最新美国发明专利第2010-08-10期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US07773415B2	Flash memory device capable of preventing soft-programming during a read operation and reading method thereof A flash memory device includes a memory block including word lines arranged between a first selection line and a second selection line, the word lines being divided into a first group and a second group, a control logic configured to determine an activation order of the first and second selection lines and determine first and second read voltages to be supplied to unselected word lines, the control logic determining the activation order according to whether a selected word line belongs to the first group or the second group, and a row selection circuit configured to, during a read operation, drive the unselected word lines with the first and second read voltages, and activate the first and second selection lines, according to the control logic.
US07773409B2	Writing method and system for a phase change memory A writing method for a phase change memory is disclosed. The writing method inputs a first writing pulse signal to a phase change memory to heat the phase change memory to above a first temperature and inputting a second writing pulse signal to the phase change memory to keep the phase change memory at a second temperature.
US07773408B2	Nonvolatile memory device Ferromagnetic layers have magnetizations oriented to such directions as to cancel each other, so that the net magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers is substantially zero. That is, the ferromagnetic layers are exchange-coupled with a nonmagnetic layer interposed therebetween, thereby forming an SAF structure. Since the net magnetization of the ferromagnetic layers forming the SAF structure is substantially zero, the magnetization of a recording layer is determined by the magnetization of a ferromagnetic layer. Therefore, the ferromagnetic layer is made of a CoFeB alloy having high uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, and the ferromagnetic layers are made of a CoFe alloy having a high exchange-coupling force.
US07773407B2	8T low leakage SRAM cell This invention discloses a static random access memory (SRAM) cell comprising a pair of cross-coupled inverters connected between a positive supply voltage (Vcc) and a first node, a first NMOS transistor with a gate and drain connected to the first node and a source connected to a ground, and a second NMOS transistor with a drain and source connected to the first node and the ground, respectively, and a gate connected to a control-line.
US07773405B2	Magnetic random access memory and operating method of magnetic random access memory A magnetic random access memory includes: a first and second wirings, a plurality of third wirings, a plurality of memory cells and a terminating unit. The first and second wirings extend in a Y direction. The plurality of third wirings extends in an X direction. The memory cell is provided correspondingly to an intersection between the first and second wirings and the third wiring. The terminating unit is provided between the plurality of memory cells and connected to the first and second wirings. The memory cell includes transistors and a magnetoresistive element. The transistors are connected in series between the first and second wirings and controlled based on a signal of the third wiring. The magnetoresistive element is connected to a wiring through which the transistors are connected. At a time of a writing operation, when the write current 1w is supplied from one of the first and second wiring to the other through the transistors, the terminating unit grounds the other.
US07773404B2	Quantum dot optical devices with enhanced gain and sensitivity and methods of making same Optical and optoelectronic devices and methods of making same. Under one aspect, an optical device includes an integrated circuit an array of conductive regions; and an optically sensitive material over at least a portion of the integrated circuit and in electrical communication with at least one conductive region of the array of conductive regions. Under another aspect, a method of forming a nanocrystalline film includes fabricating a plurality of nanocrystals having a plurality of first ligands attached to their outer surfaces; exchanging the first ligands for second ligands of different chemical composition than the first ligands; forming a film of the ligand-exchanged nanocrystals; removing the second ligands; and fusing the cores of adjacent nanocrystals in the film to form an electrical network of fused nanocrystals. Under another aspect, a film includes a network of fused nanocrystals, the nanocrystals having a core and an outer surface, wherein the core of at least a portion of the fused nanocrystals is in direct physical contact and electrical communication with the core of at least one adjacent fused nanocrystal, and wherein the film has substantially no defect states in the regions where the cores of the nanocrystals are fused.
US07773403B2	Spacer patterns using assist layer for high density semiconductor devices High density semiconductor devices and methods of fabricating the same are provided. Spacer fabrication techniques are utilized to form circuit elements having reduced feature sizes, which in some instances are smaller than the smallest lithographically resolvable element size of the process being used. Spacers are formed that serve as a mask for etching one or more layers beneath the spacers. An etch stop pad layer having a material composition substantially similar to the spacer material is provided between a dielectric layer and an insulating sacrificial layer such as silicon nitride. When etching the sacrificial layer, the matched pad layer provides an etch stop to avoid damaging and reducing the size of the dielectric layer. The matched material compositions further provide improved adhesion for the spacers, thereby improving the rigidity and integrity of the spacers.
US07773402B2	Semiconductor memory apparatus A first signal input circuit outputs a first control signal in response to self-refresh and active signals. A second signal input circuit outputs a second control signal in response to the self-refresh and active signals. The power supply circuit applies a first supply voltage to an output terminal in response to the first control signal. An elevated voltage generator generates a elevated voltage by pumping a second supply voltage, and applies the elevated voltage to the output terminal, in response to the first and second control signals.
US07773399B2	Control apparatus for inhibiting synchronous-rectifier switching elements at low output current in a voltage transforming apparatus The control apparatus for controlling a voltage transforming apparatus having a transformer, power switching elements disposed in a primary side, and synchronous-rectifying switching elements disposed in a secondary side includes a judging circuit making a judgment as to whether or not an output current of the voltage transforming apparatus is smaller than a specified current on the basis of a primary-side current of the transformer and an inhibition circuit inhibiting the synchronous-rectifying switching elements from performing their synchronous-rectifying control operation when the judging circuit judges that the output current is smaller than the specified current. The judging circuit makes the judgment on the basis of the primary-side current flowing through the primary coil of the transformer immediately before the power switching elements are turned off.
US07773398B2	DC power source device with timer controlled synchronous rectifiers in the secondary A DC power source device is provided which comprises conduction detectors 17, 18 for producing detection signals VP1, VP2 during the detective period of rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 and timer circuits 19, 20 connected to polarity detectors 17, 18. Timer circuits 19, 20 count output time of detection signal VP1, VP2 from polarity detectors 17, 18 until electric current through one of rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 comes to zero, and turns the other of rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 off immediately before termination of the counted time so that timer circuits 19, 20 can reliably turn rectification MOS-FETs 15, 16 off during the conductive period of forward current flow for efficient synchronous rectification.
US07773397B2	Method and system of controlling a power inverter Methods and systems for controlling a power inverter are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, a system for converting a direct current into an alternating current may include a switching module, a sensing module, and a control module. The switching module may have an input and an output, and may be operable to receive a direct current at the input and to generate at the output a corresponding alternating current with a desired output characteristic. The sensing module may be coupled to the switching module output, and may be operable to sense a power factor associated with a load coupled to the switching module output. The control module may be coupled to the power inverter and the sensing module, and may be operable to control the desired output characteristic based at least on the sensed power factor.
US07773392B2	Isolated switching power supply apparatus A primary side is provided with an oscillation circuit arranged to turn on a power switch at a constant cycle. The secondary side is provided with an on period control circuit arranged to output an off signal for turning the power switch off by detecting output voltage and comparing with a reference triangle wave signal. An isolated signal transfer circuit is provided between the primary side and secondary side to transfer an on signal. The primary side is provided with a power switch off circuit arranged to turn off the power switch based on the on signal.
US07773391B2	Direct current to direct current converter with single ended transformer and pulse reverse circuit An exemplary DC to DC converter (200) includes a first DC input (210) connected to a first DC power supply; a second DC input (220) connected to a second DC power supply; a transformer (230) including a primary winding (231), a sub-primary winding (232), and a secondary winding (233) for outputting a AC voltage; a pulse reverse circuit (260) including an input for receiving a square pulse and an output for providing the reverse square pulse; a first switch transistor (240) including a source connected to ground, a drain connected to the first DC input via the primary winding, and a gate connected to the output of the pulse reverse circuit; a second switch transistor (250) including a source connected to ground, a drain connected to ground via the sub-primary winding and a capacitor in series, and a gate connected to the output of the pulse reverse circuit.
US07773389B2	Electronic component mounted structure and optical transceiver using the same An electronic component mounted structure has: a circuit board; two semiconductor elements that are mounted on the circuit board; and an AC coupling capacitor that is operable to cut off signals with a predetermined frequency or less and is provided between the two semiconductor elements. The AC coupling capacitor is mounted on the circuit board such that a part or a whole of the AC coupling capacitor is away from the surface of the circuit board.
US07773388B2	Printed wiring board with component mounting pin and electronic device using the same The present invention is to provide a printed wiring board in which malconnection or disconnection caused by a difference between coefficients of thermal expansion of a semiconductor chip and a printed wiring board can be decreased even when a highly-integrated semiconductor apparatus is mounted thereon and an electronic device using the same. An electronic device (4) according to the present invention includes a printed wiring board (1) with a component mounting pin (18) and a surface-mounting type semiconductor apparatus (2) with an electrode pad (3), wherein the component mounting pin (18) has elasticity and is urged against the electrode pad (3) to maintain electric connection.
US07773383B2	Heatsink assembly A heatsink assembly includes a heatsink having a base board which includes fins extending from a top thereof and a recessed area defined in an underside thereof. The recessed area of the heatsink is adapted for engagement with a chip set. A positioning device includes a rectangular frame that is mounted to the heatsink and includes two side plates extending downward from two opposite sides thereof. Each side plate has a hook extending from an inside thereof so as to hook the chip set. Two flexible rods extend from the two opposite sides of the rectangular frame and each flexible rod has a pressing portion which presses on the top of the base board of the heatsink.
US07773378B2	Heat-dissipating structure for expansion board architecture A heat-dissipating structure for the expansion board architecture is provided. A fixing element disposed on the heat-absorbing substrate fixes the motherboard and the first expansion board. The heat-generating elements on the motherboard or the first expansion board are directly in touch with the heat-absorbing surface of the heat-absorbing substrate to absorb their heat. The heat-dissipating board extended from the side of the heat-absorbing substrate then dissipates the heat absorbed by the heat-absorbing substrate. The structure thus solves the problems that existing heat-dissipating structures occupy larger space and therefore cannot be effectively used in an expansion board architecture to dissipate heat produced by the heat-generating elements between the motherboard and the expansion board and that it is likely to have assembly tolerance. Using the structure can reduce the space and the assembly tolerance, but effectively enhance heat dissipation in the expansion board architecture.
US07773376B2	Foldable electronic device An exemplary foldable electronic device includes a first cover, a second cover rotatably coupled to the first cover, a hooking portion, and a latching portion. The second cover defines an engaging hole. The hooking portion is positioned on the first cover, and the latching portion is positioned on the second cover. The hooking portion includes a deformable arm configured to engage in or disengage from the engaging hole of the second cover. The latching portion includes a slidable assembly configured to slide relative to the main body thereby deforming the arm to disengage from the engaging hole.
US07773373B2	Vibration-damping structure for audio apparatus The present invention provides a vibration-damping structure for an audio apparatus, accommodating a main transformer, which becomes a vibration source when driven, the vibration-damping structure including: a main chassis to which a signal processing board for processing an audio signal is attached, the first chassis defining a portion of an outer shape of an assembly of the vibration-damping structure; a sub-chassis fastened to an inner surface of the main chassis so as to be partially in contact with the inner surface of the main chassis via a plurality of fastening members; and a component accommodating chassis fastened to an inner surface of the sub-chassis so as to be partially in contact with the inner surface of the sub-chassis via other fastening members, wherein the main transformer is fixed to the component accommodating chassis.
US07773368B2	Installation adapter for a fuse and method of adapting a fuse for installation A fuse incorporates a fusible element assembly and an auxiliary fusible element assembly in a solid arc extinguishing material configuration. The fusible element assembly has a first operating characteristic and the auxiliary fusible element has a second operating characteristic different than the first operating characteristic. An installation adapter may be used to adapt a fuse to a non-standard mounting for the fuse. The installation adapter may include first and second adapter members that secure to the fuse to provide contacts having an appropriate spatial relationship to engage the non-standard mounting. A fuse and an installation adapter may be packaged as a kit.
US07773366B2	Solid electrolytic capacitor and method of fabricating the same A solid electrolytic capacitor comprising an anode body, a dielectric layer placed on the surface of the anode body, a conductive polymer layer placed on the surface of the dielectric layer, and a housing accommodating at least the anode body, the dielectric layer and the conductive polymer layer, wherein a water-retaining layer having higher water absorption than that of the housing is placed between the conductive polymer layer and the housing.
US07773359B2	Overcurrent protection system and method An overcurrent protection system and method are disclosed. In one embodiment the overcurrent protection system includes a first switch connected between a supply voltage and an output voltage. A comparator circuit provides a comparator output signal having first and second values that depend on a comparison of the output voltage relative to the supply voltage, the first value indicating an overcurrent condition. A control circuit is coupled to provide a control signal to a control node of the first switch for controlling the first switch in one of first and second operating modes according to the value of the comparator output signal. The control circuit controls the first switch in the first mode to limit the current through the first switch to a level between predetermined upper and lower current levels in response to the comparator output signal having the first value. The control circuit activating the first switch to a normally on condition in the absence of the comparator output signal having the first value.
US07773358B2	Output current control and overload protection in digital audio amplifiers Overcurrent and overload protection for the power output of a pulse-width-modulated digital audio system is disclosed. The overcurrent protection circuitry includes a latch that is set in responsive to output current from the power output stage that exceeds an overcurrent threshold; the output of the latch gates the pulse-width-modulated control signal to block power output for the remainder of the current pulse-width-modulated cycle; upon the end of the cycle, or the beginning of the next, the latch is cleared to enable power output in that next cycle. Overload protection is provided by circuitry including counters for counting the relative number of overcurrent cycles to normal, non-overcurrent cycles, and generating an overload signal to block power output in the event of too frequent overcurrent cycles.
US07773348B2	High coercivity hard magnetic seedlayer Methods and apparatus provide improved properties of a hard bias layer of a magnetoresistance sensor. The properties of the hard bias layer are improved by using a multilayer seed structure that includes a chromium-containing layer disposed between two tungsten-containing layers.
US07773346B1	Slider that dynamically adjusts the head-to-disk spacing in a disk drive A disk drive includes a drive circuitry, a storage disk and a slider. The storage disk has a data surface, and the slider magnetically interacts with the storage disk to transmit a signal between the storage disk and the drive circuitry. The slider includes a leading surface, an opposed trailing surface, a data transducer positioned near the trailing surface, and a piezoelectric element. The piezoelectric element receives a driving voltage from the drive circuitry to adjust a distance between the data transducer and the data surface. The piezoelectric element can form a portion of the trailing surface. The slider includes a slider body that forms a portion of the trailing surface, and a portion of the piezoelectric element can be coplanar with the portion of the trailing surface formed by the slider body. Further, at least a portion of the piezoelectric element can be constrained by the slider body. The piezoelectric element can include an exposed surface that is substantially parallel with the leading surface. The slider body can have an element cavity that completely receives the piezoelectric element. In one embodiment, the piezoelectric element has only one substantially planar exposed surface.
US07773345B2	Carriage for disk device A carriage for a disc device, which has a top arm, bottom arm, and mid arm, has a main mode, end arm mode, and mid arm mode as a frequency response obtained when subjected to a vertical shake. In the main mode, all of the top, bottom, and mid arms swing at a first frequency within the same phase in a primary bending mode. In an end arm mode, the top and bottom arms swing at a second frequency higher than the first frequency within opposite phases and with an amplitude larger than that of the mid arm. In the mid arm mode, the mid arm swings at a third frequency having a difference of 50 Hz or less from the second frequency within the same phase as in the main mode, and the top and bottom arms swing within the phase opposite from that in the main mode.
US07773344B1	Suspension having separately optimized torsion stiffness and vertical stiffness A disk drive suspension has laterally separated mount plate cooperating structure of a pair of spaced, left and right hand continued extents defining engagement structures extending into the vertical plane of the suspension hinge portion, and laterally separated beam portion cooperating structure of left and right hand continuations defining cooperating engagement structures also extending into the vertical plane of the hinge portion and overlapping the mount plate extents to block their relative vertical movement in one direction but not the other so that rotation of the beam portion relative to the mount plate is limited by this selective engagement of the cooperating structures, while the hinge portion is untrammeled by the cooperating structures and the suspension has increased torsional stiffness without an increase in suspension vertical stiffness or has a decrease in suspension vertical stiffness without a decrease in torsional stiffness.
US07773339B2	Method and apparatus for a disk clamp used in a hard disk drive that reduces mechanical deformation on at least one disk from tightened screws through the disk clamp Disk clamp including a disk clamp base and a disk clamp platform. Disk pack including at least one disk coupled between disk clamp and spindle motor. Hard disk drive including disk pack mounted on disk base. Manufacturing methods for disk clamp base, disk clamp platform, disk pack and hard disk drive, and these items as products of their manufacturing processes.
US07773338B2	Magnetic disk drive Embodiments of the present invention provide a magnetic disk drive with an enclosure that prevents the low-density gas from leaking out owing to reduction of shrinkage cavities near tapped holes. According to one embodiment of the present invention, an aluminum alloy is forced into the region of the base in which the tapped hole is to be made, by squeezing in the final stage of die casting to form the base. This procedure increases the density of aluminum alloy above 2.7 g/cm3, and the densified aluminum alloy in the region for tapped holes, is free of shrinkage cavities that can cause gas leakage.
US07773335B1	Calibrating servos Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, are described for calibrating servos, and in some implementations for calibrating spiral servos for use in self-servo-write processes. In one aspect, a method is provided that includes determining a measured slope of a spiral, and calibrating radial spacing between servo tracks using the measured slope and a target slope.
US07773332B2	Long hold time sample and hold circuits A sample and hold circuit is disclosed that provides longer hold times. The sample and hold circuit can be used in a disc drive to provide improved read-to-write and write-to-read mode transitions. The sample and hold circuit has an input and an output, and includes at least one capacitive element for retaining a charge. The capacitive element is connected to a node between the input and the output. The sample and hold circuit includes at least one input switch to selectively connect the capacitive element to the input and at least one output switch to selectively connect the capacitive element to the output. In addition, an amplifier is connected to the node and has an offset voltage. In this manner, a voltage drop across at least one of the input and output switches is limited to the offset voltage.
US07773325B2	Timing recovery for data storage channels with buffered sectors A storage channel, e.g., for a disk drive system, may asynchronously sample and buffer an entire sector, and then process the buffered sector to recover timing information. The storage channel may operate in an open-loop and utilize an exhaustive search to determine timing parameters. Alternatively, the storage channel may operative in a closed-loop, processing the sector once, and feeding back information obtained during decoding to the timing loop.
US07773321B2	Lens unit and image pickup apparatus The present invention provides a lens unit including: a first lens group; a second lens group; an optical-path bending member; a movable frame holding the first lens group; a stationary frame holding the movable frame movably in an direction of the first optical axis, and adopted to telescopically house the movable frame therein; and a bending-member moving mechanism for moving the optical-path bending member. When an image is taken, the movable frame protrudes from the stationary frame and the optical-path bending member is arranged at a position so as to bend the first optical axis in the direction of the second optical axis. When the lens unit retracts, the bending-member moving mechanism moves the optical-path bending member to retreat the optical-path bending member from an area where the first lens group to be housed in the stationary frame.
US07773316B2	Optics for an extended depth of field An optical imaging assembly (22) having cylindrical symmetry, comprising a plurality of lenses having surfaces with curvatures and spacings between the surfaces, such that an optical image formed by the plurality of lenses has a defocus aberration coefficient greater than 0.1 at a focal plane of the assembly.
US07773314B2	Laser diode/pre-scan assembly A laser diode/pre-scan assembly associated with a printhead for a laser printer is presented. The laser diode/pre-scan assembly includes a pair of collimation lenses that are de-centered from the axes of a pair of laser beams to direct the pair of beams inwardly in a process direction and into a single pre-scan lens. A corresponding method of constructing a laser diode/pre-scan assembly for a laser printer is also presented.
US07773312B2	Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus having the same A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group of negative refracting power, a second lens group of positive refracting power and a third lens group of positive refracting power, wherein the first and second lens groups are configured to move during a zooming operation, and wherein a focal length of the whole system at a wide-angle end, a focal length of the whole system at a telephoto end, focal lengths of the first, second, and third lens groups, the lateral magnification of the second lens group at the wide-angle end, and the lateral magnification of the second lens group at the telephoto end are appropriately set to assure a zoom lens which is small in the lens whole system size and which provides good optical performance throughout the whole zoom range.
US07773311B2	Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus including the same A zoom lens includes a first lens unit having a negative refractive power, a second lens unit having a positive refractive power, and a rear unit including one or more lens units, which are arranged in order from the object side to the image side. The zoom lens performs zooming by changing distances between the first, second, and rear lens units. A first focusing unit and a second focusing unit which move independently of each other during focusing are provided. The first and second focusing units are adequately set.
US07773309B2	Projection zoom lens device and projection-type display apparatus A projection zoom lens device includes, in order from a magnification side, a negative first group G1 and positive second to fifth groups (G2 to G5) and is configured so that the second group G2, the third group G3, and the fourth group G4 are moved along an optical axis toward the magnification side during zooming from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state. Also, a lens L4, being closest to the magnification side, of the second group G2 is formed of a negative lens, and the fifth group G5 includes a single positive lens.
US07773305B2	Wide-angle lens and image capturing apparatus A wide-angle lens is disclosed that includes a front lens group and a rear lens group that are arranged in order from an object side to an image side with an aperture being arranged between the front lens group and the rear lens group. The front lens group includes at least two lenses arranged toward the object side that have negative powers, and at least one lens arranged toward the image side that has a positive power. The rear lens group includes at least one lens having a positive power. One of the lenses of the front lens group arranged second in order from the object side has a lens face that is arranged into an aspheric surface. The front lens group, the aperture, and the rear lens group make up an image forming system having an angle of view greater than 180 degrees.
US07773301B2	Antireflection film An antireflection film is disposed on a surface of an optical substrate, and consists of first to tenth layers to stacked sequentially from the opposite side to the optical substrate. The first layer, the fourth layer and the ninth layer are low-refractive index layers made of a low-refractive index material exhibiting a refractive index of 1.35 to 1.50 with respect to the d-line. The third layer, the fifth layer, the seventh layer and the tenth layer are intermediate-refractive index layers made of an intermediate-refractive index material exhibiting a refractive index of 1.55 to 1.85 with respect to the d-line.The second layer, the sixth layer and the eighth layer are high-refractive index layers made of a high-refractive index material exhibiting a refractive index that is in a range from 1.70 to 2.50 with respect to the d-line, and that is higher than the refractive index of the intermediate-refractive index material.
US07773300B2	Multiphoton fluorescence filters An optical filter is provided which includes a plurality of hard coating layers of alternating high and low refractive index provided on a substrate and has an associated first transmission band. The filter also includes at least one additional plurality of hard coating layers including high and low refractive index layers and Herpin equivalent layers sandwiched therebetween. The additional plurality of layers has an associated second transmission band that substantially coincides with the first transmission band, but provides additional blocking at wavelengths outside the first transmission band. Relatively wide transmission bands and high blocking over an extended range of wavelengths can be achieved such that the filter is suitable for use in multiphoton fluorescence systems.
US07773299B2	Controlling light transmission in a vehicle with polarization and ellipticity adjustment Light transmission in a vehicle may be controlled using a system that includes a linear polarizing means and an ellipticity increaser associated with a display in the vehicle. The ellipticity increaser is configured and oriented with respect to the linear polarizing means for increasing the ellipticity of light passing from the linear polarizing means through the ellipticity increaser. The system also includes an ellipticity adjuster and a linear polarizer associated with a window of the vehicle. The ellipticity adjuster is oriented with respect to the linear polarizer for increasing the ellipticity of light passing from the linear polarizer through the ellipticity adjuster. The ellipticity increaser and adjuster are disposed between the linear polarizing means and the linear polarizer, and are configured and oriented with respect to each other for reducing ellipticity of light passing from the linear polarizing means through the ellipticity increaser and adjuster to the linear polarizer.
US07773290B2	Control grid increased efficiency and capacity for solar concentrators and similar equipment This invention provides a better means to achieve affordable solar energy. It does so by increasing the efficiency and capacity of control grids (for addressing and alignment) in solar concentrators, and similar equipment. Method and apparatus are described for going from a 25% grid efficiency and capacity to a more than 90% grid efficiency and capacity. The instant invention relates to improvements in the control (addressing and alignment) grid for Solar Energy Concentrators, and similar equipment. The control grid acts to address and align active optical elements such as mirrored balls, electrophoretic, and magnetophoretic cells in solar concentrators [e.g. cf. U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,133,183 and 6,843,573 by M. Rabinowitz]. This invention also reduces the cost of transistor grids by greatly reducing the number of grid junctions and hence the number and cost of transistors. Moreover, the present invention simplifies the grid making it more feasible to use the same voltage supply sequentially to further reduce costs, rather than having multiple voltage sources.
US07773289B2	Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display Methods and systems for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display are provided. In one embodiment, an interferometric modulator display pixel is provided that includes a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) interferometric modulator having an associated first color spectrum, and a color absorber located substantially in front of the interferometric modulator display pixel, in which the color absorber has an associated second color spectrum. The microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) interferometric modulator is operable to shift the first color spectrum relative to the second color spectrum to control a visual brightness of the interferometric modulator display pixel independent of a color of the interferometric modulator display pixel.
US07773288B2	Dynamic image regulator Provided is a dynamic image regulator. The dynamic image regulator is an application device based on a micro-opto-electro-mechanical system (MOEMS). The dynamic image regulator includes a spatial light modulator comprising a plurality of holes and a plurality of controllable movable screens respectively provided at the holes, and transmitting or blocking emitted light for each respective hole; and an amplitude modulator modulating an amplitude of light passing through the spatial light modulator.
US07773284B2	Resonant cavity electrochromic device One exemplary embodiment of an electrochromic device comprises a single cavity Fabry-Pérot filter in which the metal conductive layers forming the cavity are sandwiched by conductive dielectric layers. Another exemplary embodiment of an electrochromic device comprises a dual-cavity Fabry-Pérot filter.
US07773275B2	Apparatus and method to store information in a holographic data storage medium A method is disclosed to store information in a holographic data storage medium. The method provides a hologram comprising an alignment pattern, and disposes that hologram into a holographic data storage medium during manufacture.
US07773274B2	Apparatus and method to store information in a holographic data storage medium A method to store information in a holographic data storage medium, wherein the method supplies a holographic data storage medium comprising an encoded focusing hologram and one or more encoded data holograms. The method disposes the holographic data storage medium in a holographic data storage system such that a moveable imaging lens is disposed at an (i)th position. The method illuminates the encoded focusing hologram to generate an (i)th reconstructed focusing image, projects that (i)th reconstructed focusing image through the moveable imaging lens, and onto said optical detector. The method then calculates an (i)th measured focusing metric, and determines if the (i)th measured focusing metric is greater than or equal to the threshold focusing metric. If the (i)th measured focusing metric is greater than or equal to the threshold focusing metric, then the method decodes the one or more encoded data holograms.
US07773268B2	Print designating method and apparatus, and printing method and apparatus In a digital camera that can perform print designation, a print designation file for writing jobs for printing is prepared in a memory card in which image data is recorded, and information for specifying a file to be printed (FILE_ID), file identifying information for identifying whether the file to be printed is a moving image file or a still image file (FILE_TYPE), and information for specifying a scene to be printed in the moving image if the file to be printed is the moving image file (FRAME_NUM) are stored in the print designation file. A printing device reads the print designation file from the memory card, then takes out the image data to be printed from the memory card in accordance with the read information and executes printing. Thus, it is possible to perform the print designation of the specified image in the moving image without wasting the memory capacity in the recording medium.
US07773267B2	Printing apparatus having scanner function A printing apparatus having a scanner function. The printing apparatus includes: a printing unit to print an image according to an electro-photographic method; a scanning unit which reads image information from a document sheet, and is installed at the upper side of the printing unit to be able to pivot in upward/downward direction; and an upper cover to cover the upper side of the printing unit, wherein the upper cover is pivoted together with the scanning unit so as to open the upper side of the printing unit.
US07773265B2	Image correction apparatus and image correction method An image correction apparatus and method enable correcting an image so that the image is always discernible and at least text can be read regardless of user settings. A correction range that increases the gray level and a correction range that decreases the gray level are calculated for each image to calculate the correction range suitable for the particular image.
US07773263B2	Multimedia pen with image processing module to convert captured images for printing by a printer module A multimedia pen having a plurality of modular components with male and/or female connectors linkable via a four wire serial bus. The pen includes a camera module having an image sensor for capturing an image in an RGB (red, green, blue) color space, along with a central processing module arranged in communication with the camera module, the central processing module having a central processing unit with program memory for storing program steps for execution by the central processing unit to operate the camera module, along with image storage memory for storing the captured image. The pen also includes an image processing module arranged in communication with the image storage memory, the image processing module configured to dynamically convert the stored image from a Lab* color space to a CMY color space. Finally, the pen has a printer module having a drop-on-demand inkjet printhead operatively producing bi-level dots for printing the CMY image on business card-sized media fed through the printer module.
US07773261B2	Setting of color processing parameters for digital imaging apparatus A method of setting color processing parameters for a digital imaging apparatus includes connecting a computer via a communication path to a digital imaging apparatus that produces color image data through color processing performed by a color processing unit on image data taken by an imaging device, setting, in the computer, parameters for use in the color processing, transferring the parameters from the computer to the digital imaging apparatus via the communication path, causing the color processing unit to perform color processing based on the parameters under control of an emulator that operates in the digital imaging apparatus, and storing, in memory, color image data generated by the color processing based on the parameters.
US07773260B2	Image forming apparatus, image forming method, computer program, and recording medium An image processing method is applied for recording an image on a recording medium using a plurality of color materials including a chromatic material and an achromatic material. A total amount of recording of the chromatic material is smaller than a total amount of recording of the achromatic material, and a plurality of monochrome modes including a first monochrome mode and a second monochrome mode are provided, the total amount of recording of the chromatic material being different for each of the monochrome modes. The image processing method includes adjusting the amount of recording of the achromatic material so that a recording density of an image recorded in the first monochrome mode and a recording density of an image recorded in the second monochrome mode become equivalent to each other with respect to the same luminance signal.
US07773250B2	Image forming apparatus, method and computer program product capable of detecting a copy-prohibited manuscript This patent specification describes an image forming apparatus which can effectively check and prevent the unauthorized image processing so that the obtained image data may not be different from the content which a user demands. In one example, an image forming apparatus includes a defining mechanism, a reader, a detector, a comparator, and a notifier. Then, a certain tint block pattern is detected and information of the result is notified effectively.
US07773249B2	Method and system for address recovery in an address printing system A method and system for recovering addresses in an address printing system is provided. A resume marker is set at the current location in the print buffer, used to buffer the addresses for printing, from which the next address will be read for printing. The address in the buffer location preceding the location where the resume marker is set is reprinted. The user can compare the reprinted address to the mail pieces already processed to determine if it is a duplicate. If not a duplicate, the address in the next preceding location can be reprinted. This processing continues until a duplicate address is printed, indicating that the address printing system properly printed all of the previous addresses in the address list up to the point of the duplicate. The print job will then automatically continue from the location where the resume marker was set.
US07773248B2	Device information management system A device information management system has a plurality of managed computers connected with devices. Device information of each device is to be transmitted to a requestor upon request thereby. That is, each of the plurality of managed computers has a data spooler that adds jobs in a data queue. The jobs in the data queue is transmitted to the device one by one. An information requesting system transmits a request command that requests a device to return the device information when the number of jobs in the data queue is equal to or less than a predetermined value. Then, an information receiving system receives the device information returned from the device, which is stored in the storage. The stored device information is transmitted to the requestor in response to inquiry therefrom.
US07773246B2	Printing system and image forming device for printing electronic document and printing method thereof A printing system and an image forming device are provided for printing an electronic document, and an electronic document printing method thereof. The printing system includes an electronic document providing server for providing an electronic document, and a host computer having a first interface for receiving the electronic document from the electronic document providing server, a driver for setting print options and generating printing data according to the set print options when an electronic document print function corresponding to the received electronic document is selected, and a second interface for transferring the generated printing data. The printing system further includes an image forming device for printing the received printing data according to the set print options based upon the electronic document print function. The user can print the electronic document with optimal print quality without having to change the print options of the driver and the image forming device.
US07773245B2	Handheld mobile communications device incorporating a pagewidth printer apparatus A handheld mobile communications device includes a chassis. Mobile communications circuitry and components are mounted on the chassis. A printer apparatus is mounted on the chassis. The printer apparatus has a pagewidth printhead and an ink supply module arranged on the printhead. A print media feed mechanism is mounted on the chassis to feed print media through the printer apparatus.
US07773244B2	Print apparatus, control method thereof, and print system A sensed image is saved in a printer in an environment in which a digital camera can directly communicate with a printer, and the sensed image can be directly printed. A printer and a digital camera (DSC) can be directly connected to each other via a USB interface. Upon this direct connection, the digital camera and printer serve as a print system, and the DSC serves as a user interface in that system. When the user inputs a print instruction of a desired image on the DSC, a print process of that image is executed. When the user inputs a save instruction of a given image, that image is saved in a storage device in the printer. Even when the image is erased on the DSC side, original image data can be prevented from being lost.
US07773240B2	Image forming devices and methods of assisting with maintenance of image forming device consumables Image forming devices and methods of assisting with maintenance of image forming device consumables are described. According to one aspect, an image forming device includes: an image engine configured to utilize a consumable to form hard images; an interface adapted to communicate with a network comprising a plurality of network devices external of the image forming device; and processing circuitry coupled with the image engine and configured to forward a search request to the interface for communication to the network, to receive information regarding the consumable from the plurality of network devices via the interface responsive to the search request, to generate a message including information received from at least one of the network devices, and to control communication of the message.
US07773238B2	Image forming apparatus for reducing time of printing consecutive pages of data and image forming method thereof An image forming apparatus to reduce time required for printing consecutive pages of printing data and an image forming method thereof. The apparatus includes a data processing unit for performing a pre-printing process of received printing data in single page units. A printing unit for printing a first page and performing an after-printing process when there is not a second page or when the pre-printing process of the second page is not complete. A controlling unit for controlling the printing unit to end the after-printing process for the first page when the pre-printing process of the second page is complete.
US07773236B2	Image forming processing circuit and image forming apparatus An image forming processing circuit and an image forming apparatus having a clock stop function of the invention perform, in an image forming processing process, supply of a clock for processing only in a period in which the clock is required and stop the supply of the clock for processing in a period in which the clock for processing is not required. An ASIC itself realizes a low power consumption function (a clock stop function) without requiring control from a CPU or the like as in the conventional sleep function. Thus, it is possible to effectively reduce power consumption of the ASIC compared with that in the past.
