ends of the wire wound electronic components adjacent to a substrate to which the wire ends are ultimately to be secured. The wire ends are then secured to the substrate using, for example, a mass termination technique. The aforementioned connector insert assembly can then be inserted into a single or multi-port connector assembly. Methods of manufacturing the aforementioned single or multi-port connector assemblies are also disclosed. |
| US09601855B2 |
Female terminal
A female terminal (40) to be connected to a male terminal (80) includes a tubular portion (41) configured by a plurality of peripheral walls. Resilient pieces (46, 47) extend in a front-back direction while facing the peripheral walls in the tubular portion (41). Excessive deflection preventing portions (90, 91) are provided on the peripheral walls, including a front abutting portion (92) and a rear abutting portion (93) arranged behind the front abutting portion (92), and configured to prevent the resilient pieces (46, 47) from being deflected excessively by contacting the resilient pieces (46, 47) at both the front and rear abutting portions (92, 93). |
| US09601852B2 |
Edge-mounted coaxial connector
A coaxial connector includes a housing configured to be mounted to an edge of a circuit board, and coaxial contacts held by the housing. The coaxial contacts include coaxial contact pairs having a signal contact and a ground contact arranged coaxially with the signal contact of the same coaxial contact pair. The signal contacts are held by the housing such that signal mounting segments of the signal contacts are configured to extend over and be engaged in electrical contact with corresponding electrical signal traces of the circuit board when the housing is mounted to the edge of the circuit board. The ground contacts are held by the housing such that ground mounting segments of the ground contacts are configured to extend over and be engaged in electrical contact with corresponding electrical ground traces of the circuit board when the housing is mounted to the edge of the circuit board. |
| US09601851B2 |
Longitudinal insertion of circuit card assemblies
A longitudinal insertion adapter includes an adapter socket assembly having a first end, a second end and a first set of electrical contacts. The adapter socket assembly is configured to accept a circuit card edge connector. At least one of the first and second ends has a void for accepting longitudinal insertion of the circuit card. The adapter further includes an edge connector assembly fixedly attached the adapter socket assembly. The edge connector assembly has a second set of electrical contacts arranged to couple electrically when the edge connector assembly is inserted into a fixed connector socket. The adapter socket assembly is fixedly attached to the edge connector assembly. Each contact of the first set of contacts is electrically coupled to a corresponding one of the second set of contacts. |
| US09601845B2 |
Connector device
A contact member provided inside a cylindrical contact holder of a female terminal has a diameter variable portion including a number of metal string members whose both ends are held by front side and rear side holding rings. When a slider is moved in a connector engaged state, a linear movement of a cam projection provided on the slider is converted into a rotational movement of a rotary ring by a cam groove 290, so that the front side holding ring fixed to the rotary ring is rotated to apply a twist to the diameter variable portion, whereby the metal string members are deformed into a hyperboloidal shape and the smallest inner diameter portion thereof is brought into pressure contact with a male terminal. |
| US09601844B2 |
Spring-loaded connection terminal
What is described is: a spring-loaded connection terminal (3) comprising a busbar piece (5) which has a base surface (6) and side walls (7) emerging laterally from the base surface (6). Mutually opposite side walls (7) delimit a receiving area (35) on both sides. The spring-loaded connection terminal (3) has a terminal arrangement for the terminal connection of an electrical conductor at an associated clamping point with at least one clamping spring (8), which is operatively connected to the busbar piece (5). At least one current bar (25, 25a, 25b) which is separate from the busbar piece (5) is introduced into the receiving area (35) of the busbar piece (5) and arranged in the receiving area (35) so as to form a clamping surface for the terminal connection of an electrical conductor. |
| US09601832B2 |
Antenna assemblies including antenna elements with dielectric for forming closed bow tie shapes
According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are provided of bow tie antennas and antenna assemblies that include the same. In an exemplary embodiment, a bow tie antenna includes a pair of antenna elements. Each antenna element includes spaced apart end portions defining an open portion such that the antenna element has an open shape. The open shape is closed by dielectric material disposed between the spaced apart end portions and extending across a gap separating the spaced apart end portions, whereby the dielectric material and pair of antenna elements cooperatively define a closed bow tie shape for the bow tie antenna. |
| US09601830B2 |
Antenna structure
An antenna structure includes a ground element, a first radiation branch, and a second radiation branch. The first radiation branch has a first end and a second end. The first end of the first radiation branch is coupled to a signal source. The second end of the first radiation branch is open. The second radiation branch has a first end and a second end. The first end of the second radiation branch is coupled to the signal source. The second end of the second radiation branch is coupled to the ground element. The length of the second radiation branch is substantially equal to that of the first radiation branch. |
| US09601829B2 |
Compact broadband antenna
An antenna including a substrate formed of a non-conductive material, a ground plane disposed on the substrate, a wideband radiating element having one end connected to an edge of the ground plane and an elongate feed arm feeding the wideband radiating element and having a maximum width of 1/100 of a predetermined wavelength, the predetermined wavelength being defined by formula (I) wherein λp is the predetermined wavelength, f is a lowest operating frequency of the wideband radiating element, μ is a permeability of the substrate, εr is a relative bulk permittivity of the substrate, W is a width of a conductive trace disposed above the substrate and H is a thickness of the substrate, wherein formula (II). |
| US09601828B2 |
Systems, apparatus, and methods for antenna switching approach for initial acquisition procedure
This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for an initial network acquisition process via multiple antennas. In one aspect a method of establishing communications via a wireless network at a wireless communications apparatus is provided. The method includes attempting an initial acquisition process, over one or more frequencies, for establishing communications over the wireless network via a transmit circuit and a receive circuit transmitting and receiving via a first antenna. The method further includes switching the transmit circuit and the receive circuit from transmitting and receiving via the first antenna to a second antenna in response to detecting failure of the initial acquisition process. The switching is independent of a performance metric of the first or the second antenna. The method further includes re-attempting the initial acquisition process based on the switching to the second antenna over the one or more frequencies. |
| US09601826B2 |
MIMO antenna, terminal and method for improving isolation
Disclosed are an MIMO antenna, a terminal and a method for improving MIMO antenna isolation. The MIMO antenna comprises at least two single antennas arranged on a printed circuit board (PCB); the single antenna comprising: an antenna support, a feeding grounding branch node used for shielding low-frequency coupling between the single antennas, a feeding point, a grounding point and an antenna radiation part, wherein the antenna support is arranged on the PCB, and the antenna radiation part is arranged on the antenna support; and the feeding grounding branch node is connected with the antenna radiation part via the feeding point and the grounding point. |
| US09601820B2 |
Dielectric waveguide comprised of a core surrounded by a cladding and forming integrated periodical structures
A dielectric waveguide interconnect system has a dielectric waveguide (DWG) a core surrounded by a cladding along the length of the DWG. One or more periodic structures are embedded along the length of the DWG such that the core of the DWG is integral to each of the one or more periodic structures. |
| US09601812B2 |
High-voltage contactor switching systems and methods
Systems and methods for switching high-voltage contactors in a battery system with reduced degradation over time are presented. In certain embodiments, a system may include solid-state switches disposed is parallel with the high-voltage contactors. The solid-state switches may be configured to selectively close when the high-voltage contactors are in transition from a closed state to an open state. By closing the solid-state switches during this transition, electrical arcing and associated degradation and/or damage to the contactors may be reduced. |
| US09601809B2 |
Lithium secondary battery
A lithium ion secondary battery which is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material capable of absorbing and releasing lithium, and an electrolyte solution comprising a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent, wherein the positive electrode comprises a sulfate group, and the non-aqueous electrolyte solvent comprises a sulfone compound represented by a specified formula. |
| US09601807B2 |
Electrolyte solution and lithium ion battery using said electrolyte solution
An electrolyte solution for a lithium-ion battery and a lithium-ion battery using the electrolyte solution are provided. The electrolyte solution includes organic solvents, an electrolyte lithium salt, and additives. The additives include succinonitrile, fluorobenzene, and lithium tetrafluoroborate. The percentage by mass of the fluorobenzene in the electrolyte solution is 0.1%-15%. The percentage by mass of the succinonitrile in the electrolyte solution is 0.1%-10%. The percentage by mass of the lithium tetrafluoroborate in the electrolyte solution is 0.01%-1%. The electrolyte solution may increase the charging voltage upper limit and improve the high-temperature intermittent cyclability of the lithium-ion battery. At the same time, the electrolyte may lower the battery swelling rate, reduce the internal resistance, and improve the stability and safety of the lithium-ion battery. |
| US09601806B2 |
Redox shuttle additives for lithium-ion batteries
An electro lye includes a compound of Formula I or IA: where each instance of R1 is independently H, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl; each instance of R2 is independently H, alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl; each instance of R3 is independently H, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or cycloalkyl; each instance of R4 is independently H, halogen, CN, NO2, phosphate, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloalkyl; x is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; y is 1 or 2; and z is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4. |
| US09601802B2 |
Nonaqueous electrolyte for lithium-ion secondary battery containing vanadium and lithium-ion secondary battery containing same
A nonaqueous electrolyte for a lithium-ion secondary battery containing 0.1 ppm to 20 ppm of vanadium in terms of vanadium ions, and containing cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate is used. |
| US09601801B2 |
Electrolytes comprising metal amide and metal chlorides for multivalent battery
An electrolyte includes compounds of formula M1Xn and M2Zm; and a solvent wherein M1 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn; M2 is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ti, Al, or Zn; X is a group forming a covalent bond with M1; Z is a halogen or pseudo-halogen; n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. |
| US09601799B2 |
Method for producing positive electrode of thin-film battery and method for producing thin-film battery
A method for producing a thin-film battery includes a film-formation step of forming a film of a positive-electrode material to form a positive-electrode active material film and an annealing step of annealing the positive-electrode active material film. After the annealing step, a lithium-ion introduction step of introducing lithium ions into the positive-electrode active material film. After the introduction of the lithium ions, a reverse-sputtering step of edging the positive-electrode active material film by reverse sputtering. |
| US09601794B2 |
Electrochemical device comprising a proton-conducting ceramic electrolyte
The invention relates to the use of a ceramic of formula Ba2(1−x)M2xIn2(1−y)M′2yO4+δ(OH)δ′ where M represents at least one metal cation with an oxidation number II or III or a combination thereof, M′ represents at least one metal cation with an oxidation number III, IV, V or VI or a combination thereof, 0≦x≦1, 0≦y≦1, δ≦2 and 0 <δ′≦2, as solid proton-conducting electrolyte in an electrochemical device, in particular a fuel cell, an electrolytic cell, a membrane separating hydrogen from a gas mixture, or also a hydrogen detector, at an operating temperature of said electrochemical device preferably comprised between 200° C. and 600° C. |
| US09601792B2 |
Fuel cell system and method for driving same
The present application relates to a fuel cell system and a method for driving same, which can produce stable electricity, enhance load following capability, and simultaneously increasing fuel utilization rate and energy efficiency by separately managing a base load and a load following of a fuel cell, and the fuel cell system according to one embodiment of the present application comprises: a molten carbonate fuel cell for generating electricity by using fuel; a reaction gas for shifting discharge gas into water gas; a buffer tank for storing the water gas; and a driving device which is actuated by using the water gas that is stored and provided from the buffer tank. |
| US09601791B2 |
Intake circulatory system for zinc air fuel cell
The present invention provides an intake circulatory system for a zinc air fuel cell, including a housing, a zinc air cell, an air supply system and an air collecting system. The housing is partitioned on the inside of the intake circulatory system for a zinc air fuel cell to form a first space and a second space. The zinc air cell is assembled on the inside of the housing, and includes a discharging region that is located in the first space and a charging region that is located in the second space. Moreover, the air supply system includes an air supply device and an air intake device that is in connection with the air supply device and the first space. In addition, the air collecting system includes an air collecting device that is in connection with the air intake device, and at least one air output pipe exists in between the air collecting device and the second space. Further, in accordance with the present invention, the air supply device transmits external air to the first space via the air intake device. The discharging region of the zinc air cell has a chemical reaction with oxygen from the external air to generate electricity. The charging region produces oxygen by generating electricity to perform a reduction reaction. The air collecting device absorbs oxygen and also transmits the oxygen to the air intake device. The external air and the oxygen are mixed and subsequently enter the first space. As such, the power supply efficiency of the discharging region is increased in accordance with the present invention. |
| US09601788B2 |
Varying wall geometry ejector
An apparatus for delivering a primary fuel stream to a fuel cell stack is provided. The apparatus includes an ejector that is configured to receive the primary fuel stream from a fuel supply. The apparatus is further configured to receive the recirculated fuel stream from the fuel cell stack to provide a combined fluid stream for delivery to the fuel cell stack. The ejector includes an elastic conduit for varying a flow of the combined fluid stream based on a power level of the fuel cell stack. |
| US09601783B2 |
Electroconductive tungsten oxide nanowire carrying a platinum nanodendrite and method for manufacturing same
The present invention relates to an electroconductive tungsten oxide catalyst carrying a platinum dendrite and to a method for manufacturing same, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing an electroconductive tungsten oxide carrying a platinum nanodendrite applicable as an anode catalyst having a strong resistance to carbon monoxide poisoning in a direct methanol fuel cell. The platinum nanodendrite-electroconductive tungsten oxide nanowire catalyst according to the present invention illustrates remarkably improved resistance to carbon monoxide poisoning when compared with a common platinum nanoparticle carbon catalyst, and so, may be used as a highly efficient DMFC anode catalyst. |
| US09601782B2 |
Method of producing displacement plating precursor
A method of producing a displacement plating precursor, including a deposition step of depositing a Cu layer on a surface of a core particle formed of Pt or a Pt alloy by contacting a Cu ion-containing acidic aqueous solution with at least a portion of a Cu electrode, and contacting the Cu electrode with the core particle or with a composite, in which the core particle is supported on an electroconductive support, within the acidic aqueous solution or outside the acidic aqueous solution, and moreover contacting the core particle with the acidic aqueous solution under an inert gas atmosphere. |
| US09601779B2 |
Battery cells with lithium ion conducting tape-cast ceramic, glass and glass-ceramic membranes
Alkali (or other active) metal battery and other electrochemical cells incorporating active metal anodes together with aqueous cathode/electrolyte systems. The battery cells have a highly ionically conductive protective membrane adjacent to the alkali metal anode that effectively isolates (de-couples) the alkali metal electrode from solvent, electrolyte processing and/or cathode environments, and at the same time allows ion transport in and out of these environments. Isolation of the anode from other components of a battery cell or other electrochemical cell in this way allows the use of virtually any solvent, electrolyte and/or cathode material in conjunction with the anode. Also, optimization of electrolytes or cathode-side solvent systems may be done without impacting anode stability or performance. In particular, Li/water, Li/air and Li/metal hydride cells, components, configurations and fabrication techniques are provided. |
| US09601778B2 |
Electrode active material , electrode and secondary battery
An electrode active material has, as a main component, a mixture of an organic compound containing a rubeanic acid and cyanomethanesulfonylamide. The rubeanic acid is represented by the following general formula: In the formula, n indicates an integer between 1 and 20, and R1-R4 indicate hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, or a prescribed substituent group such as a hydroxide group, a 1-3C alkyl group, an amino group, a phenyl group, a cyclohexyl group, or a sulfo group. |
| US09601776B2 |
Resin composition
The present invention provides a resin composition for an electrically conductive resin film which is excellent in electric conductivity, tensile elongation, durability to bending and flexibility and is suitable as electrodes or protective coatings on the electrodes in redox flow batteries. A resin composition includes (A) 100 parts by mass of a thermoplastic resin, (B) 1 to 60 parts by mass of carbon nanotubes and (C) 1 to 100 parts by mass of at least one selected from the group consisting of acetylene black and graphite. |
| US09601775B2 |
Binder composition for secondary battery positive electrode, slurry composition for secondary battery positive electrode, secondary battery positive electrode, and secondary battery
Provided are a binder composition which has high electrolyte resistance characteristics, and a secondary battery which uses a positive electrode using the binder composition for high-temperature cycle characteristics. [Solution] The binder composition for the secondary battery positive electrode according to the present invention contains a polymerized unit which contains a nitrile group; a polymerized unit of (meth) acrylic acid ester; a polymerized unit which contains a hydrophilic group; and a polymerized unit of linear alkylene having a carbon number of at least four. In a mixed solvent in which a volume ratio EC:DEC between ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) at 20° C. is 1:2, a degree of swelling with respect to an electrolyte in which LiPF6 is dissolved to have a concentration of 1.0 mol/L is between 100% and 500%. |
