最新美国发明专利第2012-05-29期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US08190261B2	Gastrointestinal anchor in optimal surface area A device, system and method for anchoring a device to a stomach is provided. The device may be, among other things, a sensor for sensing various parameters of the stomach or stomach environment, or may be a therapeutic delivery device. The anchor of the device is constructed to resist pull out forces. An anchor has an optimal weight to surface area ratio.
US08190259B1	Header design for implantable pulse generator In one embodiment, an implantable pulse generator for electrically stimulating a patient comprises: a metallic housing enclosing pulse generating circuitry; a header mechanically coupled to the metallic housing, the header adapted to seal terminals of one or more stimulation leads within the header and to provide electrical connections for the terminals; the header comprising an inner compliant component for holding a plurality of electrical connectors, the plurality of electrical connectors electrically coupled to the pulse generating circuitry through feedthrough wires, wherein the plurality of electrical connectors are held in place in recesses within the compliant inner component, the header further comprising an outer shield component adapted to resist punctures, the outer shield component fitting over at least a portion of the inner compliant component.
US08190257B2	System to treat AV-conducted ventricular tachyarrhythmia Various aspects of the present subject matter provide devices and methods to treat AV-conducted ventricular tachyarrhythmia (AVCVT). According to various embodiments of the method, an AVCVT is sensed, an IVC-LA fat pad is stimulated when the AVCVT is sensed to block AV conduction, and bradycardia support pacing is provided while the IVC-LA fat pad is stimulated. Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein.
US08190256B2	Methods and devices for implementing time of day pacing adjustments Methods and systems are directed to delivering cardiac pacing therapy to a patient. A pacing therapy associated with one or more pacing parameters is delivered. Alternate cardiac pacing therapies associated with one or more alternate pacing parameters are transitioned to, based on a sleep/wake cycle of the patient. Interactions between the pacing parameters of the pacing therapy and the alternate pacing parameters are resolved. Resolving pacing parameters may be based on analysis of lower rate limits and/or lower rate hysteresis, for example.
US08190255B2	System and method for analyzing waves of electrocardiogram during CPR Electrocardiogram wave data in which a component of cardiac massage is removed from the electrocardiogram wave data is generated, so that the electrocardiogram wave at the time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation is identified. An electrocardiogram wave processing system of obtaining and processing the electrocardiogram wave data includes a wave identification unit that identifies an electrocardiogram wave from the obtained electrocardiogram wave data, a feature selection unit that selects a feature pattern including a feature when a cardiac massage has been performed with respect to the electrocardiogram wave data identified by the wave identification unit, a generation unit that generates a component of the cardiac massage using the feature pattern selected by the feature selection unit, and a removal unit that removes, from the obtained electrocardiogram wave data, the component of the cardiac massage generated by the generation unit.
US08190252B2	Iontophoretic system for transdermal delivery of active agents for therapeutic and medicinal purposes An embodiment of a system includes a power source and at least two electrode assembles. The power source that an output current that alternates between a maximum current value and a minimum current value; a pair of electrode assemblies. Each electrode assembly is configured to be held in contact with a skin layer of a user. Additionally, each electrode assembly includes an electrode that is coupled to the power source to receive the output current from the power source. At least one of the electrode assemblies in the pair includes a medium that carries an active agent having a charge, the medium being provided on the at least one electrode assembly to enable the output current to repel the active agent into the skin layer for a duration in which the output current has a polarity that is the same as a polarity of the active agent.
US08190248B2	Medical devices for the detection, prevention and/or treatment of neurological disorders, and methods related thereto Disclosed are devices and methods for detecting, preventing, and/or treating neurological disorders. These devices and methods utilize electrical stimulation, and comprise a unique concentric ring electrode component. The disclosed methods involve the positioning of multiple electrodes on the scalp of a mammal; monitoring the mammal's brain electrical patterns to identify the onset of a neurological event; identifying the location of the brain electrical patterns indicative of neurological event; and applying transcutaneous or transcranial electrical stimulation to the location of the neurological event to beneficially modify brain electrical patterns. The disclosed methods may be useful in the detection, prevention, and/or treatment of a variety of indications, such as epilepsy, Parkinson's Disease, Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, bipolar disorder, phobia, schizophrenia, multiple personality disorder, migraine or headache, concussion, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, eating disorder, substance abuse, and anxiety. The disclosed methods may also be used in combination with other peripheral stimulation techniques.