US07773235B2	Method and apparatus for vibration detection and vibration analysis, and lithographic apparatus equipped with such an apparatus The invention provides a method for determining vibration-related information by projecting an aerial image at an image position in a projection plane, mapping an intensity of the aerial image into an image map, the image map arranged for comprising values of coordinates of sampling locations and of the intensity sampled at each sampling location, and measuring intensity of the aerial image received through a slot pattern. The method further includes determining from the image map a detection position of a slope portion of the image map, at the detection position of the slope portion, measuring of a temporal intensity of the aerial image and measuring of relative positions of the slot pattern and the image position, the relative positions of the slot being measured as position-related data of the slot pattern and determining from the temporal intensity of the aerial image vibration-related information for said aerial image.
US07773234B2	Means for measuring a working machine's structural deviation from five reference axes Means for measuring a working machine's structural deviation from five reference axes includes a main sensing body bonded with a main axis of the working machine (or controlled to revolve), and a lighting unit set around the main sensing body to circle about the main sensing body with a fixed radius (or the lighting unit radiates a light on the main sensing body from that radial distance and circles along with the main sensing body) such that as soon as the main sensing body has detected an optical signal, it is converted to an error signal informing of the working machine's structural deviation in two or three dimensional displacement.
US07773231B2	Differential pressure measuring system and differential pressure measuring method A differential pressure measuring system includes a light source for emitting a light, a first transducer for attenuating the intensity of the emitted light in a first range, depending on a first pressure, and providing a first light, a second transducer for attenuating the intensity of the first light in a second range, depending on a second pressure, and providing a second light, a feedback circuit for adjusting the intensity of the emitted light to maintain the intensity of the second light in the second range constant, and a measuring module for measuring a differential pressure between the first and second pressures, based on the intensities of the second light in the first and second ranges.
US07773230B2	Interferometric condition assessment system for a microelectronic structure including a semiconductor or free-metal material An improved condition testing system and method includes a structure including a semiconductor material with a target portion and a second portion. The target portion has a first feature when at least one of the following occurs: an external force is received by the second portion of the structure and an internal condition occurs in the target portion. The system and method further has a interferogram shaped and located to produce a first optical interference pattern when the target portion and the interferogram are exposed to non-invasive illumination and when the target portion has the first feature. Further implementations use a second test interferogram spaced apart from the first test interferogram.
US07773229B2	Doppler asymmetric spatial heterodyne spectroscopy A Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne (DASH) spectrometer includes an input aperture for receiving an input light; a collimating lens for collimating the input light into a collimated light; offset establishing means, including at least one grating, for i) receiving and splitting the collimated light into a first light wavefront in a first optical path and into a second light wavefront in a second optical path, ii) establishing an offset in a light wavefront path distance between the first and second optical path light wavefronts, and iii) diffracting and recombining the first and second optical path light wavefronts into an interference wavefront to form an interference image that includes a plurality of phase points of a heterodyned interferogram measured simultaneously over the path distance offset; and an output optics section comprising a detector for receiving the interference image and outputting an interference image pattern.
US07773228B1	Surface plasmon noncontact electric field sensors and related methods A surface-plasmon electric field sensor has a plasmonic portion having an electro-optic dielectric material coated on one side with a transparent conductive layer and on another side with a thin layer of conductive metallic layer. The metallic layer has alternating grating and smooth regions, the smooth regions being of length near a multiple of an effective wavelength of the light in the electro-optic layer, and the grating regions having lines on a pitch near the effective wavelength. The sensor has a light source for illuminating the plasmonic portion with plane-polarized light having a free-space wavelength and a photodetector.
US07773224B2	Spectrum verification imaging system and method A system (200) and method (800) for determining whether a sample object (203) has a color that is within a predetermined range is provided. The system (200) includes a light source (201) capable of projecting lights having different light wavelength spectrum upon the sample object (203). A controller (222) causes the light source (201) to project a first light wavelength spectrum upon the sample object (203), then another, then another, and so forth. While each light is projecting upon the object, a monochromatic image capture device (202) captures an image having luminous intensity information. The luminous intensity information, or a subset thereof selected by an image selection tool (232) is then compared to the statistical range, which is derived from a plurality of images taken of a reference object (403).
US07773223B2	Image scanning apparatus and image scanning method An image scanning apparatus has an organic CMOS image sensor mounted in a base, and a photoreceptive surface of the image sensor is exposed on a top side of the base. A subject is placed directly on the photoreceptive surface, and the subject and the photoreceptive surface are covered up with a cover light-tightly. Thus the image sensor detects only chemiluminescent light from the subject. As for a fluorochrome-labeled subject, the subject placed directly on the photoreceptive surface is irradiated with excitation light from a light source mounted in the cover. The image sensor is provided with a filter for blocking the excitation light from its photoelectric conversion layers, so the image sensor detects only fluorescent rays generated from the excited fluorochrome-labeled subject. The image scanning apparatus needs no redundant space in perpendicular direction to the photoreceptive surface.
US07773218B2	Spatially-registered wavelength coding Embodiments of the present invention relate to systems and methods for spectral imaging. Electromagnetic energy emanating from an object is passed through a first dispersive element, a coded aperture, and a second dispersive element to a detector plane. A wavelength-dependent shift is created by the first dispersive element. The coded aperture modulates the image emanating from the first dispersive element. The wavelength-dependent shift is removed from the modulated image by the second dispersive element producing a wavelength-independent image measured by the detector. A spectral image of the object is calculated from the measured image, a wavelength-dependent shift of the first dispersive element, the code of the coded aperture, and a wavelength dependent shift of the second dispersive element. A spectral image can be calculated from measurements obtained in a single time step and from a number of measurements that is less than the number of elements in the spectral image.
US07773217B2	Probe for tunable laser Raman spectroscopy system A probe of a Raman spectroscopy system has a wavelength and/or amplitude referencing system for determining a wavelength of the excitation signal. Preferably, this referencing system is near an output aperture, through which the excitation signal is transmitted to the sample. In this way, any birefringence or polarization dependent loss (PDL) that may be introduced by optical elements in the system can be compensated for since the wavelength reference system will detect the effect or impact of these elements.
US07773215B2	Digital spectrophotometer and spectrological method A digital spectrophotometer and a spectrologial method for determining spectrum wavelength of an unknown illuminant, and the digital spectrophotometer has a base, an operating assembly and a photographic assembly. The operating assembly is attached to the base and has an operating pedestal, a rotating frame and a spectrometer. The rotating frame is connected rotatably to the operating pedestal. The spectrometer is connected solidly to the rotating frame. The photographic assembly is connected to the operating assembly. The spectrologial method is calculated the diffraction angle α i and the wavelength of the unknown illuminant by putting the parameters into the into the first and second functions.
US07773211B2	Apparatus and method for determining stress in solar cells A method and system as described herein provides for detecting certain anomalies in a wafer. According to one aspect, these anomalies relate to defects or stress that can lead to wafer breakage before, during or after further wafer processing. According to other aspects, the method includes passing polarized light through a wafer and analyzing the transmitted light for any changes in polarization. According to additional aspects, the method includes analyzing the entire wafer in one image capturing operation. According to still further aspects, the light passed through the wafer is below the bandgap for a material such as silicon that comprises the wafer, so that substantially all light will be transmitted through rather than absorbed or reflected by the material. According to still further aspects, the detection operation can be rapid and automatic, so that it can be easily included in an overall processing sequence. According to yet additional aspects, the detection includes analyzing different portions of the wafer differently, for example using different contrast ratios for edge and center portions of the wafer respectively.
US07773208B2	Device and process for measuring the characterisation by reflectometry Embodiments relate to a device for measuring characterisation by reflectometry including a source that emits a light beam, a detector, optics for processing and controlling this light beam so as to focus it on a reflective surface to be measured in the form of a spot and to receive it on the detector, command and acquisition modules, a camera and modules for imaging the spot on the detector and on the camera, wherein the camera is connected to the command and acquisition means so as to automatically focus the spot on the reflective surface to be measured and to automatically conjugate the reflective surface to be measured with the surface of the detector.
US07773206B2	Tank for an optical device for blood analysis, analysis apparatus equipped with such a tank A flow-through tank 300 is suitable for an optical device 120 for the counting and/or differentiation of leucocytes in an automatic blood analysis apparatus 1. The tank has an analysis zone 304, in which the section of the tank has at least one transverse dimension between 1 and 5 millimeters. It can advantageously be produced, at least partially, from an injected plastic material.
US07773205B2	High-resolution three-dimensional imaging radar A three-dimensional imaging radar operating at high frequency e.g., 670 GHz, is disclosed. The active target illumination inherent in radar solves the problem of low signal power and narrow-band detection by using submillimeter heterodyne mixer receivers. A submillimeter imaging radar may use low phase-noise synthesizers and a fast chirper to generate a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) waveform. Three-dimensional images are generated through range information derived for each pixel scanned over a target. A peak finding algorithm may be used in processing for each pixel to differentiate material layers of the target. Improved focusing is achieved through a compensation signal sampled from a point source calibration target and applied to received signals from active targets prior to FFT-based range compression to extract and display high-resolution target images. Such an imaging radar has particular application in detecting concealed weapons or contraband.
US07773200B2	Method and apparatus for a single point scanner The present subject matter include methods and apparatus for creating three dimensional digitized models of at least one ear impression, the apparatus comprising a frame, a linear axis mounted to the frame, the linear axis having an axis of motion, a first spindle axis mounted to the frame, the spindle axis having an axis of rotation, wherein the axis of rotation of the first spindle axis is parallel to the axis of motion of the linear axis, a first scanner mounted to the linear axis, the scanner includes a laser for projecting a narrowly localized spot of laser light at a target mounted on the first spindle axis and a sensor array for receiving at least a portion of the laser light reflected from the target and a controller configured to communicate with the first scanner.
US07773199B2	Methods and systems to compensate for a stitching disturbance of a printed pattern A method and system are provided of using a patterning device. An exemplary method includes defining a first region on a surface, the first region being associated with a first element of the patterning device, defining a second region on the surface, the second region being associated with a second element of the patterning device, activating the first element to expose the overlapping region, and deactivating the second element when the first element is active. The first region and the second region overlap in an overlapping region.
US07773197B2	Illumination optical apparatus, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method An illumination optical apparatus is configured to irradiate a light beam from a light source onto a surface to be irradiated. The illumination optical apparatus includes a first group of prisms which has a plurality of prisms, a second group of prisms which has a plurality of prisms, and a switch of a group of prisms which is capable of switching the first and the second groups of prisms so as to position one of the first and the second groups of prisms in an optical path. An annular ratio of the light beam emitted from one of the first and the second groups of prisms is changed by moving at least one of a plurality of prisms included in one of the first and the second groups of prisms positioned in the optical path in an optical axis direction, and an upper limit of the annular ratio of the light beam emitted from the first group of prisms is equal to or higher than a lower limit of the annular ratio of the light beam emitted from the second group of prisms and is lower than the upper limit of the annular ratio of the light beam emitted from the second group of prisms.
US07773196B2	Projection-optical systems and exposure apparatus comprising same Projection-optical systems are disclosed that reduce OoB radiation doses on the wafer while reducing deterioration of optical properties of the systems. An exemplary system includes a first reflector having a reflectance for light of a second predetermined wavelength, different from light of a first predetermined wavelength, that is less than a predetermined reflectance. The system also includes a second reflector having a reflectance for light of the second wavelength which is greater than the predetermined reflectance. When the reflectors in the system are classified as reflectors having a high percentage of overlap for the reflecting regions corresponding to two different points on the wafer, and reflectors having a low percentage of overlap for the reflecting regions, then, among the reflectors having a lower percentage of overlap for the reflecting regions, the most upstream reflector in the light path of the system is the second reflector.
US07773194B2	Liquid crystal display device The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device with high brightness and high display quality manufactured at low cost without causing the decrease in transmissivity. The liquid crystal display device comprises a gate line GL with a gate electrode GT of thin-film transistor prepared on a first substrate SUB1 and used for applying a scan signal, a gate insulator film GI deposited to cover the gate line, a semiconductor layer nS/S formed in island-like shape on the gate insulator film and to constitute an active layer of the thin-film transistor, a source electrode SD1 and a drain electrode SD2 arranged on the gate insulator film and individually connected to said semiconductor layer, and a pixel electrode PX connected to the drain electrode SD2 wherein the gate line GL and the gate electrode GT, the source electrode SD1, the drain electrode SD2, and the pixel electrode PX are prepared by ink jet coating of a conductive solution in a region enclosed by banks G-BNK, SD-BNK, and P-BNK of the insulator film and by baking. Each of these banks is arranged only in a region where it is concealed by the light shielding film BM on the second substrate SUB2.
US07773193B2	Method of fabricating an LCD device using flexible substrates A jig for a flexible substrate comprises a glass plate having a concave portion and a plurality of grooves at periphery of the concave portion. The jig further comprises a plurality of fixing elements inserted in the plurality of grooves to fix the flexible substrate to the glass plate.
US07773185B2	Thin film transistor array panel and display apparatus having the same A thin film transistor (TFT) array panel and a display device having the same are provided. The TFT array panel includes a substrate, an n−1th and an nth gate line formed on the substrate, a data line intersected with the n−1th gate line, a first source electrode overlapped with at least one portion of the n−1th gate line and connected to the data line, a first and a second drain electrode overlapped with at least one portion of the n−1th gate line and facing the first source electrode, a first sub pixel electrode electrically connected to the first drain electrode, a second sub pixel electrode electrically connected to the second drain electrode, a second source electrode overlapped with at least one portion of the nth gate line and electrically connected to the second sub pixel electrode, a third drain electrode overlapped with at least one portion of the nth gate line and facing the second source electrode, a third source electrode overlapped with at least one portion of the nth gate line, a fourth drain electrode overlapped with at least one portion of the nth gate line and facing the third source electrode, a third sub pixel electrode electrically connected to the fourth drain electrode; and a fourth sub pixel electrode capacitively coupled with the third sub pixel electrode.
US07773184B2	LCD device having a plurality of pixel regions with a conductive layer parallel to the drain lines and connected to a counter electrode and of which is perpendicular to and as an extending portion of a counter voltage signal line of the pixel region The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can enhance a numerical aperture of pixels. A liquid crystal display device includes pixels which are arranged close to each other without having a signal line in a boundary on a substrate, and a counter electrode, an insulation layer and a pixel electrode which generates an electric field between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode which are sequentially stacked in each pixel. The pixel electrode is constituted of a plurality of electrodes which are arranged in parallel in a state that the electrodes are overlapped to the counter electrode and include portions which are arranged close to the pixel electrode of another neighboring pixel. A conductive layer is provided between a boundary portion of the pixels arranged close to each other and between a layer on which the pixel electrode is formed and the substrate. Further the conductive layer is electrically connected with the counter electrode and a height of a surface of the conductive layer from the substrate is set higher than a height of a surface of the counter electrode from the substrate.
US07773182B2	Liquid crystal display device It is an object of the present invention to apply a sufficient electrical field to a liquid crystal material in a horizontal electrical field liquid crystal display device typified by an FFS type. In a horizontal electrical field liquid crystal display, an electrical field is applied to a liquid crystal material right above a common electrode and a pixel electrode using plural pairs of electrodes rather than one pair of electrodes. One pair of electrodes includes a comb-shaped common electrode and a comb-shaped pixel electrode. Another pair of electrodes includes a common electrode provided in a pixel portion and the comb-shaped pixel electrode.
US07773181B2	Liquid crystal display device having data lines and gate lines whose widths stepwisely increase A liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel which has a plurality of data lines, a plurality of gate lines crossing the data lines, and a plurality of liquid crystal cells that are defined by the data lines and the gate lines; a first data driver disposed at an upper side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply data to odd-numbered data lines; a second data driver disposed at a lower side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply data to even-numbered data lines; a first gate driver disposed at a left side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply a scan pulse to odd-numbered gate lines; and a second gate driver disposed at a right side of the liquid crystal display panel to supply a scan pulse to even-numbered gate lines, and wherein at least any one of the data lines and the gate lines has a line width that varies along its length.
US07773179B2	Patterning phase difference plate, production method for patterning phase difference plate, 2D/3D switching type liquid crystal display panel, and 2D/3D switching type liquid crystal display unit First rubbing is performed on an entire surface of an alignment film provided on a substrate, and then a mask part for masking a first region and a region of an alignment mark is formed on the alignment film by using a resist layer. After performing second rubbing on the alignment film through the mask part, the mask part is removed, and a liquid crystal layer is formed on the alignment film. In this way, the alignment mark is formed as a region having an optical function different from an optical function of a region surrounding the alignment mark. Thus, it is possible to produce a substrate having an alignment mark formed without increasing processing steps at such a position as to contact the liquid crystal layer.
US07773178B2	Liquid crystal projector, liquid crystal device and substrate for liquid crystal device Red incident light is reflected on a mirror (19) and linearly polarized by a polarizer (26R). Linearly polarized incident light enters a transmissive liquid crystal device (11R), in which oblique incident light is changed into elliptically polarized light. A retardation compensator (27R) between the liquid crystal device (11R) and an analyzer (28R) has an inorganic form birefringence layer. The retardation compensator (27R) yields birefringence effect to change elliptical polarized light into linearly polarized light. Linearly polarized light from the retardation compensator (27R) can pass the analyzer (28R) without decreasing intensity, and enters a color recombining prism (24). The liquid crystal device (11R) may have the inorganic form birefringence layer. Retardation in green and blue light is also compensated in the same manner. Red, green and blue image light, mixed in the color recombining prism (24), is projected onto a screen 3 by a projection lens system (25).
US07773174B2	Wide viewing angle compensation polarizing plate, liquid crystal panel and liquid crystal display A wide viewing angle compensation polarizing plate of the invention comprises a laminate comprising an optical film (1) that is formed of an obliquely oriented material exhibiting optically-negative uniaxiality, an anisotropic light-scattering film (2) and a polarizer (3). The wide viewing angle compensation polarizing plate can widen viewing angle characteristics both in the lateral and vertical directions with respect to the direction of the normal to the screen when used in liquid crystal displays.
US07773163B2	Reflective liquid crystal display device and projection display apparatus using the same A reflective liquid crystal display device combined with an optical system with a wire grid is provided for light modulation by a liquid crystal layer. This layer, made of nematic liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy, is formed such that first and second orientation directions on first and second substrates are rotated by “60±α” and “60±β” degrees in first and second rotating directions starting from a reference direction, respectively. The first and second rotating directions are mutually opposite, the reference direction is parallel to the first and second substrates and within in an angular range defined by a central angle plus ±5 degrees wherein the central angle is ±45 degrees from an oscillation direction of incident polarized light, and a relationship of \|α\|+\|β\|≦10 (α and β are zero or positive integers) is fulfilled.
US07773162B2	Signing film There is described a signing film wherein provided on a background of the signing film is a decorative printing which forms a security feature and which fluoresces when viewed under UV light. So that the decorative printing which fluoresces under UV light is not to be perceived when viewing the surface of the signing film at different viewing angles in ambient light, it is proposed that the background of the signing film has at least two background layers and between them the decorative printing comprising a lacquer which contains a high-viscosity binding agent and is mixed with pigments which fluoresce under UV light, so that after the printing operation and the drying operation it is of a small layer thickness as a consequence of the high viscosity.
US07773153B2	Frame-based phase-locked display controller and method thereof A frame-based phase-locked display controller used in a display system and method thereof are described. The frame-based phase-locked display controller for displaying a plurality of image frames in a video signal comprises a frame-based phase-locked loop and a synchronization signal generator. The frame-based phase-locked loop receives an oscillating signal and an input vertical synchronous signal to generate an output clock signal by phase-lock loop based on the frames. The synchronization signal generator, coupled to the frame-based phase-locked loop, receives the output clock signal to generate an output horizontal synchronous signal, an output vertical synchronous signal and an output display enable (DE) signal. The frame-based phase-locked loop comprises a first PLL, a frequency synthesizer, a second PLL, a fast phase detector, a phase frequency detector and an active pixel region generator. The active pixel region generator receives an input vertical synchronous signal to generate a reference signal associated with an active pixel region. The frame-based phase-locked loop frame-based phase-locks the display enable signal to the reference signal.
US07773152B2	Method, system, and program product for eliminating error contribution from production switchers with internal DVEs Measurement of the relative timing between images and associated information, for example video and audio. Image mutual event characteristics are recognized in the images and associated mutual event characteristics are recognized in the associated information. The image mutual events and associated mutual events are compared to determine their occurrences, one relative to the other as a measure of relative timing. Particular operation with audio and video signals is described.
US07773149B2	Layout of the optical path in the image capturing system and the method for forming the same The image-capturing system comprises a image-capturing module and a plurality of mirrors, wherein the image-capturing module has a lens and a charge-coupled device (CCD). The image-capturing module is located on about the center in the image-capturing system, and a plurality of mirrors are arranged in the peripheral region within the image-capturing system to make the layout of optical path around the image-capturing module. Furthermore, reflectional angle of each mirror can be adjusted according to the requirement for design, so as to obtain the longest optical path.
US07773147B2	Method for predicting quantity of taking pictures A method for predicting the quantity of pictures that can be taken is applied to a picture-taking function of a digital still camera. Firstly, a lookup table is individually built for different power using operations of a battery according to the operational modes of the picture-taking function. Next, the method looks up the corresponding lookup table according to an obtained battery voltage value of the digital still camera and the operational mode. Finally, a quantity of pictures that can be taken is obtained from the lookup table, and is displayed on a display unit of the digital still camera and is provided to the user. Thereby, the user can change the operational mode to reduce power consumption and take more pictures.
US07773143B2	Thin color camera having sub-pixel resolution A color camera includes at least three sub-cameras, each sub-camera having an imaging lens, a color filter, and an array of detectors, The color camera combines images from the three sub-cameras to form a composite multi-color image, wherein the three sub-cameras include a total number of detectors N and a total number of different color sets X, wherein a first number of signals of a first color set is less than N/X and a second number of signals of a second color set is greater than N/X, signals of the second color set being output from at least two of the three sub-cameras, wherein resolution of a composite image of the second color set is greater than resolution of an individual sub-camera and a resolution of the composite image. Corresponding images of the same color set may be shifted, either sequentially or simultaneously, relative to one another.
US07773140B2	Stereo image-pickup apparatus A stereo image pickup apparatus having a plurality of image pickup units, an input selection unit for executing a selection processing of an input signal, a sensor driving signal generation unit for driving the image pickup units, and a camera signal processing unit for executing camera signal processing of output data of the image pickup units. The plural image pickup units simultaneously execute exposure and the sensor driving signal generation unit executes mask control of the driving signal and makes different the output timing of the image pickup data from the image pickup unit. The camera signal processing of the image data outputted from the image pickup units can be carried out by a smaller number of camera signal processing units than the image pickup units.
US07773139B2	Image sensor with photosensitive thin film transistors An image sensor array includes image sensors having photo TFTs to generate photocurrent in response to received images. The photo TFTs each have their respective gate electrodes and source electrodes independently biased to reduce the effects of dark current. Storage capacitors are coupled to each photo TFT and discharged upon generation of a photocurrent. Each storage capacitor is coupled to a readout TFT that passes a current from the storage capacitor to a data line. The photo TFT may be disposed above the storage capacitor to increase the exposed surface area of the photo TFT.
US07773138B2	Color pattern and pixel level binning for APS image sensor using 2×2 photodiode sharing scheme A color image sensor includes an array of pixels arranged in a plurality of pixel groups, each pixel group including a floating diffusion that is shared by four pixels disposed in a 2×2 arrangement. Each of said four pixels includes a photodetector and a color filter superposed over the photodetector, wherein a first pair of said four pixels include green color, and a second pair of said four pixels includes either red or blue color filters. A control circuit controls the pixel groups such that discrete image information is generated from each pixel in normal light situations, and such that summed image information is generated from each pixel group in low light situations by simultaneously connecting the green pixels to the floating diffusion during a first time period, and simultaneously connecting the red/blue pixels to said floating diffusion during a second time period.
US07773134B2	System and method for canceling dark photocurrent in a color sensor circuit A system and method for canceling dark photocurrent in a color sensor circuit is disclosed. A color sensor is described including a color sensor circuit, a dark color sensor circuit, and a differential amplifier circuit. The color sensor circuit receives photocurrent from a color component of a light input. The color sensor circuit outputs a first voltage indicating intensity of the color component. The dark color sensor circuit receives dark photocurrent and outputs a second voltage indicating an offset voltage. The differential amplifier circuit is coupled to the color sensor circuit and to the dark color sensor circuit. The differential amplifier circuit receives the first and second voltages and outputs a final output that cancels contributions of the offset voltage in the first voltage due to the dark photocurrent.
US07773127B2	System and method for RAW image processing An automated RAW image processing method and system are disclosed. A RAW image and metadata related to the RAW image are obtained from a digital camera or other source. The RAW image and the related metadata are automatically processed using an Operating System service of a processing device to produce a resulting image in an absolute color space. The resulting image is then made available to an application program executing on the processing device through an application program interface with the Operating System service.
US07773126B1	Mosaic image collector including an embedded atomic clock An imaging system includes a camera having a lens and a focal planar array (FPA) for capturing at least one image frame having a plurality of sub-image frames. Each sub-image frame includes multiple pixel values corresponding to photonic intensities of the captured image frame. An embedded atomic clock (EAC) is integrated in one single unit with the camera for providing time code data. A multiplexer combines the multiple pixel values of one sub-image frame with the time code data, and an input/output module provides both, the time code data and the multiple pixel values of the sub-image frame as an output data stream.
US07773117B2	Image stabilizer An image stabilizer includes an image pickup device; a guide device which guides the image pickup device in a manner to allow the image pickup device to move linearly in a plane orthogonal to an optical axis, the guide device and the image pickup device being arranged at different positions in the plane; and a flexible printed wiring board which extends from the image pickup device. The flexible printed wiring board includes an integrally-movable portion which is connected to the image pickup device to move with the image pickup device, and a freely-deformable portion extending from the integrally-movable portion. The flexible printed wiring board is orientated toward the guide device so that a boundary between the integrally-movable portion and the freely-deformable portion is positioned close to the guide device.
US07773112B2	Automatic measurement of video parameters A system and method for automatic measurement of video parameters for a video sequence using a video processor that has a software waveform monitor implemented as an integral part of a video processing application run by the video processor. Each frame of the processed video sequence, either in realtime as processed by the video processor, in near realtime after storage by the video processor in a storage device, or in the background for each video sequence stored in the storage device, is analyzed against specified parameters for legalization and/or color balancing of the video sequence. The analysis results may be reported as a display in several forms—an error image map, an error log, a timeline graphic, etc. The analysis results may also be provided to the video processor for automatic correction of the video sequence when the specified parameters are not satisfied.
US07773111B2	System and method for perceived image processing in a gaze tracking system An embodiment of the present invention provide a system for measuring and modifying at least one model parameter of an object of an image in order to distinguish the object from noise in the image includes a perceived image generator, an image-match function, and a parameter adjustment function. The perceived image generator produces a first perceived image of the object based on the at least one model parameter. The image-match function compares the first perceived image with a real image of the object. The parameter adjustment function adjusts the at least one model parameter so that the perceived image generator produces a second perceived image of the object that more closely matches the real image than the first perceived image.
US07773109B2	Image capture and display device A display device for capturing and displaying images along a single optical axis, having an image capture device for capturing the objective image through the display panel when the display device is in a second transmissive state; an image supply source for providing an image to a display panel when the display panel is in a first display state; a mechanism for alternating placing the display panel between the first display state and second transmissive state such that an image can be viewed on the display screen and the object can be captured such that the alternating between the first display state and the second transmissive state is substantially imperceptible to a user of the display panel; and a mechanism for providing digitally image processing for captured images prior to display.
US07773108B2	Method of maintaining eye contact in video conferencing using view morphing A view morphing algorithm is applied to synchronous collections of video images from at least two video imaging devices, and interpolating between the images, creates a composite image view of the local participant. This composite image approximates what might be seen from a point between the video imaging devices, presenting the image to other video session participants.
US07773106B2	System and apparatus for sending complete responses to truncated electronic mail messages on a mobile device The present invention allows mobile users to send replies to, or to forward, truncated electronic mail messages, and yet still send the entire body of the original electronic mail message, without having to download the entire body of the mail message locally to the mobile device and then re-transmit the entire message from the mobile device.
US07773103B2	Light source control device and method for a display apparatus using pulse width modulation Aspects of the invention can provide a light source control device that controls driving for a light source unit in order to supply light that is modulated in response to an image signal. The light source control device can include an amplitude converting unit that allocates at least one bit of the image signal to conversion of an amplitude of a pulse signal and converts the amplitude of the pulse signal according to an allocated number of bits, and a pulse signal generating unit that generates a pulse signal at the amplitude converted in the amplitude converting unit.
US07773100B2	Extended rotation and sharpening of an object viewed from a finite number of angles A method of continuously rotating a subject object top over bottom over top on a display screen encompasses jumping to a view having a longitude that is 180 degrees from the previous and displaying the image in an up-side-down orientation. Upon pausing, or completing the rotation by releasing the mouse button, a higher resolution image loads and displays thereby improving the sharpness or allowing the user to zoom in on additional detail.
US07773098B2	Virtual reality presentation apparatus and method A virtual reality presentation apparatus (100) has a CPU (101) which controls the overall apparatus, a memory (103) which stores various programs, a memory (104) which stores various data, an HMD (105) as a video display device, and a position and orientation controller (106) having position and orientation sensors (107, 108, 109), which are connected to each other via a bus (102). After a position and orientation required to render a CG scene for one frame are determined, when CG objects are in an interference state immediately before this processing and the difference between the current time and an interference time (128) set upon determining the interference state does not exceed an interference detection skip time (124), CG image generation means (112) generates a CG scene for one frame based on the determined position and orientation without checking if an interference has occurred between the CG objects.
US07773093B2	Method and apparatus for associating the color of an object with an event The present invention provides a method and apparatus for associating the color of an object with an event. In one or more embodiments, the invention takes a streaming or static media and associates an active, dynamic, or static object with an event by its given color. The event may be, for instance the retrieval of a document at a specified URL in a web browser or the retrieval of other information in non-web browser implementations. In one embodiment, the invention defines the color by its mathematical properties. For instance, one embodiment uses the RGB standard which separates the red, green, and blue properties of the color as numerical values. Another embodiment also uses the HSV characteristics of the color, which define hue, saturation, and value as components of color. Another embodiment uses both RGB and HSV characteristics.
US07773092B1	Texture map coverage optimization The current invention involves new systems and methods for increasing texture filtering performance based on pixel coverage. When half of the pixels in a 2×2 pixel quad are not covered, texel coordinates for the uncovered pixels are not output. Therefore, the texels for the uncovered pixels are not read or processed, allowing the texel filtering processing throughput to be used to produce filtered results for covered pixels. This optimization is particularly useful when anisotropic filtering is used since the number of texels needed to produce a filtered result for a pixel increases as the anisotropic ratio increases. Elimination of unnecessary texel processing for uncovered pixels may improve texture filtering performance.
US07773091B2	Method and device for generating a synthesized image of at least one fringe of lashes A method for simulating the appearance of at least one fringe of lashes may include generating, based on at least one value of at least one simulation parameter that is modifiable by a user, at least one 3D image of the at least one fringe of lashes. The at least one 3D image may be generated from a multizone simulation of the fringe. The multizone simulation may allow the user to define values of simulation parameters specific to at least two different zones of the at least one fringe of lashes.
US07773084B2	Image display device, image display panel, panel drive device, and method of driving image display panel In the present invention, during an 1H period excluding a blanking period (1HB) constituting a line display period, pixel data pulses of RGB (61B to 61R) are successively supplied for each color to corresponding signal lines for the color display of one pixel line. A control circuit (40) of select switches connected to the signal lines (6-1 to 6-n) supplies permission pulses (63B to 63R) for the supply of data to signal lines when displaying one color among RGB to select switches (TMG), and turns on the select switch (TMG) of the signal line corresponding to another color to be displayed later in the same line display period during the period of this application by a precharge pulse (62G or 62R) having a time duration shorter than the supply time of the pixel data of the other color (T2 or T3) to previously precharge the signal line of the other color to the predetermined potential. Due to this, sufficient precharging of a signal line, which became difficult due to an increase of a load capacitance of the signal line due to higher definition of the image display device and an increase in the speed of a drive clock thereof, can be achieved.
US07773082B2	Display device and controlling method thereof A conventional setting voltage was a value with an estimated margin of a characteristic change of a light emitting element. Therefore, a voltage between the source and drain of a driver transistor Vds had to be set high (Vds≧Vgs−VTh+a). This caused high heat generation and power consumption because a voltage applied to the light emitting element. The invention is characterized by feedbacking a change in a current value in accordance with the deterioration of a light emitting element and a power source voltage controller which modifies a setting voltage. Namely, according to the invention, the setting voltage is to be set in the vicinity of the boundary (critical part) between a saturation region and a linear region, and a voltage margin for the deterioration is not required particularly for an initial setting voltage.
US07773081B2	Methods and apparatus for efficiently operating fluorescent lamps Methods and apparatus are provided for improving the efficiency of a fluorescent lamp suitable for use as a backlight in an avionics or other liquid crystal display (LCD). The apparatus includes a channel configured confine a vaporous material that produces an ultra-violet light when electrically excited. A first electrode and a second electrode assembly disposed within the channel and configured to apply an electrical potential across at least a portion of the channel to electrically excite the vaporous material. Control circuitry is configured to provide control signals to the first and second electrodes to apply the electrical potential in a manner that produces a mean electron energy that substantially maximizes probabilities of collisions between electrons and particles that that produce more emissions in the light-producing channel having wavelengths substantially less than 400 nm than emissions having wavelengths greater than 800 nm.
US07773080B2	Display device and the driving method which restricts electric power A plurality of organic EL elements which are arranged on a display panel lowers the brightness along with a lapse of light emitting time and hence, the power consumption is increased to maintain the brightness. However, the increase of the power consumption shortens a lifetime of the organic EL elements. To overcome this drawback, a power supply circuit which drives the display panel has a function of controlling an electric power supplied to the display panel to a fixed value or less in response to a detection signal from a detection part which detects a cathode current of the organic EL elements.
US07773078B2	Information detection device and information detection display device An information detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: light sensing units generating photocurrents according to light amount and outputting sensor data signals based on the photocurrent; sensor scanning lines receiving sensor scanning signals from a sensor scanning driver and controlling the output of the sensor data signals from the light sensing units; sensor data lines transmitting the sensor data signals from the light sensing units; and a sensing signal processor receiving the sensor data signals from the sensor data lines at input terminals, wherein the number of the input terminals of the sensing signal processor is less than the number of the sensor data lines.