| US09601772B2 |
Cathode active material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof, and a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that uses cathode active material
The present invention provides a cathode active material that makes possible a high capacity nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that has excellent discharge load characteristics that provide both good cycle characteristics and thermal stability. The cathode active material comprises a lithium nickel composite oxide having the compositional formula LiNi1−aMaO2 (where, M is at least one kind of element that is selected from among a transitional metal other than Ni, a group 2 element, and group 13 element, and 0.01≦a≦0.5) to which fine lithium manganese composite oxide particle adhere to the surface thereof. This lithium nickel composite oxide is obtained by adding manganese salt solution to a lithium nickel composite oxide slurry, causing manganese hydroxide that contains lithium to adhere to the surface of the lithium nickel composite oxide particles, and then baking that lithium nickel composite oxide. |
| US09601771B2 |
High voltage cathode compositions for lithium-ion batteries
A lithium transition metal oxide composition. The composition has the formula Lia[LibNicMndCoe]O2, where a≧0.9, b≧0, c>0, d>0, e>0, b+c+d+e=1, 1.05≦c/d≦1.4, 0.05≦e≦0.30, 0.9≦(a+b)/M≦1.06, and M=c+d+e. The composition has an O3 type structure. |
| US09601768B2 |
Silicon oxide and method of preparing the same
The present invention relates to a method of preparing silicon oxide, in which the amounts of silicon and oxygen are appropriately controlled by decreasing the amount of the oxygen from silicon oxide containing a relatively large amount of oxygen, silicon oxide prepared by the method, and a secondary battery including the same. According to the method of preparing silicon oxide, silicon oxide (first silicon oxide) including a relatively large amount of oxygen is heat treated in a reducing atmosphere to decrease the amount of the oxygen in the silicon oxide (first silicon oxide) and to prepare silicon oxide (second silicon oxide) including silicon and oxygen in an appropriate amount (Si:SiO2=1:0.7-0.98), thereby improving capacity and initial efficiency and securing stability and cycle properties (lifetime characteristics) of the secondary battery. |
| US09601766B2 |
Negative active material, lithium battery including the negative active material, and method of preparing the negative active material
A negative active material including: a composite particle including a non-carbonaceous nanoparticle that allows lithiation and delithiation of lithium ions, and a (meth)acryl polymer disposed on a surface of the non-carbonaceous nanoparticle; and a crystalline carbonaceous nanosheet. |
| US09601765B2 |
Positive active material, preparing method thereof, positive electrode for lithium secondary battery including the same, and lithium secondary battery employing the same
Provided are a positive active material that has a decreased amount of Li-containing impurities that remain on a lithium transition metal composite oxide surface to decrease an amount of gas generation and has improved lifespan properties, a method of preparing the same, a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery including the positive active material, and a lithium secondary battery including the same. |
| US09601764B2 |
Power storage device
A power storage device a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material layer and a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer includes a plurality of particles of x[Li2MnO3]-(1−x)[LiCo1/3Mn1/3Ni1/3O2] (obtained by assigning 0.5 to x, for example) which is a positive electrode active material, and multilayer graphene with which the plurality of particles of the positive electrode active material are at least partly connected to each other. In the multilayer graphene, a plurality of graphenes are stacked in a layered manner. The graphene contains a six-membered ring composed of carbon atoms, a poly-membered ring which is a seven or more-membered ring composed of carbon atoms, and an oxygen atom bonded to one or more of the carbon atoms in the six-membered ring and the poly-membered ring, which is a seven or more-membered ring. |
| US09601759B2 |
Cathode for secondary batteries, method for producing cathode for secondary batteries, and all-solid-state secondary battery
To provide: a cathode for secondary batteries, which has a high capacity retention rate; a method for producing a cathode for secondary batteries; and an all-solid-state secondary battery comprising the cathode. This object has been achieved providing by a cathode for secondary batteries, which is characterized by comprising a cathode active material layer containing at least a cathode active material and a solid electrolyte, wherein the cathode active material has an oil absorption amount of 35 to 50 ml per 100 g; wherein the solid electrolyte has an average particle diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 μm; and wherein the cathode active material layer is formed by mixing the cathode active material and the solid electrolyte in the absence of solvent and pressure-forming the resulting mixture. |
| US09601755B2 |
Composite cathode materials having improved cycle life
Lithiated composite materials and methods of manufacture are provided that are capable of imparting excellent capacity and greatly improved cycle life in lithium-ion secondary cells. By supplementing a high nickel content lithium storage material with a transition metal oxide lithium storage material or a dopant at relatively low levels, the capacity of the high nickel content lithium storage materials is maintained while cycle life is dramatically improved. These characteristics are promoted by methods of producing the materials that intermix unlithiated precursor materials with a lithium source and sintering the materials together in a single sintering reaction. The resulting lithiated composite materials provide for the first time both high capacity and excellent cycle life to predominantly high nickel content electrodes. |
| US09601754B2 |
Negative active material for rechargeable lithium battery, method of preparing same, and negative electrode and rechargeable lithium battery including same
Disclosed are a negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery including a silicon-based material including SiOx particles, where 0 |
| US09601753B2 |
Negative active materials, lithium ion batteries, and methods thereof
Methods of preparing negative active materials and negative active materials are provided herein. The preparation methods include: A) mixing a carbon material, an organic polymer, a Sn-containing compound—optionally with water—to obtain a mixed solution system; B) adding a complexing agent into the mixed solution system obtained in step A optionally while stirring to form an intermediate solution; C) adding a reducing agent into the intermediate solution obtained in step B to a reaction product; D) optionally filtering, washing and then drying the reaction product to obtain the negative active material. |
| US09601751B2 |
Annealing method for thin film electrodes
A method of annealing a thin film deposited on a substrate. According to the method, the thin film deposited on the substrate is provided. The provided thin film is irradiated with electromagnetic radiation until a predetermined crystal quality of the thin film is achieved. The spectral band of the electromagnetic radiation is selected such that the thin film is substantially absorptive to the electromagnetic radiation and the substrate is substantially transparent to the electromagnetic radiation. |
| US09601748B2 |
High energy density energy storage and discharge device
An electrically transductive device, including a substrate having an electrically conducting surface portion, a first film of semiconducting nanoparticles positioned on the electrically conducting portion and further including a first plurality of close packed first generally spherical particles defining a first plurality of interstices and a second plurality of second, smaller generally spherical particles substantially filling the plurality of interstices, and a first coating of electrically conductive metal deposited over the first film. |
| US09601746B2 |
Method for injecting electrolyte
A method for injecting an electrolyte includes heating a case in which an electrode assembly is accommodated, and injecting an electrolyte into the case after the heating of the case. Here, the heating of the case may include heating the case through high-frequency induction heating using a coil. Also, the coil may have a spiral shape to surround the outside of the case along a longitudinal direction of the case. |
| US09601745B2 |
Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer is formed on a negative electrode collector, and a positive electrode laminated on the negative electrode through a separator, in which a positive electrode active material layer is formed on a positive electrode collector. The positive electrode active material layer on a surface of a positive electrode tab drawn from the positive electrode collector has a region which extends in a drawing direction of the positive electrode tab, exceeding a leading end line of a vertically projected negative electrode active material layer opposed to the positive electrode active material layer and in which an existing amount of the positive electrode active material layer is reduced toward its leading end portion. |
| US09601742B2 |
Busbar module unit
A busbar module unit includes a busbar module that is made of a resin and retains a plurality of first conductors and two second conductor, a wiring path that accommodates a plurality of voltage detection wires, a terminal accommodating portion that accommodates connection terminals of a power cable, and a cover member that is connected to the busbar module via a hinge portion. The terminal accommodating portion is integrally formed with the cover member. The wiring path is arranged so as to intersect at least one of the connection terminals. The cover member has a first face and a second face opposite to the first face, the first face opposes the wiring path when the cover member is folded back via the hinge portion. The terminal accommodating portion is formed on the second face. |
| US09601741B2 |
Fuel cell connector and method of using the same
The present invention involves an electrically-conductive fuel cell electrode connector, the connector including an opening and a slot, the slot connecting an interrupted external edge of the connector to the opening to delimit a first flap and a second flap of the connector. A method of using the connector comprising a step of deforming the connector to be able to insert a module of unit cells into the connector opening. |
| US09601740B2 |
Composite porous separation membrane having shut-down function, method of manufacturing same, and secondary batteries using same
A composite porous separator includes: a porous substrate acting as a support and having a first melting point and a first porosity; a first porous polymer web layer that is laminated on one side of the porous substrate, and acts as an adhesive layer when being in close contact with an opposing electrode; and a second porous polymer web layer that is laminated on the other surface of the porous substrate, and is formed of nanofibers of a heat-resistant polymer, in which the first porous polymer web layer and the second porous polymer web layer have a melting point higher than the first melting point of the porous substrate and a porosity that is the same as or similar to the first porosity of the porous substrate, respectively. |
| US09601739B2 |
Method for producing porous polyimide film, porous polyimide film and separator using same
A method for producing a porous polyimide film comprises: forming a first un-burned composite film wherein the first film is formed on a substrate using a first varnish that contains (A1) a polyamide acid or a polyimide and (B1) fine particles at a volume ratio (A1):(B1) of from 19:81 to 45:65; forming a second un-burned composite film wherein the second film is formed on the first film using a second varnish that contains (A2) a polyamide acid or a polyimide and (B2) fine particles at a volume ratio (A2):(B2) of from 20:80 to 50:50 and has a lower fine particle content ratio than the first varnish; burning wherein an un-burned composite film composed of the first film and the second film is burned, thereby obtaining a polyimide-fine particle composite film; and a fine particle removal step wherein the fine particles are removed from the polyimide-fine particle composite film. |
| US09601738B2 |
Polyethylene powder, microporous membrane, and fiber
It is intended to provide a polyethylene powder which can offer a fiber excellent in resistance to end breakage, dimensional stability, and acid resistance and/or a microporous membrane excellent in dimensional stability and acid resistance, and a microporous membrane and a fiber which are obtained by forming the polyethylene powder. The present invention provides a polyethylene powder comprising: 0.5 ppm or higher and 3,000 ppm or lower of aluminum hydroxide having an average particle size smaller than 50 μm; and 0.5 ppm or higher and 12 ppm or lower of a magnesium element, wherein the polyethylene has a viscosity-average molecular weight of 100,000 or larger. |
| US09601736B2 |
Rechargeable battery having insulation layer
A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a case receiving the electrode assembly, a cap plate coupled to the case, a vent plate under the cap plate, the vent plate including a notch, a middle plate under the vent plate, and a laminating insulating layer between the vent plate and the middle plate, the laminating insulating layer being laminated to the vent plate or the middle plate. |
| US09601735B2 |
Cylindrical battery
The opening of a cylindrical battery case 1 with a bottom is sealed by a seal assembly 5. The seal assembly 5 has an upper valve plate 13, a lower valve plate 15, and a bottom plate 16. The bottom plate 16 has inner gas vent holes 21. When the inner gas vent holes 21 are viewed from the axial direction of the battery case 1, at least a part of each inner gas vent hole 21 overlaps a valve-hole forming portion 15b of the lower valve plate 15. With this configuration, for example, even when an electrode assembly 20 is pushed up by increased internal pressure of the battery to push up the bottom plate 16, the valve hole is not closed. |
| US09601728B2 |
Battery pack having end plates
Provided is a battery pack including a pair of end plates facing each other, a plurality of battery cells arrayed between the end plates, and a pair of side plates each extending along a length of the plurality of battery cells, and coupled to the end plates, wherein each of the end plates includes a base plate, bending portions bent from each edge of the base plate in a direction away from the plurality of battery cells, each bending portion having a reinforcing bead unit, and a flange portion connected to the base plate at each bending portion. According to one or more embodiments of the present invention, deformation of the battery pack may be efficiently suppressed and deterioration of a function of a battery cell may be prevented by blocking volume expansion due to recharging and discharging operations of the battery cell. |
| US09601725B2 |
Energy storage element
An energy storage element includes a container that includes a container body including an opening and a cap part formed on the opening, an electrode assembly housed in the container, an electrode terminal, and a current collector which electrically connects the electrode terminal and the electrode assembly. The cap part of the container includes an outer surface including a protrusion part formed to protrude outward from the outer surface, and an inner surface including a recess part formed at a position corresponding to a position of the protrusion part. |
| US09601721B2 |
Encapsulation for an organic electronic device
An organic electronic device and a method of making an organic electronic device are provided. An embodiment of an electronic device includes a substrate, an active layer disposed on the substrate and a thin-layer encapsulation disposed on the active layer. The device further includes a first adhesive layer disposed on the thin-layer encapsulation, wherein the first adhesive layer comprises a getter material and a covering layer disposed on the first adhesive layer. |
| US09601718B2 |
Barrier film, organic el device, flexible substrate, and method for manufacturing barrier film
A barrier film that contains primarily silicon nitride has a total hydrogen concentration of 3×1022 atoms/cm3 or higher and a silicon-bonded hydrogen concentration proportion of 40% or higher, the total hydrogen concentration indicating a total of a concentration of hydrogen bonded to silicon and a concentration of hydrogen bonded to nitrogen, and the silicon-bonded hydrogen concentration proportion indicating a proportion of the concentration of hydrogen bonded to silicon to the total hydrogen concentration. |
| US09601711B2 |
Composition for forming transparent electrode, transparent electrode, organic electronic element, and method for manufacturing transparent electrode
A composition for forming a transparent electrode is to form a conductive polymer layer on a transparent substrate. The composition includes: a conductive polymer; a self-dispersing polymer dispersible in an aqueous solvent; water; a polar solvent other than water; and a glycol ether. The self-dispersing polymer is a self-dispersing polymer containing a dissociable group and having a glass transition temperature of 25° C. or more and 80° C. or less. |
| US09601710B2 |
Organic light-emitting diode with enhanced efficiency
Generally, the devices provided herein comprise at least a hole-transport layer, two light-emitting layers, and an electron-transport layer, each having a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level and a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level, wherein at least one of the HOMO energy levels and/or the LUMO energy levels of at least one of the light-emitting layers does not decrease in a stepwise fashion. |
| US09601709B2 |
Organic light emitting display panel and method of manufacturing the same
An exemplary embodiment discloses an organic light emitting display panel including a base substrate comprising first pixels configured to emit a light having a first wavelength and second pixels configured to emit a light having a second wavelength and a pixel definition layer disposed on the base substrate. The pixel definition layer includes first and second openings. The first opening corresponds to light emitting areas of n (n is a natural number equal to or greater than 2) first pixels among the first pixels. The second opening corresponds to light emitting areas of m (m is a natural number equal to or greater than 1 and smaller than n) second pixels among the second pixels. An area of the light emitting area of each of the first pixels is smaller than an area of the light emitting area of each of the second pixels. |
| US09601708B2 |
Organic light emitting device and materials for use in same
The OLEDs of the present invention are characterized by providing an organic thin film layer comprising a single layer or plural layers between a cathode and an anode, wherein the organic thin film layer comprises at least one organic light emitting layer, wherein at least one light emitting layer comprises at least one host material and at least one phosphorescent emitter material, wherein the host material comprises a bis-carbazole derivative host material; and the phosphorescent emitter material comprises a phosphorescent organometallic complex having a substituted chemical structure represented by one of the following partial chemical structures represented by the formula: LL′L″M wherein M is a metal that forms octahedral complexes, L, L′, L″ are equivalent or inequivalent bidentate ligands wherein each L comprises a substituted or unsubstituted phenylpyridine ligand coordinated to M through an sp2 hybridized carbon and N; and one of L, L′ and L″ is inequivalent to at least one of the other two. |
| US09601706B2 |
Resin composition for forming protective film, protective film, pattern forming method, method for manufacturing electronic device, and electronic device
There is provided a resin composition for use in formation of a protective film to protect a substrate or a film formed on the substrate, from a developer containing an organic solvent to be used for development in pattern formation, and which contains two or more kinds of resins in which their main chain structures having a hydroxyl group are different, and contains water, a pattern forming method using the resin composition, and layered products comprising a substrate, an organic semiconductor film on the substrate, and a protective film comprising two or more kinds of resins in which their main chain structures having a hydroxyl group are different, on the organic semiconductor film. |
