High speed switch |
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| 申请号 | US40260773 | 申请日 | 1973-10-01 | 公开(公告)号 | US3876909A | 公开(公告)日 | 1975-04-08 |
| 申请人 | ALLIS CHALMERS; | 发明人 | HALBACH EDWARD A; GAILATIN PAUL M; | ||||
| 摘要 | A high speed switch for short-circuiting the electrical output of an alternating current generator or other generator. The shorting switch includes a stationary shorting bar connected to one electrical output line to be shorted. The other output lines to be shorted are respectively connected each to a separate hairpinshaped contact carrier of spring material and having low mass and low bounce characteristics. Each contact carrier is normally engaged by a "contact hold-down means" to hold the respective contact carrier and its associated contact out of conductive engagement with the shorting bar. The contact hold-down means is normally held in its contact hold-down (nonshorting) position by a magnetic detent device. Upon the occurrence of a fault in the electrical output system being protected, a signal is transmitted to the magnetic detent device to reduce the magnetic holding force sufficiently to permit the stored energy of the spring-like contact carriers, aided by an auxiliary spring, to rapidly move the contact hold-down means out of hold-down relation to the spring-like contact carriers, the contact carriers with their respective associated contacts moving into conductive engagement with the shorting bar. Shorting of the output lines instantaneously removes the energy source supplying fault current. In essence, the fault current is "diverted" from the fault to the shorting device. A motor driven relatching device is provided to move the armature which supports the contact holddown means into magnetically latched engagement with the magnetic detent means. | ||||||
| 权利要求 | 1. A high speed switch for short circuiting at least two electrical output lines of an alternating current electrical generator upon the occurrence of a predetermined condition, comprising a first electrical conductor member adapted to be conductively connected to one of said electrical output lines, a second electrical conductor member of spring material, said second conductor member being adapted to be conductively connected to the other of said electrical output lines, detent means for normally holding said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, said detent means being adapted to release said second conductor member upon the occurrence of said predetermined condition, said second conductor member upon release by said detent means moving due to its own spring energy into conductive relation with said first conductor member, whereby to short circuit said electrical output lines to each other, the short circuit current through said second conductor member decaying from X amperes to substantially zero amperes in a short time interval determined by the short circuit characteristics of the alternating current electrical generator upon opening of its field circuit whereby said second conductor member may have a mass which is substantially less than the mass which would be required for said second conductor member for a continuous current rating of X amperes. 2. A high speed switch as defined in claim 1 in which said first conductor member is a rigid bar-like member having an electrical contact element thereon, said second conductor member being a contact carrier and having an electrical contact carried thereby which is movable into engagement with said electrical contact carried by said first conductor member when said second conductor member is released by said detent means. 3. A high speed switch as defined in claim 1 in which said second conductor member is a spring of substantially hairpin (i.e., U-) shape, one leg of said hairpin-shaped conductor member being anchored in fixed position, the other leg of said hairpin-shaped conductor member being normally engaged by said detent means to store spring energy in said hairpin-shaped conductor member, said other leg being movable toward and into conductive relation with said first conductor member when said other leg is released by said detent means. 4. A high speed switch as defined in claim 1 in which said detent means comprises magnetic means, an armature magnetically engageable with said magnetic means, means carried by said armature for normally holding said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, and trip coil means associated with said magnetic means and effective upon the occurrence of said predetermined condition to permit release of said armature from said magnetic means whereby to permit movement of said second conductor member under its own spring force into conductive relation with said first conductor member. 5. A high speed switch as defined in claim 1 in which the short circuit current carried by said conductor member has a maximum value of the order of magnitude of thousands of amperes, and said short circuit current decays to substantially zero in a short time interval as determined by the short circuit characteristics of said alternating current generator upon opening of its field circuit, whereby the mass of said second conductor member may be made substantially less than the mass of a conductor member having a continuous or steady state current rating of said maximum value. 