US07773077B2	Display apparatus and drive control method thereof A display apparatus is disclosed. A display panel includes a plurality of display pixels arranged at intersections of a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines. A scanning drive unit sequentially applies a scanning signal to each of the scanning lines and sets the corresponding display pixels to a selection state. A data drive unit generates a gradation signal corresponding to the display data and supplies the gradation signal to the display pixels. A power source drive unit supplies to the display pixels a drive voltage for controlling a drive state of each of the display pixels. A drive control unit controls the power source drive unit to operate to set the display pixels to a non-display operation state during a non-display period, and controls the scanning drive unit to operate to set the display pixels to the selection state during the non-display period.
US07773076B2	Electronic pen holding Motion of a writing instrument is tracked from sensors located in the vicinity. The signals generated from the sensors are processed and used in a wide variety of ways.
US07773073B2	Operation equipment and operation system The subject of the present invention is for offering an operation equipment and an operation system that can select directly either of a plurality of indication keys arranged on an operation screen according to posture of an equipment. An inclination of operation equipment 1 is detected, and the posture signal is made to output by inclination angle detection part 6; the rotation angle of the X-axis and the Y-axis which perpendicularly intersect in parallel, mutually, with the main surface part based on the posture signal by coordinates conversion part 8 is made to compute as an X-axis rotation angle and a Y-axis rotation angle, respectively; while memorizing a cell information, which is made of the plurality of cells, in cell information memory part 11, a conversion table which corresponds each cell of cell information with the indication key is memorized in conversion table memory part 12; while specifying one cell in cell information as a current cell based on the X-axis rotation angle and the Y-axis rotation angle by cursor control part 15, the indication key, which is corresponded to the current cell, is specified by using the conversion table, and a cursor is made to be moved.
US07773072B2	Handheld electronic device and keyboard having multiple-function keys An improved handheld electronic device having an improved keyboard provides enhanced usability with fewer keys by enabling the keys to pivot slightly to provide multiple functions to the keys. The improved keyboard may, for example, include internal strips of conductive carbon that are disposed adjacent the keys and are electrically engageable with contacts on a printed circuit board. Specifically, when a key is pressed directly downward it collapses a single dome and connects together a set of primary contacts to provide a first function. When the key is pressed at the side thereof, the key pivots slightly, collapses the dome and connects together the primary contacts, and also engages a carbon strip with a pair of secondary contacts to connect together the secondary contacts, all of which provide a second function. The keyboard may be configured to be of a QWERTY configuration while using only a relatively small number of keys.
US07773071B2	Moving an image with an input device A system and method for providing a continuous input mode is disclosed. In the continuous input mode, a combination of a vector signal and a command signal is received from an input device. Upon receipt of a vector signal and a command signal, an image is moved on a display screen, for example. The image continues to move until the command signal is terminated. If a new vector signal is received prior to termination of the command signal, then the direction of image movement may be changed and will occur until termination of the command signal. Additional aspects of the present invention relate to input devices and computer-readable media with computer executable instructions utilized in switching between the input modes.
US07773070B2	Optical positioning device using telecentric imaging One embodiment relates to an optical displacement sensor for sensing movement of a data input device across a surface by determining displacement of optical features in a succession of frames. The sensor includes at least an illuminator, telecentric imaging optics on the object (scattering surface) side, and an array of photosensitive elements. The illuminator is configured to illuminate a portion of the surface. The telecentric imaging optics is configured to image the optical features emanating from the illuminated portion of the surface, and the array of photosensitive elements is configured to detect intensity data relating to the optical features imaged by the telecentric imaging optics. Other embodiments are also disclosed.
US07773069B2	Method of driving an electrophoretic display An electrophoretic display device includes M×N numbers (M, and N are integers more than two) of pixels. The M×N numbers of pixels include M numbers of pixel groups having N numbers of pixels. Further, an image on the electrophoretic display device is displayed by making some of the M×N numbers of pixels switched at least from a bright display to a dark display, and vice versa. A period for displaying one piece of an image on the electrophoretic display is defined as period for forming an image and a period for introducing an image signal to each of the M×N numbers of pixels with sequentially selecting each of the pixels is defined as a frame period. Then, the time for forming an image includes a plurality of frame periods (a numbers of L: L is integers more than two).
US07773066B2	Liquid crystal display device An object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized active matrix type liquid crystal display device that may achieve large-sized display, high precision, high resolution and multi-gray scales. According to the present invention, gray scale display is performed by combining time ratio gray scale and voltage gray scale in a liquid crystal display device which performs display in OCB mode. In doing so, one frame is divided into subframes corresponding to the number of bit for the time ratio gray scale. Initialize voltage is applied onto the liquid crystal upon display of a subframe.
US07773063B2	Electro luminescence display device and method of testing the same To increase the proportion of the perfects to the whole lot of final products and to reduce the cost for active matrix EL display devices by checking the operation of a TFT substrate before depositing an EL material. A capacitor for testing is connected to a drain terminal of a driving TFT in a pixel portion to observe charging and discharging of the capacitor. Whether the driving TFT is normal or not is judged by the observation, so that the rejects can be removed before the manufacturing process is completed.
US07773061B2	Method and apparatus for uniformity compensation in an OLED display A method of compensating uniformity of an OLED device, having a plurality of light-emitting elements, including providing the OLED display; and measuring the performance of one or more light-emitting elements at three or more different code values. At least two different groups of code values are formed from the three or more code values, while calculating a linear transformation for converting an input signal to a compensated signal from the performance measurements for each of the groups. Subsequently, the difference between the measured performance and compensated signal is calculated over the range of code values for each of the groups; while the linear transformation, having a preferred difference, is selected. Additionally an input signal is received and employed with the selected linear transformation to calculate a compensated signal to drive the OLED display.
US07773058B2	Analog circuit and display device and electronic device The invention provides an analog circuit that decreases an effect of variation of a transistor. By flowing a bias current in a compensation operation, a voltage between the gate and source of the transistor to be compensated is held in a capacitor. In a normal operation, the voltage stored in the compensation operation is added to a signal voltage. As the capacitor holds the voltage according to the characteristics of the transistor to be compensated, the effect of variation can be decreased by adding the voltage stored in the capacitor to the signal voltage. Further, an analog circuit which decreases the effect of variation can be provided by applying the aforementioned basis to a differential circuit, an operational amplifier and the like.
US07773057B2	Display device and driving method thereof A display device is provided, which includes: light emitting elements; switching transistors transmitting data signals in response to scanning signals; driving transistors, each driving transistor electrically connected to a driving signal line and one of the switching transistors and supplying a current to the light emitting elements in response to an output signal of the one of the switching transistors and the driving signal of the driving signal line; and a first capacitor electrically connected between each driving transistor and each driving signal line; and a second capacitor electrically connected between each light emitting element and each driving transistor, wherein the first and the second capacitors transmit the driving signal by capacitive coupling.
US07773048B2	Display apparatus and driving method thereof and display controller device Plural controller circuits capable of mutually exchanging data are used as a display controller, the plural controller circuits connected to each other via a data bus. Each of the controller circuits, which receives image data, (i) transfers image data other than image data of a screen region, driving of which the controller circuit is in charge of controlling, on the other hand, (ii) stores, into a line memory section thereof, the image data of the screen region, driving of which the controller circuit is in charge of controlling together with image data that is transferred from another controller and that is for the screen region, driving of which the controller circuit is in charge of controlling, and converts the thus stored image data into output image data. This makes it possible to establish common use of a display controller for different resolutions so as to provide cost merit.
US07773047B2	Antenna and method of making the same An antenna having an antenna element bent in a predetermined shape. The antenna element has a plurality of line conductors that are arranged in parallel and are sandwiched by two insulation films. A method of making an antenna has the steps of: arranging in parallel a plurality of line conductors, each of which having a width of 0.04 mm or less, at intervals of 10 times or more the width of each of the line conductors; discharging continuously the plurality of line conductors such that visibility of the line conductors is reduced; and sandwiching continuously the discharged line conductors by planar transparent insulation films with a sticking or adhesion layer to have an antenna element.
US07773046B2	Antenna device The present invention provides an antenna device that is easy to manufacture by doing away with the wiring section. The antenna device includes an antenna member housed inside a nearly tubular case and a terminal body electrically connected to the antenna member for taking out electrical signal to outside, and the antenna member is sealed inside the case. The antenna device also has a housing for sealing the antenna member inside the case for engaging with a connector to be coupled, and a plugging member having an O-ring and a terminal stage fit into a nearly integral unit.
US07773045B2	Antenna and RFID tag An antenna line is configured with a conductor line that meanders in a shape where a plurality of lines of the same shape, which are bent only at an obtuse angle, are provided in sequence.
US07773042B2	Conical scanning antenna system using nutation method Provided is a conical scanning antenna system using a nutation method. The conical scanning antenna system includes: a main reflecting unit; a sub-reflecting unit which is disposed apart from the main reflecting unit by a predetermined distance and performing a conical scanning tracking by using the nutation method; and a feeding horn which doubly reflects electromagnetic wave inputted and radiated by the main reflecting unit and the sub-reflecting unit and inputs and outputs the electromagnetic wave by electrically steering beams.
US07773039B2	High frequency wave antenna for an automobile A high frequency wave antenna for an automobile is provided, which improves antenna gain of an antenna conductor provided in a spoiler. A defogger is provided on a rear window glass plate 14, a part of a plurality of heater wires extend in a horizontal direction, a spoiler including an antenna conductor 6 embedded therein is provided above the rear window glass plate 14, at least one of a plurality of bus bars has a bus bar horizontal portion 1H extending in a horizontal direction, the bus bar horizontal portion 1H is provided in an upper region of the rear window glass plate 14, and a plurality of vertical heater wires 2 extending in a vertical direction from the bus bar horizontal portion 1H, are provided.
US07773034B2	Method for acquisition of GPS signals and GPS receiver with sample time error and frequency offset compensation Embodiments of a method for acquisition of GPS signals and a GPS receiver with sample time error and frequency offset compensation are generally described herein. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. In some embodiments, GPS signals are resampled at a plurality of sample rates for each of a plurality of predetermined frequency offsets to compensate for sample time error and frequency offset of a crystal oscillator. The resampled GPS signals may be cross correlated for each of the predetermined frequency offsets. In some embodiments, the sample time error and the frequency offset of the crystal oscillator may substantially exceed a time and frequency drift of reference clocks on GPS satellites.
US07773026B2	Heterodyne transceiver systems and methods One embodiment relates to a transceiver. The transceiver includes first and second phase-locked loops. The first phase-locked loop is adapted to receive a reference signal and output a transmission signal based on the reference signal. The second phase-locked loop is adapted to receive the reference signal and output a local oscillator (LO) signal based on the reference signal. The frequency of the LO signal is shifted relative to the frequency of the transmission signal. Other methods and systems are also disclosed.
US07773023B2	A-to-D converter A successive approximation type A-to-D converter includes a cyclic D-to-A converter (11), a comparator (12) for comparing an analog value with an output value of the D-to-A converter (11), and memory means (13) for sequentially storing an output value of the comparator (12) and supplying the stored value to the D-to-A converter (11) in a reverse order.
US07773022B2	Operating NAND cells using multiple levels for each data value A system and method, including computer software, for storing digital information uses multiple NAND flash memory cells. Each memory cell is adapted to receive charge during a write operation to an analog voltage that corresponds to a data value having a binary representation of more than 4 bits. An analog-to-digital converter converts the analog voltage from each memory cell into a digital representation of the analog voltage during a read operation of each cell.
US07773020B2	Analog to digital converter An analog to digital converter is provided in which the outputs of first and second digital to analog converters DAC1 and DAC2 are combined in a combining circuit so as to form a plurality of decision thresholds. This enables two or more bits to be determined in a single trial.
US07773018B2	Sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter and solid-state image pickup device A sigma-delta analog-to-digital converter may include a sigma-delta modulator and a decimation filter. The sigma-delta modulator may convert a first analog input signal into a first bit stream having a first pattern using sigma-delta modulation and convert a second analog input signal into a second bit stream having a second pattern using the sigma-delta modulation. The decimation filter may integrate the number of bits having a particular value in the first bit stream, output a first digital value, calculate a bitwise complement value of the first digital value, integrate the number of bits having the particular value in the second bit stream with the bitwise complement value of the first digital value as an initial value of a second digital value, and output the second digital value.
US07773016B2	Switching converters controlled via sigma delta modulation Low-cost switching converter systems are provided which combine analog generation of a current signal with digital generation of a loop error signal that is realized with a control loop that includes a high-resolution, low-bandwidth sigma-delta modulator and a low-resolution digital-to-analog converter. The current signal and error signal are differenced to provide a control signal to the switching converter. This economical system structure facilitates quick and easy digital alteration of system parameters (e.g., loop compensation and voltage reference). System embodiments add a high-frequency analog feedback path in parallel with the control loop to supplement and enhance its control performance.
US07773014B1	Strong short-pulse interference detection method A receiver module includes an automatic gain control module having a gain that varies from a nominal value in response to the receiver module receiving an input signal. The automatic gain control module is configured to generate a first signal in response to the gain settling at a value different from the nominal value. A peak detector module is configured to generate a second signal in response to the gain deviating from the nominal value by a predetermined amount. The peak detector module generates the second signal prior to the automatic gain control module generating the first signal. A control module is configured to receive each of the first signal and the second signal and reset the receiver module to halt processing of the input signal in response to the control module not receiving the first signal within a predetermined amount of time subsequent to the control module receiving the second signal.
US07773012B2	A/D converter To prevent the value of a successive approximation register, which should be holding the value of the comparison result, from changing due to noise or the like during the A/D conversion by a successive approximation A/D converter, a detection circuit is arranged on an arbitrary bit of a successive approximation register 5 to detect the change in the value of the bit. The detection circuit detects the change in the value during the period in which the successive approximation register should be holding the data, such as during the period other than the comparison time, and outputs an abnormal conversion detection signal.
US07773011B2	Self-testing digital-to-analog converter One embodiment of the invention includes a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuit. The DAC circuit includes a DAC portion configured to generate an output voltage having a magnitude that varies based on a plurality of digital values of a digital input signal. The DAC circuit also includes a test portion configured to compare the output voltage with a predetermined test voltage for each of the plurality of digital values of the digital input signal during a test mode. The test portion can provide a digital output signal corresponding to one of acceptance and failure of the DAC circuit.
US07773010B2	A/D converter comprising a voltage comparator device The present invention is related to an analogue-to-digital (A/D) converter comprising at least two voltage comparator devices. Each of the voltage comparator devices is arranged for being fed with a same input signal and for generating an own internal voltage reference. The two internal voltage references are different. Each voltage comparator is arranged for generating an output signal indicative of a bit position of a digital approximation of said input signal.
US07773009B2	High resolution digital analog conversion circuit To increase the accuracy and resolution of an m bit digital analog converter, n bit input values with n>m are fed to a control circuit and converted to a series of control values for the digital analog converter using dithering techniques. When the series of control values straddles a major transition where a large number of bits are switched between 1 and 0, a corrected series of control values is retrieved from a calibration table. The corrected series takes into account the glitch effects observed at the output of digital analog converter at a major transition.
US07773007B2	Signal processing device and method, signal processing program, and recording medium where the program is recorded A signal processing device which outputs a discrete signal composed of a string of the sampling values and parameters m signal. The signal processing device includes a sampling circuit which samples an input signal and outputs a discrete signal, multiple function generators which generate multiple sampling functions with parameters m different from each other, plural inner product operating units for each of parameters m that take an inner product between the input signal and each of plural sampling functions and output an inner product operating value, and a judging unit which determines parameter m providing a minimum error out of multiple errors composed of differences between the sampling value and inner product operating values output from the multiple inner product operating units and outputs the parameters m signal.
US07773005B2	Method and apparatus for decoding variable length data System and method for decompressing data. A compressed data stream including contiguous variable length data blocks is received, each variable length data block including multiple contiguous variable length data fields. A current data block of the contiguous variable length data blocks is stored in one or more registers of a processor. Decoding state information is stored in another register of the processor. A single machine instruction of the processor is loaded. The instruction includes one or more operands corresponding respectively to the one or more registers, and another operand corresponding to the other register, where the other register is further operable as a destination register to store a result of the machine instruction. The instruction is executed to decompress the current data block using the stored decoding state information, including storing the decompressed current data block in the other register. The decompression is repeated for subsequent blocks in the stream.
US07772993B2	Icing detector for detecting presence of ice in static air An icing detector is disclosed for detecting presence of ice in static air. An exemplary detector includes an ice collecting surface; a light emitter for emitting a light beam crossing an ice collecting surface, having a prismatic light manipulating window for internally-reflecting the light beam when no ice is present on the ice collecting surfaces, and externally-refracting the light when clear ice is present on the ice collecting surface, wherein the ice collecting surface is oriented to cause standing water to be directed away from the prismatic light manipulating window by gravity; a light sensor in a path of the reflected light; and an annunciator coupled to the light sensor for annunciating the presence of ice when light is sensed by the light sensor.
US07772981B1	Non-removable closure with integral RFID A non-removable closure having a radio frequency identification, RFID, circuit integral therein. The RFID may be active or passive and may be integral with the top wall or side wall of the closure. The non-removable closure has a closure retainer which non-removeably engages a container neck at to which it is engaged. The closure retainer may be in the form of “J” hooks depending from the bottom portion of a side wall, an adhesive between the container neck and closure, or other closure retainer known to persons having ordinary skill in the art.
US07772978B1	Intelligent RFID tag for magnetic field mapping System(s) and method(s) to increase the accuracy and efficiency of an RFID system is provided. A system includes an RFID component that receives a signal from an RFID reader, and an identifier component that interfaces with the RFID component and identifies the source of the signal. The system further includes a signal strength component that interfaces with the identifier component and measures the strength of the signal. The system can include an environment component that analyzes an operating environment.
US07772976B2	Systems and methods for locating an entity The present invention provides systems and methods for locating an entity both within and outside of a structure using an RFID system in conjunction with other location systems and methods. The RFID systems may include a portable RF transmitter/receiver transported by the entity within the structure, a base unit, and a plurality of RFID tags. The methods may comprise the steps of: (a) emitting an RF interrogation signal at constant, predetermined intervals; (b) powering up and emitting a signal containing location data; (c) receiving the location data and broadcasting the location data to the base unit; and (d) receiving and displaying the location data; wherein steps (a) and (c) are performed by the RF transmitter/receiver, step (b) is performed by an RFID tag when the RF interrogation signal is within an effective range of the RFID tag, and step (d) is performed by the base unit.
US07772975B2	System for mapping connections using RFID function There is provided a system for identifying a plurality of components via an RFID reader with an associated database and processing element. The system includes a first component with an associated first RFID transponder and a second component with an associated second RFID transponder. A third RFID transponder may be associated with the first component, wherein either the first or third RFID transponder includes stored information relating to both transponders. The first and second RFID transponders are adapted to communicate with the RFID reader to enable identification of the connection of the first component to the second component. One of the RFID transponders may be adapted to identify the other RFID transponder and store the identification information for subsequent communication to the RFID reader of identification information for both RFID transponders and the associated components. The system is adapted to create a map of the two or more components, such as components of telecommunications equipment.
US07772974B2	Tamper evident seal system and method A tape seal includes electronic circuitry to detect tamper- and manipulation events relating to sealed items in various embodiments. A complex impedance is formed in a continuous seal. The seal is designed in such a way, that any attempt to break or remove the seal results in a change of the complex impedance. An electronic module in connection with the seal quantifies a complex impedance, and when a change is detected above a programmed threshold, this is treated as a tamper event. In one embodiment, the inclusion of reference impedances are applied to allow a more precise detection of a tamper event and allow for automatic calibration of natural variations of the complex impedance. In a further embodiment, a method of determining tampering with a sealed item is disclosed.
US07772969B2	Vehicle with always forward system A system for a vehicle that includes a movable chassis and an operator station rotatable relative to the chassis. The system includes a sensor, an indicator assembly, and a controller. The sensor can detect an orientation of the operator station relative to the chassis, and generates a signal indicative of the orientation of the operator station. The indicator assembly is disposed on the operator station, and includes a first indicator indicative of the operator station oriented in a first direction, and a second indicator indicative of the operator station oriented in a second direction. The controller is in communication with the sensor to receive the signal indicative of the operator station orientation from the sensor, and further is in communication with the indicator assembly to selectively vary the indicator assembly between the first indicator and the second indicator based on the signal indicative of the operator station orientation.
US07772968B2	Alarm system for a vehicle An alarm system for a vehicle includes a first diffraction raster, a first light source for emitting light to the first diffraction raster so as to form a first diffraction pattern on an object, an image capturing module for capturing the first diffraction pattern, and a control module electrically connected to the image capturing module for determining a relative position of the vehicle corresponding to the object according the first diffraction pattern captured by the image capturing module.
US07772965B2	Remote wellness monitoring system with universally accessible interface A remote wellness monitoring system with universally accessible interface consists of an apparatus or home appliance unit running an embedded software program connected to a server computer via a phone line or high-speed internet. At home, the apparatus communicates with an optional set of medical health monitoring devices using wired or wireless communications methods in order to perform wellness measurements. Embodiments of the invention provide a novel user interface on the home appliance to make the system accessible to people with disabilities. The simple user interface is designed to be accessible to people who are blind or deaf or people who cannot use their hands and require an alternative interface device such as a sip & puff controller. The home unit can further monitor wellness activity of the care recipient by pegging the number of times the care recipient passes by an infra-red motion sensor.
US07772963B2	System and method for synchronization of data streams A method of and system for acquiring data by a data reader from a transponder in which the data from the transponder does not require a preamble to denote the beginning of the data sequence. A radio frequency signal is continuously transmitted by the card reader to generate a radio frequency field. Once a transponder enters the RF field, then response data is generated by the transponder and received by the card reader. The transmission of the radio frequency signal by the card reader is temporarily stopped on detection of the response data from the transponder, and then reinitiated by the card reader after it stops receiving response data from the transponder in order to regenerate the radio frequency field. The response data subsequently received from the transponder in the radio frequency field is then stored in memory.
US07772961B2	Chip-shaped electronic part A chip-shaped electronic part includes: a substrate; a pair of upper surface electrodes formed on an upper surface of the substrate; a functional element formed to be electrically connected to the upper surface electrode pair; a pair of lower surface electrodes formed on a lower surface of the substrate at positions opposing the upper surface electrode pair; a pair of end surface electrodes formed on end surfaces of the substrate so that each of the end surface electrode pair is electrically connected to one of the upper surface electrode pair, and to one of the lower surface electrode pair corresponding to the one upper surface electrode; a protective film formed in such a manner as to cover at least the functional element; and a plated layer formed in such a manner as to cover at least each of the upper surface electrode pair, wherein the protective film or the plated layer has at least two points of application at which a load from above the substrate is exerted.
US07772958B2	Load shedder A circuit breaker with a first contact sleeve (3, 14), a second contact sleeve (4, 16), an insulating sleeve (5, 18) disposed between the first contact sleeve (3, 14) and the second contact sleeve (4, 16) has a switching piston (6, 20) with at least one contact section (8) and an isolating section (7, 19), which is disposed at the side of the contact section (8), whereby the switching piston (6, 20) is movable between a closed position in which the contact section (8) of switching piston (6, 20) connects the first contact sleeve (3, 14) with the second contact sleeve (4, 16) so as to be electrically conductive, and an open position in which the contact section (8) of the switching piston (6, 20) does not connect the first contact sleeve (3, 14) with the second contact sleeve (4, 16), in which the first contact sleeve (3, 14), second contact sleeve (4, 16) and insulating sleeve (5, 18) is movable. The isolating section (7, 19) is elastically deformable and in the insulating sleeve (5, 18) exerts a surface pressure force on the surface thereof due to elastic deformation. The circuit breaker according to the invention is reclosable.
US07772955B1	Method for making magnetic components with N-phase coupling, and related inductor structures Methods and structures for constructing a magnetic core of a coupled inductor. The method provides for constructing N-phase coupled inductors as both single and scalable magnetic structures, where N is an integer greater than 1. The method additionally describes how such a construction of the magnetic core may enhance the benefits of using the scalable N-phase coupled inductor. The first and second magnetic cores may be formed into shapes that, when coupled together, may form a single scalable magnetic core. For example, the cores can be fashioned into shapes such as a U, an I, an H, a ring, a rectangle, and a comb, that cooperatively form the single magnetic core.
US07772954B2	Symmetrical auto transformer wye topologies Various embodiments of multi-phase transformers are disclosed. For example, a transformer includes primary windings, secondary windings and third windings. Primary windings, secondary windings and third windings may include sub windings coupled to form junctions. Primary windings are coupled at ends to form a delta configuration. Secondary windings are coupled to primary windings. Third windings are coupled to primary windings and secondary windings. Secondary windings and the third windings may be magnetically coupled to primary windings. The outputs at second ends of third windings are greater than the outputs at the second ends of secondary windings. In some embodiments, the outputs at adjacent second ends of the third windings are substantially equal. In other embodiments, a phase angle difference of outputs at adjacent second ends of third windings is substantially equal. In some embodiments, the phase angle difference of outputs at adjacent second ends of secondary windings is substantially equal.
US07772953B2	Symmetrical auto transformer delta topologies Various embodiments of multi-phase transformers are disclosed. Exemplary transformer includes primary windings, secondary windings and third windings. Primary windings, secondary windings and third windings may include sub windings coupled to form functions. Primary windings are coupled at ends to form a delta configurations. Secondary windings are coupled to primary windings. Third windings are coupled to primary windings and secondary windings. Secondary windings and the third windings are magnetically coupled to primary windings. The outputs at second ends of third windings are greater than the outputs at the second ends of secondary windings. In some embodiments, the outputs at adjacent second ends of the third windings are substantially equal. In some embodiments, the phase angle difference of outputs at adjacent second ends of third windings are substantially equal. In some embodiments, the phase angle difference of outputs at adjacent second ends of secondary windings are substantial equal.
US07772952B2	Method for coding field emission structures using a coding combination An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07772949B2	Magnet structure for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging apparatus A magnet structure for a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance imaging apparatus includes at least two opposing magnetic pole pieces, which are located at a certain distance from each other and delimit an imaging region. The pole pieces are formed by at least one massive layer of a magnetically permeable material, and at least one layer of magnetically permeable material having a pack of superimposed sheets or foils, electrically insulated from each other. Each of the sheets has cuts arranged over the surface of the sheet in positions that are at least partly non coincident with the cuts of at least one, or both adjacent sheets. The magnetically permeable sheets or foils have a first face and a second face and the cuts are so arranged on each sheet that the cuts of a sheet or foil are offset and not coincident with respect to the cuts of an adjacent sheet or foil, when said adjacent sheet is laid over the previous sheet in an overturned position, i.e. with the first face turned toward the first face of the first sheet or with the second face of said adjacent sheet turned toward the second face of the first sheet.
US07772948B2	Self-clinching magnet In various embodiments, a self-clinching magnet (SCM) may be used to mount a magnet in a panel or for use in alignment. The SCM may include an outer shell with a clinching portion and an inner magnetic core. The clinching portion may hold the SCM in a hole in a panel by engaging sidewalls in the hole. The clinching portion may be positioned on the outer shell of the SCM so the SCM is flush with a side of the panel when the SCM is inserted into the panel. The SCM may be mounted in a door and a switch may be mounted to detect when the door is open or closed (by detecting the presence of the magnet). The SCM may also be used to align a tape magazine in a receiver.
US07772947B2	Variable reluctance fast positioning system and methods A system is provided for positioning an article. In this regard, one embodiment of the system, among others, can be broadly summarized as follows. The system contains a frame and a series of actuators connected to the frame, where the series of actuators contains at least one armature therein. The at least one armature is connected to an article and the series of actuators provides a force on the at least one armature to actuate movement of the at least one armature, thereby causing movement of the article. Each actuator further contains at least one winding set capable of providing a coil flux, at least one permanent magnet capable of providing a permanent magnet flux, and a magnetically conductive core having the permanent magnet therein and at least a portion of the at least one winding set therein. The series of actuators provides the at least one armature and the article with more than one degree of freedom.
US07772946B2	Electric power connection part of electromagnetic clutch field coil assembly An electric power connection part of an electromagnetic clutch field coil assembly connected with an electric power connector at a side of a vehicle engine, includes a housing assembly connected to the field coil assembly with electric wires, which is extracted therefrom, interposed therebetween; a discharge device for absorbing a surge voltage; and a magnetic field elimination device for eliminating a residual magnetic field are injection molded and combonined within the housing assembly. Accordingly, the electric power connection part has an advantage in that it is not directly influenced by heat radiated from a field coil assembly so that electric/electronic devices can be prevented from being damaged; since an epoxy applying process for attaching electric/electronic devices such as a discharge device and a magnetic field elimination device is omitted, a manufacturing process is greatly simplified; and the number of components are reduced so that manufacturing process thereby decreasing costs.
US07772945B2	Electrical switching device An electrical switching device facilitates selectively controlling residential power. The switching device is configured to couple between a residential electrical-energy meter and a residence. The device includes a solenoid assembly, a yoke, and at least two conductor busbars. The solenoid assembly includes an electrically-activated solenoid that is coupled to an actuator assembly. The actuator assembly includes a biasing mechanism and a plunger. The yoke is coupled to the actuator plunger such that the plunger is substantially centered relative to the yoke. The biasing mechanism is coupled to the yoke to bias the yoke away from the solenoid. The yoke includes at least two shorting bars that are oriented in a mirrored-arrangement on opposite sides of the actuator plunger. The solenoid assembly selectively moves the yoke between a first position in which the shorting bars are spaced a distance away from the conductor busbars, and a second position in which each of the shorting bars are electrically coupled against the conductor busbars. Each of the at least two conductor busbars has a substantially rectangular-shaped cross-sectional profile.
US07772942B2	Elastic wave filter utilizing a sub-propagation mode response to increase out of band attenuation An elastic wave filter of a resonator type includes at least one IDT electrode arranged so as to contact the piezoelectric substance. The elastic wave filter is arranged such that an elastic wave in a main propagation mode for obtaining target frequency characteristics and an elastic wave in a sub-propagation mode propagate, the elastic wave being capable of propagating simultaneously with the elastic wave in the main propagation mode, an electromechanical coefficient K2 of the elastic wave in the sub-propagation mode is in the range from about 0.1% to about one third of an electromechanical coefficient K2 of the elastic wave in the main propagation mode, and a sound velocity of the elastic wave in the sub-propagation mode differs from a sound velocity of the elastic wave in the main propagation mode.
US07772941B2	Ultra-wideband/dualband broadside-coupled coplanar stripline balun A balun comprises at least two asymmetric coplanar striplines, a first of the striplines coupled to a signal input, and a second of the striplines coupled to a signal output, the at least two asymmetric coplanar striplines configured in a Marchand architecture to receive an unbalanced signal and to output a balanced signal.
US07772934B2	Calibration of phase locked loop parameters based on static band information A technique includes selecting one out of a plurality of frequency bands and providing a voltage controlled oscillator to generate a mixing signal for the selected frequency band. The technique includes adjusting a frequency gain of the voltage controlled oscillator based on the selected frequency band.
US07772927B1	Active bias Darlington amplifier The present invention relates to an active bias Darlington pair amplifier that may operate without a traditional bias resistor. The active bias Darlington pair amplifier includes an output transistor element that is cascaded with and driven from a driver transistor element. Active bias circuitry provides bias to the driver transistor element to regulate bias current in the output transistor element. The bias current in the output transistor element is sensed by the active bias circuitry. The active bias circuitry may include alternating current (AC) circuitry, which may adjust bias under certain radio frequency (RF) drive conditions. The active bias Darlington pair amplifier may include feedback circuitry, which provides feedback from the output transistor element to the driver transistor element. The feedback circuitry may include AC circuitry, which may provide frequency dependent feedback.
US07772925B2	Power amplifier with pre-distorter Amplifier apparatus comprising a power amplifier having an operating frequency in the radio frequency or microwave or higher ranges and a pre-distorter, the characteristics of the power amplifier comprising a distortion from a linear transfer function. The pre-distorter comprises a non-linear path and a linear path including amplifiers having substantially identical physical characteristics, an input divider responsive to an amplifier input signal for applying respective pre-distorter input signals to the paths, and an output coupler for combining the signals from the linear path and the non-linear path to produce a pre-distorted signal. The characteristics of the pre-distorter comprise a distortion relative to a linear transfer function that compensates for the distortion of the transfer function of the power amplifier.
US07772921B2	Filter and filtering method A filter and a filtering method are provided. The filter includes a first compare voltage generation unit, a second compare voltage generation unit, a comparator and a first inverter. The first compare voltage generation unit generates a first compare voltage according to an input signal. The second compare voltage generation unit generates a second compare voltage. When the first compare voltage is not over the first reference voltage, the second compare voltage equals the first reference voltage. When the first compare voltage is over the first reference voltage, the second compare voltage equals the second reference voltage. The first reference voltage and the second reference voltage depend on a minimum pulse width. The comparator outputs a filtered signal according to the first compare voltage and the second compare voltage. The first inverter inverts a filtered signal to an output signal.
US07772920B1	Low thermal hysteresis bandgap voltage reference A first and a second group of individual transistors in a voltage reference may collectively function as a first and a second composite transistor with a first and a second emitter area equal to the combined areas of the emitters of the first and the second groups of individual transistors, respectively. The second emitter area may be larger than the first emitter area. The stability of the reference voltage may depend upon the stability of the ratio between the first emitter area and the second emitter area. The first group of individual transistors may not be at the center of an arrangement of the second group of individual transistors. The constant reference voltage may vary due to thermal hysteresis by less than 200 parts per million over a 40 degree centigrade temperature range.
US07772917B2	Semiconductor device The well voltage of a CMOS circuit having low-threshold-voltage MOSFETs is controlled when the power supply is turned on, during normal operation, and when the supply voltage is cut off. The CMOS circuit can thus operate stably with lower power consumption, because latching-up is reduced when the supply voltage is applied to the CMOS circuit or when the supply voltage is cut off, and subthreshold current is decreased during normal operation.
US07772915B2	Temperature sensing circuit and method using DLL A temperature sensing circuit using a delay locked loop and a temperature sensing method. The temperature sensing circuit includes a locked delay unit for receiving an external clock and generating a locked delay pulse keeping a constant delay amount regardless of temperature. A variable delay unit may have a chain structure of a plurality of delay cells depending upon temperature. The variable delay unit may receive the external clock and generate variable delay pulses having respectively different delay amounts based on temperature. A decision control unit is configured to sense a determination temperature by using a phase difference between one selected from the variable delay pulses and the locked delay pulse. Accordingly, an unnecessary time and cost causable by temperature compensation can be reduced, and an automatic temperature compensation and a precise temperature sensing operation can be obtained.
