Phased array system
阅读：1011发布：2021-05-27
专利汇可以提供Phased array system专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且A phased array antenna utilizing a parasitic reflector in which the area of the array of radiating elements is smaller than the area of the reflector. The reflector has a concave surface which, in one embodiment of the invention, is a hyperbola of revolution for collimating the rays of radiation incident thereupon from the array of radiating elements. The surface of the reflector is particularly adapted to permit the generation of a set of phase shift command signals by means of a novel ray tracing program to provide a collimated beam which may be scanned in response to the phase shift imparted through radiation radiated by the radiating elements. A narrow beam of radiation is obtained by virtue of the relatively large sized reflector even though the dimensions of the array of radiating elements are relatively small.，下面是Phased array system专利的具体信息内容。
1. A system for obtaining data relative to a source of radiation, said system comprising: first means for altering the direction of a wavefront of radiation of said source incident upon said first means by altering the phase of one ray of said radiation relative to another ray of said radiation, said first means comprising regions through which said rays of radiation propagate, the phase length of one of said regions being variable with respect to the phase length of another of said regions to permit a varying of said direction; second means for altering the direction of one ray of radiation incident thereupon relative to another ray of radiation incident thereupon, said second means being positioned from said first means such that said rays of radiation propagate from one of said means to the other of said means, said second means having a curved surface from the class of surfaces consisting of hyperboloids and ellipsoids, an arc of said curved surface lying in a plane containing a plurality of said wavefront directions altered by said first means, the amount of said altering of direction by said second means being selected in accordance with the amount of said altering of said phase by said first means in a manner which retains a uniformly formed radiating aperture independently of said direction; and third means coupled to said first means and said second means for extracting data relative to said source from said radiation.
2. The system according to claim 1 further comprising fourth means coupled to said first means for varying the phase length of one of said regions independently of the phase length of another of said regions thereby accomplishing a scanning of radiation, said second means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said first means to said second means.
3. A system for obtaining data relative to a source of radiation, said system comprising: first means for altering the direction of a wavefront of radiation of said source incident upon said first means by altering the phase of one ray of said radiation relative to another ray of radiation, said first means comprising regions through which said rays of radiation propagate, the phase length of one of said regions being variable with respect to the phase length of another of said regions to permit a varying of said direction; second means for altering the direction of one ray of radiation incident thereupon relative to another ray of radiation incident thereupon, said second means being positioned from said first means such that said rays of radiation propagate from one of said means to the other of said means, the amount of said altering of direction by said second means being selected in accordance with the amount of said altering of said phase by said first means in a manner which retains a uniformly formed radiating aperture independently of said direction, said second means comprising a surface having the form of a conic section of revolution about an axis, said axis of revolution coinciding with the axis of the conic section; third means coupled to said first means and said second means for extracting data relative to said source from said radiation, said data being trajectory data of said source with respect to a movement of said source relative to said system; and fourth means coupled to said first means for varying the phase length of one of said regions independently of the phase length of another of said regions, said fourth means being further coupled to said third means, said third means utilizing said trajectory data for adjusting said phase lengths of said regions to provide a receiving beam to intercept a future position of said source to receive radiation therefrom.
4. The system according to claim 3 further comprising fifth means coupled to said first and said second means for transmitting radiation towards said source.
5. The system according to claim 4 wherein said fifth means is coupled to said third means, said third means correlating received radiation signals with transmitted radiation signals.
6. A focusing system comprising: first means for altering the direction of a wavefront of radiation incident thereupon by altering the phase of one ray of said radiation relative to and independently of the phase of another ray of said radiation; and second means positioned from said first means such that said rays of radiation propagate from one of said means to the other of said means, said second means altering the direction of one ray of radiation relative to another ray of radiation incident thereupon, said second means having a curved surface from the class of surfaces consisting of hyperboloids and ellipsoids, an arc of said curved surface lying in a plane containing a plurality of said wavefront directions altered by said first means, a central axis of said first means being angled with respect to an axis of said second means containing a focal point of said curved surface of said second means, the amount of said altering of direction by said second means being selected in accordance with the amount of said altering of said phase by said first means to generate a beam of radiation having a substantially uniform directivity pattern independently of the direction of propagation of said beam of radiation.
7. The focusing system according to claim 6 wherein said first means comprises phase shifting elements responsive to phase shifter control signals while providing electronically selectable phase shifts, said focusing system further comprising means responsive to a beam steering command signal for generating said phase shifter control signals thereby accomplishing a scanning of radiation, said second means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said first means to said second means, said signal generating means comprising means for computing the values of phase shift to be selected for each of said phase shifters to direct said rays of radiation in the direction corresponding to said beam steering command.