US08190247B2	Device, method and computer-readable storage medium for detecting and classifying of cardiac events Method for detecting cardiac events, e.g., Atrial Fibrillation (AF) or termination of AF. Based on analysis of the instability observed in heart rate, caused by irregular conduction from the atrium during AF. Change in heart interval is monitored on beat-to-beat basis to recognize instability that indicates presence of AF or Atrial Flutter. A packet of a number of consecutive intervals is evaluated, whether the length of an interval is stable compared with the length of the preceding interval, or whether the length of the subsequent interval has changed. After detection of an instability, instability counter is incremented. The result of the stability test for a packet of intervals is represented by the value of the instability counter. Depending upon whether or not an AF already declared, (indicated by AF status flag), different “X-out-of-Y” criterion are applied. AF status flag set/cleared when declaring AF/termination of AF.
US08190242B2	Portable laser synthesizer for high-speed multi-dimensional spectroscopy Portable, field-deployable laser synthesizer devices designed for multi-dimensional spectrometry and time-resolved and/or hyperspectral imaging include a coherent light source which simultaneously produces a very broad, energetic, discrete spectrum spanning through or within the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared wavelengths. The light output is spectrally resolved and each wavelength is delayed with respect to each other. A probe enables light delivery to a target. For multidimensional spectroscopy applications, the probe can collect the resulting emission and deliver this radiation to a time gated spectrometer for temporal and spectral analysis.
US08190241B2	Fluorescence-mediated molecular tomography This invention relates to a fluorescence-mediated molecular tomographic imaging system, designed to detect near-infrared fluorescence activation in deep tissues. The system can use targeted fluorescent molecular probes or highly sensitive activatable fluorescence molecular probes. Such probes add molecular specificity and yield high fluorescence contrast, to allow early detection and molecular target assessment of diseased tissue, such as cancers, in vivo. The new tomographic imaging system enables three-dimensional localization in deep tissues and quantitation of molecular probes.
US08190239B2	Individual identification device In order to provide an individual identification device for enabling good blood-vessel imaging even in a noncontact way and using an identifying method suitable for noncontact imaging, the device comprises an imaging device for imaging blood vessels of a hand of the user in a noncontact way including a position/direction/shape instructing unit for instructing the user to hold up his hand, one or more irradiating units for irradiating the hand with near infrared radiation, and one or more imaging units for producing an image by near infrared radiation; a blood-vessel image extracting unit for extracting the blood-vessel image from the produced image; a blood-vessel image storage unit for storing the hand blood-vessel image of each user; and an identifying unit for identifying the user by comparing the extracted blood-vessel image with the registered blood-vessel image.
US08190238B2	Robotic catheter system and methods A method for performing an interventional procedure using a robotically controlled guide instrument coupled to an instrument drive assembly, includes manipulating a user interface of a master controller to actuate the drive assembly and thereby position a distal portion of the guide instrument at an interventional procedure site in a patient's body; and providing on a first display a graphically rendered image of the distal portion of the guide instrument overlaying an image of the interventional procedure site, wherein manipulation of the user interface causes a corresponding movement of the instrument model relative to the image in the first display.
US08190234B2	Movable patient support with spatial locating feature A magnetic resonance imaging system having a patient support arranged for pivoting movement about a pivot axis and linear or sliding motion along a support axis transverse to the pivot axis is provided with a device for measuring the location of a patient feature to be imaged. The measured location is used to define coordinates for positioning the patient support. These coordinates desirably are used to automatically move the patient support from a loading position to an imaging position where the feature will be properly aligned with the field axis of the imaging magnet. The system simplifies patient positioning.
