Variable spherulitic diffraction
阅读：912发布：2022-11-19
专利汇可以提供Variable spherulitic diffraction专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且Variable diffraction of light is provided by utilization of a novel, stable spherulitic texture of a liquid crystalline composition. Light directed upon an array of spherulites in the liquid crystalline composition is diffracted; and the diffraction is changed by applying a voltage across the layer of liquid crystalline composition which results in the change in size of the spherulites. The variable diffraction thus produced can be utilized in optical filters, modulators, color displays and beam splitters.，下面是Variable spherulitic diffraction专利的具体信息内容。
1. A method of variably diffracting light, comprising: a. providing on a substrate a layer of aligned liquid crystalline composition comprising a dielectrically negative nematic liquid crystalline material and from about 0.4% to about 3% by weight of an optically acitve material, said liquid crystalline material when not in the aligned state being optically negative and having a light reflection band centered about lambda o 2np where n index of refraction and p helical pitch, the ratio of the helical pitch of the nonaligned liquid crystalline composition to the layer thickness of liquid crystalline composition being from about 1 to about 10, said layer of aligned liquid crystalline composition comprising spherulitic regions of liquid crystalline composition; b. directing light upon said spherulitic regions wherein said light is diffracted; and c. applying a voltage across said layer of liquid crystalline composition in an amount less than that required to produce dynamic scattering in said layer of liquid crystalline composition wherein the spherulitic regions of said liquid crystalline composition are increased in size and diffraction of said light is correspondingly altered.
2. A method of variably diffracting light, comprising: a. providing on a substrate, a layer of liquid crystalline composition comprising a dielectrically negative nematic liquid crystalline material and from about 0.4% to about 3% by weight of an optically active material, said liquid crystalline composition when out of contact with an aligning agent or treated substrate being optically negative and having a light reflection band centered about lambda o equal to 2np, where n index of refraction and p helical pitch of said liquid crystalline composition, Said liquid crystalline composition when in contact with an aligning agent or treated substrate being in the homeotropic or homogeneous texture of the nematic mesophase, said liquid crystalline composition when in the homeotropic or homogeneous texture of the nematic mesophase capable of undergoing electrically induced transition into a spherulitic texture upon removal of an applied voltage; the ratio of said helical pitch to the thickness of said layer being from about 1 to about 10; an aligning agent or treated substrate in contact with said layer of liquid crystalline composition; and, within a portion of interest of said layer of liquid crystalline composition, an array of spherulites, said spherulites lacking the optical characteristics of the homeotiopic or homogeneous texture of the nematic mesophase and being surrounded by said liquid crystalline composition having the optical characteristics of the homeotropic or homogeneous texture of the nematic mesophase; b. providing a light source and directing light from said source upon said layer portion of interest having said array of spherulites wherein light from said light source undergoes diffraction; and c. applying a voltage across said layer portion of interest in an amount less than that required to produce dynamic scattering in said layer of liquid crystalline composition wherein the spherulites are increased in size and the diffraction of light from said light source is correspondingly altered.
3. The method according to claim 2 wherein in step (b) the light from said light source is transmitted through said layer of liquid crystalline composition and said substrate.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein said substrate is a reflective substrate and wherein in step (b) the light from said light source is reflected from said substrate.
5. The method of claim 2 further including a linear polarizer positioned between said light source and said layer of liquid crystalline composition.
6. The method of claim 2 wherein said applied voltage is a D.C. voltage.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein said voltage is applied in an amount up to about one-half the amount of voltage required to produce dynamic scattering in said layer of liquid crystalline composition.
8. The method of claim 2 wherein said voltage is an A.C. voltage at a frequency of up to about 1000 Hz.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein said voltage is applied in an amount up to to about one-half the amount of voltage required to produce dynamic scattering in said layer of liquid crystalline composition.
10. The method of claim 2 wherein, in step (c) the spherulites become hexagonal in shape.
11. The method of claim 2 further including the transmission of at least one wavelength of diffracted light through an optical stop.
12. The method of claim 11 wherein only one wavelength of diffracted light is passed through the optical stop.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein said one wavelength of diffracted light is in the visible region of the spectrum.
14. The method of claim 11 wherein all but one wavelength of diffracted light is passed through the optical stop.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said all but one wavelength of diffracted light is in the visible region of the spectrum.
16. The method of claim 11 wherein said at least one wavelength of diffracted light transmitted through said optical stop is further transmitted through a collimating lens,
17. The method of claim 11 wherein said at least one wavelength of diffracted light transmitted through said optical stop is further transmitted through a collecting lens.
18. The method of claim 2 wherein said light source comprises a white light source.
19. The method of claim 2 wherein said light source comprises a laser.
20. The method of claim 2 wherein the light directed upon said layer portion of interest in step (c) is in imagewise configuration.
21. The method of claim 2 wherein the layer portion of interest having said array of spherUlites is in imagewise configuration.
22. The method according to claim 2 further including the step (d) of decreasing or increasing the voltage applied in step (c) wherein the size of said spherulites is decreased or increased, respectively.
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