| 序号 | 专利名 | 申请号 | 申请日 | 公开（公告）号 | 公开（公告）日 | 发明人 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 41 | Method for hydrocracking a heavy polynuclear hydrocarbonaceous feedstock in the presence of a molten metal halide catalyst | US078639 | 1979-09-26 | US4247385A | 1981-01-27 | Everett Gorin |
| A method for hydrocracking a heavy polynuclear hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to produce lighter hydrocarbon fuels by contacting the feedstock with hydrogen in the presence of a molten metal halide catalyst, the method comprising: mixing the feedstock with a heavy naphtha fraction which has an initial boiling point from about 100.degree. to about 160.degree. C. with a boiling point difference between the initial boiling point and the final boiling point of no more than about 50.degree. C. to produce a mixture; thereafter contacting the mixture with partially spent molten metal halide and hydrogen under temperature and pressure conditions so that the temperature is near the critical temperature of the heavy naphtha fraction; separating at least a portion of the heavy naphtha fraction and lighter hydrocarbon fuels from the partially spent molten metal halide, unreacted feedstock and reaction products; thereafter contacting the partially spent molten metal halide, unreacted feedstock and reaction products with hydrogen and fresh molten metal halide in a hydrocracking zone to produce additional lighter hydrocarbon fuels and separating at least a major portion of the lighter hydrocarbon fuels from the spent molten metal halide. | ||||||
| 42 | Regeneration of zinc chloride hydrocracking catalyst | US823764 | 1977-08-11 | US4136056A | 1979-01-23 | Clyde W. Zielke |
| Improved rate of recovery of zinc values from the solids which are carried over by the effluent vapors from the oxidative vapor phase regeneration of spent zinc chloride catalyst is achieved by treatment of the solids with both hydrogen chloride and calcium chloride to selectively and rapidly recover the zinc values as zinc chloride. | ||||||
| 43 | Hydrocracking petroleum and related materials | US35496773 | 1973-04-27 | US3824178A | 1974-07-16 | WALD M |
| HIGHER MOLECULAR WEIGHT HYDROCARBBONACEOUS MATERIALS CONTAINING POLYNUCLEAR SUBSTANCES, SUCH AS HEAVY PETROLEUM CRUDES AND HIGHER BOILING PETROLEUM FRACTIONS, INCLUDING RESIDUAL FRACTIONS, SHALE OIL, TAR SAND OIL, OIL AND TAR FROM COAL AND COAL ITSELF ARE HYDROCRACKD AT AN ELEVATED TEPERATURE RANGING FROM 250*C. TO 500*C. AND IN THE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN AT A HPRESSURE OF 200 TO 3000 P.S.I.G., WHILE INTIMATELY MIXED WITH A HOMOGENEOUS CONTINUOUS LIQUID PHASE CATALYST SYSTEM COMPRISING PREDOMINATELY ONE OR MORE PHOSPHORIC ACIDS THERMALLY STABLE UNDER THE HYDROCRACKING CONDITIONS, SUCH AS, PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID AND POLYPHOSPHORIC ACIDS HAVING AN EMPIRICAL ACID AND H2O:P2O5 OF 3 OR LESS, ANDA MINOR PROPORTION, E.G., 10% BY WEIGHT OF CERTAIN METAL POLYHALIDES WHICH ARE ACTIVE HYDROCRACKING CATALYST, E.G., ESPECIALLY ZINC, GALLIUM AND ANTIMONY HALIDES.
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| 44 | Regeneration of spent zinc halide catalyst using preliminary high pressure hydrogen solvent extraction | US3629159D | 1969-12-03 | US3629159A | 1971-12-21 | GORIN EVERETT; STRUCK ROBERT T; KULIK METRO D |
| SPENT ZINC HALIDE HYDROCRACKING CATALYST IS CONTACTED WITH A NONPOLAR HYDROCARBON SOLVENT IN THE PRESENCE OF HIGH PRESSURE HYDROGEN TO EXTRACT UNCONVERTED HYDROCARBONACEOUS RESIDUE FROM THE SPENT CATALYST.