US07772913B2	Mixer circuit, communication device, and electronic equipment A mixer circuit includes a grounded-gate amplifier disposed between an input node and a first node, and first through nth (n denotes an integer equal to or greater than 1) series transistor rows disposed between the first node and a second node, each of the first through nth series transistor rows includes two or more transistors coupled in series between the first node and the second node, and the transistors constituting the first through nth series transistor rows are controlled by first through mth (m denotes an integer equal to or greater than 2) control signals.
US07772909B2	Supplying power to, and clocking, clocked loads A supply power can be fed in at a circuit arrangement for supplying power to, and clocking, clocked loads. The circuit arrangement provides a clock signal at a frequency and a supply voltage, the frequency and/or the supply voltage being able to be controlled by the circuit arrangement in such a manner that a power tapped off at the output and the supply power fed in are in a predefined relationship.
US07772907B2	Linear digital phase interpolator and semi-digital delay locked loop (DLL) Provided are a digital phase interpolator, which performs linear phase interpolation irrelevantly to input order of two input signals, and a semi-digital delay locked loop (DLL), which includes and controls the same. The phase interpolator includes: a first clocked inverter controlled by a phase indicating signal and providing a first output signal to a common output terminal by inverting a first input signal, and a second clocked inverter controlled by the phase indicating signal and providing a second output signal to the common output terminal by inverting the second input signal. The second clocked inverter is clocked by the first input signal when the phase indicating signal is in a first logic state, and the first clocked inverter is clocked by the second input signal when the phase indicating signal is in a second logic state. The phase indicating signal indicates a lead/lag phase relationship between the first and second input signals and is generated in a controller of a circuit of the semi-digital DLL.
US07772904B1	Voltage level converter with mixed signal controller According to an embodiment, a mixed signal controller includes a fine controller, a coarse controller and a digital controller. The fine controller is operable to output an analog modulation signal responsive to an analog control signal and a voltage signal input to the fine controller. The coarse controller is operable to output a digital pulse width modulation (PWM) signal responsive to the analog modulation signal and an analog PWM reference signal input to the coarse controller. The digital controller is operable to program the analog control signal and the analog PWM reference signal responsive to the digital PWM signal so that the fine and coarse controllers together regulate the voltage signal at a predetermined voltage level.
US07772901B2	Slew rate control circuit A slew rate control circuit is disclosed. An output impedance buffer and a slew rate buffer are coupled in parallel. An edge detector detects an input signal to accordingly control the output impedance buffer and the slew rate buffer, such that the input signal passes through the slew rate buffer during a rising or falling time period, and the input signal only passes through the output impedance buffer during a stable time period, thereby conforming to specification requirements for the slew rate and the output impedance at the same time.
US07772900B2	Phase-locked loop circuits and methods implementing pulsewidth modulation for fine tuning control of digitally controlled oscillators PLL (phase locked loop) circuits and methods are provided in which PWM (pulse width modulation) techniques are to achieve continuous fine tuning control of DCO (digitally controlled oscillator) circuits. In general, pulse width modulation techniques are applied to further modulate dithered control signals that are used to enhance the frequency tuning resolution of the DCO such that the dithered control signals are applied to the fractional tracking control port of the DCO for a selected fraction of a full clock signal based pulse width modulation applied.
US07772897B2	Switched-capacitor charge pump device for generation of output direct-current voltage with wide amplitude range A switched-capacitor charge pump device is proposed, which is designed for integration to a circuit system, such as a PLL (phase-locked loop) circuit system, for generation of an output direct-current (DC) voltage with a wide amplitude range; and which is characterized by the utilization of two switched-capacitor circuit units in addition to the output capacitor circuit and the utilization of an output voltage comparing circuit (such as a Schmitt trigger) for comparing the end-result output DC voltage against a half-amplitude drive voltage such that when the switched-capacitor circuit units are subjected to a charging-discharging action for voltage pump-up or pump down operations, the switched-capacitor circuit units are switched between a full-amplitude drive voltage and a half-amplitude drive voltage. This feature allows the invention to provide an output DC voltage with a wider amplitude range than prior art.
US07772896B2	Method for generating a clock frequency A method and apparatus generates a clock frequency dependent on a reference clock signal and has a phase locked loop configuration. A multiplexer is connected into the transmission path of the respective incoming input signal, to which the corresponding input signal is fed directly, on the one hand, and in delayed fashion, on the other hand. The common clock signal used is a system clock signal, independent of the reference clock signal and the local clock signal and whose frequency is higher by a factor of at least “5” than the frequency of the reference clock signal and of the local clock signal, respectively. The temporal spacing between the edges of the undelayed clock signal, and of the delayed clock signal, is set such that it is greater than the temporal spacing of the sampling pulses of the phase detector that are predetermined by the system clock signal.
US07772895B2	Signal generating circuit having filtering circuit coupled between level shifters A signal generating circuit includes a detecting circuit, a charge pump, a first level shifter, a filtering circuit, a second level shifter and a controllable oscillator. The detecting circuit outputs a detecting signal according to a reference signal and an oscillating signal. The charge pump outputs a first output signal by performing a charging or discharging operation according to the detecting signal. The first level shifter adjusts a voltage level of the first output signal to thereby output a second output signal. The filtering circuit generates a first filtered control signal according to the second output signal. The second level shifter adjusts a voltage level of the first filtered controlling signal to output a second filtered control signal. The controllable oscillator outputs the oscillating signal according to the second filtered control signal.
US07772889B2	Programmable sample clock for empirical setup time selection A system and method for efficient improvement of timing analysis for faster processor designs with negligible impact on die-area. Rather than provide a single clock to flip-flop circuits on a semiconductor chip, split clocks are used. A flip-flop receives a master clock signal for a master latch and receives a separate slave clock signal for a slave latch. Master and slave clock gater circuits are coupled to a global clock distribution system and the local flip-flops. The master clock gater circuit receives a delay control signal used to select a delay, wherein the selected delay determines an additional amount of time the master clock signal transitions after the slave clock signal transitions. The use of the delayed master clock on the semiconductor chip may allow a timing path to have more computation time without increasing the clock cycle time. Further, the delay may be chosen to fix timing paths in post-silicon.
US07772885B1	Level shifter circuit to shift signals from a logic voltage to an input/output voltage One embodiment of the present invention sets forth a technique for shifting the voltage level of signals from the high voltage domain to a low voltage domain, where VDD_IO is the supply voltage of the high voltage domain and VDD_Logic is the supply voltage of the low voltage domain. A level shifting circuit using a combination of I/O and logic transistors avoids exceeding a maximum tolerable voltage across the gate and source of any of the transistors. The level shifting circuit operates includes a reference voltage circuit that is independent of VDD_IO, so the same level shifting circuit may be used for various VDD_IO voltages. Additionally, the voltage level shifting circuit is not sensitive to scaling of VDD_Logic and operates properly when VDD_Logic is reduced due to shrinking silicon process technology and/or is reduced for a low power application.
US07772878B2	Parallel resistor circuit, on-die termination device having the same, and semiconductor memory device having the on-die termination device A parallel resistor circuit that can reduce an error of a resistance value, an on-die termination having the same, and a semiconductor device having the on-die termination device. The semiconductor memory device includes a calibration circuit configured to pull up or pull down a predetermined node and compare a voltage of the predetermined node with a reference voltage to generate calibration codes, by using parallel resistor units that are turned on or off in response to the calibration codes. An output driver is configured to terminate a data output node to a pull-up or pull-down level to output data, by using the parallel resistor units. At least one of the parallel resistor units having at least two resistivities includes resistors with different resistivities connected to each other in parallel.
US07772875B2	Input/output circuit for evaluating delay An electronic device comprising at least one input/output circuit (10) in a first supply voltage domain (VDD, GND) is provided. The electronic device furthermore comprises a buffer (INV) which is coupled to the input/output circuit for driving an input of the input/output circuit (10). The buffer comprises a first and second switch (T1, T2; T4, T5). The buffer is arranged in a second supply voltage domain (VDD1, GND1). Furthermore, a control circuit is coupled to the buffer for controlling the first and second switch (T1, T2; T4, T5) such that during a transition of an input signal of the input/output circuit (10) both switches (T1, T2; T4, T5) are temporarily kept in a conducting state and a crowbar current flows through the buffer (INV).
US07772872B2	Multi-row block supporting row level redundancy in a PLD In a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), a multi-row block that has internal logic connections between rows has redundant internal connections between rows to replace the internal logic connections when a fault occurs. The redundant internal logic connections extend through a row, linking the row above a defective row with a row below the defective row. Elements in a multi-row block are configurable to perform a default function and a function of an element in a neighboring row, if the functions are different.
US07772871B2	Method and apparatus for high density superconductor circuit The disclosure relates to a method for providing a logic circuit element. The method includes arranging a series of Josephson junctions between a first Josephson junction and a second Josephson junction, the first Josephson junction having a first critical current (Ic1) and the second Josephson junction having a second critical current (Ic2); providing a working current to the first Josephson junction, the working current transmitting to the second Josephson junction through the series of the Josephson junctions; wherein the working current is sufficiently high to trigger the second Josephson junction while sufficiently low to not disturb super-conductivity of the series of intermediate Josephson junctions.
US07772870B2	Method and apparatus for layer short detection of electric rotating machine There is provided a detector for detecting a layer short of a field winding in operation by measuring, with a field detector, a magnetic field generated from a field winding of an electric rotating machine. In the present invention, a field detector is installed outside an electric rotating machine to measure a leakage flux at the installation point to detect layer short by detecting the increase in a leakage flux or asymmetry of waveform of the leakage flux at an occurrence of a layer short of a field winding thereof, simplifying installation and enabling installation without halting operations of an electric rotating machine.
US07772865B2	Probe for testing integrated circuit devices A device for providing electrical contact comprises a first reciprocating conductive body having a first abutting body at one end, a second reciprocating conductive body having a second abutting body at one end and a resilient means biasing the first reciprocating conductive body and the second reciprocating conductive body in opposing directions axially away from each other. The first abutting body is slidably abutting the second abutting body, thereby providing electrical conductivity between the first reciprocating conductive body and the second reciprocating body. In another embodiment, the first reciprocating conductive body, the second reciprocating body and at least one securing means are disposed within one of plurality of through holes of an elastic non-conductive housing body. The elastic non-conductive housing body biases the first reciprocating conductive body and the second reciprocating conductive body in opposing directions axially from each other.
US07772860B2	Massively parallel interface for electronic circuit Several embodiments of massively parallel interface structures are disclosed, which may be used in a wide variety of permanent or temporary applications, such as for interconnecting integrated circuits (ICs) to test and burn-in equipment, for interconnecting modules within electronic devices, for interconnecting computers and other peripheral devices within a network, or for interconnecting other electronic circuitry. Preferred embodiments of the massively parallel interface structures provide massively parallel integrated circuit test assemblies. The massively parallel interface structures preferably use one or more substrates to establish connections between one or more integrated circuits on a semiconductor wafer, and one or more test modules. One or more layers on the intermediate substrates preferably include MEMS and/or thin-film fabricated spring probes. The parallel interface assemblies provide tight signal pad pitch and compliance, and preferably enable the parallel testing or burn-in of multiple ICs, using commercial wafer probing equipment. In some preferred embodiments, the parallel interface assembly structures include separable standard electrical connector components, which reduces assembly manufacturing cost and manufacturing time. These structures and assemblies enable high speed testing in wafer form.
US07772858B2	Probe card A probe card includes a plurality of probes that contacts a plurality of electrodes provided in the semiconductor wafer and that inputs or outputs an electrical signal in or from the electrodes, a probe head that holds the probes, a substrate having a wiring which is provided near the surface of the substrate facing the probe head so as to be contactable with the probe head and is connected to the probes, a core layer formed of a material which is buried in the substrate and has a coefficient of thermal expansion lower than that of the substrate, and a connecting member that electrically connects at least some of the probes with an external device via the wiring.
US07772848B2	Method of operation for a magnetic resonance imaging suite A method of operation for a magnetic resonance imaging suite. A power supply of magnetic resonance injector system receives electrical power from an AC power outlet, both of which are located outside of a shielded room of the magnetic resonance imaging suite. Electrical power from the power supply of the magnetic resonance injector system is conveyed (via an appropriate power connection) into the shielded room of the magnetic resonance imaging suite and to a component (e.g., a power head) of the magnetic resonance injector system located inside the shielded room. While this electrical power is being conveyed, radio frequency energy emitted from the power connection is being filtered.
US07772847B2	Method and apparatus of MR imaging with two dimensional phase and magnitude correction Phase and magnitude correction is performed in two dimensions to reduce ghosting in single shot and multi-shot EPI scans. First, a phase/magnitude correction in the readout direction is carried out to reduce echo shifts and gradient waveform distortions. Then, a two dimensional phase/magnitude correction is performed to remove the remaining xy phase/magnitude errors.
US07772845B2	Quantum theory-based continuous precision NMR/MRI: method and apparatus A method for spin magnetic resonance applications in general, and for performing NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance imaging) in particular is disclosed. It is a quantum theory-based continuous precision method. This method directly makes use of spin magnetic resonance random emissions to generate its auto-correlation function and power spectrum, from which are derived spin relaxation times and spin number density using strict mathematical and physical equations. This method substantially reduces the NMR/MRI equipment and data processing complexity, thereby making NMR/MRI machines much less costly, much less bulky, more accurate, and easier to operate than the current pulsed NMR/MRI. By employing extremely low transverse RF magnetic B1 field (around 0.01 Gauss), MRI with this method is much safer for patients. And, by employing continuous spin magnetic resonance emissions, NMR with this method is of virtually unlimited spectral resolution to satisfy any science and engineering requirements.
US07772843B2	Method for processing a distortion-corrected 2D or 3D reconstruction image recorded by a magnetic resonance device In one embodiment a method for processing a reconstruction image is disclosed. The method includes recording the reconstruction image by a magnetic resonance device having a gradient coil to generate a gradient field. The method further includes distortion-correcting the reconstruction image. The method further includes back-transforming the distortion-corrected reconstruction image, by an image processing device, into a distortion-uncorrected reconstruction image, the back-transforming uses a first algorithm or a second algorithm including a second input value associated with the measurement signal, the second input value being a fictitious gradient field value associated with a distorted measuring point at which the measurement signal is processed, and the second input value is raised or lowered by a nonlinear field component of the real gradient field compared with a linear ideal gradient field.
US07772841B2	Magnetic device A magnetic device comprises a magnetic element, a first magnetic field applying means, and a second magnetic field applying means. The first and second magnetic field applying means are disposed on mutually opposite sides of the magnetic element. The magnetic element is, for example, an element in which a soft magnetic film is formed in a meandering shape on a nonmagnetic substrate. The first and second magnetic field applying means create a magnetic field in one direction from the first magnetic field applying means toward the second magnetic field applying means. The bias magnetic field in one direction is thereby applied to the entire soft magnetic film in the magnetic element disposed between the first and second magnetic field applying means.
US07772837B2	Method for coding an output signal of a sensor A method for coding an output signal of a sensor of an apparatus for determining a rotation angle of a shaft, in particular of a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, the shaft being joined to a sensor wheel having teeth and tooth gaps having an asymmetrical pitch, and the sensor wheel having associated with it at least one differential sensor encompassing two sensor elements, the differential sensor generating an output signal that is a difference of signals of the two sensor elements, the output signal being a square-wave signal that can assume a first value or a second value. The rotation direction of the shaft, as well as a pitch ratio of a tooth sweeping past the sensor with respect to an adjacent tooth gap, are ascertained from the signals of the two sensor elements, and the rotation direction as well as the pitch are coded as a pulse width coded output signal.
US07772825B2	Current source providing large supply current A current source comprises a current driver comprising a current generator and a first resistor serially coupled at a first node, a level shift unit located between the first node and a second node to generate a rated voltage difference between the second and the first nodes, and a voltage regulator device having an input terminal coupled to the second node and an output terminal coupled to a control terminal of the current generator. The voltage regulator device maintains the voltage level of the second node at a first voltage reference by modifying the voltage level of the control terminal. Along with the variation of the voltage level of the control terminal, a supply current generated by the current source for a load is varied to modify the voltage level of the second node to the first voltage level. The control loop stabilizes the supply current value.
US07772820B2	Feedback and comparison apparatus and DC-DC voltage converter A feedback and comparison apparatus applicable to a DC-DC voltage converter is provided. The feedback and comparison apparatus includes a comparator and a voltage feedback circuit. The voltage feedback circuit includes a first voltage dividing component and a second voltage dividing component. The comparator compares a feedback voltage with a first reference voltage, and outputs a control signal to the DC-DC voltage converter according to the comparing result. One end of the first voltage dividing component is coupled to an output voltage output by the DC-DC voltage converter and the other end of the first voltage dividing component is coupled to one end of the second voltage dividing component, for providing the feedback voltage. The other end of the second voltage dividing component is coupled to a second reference voltage. The present invention is applicable to a situation that the output voltage is smaller than the reference voltage.
US07772818B2	Method and apparatus for measuring an average output current of a switching regulator using current-sensing-circuitry One embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus that measures the average-output-current produced by a switching regulator within an electronic device. The apparatus includes current-sensing-circuitry coupled to a switching field-effect-transistor (FET) within the switching regulator, wherein the current-sensing-circuitry is configured to bypass a small sense current from the conducting current of the switching-FET according to a sense ratio, wherein the conducting current is controlled by a control signal for the switching regulator. The apparatus also includes a current-to-voltage-converter coupled to the current-sensing-circuitry which is configured to convert the sense current into a sense voltage. The apparatus further includes voltage-averaging-circuitry which is configured to produce an average-sense-voltage from the sense voltage. This sense voltage is coupled to the input of the voltage-average-circuitry through a switch, which is gated by the control signal. The average-output-current of the switching regulator is indicated by the average-sense-voltage.
US07772817B2	Constant voltage circuit capable of quickly responding to a sudden change of load current A constant voltage circuit which is capable of quickly responding to a sudden change of an output voltage includes an output transistor, and first and second error amplifiers. The output transistor outputs a power with an output voltage and an output current to a load. The first error amplifier is configured to increase a response speed with respect to changes of the output voltage in accordance with an increase of the output current so as to control operations of the output transistor. The second error amplifier has a response speed faster than the first error amplifier with respect to changes of the output voltage, and is configured to decrease a gain thereof in response to a drain current of the output transistor.
US07772816B2	Systems, methods, and apparatuses for implementing a load regulation tuner for linear regulation Embodiments of the invention may provide for a load regulation tuner that reduces the load regulation effect. The load regulation tuner may include a load current controlled current source that is responsive to a load current from a power transistor of a linear regulator, where the load current controlled current source includes a sensing transistor that generates a fraction of the load current as a sensed partial load current. The load regulation tuner may also include a resistor in parallel with a load current controlled current source, and where the paralleled resistor and the load current controlled current source form at least a portion of a feedback block that adjusts an operation of the linear regulator to provide a substantially constant load voltage.
US07772814B2	Step-down circuit A step-down circuit generates a second power supply lower than a first power supply. The step-down circuit includes an output terminal connected to a load circuit, an output transistor connected between the first power supply and the output terminal, and having a gate terminal connected to a first node, a monitor transistor connected between the first power supply and a second node, and having a gate terminal connected to the first node, and a feedback circuit which sets a gate voltage of the output transistor in accordance with a difference between a voltage obtained by dividing a voltage of the second node and a reference voltage. A size of the monitor transistor is changed in accordance with an operation mode of the load circuit.
US07772813B2	Power supply circuit An operational amplifier generates a power supply potential from a reference potential. An impedance adjuster adjusts an output impedance of the operational amplifier in accordance with a control signal. A charge accumulator accumulates an output charge of the operational amplifier whose impedance is adjusted by the impedance adjuster. A comparator compares an output voltage of the operational amplifier before the impedance adjustment by the impedance adjuster and the output voltage of the operational amplifier after the impedance adjustment by the impedance adjuster to each other, and the comparator further generates the control signal in accordance with a result of the comparison so as to output the generated control signal to the impedance adjuster.
US07772811B1	Power supply configurations and adaptive voltage A power supply circuit includes one or more reference voltage generators that respectively generate a time-varying output voltage reference value as well as a corresponding time-varying output current reference value. During operation, the reference voltage generators produce different step values for the time-varying output voltage reference value and the corresponding time-varying output current reference value over time such that the power supply has a substantially fixed output impedance value. According to one configuration, the time-varying output voltage reference value tracks the power supply output voltage. Via a comparison of the power supply output voltage with respect to the adaptive output voltage reference voltage value and a comparison of the output current to the corresponding time-varying output current reference value, a controller circuit associated with the power supply controls switching operation of the power supply to regulate the power supply output voltage.
US07772809B2	Digital low dropout regulator A low dropout (LDO) regulator for generating an output voltage on an output from an input voltage of an input source. The LDO regulator including a switch module to generate the output voltage. The switch module including at least two parallel connected switches responsive to corresponding switch control signals to regulate a flow of energy from the input source to the output. Each of the switches having an on-state and an off-state. A digital controller to sense the output voltage and in response to generate the switch control signals such that the output voltage is regulated to a predetermined amplitude.
US07772806B2	Power storage system A power storage system regulates DC power from a DC power supply into prescribed voltage and current using a DC-DC converter unit for storage in a storage unit. On the DC power supply side of the DC-DC converter, the system includes a primary side current detecting unit, a primary side voltage detecting unit, a primary side switch unit, and a primary side filter unit. On the storage unit side of the DC-DC converter, the system includes a secondary side filter unit, a secondary side switch unit, a secondary side voltage detecting unit, and a secondary side current detecting unit. The on/off states of the primary and secondary side switch units, and the DC-DC converter unit are controlled by a system control unit provided with an externally applied operation command and signals obtained from elements such as the primary side current detecting unit and the primary side voltage detecting unit.
US07772803B2	Method and system to measure series-connected cell voltages using a flying capacitor A method and system for measuring voltage of individual cells connected in series includes a pair of busses connectable to the cells and a flying capacitor connectable to the busses. The capacitor stores the charge of one of the cells such that an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to the capacitor may process an accurate representation of the voltage of the cell being measured. In order to prevent electrical interference with the capacitor and the ADC, the charge on the busses is reduced prior to measurement by the ADC.
US07772802B2	Charging display system A charging display system and method for operating a display system are provided with the method comprising sensing the presence of a wirelessly rechargeable device proximate to or on a surface through which a presentation area of a display can present image information; identifying a type of the wirelessly rechargeable device; obtaining device representation having features that are related to a portion of the presentation area that can be occupied by the presence of the identified type of rechargeable device; determining a position and orientation of the rechargeable device proximate to or on the surface; and segmenting the presentation area into a wirelessly rechargeable device portion and a graphic presentation portion outside of the determined of the rechargeable device portion. A wireless power signal is transmitted through the rechargeable device portion and graphic information related to the rechargeable device is displayed in the graphic presentation portion.
US07772799B2	Universal battery module and controller therefor A battery pack is provided including universal battery modules and a master control module. By selecting proper rated universal battery modules and connecting them either in series and/or parallel, a high performance and long life battery pack is assembled that is suitable for high power applications such as electrical vehicles whereby the master control module acts as the battery pack control and interface module.
US07772798B2	Self-powered home automation installation and its method of operation A method of operation of an electric self-powered home automation installation (10) comprising an actuator (1) allowing the movement of a movable screen (2) and a bipolar electric source (6), the actuator comprising a motor (3) for driving the movable screen and a means (4) for controlling the motor supply, the bipolar electric source comprising an in-situ rechargeable electric source (62, 63) and a non rechargeable electric source (61), the operation method comprising a first operation mode, wherein: the actuator is supplied only with the in-situ rechargeable electric source (62, 63) as long as the control means does not cause the motor to be supplied, whereas the actuator is at least supplied by the non rechargeable electric source (61) when the control means causes the motor to be supplied.
US07772797B2	Motor controller A motor controller for correcting offset of a drive current of a motor. An offset amount calculating section (14) calculates offset amounts (Iuofs, Ivofs, Iwofs) of the drive currents (Iu, Iv, Iw) when the motor is being driven. A drive signal correcting section (18) corrects offset of the drive currents (Iu, Iv, Iw) by correcting the duty ratios of drive signals (Suo, Svo, Swo) based on the offset amounts (Iuofs, Ivofs, Iwofs).
US07772791B2	Method for controlling motor torque in hybrid electric vehicle The present invention provides a method for controlling motor torque in a hybrid electric vehicle, which can reduce current control mapping time and simplify control algorithm by providing a torque control compensation logic against a change in temperature of a motor (interior permanent magnet synchronous motor) of the hybrid electric vehicle. The present method includes: forming a single current control map based on an engine room temperature; determining a motor operation range that requires temperature compensation according to motor load conditions such as speed and torque; obtaining an optimization formula for torque command compensation; determining a torque command compensation value using the optimization formula; generating a new torque command with the torque command compensation value and applying the new torque command to the single current control map; and applying to a motor a current for which a torque variation according to a temperature change is compensated.
US07772790B2	System and method for controlling motor using parameter associated with magnetic flux A control method for a motor that rotates based on flux linkages to a winding member of the motor when the winding member is energized by a drive current is provided. The method includes storing magnetic-state information indicative of a relationship between each of a plurality of predetermined operating points of the drive current and a magnetic-state parameter associated with the flux linkages. The method includes obtaining at least one of command information associated with an operating state of the motor and detection information associated with the operating state of the motor. The method includes referencing the magnetic-state information with the use of the obtained at least one of the command information and detection information to obtain a value of the magnetic-state parameter based on a result of the reference. The method includes controlling an output of the motor based on the obtained value of the magnetic-state parameter.
US07772786B2	Battery-powered light source device for endoscope A battery-powered light source device 5 has an DC/DC converter 61 that boosts the supply voltage of a battery 51 and supplies electrical power to a lamp 31, and, inside this DC/DC converter 61, are provided a comparator 65 that compares a specific reference voltage to the output voltage of a DC/DC converter 61, and a control component 66 that keeps the output voltage from the DC/DC converter 61 at a specific lamp voltage on the basis of the comparison result of this comparator 65, whereby the supply voltage of the battery 51 is boosted and the optimal lamp voltage is obtained. Consequently, the battery-powered light source device 5 allows the brightness of the lamp to be adjusted and a high step-up efficiency to be obtained, and the battery can therefore be used more efficiently, and a more convenient use of the endoscope is possible.
US07772784B2	Transformer, illuminating apparatus using the same, and display apparatus using the same A transformer arranged to be used for an illuminating apparatus includes a closed-magnetic-circuit core, a primary coil wounded around the closed-magnetic-circuit core, and multiple secondary coils wounded around the closed-magnetic-circuit core. The secondary coils include first ends and second ends. The illuminating apparatus includes multiple discharge lamps. Each of the first ends and each of the second ends of each secondary coil are connected to different discharge lamps.
US07772783B2	Dimmable electronic ballast for electrodeless discharge lamp and luminaire A dimmable electronic ballast for an electrodeless discharge lamp comprises an inverter circuit, a resonance circuit, an induction coil and a start circuit. The start circuit has a variable time constant. The start circuit sweeps a drive frequency of the inverter circuit through a time constant for start or restart so that the voltage applied across the coil is raised from voltage lower than start voltage and restart voltage for starting and restarting the lamp to voltage higher than the start voltage and the restart voltage. The time constant for start during a start period for starting the lamp is larger than the time constant for restart during a restart period for restarting the lamp.
US07772781B2	Intelligent user interface with touch sensor technology An electronic circuit including a microchip for use as an intelligent user interface also comprises touch sensor technology that differentiates between proximity and physical contact events to activate and control various loads including light bulbs, products with radio frequency circuitry or electric motors. An input to the microchip is connected to a switch or sensing structure that does not form a serial link between the power source and the load. The electronic circuit controls various functions in response to user actions including automatic delayed shut-off functions, find-in-the-dark indicator and a power source level/product state indications. The microchip allows the user to select specific functions based on the time duration of activation signals, the time duration between activation signals and the number of activation signals at the input. The microchip is further configured to interpret and react to the signals received from a user in a way that enhances ease of use of the product and to use the indicators to provide information to the user that is influenced by the signals received as well as the state of the product.
US07772775B2	Plasma display panel (PDP) A Plasma Display Panel (PDP), in which the precision level in shaping the display electrodes is improved by changing the shape of the transparent electrode, includes: address electrodes formed on a first substrate, barrier ribs defining discharge cells in a space between the first substrate and a second substrate and display electrodes, formed on the second substrate in a direction crossing the address electrodes, including a pair of line portions arranged on both sides of each discharge cell and having a pair of protrusion portions, facing each other, extending from the respective line portions toward the center of each discharge cell. The pair of the protrusion portions has rounded contours at both corners of each protrusion portion facing the paired protrusion portion and its radius R1 of curvature at the corner satisfies the following condition: 0.05a=R1=0.2a, where a is a width of the protrusion portion measured in the extending direction of the line portion.
US07772773B1	Electrode configurations for plasma-dome PDP Electrode configurations for a plasma display panel (PDP) device having one or more substrates and a multiplicity of pixels or sub-pixels that are defined by a hollow plasma-shell filled with an ionizable gas. The invention is described with reference to a plasma-dome, but other plasma-shells may be used including plasma-disc and plasma-sphere. Two or more addressing electrodes are in electrical contact with each plasma-dome, at least one electrode being in contact with a flat side of the plasma-dome. The PDP may include inorganic and/or organic luminescent substances that are excited by the gas discharge within each plasma-dome. The luminescent substance may be located on an exterior and/or interior surface of the plasma-dome and/or incorporated into the shell of the plasma-dome. Up-conversion (Stokes) and down-conversion (Anti-Stokes) phosphor materials may be used. The PDP substrate(s) may be rigid, flexible, or semi-flexible with a flat, curved, or irregular surface.
US07772770B2	Flat display panel and flat panel display device having the same A flat display panel is constructed in such a manner that weak impact resistance of a substrate, due to a step difference present on the flat display panel, is prevented. The flat display panel includes: a substrate; a facing member bonded to the substrate, and having a surface area smaller than that of the substrate; a display unit disposed between the substrate and the facing member; a bonding unit which bonds the substrate and the facing member, and which is interposed between the substrate and the facing member along outer sides of the display unit; and a buffer member included on outer sides of the bonding unit of the substrate.
US07772764B2	Display device and method of manufacturing the same A display device and a method of manufacturing the display device are provided. The display device includes a substrate; a driving voltage line disposed on the substrate; a driving voltage line pad to transmit a driving voltage to the driving voltage line; a driving transistor connected to the driving voltage line; a pixel electrode connected to the driving transistor; a common electrode opposing the pixel electrode; a light emitting member disposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode; and a common electrode pad disposed on the substrate so as to transmit a common voltage to the common electrode. The common electrode pad and the driving voltage line pad are exposed at a side surface of the substrate.
US07772758B2	Electron emission display including spacers with layers An electron emission display includes first and second substrates opposing each other, an electron emission unit that is provided on an inner surface of the first substrate, a light emission unit that is provided on an inner surface of the second substrate, and a spacer that is located between the first and second substrate. The spacer includes a main body containing a material whose temperature-coefficient-of-resistance is less than or equal to 3%/° C.
US07772751B2	Spark plug having a rear-end portion of a threaded portion that has a higher hardness than a crimp portion and method of manufacturing the same A spark plug and method of manufacturing the same, the spark plug including a metal housing holding an insulator therein, the metal housing having a threaded portion formed on an outer circumferential surface of a frontward portion of the metal housing in a crimp portion formed at a rear end of the metal housing and crimping the insulator in the axial hole of the metal housing. Furthermore, the rear-end portion of the threaded portion has a hardness that is higher than that of the crimp portion.
US07772746B2	Thermacoustic piezoelectric generator An electroactive transducer converts between acoustical power and electrical power. The transducer includes a diaphragm and a perimeter member. The perimeter member includes at least one electroactive element and is mechanically coupled to the perimeter of the diaphragm such that displacement of the diaphragm stresses the electroactive element.
US07772743B2	Piezoelectric drive unit and piezoelectric drive element A piezoelectric drive unit and a piezoelectric drive element are provided, which are compact and lightweight, and able to be stably displaced and positioned, in addition, efficiently driven even at low voltage. One end of a rod is fixed to an approximate center of a main surface of a piezoelectric drive element (drive element). The drive element is in a configuration where two element structures are incorporated by dividedly forming part of internal electrodes being alternately layered with a plurality of pieces of piezoelectrics, and has two regions divided with the center of the element as an origin. When signal are inputted into the internal electrodes via terminal electrodes such that a phase is shifted by 90 degrees between the two regions, the rod is rotated. When a tip of the rod is biased to be disposed by a spring such that it is pressed to a side face of a shaft for guiding a sliding frame of a lens, the lens slides along the shaft with rotation of the rod.
US07772739B2	Commutator, direct current motor, and manufacturing method of commutator A commutator has a tabular holding portion defining a thickness direction. A plurality of segments are arranged in one end in the thickness direction of the holding portion in a radial pattern. Each of the segments has a slidable contact surface which is perpendicular to the thickness direction. A feeding brush is brought into slidable contact with the slidable contact surface. A tabular short-circuit unit short-circuits the segments to be set to the same electric potential with each other. The short-circuit unit is arranged parallel to the slidable contact surface. Accordingly, it is possible to enlarge a cross-sectional area which is perpendicular to a current passing direction of the coupling portion while suppressing an enlargement of a dimension in the axial direction of the commutator.
US07772734B2	Rotor structure of rotating electric machine A rotor includes a rotor core and disk-shaped end plates provided to sandwich the rotor core in the direction of a rotation shaft. The end plates are each formed to have one end face relatively closer to the rotor core and larger in outer diameter with the center at the rotation shaft than the other end face.
US07772733B2	Flat electrical generator An electrical generator includes a rotary disk that is made of plastic injection molding in which a plurality of coils each having an exposed contact is embedded. Two stationary disks are arranged on opposite sides of the rotary disk and each has an inside surface that opposes the rotary disk and carries two semi-circular magnets. The rotary disk is fixed to a shaft having opposite ends fit into bearings that are received in central bores defined in the stationary disks. The coils are each formed by winding a wire in at least one turn in the form of a circle or an ellipse, the turns being coincident with each other or partially offset with respect to each other. Or alternatively, the coils are formed concentric with respect to each other and the rotary disk.
