Explosive fracturing of deep rock
阅读：42发布：2020-12-25
专利汇可以提供Explosive fracturing of deep rock专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且Producing a fracture network in deep rock, e.g., in an ore body, by detonating explosive charges sequentially in separate cavities therein, the detonations producing a cluster of overlapping fracture zones and each detonation occurring after liquid has entered the fracture zones produced by previous adjacent detonations. High permeability is maintained in an explosively fractured segment of rock by flushing the fractured rock with liquid, i.e., by sweeping liquid through the fracture zones with high-pressure gas, between sequential detonations therein so as to entrain and remove fines therefrom. Ore bodies prepared by the blast/flush process with the blasting carried out in substantially vertical, optionally chambered, drilled shot holes can be leached in situ via a number of holes previously used as injection holes in the flushing procedure and a number of holes which are preserved upper portions of the shot holes used in the detonation process. In the leaching of ore, fines are removed from fractures therein by intermittent or continuous flushing of the ore with lixiviant and high-pressure gas, e.g., air, using, in the case of the in situ leaching of an explosively fractured ore body, a lateral and upward flow of lixiviant from zones that have been less severely, to others that have been most severely, worked by multiple detonations in the ore body.，下面是Explosive fracturing of deep rock专利的具体信息内容。
1. A process for producing a network of fractures in a deep segment of mineralized rock to prepare said segment for the in situ recovery of mineral values therefrom comprising a. forming an assemblage of cavities in said rock segment; b. positioning chemical explosive charges in a plurality of said cavities in the sections thereof located in said rock segment; c. allowing liquid to fill the fractures existing in the rock around the cavities in the sections thereof located in said rock segment as can be evidenced by a liquid level which is at least as high as the top of said rock segment; and d. detonating said explosive charges sequentially, each detonation in the sequence producing a zone of fracture in said segment and a drop in the level of said liquid, as measurable in the cavity which contained the detonated charge or in a cavity adjacent thereto, said charges being sufficiently large and spaced sufficiently close together that the fracture zones produced in said segment by the detonations of charges in adjacent cavities overlap, the detonation of the charge in each cavity being delayed until after the level of the liquid, as measurable in the cavity containing the charge to be detonated or in a cavity lying within the zone of fracture produced by a previous detonation in a cavity adjacent thereto, has ceased to drop and is at least as high as the top of said rock segment.
2. A process of claim 1 wherein said liquid is water.
3. A process of claim 2 wherein said water is naturally occurring in said rock.
4. A process of claim 1 wherein, in groups of adjacent cavities in which explosive charges are to be detonated, the detonation of the charge in each cavity takes place before charges are positioned in cavities adjacent thereto.
5. A process of claim 1 where in the time elapsing between any two consecutive detonations in a group of adjacent cavities is at least one hour.
6. A process of claim 5 wherein said liquid is introduced into at least one of said cavities and enters said rock by permeating the cavity walls.
7. A process of claim 1 wherein the cavities in which explosive charges are to be detonated form a pattern in which each internal cavity of the pattern is surrounded by at least four adjacent cavities.
8. A process of claim 1 wherein said cavities are substantially vertical drill holes.
9. A process of claim 8 wherein the sections of the holes which are located in said rock segment to be are chambered to larger diameter, and the explosive charges are positioned in the chambered sections.
10. A process of claim 9 wherein said chambered sections are produced by the previous detonation of springing explosive charges in the holes.
11. A process of claim 10 wherein the springing explosive charges employed to produce the chambered sections of said holes are at least about 20 feet long and the bottoms thereof are located below the bottom of said segment of rock.
12. A process of claim 8 wherein a pluraity of holes of said assemblage are drilled from the earth''s surface and are left uncharged with explosive, said holes forming passageways within the fracture network from the earth''s surface to substantially the bottom of said segment of rock.
13. A process of claim 12 wherein said plurality of uncharged holes are drilled and their walls provided with support casing, at least in the portions thereof located in the said segment of rock, prior to the detonation of the explosive charges in holes adjacent thereto.
14. A process of claim 13 wherein liquid is injected into said segment of rock through said uncharged holes.
15. A process of claim 8 wherein, in groups of adjacent holes in which explosive charges are to be detonated, the detonation of the charge in each hole takes place before adjacent holes are drilled.