| US09601704B2 |
Organic light-emitting device and display apparatus
Provided is a long-lifetime organic light-emitting element having a good device lifetime characteristic. The organic light-emitting device includes: a pair of electrodes; and an organic compound layer placed between the pair of electrodes, in which the organic compound layer includes an iridium complex having a specific structure and a different kind of metal complex. |
| US09601702B2 |
Heterocyclic compound and organic light-emitting diode including the same
A heterocyclic compound represented by Formula 1 and an organic light-emitting diode including the same: |
| US09601698B2 |
Organic light-emitting devices
An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer, wherein the emission layer includes at least one first host selected from compounds represented by Formula 1 and at least one second host selected from compounds represented by Formula 2: |
| US09601697B2 |
Systems and process for forming carbon nanotube sensors
A system for forming a functionalized sensor for sensing a molecule of interest includes at least one single or multi-wall carbon nanotube having a first and a second electrode in contact therewith on a substrate; a third electrode including a decorating material on the substrate a predetermined distance from the at least one single or multi-wall carbon nanotube having a first and a second electrode in contact therewith, wherein the decorating material has a bonding affinity for bioreceptors that react with the molecule of interest; and wherein applying a voltage to the third electrode causes the decorating material to form nanoparticles of the decorating material on the at least one single or multi-wall carbon nanotube. |
| US09601693B1 |
Method for encapsulating a chalcogenide material
Methods of depositing silicon nitride encapsulation layers by atomic layer deposition over memory devices including chalcogenide material are provided herein. Methods include using iodine-containing silicon precursors and depositing thermally using ammonia or hydrazine as a second reactant, or iodine-containing silicon precursors and depositing using a nitrogen-based or hydrogen-based plasma. |
| US09601691B2 |
Semiconductor apparatus and method for fabricating the same
A semiconductor apparatus includes a variable resistor including a variable resistance layer, which is formed to surround on an inner surface of a resistive region, and an insert layer which is formed in the variable resistance layer and has a resistivity being different from that of the variable resistance layer. |
| US09601682B2 |
Electroacoustic transducer
In an embodiment, an electroacoustic transducer has a piezoelectric speaker 20, housing, and support member 23. The piezoelectric speaker 20 has a vibration plate 11 with a periphery 111, and a piezoelectric element 12 joined to the vibration plate 11. The housing houses the piezoelectric speaker 20. The support member 23 is constituted by a part of the housing or by a separate member, and supports the vibration plate 11 in multiple areas along the periphery 111. The electroacoustic transducer can offer excellent high-frequency characteristics. |
| US09601680B2 |
Thermoelectric conversion element and method for manufacturing same
The present invention relates to a thermoelectric conversion element and a method for manufacturing the same and relates to suppression of breakage and deterioration of the thermoelectric conversion element due to partial pressurization from the vertical direction. This thermoelectric conversion element has: at least one n-type semiconductor body; at least one p-type semiconductor body; a first connecting electrode; a first out-put electrode for n-side output; and a second output electrode for p-side output, wherein areas of respective joint sections of the n-type semiconductor body with the first connecting electrode, the first output electrode, and the second output electrode and of the p-type semiconductor body with the first connecting electrode, the first output electrode, and the second output electrode are greater than respective cross-sectional areas in other positions, in an axial direction, of the n-type semiconductor body and the p-type semiconductor body. |
| US09601678B2 |
Thermoelectric device and method of manufacturing the same
A thermoelectric device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The thermoelectric device includes a middle substrate, electrodes, N-type thermopiles, and P-type thermopiles, in which the N-type thermopile and the P-type thermopile are electrically connected to each other by the electrodes in series. The thermoelectric device includes further includes an upper substrate bonded to an upper surface of the middle substrate and a lower substrate bonded to a lower surface of the substrate, such that a temperature difference is provided between opposite sides of each of the N-type thermopiles and the P-type thermopiles. |
| US09601675B2 |
Vertical solid-state transducers having backside terminals and associated systems and methods
Vertical solid-state transducers (“SSTs”) having backside contacts are disclosed herein. An SST in accordance with a particular embodiment can include a transducer structure having a first semiconductor material at a first side of the SST, a second semiconductor material at a second side of the SST opposite the first side, and an active region between the first and second semiconductor materials. The SST can further include first and second contacts electrically coupled to the first and second semiconductor materials, respectively. A portion of the first contact can be covered by a dielectric material, and a portion can remain exposed through the dielectric material. A conductive carrier substrate can be disposed on the dielectric material. An isolating via can extend through the conductive carrier substrate to the dielectric material and surround the exposed portion of the first contact to define first and second terminals electrically accessible from the first side. |
| US09601665B2 |
Nanostructure semiconductor light emitting device
A nanostructure semiconductor light emitting device may includes: a base layer having first and second regions and formed of a first conductivity-type semiconductor material; a plurality of light emitting nanostructures disposed on an upper surface of the base layer, each of which including a nanocore formed of the first conductivity-type semiconductor material, and an active layer and a second conductivity-type semiconductor layer sequentially disposed on the nanocore; and a contact electrode disposed on the plurality of light emitting nanostructures, wherein a tip portion of each of light emitting nanostructures disposed on the first region may not be covered with the contact electrode, and a tip portion of each of light emitting nanostructures disposed on the second region may be covered with the contact electrode. |
| US09601662B2 |
Semiconductor light emitting device, nitride semiconductor layer, and method for forming nitride semiconductor layer
According to an embodiment, a semiconductor light emitting device includes a foundation layer, a first semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer. The foundation layer has an unevenness having recesses, side portions, and protrusions. A first major surface of the foundation layer has an overlay-region. The foundation layer has a plurality of dislocations including first dislocations whose one ends reaching the recess and second dislocations whose one ends reaching the protrusion. A proportion of a number of the second dislocations reaching the first major surface to a number of all of the second dislocations is smaller than a proportion of a number of the first dislocations reaching the first major surface to a number of all of the first dislocations. A number of the dislocations reaching the overlay-region of the first major surface is smaller than a number of all of the first dislocations. |
| US09601661B2 |
Epitaxial structure and epitaxial growth method for forming epitaxial layer with cavities
An epitaxial structure includes a substrate, a first epitaxial layer and a second epitaxial layer. The substrate has a surface, and the first epitaxial layer is disposed over the substrate and defines a plurality of stepped air voids and an opening over each of the stepped air voids. The second epitaxial layer is disposed on the first epitaxial layer and collectively defines the stepped air voids with the surface and the first epitaxial layer. |
| US09601660B2 |
Reversely-installed photonic crystal LED chip and method for manufacturing same
A method of fabricating a flip-chip photonic-crystal light-emitting diode (LED) is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: providing an initial substrate including an epitaxial-growth surface and a light-output surface; performing a nanoimprint process on the epitaxial-growth surface of the initial substrate to form a nano-level patterned substrate; forming a flip-chip LED structure on the epitaxial-growth surface of the nano-level patterned substrate; and performing a nanoimprint process on the light-output surface of the nano-level patterned substrate to form the flip-chip photonic-crystal LED. The formation of the photonic-crystal structure on the light-output surface results in enhanced LED light extraction and emission efficiency. |
| US09601657B2 |
Light-emitting device
This disclosure discloses a light-emitting device. The light-emitting device comprises: a substrate; an intermediate layer formed on the substrate; a transparent bonding layer; a first semiconductor window layer bonded to the semiconductor layer through the transparent bonding layer; and a light-emitting stack formed on the first semiconductor window layer. The intermediate layer has a refractive index between the refractive index of the substrate and the refractive index of the first semiconductor window layer. |
| US09601656B1 |
Method of manufacturing low cost, high efficiency LED
A low cost, high efficiency light-emitting diode design is disclosed. In some embodiments, a p-n junction of a light-emitting diode is formed in an epitaxial layer grown on a substrate. Grinding the backside of an associated wafer after encapsulation not only opens a light path for the light emitting diode but removes most residual defects. |
| US09601655B2 |
Optoelectronic device and method for manufacturing the same
An optoelectronic device comprises a semiconductor stack, wherein the semiconductor stack comprises a first semiconductor layer, an active layer formed on the first semiconductor layer, and a second semiconductor layer formed on the active layer; an electrode formed on the second semiconductor layer, wherein the first electrode further comprises a reflective layer; and an insulative layer formed on the second semiconductor layer, and a space formed between the first electrode and the insulative layer. |
| US09601654B2 |
Method of producing group III nitride semiconductor light-emitting device
To provide a Group III nitride semiconductor light-emitting device production method, which is intended to grow a flat light-emitting layer without reducing the In concentration of the light-emitting layer. The method of the techniques includes an n-side superlattice layer formation step, in which an InGaN layer, a GaN layer disposed on the InGaN layer, and an n-type GaN layer disposed on the GaN layer are repeatedly formed. In formation of the InGaN layer, nitrogen gas is supplied as a carrier gas. In formation of the n-type GaN layer, a first mixed gas formed of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas is supplied as a carrier gas. The first mixed gas has a hydrogen gas ratio by volume greater than 0% to 75% or less. |
| US09601645B2 |
Solar array mounting system with universal clamp
A mounting system for photovoltaic solar panels providing support for different sized panels, and/or panels having mounting holes located in different locations. A universal panel clamp includes at least one elongated hole or slot to attach to a mounting hole on a solar panel frame. A clamp is attached to an upper hole, and a second clamp is attached to a lower mounting hole. The upper clamps are attached to an upper lateral support member, and the lower clamps are attached to a lower lateral support member. This assembly may be supported by A-shaped support members having adjustable tilt arms, or posts with specially configured brackets. |
| US09601644B2 |
Method for manufacturing a solar cell
A method for manufacturing a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes preparing a semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity type dopant; ion-implanting a pre-amorphization elements into a front surface of the semiconductor substrate to form an amorphous layer; and forming an emitter layer by ion-implanting second conductivity type dopant into the front surface of the semiconductor substrate. The method then further includes heat-treating the layers to activate the second conductivity type dopant. The method further includes forming a back surface field layer at a back surface of the semiconductor substrate by ion-implanting a first conductivity type dopant. |
| US09601641B1 |
Ultra-high pressure doping of materials
A method and apparatus is disclosed for doping a semiconductor substrate with a dopant concentration greater than 1020 atoms per cubic centimeter. The method is suitable for producing an improved doped wide bandgap wafer for power electronic devices, photo conductive semiconductor switch, or a semiconductor catalyst. |
| US09601634B2 |
Semiconductor device
A highly reliable semiconductor device which uses an oxide semiconductor film for a backplane is provided. A semiconductor device includes a first conductive film, a first insulating film over the first conductive film, an oxide semiconductor film which is over the first insulating film and overlaps with the first conductive film, a second insulating film over the oxide semiconductor film, and a pair of second conductive films electrically connected to the oxide semiconductor film through an opening portion included in the second insulating film. The second insulating film overlaps with a region of the oxide insulating film in which a carrier flows between the pair of second conductive films and overlaps with end portions of the oxide semiconductor film. |
| US09601629B2 |
Faceted finFET
Among other things, a semiconductor device comprising one or more faceted surfaces and techniques for forming the semiconductor device are provided. A semiconductor device, such as a finFET, comprises a fin formed on a semiconductor substrate. The fin comprises a source region, a channel, and a drain region. A gate is formed around the channel. A top fin portion of the fin is annealed, such as by a hydrogen annealing process, to create one or more faceted surfaces. For example the top fin portion comprises a first faceted surface formed adjacent to a second faceted surface at an angle greater than 90 degrees relative to the second faceted surface, which results in a reduced sharpness of a corner between the first faceted surface and the second faceted surface. In this way, an electrical field near the corner is substantially uniform to electrical fields induced elsewhere within the fin. |
| US09601628B2 |
Semiconductor device having asymmetric fin-shaped pattern
Semiconductor devices are provided including a first fin-shaped pattern having first and second sidewalls facing one another and a field insulating film contacting at least a portion of the first fin-shaped pattern. The first fin-shaped pattern includes a lower portion of the first fin-shaped pattern contacting the field insulating film; an upper portion of the first fin-shaped pattern not contacting the field insulating film; a first boundary between the lower portion of the first fin-shaped pattern and the upper portion of the first fin-shaped pattern; and a first fin center line perpendicular to the first boundary and meeting the top of the upper portion of the first fin-shaped pattern. The first sidewall of the upper portion of the first fin-shaped pattern and the second sidewall of the upper portion of the first fin-shaped pattern are asymmetric with respect to the first fin center line. |
| US09601626B2 |
Semiconductor device including fin structure with two channel layers and manufacturing method thereof
A semiconductor device includes a fin structure protruding from a substrate and having a top face and a first side face and a second side face opposite to the first side face, and first semiconductor layers disposed over the first and second side faces of the fin structure. A thickness in a vertical direction of the first semiconductor layers is smaller than a height of the fin structure. |
| US09601625B2 |
Guard ring structure of semiconductor arrangement
Among other things, one or more semiconductor arrangements and techniques for forming such semiconductor arrangements are provided. A semiconductor arrangement comprises a first guard ring surrounding at least a portion of a device, and a first poly layer formed over the first guard ring. |
| US09601614B2 |
Composite semiconductor device with different channel widths
A device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first constituent transistor including a first plurality of transistor structures in the semiconductor substrate connected in parallel with one another, and a second constituent transistor including a second plurality of transistor structures in the semiconductor substrate connected in parallel with one another. The first and second constituent transistors are disposed laterally adjacent to one another and connected in parallel with one another. Each transistor structure of the first plurality of transistor structures has a lower resistance in a saturation region of operation than each transistor structure of the second plurality of transistor structures. |
| US09601605B2 |
Bipolar junction transistor with improved avalanche capability
A bipolar junction transistor (BJT), which includes a collector layer, a base layer on the collector layer, an emitter layer on the base layer, and a recess region embedded in the collector layer, is disclosed. A base-collector plane is between the base layer and the collector layer. The recess region is may be below the base-collector plane. Further, the recess region and the base layer are a first type of semiconductor material. By embedding the recess region in the collector layer, the recess region and the collector layer form a first P-N junction, which may provide a point of avalanche for the BJT. Further, the collector layer and the base layer form a second P-N junction. By separating the point of avalanche from the second P-N junction, the BJT may avalanche robustly, thereby reducing the likelihood of avalanche induced failures, particularly in silicon carbide (SiC) BJTs. |
| US09601599B2 |
Aspect ratio for semiconductor on insulator
A method comprises forming one or more fins in a first region on an insulated substrate. The method also comprises forming one or more fins formed in a second region on the insulated substrate. The insulated substrate comprising a silicon substrate, and an insulator layer deposited on the silicon substrate. The one or more fins in the first region comprising a first material layer deposited on the insulator layer. The one or more fins in the second region comprising a second material layer deposited on the insulator layer. |
| US09601593B2 |
Semiconductor device structure and method for forming the same
A semiconductor device structure is provided. The semiconductor device structure includes a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device structure includes a gate stack positioned over the semiconductor substrate. The gate stack includes a gate dielectric layer and a gate electrode over the gate dielectric layer. The semiconductor device structure includes spacers positioned over first sidewalls of the gate stack. The spacers and the gate stack surround a recess. The semiconductor device structure includes an insulating layer formed over the semiconductor substrate and surrounding the gate stack. The semiconductor device structure includes a cap layer covering the insulating layer, the spacers, and inner walls of the recess. |
| US09601591B2 |
Method for manufacturing semiconductor device
To provide a transistor in which a channel is formed in an oxide semiconductor and which has stable electrical characteristics. To suppress shift in threshold voltage of a transistor in which a channel is formed in an oxide semiconductor. To provide a normally-off switching element having a positive threshold voltage as an n-channel transistor in which a channel is formed in an oxide semiconductor. A base insulating layer is formed over a substrate, an oxide semiconductor layer is formed over the base insulating layer, a first gate insulating layer is formed over the oxide semiconductor layer, a second gate insulating layer is formed over the first gate insulating layer by a sputtering method or an atomic layer deposition method at a substrate temperature of higher than or equal to 100° C., and a gate electrode layer is formed over the second gate insulating layer. |
| US09601590B2 |