US07772730B2	Magnetic wheel The present invention provides a magnetic wheel including a foundation body, a cover body, a fly wheel, a central axis, a drive motor, a drive gear assembly and two magnetic control strips. The drive gear assembly is driven by an output axis of the drive motor, enabling the swinging of the gear wheel of two magnetic control strips. The drive gear assembly has a gearshift unit, a coupling element and rear gear. The axial direction of the coupling element and rear gear is the same as the central axis of the magnetic wheel. The gear wheel of two magnetic control strips is mated with the rear gear through spur gear, thus making it easier to improve the manufacturing precision and drive efficiency and also reduce the manufacturing cost for better economic efficiency.
US07772727B2	Planar pulse motor, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method A planar pulse motor includes a stator and a mover which is arranged opposite to the stator and which has a plurality of coils. The planar pulse motor can drive the mover in a first direction on a horizontal plane and in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction by controlling current flowing in the plurality of coils. The stator has a plurality of raised portions, including a plurality of first raised portions composed by laminating a plurality of layers of members including magnetic materials through which magnetic flux can pass only in the first direction and a plurality of second raised portions composed by laminating a plurality of layers of members including magnetic materials through which magnetic flux can pass only in the second direction, and a plurality of recessed portions through which magnetic flux does not pass in either the first or the second direction. The plurality of raised portions are regularly arranged in a vicinity of each of recessed portions in the first and second directions.
US07772726B1	Irrigation controller with processor power down upon module unlocking A modular irrigation controller includes a processor for executing a watering program and turning a plurality of irrigation valves ON and OFF in accordance with the watering program. The irrigation controller includes a plurality of receptacles for each receiving a station module including a station module circuit connectable to a corresponding one of the irrigation valves. A manually actuable mechanism locks the station module in the corresponding receptacle and applies power to the processor when the station module is locked.
US07772724B2	Load control device for use with lighting circuits having three-way switches A smart switch for control of a lighting load from an AC voltage source can replace any switch in a three-way lighting control system. The smart switch can be connected on the line-side or the load-side of a three-way system with a standard three-way switch in the other location. The switch includes two semiconductor switches to control the connected lighting load. The switch preferably includes two sensing circuits for detecting the voltages at two of the load terminals of the switch to determine the state of the connected three-way switch(s), and thus, the load.
US07772722B2	Switching system and method for adjustment thereof A switching system. The switching system includes an optical component, an electromagnetic switch, an auxiliary adjustment structure, and a control circuit. The optical component reflects or refracts a light. The electromagnetic switch, on one side of the optical component, controls the optical component to rotate or move in a direction. The auxiliary adjustment structure, on the optical component, controls the optical component to rotate or move in other direction. The control circuit, coupled to the electromagnetic switch, adjusts an on-off signal of the electromagnetic switch by a native frequency of the switching system, wherein the native frequency is obtained from an initial signal.
US07772718B2	Master/slave outlet system A master/slave outlet system includes at least one master outlet and at least one slave outlet. Moreover, the slave outlet is turned on to start the device connected to the slave outlet, while the master outlet supplies enough current to the device connected to the master outlet. Furthermore, the slave outlet is turned off to close the device connected to the slave outlet, while the device connected to the master outlet is shutdown or at sleep mode.
US07772714B2	Passive safety device for vehicles A passive safety device for vehicles to ensure the characteristics of a power source for a drive circuit and further simplify circuitry and reduce costs is provided. An airbag device includes a battery, a voltage converter, a backup power source, a FET driver circuit, a FET, and a power source for the FET driver circuit. The driver circuit power source includes capacitors, the capacitance of which are so set that, when the output voltage is interrupted, the voltage of the driver circuit power source more gently drops than that of the backup power source 4, making it unnecessary to use a charge pump circuit.
US07772710B2	Zero-order overlay targets A zero-order overlay target comprises a first zero-order line array fabricated on a first layer of a semiconductor structure, the first zero-order line array having a first pitch, and a second zero-order line array fabricated on a second layer of the semiconductor structure, the second zero-order line array having a second pitch. The second pitch may be different from the first pitch, and a portion of the second zero-order line array may be positioned to become optically coupled to a portion of the first zero-order line array when subject to an overlay measurement. Further, the second pitch may be variable. For example, the variable pitch may comprise a first set of features having a pitch approximately equal to the first pitch, a second set of features having a pitch different from the first pitch, and a third set of features having a pitch approximately equal to the first pitch.
US07772708B2	Stacking integrated circuit dies A stackable die mounting system with an efficient interconnect is disclosed that can have a base chip carrier to interconnect a base integrated circuit die to a circuit board on a first side and to a second stacked integrated circuit on a second side. The second side can include a first region having a pad out configuration of a first input output (I/O) to transmit data to be stored by the stacked integrated circuit die. The base chip carrier can have a second region with a pad out of a second I/O that is configured to receive data transmitted by the stacked integrated circuit die wherein the pad out of the second port is translated and rotated about an axis from the pad out of the first region such that a busses with different functions can be vertically integrated from the circuit board.
US07772707B2	Methods for wafer-level packaging of microelectronic devices and microelectronic devices formed by such methods Methods for packaging microelectronic devices, microelectronic workpieces having packaged dies, and microelectronic devices are disclosed herein. One aspect of the invention is directed toward a microelectronic workpiece comprising a substrate having a device side and a backside. In one embodiment, the microelectronic workpiece further includes a plurality of dies formed on the device side of the substrate, a dielectric layer over the dies, and a plurality of bond-pads on the dielectric layer. The dies have integrated circuitry and a plurality of bond-pads electrically coupled to the integrated circuitry. The ball-pads are arranged in ball-pad arrays over corresponding dies on the substrate. The microelectronic workpiece of this embodiment further includes a protective layer over the backside of the substrate. The protective layer is formed on the backside of the substrate from a material that is in a flowable state and is then cured to a non-flowable state.
US07772706B2	Air-gap ILD with unlanded vias A spacer is adjacent to a conductive line. Vias that do not completely land on the conductive line land on the spacer and do not punch through into a volume below the spacer.
US07772704B2	Semiconductor device As a discrete semiconductor chip, there has been known one that enables flip-chip mounting by providing first and second electrodes in a current path above a first surface of a semiconductor substrate. However, there is a problem that a horizontal current flow in the substrate increases resistance components. A first electrode and a second electrode, which are connected to an element region, are provided above a first surface. Moreover, a thick metal layer having corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance and also having a low resistance is provided above a second surface. Thus, resistance components of a current flowing in a horizontal direction of a substrate are reduced. Moreover, by appropriately selecting a thickness of the thick metal layer, a resistance value of a device can be reduced while suppressing a cost increase. Furthermore, by adopting Au as the thick metal layer, defects such as discoloration of the thick metal layer with time can be prevented.
US07772703B2	Package substrate A package substrate including a circuit board, a reinforcing plate and at least one conductive channel is provided. A first surface of the reinforcing plate is disposed on the circuit board for resisting the warpage of the circuit board. The reinforcing plate has an opening corresponding to a first contact of the circuit board exposed thereon. In addition, one end of the conductive channel is located in the opening and electrically connected to the first contact, and the other end of the conductive channel is located on a second surface of the reinforcing plate to form a bonding pad.
US07772700B2	Semiconductor device As etch-stop films or Cu-diffusion barrier films used in insulation films constituting conductor layers of a stacked structure, films having smaller dielectric constant than silicon nitride films are used, and an insulation film at a lower-layer part of the stacked structure is made to have smaller dielectric constant than that at an upper-layer part thereof, and further this insulation film is a silicon oxide (SiO) film and has, in the interior thereof, nano-pores of from 0.05 nm or more to 4 nm or less in diameter as chief construction. This makes it possible to dramatically reduce effective dielectric constant while keeping the mechanical strength of the conductore layers themselves, and can materialize a highly reliable and high-performance semiconductor device having mitigated the wiring delay of signals which pass through wirings.
US07772697B2	Semiconductor device and method for producing the same A semiconductor device includes a tape carrier substrate having a flexible insulating film base, a plurality of conductor wirings provided on the film base, and wiring bumps respectively formed so as to cover an upper surface and both side surfaces of the conductor wirings, and a semiconductor chip mounted on the tape carrier substrate, wherein electrodes of the semiconductor chip are connected to the conductor wirings via the wiring bumps. Electrode bumps are formed on the electrodes of the semiconductor chip, the electrodes of the semiconductor chip are connected to the conductor wirings via a bonding between the wiring bumps and the electrode bumps, and the electrode bumps are harder than the wiring bumps. This structure can reduce bonding damages to the electrodes of the semiconductor chip caused by a process of connecting the electrodes and the conductor wirings via the bumps.
US07772691B2	Thermally enhanced wafer level package A method of forming a package structure includes providing a plurality of dies; attaching the plurality of dies onto a heat-dissipating plate; and sawing the heat-dissipating plate into a plurality of packages, each including one of the plurality of dies and a piece of the heat-dissipating plate.
US07772683B2	Stacked integrated circuit package-in-package system A stacked integrated circuit package-in-package system is provided including forming a substrate having a top surface and a bottom surface, mounting a first device over the top surface, stacking a second device over the first device in an offset configuration, connecting a first internal interconnect between the first device and the bottom surface, connecting a second internal interconnect between the second device and the bottom surface, and encapsulating the first device and the second device.
US07772680B2	Arrangements of fuse-type constructions The invention includes semiconductor fuse arrangements containing an electrically conductive plate over and in electrical contact with a plurality of electrically conductive links. Each of the links contacts the electrically conductive plate as a separate region relative to the other links, and the region where a link makes contact to the electrically conductive plate is a fuse. The invention also includes methods of forming semiconductor fuse arrangements.
US07772679B2	Magnetic shielding package structure of a magnetic memory device This invention provides a magnetic shielding package structure of a magnetic memory device, in which at least a magnetic memory device is embedded between a magnetic shielding substrate and a magnetic shielding layer. A plurality of through vias is formed in the magnetic shielding substrate or the magnetic shielding layer, and a plurality of conductive contacts passes through the through vias such that electrical connection between the magnetic memory device and the external is established.
US07772674B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit with spiral inductors A spiral inductor, which is formed of a spiral wiring pattern, is formed in an inductor formation region which is assigned within an IC chip. A plurality of dummy wiring lines are formed according to a given design rule on an inside region surrounded by the spiral inductor within the inductor formation region and on an outside region of the spiral inductor within the inductor formation region. Each of the plurality of dummy wiring lines is formed to have such a shape that at least one side of a closed loop is opened, and the plurality of dummy wiring lines are disposed to have regularity and/or uniformity at a given distance from the spiral inductor.
US07772671B2	Semiconductor device having an element isolating insulating film A semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate having on its surface a recess and at least one projection formed in the recess. The projection has a channel region and an element isolating insulating film is formed in the recess. A MIS type semiconductor element is formed on the semiconductor substrate and includes a gate electrode formed on the channel region of the projection via a gate insulating film. Source and drain regions are formed to pinch the channel region of the projection therebetween. A channel region of the MIS type semiconductor element is formed to reach the at least one projection located adjacent to the MIS type semiconductor element in its channel width direction via the recess. A top surface of the at least one projection is located higher than the top surface of the element isolating insulating film by 20 nm or more.
US07772662B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof The present invention makes it possible to obtain: a semiconductor device capable of forming a highly reliable upper wire without a harmful influence on the properties of the magnetic material for an MTJ device; and the manufacturing method thereof. Plasma treatment is applied with reducible NH3 or H2 as pretreatment. Thereafter, a tensile stress silicon nitride film to impose tensile stress on an MTJ device is formed over a clad layer and over an interlayer dielectric film where the clad layer is not formed. Successively, a compressive stress silicon nitride film to impose compressive stress on the MTJ device is formed over the tensile stress silicon nitride film. The conditions for forming the tensile stress silicon nitride film and the compressive stress silicon nitride film are as follows: a parallel plate type plasma CVD apparatus is used; the RF power is set in the range of 0.03 to 0.4 W/cm2; and the film forming temperature is set in the range of 200° C. to 350° C.
US07772660B2	Magnetoresistive random access memory and method of manufacturing the same A magnetic random access memory includes a transistor having a gate electrode formed above a surface of a substrate, and first and second impurity diffusion regions which sandwich a channel region below the gate electrode, a first plug formed on the first impurity diffusion region, a recording element formed on the first plug, including a plurality of stacked layers, and configured to hold information in accordance with an internal magnetization state, a first signal line formed on the recording element, a second plug formed on the second impurity diffusion region, an electrical conductor formed on the second plug, an area of a shape of the electrical conductor, which is projected onto the surface of the substrate, being larger than that of a shape of the recording element, which is projected onto the surface of the substrate, and a second signal line formed on the electrical conductor.
US07772659B2	Magnetic device having perpendicular magnetization and interaction compensating interlayer The magnetic device comprises a least two layers made of a magnetic material that are separated by at least one interlayer made of a non-magnetic material. The layers made of a magnetic material each have magnetization oriented substantially perpendicular to the plane of the layers. The layer of non-magnetic material induces an antiferromagnetic coupling field between the layers made of a magnetic material, the direction and amplitude of this field attenuating the effects of the ferromagnetic coupling field of magnetostatic origin that occurs between the magnetic layers.
US07772658B2	Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing same A lead frame which is disposed in an outer package is composed of three members. The lead frame is provided with contact electrodes, connector terminals, and conductive interconnections which are connected to the respective connector terminals. The arrangement order of the contact electrodes is such that contact electrodes are connected to the connector terminals, respectively; that is, the arrangement direction of the contact electrodes is the same as that of the connector terminals. On the other hand, the arrangement order of the contact electrodes is such that contact electrodes are connected to the connector terminals, respectively, that is, the arrangement direction of the contact electrodes is opposite to that of the connector terminals. Lead terminals of a resin cell package are connected to the contact electrodes.
US07772655B2	Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same In a semiconductor substrate in a first section, a channel region having an impurity concentration peak in an interior of the semiconductor substrate is formed, and in the semiconductor substrate in a second section and a third section, channel regions having an impurity concentration peak at a position close to a surface of the substrate are formed. Then, extension regions are formed in the first section, the second section and the third section. After that, the substrate is thermally treated to eliminate defects produced in the extension regions. Then, using gate electrodes and side-wall spacers as a mask, source/drain regions are formed in the first section, the second section and the third section.
US07772654B2	Methods of fabricating nonvolatile memory devices Nonvolatile memory devices and methods of fabricating the same are provided. A semiconductor substrate is provided having a cell field region and a high-voltage field region. Device isolation films are provided on the substrate. The device isolation films define active regions of the substrate. A cell gate-insulation film and a cell gate-conductive film are provided on the cell field region of the substrate including the device isolation films. A high-voltage gate-insulation film and a high-voltage gate-conductive film are provided on the high-voltage field region of the substrate including the device isolation films. The device isolation film on the high-voltage field region of the substrate is at least partially recessed to provide a groove therein.
US07772651B2	Semiconductor-on-insulator high-voltage device structures, methods of fabricating such device structures, and design structures for high-voltage circuits High-voltage device structures, methods for fabricating such device structures using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) processes, and design structures for high-voltage circuits. The planar device structure, which is formed using a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) substrate, includes a semiconductor body positioned between two gate electrodes. The gate electrodes and the semiconductor body may be formed from the monocrystalline SOI layer of the SOI substrate. A dielectric layer separates each of the gate electrodes from the semiconductor body. These dielectric layers are formed by defining trenches in the SOI layer and filling the trenches with a dielectric material, which may occur concurrent with a process forming device isolation regions.
US07772645B2	Semiconductor device having semiconductor layer on insulating structure and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor device in which a semiconductor layer is formed on an insulating substrate with a front-end insulating layer interposed between the semiconductor layer and the insulating substrate is provided which is capable of preventing action of an impurity contained in the insulating substrate on the semiconductor layer and of improving reliability of the semiconductor device. In a TFT (Thin Film Transistor), boron is made to be contained in a region located about 100 nm or less apart from a surface of the insulating substrate so that boron concentration decreases at an average rate being about 1/1000-fold per 1 nm from the surface of the insulating substrate toward the semiconductor layer.
US07772643B2	Methods of fabricating semiconductor device having a metal gate pattern A method of fabricating a semiconductor device having a metal gate pattern is provided in which capping layers are used to control the relative oxidation rates of portions of the metal gate pattern during a oxidation process. The capping layer may be a multilayer structure and may be etched to form insulating spacers on the sidewalls of the metal gate pattern. The capping layer(s) allow the use of a selective oxidation process, which may be a wet oxidation process utilizing partial pressures of both H2O and H2 in an H2-rich atmosphere, to oxidize portions of the substrate and metal gate pattern while suppressing the oxidation of metal layers that may be included in the metal gate pattern. This allows etch damage to the silicon substrate and edges of the metal gate pattern to be reduced while substantially maintaining the original thickness of the gate insulating layer and the conductivity of the metal layer(s).
US07772631B2	Method for fabricating a memory cell arrangement with a folded bit line arrangement and corresponding memory cell arrangement with a folded bit line arrangement An integrated circuit includes a memory cell arrangement with a plurality of active regions along a first direction, a plurality of parallel buried word lines (BWL) along a second direction, a plurality of parallel bitlines along a third direction, and a plurality of storage capacitors. The BWLs run through the active regions. Two of the BWLs are spaced apart from one another and from isolation trenches running through a respective active region, the BWLs being insulated from a channel region by a gate dielectric. The bit lines run perpendicular to the second direction, wherein each bit line makes contact with the relevant source region of the associated active region. The first direction lies between the second and third directions. Storage capacitors are connected to associated drain regions in a respective active region.
US07772623B2	CMOS image sensor and method for fabricating the same A CMOS image sensor and fabricating method can reduce leakage current of a photodiode reduced by configuring a triangular shape of a photodiode area to minimize an interface contacting the STI or performing deuterium annealing to remove dangling bonds from an interface contacting with oxide. The CMOS image sensor includes a semiconductor substrate, a device isolation layer on the semiconductor substrate, and a plurality of diodes, each having a shape minimizing an area of a boundary contacting with the device isolation layer.
US07772620B2	Junction field effect transistor using a silicon on insulator architecture A junction field effect transistor comprises a silicon-on-insulator architecture. A front gate region and a back gate region are formed in a silicon region of the SOI architecture. The silicon region has a thin depth such that the back gate region has a thin depth, and whereby a depletion region associated with the back gate region recedes substantially up to an insulating layer of the SOI architecture.
US07772617B2	Gas sensitive field-effect-transistor A gas sensitive field effect transistor comprises a semiconductor substrate that includes a capacitance well, and source and drain regions of a field effect transistor. A gate of the field effect transistor is separated from the semiconductor substrate by an insulator, and a gas sensitive layer separated from the gate by an air gap. The field effect transistor provides an output signal indicative of the presence of a target gas within the air gap to an amplifier, which provides an amplified output signal that is electrically coupled to the capacitance well.
US07772613B2	Semiconductor device with large blocking voltage and method of manufacturing the same A normally-off type junction FET in which a channel resistance is reduced without lowering its blocking voltage is provided. In a junction FET formed with using a substrate made of silicon carbide, an impurity concentration of a channel region (second epitaxial layer) is made higher than an impurity concentration of a first epitaxial layer to be a drift layer. The channel region is formed of a first region in which a channel width is constant and a second region below the first region in which the channel width becomes wider toward the drain (substrate) side. A boundary between the first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer is positioned in the second region in which the channel width becomes wider toward the drain (substrate) side.
US07772610B2	Structure of LED of high heat-conducting efficiency A structure of LED of high heat-conducting efficiency is to provide a copper substrate having a plurality of indentations. An insulating layer is formed on the surface of the substrate and the bottom of the indentations. Meanwhile, a set of metallic circuits is formed on the insulating layer of the substrate, and a layer of insulating lacquer is coated on the surface of the metallic circuits, where there is no electric connection and no enclosure. A tin layer is coated on the insulating layer of the indentation and the metallic circuits, where there is no insulating lacquer. Furthermore, a set of light-emitting chips are die bonded on the tin layer of the indentation. Next, the light-emitting chips and the metallic circuits are electrically connected by a set of gold wires. Moreover, a ringed object is arranged on the surface of the substrate, such that the light-emitting chip set, the gold wires and the metallic circuits are enclosed therein. Meanwhile, a fluorescent glue is attached to the light-emitting chip set, the gold wires and the metallic circuits. Eventually, an epoxy resin is filled into the interior of the ringed object to be dry for forming an epoxy resin layer. Thus, a packaging manufacture of LED is completed.
US07772608B2	Photoelectric element package with temperature compensation A photoelectric element package with temperature compensation includes a substrate, and a first light-emitting element, a second light-emitting element, a photosensitive element, and a drive element disposed on the substrate, all of which are disposed in an internal space formed by a first casing joined with a second casing. Alternatively, the second light-emitting element and the photosensitive element are disposed in an internal space of a third casing. By adding the second light-emitting element, the photosensitive element can sense the light emitting intensity accurately in the absence of other interferences, so as to feed back the current operating state of the light-emitting element. A temperature compensation function is achieved by a laser driver, so as to reduce the influence of temperature on the light-emitting element, such that the light-emitting element emits light in an accurate intensity.
US07772605B2	Compound semiconductor light-emitting device An object of the present invention is to provide a compound semiconductor light-emitting device having side surfaces of large surface area to improve the efficiency for outwardly transmitting the emitted light. Another object of the present invention is to provide a technology capable of easily forming the side surfaces with large surface area without using a cutting tool and without the need of taking a trouble to impart mechanical damage.The inventive compound semiconductor light-emitting device has a light-emitting layer, on a substrate, wherein at least a part of a substrate portion of the device side surface has recessed portions in a side direction of the device. The inventive method of producing compound semiconductor light-emitting device comprises the steps of: (a) forming a compound semiconductor layer including a light-emitting layer of an n-type or p-type compound semiconductor on a wafer that serves as a substrate, (b) arranging a negative electrode and a positive electrode at predetermined positions for passing a drive current through the light-emitting layer, (c) forming a separation zone for separating the individual light-emitting devices, (d) perforating many small holes linearly in the wafer that serves as the substrate along the separation zone, and (e) dividing the wafer into individual light-emitting devices along the separation zone.
US07772601B2	Light emitting device having a plurality of light emitting cells and method of fabricating the same Disclosed is a light emitting device having a plurality of light emitting cells. The light emitting device comprises a thermally conductive substrate, such as a SiC substrate, having a thermal conductivity higher than that of a sapphire substrate. The plurality of light emitting cells are connected in series on the thermally conductive substrate. Meanwhile, a semi-insulating buffer layer is interposed between the thermally conductive substrate and the light emitting cells. For example, the semi-insulating buffer layer may be formed of AlN or semi-insulating GaN. Since the thermally conductive substrate having a thermal conductivity higher than that of a sapphire substrate is employed, heat-dissipating performance can be enhanced as compared with a conventional sapphire substrate, thereby increasing the maximum light output of a light emitting device that is driven under a high voltage AC power source. In addition, since the semi-insulating buffer layer is employed, it is possible to prevent an increase in a leakage current through the thermally conductive substrate and between the light emitting cells.
US07772600B2	Light emitting device having zener diode therein and method of fabricating the same Disclosed are a light emitting device having a zener diode therein and a method of fabricating the light emitting device. The light emitting device comprises a P-type silicon substrate having a zener diode region and a light emitting diode region. A first N-type compound semiconductor layer is contacted to the zener diode region of the P-type silicon substrate to exhibit characteristics of a zener diode together with the P-type silicon substrate. Further, a second N-type compound semiconductor layer is positioned on the light emitting diode region of the P-type silicon substrate. The second N-type compound semiconductor layer is spaced apart from the first N-type compound semiconductor layer. Meanwhile, a P-type compound semiconductor layer is positioned on the second N-type compound semiconductor layer, and an active layer is interposed between the second N-type compound semiconductor layer and the P-type compound semiconductor layer.
US07772599B2	Gallium nitride-based semiconductor stacked structure, production method thereof, and compound semiconductor and light-emitting device each using the stacked structure A gallium-nitride-based semiconductor stacked structure includes a low-temperature-deposited buffer layer and an active layer. The low-temperature-deposited buffer layer is composed of a Group III nitride material that has been grown at low temperature and includes a single-crystal layer in an as-grown state, the single-crystal layer being present in the vicinity of a junction area that is in contact with a (0001) (c) plane of a sapphire substrate. The active layer is composed of a gallium-nitride (GaN)-based semiconductor layer that is provided on the low-temperature-deposited buffer layer. The single-crystal layer is composed of a hexagonal AlXGaYN (0.5
US07772594B2	High-heat-resistive semiconductor device The outer surface of a wide-gap semiconductor device is coated with a synthetic polymer compound containing one or more silicon-containing polymer having a bridged structure formed by a siloxane (Si—O—Si bond structure). The synthetic polymer compound may include, for example, a silicon-containing polymer which has one or more reactive groups (A′) selected from Si—R1, Si—O—R2 and Si—R3—OCOC(R4)═CH2, has a bridged structure formed by an Si—O—Si bond in one or more locations, and contains components having weight average molecular weights of not more than 1000 in an amount of 20% or less by weight.
US07772588B1	Light emitting device with improved internal quantum efficiency A light emitting device can be used for light emitting diodes and laser diodes. The light emitting device includes a substrate, a first semiconductor layer on the substrate, a second semiconductor layer on the first semiconductor layer, and a multi-quantum well structure including at least one well layer and at least one barrier layer between the first and second semiconductor layers. A carrier trap portion is formed in at least one layer within the multi-quantum well structure. The at least one carrier trap portion is distributed at a higher density than a dislocation density of the layer including the carrier trap portion, and the carrier trap portion has a size of 1˜10 nm.
US07772579B2	Method and apparatus for simultaneously measuring a three dimensional position of a particle in a flow Particle detection systems without knowledge of a location and velocity of a particle passing through a volume of space, are less efficient than if knowledge of the particle location is known. An embodiment of a particle position detection system capable of determining an exact location of a particle in a fluid stream is discussed. The detection system may employ a patterned illuminating beam, such that once a particle passes through the various portions of the patterned illuminating beam, a light scattering is produced. The light scattering defines a temporal profile that contains measurement information indicative of an exact particle location. However, knowledge of the exact particle location has several advantages. These advantages include correction of systematic particle measurement errors due to variability of the particle position within the sample volume, targeting of particles based on position, capture of particles based on position, reduced system energy consumption and reduced system complexity.
US07772573B2	Ion implanting apparatus and method of correcting beam orbit An extraction electrode of an ion source is dividedly configured by a first extraction electrode and a second extraction electrode. DC power supplies which form a potential difference between the electrodes, a camera which takes an image of the ion beam to output image data of the ion beam, and a rear-stage beam instrument which measures the beam current of the ion beam that has passed through the analysis slit are disposed. A step of adjusting an analysis electromagnet current so that the beam current measured by the rear-stage beam instrument is maximum, that of processing the image data from the camera to obtain the deviation angle of the ion beam entering the analysis slit from the design beam orbit, and that of, if the deviation angle is not within an allowable range, adjusting the potential difference between the electrodes so that the ion beam is bent to a direction where the deviation angle becomes small, by the potential difference are performed one or more times until the deviation angle is within the allowable range.
US07772572B2	Apparatus for producing secondary electrons, a secondary electrode, and an acceleration electrode An apparatus includes a primary electrode and an acceleration electrode. The acceleration electrode or, alternatively, an additional secondary electrode contains a slot that extends obliquely through the acceleration electrode or through the secondary electrode. This measure allows secondary electrons to be produced in a highly effective manner.
US07772570B2	Assembly for blocking a beam of radiation and method of blocking a beam of radiation An assembly is provided for blocking a beam of radiation. The assembly has a pipe arranged to transmit at least part of the beam of radiation. The pipe has an inner surface provided with an ablation material and encloses a volume. The assembly further has an ablation generation device. The ablation generation device is arranged to ablate at least a portion of the ablation material upon reception of a blocking signal. The assembly has a control unit, which is arranged to control the ablation generation device.
US07772562B2	Radiation detector In a radiation detector in which scintillator layers are directly formed on all the light receiving parts of a plurality of photoelectric conversion substrates, space and level difference between the adjacent photoelectric conversion substrates are determined so that the effects of these space and level difference fall within a range corresponding to the effect of one photoelectric conversion element. Specifically, the space between the adjacent photoelectric conversion substrates is equal to or less than 133 μm and the level difference between the adjacent photoelectric conversion substrates is equal to or less than 100 μm. Accordingly, the scintillator layers can be directly formed on all the light receiving parts of the plurality of photoelectric conversion substrates. This prevents degradation in MTF and sensitivity and reduces manufacturing costs.
US07772560B2	Radiation detecting cassette and radiation image capturing system A radiation detecting cassette and a radiation image capturing system. A radiation detecting cassette has a radiation detector for detecting a radiation having passed through a patient and converting the detected radiation into radiation image data, a transceiver for transmitting the radiation image data by way of wireless communications, a cassette controller for controlling the radiation detector and the transceiver, a power supply for energizing the radiation detector and the transceiver, and a remaining power supply power level detector for detecting a remaining power level RC [%] of the power supply. The cassette controller includes a data transmission and reception controller. The cassette controller stops transmitting the radiation image data by way of wireless communications and prioritizes the capturing of a radiation image when the detected remaining power level of the power supply is smaller than a predetermined threshold.
US07772559B2	Method for stabilizing the gain of a pet detection system A method for stabilizing the gain of a PET detection system with a cooling unit includes: determining the temperature of at least one component of the PET detection system, comparing the actual gain with a reference value, and actuating the cooling unit to influence the temperature such that the gain tends to the reference value. In at least one embodiment, the reference value is determined by determining the temperature of the at least one component during a test measurement, determining the gain during the test measurement, determining a functional dependence of the gain on the temperature, and selecting the reference value based on the gain to be stabilized. Advantageously, in at least one embodiment the gain can be kept constant using the described method in a simple manner, with the influence of the temperature of the components being taken into account.
US07772557B2	Offset compensation scheduling algorithm for infrared imagers A method of scheduling offset compensation for an infrared (IR) imaging system to maintain good image quality. The method includes a scheduling algorithm for automatic offset compensation. The scheduling algorithm automatically adjusts periods between offset compensations based on the measurement of drift of the focal plane array (FPA) pixel levels. As a result, the periods are adjusted both when the camera is thermally stable and when the camera is undergoing an internal thermal change.
US07772555B2	Plasmon coupling apparatus and method Systems and apparatus enhance transmission of electromagnetic energy through a sub-wavelength aperture. A metal film has an input surface and an output surface and forms the sub-wavelength aperture between the input and output surfaces, a first plurality of grooves on the input surface, and a cavity around the sub-wavelength aperture. The width of the cavity determines a resonant wavelength of electromagnetic energy transmitted through the sub-wavelength aperture. The patterned metal film provides plasmon coupling of electromagnetic energy incident upon the input surface transmit electromagnetic energy through the sub-wavelength aperture.
US07772554B2	Charged particle system To provide a charged particle system capable of facilitating comparison between an actual pattern and an ideal pattern using not only two-dimensional CAD data but also three-dimensional CAD data. According to the present invention, using information about the angle of irradiation of a sample with a charged particle beam, a two-dimensional display of an ideal pattern (design data, such as CAD data, for example) is converted into a three-dimensional display, and the three-dimensional ideal pattern is displayed with an observation image. If the three-dimensional ideal pattern is superimposed on the observation image, comparison thereof can be easily carried out. Examples of the ideal pattern include a circuit pattern (CAD data) based on semiconductor design information, an exposure mask pattern based on an exposure mask used for exposure of a semiconductor wafer, and an exposure simulation pattern based on exposure simulation based on the exposure mask and an exposure condition can be used, and at least one of these patterns is displayed three-dimensionally.
US07772553B2	Scanning electron microscope Disclosed is a scanning electron microscope capable of checking an abrupt change of probe current due to changes in intensities of the respective condenser lenses when the probe current is intended to be changed by changing the intensities of the respective condenser lenses. The scanning electron microscope includes: an electron source for generating a beam of electrons; a first and second condenser lenses each for condensing the beam of electrons; an object lens for narrowly focusing the beam of electrons on a sample; a deflecting system for two-dimensionally scanning over the sample; and a detecting system for detecting secondary electrons generated from the sample due to the irradiation of the beam of electrons on the sample. In the scanning electron microscope, a first and second aperture plates each for blocking parts of the beam of electrons unnecessary for the sample are sequentially arranged between the first and second condenser lenses.
US07772550B2	Electronic drive and acquisition system for mass spectrometry The present invention discloses an mixed signal RF drive electronics board that offers small, low power, reliable, and customizable method for driving and generating mass spectra from a mass spectrometer, and for control of other functions such as electron ionizer, ion focusing, single-ion detection, multi-channel data accumulation and, if desired, front-end interfaces such as pumps, valves, heaters, and columns.
US07772546B2	Portable loeb-eiber mass spectrometer A portable mass spectrometer including an ion source, an ion detector, and a Loeb-Eiber style high-pass ion separator comprising an array of wires. The array can have first and second sets of wires where the distance between adjacent wires is less than the diameter of each of the wires. An electrical generator can be configured to create an electrical current and supply the electrical current to the first set of wires while the second set of wires remains grounded.
US07772545B2	Nuclear logging tool Nuclear logging tool. At least some of the illustrative embodiments are methods comprising placing a logging tool within a borehole proximate to an earth formation, releasing energetic neutrons from the logging tool, and receiving (at a detector within the logging tool) gamma returns indicative of interactions of the neutrons with elements of the logging tool and elements of the formation, and the gammas indicative of neutron interactions with elements of the logging tool are substantially free from gammas indicative of interactions with iron atoms.
US07772543B2	System and method for processing nanowires with holographic optical tweezers A system and method for manipulating and processing nanowires in solution with arrays of holographic optical traps. The system and method of the present invention is capable of creating hundreds of individually controlled optical traps with the ability to manipulate objects in three dimensions. Individual nanowires with cross-sections as small as 20 nm and lengths exceeding 20 μm are capable of being isolated, translated, rotated and deposited onto a substrate with holographic optical trap arrays under conditions where single traps have no discernible influence. Spatially localized photothermal and photochemical processes induced by the well-focused traps can also be used to melt localized domains on individual nanowires and to fuse nanowire junctions.