US08190228B2	Doppler velocimetry of retinal vessels and application to retinal vessel oximetry A new model based on ray tracing is developed to estimate power spectral properties in laser Doppler velocimetry of retinal vessels and to predict the effects of laser beam size and eccentricity as well as absorption of laser light by oxygenated and reduced hemoglobin. There is described the model and show that it correctly converges to the traditional rectangular shape of the Doppler shift power spectrum, given the same assumptions, and that reduced beam size and eccentric alignment cause marked alterations in this shape. The changes in the detected total power of the Doppler-shifted light due to light scattering and absorption by blood can also be quantified with this model and may be used to determine the oxygen saturation in retinal arteries and veins. The potential of this approach is that it uses direct measurements of Doppler signals originating only from moving red blood cells. The invention opens new avenues for retinal vessel oximetry.
US08190227B2	Signal processing apparatus and method A method and an apparatus to analyze two measured signals that are modeled as containing desired and undesired portions such as noise, FM and AM modulation. Coefficients relate the two signals according to a model defined in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment, a transformation is used to evaluate a ratio of the two measured signals in order to find appropriate coefficients. The measured signals are then fed into a signal scrubber which uses the coefficients to remove the unwanted portions. The signal scrubbing is performed in either the time domain or in the frequency domain. The method and apparatus are particularly advantageous to blood oximetry and pulserate measurements. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by applying a set of rules to a spectral transform of the scrubbed signal. In another embodiment, an estimate of the pulserate is obtained by transforming the scrubbed signal from a first spectral domain into a second spectral domain. The pulserate is found by identifying the largest spectral peak in the second spectral domain.
US08190225B2	Medical sensor for reducing signal artifacts and technique for using the same A sensor may be adapted to reduce motion artifacts by mitigating the effects of the tissue moving within the sensor. A sensor is provided with an elastic sensor body adapted to accommodate patient motion. Further, a sensor is provided in which the sensor cable is arranged to mitigate its pressure on a patient's tissue.
US08190223B2	Noninvasive multi-parameter patient monitor Embodiments of the present disclosure include a handheld multi-parameter patient monitor capable of determining multiple physiological parameters from the output of a light sensitive detector capable of detecting light attenuated by body tissue. For example, in an embodiment, the monitor is capable of advantageously and accurately displaying one or more of pulse rate, plethysmograph data, perfusion quality, signal confidence, and values of blood constituents in body tissue, including for example, arterial carbon monoxide saturation (“HbCO”), methemoglobin saturation (“HbMet”), total hemoglobin (“Hbt”), arterial oxygen saturation (“SpO2”), fractional arterial oxygen saturation (“SpaO2”), or the like. In an embodiment, the monitor advantageously includes a plurality of display modes enabling more parameter data to be displayed than the available physical display real estate.
US08190222B2	Housing for electronic device A housing for an electronic device includes a main body and an outer cover. The main body is made of rigid materials. The outer cover is made of soft materials. The main body defines a plurality of positioning cutouts. A plurality of engaging hooks are formed on the outer cover. The engaging hooks engage the positioning cutouts of the main body.
US08190221B2	Wirelessly accessing broadband services using intelligent covers The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for wirelessly accessing broadband services using intelligent covers. In some implementations, a cover for a consumer device includes side surfaces, a rear surface, a physical interface, a circuit, and a broadband service card. The side surfaces and a rear surface form an opening that receives at least a portion of a consumer device. A first portion of at least one of the surfaces includes a connector for connecting to a port of the consumer device. The circuit connects the physical interface to the connector. The broadband service card connected to the physical interface and accesses a service foreign through the wireless broadband network independent of the consumer device.
US08190219B2	Sliding-tilt unit and mobile device using the same A mobile device including a first body and a second body slidably and tiltably coupled. The second body can be arranged to a first location, at which the second body overlaps the first body, and a second location, at which the second body is tilted with respect to the first body after having been fully slid from the first location. Accordingly, the mobile device may improve portability and convenience in use.
US08190212B2	User-selectable headset equalizer for voice calls A method of providing a user interface on a mobile device for enabling a user to select acoustic equalizer settings for voice call downlink audio signals, the mobile device including an internal microprocessor, a display in communication with the microprocessor, and at least one input means in communication with the microprocessor, the method including receiving a request from the user for displaying the user interface, in response to the request, displaying the user interface on the display, the user interface including a plurality of predetermined acoustic equalizer settings, wherein the user selects one of the equalizer settings using the input means, receiving the selected equalizer setting at the microprocessor, storing the selected equalizer setting at the microprocessor, and processing the voice call downlink audio signals according to the selected equalizer setting.