Dual work function buried gate-type transistor, method for forming the same, and electronic device including the same
A transistor includes: a source region and a drain region that are formed in a substrate to be spaced apart from each other; a trench formed in the substrate between the source region and the drain region; and a buried gate electrode inside the trench, wherein the buried gate electrode includes: a lower buried portion which includes a high work-function barrier layer including an aluminum-containing titanium nitride, and a first low-resistivity layer disposed over the high work-function barrier layer; and an upper buried portion which includes a low work-function barrier layer disposed over the lower buried portion and overlapping with the source region and the drain region, and a second low-resistivity layer disposed over the low work-function barrier layer. |
| US09601587B2 |
Semiconductor device having elevated structure
A semiconductor device includes a gate stack overlying a substrate. The semiconductor device further includes a spacer on sidewalls of the gate stack, where a top surface of the spacer is above a top surface of the gate stack. Additionally, the semiconductor device includes a protection layer overlying the gate stack and filling at least a portion of a space surrounded by the spacer above the top surface of the gate stack. Furthermore, the semiconductor device includes a contact hole over the spacer, where the contact hole extends over the gate stack, and where a sidewall of the contact hole has a step-wise shape. |
| US09601585B2 |
Transistor having a wing region
A transistor includes an isolation region surrounding an active region. The transistor also includes a gate dielectric layer over a portion of the active region. The transistor further includes a gate electrode over the gate dielectric layer. The portion of the active region under the gate dielectric layer includes a channel region between a drain region and a source region, and at least one wing region adjoining the channel region. The at least one wing region has a base edge adjoining the channel region. The at least one wing region is polygonal or curved. |
| US09601583B2 |
Hetero-integration of III-N material on silicon
A hetero-integrated device includes a monocrystalline Si substrate and a trench formed in the substrate to expose a crystal surface at a bottom of the trench. Sidewall dielectric spacers are formed on sidewalls of the trench, and a III-V material layer is formed on the crystal surface at the bottom of the trench and is isolated from the sidewalls of the trench by the sidewall dielectric spacers. |
| US09601581B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for producing the same
A semiconductor device of an embodiment includes a p-type SiC layer; a SiC region provided on the p-type SiC layer and containing H (hydrogen) or D (deuterium) in an amount of 1×1018 cm−3 or more and 1×1022 cm−3 or less; and a metal layer provided on the SiC region. |
| US09601578B2 |
Non-planar vertical dual source drift metal-oxide semiconductor (VDSMOS)
A non-planar lateral drift MOS device eliminates the need for a field plate extension, which reduces gate width. In one example, two sources and two comparatively small gates in a raised structure allow for two channels and a dual current with mirrored flows, each traveling into and downward through a center region of a connecting well that connects the substrate with the drain areas and shallow wells containing the source areas, the current then traveling in opposite directions within the substrate region of the connecting well toward the two drains. The source and drain areas may be separate raised structures or isolated areas of a continuous raised structure. |
| US09601577B1 |
Three-dimensionally integrated circuit devices including oxidation suppression layers
A vertically integrated circuit device can include a substrate having a first region reserved for first functional circuits of the vertically integrated circuit device, where the first functional circuits has a substantially constant top surface level across the first region and having a second region reserved for second functional circuits of the vertically integrated circuit device and spaced apart from the first region. The second functional circuits can have a varied top surface level across the second region. A doped oxidation suppressing material can be included in the substrate and can extend from the first region to the second region at an interface of the substrate with the first functional circuits and the second functional circuits, respectively. |
| US09601576B2 |
Nanowire FET with tensile channel stressor
Fin stacks including a silicon germanium alloy portion and a silicon portion are formed on a surface of a substrate. Sacrificial gate structures are then formed straddling each fin stack. Silicon germanium alloy portions that are exposed are oxidized, while silicon germanium alloy portions that are covered by the sacrificial gate structures are not oxidized. A dielectric material having a topmost surface that is coplanar with a topmost surface of each sacrificial gate structure is formed, and thereafter each sacrificial gate structure is removed. Non-oxidized silicon germanium alloy portions are removed suspending silicon portions that were present on each non-oxidized silicon germanium alloy portion. A functional gate structure is then formed around each suspended silicon portion. The oxidized silicon germanium alloy portions remain and provide stress to a channel portion of the suspended silicon portions. |
| US09601575B2 |
Semiconductor device having asymmetrical source/drain
A semiconductor device includes a substrate, an active fin protruding from the substrate, and an asymmetric diamond-shaped source/drain disposed on an upper surface of the active fin. The source/drain includes a first crystal growth portion and a second crystal growth portion sharing a plane with the first crystal growth portion and having a lower surface disposed at a lower level than a lower surface of the first crystal growth portion. |
| US09601573B2 |
Semiconductor device for reducing propagation time of gate input signals
A gate pad is disposed on a semiconductor layer composed of an n+ type substrate, an n− type epitaxial layer, and a p− type body layer. The gate pad is disposed at the center portion of the semiconductor layer as viewed in plan. A plurality of unit cells that compose a trench type MOSFET element are provided in the semiconductor layer. The plurality of unit cells are arranged in the radial direction about the gate pad as viewed in plan. A gate electrode of a unit cell (center-side unit cell) that is proximate to the gate pad is electrically connected to the gate pad. Gate electrodes of unit cells that are adjacent to each other in the radial direction are connected to each other. |
| US09601572B2 |
Semiconductor device for reducing gate wiring length
A gate pad and a source pad are disposed on a semiconductor layer. The gate pad is disposed at the center portion of the semiconductor layer and has the shape of a circle centered on the center of the semiconductor layer as viewed in plan. The source pad is disposed so as to surround the gate pad, and has the shape of a circular ring centered on the center of the semiconductor layer as viewed in plan. A plurality of unit cells that compose a trench type MOSFET element are formed in the semiconductor layer. |
| US09601571B2 |
Nanowire fabrication method and structure thereof
A method of providing an out-of-plane semiconductor structure and a structure fabricated thereby is disclosed. The method comprises acts of: providing a substrate defining a major surface; providing a template layer having a predetermined template thickness on the major surface of the substrate; forming a recess in the template layer having a recess pattern and a recess depth smaller than the template thickness; and epitaxially growing a semiconductor structure from the recess. A planar shape of the recess pattern formed in the template layer substantially dictates an extending direction of the semiconductor structure. |
| US09601569B1 |
Semiconductor device having a gate all around structure
A semiconductor includes a substrate including a first region and a second region, a fin extending in a first direction in the first region of the substrate, wherein the fin includes a first semiconductor pattern and a second semiconductor pattern that are disposed on each other, a first wire pattern extending in a second direction in the second region of the substrate, a first gate electrode disposed on the fin, wherein the first gate electrode extends in a third direction that is different from the first direction, and a second gate electrode surrounding an outer perimeter of the first wire pattern and extending in a fourth direction that is different from the second direction. |
| US09601567B1 |
Multiple Fin FET structures having an insulating separation plug
A semiconductor device includes first and second FETs including first and second channel regions, respectively. The first and second FETs include first and second gate structures, respectively. The first and second gate structures include first and second gate dielectric layers formed over the first and second channel regions and first and second gate electrode layers formed over the first and second gate dielectric layers. The first and second gate structures are aligned along a first direction. The first gate structure and the second gate structure are separated by a separation plug made of an insulating material. The first gate electrode layer is in contact with a side wall of the separation plug. |
| US09601565B2 |
Zig-zag trench structure to prevent aspect ratio trapping defect escape
A semiconductor structure including: trench-defining layer; an epitaxial layer; and a set of defect-blocking member(s). The trench-defining layer includes a trench surface which defines an elongated interior space called the “trench.” The epitaxial layer is grown epitaxially in the interior space of the trench. Each defect blocking member of the set of defect blocking members: (i) extends from a portion of trench surface into the interior space of the trench; and (ii) is located below a top surface of the epitaxial layer. The defect blocking member(s) are designed to arrest the propagation of generally-longitudinal defects in the epitaxial layer, as it is grown, where the generally-longitudinal defects are defects that propagate at least generally in the elongation direction of the trench. |
| US09601560B2 |
Light-emitting device and driving method
In a light emitting device, luminance irregularities caused by fluctuation in threshold of TFTs for supplying a current to EL elements among pixels hinder the light emitting device from improving the image quality. A voltage equal to the threshold of a TFT 110 is held in capacitor means 111 in advance. When a video signal is inputted from a source signal line, the voltage held in the capacitor means is added to the signal, which is then applied to a gate electrode of the TFT 110. Even when threshold is fluctuated among pixels, each threshold is held in the capacitor means 111 of each pixel, and therefore, influence of the threshold fluctuation can be removed. Since the threshold is stored in the capacitor means 111 alone and the voltage between two electrodes is not changed while a video signal is written, fluctuation in capacitance value has no influence. |
| US09601559B2 |
Structure of an organic device, method and apparatus for patterning the same
Embodiments of the present invention provide an AMOLED device having a non-circular base substrate made of crystalline silicon and doped with an impurity, a crystalline silicon layer over the base substrate, multiple pre-defined anode regions having a high pre-defined work-function and made of one or more electrically conductive materials, one or more functional organic layers capable of generating and emitting light and arranged in a predefined pattern of a plurality of emitters. Each emitter has one-to-one mapping to each anode region. The AMOLED device also includes one or more cathode regions adjacent to the one or more functional organic layers. The one or more cathode regions are capable of transmitting the light and have a low pre-defined work-function. The AMOLED device also includes an encapsulation. |
| US09601553B2 |
Organic light-emitting display and method of manufacturing the same
An organic light-emitting display having an improved aperture ratio, the organic light-emitting display including a rear electrode, an opposite electrode, and a pixel electrode between the rear electrode and the opposite electrode. Here, an insulating layer is interposed between the pixel electrode and the rear electrode, wherein the pixel electrode, the insulating layer, and the rear electrode are configured as a capacitor of the organic light-emitting display. In such a structure, as the capacitor is disposed in a light-emitting area where the pixel electrode exists, it is not necessary to provide an additional space for a capacitor, thus improving an aperture ratio of the display. |
| US09601550B2 |
Organic light emitting display device and method of manufacturing the same
An organic light emitting display device may include: a cell array comprising gate lines and data lines intersecting each other on a substrate so as to define a plurality of pixel areas, a plurality of thin film transistors formed at intersections between the gate lines and the data lines to correspond to the plurality of pixel areas, and a protective film evenly formed over the substrate to cover the thin film transistors; a plurality of first electrodes formed such that portions of an metal oxide layer corresponding to emission areas of the respective pixel areas, is made conductive, the metal oxide layer evenly disposed on the protective film; a bank constituting the remaining portion of the metal oxide layer in which the first electrodes are not formed and formed so as to have insulating properties; an emission layer formed over the metal oxide layer; and a second electrode formed on the emission layer so as to face the first electrodes. |
| US09601546B1 |
Scaled cross bar array with undercut electrode
A cross bar array device includes first electrodes arranged adjacent to each other and extending in a first direction, the first electrodes including a main electrode layer and a scalable electrode layer. Second electrodes are arranged transversely to the first electrodes, the second electrodes including a main electrode layer and a scalable electrode layer. An electrolyte layer is disposed between the scalable electrode layers of the first electrodes and the second electrodes. A scalable electrode is formed from a scalable electrode layer and includes an undercut having a side laterally recessed from a width of a corresponding main electrode. |
| US09601543B2 |
Optoelectronic device comprising light-emitting diodes with improved light extraction
An optoelectronic device including a semiconductor substrate having a face, light-emitting diodes arranged on the face and including wired conical or frustoconical semiconductor elements, and an at least partially transparent dielectric layer covering the light-emitting diodes, the refractive index of the dielectric layer being between 1.6 et 1.8. |
| US09601542B2 |
P-N junction optoelectronic device for ionizing dopants by field effect
An optoelectronic device comprising a mesa structure including: a first and a second semiconductor portions forming a p-n junction, a first electrode electrically connected to the first portion which is arranged between the second portion and the first electrode, the device further comprising: a second electrode electrically connected to the second portion, an element able to ionize dopants of the first and/or second semiconductor portion through generating an electric field in the first and/or second semiconductor portion and overlaying at least one part of the side flanks of at least one part of the first and/or second semiconductor portion and of at least one part of a space charge zone formed by the first and second semiconductor portions, upper faces of the first electrode and of the second electrode form a substantially planar continuous surface. |
| US09601538B2 |
Image sensors with photoelectric films
An image sensor with an organic photoelectric film for converting light into charge may be provided. The image sensor may include an array of image sensor pixels. Each image sensor pixel may include a charge-integrating pinned diode that collects photo-generated charge from the photoelectric film during an integration period. An anode electrode may be coupled to an n+ doped charge injection region in the charge-integrating pinned diode and may be used to convey the photo-generated charge from the photoelectric film to the charge-integrating pinned diode. Upon completion of a charge integration cycle, a first transfer transistor gate may be pulsed to move the charge from the charge-integrating pinned diode to a charge-storage pinned diode. The charge may be transferred from the charge-storage pinned diode to a floating diffusion node for readout by pulsing a gate of a second charge transfer transistor. |
| US09601536B2 |
Solid-state image capturing apparatus and camera
A solid-state image capturing apparatus, comprising a plurality of photoelectric conversion portions disposed in a first semiconductor region of a first conductivity type, a first portion of the first conductivity type disposed in the first semiconductor region and configured to supply a first potential to the first semiconductor region, and a second semiconductor region of a second conductivity type configured to receive a second potential, wherein the first portion is disposed between first and second photoelectric conversion portions neighboring each other, and the second semiconductor region is disposed between the first portion and each of the first and second photoelectric conversion portions. |
| US09601532B2 |
Optical filter with Fabry-Perot resonator comprising a plate-shaped wire grid polarizer
The present disclosure is an optical filter which includes: a Fabry-Perot resonator equipped with a laminated structure including one sheet of first metal layer, one sheet of second metal layer, and a dielectric layer; and one sheet of plate-shaped wire grid polarizer. The second metal layer is parallel to the first metal layer, the dielectric layer is interposed between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, the one sheet of plate-shaped wire grid polarizer is embedded in the dielectric layer, the one sheet of plate-shaped wire grid polarizer comprises three or more metal wire layers, the metal wire layers are parallel to one another, and the one sheet of plate-shaped wire grid polarizer is parallel to the first metal layer. In the optical filter according to the present invention, the effective extinction ratio of the wire grid polarizer is increased. |
| US09601530B2 |
Dual active layer semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
Some embodiments include a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a transistor having a gate metal layer, a transistor composite active layer, and one or more contact elements over the transistor composite active layer. The transistor composite active layer includes a first active layer and a second active layer, the first active layer is over the gate metal layer, and the second active layer is over the first active layer. Meanwhile, the semiconductor device also includes one or more semiconductor elements forming a diode over the transistor. The semiconductor element(s) have an N-type layer over the transistor, an I layer over the N-type layer, and a P-type layer over the I layer. Other embodiments of related systems and methods are also disclosed. |
| US09601527B2 |
Thin film transistor array substrate, organic light-emitting display apparatus, and method of manufacturing the thin film transistor array substrate
A thin film transistor array substrate includes a thin film transistor including a first gate electrode, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. A first conductive layer pattern is on a same layer as the source electrode and the drain electrode and formed of a same material as the source electrode and the drain electrode. An insulating layer is on the first conductive layer pattern and has an opening exposing a patterning cross-section of the first conductive layer pattern. A pixel electrode is on the insulating layer and is coupled to the source electrode or the drain electrode through a contact hole passing through the insulating layer. A diffusion prevention layer covers the patterning cross-section of the first conductive layer pattern and inclined side surfaces of the insulating layer exposed through the opening. |
| US09601526B2 |
Display device and manufacturing method thereof
A display device is provided. A substrate includes a thin film transistor. A pixel electrode is connected to the thin film transistor. A common electrode is formed on the pixel electrode. A microcavity including liquid crystal molecules is interposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. A roof layer is formed on the common electrode. The roof layer includes at least one protrusion. A support member is formed under the at least one protrusion and in a column shape. The support member is surrounded by the liquid crystal molecules. An overcoat is formed on the roof layer and a side of the microcavity. |