US07772539B2	System and method for determining characteristic information of an object positioned adjacent to a route A system is provided for determining characteristic information of an object positioned adjacent to a route. The system includes a first camera configured to collect a first set of spectral data of the object. The system further includes a second camera configured to collect a second set of spectral data of the object. The first and second cameras are attached to a powered system traveling along the route. The system further includes a controller coupled to the first camera and the second camera. The controller is configured to determine the characteristic information of the object based on the first set of spectral data and the second set of spectral data of the object. Additionally, a method is provided for determining characteristic information of the object positioned adjust to the route.
US07772533B2	Multi-sensor image capture device Described is a multi-sensor image capture device. The device comprises a first imaging sensor, a second imaging sensor and a light transfer arrangement receiving illumination reflected from an object and aiming the illumination at at least one of the first and second imaging sensors. The first imaging sensor generates first image data as a function of the illumination and the second imaging sensor generates second image data as a function of the illumination.
US07772532B2	Camera and method having optics and photo detectors which are adjustable with respect to each other There are many inventions described herein. Some aspects are directed to methods and/or apparatus to provide relative movement between optics, or portion(s) thereof, and sensors, or portion(s) thereof, in a digital camera. The relative movement may be in any of various directions. In some aspects, relative movement between an optics portion, or portion(s) thereof, and a sensor portion, or portion(s) thereof, are used in providing any of various features and/or in the various applications disclosed herein, including, for example, but not limited to, increasing resolution, optical and electronic zoom, image stabilization, channel alignment, channel-channel alignment, image alignment, lens alignment, masking, image discrimination, range finding, 3D imaging, auto focus, mechanical shutter, mechanical iris, multi and hyperspectral imaging, and/or combinations thereof. In some aspects, movement is provided by actuators, for example, but not limited to MEMS actuators, and by applying appropriate control signal thereto.
US07772530B2	Induction heat treatment of workpieces An apparatus and process are provided for induction heating of a workpiece. The workpiece is moved through an inductor to inductively heat treat the workpiece with electric power of varying frequency and duty cycle or amplitude control to control the magnitude of electric power as the frequency changes. Alternatively the workpiece may be stationary and the inductor can be moved along the workpiece, or combined and coordinated movement of both the workpiece and inductor can be used.
US07772525B2	Ceramic igniters New methods are provided for manufacture ceramic resistive igniter elements that include injection molding of one or more layers of the formed element. Ceramic igniters also are provided that are obtainable from fabrication methods of the invention.
US07772523B2	Laser irradiation apparatus and laser irradiation method It is an object of the present invention to provide a laser irradiation apparatus and a laser irradiation method for conducting a laser process homogeneously to the whole surface of a semiconductor film. A first laser beam emitted from a first laser oscillator passes through a slit and a condensing lens and then enters an irradiation surface. At the same time, a second laser beam emitted from a second laser oscillator is delivered so as to overlap the first laser beam on the irradiation surface. Further, the laser beams are scanned relative to the irradiation surface to anneal the irradiation surface homogeneously.
US07772522B2	Method for scribing substrate of brittle material and scriber A mother glass substrate is continuously heated by a first laser spot LS1 to a temperature which is lower than a softening point of the mother glass substrate, along a scribe line formation line SL on a surface of the mother glass substrate, along which a scribe line is to be formed, while an area close to the first laser spot LS1 is continuously cooled along the scribe line formation line SL; and an area which is close to the cooled area and is on an opposite side to the first laser spot LS1 is continuously heated by a second laser spot LS2 along the scribe line formation line SL to a temperature which is lower than the softening point of the mother glass substrate.
US07772520B2	Hand-held laser cutting apparatus and method using same A hand-held apparatus is disclosed, where that hand-held apparatus comprises a hand piece having an output end, a switch disposed on that hand piece, wherein that switch includes “on” position and an “off” position, and wherein a laser beam is directed outwardly from the output end of the hand piece when the switch is disposed in the “on” position. In certain embodiments, a lasing device is disposed within the hand piece. In other embodiments, a lasing device is disposed external to the hand piece, wherein that lasing device is interconnected with the hand piece by a fiber optic cable.
US07772517B2	Method of making a plurality of tool inserts A method of producing a plurality of tool inserts (20) from a body of polycrystalline ultra-hard material (10), in particular polycrystalline diamond and polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, having major surfaces (12, 14) on each of opposite sides thereof. The method includes the step of simultaneously producing a plurality of spaced holes (16, 26) in the body, each hole generally extending from one major surface to the opposite major surface. The holes are produced by a plurality of electrodes which may be arranged in a desired pattern. The body is severed between the holes to produce the plurality of tool inserts.
US07772513B2	Switchgear and switchgear operating mechanism A switchgear operating mechanism for reciprocatively driving a movable contact of a switchgear so as to shift the switchgear between an open state and a closed state. In the closed state, a roller pushes a leading end of a latch in the direction substantially toward the rotation center of the latch. In a state where the switchgear operating state is shifted from the closed state to the open state, a lock lever is pulled so as to allow the latch to be rotated in the opposite direction to the biasing direction of a latch return spring to release an engagement between the roller and the leading end of the latch, which causes the opening spring to discharge its energy to rotate the sub-shaft.
US07772511B2	Electric power socket module An electric power socket module comprising a socket portion, a switch portion and a plurality of conductive pins is provided. The socket portion and the switch portion are integrally formed and electrically connected in series by using the conductive pins. Thus, conventional wirings and hand-welding can be eliminated to reduce the costs and enhance safety.
US07772510B2	System and method for actuating one or more sliders A system and method according to which one or more sliders are actuated in order to, for example, operate one or more switches such as, for example, one or more circuit breaker switches.
US07772507B2	Switch assembly and associated handheld electronic device An improved switch assembly for use in a handheld electronic device comprises a capacitive sensing system employing a capacitive slider input device to detect navigational inputs, and further provides a pair of switches mounted to the slider on an underside thereof to provide selection or escape inputs as desired.
US07772499B2	Wildlife guard for electrical power distribution and substation facilities A wildlife guard for electrical power equipment including an electrically insulating material with a conductive material therein in a quantity sufficient for the guard to maintain an electrostatic charge when placed in an electrical field.
US07772496B2	Flat cable A flat cable in which at least end portions of a plurality of coaxial cables are securely arranged in parallel on a sheet is characterized in that a flat cable edge-machined portion for electric connection of the coaxial cables is formed at the end portion of the plurality of coaxial cables, and a part of the sheet is made to remain in a band shape across an entire width of the flat cable between a machined edge portion of the edge-machined portion and a distal end of the flat cable, and a jacket of the coaxial cable is secured to the band-shaped sheet.
US07772492B2	Anti-microbial/anti-fungal plastic jacketed/insulated electric power cords Unitary multiple conductor electrical cables, such as electrical power cords, are disclosed. Multiple conductor electrical cables are insulated with one or more layers of a thermoplastic polymer composition. The outer layer of the thermoplastic polymer composition contains an anti-microbial agent that resists biological contamination.
US07772489B2	Network cabinet A network cabinet is provided includes a base member, two pairs of vertical frame rail members connected to the base member, and a top cover supported by at least one of the vertical frame rail members. The base member defines an opening and another opening is defined in the top cover. The vertical frame rail members are positioned spaced apart from four sidewalls from four corners of the cabinet formed by the four sidewalls, where each sidewall includes a panel or a door. The two pairs of vertical frame rail members and the four sidewalls define at least one cable management pathway and at least a portion of the cable management pathway is vertically aligned with at least a portion of the opening of the base member and the opening of the top cover.
US07772487B1	Photovoltaic cell with enhanced energy transfer A photovoltaic apparatus may comprise two or more energy transfer layers and an acceptor layer. The energy transfer layers are configured such that excitons formed by absorption of radiation in one energy transfer layer transfer to an adjacent energy transfer layer that is closer to the acceptor layer by a dipole mechanism without the exciton diffusing to an interface between the two energy transfer layers. This can be achieved by appropriately configuring the HOMO and LUMO (or conduction and valence band) levels of the energy transfer layers and the acceptor layer.
US07772485B2	Polymers with low band gaps and high charge mobility This disclosure relates to a polymer containing a first comonomer repeat unit and a second comonomer repeat unit different from the first comonomer repeat unit. The first comonomer repeat unit includes a cyclopentadithiophene moiety. The polymer can be used as a photoactive material in a photovoltaic cell. This disclosure also relates to such photovoltaic cells, as well as modules containing such photovoltaic cells.
US07772484B2	Photovoltaic module architecture Modules are disclosed. The modules can include a first photovoltaic cell including an electrode, a second photovoltaic cell including an electrode, and an interconnect disposed in the electrode of the first photovoltaic cell and disposed in the electrode of the second photovoltaic cell so that the electrode of the first photovoltaic cell and the electrode of the second photovoltaic cell are connected.
US07772480B2	Interactive music training and entertainment system and multimedia role playing game platform A music training and entertainment system allows a user to input a selection of source music in a native format, and isolates a desired vocal or instrument component within the source music. The user selects the component of the source music against which to be compared. The system suppresses the non-selected components of the source content to isolate the user-selected component. The system receives user input corresponding to the isolated component, and matches the user's performance to the original performance on the basis of pitch, rhythm, and quality comparisons. In a graphical user interface, avatars representing the user and judges are displayed in relation to an audience. Audience reaction is configured to reflect a score obtained by the user. A lyric extraction and generation process displays lyrics to a song in real time to the user as the music track is played.
US07772477B2	Electronic music apparatus with data loading assist An electronic music apparatus has a sound generator for generating a music sound signal according to music data and a display device for displaying information associated with music data. In the electronic music apparatus, a storage medium stores a plurality of music data files, each being written with music data for use in generating the music sound signal. An information retention section retains file information for use in displaying a name or an icon of the respective music data. A reading command section issues a command of reading out a target music data file from the storage medium. A display control section controls the display device when the target music data file is successfully read out, for displaying the name and the icon of the music data written in the read target music data file based on the file information, and controls the display device when the target music data file is failed to be read, for displaying the name and the icon of the music data in a state different from the name and the icon displayed when the target music data file is successfully read out.
US07772472B2	Fipple flute made active by a brass instrument mouthpiece In a fipple flute, an instrument body includes an outer surface defining an interior resonating cavity. An airway extends from the outer surface into the resonating cavity and includes an adaptor which joins a brass instrument mouthpiece with a fipple flute. The tone produced from the brass instrument mouthpiece along with the separate tone generated by the fipple whistle allows the player the ability to create new sounds and harmonies.
US07772471B2	Guitar support In order to allow a two-sided instrument case to also serve as a stand for guitars and the like, when the case is in its open position, a flat plate having a central notch in one end is adapted to be supported between the open case side so it is closely spaced relative to the hinge which joins the case sides. When the case is moved to the closed position, the plate may either be removed for storage in the case with the instrument, or may be alternatively positioned so that it may be folded into a closed position within the case.
US07772466B2	Barley cultivar Pronghorn A barley cultivar, designated Pronghorn, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of barley cultivar Pronghorn, to the plants of barley Pronghorn, and to methods for producing a barley plant produced by crossing barley cultivar Pronghorn with itself or another barley variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a barley plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic barley plants and plant parts produced by those methods. The invention also relates to barley varieties or breeding varieties and plant parts derived from barley cultivar Pronghorn, to methods for producing other barley varieties, lines or plant parts derived from barley cultivar Pronghorn, and to the barley plants, varieties, and their parts derived from the use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid barley seeds and plants produced by crossing barley cultivar Pronghorn with another barley cultivar. This invention further relates to methods for developing other barley varieties or breeding lines derived from variety Pronghorn including cell and tissue culture, haploid systems, mutagenesis, and transgenic derived lines. Pronghorn demonstrates a unique combination of traits for the human food market including waxy starch, hulless seed and increased levels of Beta-glucan fiber and Beta-glucan fiber viscosity.
US07772464B2	Agronomically adapted alfalfa plants with high levels of somatic embryogenesis The invention provides alfalfa plants having adaptation, productivity, winterhardiness, and disease resistance with high levels of somatic embryogenesis. Plants and plant parts of the invention are useful in the efficient development of transgenic alfalfa plants with adaptation, productivity, winterhardiness, and disease resistance.
US07772463B2	Plants with increased activity of a starch phosphorylating enzyme The present invention relates to plant cells and plants, which are genetically modified, whereby the genetic modification leads to an increase in the activity of a starch-phosphorylating OK1 protein in comparison to the corresponding wild type plant cells or wild type plants that have not been genetically modified. In addition, the present invention concerns means and methods for the manufacture of such plant cells and plants. These types of plant cells and plants synthesize a modified starch. Therefore, the present invention also concerns the starches synthesized from the plant cells and plants according to the invention, methods for manufacturing these starches, and the manufacture of starch derivatives of these modified starches, as well as flours containing starches according to the invention.Furthermore, the present invention also relates to nucleic acids, coding starch-phosphorylating OK1 proteins, vectors, host cells, plant cells, and plants containing such nucleic acid molecules. In addition, the present invention relates to OK1 proteins that have starch-phosphorylating activity.
US07772459B2	Transgenic production in saliva The invention relates to the production of proteins and other substances of interest in saliva of transgenic animals, particularly in mammals that produce large quantities of saliva, particularly monogastric ruminants, and ovine, caprine and bovine mammals. Preferred embodiments of the invention relate in particular to the production of foreign and modified proteins in the transgenic saliva of these animals, including particularly human fibrinogen, human prothrombin and human thrombin, among others. The invention relates as well to methods, devices, genetic constructs and to transgenic constructs for making the proteins and other substances of interest, to novel saliva and saliva-derived compositions, novel products from the saliva, and to uses of the saliva, saliva-derived compositions and novel products.
US07772458B2	Animal model for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis A nonhuman transgenic mammal is described whose genome comprises a promoter construct operably linked to a heterologous DNA encoding an epithelial sodium channel β subunit, wherein said promoter construct directs expression of the epithelial sodium channel β subunit in lung epithelial cells of said animal, and wherein said transgenic mammal has increased lung mucus retention as compared to the corresponding wild-type mammal. The animal is useful in screening compounds for activity in treating lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
US07772452B2	Process for recovery of the silica present in the separators between the elements of lead-acid batteries A process for recovery of the silica present in the separators located between the elements of lead-acid batteries characterized in that it comprises the following operations: a) washing the heavy plastics to remove the lead compounds and other foreign bodies, b) separating the plastics from the washing solution, c) lead recovery and regeneration of the washing solution, d) rinsing of the plastics, e) drying of the plastics, f) separation of the granular plastics from the thin plastics (polyethylene with silica filler, PVC, fabrics) by drawing them up in a flow of air making use of the shape effect, g) separation of the PVC and fabrics from the polyethylene with silica filler through fragmentation, h) pyrolysis of the polyethylene with silica filler, i) cracking of the pyrolysis gases and vapours in order to reduce their molecular weight and render them more suitable for handling and combustion to provide the heat necessary for pyrolysis, j) oxidation of the pyrolysis residue to remove carbonaceous residues and recover the silica, k) pyrolysis of the mixture of PVC and fabrics presence of alkaline substances, l) oxidation of the residue from the pyrolysis of PVC and fabrics with the production of inert ashes is described.
US07772451B2	System and method for chemical decontamination of radioactive material A system for chemically decontaminating radioactive material.
US07772450B2	Production of aromatic hydrocarbons and syngas from methane In a process for converting methane to syngas and aromatic hydrocarbons, a feed containing methane is contacted with a dehydrocyclization catalyst under conditions effective to convert said methane to aromatic hydrocarbons and produce a first effluent comprising aromatic hydrocarbons and H2, wherein said first effluent comprises at least 5 wt % more aromatic hydrocarbons than said feed. At least part of the H2 from said first effluent is then reacted with an oxygen-containing species, such as carbon dioxide, to produce a second effluent having an increased H2 and CO content compared with said first effluent.
US07772448B2	Alkylaromatics production A process is described for producing an alkylaromatic compound in a multistage reaction system comprising at least first and second series-connected alkylation reaction zones each containing an alkylation catalyst. A first feed comprising an alkylatable aromatic compound and a second feed comprising an alkene and one or more alkanes are introduced into said first alkylation reaction zone. The operating conditions, e.g. temperature and pressure, of the first alkylation reaction zone are controlled effective to cause the alkylatable aromatic compound to be partly in the vapor phase and partly in the liquid phase, and the ratio of the volume of liquid to the volume of vapor of the feed in each zone to be from about 0.1 to about 10. The aromatic compound and the alkene of the feed are reacted in the presence of the alkylation catalyst to form an effluent comprising the alkylaromatic compound, unreacted alkylatable aromatic compound, any unreacted alkene and the alkane. The effluent is withdrawn from the first alkylation reaction zone and then supplied to the second alkylation reaction zone without removal of the alkane.
US07772447B2	Production of liquid hydrocarbons from methane In a process for converting methane to liquid hydrocarbons, a feed containing methane is contacted with 0 dehydrocyclization catalyst under conditions effective to convert said methane to aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzene and/or naphthalene, and produce a first effluent stream comprising hydrogen and 0t least 5 wt % m>35 aromatic hydrocarbons than said feed. At least part the aromatic hydrocarbons from the first effluent stream is then reacted with hydrogen to produce a second effluent stream having a reduced benzene and/or naphthalene content compared with said first effluent stream.
US07772445B2	Ruthenium catalysts for catalytic hydrogenation The present disclosure relates to a process for the hydrogenation of compounds comprising one or more carbon-oxygen (C═O) double bonds, to provide the corresponding alcohol, comprising contacting the compound with hydrogen gas at and a catalyst comprising a ruthenium-aryl-aminophosphine complex.
US07772444B2	Method for the production of resveratrol in a recombinant oleaginous microorganism Methods to produce resveratrol and/or resveratrol glucoside in a recombinant oleaginous microorganism are provided. Expression of a resveratrol synthase gene in combination with genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway enabled recombinant microbial production of resveratrol in significant amounts.
US07772443B2	Iodine-containing fluoropolyether and process for producing the same An iodine-containing fluoropolyether represented by the following general formula [I]: RfO[CF(CF3)CF2O]mCF(CF3)(CH2)nI [I] (where Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1-3 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 0-10, and n is an integer of 3-12), is a novel compound having a perfluoropolyetheralkyl group capable of giving a flexibility to the molecule chain through the etheral bond, said perfluoropolyether alkyl group being bonded to the alkyl iodide having an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms, and can be produced by reaction of a fluoropolyether group-containing alcohol represented by the following general formula [II]: RfO[CF(CF3)CF2O]mCF(CF3)(CH2)nOH [II] (Where Rf, m, and n have the same meanings as defined above) with a metal iodide, preferably potassium iodide.
US07772439B2	Amino or thiol linker building block for the synthesis of amino- or thiol-functionalized nucleic acids and methods of making and use thereof An amino or thiol linker building block for the synthesis of amino or thiol functionalized amino acids and generally of the following structure: is provided. Such building block may be introduced in the 5′ end position of an amino acid under standard coupling conditions. Such building block allows in-line coupling control, “trityl-on” purification, and solid support functionalization/derivatization. Such building block is a stable, solid compound and can therefore be easily handled. With the building block of the present invention, deprotection may be carried out under standard detritylation conditions.
US07772438B2	Process of making sertraline form I The present invention discloses novel and improved processes for preparation of sertraline hydrochloride crystalline form II. Thus, for example, sertraline free base is dissolved in isoamyl alcohol at 25-30° C., pH of the mass is adjusted to 2.0 with conc. hydrochloric acid (36%) at 25-30° C. and then stirred for 14 hours at 25-30° C. Filtered the solid and dried at 65° C. for 4 hours to give sertraline hydrochloride crystalline form II. The present invention also provides a novel process for preparation of sertraline hydrochloride crystalline form I.
US07772437B2	Process of making sertraline form II The present invention discloses novel and improved processes for preparation of sertraline hydrochloride crystalline form II. Thus, for example, sertraline free base is dissolved in isoamyl alcohol at 25-30° C., pH of the mass is adjusted to 2.0 with conc. hydrochloric acid (36%) at 25-30° C. and then stirred for 14 hours at 25-30° C. Filtered the solid and dried at 65° C. for 4 hours to give sertraline hydrochloride crystalline form II. The present invention also provides a novel process for preparation of sertraline hydrochloride crystalline form I.
US07772434B2	Crystalline form of a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist The invention provides a novel β2 adrenergic receptor agonist in crystalline salt form. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel β2 adrenergic receptor agonist in crystalline salt form, formulations containing the pharmaceutical compositions, methods of using the crystalline salt to treat diseases associated with β2 adrenergic receptor activity, and processes useful for preparing such crystalline compounds.
US07772432B2	Amidobenzamide derivatives which are useful as cytokine inhibitors The invention concerns amide derivatives of the Formula (I) wherein R3 is (1-6C)alkyl or halogeno; Q is aryl or heteroaryl which optionally bears 1, 2, 3 or 4 substituents such as hydroxy, halogeno, trifluoromethyl, cyano, (1-6C)alkyl, (1-6C)alkoxy, halogeno-(1-6C)alkyl, hydroxyl-(1-6C)alkyl, di-[(1-6C)akly]amino-(1-6C)alkyl, hydroxy-(2-6C)alkoxy, (1-6C)alkoxy-(2-6C)alkoxy, di-[(1-6C)alkyl]amino-(2-6C)alkoxy, amino(2-6C)alkylamino, N-(1-6C)alkyl-(1-6C)alkylamino-(2-6C)alkylamino, aryl, aryl-(1-6C)alkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryl-(1-6C)alkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkyl, heterocyclyloxy and heterocyclyl-(1-6C)alkoxy; p is 0-2 and R2 is a substituent such as hydroxy and halogeno; q is 0-4; and R4 includes optionally substituted aryl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl and heterocyclyl; or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or in-vivo-cleavable esters thereof; processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of diseases or medical conditions mediated by cytokines.
US07772429B2	Diphenylazetidinone with improved physiological properties, process for its preparation, medicaments comprising this compound, and its use The invention relates to the compound of the formula 1 and to its physiologically acceptable salts. The compound is suitable, for example, as a hypolipidemic.
US07772427B2	Uses for amino acid anticonvulsants The present invention relates to the use of compounds of the formula for treating obsessive compulsive neurosis.
US07772424B2	Polycarboxylic acid production system employing enhanced evaporative concentration downstream of oxidative digestion Disclosed is an optimized system for more efficiently and economically producing terephthalic acid. The system employs an evaporative removal step downstream of oxidative digestion. The evaporative removal step removes a portion of the liquid phase and promotes precipitation of certain aromatic impurities. By promoting precipitation of certain aromatic impurities, the amount of the precipitated impurities in the recycled solvent is advantageously reduced.
US07772422B2	Integrated process for producing carbonylation acetic acid, acetic anhydride, or coproduction of each from a methyl acetate by-product stream The present invention is directed to using methyl acetate from a vinyl acetate-based or a vinyl-or ethylene-alcohol based polymer or copolymer process directly for use in a methanol carbonylation production process to produce acetic acid, acetic anhydride, or a coproduction of each. Methyl acetate is a by-product of commercial polyvinyl-alcohol or alkene vinyl alcohol copolymer-based processes. Generally, this material is processed to recover methanol and acetic acid. Discussed herein is a cost-saving scheme to by-pass the methyl acetate processing at production or plant facilities and utilize the methyl acetate in an integrated methanol carbonylation unit. The scheme discussed eliminates an expensive hydrolysis step often associated with the polymer process.
US07772421B2	Compositions having HASE rheology modifiers A monomer compound that contains at least one polymerizable functional group per molecule, and at least one bicycloheptyl-, bicycloheptenyl-, or branched (C5-C42)alkyl-polyether radical per molecule, wherein the bicycloheptyl- or bicycloheptenyl- polyether radical may optionally be substituted on one or more of the ring carbon atoms by one or two (C1-C6)alkyl groups per ring carbon atom is useful in making polymers, particularly pH responsive polymers.
US07772417B2	Heterogeneous organotin catalysts Supported heterogeneous organotin catalysts of the formula X1, X2, or X3: wherein Z is a spacer group; Y is an insoluble phenyl-group containing copolymer; R1, R2, R3, R5, and R6 are independently selected from halogen, alkyl, alkylene, phenyl, vinyl, allyl, naphthyl, aralkyl, and Z; and R4 is alkyl, alkylene, phenyl, vinyl, allyl, naphthyl, or aralkyl.
US07772416B2	Data storage materials The invention provides metal-organic complexes useful for storing information in an information storage system. The invention also provides methods for forming such complexes on a substrate, as well as apparatuses and systems comprising such complexes.
US07772413B2	Amide and peptide derivatives of tetraalkylenepentamines as transfection agents The invention relates to newly identified pentamine based surfactant compounds, to the use of such compounds and their production. The invention also relates to the use of the pentamine based compounds to facilitate the transfer of polynucleotides into cells.
US07772410B2	Method for producing phthalic anhydride Processes comprising: (a) providing a reactant comprising a component selected from the group consisting of o-xylene, naphthalene and mixtures thereof, and a gas comprising oxygen; (b) reacting the reactant and the gas in a reaction system, in the presence of a catalyst, to form phthalic anhydride; wherein the reaction system comprises: (i) at least two reaction zones, each reaction zone cooled with a coolant; and (ii) an intermediate cooling zone disposed between a first of the at least two reaction zones and a second of the at least two reaction zones; and wherein the coolant entering the first of the at least two reaction zones has a temperature which is more than 20° C. higher than a temperature of the coolant entering the second of the at leas two reaction zones.
US07772400B2	Optical resolution method of amlodipine The present invention relates to a method for optical resolution of amlodipines by using isopropanol solvent and optically active O,O′-dibenzoyl tartaric acid as chiral reagent. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method comprising (a) obtaining (R)- or (S)-amlodipine dibenzoyl tartrate salt or solvate thereof by reacting (R,S)-amlodipines with optically active O,O′-dibenzoyl tartaric acid in isopropanol solvent, and (b) treating the (R)- or (S)-amlodipine salt with a base, thus obtaining optically active amlodipine.
US07772398B2	Process for making crystalline form I of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate A process for preparation of crystalline Form I of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate, that include separating the crystalline Form I of clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate from a solution of clopidogrel freebase in a solvent, which is 2-propanol or 2-butanol is provided.
US07772394B2	Zaleplon synthesis A process for making zaleplon comprising alkylating 3-[3-(dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-phenyl]-acetamide with ethyl iodide in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide or alkoxide selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, sodium tert-butoxide or potassium tert-butoxide in an aprotic solvent to give N-ethyl-[3-[3-(dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-phenyl]-acetamide, condensing N-ethyl-[3-[3-(dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-phenyl]-acetamide and 3-amino-4-cyanopyrazole, and isolating zaleplon from the reaction. Preferably, the condensing is done in the presence of (a) a water immiscible organic acid; (b) a cation exchange resin; or (c) a water miscible organic acid in water or in a C-1 to C-4 alcohol or in a mixture of water and a C-1 to C-4 alcohol.
US07772393B2	Photochemical crosslinkers for polymer coatings and substrate tie-layer The invention describes novel crosslinking compounds that include photoactivatable moieties. Several families of compounds are disclosed that can include one or more hydrophilic moieties that help to solubilize the compounds in aqueous environments.
US07772392B2	Therapeutic substituted β-lactams Compounds comprising or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a prodrug thereof; wherein a dashed line indicates the presence or absence of a bond; Y is an organic acid group, or an amide or ester thereof comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; or Y is hydroxymethyl or an ether thereof comprising from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; or Y is a tetrazolyl group; A is —(CH2)6—, cis —CH2CH═CH—(CH2)3—, or —CH2C≡C—(CH2)3—, wherein 1 or 2 carbon atoms may be substituted with S or O; or A is —(CH2)m—Ar—(CH2)o— wherein Ar is interarylene or heterointerarylene, the sum of m and o is from 1 to 4, and wherein one CH2 may be replaced with S or O; J is CHOH, C═O, CH2CHOH, or CH2C═O; and Ar1 is aryl, heteroaryl, CH2-aryl, CH2-heteroaryl, O-aryl, O-heteroaryl, S-aryl, or S-heteroaryl.
US07772388B2	Inhibition of metallo-β-lactamase A method to identify a high affinity nucleic acid ligand to inhibit the activity of a lactamase enzyme. The method comprises several steps that initially involve preparing a candidate mixture of nucleic acids. The candidate mixture of nucleic acids is then allowed to make contact with the lactamase enzyme under controlled conditions of temperature, ionic strength and pH; the combination forms a candidate-enzyme mixture. The target nucleic acids are partitioned from the remainder of the candidate mixture. The target nucleic acids that have been partitioned are amplified to yield a pool of nucleic acids enriched with target nucleic acid sequences. The enriched pool of target nucleic acids have a relatively higher affinity and specificity for binding to the lactamase, whereby nucleic acid ligand of the lactamase are identified. Nucleic acid ligands that inhibit an activity of lactamase. The lactamase includes class B, metallo-β-lactamase.
US07772384B2	Labelled nucleotides Nucleosides and nucleotides are disclosed that are linked to detectable labels via a cleavable linker group.
US07772382B2	Chitosan derivative and method of producing same Provided is a chitosan derivative having a high optical resolving power. Specifically provided is a chitosan derivative represented by the following Formula (I). wherein R1 represents an aliphatic group or an aromatic group having a carbon number of 1 to 30 which may have a substituent; R2 represents a substituent originating from an isocyanic acid derivative, carboxylic acid, ester, acid halide, acid amide compound, halide compound, aldehyde, or alcohol; and n is an integer of 5 or more.
US07772380B2	Ceramide derivatives as modulators of immunity and autoimmunity α-Galactosylceramides and glycosylceramides (“ceramide-like glycolipids”) that modulate NK T cells. The ceramide-like glycolipids vary in the cytokines induced in NK T cells and vary in the antigen-presenting cells that are capable of efficiently presenting the compounds to NK T cells. Pharmaceutical compositions of the ceramide-like glycolipids are provided, as are pharmaceutical compositions of the ceramide-like glycolipids combined with dendritic cells. Methods utilizing the ceramide-like glycolipids in vaccines, to activate NK T cells, to stimulate the immune system, and to treat mammals are also provided. The invention also provides methods of evaluating a compound for its ability to activate an NK T cell in the presence of a cell expressing a CD1d protein.
US07772375B2	Monoclonal antibodies that recognize epitopes of amyloid-beta The present invention is related to methods and compositions for the therapeutic and diagnostic use in the treatment of diseases and disorders which are caused by or associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins including amyloidosis, a group of disorders and abnormalities associated with amyloid protein such as Alzheimer's disease. The present invention provides novel methods and compositions comprising highly specific and highly effective antibodies having the ability to specifically recognize and bind to specific epitopes from a range of β-amyloid proteins. The antibodies enabled by the teaching of the present invention are particularly useful for the treatment of diseases and disorders which are caused by or associated with amyloid or amyloid-like proteins including amyloidosis, a group of diseases and disorders associated with amyloid plaque formation including secondary amyloidosis and age-related amyloidosis including, but not limited to, neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
US07772374B2	Spore specific antibodies The invention relates to spore specific antibodies. Compositions and methods relating to the antibodies are provided along with the hybridomas that produce the antibodies. The antibodies are specific for the spores of Bacillus anthracis relative to the vegetative form of the cells. The antibodies are also specific for the spores relative to other Bacillus spores and cells. The antibodies may be used to detect the presence of Bacillus anthracis spores by use of methods provided herein. The invention also relates to articles of manufacture as well as kits comprising these antibodies which may be used in the detection methods of the invention.
US07772373B2	Internalizing anti-CD74 antibodies and methods of use The present invention provides humanized, chimeric and human anti-CD74 antibodies, CD74 antibody fusion proteins, immunoconjugates, vaccines and bispecific that bind to CD74, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class-II invariant chain, Ii, which is useful for the treatment and diagnosis of B-cell disorders, such as B-cell malignancies, other malignancies in which the cells are reactive with CD74, and autoimmune diseases, and methods of treatment and diagnosis.
US07772366B2	Inhibitors of interleukin-1β converting enzyme The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1β converting enzyme. The ICE inhibitors of this invention are characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against interleukin-1 mediated diseases, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity and methods for treating interleukin-1 mediated diseases using the compounds and compositions of this invention.
US07772358B2	Polytriazoles constructed by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition A process of synthesizing hyperbranched polytriazoles, linear and hyperbranched poly(aroyltriazoles) by Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The polytriazoles were prepared by A2+B3 method to avoid self-polymerization during monomer preparation and storage. The polymers are light emissive and can be crosslinked to generate well-resolution photopatterns upon UV irradiation. White light emission patterns were observed with fluorescence microscopy. The high molecular weight poly(aroyltriazoles) (up to 26000 Da) are prepared in high yields (up to 92.0%) and with high regioselectivity (the ratio of 1,4- and 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole is equal or larger than 9:1). The polycyclomerization is not moisture or oxygen sensitive and therefore, no special precautions are necessary before and during the reaction. All the polymers are processible, easily film-forming, and curable into thermosets by heat or irradiation. The hyperbranched polymers can act as fluorescent adhesive materials with large tensile strength.
US07772357B2	Hydrolytically degradable polymers and hydrogels made therefrom A water soluble polymer comprising multiple degradable carbonate linkages in a backbone and, for each carbonate linkage in the backbone, an oligomer linked thereto by the carbonate linkage, wherein the oligomer is branched.
US07772355B2	Divinylsilane-terminated aromatic ether-aromatic ketone-containing compounds A compound having the formula: Each Ar is an aromatic group. Each R is an alkyl group. The value n is a positive integer. The values of w, x, y, and z are 0 or 1. If y is 0 than x and z are 0 and w is 1, and if y is 1 than x and z have different values and w equals z. A thermoset made by crosslinking a silane-containing compound with the above compound. A method of making the above compound when y is 1 by: reacting 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone with an aromatic diol to form an oligomer; and reacting the oligomer with a vinyl dialkylsilane. A method of making the below compound by: reacting 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone with a vinyl dialkylsilane. Each R is an independently selected alkyl group.
US07772354B2	Golf ball layer compositions comprising modified amine curing agents Polyurethane-based and polyurea-based compositions including modified amine curing agents for use in golf ball layers where modified amine curing agent of the invention allows control of the reaction rate by providing a composition with both primary and secondary amine linkages.