US08190210B2	Telecommunications obelisk with cellular network colocation A telecommunications tower is formed as an obelisk and permits collocation of multiple telecommunications network carriers. The tower includes a façade shaped like an obelisk over a frame structure and is designed to blend with the surrounding architecture and landscape. The obelisk façade disguises the internal support frame structure and antenna arrays within the tower. The obelisk and support frame are constructed above a base structure. The base structure may include multiple levels or rooms. Each level may permit storage of cellular communications equipment. The design features of the tower permit collocation of multiple carriers within a common tower.
US08190204B2	Digital, wireless PC/PCS modem A digital, wireless PC/PCS modem is disclosed for incorporation with personal home computers, laptop units, hand-held computer units, and cellular phones for providing wireless communication via satellite transmission. The invention is a device that combines a personal computer (PC) modem with a satellite link and relay system for computers. This will allow the user to establish a communications link with Internet™ access, access to direct dial telephones, faxing on demand, hyperterminal access for remote computer link-up, video, and voice applications. Utilizing existing software and hardware, this invention uses digital satellite technology and combines it with a PC modem for access to various communication links including phone links, without a phone line. In order to accomplish this, the laptop has a type II PCMCIA card slot for receiving the PC modem. An antenna is attached to the plug-in cellular phone card for the modem using a swivel joint assembly.
US08190201B2	Verifying and identifying incoming PBX calls on mobile devices Aspects relate to provision of enterprise call capabilities to mobile devices. For example, a mobile device can indicate, over a data channel, that a PBX is to make a call on its behalf to a called party. The PBX can call back the mobile device, call the called party, and bridge those call legs to establish the call. The mobile device can employ mechanisms that a particular incoming call is made by the PBX. These mechanisms can include using ANI information, sending, and receiving audible verification codes over the voice channel established after answering the incoming call. The verification codes can be selected based on different behaviors of the mobile devices and the network or networks used by the device(s).
US08190200B2	System and method for automatically scheduling radios on a mobile device Systems and methods are disclosed for automatically powering on and off one or more radios in a mobile device according to a schedule generated automatically for each of the one or more radios. To generate the schedules, each of the one or more radios are powered on for a designated period of time. During the designated period of time, information is recorded specifying the availability of network coverage for each of the radios. A schedule for each of the radios is then generated according to this information. Each radio is subsequently automatically powered on and off according its schedule.
US08190193B2	Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, 3G quadrature and non-quadrature modulation methods The problem of simpler more efficient multimode wireless communication and of location finding in distinct cellular systems and wireless networks is solved by the current multimode wireless invention, having touch screen operation and touch screen generated control and having parts of Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi), third generation (3G) and Global Positioning System (GPS) in a single device, instead of separate devices. A received GPS signal is processed with a Bluetooth signal, or with processed Wi-Fi signal, or with a processed 3G signal and is provided to a transmitter for transmission. Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum (FH-SS) signal is processed with a frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signal and or with time division multiple access (TDMA) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) signals. Filtered and shaped cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals are generated. TDMA systems include Global Mobile System (GSM) implementations. Processing and providing processed position finder signal received from at least one satellite transmitter and from at least one land based transmitter. Demodulating and processing of a modulated transmitted signal, with demodulation and post demodulation filtering by a filter which is mis-matched to the corresponding transmit filter.
US08190191B2	Mobility middleware architecture for multiple radio access technology apparatus A multiple radio access technology (RAT) apparatus with mobility middleware provides a user with access to various RAT networks, such as a frequency division duplex (FDD) network and a wireless local area network (WLAN). In one embodiment, the apparatus is a dual mode FDD/WLAN converged wireless communication handset which includes a terminal equipment (TE) module having mobility middleware, an applications and protocols processor and a terminal interface (TI). The dual mode FDD/WLAN converged wireless communication handset further includes a user services identity module (USIM), a mobile termination (MT) module and a protocol stack which interface with the mobility middleware via a plurality of links. In another embodiment, the multi-RAT apparatus is terminal equipment which includes a mobility middleware core module, a mobility middleware communication module, a driver and an insertably removable wireless communication device for providing a multiple radio transport medium to applications running in the terminal equipment.