| US09601523B2 |
Dual gate TFT substrate structure utilizing COA skill
The present invention provides a dual gate TFT substrate structure utilizing COA skill, comprising a substrate (1), a bottom gate (2) positioned on the substrate (1), a bottom gate isolation layer (3) covering the bottom gate (2) and the substrate (1), an active layer (4) positioned on the bottom gate isolation layer (3) above the bottom gate (2), an etching stopper layer (5) positioned on the active layer (4) and the bottom gate isolation layer (3), a source/a drain (6) positioned on the etching stopper layer (5) and respectively contacted with two ends of the active layer (4), color filter (8) positioned on the source/the drain (6) and the etching stopper layer (5), and a top gate (9) positioned on the color filter (8) and contacted with the bottom gate (2); the active layer (4) and the thin film of the previous manufacture process can be effectively protected and the original property and the stability of the active layer (4) and the thin film of the previous manufacture process can be ensured. |
| US09601521B2 |
Liquid crystal display
A liquid crystal display including a plurality of pixels that display an image, each pixel includes a thin film transistor that includes a gate electrode, a source electrode having a bar-shape and partially overlapping the gate electrode, and a drain electrode facing the source electrode at a location corresponding to the gate electrode, the drain electrode includes a first end portion having a C-shape that surrounds a distal end of the bar-shaped source electrode. This design eliminates an overlap between a data line and the gate electrode, which eliminates an overlap between the data line and the channel area of a semiconductor layer, which reduces a parasitic capacitor of the data line, resulting in less current to drive the data line, resulting in reduced power consumption of the display. |
| US09601520B2 |
Thin film transistor array panel and display device including the same
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a panel and a display device including the same, the panel including a substrate, a signal line arranged on the substrate, the signal line configured to transmit a driving signal, an insulating layer arranged on the signal line, and a pixel electrode and a contact assistant arranged on the insulating layer. The contact assistant is electrically connected to a portion of the signal line, the contact assistant includes indium zinc oxide doped with a metal oxide not including indium or zinc, and the metal oxide has a smaller Gibbs free energy than zinc oxide. |
| US09601519B2 |
Thin film transistor and display panel including the same
A thin film transistor is provided, which includes a gate electrode on a substrate; a channel layer overlapping the gate electrode; a dielectric layer between the gate electrode and the channel layer; a source electrode and a drain electrode electrically connecting to the channel layer; a passivation layer overlying the source electrode, the drain electrode, and the gate dielectric layer, wherein the channel layer includes two contact portions being in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode, respectively, and a non-contact portion located between the two contact portions, and wherein one of the two contact portions has a first thickness in a first direction perpendicular to a surface of the substrate, and the non-contact portion has a second thickness less than the first thickness in the first direction. |
| US09601511B2 |
Low leakage dual STI integrated circuit including FDSOI transistors
An integrated circuit, including: a UTBOX layer; a first cell, including: FDSOI transistors; a first STI separating the transistors; a first ground plane located beneath one of the transistors and beneath the UTBOX layer; a first well; a second cell, including: FDSOI transistors; a second STI separating the transistors; a second ground plane located beneath one of the transistors and beneath the UTBOX layer; a second well; a third STI separating the cells, reaching the bottom of the first and second wells; a deep well extending continuously beneath the first and second wells, having a portion beneath the third STI whose doping density is at least 50% higher than the doping density of the deep well beneath the first and second STIs. |
| US09601507B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing semiconductor device
According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes an insulating layer provided on a semiconductor substrate, an opening provided on the insulating layer, a spacer film provided in a side wall of the opening in a stepped shape, and configured to have an etching resistance lower than that of the insulating layer, and a conductive body provided in the opening to be configured to cover the spacer film. |
| US09601506B2 |
Semiconductor structure and method for manufacturing the same
A semiconductor structure is provided. The semiconductor structure comprises a substrate, stacks, a blocking layer-trapping layer-tunneling layer structure, channel layers, a first insulating material and a dielectric layer. The stacks are formed on the substrate. Each stack comprises a group of alternating conductive strips and insulating strips as well as a first string select line formed on the group. The blocking layer-trapping layer-tunneling layer structure and the channel layers are formed conformally with the stacks. The first insulating material is formed between the stacks and covers portions of the channel layers. The dielectric layer is formed on portions of the channel layers that are not covered by the first insulating material. The semiconductor structure further comprises second string select lines formed between the stacks on the first insulating material, wherein the second string select lines are separated from the channel layers by the dielectric layer. |
| US09601494B2 |
Semiconductor devices having a supporter and methods of fabricating the same
Provided are semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same. The semiconductor devices include an interlayer insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate, contact pads on the semiconductor substrate and penetrating the interlayer insulating layer, a stopping insulating layer on the interlayer insulating layer, storage electrodes on the contact pads, upper supporters between upper parts of the storage electrodes, side supporters between the storage electrodes and the upper supporters, a capacitor dielectric layer on the storage electrodes, the side supporters, and the upper supporters, and a plate electrode on the capacitor dielectric layer. |
| US09601488B2 |
Gate-all-around semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same
The disclosed technology generally relates to semiconductor devices and more particularly to a gate-all-around semiconductor device, and methods of fabricating the same. In one aspect, the method comprises providing on a semiconductor substrate between STI regions at least one suspended nanostructure anchored by a source region and a drain region. The suspended nanostructure is formed of a crystalline semiconductor material that is different from a crystalline semiconductor material of the semiconductor substrate. A gate stack surrounds the at least one suspended nanostructure. |
| US09601486B2 |
ESD snapback based clamp for finFET
There is set forth herein a field effect transistor (FET) configured as an ESD protection device. In one embodiment, the FET can be configured to operate in a snapback operating mode. The FET can include a semiconductor substrate, a gate formed on the substrate and a dummy gate formed on the substrate spaced apart from the gate. |
| US09601485B2 |
Reverse-conducting IGBT with buffer layer and separation layer for reducing snapback
In the reverse-conducting IGBT according to the present invention, an n-type buffer layer surrounds a p-type collector layer. A p-type separation layer surrounds an n-type cathode layer. The n-type buffer layer separates the p-type collector layer and the p-type separation layer from each other. The p-type separation layer separates the n-type cathode layer and the n-type buffer layer from each other. Therefore, the present invention makes it possible to reduce snapback. |
| US09601476B2 |
Optoelectronics and CMOS integration on GOI substrate
A method of forming an optoelectronic device and a silicon device on a single chip. The method may include; forming a stack of layers on a substrate in a first and second region, the stack of layers include a semiconductor layer, a first insulator layer, a waveguide, a second insulator layer, and a device base layer; forming the device on the device base layer in the second region; forming a device insulator layer on the device and on the device base layer in the second region; and forming the optoelectronic device in the first region, the optoelectronic device has a bottom cladding layer, an active region, and a top cladding layer, wherein the bottom cladding layer is on the semiconductor layer, the active region is on the bottom cladding layer, and the top cladding layer is on the active region. |
| US09601473B2 |
Power device cassette with auxiliary emitter contact
A press pack module includes a collector module terminal, an emitter module terminal, a gate module terminal, and an auxiliary module terminal. Each IGBT cassette within the module includes a set of shims, two contact pins, and an IGBT die. The first contact pin provides part of a first electrical connection between the gate module terminal and the IGBT gate pad. The second contact pin provides part of a second electrical connection between the auxiliary module terminal and a shim that in turn contacts the IGBT emitter pad. The electrical connection between the auxiliary emitter terminal and each emitter pad of the many IGBTs is a balanced impedance network. The balanced network is not part of the high current path through the module. By supplying a gate drive signal between the gate and auxiliary emitter terminals, simultaneous IGBT turn off in high speed and high current switching conditions is facilitated. |
| US09601470B2 |
Stacked semiconductor device, printed circuit board, and method for manufacturing stacked semiconductor device
A stacked semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor package and a second semiconductor package stacked thereon, and further includes a plate member interposed between the first semiconductor package and the second semiconductor package. The plate member has a plate body, protruding strips protruding toward its edges from the plate body, and leg portions respectively provided on the protruding strips. Each of the leg portions is disposed on a surface, which opposes one surface of a wiring substrate, of the protruding strip, and contacts the one surface of the wiring substrate. Thus, defective connection of connecting terminals due to warping of the wiring substrate and loading inclination of the first semiconductor package is reduced, resulting in an improved yield. |
| US09601466B2 |
Semiconductor package and method of manufacturing the same
Provided is a semiconductor package and a method of making same, including a first package substrate; a first semiconductor chip mounted on the first package substrate and having a first pad and a second pad, wherein the first pad is provided on a top of the first semiconductor chip and the second pad is provided on a bottom of the first semiconductor chip, the bottom being an opposite surface of the top; and a clad metal provided on the first pad and electrically connecting the first semiconductor chip to one of a second semiconductor chip and second package substrate provided on the top of the first semiconductor chip. |
| US09601464B2 |
Thermally enhanced package-on-package structure
In some embodiments, a semiconductor device package may include a semiconductor device package on package assembly. The package on package assembly may include a first package, a second package, and a shield. The first package may include a first surface, a second surface substantially opposite the first surface, a first die, and a first set of electrical conductors coupled to the first surface and configured to electrically connect the package on package assembly. The second package may include a third surface and a fourth surface substantially opposite the third surface, and a second die. The third surface may be coupled to the second surface. The first package may be electrically coupled to the second package. The shield may be applied to the fourth surface of the semiconductor device package assembly. In some embodiments, the shield may transfer, during use, heat from the first die. |
| US09601461B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of forming inverted pyramid cavity semiconductor package
A semiconductor device has a first substrate. A conductive layer is formed over the first substrate. A first cavity is formed through the first substrate and extending to the conductive layer. A first semiconductor die including a plurality of first interconnect structures is disposed in the first cavity. A second substrate is disposed over the first substrate. A second cavity is formed through second substrate. A second semiconductor die including a plurality of second interconnect structures is disposed in the second cavity. A discrete device or third semiconductor die is disposed over the second semiconductor die. A plurality of third interconnect structures is formed between the second substrate and discrete device or third semiconductor die. The first, second, and third interconnect structures are reflowed simultaneously. An encapsulant is deposited over and around the first semiconductor die, the second semiconductor die, and the discrete device or third semiconductor die. |
| US09601460B2 |
Chip package including recess in side edge
A chip package including a semiconductor substrate is provided. A recess is in the semiconductor substrate and adjoins a side edge of the semiconductor substrate, wherein the semiconductor substrate has at least one spacer protruding from the bottom of the recess. A conducting layer is disposed on the semiconductor substrate and extends into the recess. |
| US09601456B2 |
System-in-package module and manufacture method for a system-in-package module
A system-in-package module includes a non-memory chip, a bundled memory, and an encapsulation package material. The non-memory chip has a plurality of pads. The bundled memory includes a first memory die and a second memory die side-by-side formed over a substrate, wherein the first memory die includes a first group of pads and the second memory die includes a second group of pads. The encapsulation package material encloses the non-memory chip and the bundled memory, and the non-memory chip is electronically coupling with the bundled memory through the plurality of pads, the first and the second group of pads. The first group of pads corresponds to the second group of pads by rotating a predetermined degree or by mirror mapping. |
| US09601455B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for making semiconductor device
A semiconductor device includes: a substrate including a base member having a main surface and a back surface facing opposite in a thickness direction; a semiconductor element mounted on the main surface of the substrate and having at least one element pad; a wire having a bonding portion bonded to the element pad; and a sealing resin formed on the main surface of the substrate for covering the wire and at least a portion of the semiconductor element. The semiconductor element has an element exposed side surface that faces in a direction crossing the thickness direction of the substrate and is exposed from the sealing resin. |
| US09601452B2 |
High-conductivity bonding of metal nanowire arrays
A thermally-conductive and mechanically-robust bonding method for attaching a metal nanowire (MNW) array to an adjacent surface includes the steps of: removing a template membrane from the MNW; infiltrating the MNW with a bonding material; placing the bonding material on the adjacent surface; bringing an adjacent surface into contact with a top surface of the MNW while the bonding material is bondable; and allowing the bonding material to cool and form a solid bond between the MNW and the adjacent surface. A thermally-conductive and mechanically-robust bonding method for attaching a metal nanowire (MNW) array to an adjacent surface includes the steps of: choosing a bonding material based on a desired bonding process; and without removing the MNW from a template membrane that fills an interstitial volume of the MNW, depositing the bonding material onto a tip of the MNW. |
| US09601449B2 |
Thin layer deposition apparatus utilizing a mask unit in the manufacture of a display device
A mask unit for depositing a thin layer in a display device. The mask unit includes: a bead mask support which includes a plate; and a bead mask which is placed on the bead mask support. |
| US09601448B2 |
Electrode connection structure and electrode connection method
An electrode connection structure includes: a first electrode of an electrical circuit; and a second electrode of the electrical circuit that is electrically connected to the first electrode. The first and second electrodes are oppositely disposed in direct or indirect contact with each other. A plated lamination is substantially uniformly formed by plating process from a surface of a contact region and opposed surfaces of the first and second electrodes. A void near the surface of the contact region is filled by formation of the plated lamination. Portions of the plated lamination formed from the opposed surfaces of the first and second electrodes in a region other than the contact region are not joined together. |
| US09601442B2 |
Half-mold type mold package
A mold package being a half-mold type includes: a substrate includes a first face and a second face; an electronic component that is mounted on the first face; and a mold resin that is provided on the first face and seals the first face with the electronic component. The second face is exposed from the mold resin. The mold resin is disposed on the first face so as to seal a sealed portion and to expose a remaining part of the first face as an exposure portion. One side face is provided by an end side face. One side face is provided by a boundary side face. At least a site on a lower end of the boundary side face is provided by an inclined face. In the boundary side face, a site on an upper end side is provided by an other inclined face having a second inclination angle. |
| US09601441B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing semiconductor device
An inventive semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip having a passivation film, and a sealing resin layer provided over the passivation film for sealing a front side of the semiconductor chip, a groove formed in a periphery of a surface of the semiconductor chip being tapered toward a rear surface of the semiconductor chip, wherein the sealing resin layer is partly disposed in the groove. |
| US09601439B1 |
Semiconductor structure and manufacturing method thereof
A semiconductor structure includes a substrate, a die disposed over the substrate, and including a die pad disposed over the die and a seal ring disposed at a periphery of the die and electrically connected with the die pad, a polymeric layer disposed over the die, a via extending through the polymeric layer and electrically connected with the die pad, and a molding disposed over the substrate and surrounding the die and the polymeric layer, wherein the seal ring is configured for grounding. |
| US09601437B2 |
Plasma etching and stealth dicing laser process
Consistent with an example embodiment, a method for preparing integrated circuit (IC) device die from a wafer substrate having a front-side with active devices and a back-side, comprises mounting the front-side of the wafer onto protective foil. A laser is applied to saw lane areas on the backside of the wafer, at a first focus depth to define a modification zone; the modification zone defined at a pre-determined depth within active device boundaries and the active device boundaries defined by the saw lane areas. The protective foil is stretched to separate IC device die from one another and expose active device side-walls. With dry-etching of the active device side-walls, the modification zone is substantially removed. |
| US09601408B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device of the present invention includes a semiconductor element having an upper surface and a lower surface, a metal plate thermally connected to the lower surface, an upper surface electrode soldered to the upper surface, an insulating sheet formed on the upper surface electrode so as to be in surface contact with the upper surface electrode, a shielding plate formed on the insulating sheet so as to be in surface contact with the insulating sheet, the shielding plate shielding against radiation noise, and a resin with which the semiconductor element is covered, while a portion of the upper surface electrode, a portion of the shielding plate and a lower surface of the metal plate are exposed to the outside, wherein the heat conductivity of the insulating sheet is higher than the heat conductivity of the resin. |