8. The focusing system according to claim 6 wherein said first means comprises phase shifting elements responsive to phase shifter control signals for providing electronically selectable phase shifts, said focusing system further comprising means responsive to a beam steering command signal for generating said phase shifter control signals thereby accomplishing a scanning of radiation, said second means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said first means to said second means, said signal generating means comprising means providing a set of pulse signals each of which is adapted to obtain a predetermined phase shift of said phase shifters, and means responsive to said values of phase shift computed by said computing means for coupling specific ones of said pulse signals to individual ones of said phase shifters.
9. In combination: means for reflecting radiant energy; a source of radiAnt energy; and means for focusing rays of said radiant energy of said source and directing said focused rays in a direction toward said reflecting means, said focusing means comprising regions through which said rays of radiant energy propagate, the phase length of one of said regions being variable with respect to the phase length of another of said regions to permit a varying of said direction, said reflecting means having a surface curved from the class of surfaces consisting of hyperboloids and ellipsoids for intercepting said rays from said focusing means in a manner which retains a uniformly formed radiating aperture independently of said direction, an arc of said curved surface of said reflecting means lying in a plane containing a plurality of said ray directions altered by said first means.
10. The combination according to claim 9 wherein said regions of said focusing means comprise phase shifters providing electronically selectable phase shifts thereby accomplishing a scanning of said rays of radiant energy, said reflecting means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said focusing means to said reflecting means, said focusing means further comprising means responsive to a beam steering command signal for generating phase shifter control signals for selecting the phase of said phase shifters.
11. The combination according to claim 9 wherein said regions of said focusing means comprise phase shifters providing electronically selectable phase shifts thereby accomplishing a scanning of said rays of said radiant energy, said reflecting means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said focusing means to said reflecting means, said focusing means further comprising means responsive to a beam steering command signal for generating phase shifter control signals for selecting the phase of said phase shifters, said signal generating means comprising means for computing the values of phase shift to be selected for each of said phase shifters to direct said rays of radiant energy in the direction corresponding to said beam steering command.
12. The combination according to claim 9 wherein said regions of said focusing means comprise phase shifters providing electronically selectable phase shifts thereby accomplishing a scanning of said rays of radiant energy, said reflecting means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of the radiation which propagates from said focusing means to said reflecting means, said focusing means further comprising means responsive to a beam steering command signal for generating phase shifter control signals for selecting the phases of said phase shifters, said signal generating means comprising means for computing the values of phase shifts to be selected for each of said phase shifters to direct said rays of radiant energy in the direction corresponding to said beam steering command, said signal generating means further comprising means providing a set of pulse signals each of which is adapted to select a predetermined phase shift of said phase shifters, and means responsive to said values of phase shift computed by said computing means for coupling specific ones of said pulse signals to individual ones of said phase shifters.
13. In combination: means for reflecting radiant energy; a source of radiant energy; means for focusing rays of said radiant energy of said source and directing said focused rays in a direction towards said reflecting means, said focusing means comprising regions through which said rays of radiant energy propagate, the phase length of one of said regions being variable with respect to the phase length of another of said regions to permit a varying of said direction, said reflecting means having a surface curved for intercepting said rays of said focusing means in a manner which retains a uniformly formed radiating aperture independently of said direction, said regions of Said focusing means comprising phase shifters providing electronically selectable phase shifts, said focusing means further comprising means responsive to a beam steering command signal for generating phase shifter control signals for selecting the phases of said phase shifters, said signal generating means comprising means for computing the values of phase shifts to be selected for each of said phase shifters to direct said rays of radiant energy in the direction corresponding to said beam steering command, said signal generating means further comprising means providing a set of pulse signals each of which is adapted to select a predetermined phase shift of said phase shifters, and means responsive to said values of said phase shift computed by said computing means for coupling specific ones of said pulse signals to individual ones of said phase shifters, said signal generating means further providing additional pulse signals for temperature compensation of said phase shifters.
14. In combination: first means for phase shifting the phase of one ray of radiation relative to the phase of a second ray of radiation, said first means comprising an array of elements each of which accepts one of said rays and retransmits said ray with a phase shift imparted thereto, the phase shift imparted by one of said elements being independent of the phase shift imparted by a second of said elements; second means for directing said elements of said first means to provide phase shifts resulting in divergent rays of radiation; and third means having a conic section surface of the class of surfaces consisting of hyperboloids and ellipsoids for demagnifying the amount of said divergence of said diverging rays to form a beam of substantially collimated rays of radiation with a radiating aperture larger than the array of elements of said first means.