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| 45 | Regeneration of zinc chloride catalyst | US3594329D | 1969-07-23 | US3594329A | 1971-07-20 | GORIN EVERETT; STRUCK ROBERT T; ZIELKE CLYDE W |
| SPENT ZINC CHLORIDE CATALYST IS REGENERATED BY COMBUSTION IN THE VAPOR PHASE IN THE PRESENCE OF A FLUIDIZED REFRACTORY SOLID SUCH AS SILICA SAND. USE OF A NEAR-STOICHIOMETRIC AMOUNT OF AIR RESULTS IN SUBSTANTIALLY COMPLETE REMOVAL OF SULFUR, NITROGEN AND CARBON IMPURITIES, WHILE USE OF ABOUT 40 TO 60% OF THE STOICHIOMETRIC AMOUNT OF AIR RESULTS IN PRODUCTION OF A LOW-SULFUR FUEL GAS.
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| 46 | Hydrocracking process improvement by high temperature sulfiding and dry gas processing | US3591487D | 1969-12-22 | US3591487A | 1971-07-06 | SCHUTT HANS U |
| HYDROCRACKING CATALYSTS WHICH HAVE BEEN PREPARED BY INCORPORATING HYDROGENATION METAL COMPONENTS INTO A HYDROGEL OF A REFRACTORY OXIDE CONTAINING AT LEAST ONE IRON GROUP HYDROGENATION METAL COMPONENT AND FLUORIDE ARE GREATLY IMPROVED IN ACTIVITY AND STABILITY BY SULFIDING AT A TEMPERATURE OF AT LEAST 750*F. AND USING RELATIVELY DRY PROCESS GAS.
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| 47 | Isomerization and cracking of paraffinic hydrocarbons | US20738762 | 1962-07-03 | US3253055A | 1966-05-24 | GEORGE GOBLE ANTHONY; VINCENT FLETCHER JOHN |
| 48 | Catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons | US18718662 | 1962-04-13 | US3206391A | 1965-09-14 | GUTBERLET LOUIS C; BRENNAN HARRY M |
| 49 | Refining of gas oil with hydrogen fluoride enriched sludge | US21454962 | 1962-08-03 | US3200064A | 1965-08-10 | HARDMAN HARLEY F |
| 50 | Destructive hydrogenation of heavy cycle oils | US64568457 | 1957-03-13 | US2939836A | 1960-06-07 | JACOB KOOME; FRANCISCUS STIJUTJES GERARDUS; KEDDIE MEERBOTT WILLIAM |
| 51 | Hydrogenation of hydrocarbon materials | US41246441 | 1941-09-26 | US2348702A | 1944-05-09 | LOUIS SCHMERLING; IPATIEFF VLADIMIR N |
| 52 | Treatment of hydrocarbons | US34318940 | 1940-06-29 | US2348701A | 1944-05-09 | LOUIS SCHMERLING |
| 53 | Destructive hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils | US35908140 | 1940-09-30 | US2344789A | 1944-03-21 | LOUIS SCHMERLING |
| 54 | Synthesizing oils | US52907022 | 1922-01-13 | US1608328A | 1926-11-23 | MCDUFFIE MCAFEE ALMER |
| 55 | Superacid catalyzed hydrocracking of heavy oils and bitumens | US850271 | 1992-03-12 | US5290428A | 1994-03-01 | Otto P. Strausz; Thomas W. Mojelsky; John D. Payzant; George A. Olah; Surya G. K. Prakash |
| A process is provided for hydrocracking a heavy oil bitumen and chemically related feedstock. The process comprises reacting said feedstock with a gaseous superacid in the presence of hydrogen with or without the use of a hydrogen transfer agent to thereby yield lower boiling point distillates. | ||||||
| 56 | Hydrocarbon conversion process using a novel silicon enhanced amorphous silica-alumina | US940412 | 1992-09-03 | US5259948A | 1993-11-09 | Susan L. Lambert; Michael W. Schoonover |
| This invention relates to a hydrocarbon conversion processes, e.g., hydrocracking, cracking, alkylation, etc., using a silicon enhanced amorphous silica-alumina (SEASAL) composition. The composition is characterized in that from about 3 to about 22 mole percent of the aluminum atoms in a host amorphous silica-alumina have been replaced by silicon atoms. Additionally, the SEASAL contains from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent fluoride and has a cracking activity of at least 30%. The SEASAL is prepared by reacting a host amorphous silica-alumina with a fluorosilicate salt, thereby removing aluminum atoms and inserting silicon atoms. | ||||||
