Speech synthesizer responsive to a digital command input
阅读：748发布：2023-02-13
专利汇可以提供Speech synthesizer responsive to a digital command input专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且A voice synthesizer including a voiced quantity generator, an unvoiced quantity generator, a control circuit including amplitude and resonance control devices, and an input system for receiving eight-bit digital signals and for producing step function analog control signals to the various phoneme forming control devices. Slow acting filters are connected between the step function generators and the control devices to produce smooth transitions between the analog levels, thus, to realistically simulate the smoothly-changing dynamic quality of human speech. Circuit details are disclosed.，下面是Speech synthesizer responsive to a digital command input专利的具体信息内容。
1. A speech synthesizer system comprising: input means responsive to digital commands to produce analog control signal combinations representing the steady state characteristics of phonemes to be generated; first generator means for producing a first audio signal quantity representing a voiced phoneme constituent, second generator means for producing a second audio signal quantity representing an unvoiced phoneme constituent; first control means for modulating the amplitude of the voice phoneme quantity according to a first of said analog control signals; second control means for modulating the amplitude of the unvoiced phoneme quantity according to second of said analog control signals; a plurality of tunable resonant filters each being responsive to respective third analog control signals to assume selected resonant conditions according to the predetermined resonant frequency poles of the phonemes being generated, means connecting the outputs of the first and second control means to at least some of said filters, output means for cumulatively receiving the quantities passed by said filters, timing means responsive to fifth of said control signals to define the time intervals of said phonemes, and relatively slow acting filter circuit means connecting said analog control signals to said control means and tunable resonant filters and having transfer characteristics which, in sufficient time, duplicate the end parameters of the control signals but which, within the time intervals set by said timing means, substantially prevent said steady state characteristics from being reached during successive phoneme generation for synthesized speech.
2. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the input means comprises storage means for receiving the digital commands, decoder means for deriving from said digital commands a plurality of digital signal outputs, and digital-to-analog converter means for converting said outputs to said control signal combinations.
3. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 2 wherein the storage means operates under the control of the timing means to transfer the digital commands to the decoder means.
4. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 2 wherein the decoder means is a read-only memory matrix.
5. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 2 wherein the converter means includes a plurality of networks for converting each of said digital signal outputs to corresponding relatively abruptly variable analog step functions.
6. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 5 wherein the converter means further includes a plurality of filter circuits connected to the outputs of corresponding networks and having a finite response time to thereby smooth the relatively abruptly variable analog functions into relatively smoothly variable analog functions.
7. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 6 wherein each of the filter circuits is a low-pass filter including an inductive element to pass low frequency components of said functions and a capacitor to shunt high frequency components of said functions.
8. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 6 wherein the filter circuits are connected in a predetermined pattern to the first and second control means and to each of the plurality of tunable filter means to produce relatively smooth, dynamic transitions between phonemes formed sequentially by the system.
9. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the first generator means includes an amplifier for producing a selectively variable frequency, periodic waveform.
10. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 9 including means interconnecting the amplifier and the input means for varying the frequency of said periodic waveform for inflection control.
11. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the second generator means is a broadband Gaussian noise generator.
12. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 including control means connected operatively between the input means and the second control means for amplitude modulating the unvoiced phoneme quantity at a rate which is slow relative to the center frequency of said quantity.
13. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 12 wherein the control means is a chopper.
14. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the output of the second generator means is combined with the output of the first generator means at the first control means to add an unmodulated portion of the unvoiced phoneme quantity to each voiced phoneme quantity.
15. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein said plurality of tunable resonant filters are at least three in number, each of said filters being tunable under the control of said control signals to resonate at frequencies within a selected band whereby each of the phonemes produced may exhibit a resonant envelope having at least three selected amplitude poles.
16. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 15 wherein each of the tunable filters is connected to receive a different control signal from said input means.
17. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 16 including networks in said input means for producing analog control signal variations for the control of said tunable filters.
18. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 17 further including filter circuits in said input means and individually connected between the networks and the tunable filters for smoothing relatively abrupt amplitude transitions in the control signals as applied to the tunable filters thereby to smooth transitions between successive phonemes.
19. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the output means includes a fixed resonance filter to add a synthesis of nasal resonance to the phonemes received and produced thereby.
20. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the first and second control means are variable gain amplifiers.
21. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 20 including an exponential function generator connected operatively between the input means and the second control means for synthesizing plosive phonemes.
22. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 comprising means for modulating at least one of said analog control signals to effect an abrupt amplitude change in at least a constituent of a given phoneme in accordance with the interaction of said given phoneme and certain predetermined other adjacent phonemes.
23. A speech synthesizer as defined in claim 22 wherein said means for modulating includes a selectively operated shunt circuit connected to said first control means for modulating said first analog control signal during at least a portion of a given phoneme interval.
24. A speech synthesizer as defined in claim 22 wherein said means for modulating includes a selectively operated shunt circuit connecTed to said second control means for modulating said second analog control signal during at least a portion of a given phoneme interval.
25. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 22 wherein said means for modulating includes selectively operable shunt circuit means connected to at least one of said individual control means for modulating at least one of said still additional analog control signals thereby to effect an amplitude modulation of at least one of the resonant conditions during at least a portion of a given phoneme interval.
26. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 25 wherein said individual control means each includes an analog signal responsive multiplier and a control signal conductor connected between said input means and said control means, said shunt circuit means comprising a transistor switch having a control electrode and a pair of primary electrodes, said primary electrodes being connected to said control signal conductor in shunt relation to reduce the control signal thereon when said switch is conducting, and additional control signal conductor means connected between said input means and said control electrode.
27. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 22 wherein said means for modulating comprises circuit means connected between said input means and said first and second control means for subtracting at least a portion of said first analog control signal from said second analog control signal and applying the result to said second control means.
28. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 27 wherein said means for modulating further comprises circuit means for subtracting at least a portion of said second analog control signal from said first analog control signal and applying the result to said first control means.
29. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 28 including signal clamping means connected to said circuit means for establishing minimum control signal levels for said first and second control means.
30. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 1 wherein the tunable filters are three in number, the first tunable filter being connected to receive a mixture of an unmodulated unvoiced phoneme quantity and the voiced phoneme quantity and being controllably tunable to resonate at frequencies within a first relatively low frequency band, the second tunable filter being connected to receive both the modulated voiced and modulated unvoiced phoneme quantities and being controllably tunable to resonate at frequencies within a second relatively intermediate frequency band, and the third tunable filter being connected to receive both the modulated voiced and modulated unvoiced phoneme quantities and controllably tunable to resonate at frequencies within a third relatively high frequency band.
31. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 30 wherein the low, intermediate and high ranges are approximately 100 Hz to 1,000 Hz, 500 Hz to 3,000 Hz, and 1,000 Hz to 4,000 Hz, respectively.
32. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 30 wherein each of said tunable filters includes a tuning capacitor, and means for varying the voltage across the capacitor to tune said filter.
33. A speech synthesizer system as defined in claim 6 wherein at least some of the phonemes addressable via the input means are of a duration which is shorter than the response time of the filter circuits.
34. A speech synthesizer circuit comprising means for producing a basic voiced phoneme quantity; means for producing a basic unvoiced phoneme quantity; selectively addressable control means for variably modulating the amplitudes and resonance envelopes of combinations of the phoneme quantities, input means for generating a sequence of relatively abruptly varying analog control signals at predetermined occurrence intervals and representing nominal steady state values of phoneme amplitude and frequency content, and relatively slow response filter circuiTs connected to apply relatively smoothly varying counterparts of said analog control signals to the control means thereby to produce a smooth dynamic transitions between successive phonemes, the filter means being of such electrical transfer characteristics as to be capable of reconstructing at the outputs thereof the end parameters of said analog control signals in a time period which is substantially longer than the predetermined time intervals between the signals in said sequence whereby said steady state values typically cannot be reached within said phoneme time intervals.
35. A speech synthesizer circuit as defined in claim 34 and further comprising means for selectively effecting an abrupt amplitude change in at least a constituent of a phoneme in accordance with the predetermined interaction of said phoneme and at least one other phoneme which is adjacent in time.
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