6. A high speed switch as defined in claim 1 including means for relatching said detent means subsequent to the release of said second conductor member, whereby said detent means again holds said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 7. A high speed switch as defined in claim 4 including relatching means adapted to move said armature into magnetic engagement with said magnetic means whereby to again hold said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 8. A high speed switch as defined in claim 1 comprising a hold-down means forming part of said detent means for normally engaging said second conductor member to hold said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, and an auxiliary spring engaging said hold-down means, said auxiliary spring being effective to maintain said hold-down means at a position in which any bouncing movement of said hold-down means subsequent to movement of said second conductor member into conductive relation to said first conductor member will be out of range of said second conductor member, whereby any bouncing movement of said hold-down means will be ineffective to move said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 9. A high speed switch as defined in claim 4 comprising an auxiliary spring engageable with said means carried by said armature, said auxiliary spring being effective to maintain said means carried by said armature at a position in which any bouncing movement of said means carried by said armature after said second conductor member has been actuated into conductive relation with said first conductor member will be out of range of said second conductor member, whereby any bouncing movement of said means carried by said armature will be ineffective to move said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 10. A high speed switch, comprising a first electrical conductor member, a second electrical conductor member of spring material, detent means for normally holding said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, said detent means being adapted to release said second conductor member upon actuation of said detent means to a release condition, said second conductor member upon release by said detent means moving due to its own spring energy into conductive relation with said first conductor member. 11. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 in which said second conductor member is a spring of substantially U-shape, one leg of said hairpin (i.e. U-) shape conductor membeer being anchored in fixed position, the other leg of said U-shaped conductor member being normally engaged by said detent means to store spring energy in said U-shaped conductor member, said other leg being movable toward and into conductive relation with said first conductor member when said other leg is released by said detent means. 12. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 in which said second conductor member when in conductive relation to said first conductor member is adapted to carry a current which decays from a maximum value of X amperes to substantially zero amperes in a short time interval whereby said second conductor member may have a mass which is substantially less than the mass which would be required for said second conductor member for a continuous current rating of X amperes. 13. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 in which the current carried by said second conductor member has a maximum value of the order of magnitude of thousands of amperes, and said current decays to substantially zero in a time interval of the approximate order of magnitude of a few seconds or less whereby the mass of said second conductor member may be made substantially less than the mass of a conductor member having a continuous or steady state current rating of said maximum value. 14. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 in which said first conductor member is a rigid bar-like member having an electrical contact element thereon, said second conductor member being a contact carrier and having an electrical contact carried thereby which is movable into engagement with said electrical contact carried by said first conductor member when said second conductor member is released by said detent means. 15. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 including means for relatching said detent means subsequent to the release of said second conductor member, whereby said detent means again holds said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 16. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 in which said detent means comprises magnetic means, an armature magnetically engageable with said magnetic means, means carried by said armature for normally holding said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, and trip coil means associated with said magnetic means and effective upon the actuation of said trip coil means to release condition to permit release of said armature from said magnetic means whereby to permit movement of said second conductor member under its own spring force into conductive relation with said first conductor member. 17. A high speed switch as defined in claim 16 including relatching means adapted to move said armature into magnetic engagement with said magnetic means whereby to again hold said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 18. A high speed switch as defined in claim 10 comprising a hold-down means operatively associated with said detent means for normally engaging said second conductor member to hold said second conductor member against the spring force of said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, and an auxiliary spring engaging said hold-down means, said auxiliary spring being effective to maintain said hold-down means at a position in which any bouncing movement of said hold-down means subsequent to movement of said second conductor member into conductive relation to said first conductor member will be out of range of said second conductor member, whereby any bouncing movement of said hold-down means will be ineffective to move said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 19. A high speed switch as defined in claim 16 comprising an auxiliary spring engageable with said means carried by said armature, said auxiliary spring being effective to maintain said means carried by said armature at a position in which any bouncing movement of said means carried by said armature after said second conductor member has been actuated into conductive relation with said first conductor member will be out of range of said second conductor member, whereby any bouncing movement of said means carried by said armature will be ineffective to move said second conductor member out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 20. A high speed switch for short-circuiting in excess of two electrical lines to each other, comprising a first electrical conductor member adapted to be conductively connected to one of said electrical lines, said first conductor member being a rigid bar-like member, a plurality of additional electrical conductor members each respectively adapted to be conductively connected to the respective other electrical lines, each conductor member of said plurality of additional conductor members being of spring material, a detent means common to all of said additional conductor members for normally holding the plurality of additional conductor members against the spring force of the respective additional conductive members out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, said detent means being adapted to simultaneously release said plurality of additional conductor members upon actuation of said detent means to release condition, said plurality of additional conductor members upon release by said detent means moving due to the spring energy of the respective additional conductor members into conductive relation with said first conductor member. 