US08190190B2	Fast adaptive power control for a variable multirate communications system A system and a method of controlling transmitter power in a wireless communication system in which user data is processed as a multirate signal in which the user data signal having a first rate is converted into a transmission data signal having a faster second rate for transmission. The transmission power is adjusted on a relatively slow basis based on quality of data received by a receiver of the transmitted data. The transmitter power is determined as a function of the first and second rates such that a change in the data rate in the multiple channels or the rate of the transmission data signal is compensated in advance of a quality of data based adjustment associated with such data rate change. Preferably, the user data signal having the first rate is converted into the transmission data signal having the second faster rate by repeating selected data bits whereby the energy per bit to noise spectrum density ratio is increased in the transmission data signal.
US08190182B2	Instant messaging system and method Methods and apparatuses for processing an instant message from a source wireless communication device to a destination device are described herein. In one aspect of the invention, an exemplary method includes receiving the instant message from the source wireless communication device, the instant message having a source wireless communication identifier, a destination instant messenger identifier, and data contents; extracting the source wireless communication identifier, the destination instant messenger identifier and the data contents from the instant message; retrieving a source instant messenger identifier corresponding to the source wireless communication identifier; binding the source instant messenger identifier with the source wireless communication identifier; and transmitting the data contents with the source instant messenger identifier to the destination device over a communication network, based on the destination instant messenger identifier. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.
US08190180B2	Mobile information providing and transaction system A method and a system (200) for providing specific information on demand to at least one requester on a mobile messaging network are disclosed. The method and system involve the steps of receiving a query from the at least one requester and extracting at least one search character from the query. The method and system (200) also involve providing at least one database (212) containing at least one heading (214), wherein each of the at least one heading (214) is associated with at least one field (216) while each of the at least one field (216) is associated with at least one entry (218). The method and system (200) further involve matching each of the at least one search character with the at least one heading (214), the at least one field (216) and the at least on entry (218) to thereby associate one of the at least one entry (218) with the query. The method and system (200) finally involve retrieving the one of the at least one entry from the at least one database (212).
US08190178B2	Cellular phone and mobile switching controller In a case where a cellular phone exists outside a WOS system service area, the cellular phone receives a not-connectable signal and an audio message from a mobile switching controller. The cellular phone conducts disconnection processing with the not-connectable signal as a turning point. Moreover, the cellular phone stores an extension number and converts a dedicated special number into an external number for retransmission, thus establishing connection to a PBX. After the reception of a connection-accepted signal and an automatic exchange answer message from the PBX, the cellular phone automatically transmits the stored extension number.
US08190176B2	Motion adaptive communications device and integrated circuits for use therewith A circuit includes a package substrate that supports an on-chip gyrating circuit that generates a motion parameter based on motion of the circuit. The package substrate further supports a die that supports a processing module that processes the motion parameter to produce motion data, wherein the processing module further generates a receive control signal and a transmit control signal in accordance with the motion data. The die further supports a wireless local area network transceiver that generates an outbound RF signal that includes outbound data and that generates voice inbound data from an inbound RF signal, wherein the wireless local area network transceiver is further operable to adjust a receive parameter based on the receive control signal and to adjust a transmit parameter in response to the transmit control signal.
US08190175B2	Closest user terminal search method for a telecommunication network and service node applying such a method Service node for a telecommunication network and method for determining a group of n user terminals which are closest to a point of interest. First, a search range with an upper limit is set. Then in an iterative manner, a current search cell of the set of cells is determined and the search cell is queried for user data. The user terminals are added to a set of found user terminals, and if the set of found user terminals comprises n or more user terminals, the upper limit of the search range is adjusted to the nth lowest distance. This is repeated until no further possible cell can be determined. The set of criteria can be set and matched with obtained user data to find a closest user terminal having a specific role.