| US09601401B2 |
Solventless one liquid type cyanate ester-epoxy composite resin composition
The present invention is a solventless one liquid type cyanate ester-epoxy resin composition having high thermal resistance as well as excellent storage stability and curing properties, which contains (A) cyanate ester, (B) epoxy resin, (C) guanidine compounds and (D) at least one kind of phenol compounds selected from a group consisting of phenol compounds represented by the following general formulae. In the general formulae, 1 is an integer selected from 0 to 4, R1 represents an unsubstituted or fluorine-substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group.General formula: |
| US09601400B2 |
Glass/ceramic replacement of epoxy for high temperature hermetically sealed non-axial electronic packages
A high temperature, non-cavity package for non-axial electronics is designed using a glass ceramic compound with that is capable of being assembled and operating continuously at temperatures greater that 300-400° C. Metal brazes, such as silver, silver colloid or copper, are used to connect the semiconductor die, lead frame and connectors. The components are also thermally matched such that the packages can be assembled and operating continuously at high temperatures and withstand extreme temperature variations without the bonds failing or the package cracking due to a thermal mismatch. |
| US09601397B1 |
Microwave probe, plasma monitoring system including the microwave probe, and method for fabricating semiconductor device using the system
Disclosed herein are a microwave probe capable of precisely detecting a plasma state in a plasma process, a plasma monitoring system including the probe, and a method of fabricating a semiconductor device using the system. The microwave probe includes a body extending in one direction and a head which is connected to one end of the body and has a flat plate shape. In addition, in the plasma process, the microwave probe is non-invasively coupled to a chamber such that a surface of the head contacts an outer surface of a viewport of the chamber, and the microwave probe applies a microwave into the chamber through the head and receives signals generated inside the chamber through the head. |
| US09601396B2 |
3D NAND staircase CD control by using interferometric endpoint detection
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods for forming stair-like structures in manufacturing three dimensional (3D) stacking of semiconductor chips. In one example, a method includes performing a trimming process on a substrate to trim a patterned photoresist layer disposed on a film stack from a first width to a second width in a processing chamber, performing an etching process to etch a portion of the film stack exposed by the trimmed patterned photoresist layer, directing an optical signal to a surface of the trimmed patterned photoresist layer continuously during the trimming and the etching process, collecting a return reflected optical signal reflected from the trimmed patterned photoresist layer, determining a change of reflected intensify of the return reflected optical signal as collected; and calculating a photoresist thickness loss based on the change of the reflected intensity. |
| US09601395B2 |
Methods for post-epitaxial warp prediction and control
In one aspect, a method of predicting warp in a plurality of wafers after an epitaxial layer deposition process is provided. The method includes receiving, by a processor, a measured resistivity of a first wafer of the plurality of wafers, receiving, by the processor, a measured shape of the first wafer after at least one of a grinding process and an etching process, and calculating, using the processor, a change in wafer shape during the epitaxial layer deposition process. The method further includes superposing, using the processor, the calculated shape change onto the measured shape of the first wafer to determine a post-epitaxial wafer shape and calculating, using the processor, a post-epitaxial warp value based on the determined post-epitaxial wafer shape. |
| US09601392B1 |
Device characterization by time dependent charging dynamics
A method and device for characterizing a DC parameter of a SRAM device based on TDCD are provided. Embodiments include forming a SRAM test device, the SRAM test device having a top edge and a bottom edge and at least a first and a second S/D contact, a gate contact, and a channel region; inducing an inversion charge in the channel region through the gate contact; scanning the first S/D contact with an ebeam subsequent to inducing the inversion charge; and characterizing at least one DC parameter of the SRAM test device based on a dissipation of the inversion charge between the steps of inducing and scanning |
| US09601388B2 |
Integrated high-K/metal gate in CMOS process flow
A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes providing a semiconductor substrate having a first region and a second region, forming a first dielectric layer over the semiconductor substrate, forming a first metal layer over the first dielectric layer, the first metal layer having a first work function, removing at least a portion of the first metal layer in the second region, and thereafter, forming a semiconductor layer over the first metal layer in the first region and over the at least partially removed first metal layer in the second region. The method further includes removing the semiconductor layer and forming a second metal layer on the first metal layer in the first region and on the at least partially removed first metal layer in the second region, the second metal layer having a second work function that is different than the first work function. |
| US09601386B1 |
Fin isolation on a bulk wafer
A method for forming a semiconductor device includes etching first fins into a bulk semiconductor substrate and exposing a portion of the first fins through a first dielectric layer formed over the first fins. A first film is deposited over the first fins in a region for n-type devices. and a second film is deposited over the first fins in a region for p-type devices. The first film and the second film are etched to form second fins in the regions for n-type devices and for the region for p-type devices. The second fins are protected. The first fins are removed from the first dielectric layer to form an isolation layer separating the second fins from the substrate. |
| US09601382B2 |
Method for the formation of a FinFET device with epitaxially grown source-drain regions having a reduced leakage path
Elongated fins of a first semiconductor material are insulated from and formed over an underlying substrate layer (of either SOI or bulk type). Elongated gates of a second semiconductor material are then formed to cross over the elongated fins at channel regions, and the gate side walls are covered by sidewall spacers. A protective material is provided to cover the underlying substrate layer and define sidewall spacers on side walls of the elongated fins between the elongated gates. The first semiconductor material and insulating material of the elongated fins located between the protective material sidewall spacers (but not under the elongated gates) is removed to form trenches aligned with the channel regions. Additional semiconductor material is then epitaxially grown inside each trench between the elongated gates to form source-drain regions adjacent the channel regions formed by the elongated fins of the first semiconductor material located under the elongated gates. |
| US09601381B2 |
Method for the formation of a finFET device with epitaxially grown source-drain regions having a reduced leakage path
Elongated fins of a first semiconductor material are insulated from and formed over an underlying substrate layer. Elongated gates of a second semiconductor material are then formed to cross over the elongated fins at channel regions, and the gate side walls are covered by sidewall spacers. A protective material is provided to cover the underlying substrate layer and define sidewall spacers on side walls of the elongated fins between the elongated gates. The first semiconductor material and insulating material of the elongated fins located between the protective material sidewall spacers (but not under the elongated gates) is removed to form trenches aligned with the channel regions. Additional semiconductor material is then epitaxially grown inside each trench between the elongated gates to form source-drain regions adjacent the channel regions formed by the elongated fins of the first semiconductor material located under the elongated gates. |
| US09601377B2 |
FinFET formation process and structure
A FinFET and methods for forming a FinFET are disclosed. In a method, first trenches are formed in a substrate. First isolation regions are then formed in the first trenches. An epitaxial region is epitaxially grown between the first isolation regions. A second trench is formed by etching in the epitaxial region, forming a plurality of fins. A second isolation region is formed in the second trench. A structure includes a substrate, a first fin on the substrate, a gate dielectric over the first fin, and a gate electrode over the gate dielectric. The first fin comprises an epitaxial layer having a stacking fault defect density less than 1*104 cm−3. |
| US09601371B2 |
Interconnect structure with barrier layer
Low capacitance and high reliability interconnect structures and methods of manufacture are disclosed. The method includes forming a copper based interconnect structure in an opening of a dielectric material. The method further includes forming a capping layer on the copper based interconnect structure. The method further includes oxidizing the capping layer and any residual material formed on a surface of the dielectric material. The method further includes forming a barrier layer on the capping layer by outdiffusing a material from the copper based interconnect structure to a surface of the capping layer. The method further includes removing the residual material, while the barrier layer on the surface of the capping layer protects the capping layer. |
| US09601369B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of forming conductive vias with trench in saw street
A semiconductor wafer has a plurality of semiconductor die separated by a peripheral region. A trench is formed in the peripheral region of the wafer. A via is formed on the die. The trench extends to and is continuous with the via. A first conductive layer is deposited in the trench and via to form conductive TSV. The first conductive layer is conformally applied or completely fills the trench and via. The trench has a larger area than the vias which accelerates formation of the first conductive layer. A second conductive layer is deposited over a front surface of the die. The second conductive layer is electrically connected to the first conductive layer. The first and second conductive layers can be formed simultaneously. A portion of a back surface of the wafer is removed to expose the first conductive layer. The die can be electrically interconnected through the TSVs. |
| US09601368B2 |
Semiconductor device comprising an oxygen diffusion barrier and manufacturing method
An embodiment of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming an oxygen diffusion barrier on a first surface of a Czochralski or magnetic Czochralski silicon substrate. A silicon layer is formed on the oxygen diffusion barrier. P-doped and n-doped semiconductor device regions are formed in the silicon layer. The method also includes forming first and second load terminal contacts. |
| US09601364B2 |
Low temperature adhesive resins for wafer bonding
A method for adhesive bonding in microelectronic device processing is provided that includes bonding a handling wafer to a front side of a device wafer with an adhesive comprising phenoxy resin; and thinning the device wafer from the backside of the device wafer while the device wafer is adhesively engaged to the handling wafer. After the device wafer has been thinned, the adhesive comprising phenoxy resin may be removed by laser debonding, wherein the device wafer is separated from the handling wafer. |
| US09601358B2 |
Substrate treatment apparatus, and substrate treatment method
The inventive substrate treatment apparatus includes: a rotative treatment control unit which controls a first chemical liquid supplying unit and a second chemical liquid supplying unit to perform a first chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a first chemical liquid to a substrate rotated by a substrate holding and rotating mechanism and a second chemical liquid supplying step of supplying a second chemical liquid to the substrate rotated by the substrate holding and rotating mechanism after the first chemical liquid supplying step; and a cleaning control unit which controls the cleaning liquid supplying unit to spout the cleaning liquid from the cleaning liquid outlet port to supply the cleaning liquid to the cup inner wall and/or the base wall surface before start of the second chemical liquid supplying step after end of the first chemical liquid supplying step, and/or during and/or after the second chemical liquid supplying step. |
| US09601354B2 |
Semiconductor manufacturing for forming bond pads and seal rings
An integrated circuit die includes a first bond pad having a bond contact area at a first depth into a plurality of build-up layers over a semiconductor substrate of the integrated circuit die, having sidewalls that surround the bond contact area, the sidewalls extending from the first depth to a top surface of the plurality of build-up layers, and having a top portion that extends over a portion of a top surface of the plurality of build-up layers. |
| US09601352B2 |
Method of localized annealing of semi-conducting elements using a reflective area
A method of making crystal semi-conducting material-based elements, including providing a support having amorphous semi-conducting material-based semi-conducting elements, the support being further provided with one or more components and with a reflective protective area configured so as to reflect a light radiation in a given wavelength range, exposing the element(s) to a laser radiation emitting in the given wavelength range so as to recrystallize the elements, the reflective protective area being arranged on the support relative to the elements and to the components so as to reflect the laser radiation and protect the components from this radiation. |
| US09601346B2 |
Spacer-damage-free etching
A method of patterning a semiconductor device is disclosed. A tri-layer photoresist is formed over a plurality of patterned features. The tri-layer photoresist includes a bottom layer, a middle layer disposed over the bottom layer, and a top layer disposed over the middle layer, the top layer containing a photo-sensitive material. The top layer is patterned via a photolithography process, the patterned top layer including an opening. The opening is extended into the bottom layer by etching the bottom layer and continuously forming a protective layer on etched surfaces of the bottom layer and on exposed surfaces of the patterned features. The bottom layer is removed. At least some portions of the protective layer remain on the exposed surfaces of the patterned features after the bottom layer is removed. |
| US09601344B2 |
Method of forming pattern for semiconductor device
The present disclosure provides a method including providing a semiconductor substrate and forming a first layer and a second layer on the semiconductor substrate. The first layer is patterned to provide a first element, a second element, and a space interposing the first and second elements. Spacer elements are then formed on the sidewalls on the first and second elements of the first layer. Subsequently, the second layer is etched using the spacer elements and the first and second elements as a masking element. |
| US09601342B2 |
FinFETs with strained well regions
A device includes a substrate and insulation regions over a portion of the substrate. A first semiconductor region is between the insulation regions and having a first conduction band. A second semiconductor region is over and adjoining the first semiconductor region, wherein the second semiconductor region includes an upper portion higher than top surfaces of the insulation regions to form a semiconductor fin. The second semiconductor region also includes a wide portion and a narrow portion over the wide portion, wherein the narrow portion is narrower than the wide portion. The semiconductor fin has a tensile strain and has a second conduction band lower than the first conduction band. A third semiconductor region is over and adjoining a top surface and sidewalls of the semiconductor fin, wherein the third semiconductor region has a third conduction band higher than the second conduction band. |
| US09601338B2 |
Thin film transistor and manufacturing method thereof, array substrate and manufacturing method thereof, and display device
A thin film transistor and a manufacturing method thereof, an array substrate and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device are provided. The array substrate comprises: a base substrate and an electrode arranged on the base substrate. The electrode comprises: an aluminum layer or an aluminum alloy layer on the base substrate; and a first barrier layer arranged on the aluminum layer or the aluminum alloy layer and configured for preventing the aluminum layer or the aluminum alloy layer from producing hillocks. The array substrate can eliminate bad phenomenon that the metal aluminum or aluminum alloy formed on the base substrate produces hillocks when subjected to high temperature. |
| US09601333B2 |
Etching process
A method includes providing a semiconductor substrate; forming a doping oxide layer on the semiconductor substrate; forming a patterning layer on the doping oxide layer, the patterning layer leaving exposed regions of the doping oxide layer; performing a sputtering process to the substrate; and after the sputtering process, performing a wet etching process to the semiconductor substrate to remove the doping oxide layer from the exposed regions. |
| US09601327B2 |
High-power electronic device packages and methods
A high power electronic device package constructed to include a high power electronic device having an epitaxial surface attached to a thermally conductive submount by a thermally conductive interface layer having a eutectic metal contact therein. A gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaN HEMT) having a transistor structure formed of a GaN thin film layer bonded to a thermally conductive host substrate via a thermally conductive interface layer disposed therebetween, and a method of forming the GaN HEMT. The GaN HEMTs can be used in such applications as, for example, power amplifiers with x-band radio frequency (RF) power outputs for micro-radar applications. |
| US09601326B2 |
Method of manufacturing semiconductor device, including film having uniform thickness
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided which includes a step of performing a cycle, a predetermined number of times, to form a film on a substrate, the cycle including non-simultaneously performing: (a) a step of supplying a source gas to the substrate in a process chamber; (b) a step of removing the source gas from the process chamber; (c) a step of supplying a reactive gas having a chemical structure different from that of the source gas to the substrate in the process chamber; and (d) a step of removing the reactive gas from the process chamber, wherein the (d) includes alternately repeating: (d-1) a step of exhausting an inside of the process chamber to depressurize the inside of the process chamber; and (d-2) a step of purging the inside of the process chamber using an inert gas. |
| US09601325B2 |
Aromatic resins for underlayers
Aromatic resin polymers and compositions containing them are useful as underlayers in semiconductor manufacturing processes. |
| US09601322B2 |
Mass spectrometer
A product ion spectrum is created on the basis of MS2 analysis data respectively obtained for a parent compound and a metabolite. Additionally, a neutral loss spectrum, in which the mass of each product ion is replaced with a mass difference between the mass of the product ion and that of a precursor ion, is created. Then, a common peak having the same mass on the neutral loss spectrums of both the parent compound and the metabolite is extracted, and a complementary peak appearing on the product ion spectrum of the metabolite is extracted; this peak appears at a position corresponding to the difference between the mass of the common peak and that of the precursor ion. The ion corresponding to the complementary peak is designated as a precursor ion for the next MS3 analysis, and this MS3 analysis is performed. |
| US09601320B2 |
Method for stabilizing a plasma and an improved ionization chamber
