专利汇可以提供Method to reduce maintenance costs and the carbon footprint in land management专利检索,专利查询,专利分析的服务。并且A method of reducing maintenance costs and carbon footprints near/on roadways, airports, public and private right of ways, military areas, unused construction areas, government and subsidy lands by utilizing these areas for the growth of biofuel feedstock materials. Crops used for production of biofuels could be grown in or around these areas and processed into biofuels in the same general area. This process would produce lower exhaust emissions compared with fossil fuels, decrease cost of maintenance of roadways and public right of ways, decrease the United States dependence on foreign oil and decrease transportation costs of fuels to customers, alleviate pest pressures, reduce storm water runoff and help to control fire danger. This process includes, but is not limited to sustainable tillage growth of common biofuels feedstock crops including: canola, rape, mustard, camelina, sunflower; harvesting said crops and turning the biomass yield into biofuels.,下面是Method to reduce maintenance costs and the carbon footprint in land management专利的具体信息内容。
What is claimed is:
The present application claims the benefit of provisional application entitled “Freeways to Fuel: a novel approach to biofuels production”, assigned Ser. No. 60/878,228 filed Jan. 3, 2007, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
This invention relates generally to methods for producing biofuels. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for using biofuel crops to reduce maintenance costs and carbon footprint of areas by converting components of materials grown on grounds along roadways, runways, public and private right of ways, military areas, unused construction areas, government and subsidy lands into biofuels. The invention also includes a suggested method for processing biofuels as they are harvested in a mobile type situation.
The United States consumes billions gallons of petroleum based products each year. A majority of that energy comes from fossil fuels that have to be imported from other countries around the world. When these fuels are combusted, they not only release enormous amount of pollutants into the atmosphere causing smog, disease and distress, but add to the greenhouse gas content to the atmosphere. In addition to these environment concerns, global unrest and increasing demand have influenced fuel prices drastically upwards and affected people everywhere. This has become a national security issue for the United States.
Biofuels have been talked about since before the invention of the diesel engine. Their cost of production has kept them from being implemented until recent fluctuations in the crude oil market. Biofuels are energy sources converted from biomass-most commonly corn and soybeans. Examples of biofuels are biodiesel and ethanol. Uses for biofuels include but are not limited too
Expansion of biofuel interest has increased in recent past. The economics of this present invention were not feasible until late. Due to this unique discovery, economics of biofuel production in the prescribed manner are now viable as exemplified by
Corn grain is commonly mashed and used to produce ethanol. Currently, research is underway to use other biomass sources for biofuels production including switch grass, sawdust from paper mills, wood from orchard pruning's, green waste from urban areas, straw from grain crops and the list goes on.
With the blazing technological developments on the refining side of the biofuels process, the focus of this invention is to utilize and process biofuels in a more environmentally friendly, economically feasible and sustainable manner in areas that have been overlooked in the past. Currently, the majorities of biofuel sources such as vegetable oil are grown in the Midwestern part of the United States and transported great distances to be processed. For example, the fuel source such as soybean oil has to be grown in the Midwest and harvested by a machine there. The soybeans are then put into a truck where they are shipped to a storage holding facility. Next, they are commonly loaded again and transported to a pressing facility where the biomass is separated into solid and liquid phases. The solid phase can be used for further processing or used commonly for cattle feed. The liquid portion is then transported to a refining either locally or distantly to be made into biofuels such as biodiesel.
This invention introduces that the concept of biofuels sources being grown on local overlooked areas and be processed into biofuel precursors or even biofuel on the harvesting equipment or near the harvesting site reducing the need to handle the biomass several times in the production stream and reduce the need for transportation of several components in the process.
There are hundreds of thousands of acres of overlooked area along or near federal state and local roadways, military bases and airports in the United States that could be used for agronomic purposes in growing biofuels. The government pays farmers to let millions of acres of farm ground to lay dormant to support crop prices. These and other public and private lands translate into potential billons gallons of biofuel feedstock that could be grown on these areas that are largely now just cause maintenance/pest problems or lay idle. These roadsides and fallow farm lands harbor noxious weeds and take huge sums of money to mow and maintain. States and local growers are required to suppress weeds in these areas. With this invention, the cost to do conduct these activities can be minimized because they are part of the agronomic activities included in growing biofuel feedstocks.