US08190173B2	Computerized mine production system The system contains a central computer unit having a first database controlled by a first logic unit. At least one mobile computer unit is joined with the mobile equipment. Each of the mobile computer units has a second database controlled by a second logic unit. At least one wireless communication device enables communication between said first logic unit and said second logic unit, wherein said mobile computer unit is operable independent of the first logic unit.
US08190167B2	Wireless device channel selection using dynamic channel allocation Embodiments of methods and apparatus for dynamic channel allocation are disclosed. In various embodiments, an access point (AP) of an infrastructure based wireless network may allocate one or more wireless channels to wireless devices of a non-infrastructure based wireless network. The allocated channels may be selected to reduce a likelihood of communications among the devices of the non-infrastructure based wireless network interfering with communications among the devices of the infrastructure based wireless network. Additional variants and embodiments may also be disclosed and claimed.
US08190166B2	Method for determining paging time slot during base station executing non-trunking service in CDMA trunking system A method for determining a paging time slot during a base station executing non-trunking service in a CDMA trunking system is provided. The method comprises: when a base station can determine that a mobile station operates in a slotted mode and can determine a preferred slot cycle index of the mobile station, the smaller value of the preferred slot cycle index and a max slot cycle index is selected as a first slot cycle index and the base station pages the mobile station with a slot cycle determined by the first slot cycle index; and when the base station can not determine whether the mobile station operates in the slotted mode or not, or can not determine the slot cycle index of the mobile station, the smaller value of the preferred slot cycle index of the mobile station and 1 is selected as a second slot cycle index, and the base station pages the mobile station with the slot cycle determined by the second slot cycle index. The technical scheme provided in the present invention can improve the access speed of the mobile station after power-on.
US08190162B2	Radar detection circuit for a WLAN transceiver A single chip radio transceiver includes circuitry that enables detection of radar signals to enable the radio transceiver to halt communications in overlapping communication bands to avoid interference with the radar transmitting the radar pulses. The radio transceiver is operable to evaluate a number of most and second most common pulse interval values to determine whether a traditional radar signal is present. The radio transceiver also is operable to FM demodulate and incoming signal to determine whether a non-traditional radar signal such as a bin-5 radar signal is present. After FM demodulation, the signal is averaged wherein a substantially large value is produced for non-traditional radar signals and a value approximately equal to zero is produced for a communication signal that is not FM modulated with a continuously increasing frequency signal. Gain control is used to limit incoming signal magnitude to a specified range of magnitudes.
US08190148B1	Method and apparatus for VoIP roaming A method and apparatus for transferring a user data profile from a user's home terminal to a visiting terminal is disclosed. User or network configuration settings are transferred from a home telephony adapter to a visiting telephony adapter. In accordance with one embodiment, a computer readable medium, such as a flash drive is inserted into the home telephony adapter and, either with or without authentication, user or network configuration settings are transferred from the home telephony adapter to the medium. In another embodiment, the medium is then inserted into the visiting telephony adapter.
US08190144B2	Effective system information reception method Disclosed is the method for informing, by a wireless communication system, to a terminal about information required for reception when the terminal is connected to the wireless communication system, in which a base station updates system information according to a preset period, and the terminal efficiently receives or checks any update of the system information based on the period.
US08190143B1	TV internet and cellular mobile communication Methods, systems and devices for receiving in a television (TV) set wireless OFDM modulated, infrared (IR) and wire connected cable provided signals from a mobile devices and from a cellular phone. Transmitting from a TV set by a wireless and by a cable connected transmitter of the TV set a video signal or music signal received in the TV set from the internet or from a video broadcast transmitter, to a mobile device. Generating and providing a camera generated and a motion detector signal in a mobile device to a TV set for control of interactive communications between a TV set and a mobile device.
US08190140B1	System and method for restoring information to a device A method, system, and medium are provided for capturing an image of information on a device. The information is stored on the device. The device is reset, and information from the captured image is restored on the device.
US08190138B2	Mobile communication terminal to identify and report undesirable content Mobile phone 300 is registered with various types of specific keywords. When receiving an e-mail from an external terminal, mobile phone 300 determines whether the e-mail contains a specific keyword. When it is determined that the e-mail contains the specific keyword, mobile phone 300 generates log data containing the specific keyword. Mobile phone 300 then transmits the generated log data to a predetermined transmission destination (such as communication management server 700).