21. A high speed switch as defined in claim 20 in which each of said plurality of additional conductor members is a spring of substantially hairpin (i.e., U-) shape, one leg of each said hairpin-shaped conductor member being anchored in fixed position, the other leg of each said hairpin-shaped conductor member being normally engaged by said detent means to store spring energy in said hairpin-shaped conductor member, said other leg of each said additional conductor member being movable toward and into conductive relation with said first conductor member when said other leg is released by said detent means. 22. A high speed switch as defined in claim 20 comprising a hold-down means forming part of said detent means for normally engaging said plurality of additional conductor members to hold said plurality of additional conductor members against the spring force of said additional conductor members out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, and an auxiliary spring engaging said hold-down means, said auxiliary spring being effective to maintain said hold-down means at a position in which any bouncing movement of said hold-down means subsequent to movement of said plurality of additional conductor members into conductive relation to said first conductor member will be out of range of said plurality of additional conductor members, whereby any bouncing movement of said hold-down means will be ineffective to move any of said plurality of additional conductor members out of conductive relation with said first conductor member. 23. A high speed switch as defined in claim 20 in which said detent means comprises magnetic means, an armature magnetically engageable with said magnetic means, means carried by said armature for normally holding said plurality of additional conductor members against the spring force of said additional conductor members out of conductive relation with said first conductor member, and trip coil means associated with said magnetic means and effective upon the actuation of said trip coil means to release condition to permit release of said armature from said magnetic means whereby to permit movement of said plurality of additional conductor members under their own spring force into conductive relation with said first conductor member. 24. A high speed switch for electrically connecting a plurality of electrical conductor members to each other, comprising a rigid member of electrically conducting material, a plurality of electrical conductor members each made of spring material, a detent means common to said plurality of electrical conductor members for normally holding said plurality of electrical conductor members against the spring force of the respective conductor members out of conductive relation with said rigid member, said detent means being adapted to simultaneously release said plurality of electrical conductor members upon actuation of said detent means to release condition, said plurality of conductor members upon release by said detent means moving due to the spring energy of the respective conductor members into conductive relation with said rigid member. 25. A high speed switch as defined in claim 24 in which each of said plurality of conductor members is a spring of substantially hairpin (i.e., U-) shape, one leg of each said hairpin-shaped conductor member being anchored in fixed position, the other leg of each said hairpin-shaped conductor member being normally engaged by said detent means to store spring energy in said hairpin-shaped conductor member, said other leg of each said plurality of conductor members being movable toward and into conductive relation with said rigid member when said other leg is released by said detent means. 26. A high speed switch as defined in claim 24 comprising a hold-down means forming part of said detent means for normally engaging said plurality of conductor members to hold said plurality of conductor members against the spring force of said plurality of conductor members out of conductive relation with said rigid member, and an auxiliary spring engaging said hold-down means, said auxiliary spring being effective to maintain said hold-down means at a position in which any bouncing movement of said hold-down means subsequent to movement of said plurality of conductor members into conductive relation to said rigid member will be out of range of said plurality of conductor members, whereby any bouncing movement of said hold-down means will be ineffective to move any of said plurality of conductor members out of conductive relation with said rigid member. 27. A high speed switch as defined in claim 24 in which said detent means comprises a magnetic hold-down means, an armature magnetically engageable with said magnetic hold-down means, means carried by said armature for normally holding said plurality of conductor members against the spring force of said plurality of conductor members out of conductive relation with said rigid member, and trip coil means associated with said magnetic hold-down means and effective upon the actuation of said trip coil means to a release condition to permit release of said armature from said magnetic hold-down means whereby to permit movement of said plurality of conductor members under their own spring force into conductive relation with said rigid member. |
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