| 57 | Hydrocarbon conversion processes using novel crystalline silicon enhanced aluminas | US656927 | 1991-02-19 | US5135642A | 1992-08-04 | Susan L. Lambert |
| This invention relates to novel silicon enhanced aluminas (SEAL), processes to prepare them, and hydrocarbon conversion processes using the SEALs. The SEAL compositions have a bulk empirical formula of Al.sub.2-x Si.sub.x O.sub.3 F.sub.x where x varies from about 0.01 to about 0.5. This SEAL material has a three-dimensional pore structure with the pores having diameters in the range of about 20 to about 300.ANG., a crystal structure characteristic of alumina, and where the surface of the SEAL has a higher silicon concentration than the interior of the SEAL. The SEAL is prepared by contacting an alumina with a fluorosilicate salt. This SEAL can be calcined to give a calcined seal with a formula Al.sub.2-x Si.sub.x O.sub.3 F.sub.y where x is as defined above and y varies from 0.01 to x. The calcined SEAL contains both strong and weak acid sites. These SEAL compositions are particularly useful in hydrocracking, cracking and alkylation processes. | ||||||
| 58 | Novel crystalline silicon enhanced aluminas | US404550 | 1989-09-07 | US5008233A | 1991-04-16 | Susan L. Lambert |
| This invention relates to novel silicon enhanced aluminas (SEAL) and processes to prepare them. The SEAL compositions have a bulk empirical formula of Al.sub.2-x Si.sub.x O.sub.3 F.sub.x where x varies from about 0.01 to about 0.5. This SEAL material has a three-dimensional pore structure with the pores having diameters in the range of about 20 to about 300 .ANG., a crystal structure characteristic of alumina, and where the surface of the SEAL has a higher silicon concentration than the interior of the SEAL. The SEAL is prepared by contacting an alumina with a fluorosilicate salt. This SEAL can be calcined to give a calcined seal with a formula Al.sub.2-x Si.sub.x O.sub.3 F.sub.y where x is as defined above and y varies from 0.01 to x. The calcined SEAL contains both strong and weak acid sites. These SEAL compositions are useful as hydrocracking catalysts. | ||||||
| 59 | Sodium tetrachloroaluminate catalyzed process for the molecular weight reduction of liquid hydrocarbons | US677960 | 1984-12-04 | US4623445A | 1986-11-18 | Mark A. Plummer |
| A process for reducing the molecular weight of hydrocarbons using NaAlCl.sub.4 is provided wherein the hydrogen to carbon ratio of the liquid product slate is approximately the same as the feed material. The process comprises contacting the feed material with a molten salt of NaAlCl.sub.4 having substantially no excess aluminum chloride or sodium chloride, preferably at a temperature of at least 660.degree. F., and at a pressure above atmospheric, preferably from about 50 psia to about 2000 psia, depending upon the product slate desired. According to the present invention, heavy hydrocarbons are converted to a liquid product slate wherein the product slate has an average molecular weight substantially lower than the average molecular weight of the hydrocarbon feedstock. | ||||||
| 60 | Cracking process catalyst selection based on cation electronegativity | US627153 | 1984-07-02 | US4557803A | 1985-12-10 | Mark A. Plummer |
| A process for producing lower molecular weight products from higher molecular weight hydrocarbon liquid feedstock components is provided wherein the feedstock is contacted with an optimum catalyst comprising a molten salt of a tetrachloroaluminate. Selection of the optimum catalyst is based on the electronegativity of the tetrachloroaluminate catalyst cation. | ||||||
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