A method for stabilizing a plasma is disclosed. The method includes (a) providing in an ionization chamber a number of high voltage wires and a gas suitable for forming a plasma, and (b) exposing the gas to a high voltage thereby igniting the gas to form the plasma. Upon ignition, the plasma is subjected to an amount of light. A use of the method to generate X-rays is also disclosed. The invention is further directed to an ionization chamber including (a) a gas suitable for forming a plasma, and (b) a number of high voltage wires for exposing the gas to a high voltage thereby igniting the gas to form the plasma. The ionization chamber includes a device for subjecting the plasma upon ignition to an amount of light. The invention relates to an X-ray generator including such ionization chamber and to a laser apparatus including such X-ray generator. |
| US09601318B2 |
Plasma processing method and plasma processing apparatus
A plasma processing method is provided. In the method, a distribution of an amount of processing within a surface of a substrate by a plasma process performed on a film deposited on the substrate is obtained. Next, a flow speed of the plasma processing gas is adjusted by increasing the flow speed of the plasma processing gas supplied to a first area where the amount of processing is expected to be increased or by decreasing the flow speed of the plasma processing gas supplied to a second area where the amount of processing is expected to be decreased. Then, the plasma process is performed on the film deposited on the substrate by supplying the plasma processing gas having the adjusted flow speed into the predetermined plasma process area. |
| US09601315B2 |
Multiple charged particle beam lithography apparatus and multiple charged particle beam pattern writing method
A multiple charged particle beam lithography apparatus includes a weighting coefficient operation unit to operate a plurality of weighting coefficients that assign weights to doses of a plurality of different beams used for multiple pattern writing for each pixel of pixels, the each pixel being used as an irradiation unit region per beam of multiple charged particle beams; a dose operation processing circuitry to operate doses of the plurality of different beams weighted by using a corresponding weighting coefficient among the plurality of weighting coefficients for each of the pixels; and a writing mechanism that writes a pattern on a target object using the multiple charged particle beams such that corresponding pixels are irradiated with the plurality of different beams of the doses weighted respectively. |
| US09601309B2 |
Microscopy imaging method and system
Generally, the present disclosure provides a method and system for improving imaging efficiency for CPB systems while maintaining or improving imaging accuracy over prior CPB systems. A large field of view image of a sample is acquired at a low resolution and thus, at high speed. The low resolution level is selected to be sufficient for an operator to visually identify structures or areas of interest on the low resolution image. The operator can select one or more small areas of arbitrary shape and size on the low resolution image, referred to as an exact region of interest (XROI). The outline of the XROI is mapped to an x-y coordinate system of the image, and the CPB system is then controlled to acquire a high resolution image of only the XROI identified on the low resolution image. For 3D imaging, once the XROI is identified, each section of the sample can be iteratively imaged in the previously described manner, with the operator having the option to redefine the XROI later. |
| US09601308B2 |
Spectroscopic element and charged particle beam device using the same
To analyze an element to be evaluated with high sensitivity and high accuracy in a short period of time, in an electron beam analyzer including a wavelength dispersive X-ray analyzer in an electron microscope. The electron beam analyzer has one diffraction grating in which a plurality of patterns having maximum X-ray reflectance with respect to the respective X-rays are formed. It simultaneously detects an X-ray as an energy reference and an X-ray spectrum to be evaluated. The positional displacement of X-ray energy due to the installation/replacement of the diffraction grating is corrected using the X-ray spectrum as the energy reference, thereby enabling to perform an analysis with high sensitivity and high accuracy in a short period of time. |
| US09601305B2 |
Specimen sample holder for workpiece transport apparatus
An electron microscope specimen sample holder including a thin sheet base member with a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface defining a seat and support surface for a specimen holding film held by the sample holder, the base member including an aperture through the second surface exposing the holding film held by the sample holder, and including a grip engagement zone defined at least on part of the first surface arranged to engage a gripping device, and wherein at least one of the first or second surface has machine readable structures formed thereon arranged in patterns embodying data that defines at least one predetermined characteristic of the sample holder. |
| US09601302B2 |
Inspection apparatus
An inspection apparatus capable of facilitating reduction in cost of the apparatus is provided. The inspection apparatus includes: beam generation means for generating any of charged particles and electromagnetic waves as a beam; a primary optical system that guides the beam into an inspection object held on a movable stage in a working chamber and irradiates the inspection object with the beam; a secondary optical system that detects secondary charged particles occurring from the inspection object; and an image processing system that forms an image on the basis of the detected secondary charged particles. The inspection apparatus further includes: a linear motor that drives the movable stage; and a Helmholtz coil that causes a magnetic field for canceling a magnetic field caused by the linear motor when the movable stage is driven. |
| US09601296B2 |
Low tripping level circuit breakers, tripping units, and methods
Embodiments provide a circuit breaker having a relatively low instantaneous current level at tripping. The circuit breaker includes a tripping mechanism coupled to a moveable electrical contact, the tripping mechanism including a tripping unit having a magnet, a bimetal member extending alongside of the magnet and having a moveable end, and an armature including an engagement portion being moveable as a result of motion the moveable end to trip the circuit breaker upon exceeding an instantaneous current level, and either the armature or the bimetal member includes a non-magnetic separating piece preventing a magnetic short circuit. System and method aspects are provided, as are other aspects. |
| US09601292B2 |
Dual stroke mechanically latched mechanism
A switch for an electrical circuit includes a base, a rotatable cam having a first profile and a second profile, a solenoid, a link, and a member comprising a cam follower configured to follow the second profile. A first cycle of the solenoid includes a first energized state and a first de-energized state and the second cycle of the solenoid includes a second energized state and a second de-energized state. A first portion of the link couples to the solenoid, and a second portion of the link movably couples to the first profile of the cam. When the solenoid is in a first cycle, the member moves from a retracted position to an extended position, and when the solenoid is in a second cycle, the member moves from the extended position to the retracted position. |
| US09601290B2 |
Switching device with several regions of connection
An electromagnetic switching device, with several distinct regions (10, 20, 30, 40), where each region separates and places the terminals and the connection means in an improved form which make easy the identification of the terminals for the user when the contactor is fixed inside the panel; where the first region (10), have function of fixing the contactor on the panel and also houses the electromagnet; a second region (20) comprising the power terminals (21); a third region (30) that houses the auxiliary terminals (31, 32) and the command terminals (33); a fourth region (40)>> that is used for the connection of accessories; the third region presents a clear distinction between auxiliary terminals (31, 32) and command terminals (33), given by the asymmetry created viewed from the top; combined with a proposed uneven disposition X1 and X2 of the command terminals (31, 32) and auxiliary terminals (33) viewed from the front in the same third region. |
| US09601289B2 |
Ground fault circuit interrupter
A ground fault circuit interrupter includes a reset key, a reset mechanism, a conductive assembly configured to connect a power supply input side to a load side, a leakage signal detection circuit, and an electromagnetic tripping mechanism. The reset mechanism comprises a reset support and a support return mechanism. The reset support comprises a reset bracket and a support reset spring. The support return mechanism comprises a reset pole, a reset key spring, a compression spring, a reset block, a compression spring container, a reset slider, and a contact conductive part. The contact conductive part is disposed at a lower end of the reset slider and is configured to align with a position of a switch contact on a first PCB board. A state of contact or separation between the contact conductive part and the switch contact is configured to control an on-off state of the conductive assembly. |
| US09601280B2 |
Micro electromagnetically actuated latched switches
Micro-electromagnetically actuated latched miniature relay switches formed from laminate layers comprising a spring and magnet, electromagnetic coils, magnetic latching material, and transmission line with contacts. Preferably the miniature relay switches transmit up to about 50 W of DC or AC line power, and carry up to about 10 A of load current, with an overall volume of less than about 100 mm3. In addition to switching large power, the device preferably requires less than 3 V to actuate, and has a latching feature that retains the switch state after actuation without the need for external applied voltage or current. |
| US09601272B2 |
Wireless power transmission system and wireless power relay apparatus
A wireless power relay apparatus includes a relay resonator configured to relay power from a source resonator configured to wirelessly transmit the power, to a target resonator configured to wirelessly receive the power through a mutual resonance, the relay resonator having a higher quality factor than the source resonator and the target resonator. |
| US09601271B2 |
Detecting device, power supply system, and detecting device control method
A detecting device includes: a measurement coil made up of a first partial coil to which current in a particular direction is induced by a magnetic field to be supplied to a power reception coil configured to receive power, a second partial coil to which the current in the particular direction is induced by the magnetic field, and a third partial coil, which is disposed between the first and second partial coils, to which current in the opposite direction of the particular direction is induced by the magnetic field; a measurement unit configured to measure the voltage of the measurement coil as measurement coil voltage; and a foreign object detecting unit configured to detect a foreign object within the magnetic field based on the measurement coil voltage. |
| US09601270B2 |
Low AC resistance conductor designs
Described herein are improved configurations for providing a stranded printed circuit board trace comprising, a plurality of conductor layers, a plurality of individual conductor traces on each of the said conductor layers, and a plurality of vias for connecting individual conductor traces on different said conductor layers, the vias located on the outside edges of the stranded trace. The individual conductor traces of each layer may be routed from vias on one side of the stranded printed circuit board trace to vias on the other side in a substantially diagonal direction with respect to the axis of the stranded printed circuit board trace. In embodiments, the stranded printed circuit board trace configuration may be applied to a wireless power transfer system. |
| US09601265B2 |
Wireless power transmission apparatus and direct drive type system including the apparatus
A direct drive type system such as a direct drive type robot is provided. This system includes a rail member, a movable member guided by the rail member and movable along the rail member, and an electric motor to drive the movable member. The system includes a transmission coil and a reception coil. The transmission coil has plural transmission coil segments which are planar coils and arranged on and along the rail member. High-frequency power is supplied to the transmission coil from a power source. The reception coil is arranged on the movable member to be opposed to the transmission coil and configured to an area faced with each of the transmission coil segments, wherein the area is smaller than that of each transmission coil segment. The reception coil receives power from the transmission coil without contact by a magnetic resonance. The received power is supplied to the motor. |
| US09601263B2 |
Wireless power charging pad and method of construction
Systems, methods and apparatus for a wireless power transfer are disclosed. In one aspect a wireless power transfer apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a casing. The apparatus further includes an electrical component housed within the casing. The apparatus further includes a sheath housed within the casing. The apparatus further includes a conductive filament housed within the sheath. The electrical component is electrically connected with the conductive filament. The casing is filled with a settable fluid bound with the sheath to form a structural matrix. |
| US09601262B2 |
Coupled inductor and power converter
A coupled inductor and a power converter includes at least two input ends, an output end, a common magnetic core, at least two first windings, and at least two second windings. The common magnetic core includes at least two magnetic cylinders, and the number of the at least two magnetic cylinders corresponds to the number of the at least two input ends; and one first winding and one second winding are twined in parallel on each cylinder among the at least two magnetic cylinders, and the first windings and the second windings on the at least two magnetic cylinders are mutually connected between the at least two input ends and the output end to form mutually coupled inductances and when currents that flow into the at least two input ends are equal, make the first winding and the second winding on each cylinder generate opposite magnetic potentials. |
| US09601261B2 |
Wireless energy transfer using repeater resonators
Described herein are improved configurations for a device for wireless power transfer that includes a conductor forming at least one loop of a high-Q resonator, a capacitive part electrically coupled to the conductor, and a power and control circuit electrically coupled to the conductor, the power and control circuit providing two or more modes of operation and the power and control circuit selecting how the high-Q resonator receives and generates an oscillating magnetic field. |
| US09601258B2 |
Symmetrical step-up and step-down autotransformer delta topology
A multi-phase autotransformer (10) is disclosed. The exemplary transformer includes primary windings PWA, PWB, PWC) and secondary windings (SWA1-SWA4, SWB1-SWB4, SWC1-SWC4). The primary windings are connected in a delta configuration and to a three-phase input voltage source. Each secondary winding is electrically connected to a primary winding but is magnetically coupled to a different primary winding. Three sets of secondary windings provide three three-phase outputs (350A, 350B, 350C), each of which has a voltage which is less than the three-phase input voltage, the three-phase output of each set being phase-shifted with respect to the other sets. These three sets also, collectively, provide a multi-phase output (325). Another set of secondary windings, in conjunction with the input voltage, provides another multi-phase phase output (360) which has approximately the same voltage as the three-phase input voltage. |
| US09601256B2 |
Wound iron core for static apparatus, amorphous transformer and coil winding frame for transformer
Disclosed is a wound iron core (3) for a static apparatus in which magnetic paths in the inside of the wound iron core are subdivided to improve iron core characteristics. The iron core (3) is configured by using two or more kinds of magnetic materials (11 to 14) with different magnetic permeabilities to form laminated blocks with single plates or a plurality of laminated plates and by alternately arranging the laminated blocks with different magnetic permeabilities from the inner circumference. An iron core material (14) with large magnetic permeability out of iron core materials with different magnetic permeabilities is arranged on the inner circumference side. Further, when the iron core materials with different magnetic permeabilities are alternately arranged, the iron core materials (11) with the same magnetic permeability are configured to gradually change in thickness to ease an excessive magnetic flux density distribution in the iron core. A ring-shaped iron core is configured such that a plurality of block-like laminated members, which are each formed by laminating a plurality of strip-like amorphous material thin plates, are laminated and formed into a ring shape and a sheet-like non-magnetic insulation material is arranged between the n-th (n: an integer of two or more) layer of the ring-shaped block-like laminated members from the most inner circumference side and the (n+1)-th layer of the ring-shaped block-like laminated members from the most inner circumference side. |
| US09601253B2 |
Laminated-type inductance device
Provided is a laminated-type inductance device capable of reducing the number of layers for sandwiching a non-magnetic body layer and enhancing direct-current superposition characteristics without intentionally providing a space. In a conductive pattern, portions of the outer circumferential section thereof adjacent to end surface electrodes are respectively recessed toward the inside of the pattern when viewed from above. In other words, line widths are narrower at the above portions. Further, non-magnetic paste is formed between the end surface electrode and the outer circumferential section of the conductive pattern at each of the portions where the line width is narrower. By applying the non-negative paste in a space between the conductive pattern and the end surface electrode, the portion where the non-magnetic paste is applied has the same function as in a case where the non-magnetic ferrite layer is inserted therein. |
| US09601250B2 |
Magnetic chuck and method for producing a magnetic chuck
The invention is directed to a magnetic chuck and a method for producing a magnetic chuck. The magnetic chuck comprises an upper base made of a single piece of magnetic-conductive material and having a top surface, sidewalls extending orthogonally from the top surface, a cavity formed within the upper base with an open end opposite to the top surface and an opposite closed end directed toward the top surface. A plurality of cores extends orthogonally from the top surface and into the cavity, wherein a plurality of permanent magnets is arranged in the cavity. A reversible magnet is arranged between each of the cores and a lower base; and an excitation coil is arranged around the circumference of each reversible magnet. A portion of the cavity between the permanent magnets and the closed end of the cavity is filled with non-magnetic-conductive material. |
| US09601249B2 |
Soft magnetic metal powder-compact magnetic core and reactor
The objective is to provide a soft magnetic metal powder-compact magnetic core and a reactor with an excellent DC superposition characteristic. The soft magnetic metal powder-compact magnetic core contains a soft magnetic metal powder, boron nitride and a silicon compound, when its section is ground and then observed, the ratio of the area occupied by the soft magnetic metal powder to that of the section of the soft magnetic metal powder-compact magnetic core is 90% or more and 95% or less, and a roundness of the section of 80% or more of the particles constituting the soft magnetic metal powder is 0.75 or more and 1.0 or less, and boron nitride exists in 70% or more of the voids-among-multiple-particles among the voids-among-multiple-particles in the section of the soft magnetic metal powder-compact magnetic core. Thus, the soft magnetic metal powder-compact magnetic core with an excellent DC superposition characteristic can be obtained. |
| US09601247B2 |
Sintered ferrite magnet and its production method