US08190132B2	Number to a name Embodiments disclosed may include a mobile terminal for communication in a wireless communication network comprising a transmitter for transmitting a contact message, a user interface for entering contact information sent in the contact message, a processing unit for executing commands entered by means of the user interface and a visual presentation unit for displaying the user interface and contact message to be transmitted. The user interface is adapted for providing means for adding to the contact message a selectable contact identifier which represents a contact and wherein the processing unit is adapted for associating the selectable contact identifier with a contact number. Also, embodiments disclosed include a method and computer program as well as a signal in a wireless communication network operating along the lines outlined for the mobile terminal.
US08190131B2	System and method for providing message notification A method for providing message notification in a wireless network includes receiving from a subscriber a message that is to be sent over the wireless network, receiving from the subscriber a requested notification type and a requested notification destination, processing the requested notification type and the requested notification destination, and sending the requested notification type to the requested notification destination.
US08190130B2	Method and system for notifying a subscriber of events The present invention provides a system and method for notifying a subscriber of events. A subscriber event request is received at a call center. An event activation table is created based on the received subscriber event request. The event activation table is sent to an event table storage system. A subscriber notification is sent from the event table storage system in accordance with the event activation table. A computer usable medium with suitable computer program code is employed for notifying a subscriber of events.
US08190128B1	Covert and non-covert mode communication A method and system are described for operating a source communication device. The source communication device receives a first request from a user through a user interface requesting a first communication session with a target communication device. The source communication device transfers a first signal to a network requesting the first communication session with the target communication device, wherein the target communication device provides an overt communication alert for the first communication session. The source communication device receives a second request from the user requesting a second communication session requesting that the target communication device provide a covert communication alert for the second communication session. The source communication device transfers a second signal to the network requesting the second communication session with the target communication device and indicating the request for the covert communication alert, wherein the target communication device provides the covert communication alert for the second communication session.
US08190122B1	Method and system for managing mobile telephone numbers and mobile telephone subscribers' data without geography-based restriction A system manages subscribers' data of mobile telephones in a wireless network. A plurality of data servers are located according to geographic service areas, and each of the data servers may store subscribers' data of mobile telephones based on the respective geographic area. Location of subscribers' data is determined depending upon subscribers' ID, to which two or more Mobile telephone Numbers (MTNs) are assigned. Two or more MTNs may have different area codes for which subscribers' data are stored in at least two or more of the data servers. A terminal receives a request of subscriber's data of a first Mobile telephone Number (MTN) and retrieves a subscriber's ID corresponding to the first MTN from an Electronic Telephone Number Inventory (eTNI) database. A router determines a first data server corresponding to the retrieved subscriber's ID and routes the request to the first data server.
US08190118B2	Integration of emergency alert information A subscriber of the Emergency Alert System (EAS) receiving an EAS alert message can obtain additional multimedia information in based upon the location of the subscriber. The additional multimedia information can include information pertaining to available shelter, medical facilities, the location of emergency supplies, a plume map, evacuation routes, or the like. In an example embodiment, the Global Positioning System or other device location systems is utilized to determine the location of the subscriber. The location information along with EAS alert information is used to query a database to obtain the additional information.
US08190117B2	Mixer circuit and radio communication device using the same A mixer circuit includes a voltage-to-current converter which converts a positive phase input voltage signal and a reversed phase input voltage signal input to a first input terminal and a second input terminal into a positive phase current signal and a reversed phase current signal, a switching circuit switches over the positive phase current signal and the reversed phase current signal according to a positive phase local signal and a reversed phase local signal, and generates a positive phase output current signal and a reversed phase output current signal, and an impedance element connected between the first common terminal and the second common terminal, having a relatively high impedance to a differential-mode signal between the positive phase current signal and the reversed phase current signal, and having a relatively low impedance to a common-mode signal between the positive phase current signal and the reversed phase current signal.