15. A focusing system for propagating radiation between an element of said system and a vehicle moving relative to said element, said system comprising: first means for transmitting radiant energy toward said vehicle; second means for receiving radiant energy; third means responsive to said transmitted radiant energy of said first means for transmitting radiant energy from said vehicle toward said second means; and said second means comprising: means for gathering rays of said received energy, said gathering means having a uniformly curved surface of the class of surfaces consisting of hyperboloids and ellipsoids, said surface being larger than a cross section of a beam of said received energy for redirecting said rays of received energy along converging paths; and an array of phasing means, each of said phasing means being positioned on said converging paths for independently providing predetermined phase shifts to rays of energy incident thereupon from said gathering means for further converging said rays towards a fixed point independently of the direction of said vehicle relative to said gathering means thereby providing for a scanning of said rays of energy, said gathering means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said gathering means to said phasing means, an arc of said curved surface lying in a plane containing a plurality of said ray directions altered by said array of phasing means.
16. A focusing system for propagating radiation between an element of said system and a vehicle moving relative to said element, said system comprising: first means for transmitting radiant energy toward said vehicle; second means for receiving radiant energy; third means responsive to said transmitted radiant energy of said first means for transmitting radiant energy from said vehicle toward said second means; said second means comprising: means for gathering rays of said received energy, said gathering means having a uniformly curved surface larger than a cross section of a beam of said received energy for redirecting said rayS of received energy along converging paths; and an array of phasing means, each of said phasing means being positioned on said converging paths for independently providing predetermined phase shifts to rays of energy incident thereupon from said gathering means for further converging said rays toward a fixed point independently of the direction of said vehicle relative to said gathering means, and means responsive to said data provided by said received radiant energy and to the present direction of said vehicle as determined from the present values of the phase shifts of said phasing means for computing a future direction of said vehicle.
17. The system according to claim 16 further comprising means responsive to said computing means and coupled to each of said phasing means for signalling said phasing means to provide predetermined phase shifts having values computed by said computing means.
18. The system according to claim 17 wherein said curved surface of said gathering means has a curvature in at least one dimension according to a conic section.
19. The system according to claim 17 wherein said curved surface of said gathering means is a hyperboloid of revolution, and said gathering means is a reflector of radiant energy.
20. The system according to claim 17 wherein said gathering means is positioned within the near field of said array of phasing means.
21. The system according to claim 20 wherein said gathering means is located alongside a path of travel of said vehicle.
22. The system according to claim 21 wherein said signalling means provides said phasing means with additional signals differing in accordance with the temperatures of individual ones of said phasing means to compensate for the effect of said temperatures on said phasing means.
23. In combination: first means for altering the direction of a wavefront of radiation incident thereupon by altering the phase of one ray of said radiation relative to another ray of said radiation, said first means comprising an array of phase shifting elements through which said rays of radiation propagate, the phase length of one of said phase shifting elements being variable with respect to the phase length of another of said phase shifting elements to permit a varying of said direction; second means for altering the direction of one ray of radiation incident thereupon relative to another ray of radiation incident thereupon, said second means being positioned from said first means such that said rays of radiation propagate from one of said means to the other of said means; means coupled to said phase shifting elements for generating phase shifter control signals for selecting the phase shift imparted by each of said phase shifting elements, said signal generating means comprising means for providing a set of pulse signals each of which is adapted to select a predetermined phase shift of said phase shifters and means for providing additional pulse signals to each of said phase shifting elements in accordance with its location in the array of said phase shifting elements for temperature compensation of said phase shifters.
24. In combination: first means for altering the direction of a wavefront of radiation incident thereupon by altering the phase of one ray of said radiation relative to another ray of said radiation, said first means comprising regions through which said rays of radiation propagate, the phase length of one of said regions being variable with respect to the phase length of another of said regions to permit a varying of said direction thereby accomplishing a scanning of radiation; and second means for altering the direction of one ray of radiation incident thereupon, said second means being positioned within the Fresnel zone of said first means such that said rays of radiation propagate from one of said means to the other of said means, said second means having a curved surface of the class of surfaces consisting of hyperboloids and ellipsoids, a central axis of said first means being angled with respect to an axis of said second means containing a focal point of said surface, an arc of said curved surface lying in a plane containing a plurality of said wavefront directions altered by said first means, said second means being sufficiently curved to reduce the angle of scanning of a radiation which propagates from said first means to said second means.
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