A sintered ferrite magnet comprising main phases of ferrite having a hexagonal M-type magnetoplumbite structure, first grain boundary phases existing between two main phases, and second grain boundary phases existing among three or more main phases, the second grain boundary phases being dispersed in its arbitrary cross section, and the second grain boundary phases having an average area of less than 0.2 μm2, are produced by calcining, pulverizing, molding and sintering raw material powders having the general formula of Ca1-x-yLaxAyFe2n-zCoz, wherein 1−x−y, x, y and z and n representing a molar ratio are in desired ranges; 1.8% or less by mass of SiO2 and 2% or less by mass (as CaO) of CaCO3 being added to a calcined body after calcining and before molding; and the sintering step being conducted with a temperature-elevating speed of 1-4° C./minute in a range from 1100° C. to a sintering temperature, and a temperature-lowering speed of 6° C./minute or more in a range from the sintering temperature to 1100° C. |
| US09601246B2 |
Method of manufacturing magnet, and magnet
A hard magnetic material formed of material powders made of a R—Fe—N compound containing a light rare earth element as R, or material powders made of a Fe—N compound is used as material powders. There is formed a compact in which a density of the hard magnetic material powders differs between an outer face side portion and an inside portion of the compact such that a rate of progress of powder bonding due to microwave heating is higher in the inside portion of the compact than in the outer face side portion of the compact when an outer face of the compact is irradiated with microwaves. Then, the outer face of the compact is irradiated with the microwaves to cause the microwave heating, thereby bonding the hard magnetic material powders by oxide films which are formed on the hard magnetic material powders. |
| US09601240B2 |
High-voltage insulator
A high-voltage insulator has at least two separate insulators that can be joined to create a post and that each have an essentially rotation-symmetrical support tube made of glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin and having an empty internal space, respective top and bottom metallic flanges that surround top and bottom ends of the respective support tube and close the respective tube's empty internal space with an air-tight seal relative to the outer atmosphere, and a shielding of silicone that fits around each support tube. A tubular coupling piece connects the at least two insulators in such a way that the respective empty internal spaces of the at least two insulators form a common gas space and pressure between the spaces is equalized through the coupling piece. |
| US09601239B2 |
Alien crosstalk suppression with enhanced patch cord
Systems and methods for decreasing alien crosstalk use enhanced patch cords for introducing additional attenuation. The enhanced patch cords are preferably shielded to reduce alien crosstalk down their lengths and also attenuate signals passing therethrough to a greater extent than standard communication patch cords. The interaction of two enhanced patch cords results in two suppression steps for alien crosstalk and only one suppression step for intended signal passing through a communication cable. |
| US09601238B2 |
Insulated wire
According to one embodiment, an insulated wire is disclosed. The wire includes a conductor and an insulating film formed on the conductor, the insulating film including a first layer of a first polyamideimide containing an adhesion improver; a second layer of a second polyamideimide obtained by reacting an isocyanate component containing 10 to 70 mol % in total of 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and dimer acid diisocyanate with an acid component; and a third layer of a polyimide obtained by reacting an acid component containing 50 to 90 mol % of 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 5 to 20 mol % of 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and 5 to 40 mol % of pyromellitic anhydride with a diamine component containing 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether. |
| US09601236B2 |
Shielded electrical cable
A shielded electrical cable includes conductor sets extending along a length of the cable and spaced apart from each other along a width of the cable. First and second shielding films are disposed on opposite sides of the cable and include cover portions and pinched portions arranged such that, in transverse cross section, the cover portions of the films in combination substantially surround each conductor set. An adhesive layer bonds the shielding films together in the pinched portions of the cable. A transverse bending of the cable at a cable location of no more than 180 degrees over an inner radius of at most 2 mm causes a cable impedance of the selected insulated conductor proximate the cable location to vary by no more than 2 percent from an initial cable impedance measured at the cable location in an unbent configuration. |
| US09601235B2 |
Hybrid cable with flat power conductors
A cable reduces loop inductance by changing the cross-sectional shape of the conductive elements of power supply and return conductors to something other than the traditional circular cross sectional shape, e.g., to a thin generally rectangular shape. The power supply and return conductors are also controlled in placement along the length of the cable, so that mutual inductance is maximized within a given power supply circuit, and minimized between the given power supply circuit and other power supply circuits within the cable. The return power supply conductor may optionally be sized for multiple power supply circuits, which may further reduce loop inductance and reduce crosstalk noise between different power supply circuits within a common cable. The power supply and return conductors may be part of a hybrid cable used to power and communicate with plural remote radio units proximate a top of a tower. |
| US09601232B2 |
Battery cable insulator
The Battery Cable Insulator (100) is a plastic sleeve (120) into which a battery cable lug is removably inserted. The plastic sleeve (120) is formed of an electrical insulating plastic having a sleeve opening (140). |
| US09601229B2 |
Conductive polymer composite comprising a sulfo group-containing dopant polymer
A conductive polymer composite including a π-conjugated polymer and a dopant polymer contain a repeating unit “a” represented by the following formula (1) and has a weight-average molecular weight with range of 1,000 to 500,000, wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or methyl group; R2 represents a single bond, ether group, ester group, or a linear, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon group having 1-12 carbon atoms and optionally containing an ether group and ester group; R3 represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 1-4 carbon atoms wherein 1 or 2 hydrogen atoms in R3 may be substituted with a fluorine atom; Z represents a phenylene group, naphthylene group, or ester group; and “a” is a number satisfying 0 |
| US09601226B2 |
High-density 3D graphene-based monolith and related materials, methods, and devices
A composition comprising at least one high-density graphene-based monolith, said monolith comprising a three-dimensional structure of graphene sheets crosslinked by covalent carbon bonds and having a density of at least 0.1 g/cm3. Also provided is a method comprising: preparing a reaction mixture comprising a suspension and at least one catalyst, said suspension selected from a graphene oxide (GO) suspension and a carbon nanotube suspension; curing the reaction mixture to produce a wet gel; drying the wet gel to produce a dry gel, said drying step is substantially free of supercritical drying and freeze drying; and pyrolyzing the dry gel to produce a high-density graphene-based monolith. Exceptional combinations of properties are achieved including high conductive and mechanical properties. |
| US09601223B2 |
Anti-scatter grid or collimator
Anti-scatter plates are used to attenuate secondary radiation so that it is not detected by a detector array. However, anti-scatter plates often cast dynamic shadows on the detector array which results in noise in signals produced by the detector array. As disclosed herein, an anti-scatter grid comprises at least two anti-scatter plates. A percentage difference in the shadows cast by the first and the second anti-scatter plates is substantially zero (e.g., causing uniform percentage change in shadows cast on the detector array). Additionally, the shadows that are cast by the anti-scatter plates may be substantially static. In one embodiment, this is accomplished by having a top surface of an anti-scatter plate that has a transverse dimension that is less than a bottom surface of the anti-scatter plate. |
| US09601221B2 |
Opening and closing device for access port that opens to working platform of reactor vessel
An opening and closing device that opens and closes an access port opened from a substantially cylindrical working platform disposed inside a reactor vessel and used to access a nozzle stub of the reactor vessel from the inside of the working platform, the opening and closing device includes: a cover that is slidable along an outer peripheral surface or an inner peripheral surface of the working platform from a closing position where the access port is closed to an opening position where the access port is opened; and moving device for sliding the cover. |
| US09601220B2 |
Earthquake-resistant reinforcement assembly
An earthquake-resistant reinforcement assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a rod of which one end is hinge-coupled to an upper structure; a combination pin which is formed at the other end of the rod and is extended to diametrically cross the rod; and a bracket which is provided on a partition wall of a nuclear reactor containment building and is coupled with the other end, wherein the bracket can withstand a tensile load and a torsional load by including first and second members which face each other and are extended in parallel to load the rod thereon, and groove portions which are formed at the first and second members to be coupled with the combination pin to form the shape of a double bracket. |
| US09601216B2 |
Semiconductor device including redundancy cell array
Provided is a semiconductor device and a manufacturing method thereof. The semiconductor device may include a first cell array, a first fuse circuit, a first spare cell array, a second spare cell array, and a redundancy select controller. The first fuse circuit may be configured to store a first failed address corresponding to one or more defective memory cells in the first cell array. Each of the first and second spare cell arrays may include a plurality of spare memory cells configured to replace first and second defective memory cells in the first cell array, respectively. For replacing the first and second defective memory cells, the redundancy select controller may be configured to selectively assign the first fuse circuit to either one or both of the first and second spare cell arrays. |
| US09601201B2 |
Irreproducible and re-emergent unique structure or pattern identifier manufacturing and detection method, system, and apparatus
An irreproducible and re-emergent unique structure or pattern identifier manufacturing and detection method, system, and apparatus are provided. A non-volatile floating gate charge storage device can include a block of floating gate transistors that can include a semiconductor region, a source region, a drain region, a floating gate region, a tunnel oxide region, an oxide-nitrite-oxide region, and a control gate region. A structure altering stress effect is applied to the block of transistors to create a passage region in a random number of floating gate regions of floating gate transistors which changes charge storage or electrical characteristics of random elements of the block of transistors. The passage region alters charges on a floating gate region to escape in a different manner than pre-alteration form causing the floating gate region to lose its charge. An apparatus for recording and detecting such differences in pre and post alteration can also be provided. |
| US09601200B2 |
TCAM structures with reduced power supply noise
A ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) structure may activate individual groups of subarrays in the TCAM structure, during a non-search mode, at configurable intervals of time. The activating causes the TCAM structure to select locations and sequences in which subarrays of the TCAM structure are activated or deactivated. When activating, the TCAM structure is configured to perform a dummy search within the particular subarray. The activating reduces a change in current during transition between a search mode and the non-search mode. |
| US09601199B2 |
Iterator register for structured memory
Loading data from a computer memory system is disclosed. A memory system is provided, wherein some or all data stored in the memory system is organized as one or more pointer-linked data structures. One or more iterator registers are provided. A first pointer chain is loaded, having two or more pointers leading to a first element of a selected pointer-linked data structure to a selected iterator register. A second pointer chain is loaded, having two or more pointers leading to a second element of the selected pointer-linked data structure to the selected iterator register. The loading of the second pointer chain reuses portions of the first pointer chain that are common with the second pointer chain.Modifying data stored in a computer memory system is disclosed. A memory system is provided. One or more iterator registers are provided, wherein the iterator registers each include two or more pointer fields for storing two or more pointers that form a pointer chain leading to a data element. A local state associated with a selected iterator register is generated by performing one or more register operations relating to the selected iterator register and involving pointers in the pointer fields of the selected iterator register. A pointer-linked data structure is updated in the memory system according to the local state. |
| US09601197B2 |
Memory system and control method
According to one embodiment, there is provided a memory system including a volatile memory and a controller. The volatile memory has 1st to Kth memory banks (K is a natural number equal to or larger than 2) that are kept in a power-on state and (K+1)th to Nthmemory banks (N is a natural number larger than K) whose power state is changed. The power state is the power-on state or a power-down state. The controller performs wake-up operation for the (K+1)th to Nth memory banks in parallel with access operation to the 1st to Kth memory banks. The wake-up operation changes the power state from the power-down state to the power-on state. |
| US09601196B2 |
Resistive change memory including current limitation circuit
A semiconductor integrated circuit includes: first and second wiring lines; resistive change memories disposed intersection regions of the first and second wiring lines; and a control circuit controlling the first and second drivers to select one of the first wiring lines and one of the second wiring lines, the control circuit changing a resistance of the selected one of the resistive change memories from the first resistive state to the third resistive state, and then changing the resistive state of the selected one of the resistive change memories from the third resistive state to the second resistive state. |
| US09601192B2 |
Resistance-change memory having on-state, off-state, and intermediate state
According to one embodiment, a resistance-change memory includes a memory cell and a control circuit. The memory cell comprises first and second electrodes, and a variable resistance layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The control circuit applies a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode to perform writing, erasing, and reading. During the writing, the control circuit applies a first voltage pulse between the first electrode and the second electrode, and then applies a second voltage pulse different in polarity from the first voltage pulse after applying the first voltage pulse. |
| US09601181B2 |
Controlled multi-step de-alignment of clocks
An apparatus for data processing includes first and second functional units driven by corresponding first and second clock-signal sources, and a clock-retardation unit. The clock-retardation unit is configured to cause the second clock-signal to sustain a temporal offset that causes an offset between the first and second clock-signals to step toward a target time-domain offset between the first and second clock-signals. |
| US09601175B2 |
Word line auto-booting in a spin-torque magnetic memory having local source lines
In a spin-torque magnetic random access memory (MRAM) that includes local source lines, auto-booting of the word line is used to conserve power consumption by reusing charge already present from driving a plurality of bit lines during writing operations. Auto-booting is accomplished by first driving the word line to a first word line voltage. After such driving, the word line isolated. Subsequent driving of the plurality of bit lines that are capacitively coupled to the word line causes the word line voltage to be increased to a level desired to allow sufficient current to flow through a selected memory cell to write information into the selected memory cell. Additional embodiments include the use of a supplemental voltage provider that is able to further boost or hold the isolated word line at the needed voltage level. |
| US09601174B2 |
Magnetoelectric device, method for forming a magnetoelectric device, and writing method for a magnetoelectric device
A magnetoelectric device is provided. The magnetoelectric device includes a reference magnetic layer structure having a fixed magnetization orientation, and a synthetic antiferromagnetic layer structure including a free magnetic layer structure and a coupling magnetic layer structure antiferromagnetically coupled to each other, each of the free magnetic layer structure and the coupling magnetic layer structure having a magnetization orientation that is variable, wherein the reference magnetic layer structure and the synthetic antiferromagnetic layer structure are arranged one over the other. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for forming a magnetoelectric device and a writing method for a magnetoelectric device are also provided. |
| US09601173B2 |
Semiconductor system
A semiconductor system includes a first clock channel and a second clock channel. The first clock channel transmits a first clock signal from a controller to a memory. The second clock channel transmits a second clock signal with a phase difference of 90° from the first clock signal, from the controller to the memory. |
| US09601166B2 |
Data shift by elements of a vector in memory
Examples of the present disclosure provide apparatuses and methods for performing shift operations in a memory. An example method comprises performing a shift operation a first element stored in a first group of memory cells coupled to a first access line and a number of sense lines of a memory array and a second element stored in a second group of memory cells coupled to a second access line and the number of sense lines of the memory array. The method can include shifting the first element by a number of bit positions defined by the second element by performing a number of AND operations, OR operations, SHIFT operations, and INVERT operations performed without transferring data via an input/output (I/O) line. |
| US09601163B2 |
Memory module and memory system
A memory module is provided which includes a printed circuit board; first semiconductor packages provided on one surface of the printed circuit board; and second semiconductor packages provided on the other surface of the printed circuit board, the first semiconductor packages and the second semiconductor packages having semiconductor dies that form ranks. A number of the ranks formed by the first semiconductor packages being different from a number of the ranks formed by the second semiconductor packages. Semiconductor packages forming a same one of the ranks receive a chip selection signal in common and semiconductor packages forming other ranks receive a different chip selection signal. |
| US09601156B2 |
Input/output system for editing and playing ultra-high definition image
The present invention relates to an input/output system for an ultra high definition image, and more specifically, to an input/output system for an ultra high definition image that may receive an ultra high definition image signal from an external device, process the signal in real time, and output the processed ultra high definition image signal. For this purpose, a system configured to convert data having various resolutions into UHD data of the present invention includes a content input/output device configured to provide data received from a data providing device to an editing device and provide the data received from the editing device to a content reproducing device, and an editing device configured to convert the data received from the content input/output device into UHD data and provide the result to the content input/output device. |