US07772352B2	Bioabsorbable and biocompatible polyurethanes and polyamides for medical devices Absorbable polyurethanes, polyamides and polyester urethanes prepared from at least one compound selected from: or the diamines and diisocyanates thereof, wherein each X represents a member independently selected from —CH2COO— (glycolic acid moiety), —CH(CH3)COO— (lactic acid moiety), —CH2CH2OCH2COO— (dioxanone), —CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2COO— (caprolactone moiety), —(CH2)yCOO— where y is one of the numbers 2, 3, 4 or 6-24 inclusive, and —(CH2CH2O)z′CH2COO— where z′ is an integer between 2 and 24, inclusive; each Y represents a member independently selected from —COCH2O— (glycolic ester moiety), —COCH(CH3)O— (lactic ester moiety), —COCH2OCH2CH2O— (dioxanone ester), —COCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2O— (caprolactone ester), —CO(CH2)mO— where m is an integer between 2, 3, 4 or 6-24 inclusive, —COCH2O(CH2CH2O)n— where n is an integer between 2 and 24, inclusive; R′ is hydrogen, benzyl or an alkyl group, the alkyl group being either straight-chained or branched; p is an integer between 1 and 4, inclusive; and Rn represents one or more members selected from H, alkoxy, benzyloxy, aldehyde, halogen, carboxylic acid and —NO2, which is attached directly to an aromatic ring or attached through an aliphatic chain. Absorbable polymers prepared from these compounds are useful for drug delivery, tissue engineering, tissue adhesives, adhesion prevention and other implantable medical devices.
US07772350B2	Method for preparing PolyOrganoSiloxanes (POS) by ring (S)—opening polymerization and/or POS redistribution in the presence of carbene (S) and POS compounds produced by said method A method for preparing polyorganosiloxanes (POS) by a ring-opening polymerization and/or linear, non-linear or cyclic POS redistribution in the presence of a nucleophilic carbene. The initial efficiency of the POS conversion is substantially increased at low temperature, resulting in less residual content of initial POS.
US07772348B2	Metal-containing compound and use thereof A compound having two or more thiol groups and an atom selected from metal atoms in a molecule, a polythiol composition containing such a compound, a polymerizable composition containing such a polythiol composition, a resin obtained by polymerization of such a polymerizable composition, and an optical component obtained from such a resin are provided. The polymerizable composition can be a raw material for a resin having high transparency, good heat resistance and mechanical strength required for optical components such as plastic lenses and the like, while attaining a high refractive index (nd) exceeding 1.7.
US07772347B2	Binder and fiber glass product from maillard reactants The present disclosure is directed to cured and uncured binders useful in the fabrication of products from loosely assembled fibers. For example, the disclosure describes cured and uncured binders useful in the fabrication of products from loosely assembled glass fibers. The disclosure also describes methods of fabricating products from loosely assembled fibers utilizing the aforementioned binders.
US07772346B2	Highly stereoregular polypropylene with improved properties Propylene polymers having a content of isotactic pentads (mmmm) higher than 97%, molecular weight distribution, expressed by the formula (a) ratio, equal to or higher than 6 and a value of formula (b) ratio equal to or lower than 5.5. The said polymers are prepared in the presence of a particular combination of Ziegler-Natta solid catalyst components and highly stereoregulating electron-donor compounds. Laminated articles, in particular bi-axially oriented films and sheets, can be prepared with the said polymers. M _ w / M _ n ( a ) M _ z / M _ w ( b )
US07772344B2	Insulating film-forming composition It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition capable of forming an insulating film which is endowed with a low dielectric constant, heat resistance, chemical resistance and a high mechanical strength that enables the insulating film to withstand CMP, and which, when an inorganic insulating film layer is provided thereon as an overlying layer, has a high adherence thereto. The composition for forming an insulating film contains polyphenylene, wherein the polyphenylene in an insulating film formed from the composition has a number of carbon atoms (C) and a number of oxygen atoms (O) which together satisfy a condition O/(C+O)≧0.050. With the composition, the above object is attained.
US07772340B2	Alkoxyamines originating from β-phoshorated nitroxides and use thereof in radical polymerisation A subject-matter of the invention is alkoxyamines resulting from β-phosphorated nitroxides corresponding to the formula: in which R represents an alkyl radical having a number of carbon atoms ranging from 1 to 3, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a residue: in which R3 represents an alkyl radical having a number of carbon atoms ranging from 1 to 20, and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical having a number of carbon atoms ranging from 1 to 8, a phenyl radical, an alkali metal, such as Li, Na or K, H4N+, Bu4N+ or Bu3HN+, exhibiting a kinetic dissociation constant kd, measured at 120° C. by EPR, of greater than 0.05 s−1. These compounds can be used as initiators for the (co)polymerizations of at least one monomer which can be polymerized by the radical route.
US07772335B1	Light olefin selective oxygenate conversion process using CHA framework type aluminosilicate The invention relates to a method for converting an oxygenated hydrocarbon feedstock into an olefin product comprising: (a) forming a CHA framework type aluminosilicate sieve catalyst made from a substantially fluoride-free synthesis mixture comprising silicon and aluminum sources, a slurry medium, and a template, wherein the sieve is substantially free from framework phosphorus and exhibits a Si/Al ratio from about 40-60; (b) optionally formulating the molecular sieve catalyst with an oxidized aluminum-containing precursor matrix material and a clay binder to form a molecular sieve catalyst composition; (c) activating the catalyst by removing/decomposing the template; and (d) contacting the activated catalyst with the feedstock under conditions sufficient to form an olefin product comprising ≧about 65% by weight, on a water-free basis, of ethylene and propylene and having an ethylene-to-propylene ratio ≧about 1.2. Ethylene- and propylene-containing polymers can be formed from the olefin product.
US07772331B2	Method of producing low viscosity phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon formaldehyde resin Provided is a method of producing a low viscosity phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon formaldehyde resin (C), including subjecting an aromatic hydrocarbon formaldehyde resin (A) and a phenol (B) to condensation reaction under the presence of an acid catalyst. The method includes: terminating, when a reaction mixture has a viscosity at 25° C. of 200 to 1,500 mPa·S, the condensation reaction by adding an inorganic basic compound and/or a tertiary amine compound having a boiling point of 300° C. or more; and distilling and removing the phenol (B) unreacted and a low boiling component after termination of the condensation reaction, whereby there can be produced a low viscosity phenol-modified aromatic hydrocarbon formaldehyde resin which is kept in a liquid state and contains small amounts of unreacted phenols, and in which increase in viscosity is small even after removal of low boiling components.
US07772327B2	Fluorine-containing elastomer and composition thereof for crosslinking To provide a novel crosslinking system of fluorine-containing elastomer giving a crosslinked product particularly having improved mechanical strength and compression set at high temperature. A fluorine-containing rubber composition comprising a fluorine-containing elastomer having carboxyl group and/or alkoxycarbonyl group at an end of a trunk chain and/or branched chain as a crosslinkable group.
US07772321B2	Polymer dispersions in polyester polyols The present invention relates to polymer dispersions in polyester polyols, a process for producing them and their use for the production of polyurethanes, in particular microcellular polyurethanes. These polyester polyols have sulfur atoms and are free of olefinically unsaturated groups.
US07772318B2	Aqueous polymer dispersions An aqueous polymer dispersion comprising polymer particles (A), polymer particles (B) and at least one low molecular weight polymer (C) where polymer particles (A) comprise high molecular weight polymer pA having Mw >50,000 and acid number of from 0 to 160, polymer particles (B) comprise high molecular weight polymer pB having Mw >50,000 and acid number of from 0 to 160, and C is an addition polymer having a calculated Tg,(low) of less than 10° C., Mn <10,000, acid number of from 0 to 80, formed by the polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomer.
US07772317B2	Resin molding material Provided is a resin molding material having a remarkably excellent abrasion resistance while maintaining a favorable mechanical strength. The resin molding material is improved in deterioration of the abrasion resistance caused by an abrasive powder generated from an inorganic substance, particularly from a glass fiber or the like. The resin molding material contains a resin, a carbon substance and an inorganic substance. The carbon substance contains an adhesive carbon substance.
US07772316B2	High temperature polyamide coating for fasteners A high temperature polyamide coating and a fastener coated with a composition that includes from about 60 wt. % to about 80 wt. % of an aliphatic polyamide having a repeating unit. The composition also includes from about 3 wt. % to about 9 wt. % of an epoxy based resin having a molecular weight in the range from about 525 to about 585, from about 4 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of a ceramic microsphere material and from about 2 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of a thermoplastic methacrylate binder, from about 4 wt. % to about 12 wt. % of crushed glass, from about 0.1 wt. % to about 1 wt. % of a polyamide with a secondary amino group as a curing agent, and the balance of an epoxy based curing agent.
US07772310B2	Polyacetal resin composition The present invention provides a polyacetal resin composition comprising (I) a polyacetal resin; and per 100 parts by weight thereof, (II) more than 5 parts by weight but less than 100 parts by weight of calcium carbonate, wherein the calcium carbonate has an average particle diameter of 0.1 to less than 1.5 μm and an average aspect ratio (L/D) which is a ratio of average major axis (L) of particles to average minor axis (D) of particles (D) of 3 or less; (III) 0.005 to 10 parts by weight of an organic acid; and (IV) 0 to less than 0.05 part by weight of a fatty acid ester, wherein the amount of Na relative to Ca is 250 ppm or less while the amount of Sr relative to Ca is 500 to 2500 ppm. The resin composition of the invention is excellent in a balance of thermal stability and mechanical properties, such as rigidity and toughness, also excellent in anti-creep life, fatigue resistance and acid resistance, so that it can be suitably used in various fields, such as automobile, electrical/electronic and other industries.
US07772308B2	Air barrier composition for innertubes According to the invention, a processing aid is used to improve processing in a green (uncured) rubber composition, such as in downstream in-plant processing of an innertube compound, and maintaining, or more preferably, reducing the air permeability of the cured composition, e.g., innertube compound. In embodiments, another of the advantages of the present invention is that the processing aid according to the invention can be used in addition to or as a replacement for the other processing aids and oils.
US07772306B2	Cyanoacrylate compositions having increased stability under irradiation A series of mixtures of N-butyl cyanoacrylate and 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate monomers having specific and differing concentrations of free radical inhibitor/antioxidant stabilizers for each mixture of the two monomers. This results in cyanoacrylate compositions that can withstand radiation such as E-beam and gamma radiation at any desired level and not be adversely affected.
US07772305B2	Hydrogenated NBR composition A hydrogenated NBR composition, which comprises 100 parts by weight of a hydrogenated NBR having an acrylonitrile content of 25-44% by weight and an iodine number of 32-65, or a blend of the hydrogenated NBRs themselves, 2-23 parts by weight of an ester-based plasticizer, and 0.5-10 parts by weight of an organic peroxide, and preferably further contains 0.5-10 parts by weight of a polyfunctional unsaturated compound, can give molding products having distinguished oil resistance and fuel oil resistance as well as distinguished heat resistance and cold resistance, and thus can be used as suitable molding materials for intake manifold gaskets of automobile engines.
US07772303B2	Flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition having excellent weatherability Disclosed herein is a flame retardant thermoplastic resin composition having excellent weatherability comprising (A) about 100 parts by weight of a rubber modified aromatic vinyl resin comprising (a1) about 15 to about 100% by weight of a grafted copolymer resin prepared by graft-polymerizing about 5 to 65% by weight of a rubbery polymer, about 10 to 95% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer and about 0 to 40% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with said aromatic vinyl monomer; and (a2) about 0 to 85% by weight of a copolymer resin prepared by polymerizing about 40 to 90% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer and about 10 to 60% by weight of a monomer copolymerizable with said aromatic vinyl monomer; (B) about 0.1 to about 10 parts by weight of a ring-shaped alkyl phosphonate ester compound; and (C) about 0.05 to about 3 parts by weight of a HALS compound.
US07772302B2	Incorporation of plastic scrap in asphalt compositions Scrap plastic is treated for incorporation into asphalt-aggregate compositions by first shredding the plastic, then heating the shredded plastic to harden any pieces of film or flexible plastic and to generally reduce the size of the shreds without decomposing the plastic, and then grinding the heat-treated pieces to a size that can be blended with an aggregate. The blend is then combined with an asphalt binder to produce an asphalt-aggregate composition. No discrimination among, or selection of, specific types or classes of plastic is required.
US07772300B2	Polymer composition and use of the same as an additive in aqueous construction systems and water-based paint and coating systems A polymeric composition consisting of water-soluble or water-swellable copolymers containing sulfo groups and nonionic polysaccharide derivatives, such as methylcellulose (MC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), methylhydroxyethylcellulose (MHEC), methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC) and welan gum or diutan gum, and the use thereof as an additive in aqueous construction systems based on hydraulic binders, such as cement, lime, gypsum or anhydrite, is described. The composition can also be used in water-based paint and coating systems. The composition according to the invention exhibits a synergistic improvement of the properties and, when used in relatively small amounts, constitutes highly effective water retention agents in such construction and paint systems, which also achieve outstanding air pore stability and tack.
US07772298B2	Clear ink composition, ink set, and ink jet recording method using the same Ink jet recording is carried out using an ink set including a clear ink composition that contains polymer fine particles and does not contain a colorant, a yellow ink composition, a magenta ink composition, a cyan ink composition, a red ink composition, a violet ink composition, and a black ink composition, whereby a high-quality recorded article having excellent recorded image coloration and glossiness can be obtained.
US07772297B2	Method for stabilizing refractive index profiles using polymer mixtures A method for making an optical element comprises polymerizing a first monomer to form a first polymer, the first polymer having a spatially varying degree of cure that provides a predetermined refractive index profile; and polymerizing a second monomer in the presence of the first polymer to form a second polymer intermixed with the first polymer, the second polymer stabilizing the first polymer and the refractive index profile.
US07772293B2	Ionic liquid solvents and a process for the depolymerization of polyamides An improved process for the hydrolysis of nylon polymer is herein disclosed using ionic liquids and optionally one equivalent of sulfuric acid per amide residue of the polymer. The process provides for a simplified means for separation of the hydrolyzed polyamide constituent monomers.
US07772288B2	Group III nitride coatings and methods The invention provides a composition that is a dispersion made from a Group III nitride, a solvent system, and a dispersant. The dispersion can be used to prepare Group III nitride thin films on a wide range of substrates, for example, glass, silicon, silicon dioxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, aluminum nitride, sapphire, and organic polymers. The particle size of the Group III nitride used for producing the thin films can be controlled by adjusting centrifugation of the dispersion and selecting a desired layer of supernatant. The dispersant can be removed from the thin films by calcination. The Group III nitride can contain a dopant. Doped Group III nitride thin films can emit visible light upon irradiation. Green, red, and yellow light emissions result from irradiating erbium-, europium-, and cerium-doped gallium nitride, respectively.
US07772287B2	Process and apparatus for producing emulsion and microcapsules A process and apparatus for rapidly producing an emulsion and microcapsules in a simple manner is provided wherein a dispersion phase is ejected from a dispersion phase-feeding port toward a continuous phase flowing in a microchannel in such a manner that flows of the dispersion phase and the continuous phase cross each other, thereby obtaining microdroplets, formed by the shear force of the continuous phase, having a size smaller than the width of the channel for feeding the dispersion phase.
US07772285B2	Benzophenone derivatives or salts thereof A benzophenone derivative represented by the following formula: wherein R1 represents, for example, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group, or a substituted phenyl group; Z represents, for example, an alkylene group; R2 represents, for example, a carboxyl group optionally protected with alkyl; R3 represents, for example, an optionally protected hydroxyl group; R4 represents, for example, an optionally substituted cycloalkyloxy group; and R5 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom, or a salt thereof has anti-arthritic activity, inhibits bone destruction caused by arthritis, and provides high safety and excellent pharmacokinetics and thus is useful as therapeutic agent for arthritis. These compounds have inhibitory effect on AP-1 activity and are useful as preventive or therapeutic agent for diseases in which excessive expression of AP-1 is involved.
US07772280B2	Crystals of L-ornithine and process for producing the same The present invention provides crystals of L-ornithine and a process for producing the crystals of L-ornithine including the steps of (i) exposing L-ornithine or a salt thereof, a composition comprising L-ornithine or a salt thereof, or a solution containing L-ornithine, a salt thereof, or the composition to a cation exchange resin to adsorb L-ornithine onto the cation exchange resin; (ii) eluting L-ornithine from the cation exchange resin on which L-ornithine is adsorbed with an aqueous alkaline solution, and removing an alkaline component from the resulting eluate to prepare an aqueous L-ornithine solution; and (iii) mixing the aqueous L-ornithine solution with a hydrophilic organic solvent, and crystallizing L-ornithine from the resulting mixed solution.
US07772279B2	Use of vegetable butter-based cetyl myristoleate for treating osteoarthritis and other musculoskeletal disease conditions and injuries A vegetable butter based dietary supplement of cetyl myristoleate is disclosed for use in the treatment of osteoarthritis and other joint inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system in animals, especially equines. In its preferred form, the cetyl myristoleate is a vegetable butter-based and is administered in doses of about 4000 to about 4500 mg. The dosage may also include 3000 mg methylsulfonylmethane, 3000 mg glucosamine HCL and 1000 mg of Vitamin C.
US07772275B2	Compositions and method for treating affective, painful or allergic disorders Therapeutic compositions of doxepin and having a preponderance of the cis doxepin isomer over the trans doxepin isomer provide therapeutic effects for affective, painful, or allergic disorders without the sedative effects commonly experienced with compositions having a preponderance of the trans doxepin isomer.
US07772273B2	Stabilized atorvastatin A stable pharmaceutical composition for oral administration comprising atorvastatin and an amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable organic alkalizing compound capable of establishing a microenvironment for atorvastatin having a pH of at least about 5, for example 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (trometamol).
US07772270B2	Imino acid derivatives as inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases The invention relates to a bicycloazaheterocyclyl carboxylic acid sulfonamide derivative of formula I herein, pharmaceutical preparation comprising it, process for preparing it and method for its pharmaceutical use.
US07772268B2	Diacyl indazole derivatives as lipase and phospholipase inhibitors The invention relates to diacyl indazole derivatives of general formulae (I) or (II) and to the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: Wherein X, R1 and R2 are as defined herein. The invention also relates to the use of these compounds to treat diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic disorders.
US07772267B2	Bicyclic modulators of androgen receptor function There are provided compounds according to formula I wherein the substitutents are as described herein. Further provided are methods of using such compounds for the treatment of nuclear hormone receptor-associated conditions, such as age related diseases, for example sarcopenia. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and processes for preparing some of the compounds of the invention. Other embodiments are also disclosed.
US07772265B2	2-oxadiazolechromone derivatives Novel compounds of the formula I in which R, X and n are as defined herein, are inhibitors of tyrosine kinase and can be employed for the treatment of tumours, for neuroprotection and for protection of the stress proteins of the skin.
US07772264B2	Salt and polymorphs of a DPPIV inhibitor The invention is concerned with (S)-1-{[2-(5-Methyl-2-phenyl-oxazol-4-yl)-ethylamino]-acetyl}-pyrrolidine-2-carbonitrile mesylate and crystalline polymorphs of this compound. This compound and its polymorphic forms exhibits superior properties compared to the previously known compounds and can be used as medicament for the treatment of disorders which are associated with DPP-IV.
US07772259B2	1,2,4-Oxadiazole benzoic acid compounds and their use for nonsense suppression and the treatment of disease Novel 1,2,4-oxadiazole benzoic acid compounds, methods of using and pharmaceutical compositions comprising an 1,2,4-oxadiazole benzoic acid derivative are disclosed. The methods include methods of treating or preventing a disease ameliorated by modulation of premature translation termination or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, or ameliorating one or more symptoms associated therewith.
US07772255B2	Method of treating tumors with azaxanthones The use of azaxanthones for treating diseases associated with tumor cells which express one or more protein of S100 family, and in treating patients that have malignancies consisting of tumors of an epithelial or mesenchymel nature, where these compounds are effective in retarding the progression and/or metastasis of these tumors.
US07772254B2	Therapeutic agents useful for treating pain The present invention discloses a compound of formula: where Ar1, Ar2, X, Z1, Z2, R3, and m are as disclosed herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (a “Pyridylene Compound”); compositions comprising an effective amount of a Pyridylene Compound; and methods for treating or preventing pain or other conditions in an animal comprising administering to an animal in need thereof an effective amount of a Pyridylene Compound.
US07772253B2	Amide derivatives as somatostatin receptor 5 antagonists This invention is concerned with compounds of the formula wherein R1 to R5, R5′ and A are as defined in the description and claims, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, to a process for their preparation and to their use for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases which are associated with the modulation of SST receptors subtype 5.
US07772251B2	N-sulphonylated amino acid derivatives, method for the production and use thereof The present invention relates to N-sulfonylated amino acid derivatives, where an aryl radical is linked via the sulfonyl group N-terminally to the amino acid and a radical which comprises at least one imino group and at least one further basic group which represents an optionally modified amino, amidino or guanidino group is linked C-terminally via the carbonyl group. The invention likewise relates to processes for preparing these compounds and to their use, in particular as inhibitors of matriptase.
US07772250B2	Compounds This invention relates to cinnamate salts of 5-[(R)-2-(2-{4-[4-(2-amino-2-methyl-propoxy)-phenylamino]-phenyl}-ethylamino)-1-hydroxy-ethyl]-8-hydroxy-1H-quinolin-2-one.
US07772247B2	Substituted thieno[3,2-d]pyridines as inhibitors of the VEGF receptor and HGF receptor The invention relates to the inhibition of VEGF receptor signaling and HGF receptor signaling. The invention provides compounds and methods for inhibiting VEGF receptor signaling and HGF receptor signaling. The invention also provides compositions and methods for treating cell proliferative diseases and conditions
US07772246B2	Pyrazole compounds as RAF inhibitors The present invention is directed to compounds of Formula (I), and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, their synthesis, and their use as Raf inhibitors.
US07772243B2	4-phenylamino-quinazolin-6-yl-amides This invention provides quinazoline compounds of the formula: wherein: R1 is halo; R2 is H or halo; R3 is a) C1-C3 alkyl, optionally substituted by halo; or b) —(CH2)n-morpholino, —(CH2)n-piperidine, —(CH2)n-piperazine, —(CH2)n—-piperazine-N(C1-C3 alkyl), —(CH2)n-pyrrolidine, or —(CH2)n-imidazole; n is 1 to 4; R4 is —(CH2)m-Het; Het is morpholine, piperidine, piperazine, piperazine-N(C1-C3 alkyl), imidazole, pyrrolidine, azepane, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyridine, or 3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine, each optionally substituted by alkyl, halo, OH, NH2, NH(C1-C3 alkyl) or N (C1-C3 alkyl)2; m is 1-3; and X is O, S or NH; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as well as processes and intermediate compounds for making them, useful pharmaceutical compositions and methods of using the compounds in the treatment of proliferative diseases.
US07772238B2	Benzothiophene hydroxamic acid derivatives The present invention relates to a novel class of hydroxamic acid derivatives. The hydroxamic acid compounds can be used to treat cancer. The hydroxamic acid compounds can also inhibit histone deacetylase and are suitable for use in selectively inducing terminal differentiation, and arresting cell growth and/or apoptosis of neoplastic cells, thereby inhibiting proliferation of such cells. Thus, the compounds of the present invention are useful in treating a patient having a tumor characterized by proliferation of neoplastic cells. The compounds of the invention are also useful in the prevention and treatment of TRX-mediated diseases, such as autoimmune, allergic and inflammatory diseases, and in the prevention and/or treatment of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as neurodegenerative diseases. The present invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising the hydroxamic acid derivatives and safe dosing regimens of these pharmaceutical compositions, which are easy to follow, and which result in a therapeutically effective amount of the hydroxamic acid derivatives in vivo.
US07772223B2	Carboxamide derivatives as muscarinic receptor antagonists The invention relates to compounds of formula processes and intermediates for their preparation, their use as muscarinic antagonists and pharmaceutical composition containing them.
US07772221B2	Diaminopropane derived macrocycles as inhibitors of β amyloid production There is provided a series of macrocyclic diaminopropanes of Formula (I) or a stereoisomer; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, m, n, W, X, Y, Z and L as defined herein, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. These novel compounds inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase and, more specifically, inhibit the production of Aβ-peptide. The present disclosure is directed to compounds useful in the treatment of neurological disorders related to β-amyloid production, such as Alzheimer's disease and other conditions affected by anti-amyloid activity.
US07772219B2	Methods of hormonal treatment utilizing extended cycle contraceptive regimens The present invention provides extended cycle contraceptive regimens in which a female is administered a combined dosage form of estrogen and progestin. The disclosed extended cycle contraceptive regimens can be administered to a female as a method of providing non-contraceptive benefits.
US07772216B2	Protein kinase and phosphatase inhibitors and methods for designing them The present invention provides a method for identifying inhibitors of protein kinases and/or protein phosphatases. Methods are also provided for inhibiting protein kinase and/or protein phosphatase activity. Specific non-peptide protein tyrosine kinase and/or protein phosphatase inhibitors are provided. The protein kinase or protein phosphatase inhibitors of the present invention may be used to treat a number of conditions in patients, including cancer, psoriasis, arthrosclerosis, immune system activity, Type II diabetes, and obesity.
US07772214B2	Emulsion cosmetic compositions comprising an emulsifying crosslinked siloxane elastomer The present invention relates to pigmented emulsion cosmetic compositions containing emulsifying silicone elastomers that provide a natural appearance to the skin upon application. In particular, these cosmetic compositions are formulated such that agglomeration of the pigment upon application to the skin is minimized.
US07772213B2	Composition for the treatment of inflammatory conditions A novel treatment for topical inflammatory conditions such as acne, eczema, shingles, insect bites and hives is provided, consisting of the application of a pharmaceutical cream or ointment which incorporates hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (“HPMCAS”) in a micronized form and which preferably contains one or more thickeners, a bio-adhesive agent and water so that the formulation, when applied, can stick to the area to be treated.
US07772209B2	Antifolate combination therapies A method of administering an antifolate to a mammal in need thereof, comprising administering an effective amount of said antifolate in combination with a methylmalonic acid lowering agent.
US07772205B2	Gene therapy for renal failure The present invention relates to recombinant vectors expressing the BMP-7 polypeptide in host cells and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such recombinant vectors. The invention also encompasses methods for prevention and/or treatment of both acute and chronic renal failure in mammals, advantageously in dogs and cats, by administration of the recombinant vectors and pharmaceutical compositions of the invention.
US07772200B2	iRNA agents targeted to the Rho-A gene The invention relates to compositions and methods for modulating the expression of the RhoA gene, and more particularly to the downregulation of RhoA by chemically modified oligonucleotides.
US07772197B2	1,3,5-triazines for treatment of viral diseases The present invention provides compounds and methods for treatment of viral diseases and cancer.
US07772196B2	Use of lipid conjugates in the treatment of diseases This invention provides a method of treating a subject suffering from a dermatologic condition, including, inter alia, psoriasis, contact dermatitis, and seboreic dermatitis, the method includes the step of administering to a subject a compound comprising a lipid or phospholipid moiety bound to a physiologically acceptable monomer, dimer, oligomer, or polymer, and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or a pharmaceutical product thereof, in an amount effective to treat the subject suffering from a dermatologic condition.
US07772195B2	Methods and compositions for the treatment of obesity, insulin related diseases and hypercholesterolemia A method for the treatment of obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol and related diseases including hyperglycemia, lipid disorders, hyperglyceridemia, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis in mammals using anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, ursolic acid and/or betulinic acid is described. Compositions adapted for these treatments are also described.
US07772194B2	Pesticidal formulations The present invention relates to an active composition for controlling or eradicating Phthiraptera, Siphonaptera and Acarina Pests, typically in domestic animals, comprising a synergistic combination of at least one A83543 compound and at least one macrocyclic lactone. The invention also relates to the use of the active composition in pesticidal formulations, the formulations themselves and to the various applications of those formulations as pesticides, specifically in controlling all species of Phthiraptera, Siphonaptera and Acarina pests, typically in domestic animals. Such applications include the control of such external Phthiraptera, Siphonaptera and Acarina pests in domestic animals including but not limited to sheep, cattle, poultry, pigs, goats, camelids, horses, dogs and cats.
US07772188B2	Methods and compositions for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders The present invention features compositions and related methods for treating IBS and other gastrointestinal disorders and conditions (e.g., gastrointestinal motility disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), duodenogastric reflux, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, Inflammatory bowel disease, functional heartburn, dyspepsia (including functional dyspepsia or nonulcer dyspepsia), gastroparesis, chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (or colonic pseudo-obstruction), and disorders and conditions associated with constipation, e.g., constipation associated with use of opiate pain killers, post-surgical constipation (post-operative ileus), and constipation associated with neuropathic disorders as well as other conditions and disorders using peptides and other agents that activate the guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) receptor.
US07772183B2	Hepatitis C virus inhibitors Hepatitis C virus inhibitors having the general formula are disclosed. Compositions comprising the compounds and methods for using the compounds to inhibit HCV are also disclosed.
US07772174B2	Polymer-stripping composition Compositions useful for removing a polymer material from a substrate, such as an electronic device, and methods of using such compositions are provided. These compositions and methods reduce the corrosion of any underlying metal surfaces, and are particularly suited to remove polymer residues from electronic device substrates.
US07772172B2	Thin film lubricant for advanced tribological performance of storage medium A lubricant for improving the durability and reliability of recording media used in hard drives is disclosed. The lubricant comprises a perfluoropolyether main chain with a first end attached to a hexa(trifluoromethylphenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene, a second end attached to a bonding enhancer for enhancing bonding between the lubricant and a carbon-containing layer. The bonding enhancer of the lubricant can contain multiple hydroxyl, amide groups, 2,3-dihydroxy-1-propoxyl, acetamide, methacrylate, methyl methacrylate and glycidyl ether. Some bonding enhancers such as methacrylate, methyl methacrylate or glycidyl ether, can be further activated with ultraviolet light.
US07772170B2	Lubricating greases containing antimony dithiocarbamates Antimony dithiocarbamate is known to provide extreme pressure (EP) protection in lubricating compositions, such as grease. However, there is a desire to reduce the amount of antimony used in such compositions, while still maintaining acceptable EP performance. It has now been found by using small amounts of either ammonium dithiocarbamate or zinc dithiocarbamate in combination with the antimony dithiocarbamate (SbDTC), a lower amount of SbDTC can be used in the lubricating composition while still maintaining excellent or exceptional EP protection. To counteract the corrosive effects of the SbDTC and ammonium dithiocarbamate composition, it has been found that compounds containing a carboxylic acid group are effective in avoiding copper corrosion.
US07772169B2	Low ash stationary gas engine lubricant A low-ash, low-phosphorus lubricant composition suitable for use in a stationary gas engine includes an oil of lubricating viscosity, 1.5 to 8 percent of a succinimide dispersant, 0.8 to 4.0 percent of a hindered, ester-substituted phenol antioxidant, and at least one metal-containing sulfonate detergent or metal-containing phenate detergent, in an amount which provides 1.1 to 2.1 percent by weight of said sulfonate or phenate moieties exclusive of the weight of the metal moieties. The lubricant contains up to 0.08 percent by weight phosphorus and up to 1.25 percent sulfated ash.
US07772167B2	Titanium-containing lubricating oil composition A fully formulated lubricating oil, lubricated surface, and lubricant additive concentrates for lubricants providing reduced sludge formation. The fully formulated lubricating oil composition has therein at least one succinimide dispersant, a metal containing detergent, at least one antioxidant, and a hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound. The lubricating oil has improved sludge reducing properties compared to the same lubricating oil composition devoid of the titanium compound.
US07772166B1	Conductive cement formulation and application for use in well Method for cementing a well comprising a hydraulic cement, water, carbon fiber and graphite are provided. The synergy achieved from combining fibers and particulates into the same sample results in a composite slurry with improved electrical properties and easy-to-optimize rheologies. Method for measuring resistivity through casing thanks to the nature of the cement composition is also provided.
US07772158B2	Device for resistively limiting current, comprising a strip-shaped high-to-super conductor path The resistive current-limiting device contains a strip-shaped superconductor having a conductive structure which is made of a metallic substrate strip, an insulating, oxidic buffer layer, a super-conductive layer made of a type AB2Cu3Ox oxidically high-Tc-super conductive material, an insulating buffer layer which is arranged therebetween, and a metal cover layer. At least one of the lateral edges of the conductive structure is mechanically deformed such that the cover layer and the substrate strip are arranged in electric contact.
US07772157B2	Superconducting film and method of manufacturing the same The present invention relates to a superconducting film having a substrate and a superconductor layer formed on the substrate, in which nano grooves are formed parallel to a current flowing direction on a substrate surface on which the superconductor layer is formed and two-dimensional crystal defects are introduced in the superconductor layer on the nano grooves, and a method of manufacturing this superconducting film. A superconducting film of the invention, which is obtained at low cost and has very high Jc, is useful in applications such as cables, magnets, shields, current limiters, microwave devices, and semifinished products of these articles.
US07772151B2	Zone catalyzed soot filter A catalyzed soot filter is comprised of a monolithic ceramic honeycomb body that has a catalyzed inlet zone that has a catalyst within the walls of the ceramic honeycomb inlet end to at most about 45% of the length of the catalyzed soot filter. The catalyzed inlet zone has a porosity that is at least ⅓ the porosity of a wall of the ceramic honeycomb that does not have a catalyst in the wall.
US07772145B2	Manufacture of environmentally friendly carbon-bonded refractory product in the cold mixing process The invention relates to a method for manufacturing carbon-bonded refractory products from refractory granulations and organic binder agents, wherein a powdery, graphitable coal-tar pitch with a benzo[a]pyrene content less than 500 mg/kg and a coking value of at least about 80% by weight according to DIN 51905 and a graphitable binder agent liquid at room temperature, with a coking value of at least about 15% by weight and a benzo[a]pyrene content less than 500 ppm according to DIN 51905, are used as organic binder agent, mixed with the remaining constituents, transferred to a mould body, then heat treated at a temperature of 150 to about 400° C.
US07772143B2	Multilayer, composite, fleece material and a method for manufacturing a multilayer, composite, fleece material The invention relates to a multilayer, composite, fleece material having a core layer and at least one cover layer attached to the core layer, where the at least one cover layer is needled with the core layer such that fibers of the at least one cover layer protrude into the core layer. The multilayer, composite, fleece material is intended for use in the manufacture of interior panels of vehicles and to have improved mechanical properties, low thermal conductivity, very low tendency to produce emissions, and good acoustic properties when used for that purpose, as well as enable its inexpensive manufacture. The cover layer and the fibers protruding from the cover layer into the core layer are at least partially firmly bonded to the core layer, where the core layer contains amorphous, bicomponent fibers having a component with a lower melting point and a component with a higher melting point, and the at least one cover layer contains crystalline, bicomponent fibers having a component with a lower melting point and a component with a higher melting point. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a multilayer, composite, fleece material and a method for manufacturing a molded component, for example, an automobile headlining, from the composite, fleece material.