If these lands were converted into biofuel producing lands, it would benefit in the fuel consumer in the following ways; local fuel production, reduced pollutants released into the air, decreased maintenance costs of lands, could be used by public land stewards or sold on the local market, reduction in the carbon footprint and greenhouse gases. Common biomass crops such as the brassica family exhibit the following characteristics:
When growing these crops new and conventional methods of planting, fertilizing, weed control and harvest may be employed making them manageable, it is the area that are grown and the economic savings that will be a novel approach. As will be explained in greater detail herein below, the present invention provides a method whereby biomass grown on public lands such as roadway median and shoulders can be used to produce biofuels.
The present invention is a process reduce cost of maintenance along fallow grounds along roadways, runways, public and private right of ways, military areas, unused construction areas, government and subsidy lands to be used for biofuel production either onsite or remotely. To date, roadways, right of ways, and other idle lands have been a breeding ground for pests and overlooked for use as a biofuel growing area. This invention would put those areas to work growing biomass that can be converted into useful products such as fuels that can be sustainable, decreased emissions. This process initiates the production of these fuels from agronomical idle ground that often has to be maintained. This invention will decrease those maintenance costs while producing biofuel crops. Our process also allows for increased aesthetics with a mixture of plants grown improving roadside appearance. By using this system, fuel can be grown and processed in a more sustainable manner, decreasing need of transportation of feedstock from long distances such as in crude oil or current biofuel production, decrease maintenance costs and increase returns to local, state and federal land stewards.
Referring now to the invention in more detail, without limitation, the following details show the preferred method of decreasing maintenance costs and carbon footprints by growing biomass and processing it to biofuels. The biomass would be established on non traditional agronomic areas such as but not limited to; roadway shoulders and medians, airport runways and surrounding areas, public and private right of ways, military areas, unused construction areas, government and subsidy lands. The biomass would then be grown until, it is mature and ready for harvest. It will be harvested and processed for its fuel qualities and by products.
Utilizing this method will save current maintenance costs as shown in
Basic types of crops to be utilized in the production of biofuels for this invention include but are not limited too canola, camelina, safflower and rape. These are common crops capable of being grown in nearly all parts of the USA. They range in oil content from around 35-45% which is very useful for making biodiesel. They are also capable of being digested and making ethanol.
The method of engaging this process is:
The biomass crop is cut with the cutting head, transferred to the threshing mechanism where the separation of biomass takes place and then to the storage container. In another embodiment, the biomass can be harvested and taken for processing in a biomass to liquid methodology. This method employs the whole of the biomass harvested in being converted to biofuels. No oil separation is necessary.
These include physical, chemical or thermal extractions methods. The extracted oil will be stored in a container while the other biomass will be placed in a separate location. In the preferred method, the extraction equipment may be attached on to the harvesting mechanism and extract oil directly from biomass as it is harvested. This will decrease transportation costs and time for separating the biomass.
The advantages of the present invention include, without limitation, reduce cost of maintenance for land holders, decrease carbon footprint by decreasing the amount of greenhouse gases released into the air from petroleum fuels, increase aesthetics in these areas, make more biofuels, control of noxious weeds, improve use for lands, decrease pests, provide jobs for the local economy and decentralize fuels production to increase national security by decreasing dependence on foreign oil.
It is well within the skill of a person in the technical field, upon becoming conversant with, or otherwise having knowledge of, the present invention, to select suitable combinations of components such as the mechanisms listed above, and the like, in view of the type of system being designed and/or constructed.
The above described embodiments are exemplitive, and the terminology is employed for illustration purposes and not limitation purposes. The present invention is not limited to the combinations and sub combinations illustrated herein.
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