16. A process of claim 8 wherein said substantially vertical holes are drilled into the segment of rock from the surface, and branch holes are drilled into the segment of rock from said substantially vertical holes at small angles thereto starting at locations overlying said segment of rock.
17. A process for producing a network of fractures in a deep segment of mineralized rock to prepare said segment for the in situ recovery of mineral values therefrom comprising a. forming an assemblage of cavities in said rock segment; b. positioning explosive charges in a plurality of said cavities in the section thereof located in said rock segment; c. detonating said explosive charges sequentially to produce a plurality of fracture zones; d. driving liquid through said fracture zones by injecting gas therein at sufficiently high pressure that fines present in said fracture zones as a result of the crushing or abrading of existing clays or rocks are entrained by said liquid; and e. removing fines-laden liquid from said rock whereby the permeability of said rock segment is restored.
18. A process of claim 15 wherein liquid is driven through, and fines-laden liquid removed from, the fracture zone Produced by the detonation of an explosive charge in a given cavity prior to the detonation of explosive charges in cavities adjacent thereto.
19. A process of claim 15 wherein an assemblage of substantially vertical holes is drilled into said rock from the earth''s surface; explosive charges are detonated in the sections of a plurality of said holes in said segment of rock in a manner such that the sections of said detonated holes located in the overburden that overlies said segment of rock survive the detonations and form a first set of passageways from the earth''s surface to said segment of rock, said first set of passageways leading substantially to the top of said segment of rock; a remaining plurality of holes of said assemblage are left uncharged with explosive and form a second set of passageways from the earth''s surface to said segment of rock, said second set of passageways leading substantially to the bottom of said segment of rock; and liquid is driven through said fracture zones laterally and upwardly from said second set of passageways to said first set of passageways and is brought to the surface through said first set of passageways.
20. A process of claim 17 wherein said uncharged holes are drilled prior to the detonation of said charges, and have their walls provided with support casing at least in the sections thereof located in said segment of rock.
21. A process of claim 19 wherein liquid present in the fracture zones is driven therethrough by gas injected therein through said holes which form said second set of passageways.
22. A process of claim 21 wherein said liquid is watter, and said gas is selected from the group consisting of air, oxygen, and nitrogen.
23. A process of claim 19 wherein said segment of rock is an ore body, and, after the detonation of said explosive charges, a lixiviant for said ore is driven through the fracture zones in said ore body from said holes which form said second set of passageways to said holes which form said first set of passageways, and is brought to the surface through said first set of passageways.
24. A process for producing a network of fractures in a deep segment of mineralized rock to prepare said segment for the in situ recovery of mineral values therefrom comprising a. forming an assemblage of cavities in said rock segment; b. positioning chemical explosive charges in a plurality of said cavities in the sections thereof located in said rock segment; c. allowing liquid to fill the fractures existing in the rock around the cavities in the sections thereof located in said rock segment as can be evidenced by a liquid level which is at least as high as the top of said rock segment; d. detonating said explosive charges sequentially, each detonation in the sequence producing a zone of fracture in said segment and a drop in the level of said liquid, as measurable in the cavity which contained the detonated charge or in a cavity adjacent thereto, said charges being sufficiently large and spaced sufficiently close together that the fracture zones produced in said segment by the detonations of charges in adjacent cavities overlap, the detonation of the charge in each cavity being delayed until after the level of the liquid, as measurable in the cavity containing the charge to be detonated or in a cavity lying within the zone of fracture produced by a previous detonation in a cavity adjacent thereto, has ceased to drop and is at least as high as the top of said rock segment; e. driving liquid through said fracture zones by injecting gas therein at sufficiently high pressure that fines present in said fracture zones as a result of the crushing or abrading of existing clays or rocks are entrained by said liquid; and f. removing fines-laden liquid from said rock whereby the permeability of said rock segment is restored.
25. A process of claim 24 wherein liquid is driven through, and fines-laden liquid removed from, the fracture zone produced by the detonAtion of an explosive charge in a given cavity prior to the detonation of explosive charges in cavities adjacent thereto.
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