US07772140B2	Ceramic fabrics and methods for making them Fabrics resistant to molten metal are provided, comprising non-melting base fabric treated with a composition comprising polymerisable polyurethane monomers, and ceramic particles.
US07772135B2	Method for forming poly-silicon film A method for forming a poly-silicon film, using sequential lateral solidification (SLS) by laser irradiation through an optical device to pattern the laser beam and provide a periodic energy profile on the edges of transparent regions so as to widen the poly-silicon grains and achieve grain size uniformity. The optical device comprises a plurality of first transparent regions with a length of L, wherein at least one side of the edge of each of the first transparent regions has a first periodic shape.
US07772134B2	Method of annealing using two wavelengths of continuous wave laser radiation A thermal processing apparatus and method in which a first laser source, for example, a CO2 emitting at 10.6 μm is focused onto a silicon wafer as a line beam and a second laser source, for example, a GaAs laser bar emitting at 808 nm is focused onto the wafer as a larger beam surrounding the line beam. The two beams are scanned in synchronism in the direction of the narrow dimension of the line beam to create a narrow heating pulse from the line beam when activated by the larger beam. The energy of GaAs radiation is greater than the silicon bandgap energy and creates free carriers. The energy of the CO2 radiation is less than the silicon bandgap energy so silicon is otherwise transparent to it, but the long wavelength radiation is absorbed by the free carriers.
US07772128B2	Semiconductor system with surface modification A semiconductor system includes: providing a dielectric layer; providing a conductor in the dielectric layer, the conductor exposed at the top of the dielectric layer; capping the exposed conductor; and modifying the surface of the dielectric layer, modifying the surface of the dielectric layer, wherein modifying the surface includes cleaning conductor ions from the dielectric layer by dissolving the conductor in a low pH solution, dissolving the dielectric layer under the conductor ions, mechanically enhanced cleaning, or chemisorbing a hydrophobic layer on the dielectric layer.
US07772127B2	Semiconductor heterostructure and method for forming same The invention relates to a method for forming a semiconductor heterostructure by providing a substrate with a first in-plane lattice parameter a1, providing a buffer layer with a second in-plane lattice parameter a2 and providing a top layer over the buffer layer. In order to improve the surface roughness of the semiconductor heterostructure, an additional layer is provided in between the buffer layer and the top layer, wherein the additional layer has a third in-plane lattice parameter a3 which is in between the first and second lattice parameters.
US07772118B2	Substrate having high electrical connection reliability of a penetrating via connected to wirings and a method for manufacturing the same A disclosed substrate is composed of a base member having a through-hole, a penetrating via provided in the through-hole, and a wiring connected to the penetrating via. The penetrating via includes a penetrating part having two ends on both sides of the base member, which is provided in the through-hole, a first protrusion protruding from the base member, which is formed on a first end of the penetrating part so as to be connected to the wiring, and a second protrusion protruding from the base member, which is formed on a second end of the penetrating part. The first protrusion and second protrusion are wider than a diameter of the through-hole.
US07772113B2	Post metal chemical mechanical polishing dry cleaning Metal residue on a semiconductor surface resulting from metal chemical mechanical polishing (“CMP”) process are eradicated using a dry clean process. The dry cleaning uniformly removes or substantially eliminates metal residue from the surface of the semiconductor. An unintended metal short that may be present due to the residue may thereby be eliminated by adjusting the dry cleaning process based on a type of dry cleaning material, and type and a thickness of the residue.
US07772111B2	Substrate processing method and fabrication process of a semiconductor device A method of fabricating a semiconductor device includes the steps of forming a via-hole in an interlayer insulation film such that a metal interconnection pattern formed underneath the interlayer insulation film is exposed at a bottom of the via-hole, forming a conductive barrier film on the interlayer insulation film so as to cover a sidewall surface of the via-hole and the exposed metal interconnection pattern in conformity with a shape of the via-hole and forming a metal film on the conductive barrier film, wherein there is provided a preprocessing step, after the step of forming the via-hole but before the step of forming the conductive barrier film, of processing the interlayer insulation film including the sidewall surface of the via-hole and a bottom surface of the via-hole, with plasma containing hydrogen having energy not causing sputtering of the metal interconnection pattern.
US07772110B2	Electrical contacts for integrated circuits and methods of forming using gas cluster ion beam processing Embodiments of the invention describe electrical contacts for integrated circuits and methods of forming using gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) processing. The electrical contacts contain a fused metal-containing layer formed by exposing a patterned structure to a gas cluster ion beam containing a transition metal precursor or a rare earth metal precursor.
US07772109B2	Manufacturing method of multilayer wiring substrate A first multilayer wiring structural body 16 and a second multilayer wiring structural body 56 are simultaneously formed on both surfaces 101A, 101B of a substrate 101 and thereafter the portion of a structural body 120 corresponding to a third region C1 is folded so as to oppose a second structural body 22 to a second structural body 62 and the first multilayer wiring structural body 16 is electrically connected to the second multilayer wiring structural body 56.
US07772108B2	Interconnection structures for semiconductor devices and methods of forming the same An interconnection structure includes an inter-level insulation layer disposed on a semiconductor substrate. First contact structures are formed in the inter-level insulation layer. Second contact structures are formed in the inter-level insulation layer and are spaced apart from the first contact structures. First spacers are disposed between the first contact structures and the inter-level insulation layer. Second spacers are disposed between the second contact structures and the inter-level insulation layer. Metal interconnections are disposed on the inter-level insulation layer and connected to the first and second contact structures. The first contact structures include first and second plugs stacked in sequence, the second contact structures include the second plugs, and the first spacers include an upper spacer disposed between the second plug and the inter-level insulation layer.
US07772107B2	Methods of forming a single layer substrate for high capacity memory cards Methods of forming a semiconductor package including a single-sided substrate are disclosed. In a first embodiment of the present invention, a substrate may include a conductive layer on a top surface of the substrate, i.e., on the same side of the substrate as where the die are mounted. In a second embodiment of the present invention, a substrate may include a conductive layer on a bottom of the substrate, i.e., on the opposite side of the substrate as where the die are mounted.
US07772105B2	Semiconductor component with plastic housing, and process for producing the same A semiconductor component includes a plastic housing including: plastic outer surfaces; lower outer contact surfaces arranged on an underside of the housing; upper outer contact surfaces arranged on a top side of the housing that is opposite the underside; and outer interconnects electrically connecting the lower outer contact surfaces to the upper outer contact surfaces, the outer interconnects including a layer of solder arranged on conduction paths along an outer contour of the housing.
US07772102B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory and fabrication method for the same A nonvolatile semiconductor memory that allows simultaneous implementation of high performance transistors in a low-voltage circuit region and transistors with high withstand voltages in a high-voltage circuit region. The nonvolatile semiconductor memory includes a cell array region that comprises aligned memory cell transistors, each including a control gate electrode, which includes a metal silicide film, an inter-gate insulating film below the control gate electrode, a floating gate electrode below the inter-gate insulating film, and a tunnel insulating film under the floating gate electrode; a high-voltage circuit region arranged in a periphery of the cell array region and including a high voltage transistor, which includes a first gate insulating film thicker than the tunnel insulating film; and a low-voltage circuit region that is arranged in a different position than the high-voltage circuit region arranged in the periphery of the cell array region and that includes a low-voltage transistor, which includes a gate electrode and a second gate insulating film thinner than the first gate insulating film below the gate electrode.
US07772101B2	Phase-change memory device and method for manufacturing the same A phase-change memory device and a fabrication method thereof, capable of reducing driving current while minimizing a size of a contact hole used for forming a PN diode in the phase-change memory device that employs the PN diode. The method of fabricating the phase-change memory device includes the steps of preparing a semiconductor substrate having a junction area formed with a dielectric layer, forming an interlayer dielectric layer having etching selectivity lower than that of the dielectric layer over an entire structure, and forming a contact hole by removing predetermined portions of the interlayer dielectric layer and the dielectric layer. The contact area between the PN diode and the semiconductor substrate is increased so that interfacial resistance is reduced.
US07772099B2	Method for manufacturing a semiconductor device having a doped silicon film A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes the step of depositing a doped silicon layer doped with a first-conductivity-type dopant and a non-doped silicon layer to form a layered silicon film, implanting a first-conductivity-type dopant into a portion of the layered silicon film disposed in a first region, implanting a second-conductivity-type dopant into a portion of the layered silicon film disposed in a second region, and heat treating the layered silicon film to form a first-conductivity-type silicon film in the first region and a second-conductivity-type silicon film in the second region.
US07772098B2	Method for manufacturing semiconductor device On one face of a semiconductor wafer 1 having a first face (principal face) 1a and a second face (rear face) 1b, a protection film 2 is formed. When allowing the semiconductor wafer 1 to be attracted onto an attracting face of an electrostatic chuck 6 which is heated to 400° C. or more, the semiconductor wafer 1 is attracted onto the attracting face via the protection film 2. While heating the semiconductor wafer 1 to 400° C. or more, an ion implantation is performed for the face of the semiconductor wafer 1 on which the protection film 2 is not formed. Thereafter, the protection film 2 is removed from the semiconductor wafer 1.
US07772093B2	Method of and circuit for protecting a transistor formed on a die A method of protecting a transistor formed on a die of an integrated circuit is disclosed. The method comprises forming an active region of the transistor on the die; forming a gate of the transistor over the active region; coupling a primary contact to the gate of the transistor; coupling a programmable element between the gate of the transistor and a protection element; and decoupling the protection element from the gate of the transistor by way of the programmable element. Circuits for protecting a transistor formed on a die of an integrated circuit are also disclosed.
US07772089B2	Method for manufacturing semiconductor device Highly reliable single crystal semiconductor layers and semiconductor devices can be obtained through a fewer manufacturing steps. A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is proposed. A single crystal semiconductor substrate provided with an insulating film is irradiated with an ion beam to form a damaged region in the single crystal semiconductor substrate; liquid glass is floated over a liquid denser than the liquid glass to shape the liquid glass into a plate; the single crystal semiconductor substrate provided with the damaged region is placed over the plate-like liquid glass so that the insulating film and the liquid glass face each other; the plate-like liquid glass and the single crystal semiconductor substrate are cooled slowly, whereby a glass substrate is obtained from the plate-like liquid glass and concurrently the glass substrate and the single crystal semiconductor substrate are bonded together; and a single crystal semiconductor layer is separated from the single crystal semiconductor substrate along the damaged region.
US07772088B2	Method for manufacturing devices on a multi-layered substrate utilizing a stiffening backing substrate A multilayered substrate structure comprising one or more devices, e.g., optoelectronic, integrated circuit. The structure has a handle substrate, which is characterized by a predetermined thickness and a Young's modulus ranging from about 1 Mega Pascal to about 130 Giga Pascal. The structure also has a thickness of substantially crystalline material coupled to the handle substrate. Preferably, the thickness of substantially crystalline material ranges from about 100 microns to about 5 millimeters. The structure has a cleaved surface on the thickness of substantially crystalline material and a surface roughness characterizing the cleaved film of less than 200 Angstroms. At least one or more optoelectronic devices is provided on the thickness of material.
US07772085B2	Controlling overspray coating in semiconductor devices A manufacturing method, in which two device bars are bonded prior to facet coating to form a stacked bar pair. In one embodiment, each of the device bars has a p-side and an n-side, each side having a plurality of bonding pads, with at least some bonding pads located at the p-side of the first device bar adapted for mating with the corresponding bonding pads located at the p-side of the second device bar. Solder material deposited onto the p-side bonding pads adapted for mating is liquefied in a reflow oven, wherein surface tension of the liquefied solder self-aligns the device bars with respect to each other and keeps them in alignment until the solder is solidified to form a solder bond between the mated bonding pads. Two or more instances of the bonded bar pair are further stacked such that bonding pads located at the n-sides of adjacent bar pairs are mated in a relatively tight fit. The exposed facets in the resulting stack are then spray-coated with one or more reflective materials, with the solder bonds between the p-side bonding pads and the tight fit between the n-side bonding pads protecting those pads from overspray coating.
US07772083B2	Trench forming method and structure An electrical structure and method of forming. The method includes providing a semiconductor structure comprising a semiconductor substrate, a buried oxide layer (BOX) formed over the semiconductor substrate, and a silicon on insulator layer (SOI) formed over and in contact with the BOX layer. The SOI layer comprises shallow trench isolation (STI) structures formed between electrical devices. A first photoresist layer is formed over the STI structures and the electrical devices. Portions of said first photoresist layer, portions of the STI structures, and portions of the BOX layer are removed resulting in formed trenches. Ion implants are formed within portions of the semiconductor substrate. Remaining portions of the first photoresist layer are removed. A dielectric layer is formed over the electrical devices and within the trenches. A second photoresist layer is formed over the dielectric layer. Portions of the second photoresist layer are removed.
US07772081B2	Semiconductor device and method of forming high-frequency circuit structure and method thereof A semiconductor device is made by providing an integrated passive device (IPD). Through-silicon vias (TSVs) are formed in the IPD. A capacitor is formed over a surface of the IPD by depositing a first metal layer over the IPD, depositing a resistive layer over the first metal layer, depositing a dielectric layer over the first metal layer, and depositing a second metal layer over the resistive and dielectric layers. The first metal layer and the resistive layer are electrically connected to form a resistor and the first metal layer forms a first inductor. A wafer supporter is mounted over the IPD using an adhesive material and a third metal layer is deposited over the IPD. The third metal layer forms a second inductor that is electrically connected to the capacitor and the resistor by the TSVs of the IPD. An interconnect structure is connected to the IPD.
US07772075B2	Formation of a MOSFET using an angled implant A LDMOS transistor having a channel region located between an outer boundary of an n-type region and an inner boundary of a p-body region. A width of the LDMOS channel region is less than 80% of a distance between an outer boundary of an n+-type region and the inner boundary of a p-body region. Also, a method for making a LDMOS transistor where the n-type dopants are implanted at an angle that is greater than an angle used to implant the p-type dopants. Furthermore, a VDMOS having first and second channel regions located between an inner boundary of a first and second p-body region and an outer boundary of an n-type region of the first and second p-body regions. The width of the first and second channel regions of the VDMOS is less than 80% of a distance between the inner boundary of the first and second p-body regions and an outer boundary of an n+-type region of the first and second p-body regions. Moreover, a method for making a VDMOS transistor where the n-type dopants are implanted at an angle that is greater than an angle used to implant the p-type dopants.
US07772074B2	Method of forming conformal silicon layer for recessed source-drain Processes for non-selectively forming one or more conformal silicon-containing epitaxial layers on recess corners are disclosed. Specific embodiments pertain to the formation and treatment of epitaxial layers in semiconductor devices, for example, Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) devices. In specific embodiments, the formation of a non-selective epitaxial layer involves exposing a substrate in a process chamber to deposition gases including a silicon source such as silane and a higher order silane, followed by heating the substrate to promote solid phase epitaxial growth.
US07772072B2	Method for manufacturing non-volatile memory A non-volatile memory located on a substrate is provided. The non-volatile memory includes a tunnel layer, a charge trapping composite layer, a gate and a source/drain region. The tunnel layer is located on the substrate, the charge trapping composite layer is located on the tunnel layer and the gate is located over the charge trapping composite layer. The source/drain region is located in the substrate on both sides of the tunnel layer. With the charge trapping composite layer, the non-volatile memory has relatively better programming and erasing performance and higher data retention ability. Furthermore, since there is no need to perform a thermal process in the formation of the charge trapping composite layer, thermal budget of the manufacturing process is low.
US07772071B2	Strained channel transistor and method of fabrication thereof The present invention relates to semiconductor integrated circuits. More particularly, but not exclusively, the invention relates to strained channel complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistor structures and fabrication methods thereof. A strained channel CMOS transistor structure comprises a source stressor region comprising a source extension stressor region; and a drain stressor region comprising a drain extension stressor region; wherein a strained channel region is formed between the source extension stressor region and the drain extension stressor region, a width of said channel region being defined by adjacent ends of said extension stressor regions.
US07772069B2	Methods of forming a semiconductor device A method of forming a semiconductor device is provided. A plurality of first guide patterns are formed on a substrate. A mask layer is conformally formed on the substrate. Second guide patterns are formed in empty regions on respective sides of the first guide patterns. The mask layer is planarized and the first and second guide patterns are removed. The mask layer is etched by an anisotropic etching process.
US07772066B2	DRAM tunneling access transistor In one embodiment, a first transistor is comprised of a first p+ source region doped in an n-well in the substrate and a first n+ drain region doped on one side at the top of the pillar. A second transistor is comprised of a second p+ source region doped into the second side of the top of the pillar and serially coupled to the top drain region for the first transistor. A second n+ drain region is doped into the substrate adjacent the pillar. Ultra-thin body layer run along each pillar sidewall between their respective active regions. A gate structure is formed along the pillar sidewalls and over the body layers. The transistors operate by electron tunneling from the source valence band to the gate bias-induced n-type channels, along the ultra-thin silicon bodies, thus resulting in a drain current.
US07772065B2	Semiconductor memory device including a contact with different upper and bottom surface diameters and manufacturing method thereof A semiconductor memory device includes diffusion regions formed in an active region; cell contacts connected to the diffusion regions, respectively; pillars connected to the cell contacts, respectively; a bit line connected to the pillar; capacitor contacts connected to the pillars, respectively; and storage capacitors connected to the capacitor contacts, respectively. Accordingly, the pillars exist between the cell contacts and the capacitor contacts, and thus, depths of the capacitor contacts are made correspondingly shorter. Therefore, it becomes possible to prevent occurrence of shorting defects while decreasing resistance values of the capacitor contacts.
US07772063B2	Reduced-step CMOS processes for low-cost radio frequency identification devices Reduced-step CMOS processes for low-cost integrated circuits (ICs) and, more particularly, low-cost radio frequency identification (RFID) devices are disclosed. The CMOS processes disclosed provide sufficient device performance and reliability while reducing the number and complexity of required process steps, thereby reducing the cost for manufacturing ICs. By recognizing the particular needs for low-cost integrated circuits such as RFID devices (for example, reduced needs for performance, power and longevity) and by identifying a reduced set of CMOS process steps, an advantageous solution is achieved for producing low-cost integrated circuits and low-cost RFID devices.
US07772059B2	Method for fabricating graphene transistors on a silicon or SOI substrate A method of fabricating graphene transistors, comprising providing an SOI substrate, performing an optional threshold implant on the SOI substrate, forming an upper silicon layer mesa island, carbonizing the silicon layer into SiC utilizing a gaseous source, converting the SiC into graphene, forming source/drain regions on opposite longitudinal ends of the graphene, forming gate oxide between the source/drain regions on the graphene, forming gate material over the gate oxide, creating a transistor edge, depositing dielectric onto the transistor edge and performing back end processing.
US07772055B2	AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor devices The present invention recites a new method for manufacturing Group III-N field-effect devices, such as HEMT, MOSHFET, MISHFET devices or MESFET devices, grown by Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Expitaxy, with higher performance (power), by covering the surface with a thin SiN layer on the top AlGaN layer, in the reactor where the growth takes place at high temperature, prior cooling down the structure and loading the sample out of the reactor, as well as a method to produce some HEMT transistors on those heterostructures, by depositing the contact on the surface without any removal of the SiN layer by MOCVD. The present invention recites also a device.
US07772052B2	Method of manufacturing semiconductor device There is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in which removal of the resist after ion implantation becomes easy. In order to solve the above problem, the manufacturing method includes a step of removing a resist mask after a step of implanting an ion of a rare gas element. Also, another manufacturing method includes a first step of implanting an ion of an impurity element for imparting a conductivity type, a second step of implanting an ion of a rare gas element, and a third step of removing a resist mask after the first step and the second step.
US07772046B2	Semiconductor device having electrical devices mounted to IPD structure and method for shielding electromagnetic interference A semiconductor device is made by forming an integrated passive device (IPD) structure on a substrate, mounting first and second electrical devices to a first surface of the IPD structure, depositing encapsulant over the first and second electrical devices and IPD structure, forming a shielding layer over the encapsulant, and electrically connecting the shielding layer to a conductive channel in the IPD structure. The conductive channel is connected to ground potential to isolate the first and second electrical devices from external interference. A recess can be formed in the encapsulant material between the first and second electrical devices. The shielding layer extends into the recess. An interconnect structure is formed on a second surface of the IPD structure. The interconnect structure is electrically connected to the first and second electrical devices and IPD structure. A shielding cage can be formed over the first electrical device prior to depositing encapsulant.
US07772044B2	Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including plural semiconductor chips A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes mounting a first chip over a first area of a chip mounting section of a lead frame and mounting a second chip over a second area of the chip mounting section, wherein the second area is adjacent to the first area via the slit. The chip mounting section is disposed on a flat heating jig. First pads of the first chip are connected with second pads of the second chip via first wires, respectively, and the first pads are connected with leads of the lead frame via second wires, respectively. the first chip, the second chip, the first wires and the second wires are sealed with a resin such that a part of each of the leads is exposed from the resin, and each of the leads is then separated from the lead frame.
US07772042B2	Solvent softening to allow die placement Exemplary embodiments provide methods and systems for assembling electronic devices, such as integrated circuit (IC) chips, by selectively and seating IC elements onto/into a receiving substrate, such as a chip substrate. Specifically, the assembly of IC chips can include embedding IC elements onto the receiving substrate upon softening the receiving substrate. Such softening can be performed by using a softening agent and/or an activatable thermal barrier material. In an exemplary embodiment, pockets can be formed in the receiving substrate using the activatable thermal barrier material for the IC assembly.
US07772035B2	Manufacturing method of semiconductor device A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device includes preparing a first semiconductor substrate having a first integrated circuit formed therein and including a plurality of first through substrate vias, and a second semiconductor substrate having a second integrated circuit formed therein and including a plurality of second through substrate vias, forming a solid-electrolytic layer on an upper surface of the first semiconductor substrate, mounting the second semiconductor substrate on the solid-electrolytic layer such that a lower surface of the second semiconductor substrate comes into contact with the solid-electrolytic layer, and applying a voltage between the plurality of first through substrate vias and the plurality of second through substrate vias, to form in the solid-electrolytic layer a plurality of connection electrodes, which are respectively connecting the plurality of second through substrate vias adjacent to the plurality of first through substrate vias to the plurality of first through substrate vias.
US07772033B2	Semiconductor device with different conductive features embedded in a mold enclosing a semiconductor die and method for making same A method for making a semiconductor device includes creating conductive structures on a substrate. Contact pads of a semiconductor die are connected to first ends of conductive structures. The semiconductor die is encapsulated or embedded and the substrate is removed such that second ends of the conductive structures are exposed to the exterior.
US07772028B2	CMOS imager with Cu wiring and method of eliminating high reflectivity interfaces therefrom A CMOS image sensor and method of fabrication wherein the sensor includes Copper (Cu) metallization levels allowing for incorporation of a thinner interlevel dielectric stack to result in a pixel array exhibiting increased light sensitivity. The CMOS image sensor includes structures having a minimum thickness of barrier layer metal that traverses the optical path of each pixel in the sensor array or, that have portions of barrier layer metal selectively removed from the optical paths of each pixel, thereby minimizing reflectance. That is, by implementing various block or single mask methodologies, portions of the barrier layer metal are completely removed at locations of the optical path for each pixel in the array. In a further embodiment, the barrier metal layer may be formed atop the Cu metallization by a self-aligned deposition.
US07772025B2	Electronic device and method of manufacturing the same An electronic device includes an electronic element having a detecting part on one surface thereof, a base member, bumps, and an adhesive film. The base member is arranged to face the one surface of the electric element. The bumps are arranged between the electric element and the base member for electrically coupling the electric element and the base member. The adhesive film is attached to the one surface of the electronic element and has an electronic insulating property. In addition, the adhesive film has a hollow part at a portion corresponding to the detecting part in a manner separated from the detecting part. Furthermore, a first pressure in the hollow part is higher than a second pressure outside the hollow part.
US07772024B2	Method of manufacturing a micro-mechanical element A method of manufacturing a micromechanical element wherein the method comprises the steps of providing a layer of base material, applying at least one at least partly sacrificial layer of an etchable material, patterning the at least partly sacrificial layer, to define at least a portion of the shape of the element, applying at least one structural layer of a mechanical material, patterning the structural layer to form at least a portion of the element, and removing at least partly the patterned at least partly sacrificial layer to release partly free the element. The mechanical material is selected from the group of conductive materials.
US07772023B2	Method of producing semiconductor optical device Si atoms obtained by thermal decomposition of SiH4 are adsorbed in advance on one surface of a semiconductor substrate and side surfaces of a semiconductor mesa part. Thereby, prior to the growth of a buried layer, a diffusion protection layer composed of Si-doped InP with high impurity concentration is formed. As a result, when the buried layer is grown, Zn diffusing from an upper cladding layer is trapped by the diffusion protection layer, and interdiffusion between Zn and Fe is inhibited. Since the diffusion protection layer is formed uniformly at a small thickness of several monolayers, the diffusion protection layer is also inhibited from becoming a current leakage path. Consequently, the reliability of the semiconductor optical device can be improved.
US07772017B2	Method of producing a solid state imaging device including using a metal oxide etching stopper In the solid-state imaging device of the present invention having a photoelectric conversion section and a charge transfer section equipped with a charge transfer electrode for transferring an electric charge generated in the photoelectric conversion section, the charge transfer electrode has an alternate arrangement of a first layer electrode comprising a first layer electrically conducting film and a second layer electrode comprising a second layer electrically conducting film, which are formed on a gate oxide film comprising a laminate film consisting of a silicon oxide film and a metal oxide thin film, and the first layer electrode and the second layer electrode are separated by insulation with an interelectrode insulating film comprising a sidewall insulating film formed by a CVD process to cover the lateral wall of the first layer electrode.
US07772013B2	Enhancement of second-order non-linear optical susceptibilities in organic film materials using non-centrosymmetric nanoparticles A non-linear optical material comprising a plurality of non-centrosymmetric nanoparticles juxtaposed to non-linear optical (NLO) film at a localized surface Plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the nanoparticles. The LSPR is resonant at a wavelength of an incident light source, wherein a second-order non-linear susceptibility (χ(2)) of the NLO film with respect to the incident light is enhanced by the juxtaposition to the LSPR of the nanoparticles. The non-linear optical material lacks global inversion symmetry.
US07772012B2	Device for detecting the presence of hemoglobin in a biological sample A device and method for detecting the presence of hemoglobin in a biological sample, more particularly, the presence of blood in a fecal sample as an indicator of upper or lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding.
US07772010B2	Mixing and dispensing homogeneous compounds of a reactant on a surface A method for mixing and dispensing compounds, at least one reactant in a carrier fluid in laminar flow, and a cell for implementing the method. The cell includes a reaction chamber having a reaction surface where the reactant can be fixed, directly or indirectly, at least three fluid inlets/outlets, a fixed volume reservoir in communication with the reaction chamber and outside the reaction chamber via injection orifice (27), a fluid loop including a feeding port, an extraction port and a variable volume reservoir adapted to communicate independently with the reaction chamber via each of its inlets/outlets; device for circulating fluids in the reaction chamber and the fluid loop. The method and cell can be used to prepare homogeneous surface films, or to carry out “target-probe” identification reactions.
US07772006B2	Agent detection and/or quantitation in a biological fluid A method of assessing retinal disease in an eye of a patient by rapid, point of care, quantitative detection of cytokine levels is provided.
US07772003B2	Lipid derivatives of aminoglycosides Transfecting compounds which include an aminoglycoside linked to a lipid via a spacer, and their polyguanidylated derivatives are provided. These compounds are useful for the in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo transfection of nucleic acids into various cell types.
US07771995B2	Plasmid encoding human BMP-7 The present invention relates to recombinant vectors expressing the BMP-7 polypeptide in host cells and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such recombinant vectors. The invention also encompasses methods for prevention and/or treatment of both acute and chronic renal failure in mammals, advantageously in humans, dogs and cats, by intra-vascular kidney administration of the recombinant vectors and pharmaceutical compositions of the invention.
US07771988B2	Control device for fermenter The control device according to the present invention includes an input device for entering measured data from a measurement unit, which measures nutrient components, the concentrations of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and biomass in a culture medium; a processor for calculating nutrient components uptake rate, oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide exhaust rate per unit amount of biomass from the measured data entered in the aforementioned input device, as well as volumetric mass transfer coefficient kLa from turbulent energy k and a turbulent energy dissipation rate e, both of which are calculated by a transport equation, as well as a diffusion coefficient D, followed by calculating the concentrations of the nutrient components, dissolved oxygen and dissolved carbon dioxide in any area in the fermenter; and a display for displaying concentration distribution of the nutrient components, dissolved oxygen, and dissolved carbon dioxide in the fermenter.
US07771984B2	Methods and devices related to a regulated flow electroporation chamber The electroporation chamber and its related devices combine the features of an electroporation chamber that acts as a manifold for regulation of sample flow with those of a flow electroporation device to form a regulated flow electroporation device. The invention further comprises a novel regulated flow electroporation chamber that enables conditions in which a sample is uniformly processed in individual fractions or volumes in a fully closed (sterile) system.
US07771983B2	Polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and polynucleotides encoding same The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.
US07771982B2	Probiotics for pet food applications The present invention relates to novel lactic acid bacterial micro-organisms that have been isolated and selected for their probiotic potential and their use for the preparation of petfood compositions intended to improve the health of pets, and to compositions containing the same.
US07771981B2	Heparin/heparosan synthase from P. multocida and methods of making and using same The presently claimed and disclosed invention relates, in general, to dual action heparin synthases and, more particularly, to dual action heparin synthases obtained from Pasteurella multocida. The presently claimed and disclosed invention also relates to heparosan, heparin and heparin-like molecules provided by recombinant techniques and methods of using such molecules and also the identification or prediction of heparin synthases or component single action enzymes. The presently claimed and disclosed invention also relates to methods, and molecules produced according to such methods, for using the presently claimed and disclosed heparosan and/or heparin synthase for polymer grafting and the production of non-naturally occurring chimeric polymers incorporating stretches of one or more acidic GAG molecules, such as heparin, chondroitin, hyaluronan, and/or heparosan.
US07771979B2	Compositions and methods for generating an immune response utilizing alphavirus-based vector systems Methods are provided for generating immune responses utilizing alphavirus-based vector systems.
US07771977B2	Alkane polyol dehydrogenase Disclosed is a protein selected from: (1) a protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing; (2) a protein comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing with the deletion, addition, insertion and/or substitution of one or more amino acid residues, and having an alkane polyol dehydrogenase activity; or (3) a protein comprising an amino acid sequence having 80% or more identity with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in the Sequence Listing, and having an alkane polyol dehydrogenase activity. Also disclosed is a process for producing an alcohol, a ketone, an optically-active alcohol, dihydroxyacetone or a derivative thereof, using the protein.
US07771975B2	Polynucleotide analysis using combinatorial PCR The invention comprises a two-step process for analysis of polynucleotides by chain extension of multiple polynucleotide primers attached to solid supports by first performing PCR of the samples in the presence of multiple oligonucleotides in solution, the oligonucleotides of both sets being similar or identical. This produces immobilized single-strand polynucleotides containing genetic sequence data derived from sample molecules. In a second step, support-bound polynucleotides are interrogated by hybridization with a single labeled oligonucleotide probe or by second-strand synthesis with a primer-dependent polymerase using an oligonucleotide primer and nucleotide monomers, in which either or both of the primer and nucleotide monomers are labeled. Incorporation of label demonstrates the presence of two separate defined-sequence primers within the sample polynucleotide. The presence or absence within the sample of the multiple combinations of primers is demonstrable in a single experiment by use of suitable apparatus, such as an oligonucleotide array.
US07771974B2	Degenerate oligonucleotide gene shuffling A method for gene shuffling to form a mutant or chimeric gene, the method comprising: (a) assigning one or more segments of one or more genes based on regions of encoded amino acid sequence; (b) amplifying the one or more assigned segments of the gene using primers specific for each segment; and (c) causing recombination of the one or more amplified segments to form a mutant or chimeric gene. An oligonucleotide primer suitable for use in gene shuffling, the primer having a non-degenerate core based on a segment or template of a gene to be amplified, and the core being flanked by both 5′ and 3′ degenerate ends.
US07771973B2	Modified nucleotides The invention provides modified nucleotide or nucleoside molecule comprising a purine or pyrimidine base and a ribose or deoxyribose sugar moiety having a removable 3′-OH blocking group covalently attached thereto, such that the 3′ carbon atom has attached a group of the structure —O—Z wherein Z is any of —C(R′)2-O—R″, —C(R′)2-N(R″)2, —C(R′)2-N(H)R″, —C(R′)2-S—R″ and —C(R″)2-F, wherein each R″ is or is part of a removable protecting group; each R′ is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, substituted alkyl, arylalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclic, acyl, cyano, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy or amido group, or a detectable label attached through a linking group; or (R′)2 represents an alkylidene group of formula ═C(R′″)2 wherein each R′″ may be the same or different and is selected from the group comprising hydrogen and halogen atoms and alkyl groups; and wherein said molecule may be reacted to yield an intermediate in which each R″ is exchanged for H or, where Z is —C(R′)2-F, the F is exchanged for OH, SH or NH2, preferably OH, which intermediate dissociates under aqueous conditions to afford a molecule with a free 3′OH; with the proviso that where Z is —C(R′)2-S—R″, both R′ groups are not H.
US07771971B2	Methods for producing biological substances in enzyme-deficient mutants of Aspergillus niger The present invention relates to methods of producing a heterologous biological substance, comprising: (a) cultivating a mutant of a parent Aspergillus niger strain in a medium suitable for the production of the heterologous biological substance, wherein (i) the mutant strain comprises a first nucleotide sequence encoding the heterologous biological substance and one or more second nucleotide sequences comprising a modification of glaA and at least one of the genes selected from the group consisting of asa, amyA, amyB, prtT, and oah, and (ii) the mutant strain is deficient in the production of glucoamylase and at least one enzyme selected from the group consisting of acid stable alpha-amylase, neutral alpha-amylase A, and neutral alpha-amylase B, protease, and oxalic acid hydrolase compared to the parent Aspergillus niger strain when cultivated under identical conditions; and (b) recovering the heterologous biological substance from the cultivation medium. The present invention also relates to enzyme-deficient mutants of Aspergillus niger strains and methods for producing such mutants.
US07771969B2	Methods for obtaining antibodies The invention is directed towards a method of enriching a population of cells in those cells that produce an antibody which recognises an antigen of interest. In particular, an untagged antigen is used in conjunction with a polyclonal antibody to isolate cells recognizing said antigen.

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