US08190116B2	Methods and systems for down-converting a signal using a complementary transistor structure Methods, systems, and apparatuses for down-converting an electromagnetic (EM) signal by aliasing the EM signal are described herein. Briefly stated, such methods, systems, and apparatuses operate by receiving an EM signal and an aliasing signal having an aliasing rate. The EM signal is aliased according to the aliasing signal to down-convert the EM signal. The term aliasing, as used herein, refers to both down-converting an EM signal by under-sampling the EM signal at an aliasing rate, and down-converting an EM signal by transferring energy from the EM signal at the aliasing rate. In an embodiment, the EM signal is down-converted to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal. In another embodiment, the EM signal is down-converted to a demodulated baseband information signal. In another embodiment, the EM signal is a frequency modulated (FM) signal, which is down-converted to a non-FM signal, such as a phase modulated (PM) signal or an amplitude modulated (AM) signal.
US08190106B2	Base station control apparatus and base station control method There is provided a base station control apparatus and a base station control method in which a frame is segmented in a situation in which interference may occur. A BS controller divides and controls a base station into three sectors and controls communications with terminal stations (TSs). A control unit determines whether or not the TS is in at least any of a state in which the TS is interfered within a certain sector by any other sector and a state in which the TS is located in a boundary between a plurality of sectors, and segments a communication frame for a TS which is determined as being in at least any of a state in which the TS is interfered within a certain sector by any other sector and a state in which the TS is located in a boundary between a plurality of sectors.
US08190105B2	Modulation mode switching type communication device and modulation mode switching method To adaptively switch a modulation mode according to an operation form of quality-priority and capacity-priority in a multi-value applicable radio device having an active/standby configuration. The comparison unit 28a compares a reception monitoring signal c1 of an active transmission line with a lower-limit threshold LS and an upper-limit threshold HS, while the comparison unit 28b compares a reception monitoring signal c2 of a standby transmission line with the lower-limit threshold and the upper-limit threshold. Then, they output their respective results to a determination unit 28c. The determination unit 28c has therein a low-level flag and a high-level flag that are set/reset based on comparison results in the comparison units 28a and 28b. Conditions for the set/reset are different depending on the operation form. The determination unit 28c determines a modulation mode based on comparison results in the comparison units 28a and 28b and the states of the low-level flags and high-level flags, and outputs modulation mode switching control information e1 and e2.
US08190097B2	Systems, methods, and computer program products for determining performance of portable electronic devices A link performance analysis (LPA) system is provided for multi-path radio frequency (RF) testing. The LPA system includes a shielded chamber and an antenna positioned in the chamber. A rotating turntable is positioned in the chamber and spaced apart from the antenna. A rotating screen is positioned in the chamber between the antenna and the rotating turntable. A plurality of stationary screens are spaced apart from and surrounding the rotating turntable. Related methods and computer program products are also provided.
US08190092B1	Selecting modulation and coding scheme in the presence of interference A wireless device comprises an interference sensing module, a modulation and coding schemes (MCS) selection module, and a transmit module. The interference sensing module selectively receives an interference signal over a channel. The interference signal is modulated using P MCSs, where P is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The MCS selection module selects an MCS based on the P MCSs. The transmit module transmits a transmit signal over the channel using the MCS.
US08190090B2	Method of authenticating an article using microradios A microradio is provided with a hysteretic switch to permit an optimum range increasing charging cycle, with the charging cycle being long relative to the transmit cycle. Secondly, an ensemble of microradios permits an n2 power enhancement to increase range with coherent operation. Various multi-frequency techniques are used both for parasitic powering and to isolate powering and transmit cycles. Applications for microradios and specifically for ensembles of microradios include authentication, tracking, fluid flow sensing, identification, terrain surveillance including crop health sensing and detection of improvised explosive devices, biohazard and containment breach detection, and biomedical applications including the use of microradios attached to molecular tags to destroy tagged cells when the microradios are activated. Microradio deployment includes the use of paints or other coatings containing microradios, greases and aerosols. Moreover, specialized antennas, including microcoils, mini dipoles, and staircase coiled structures are disclosed, with the use of nano-devices further reducing the size of the microradios.
US08190089B2	Bluetooth unit of mounting type A mounting type Bluetooth unit is provided, which can lengthen the life span of a battery. The mounting type Bluetooth unit is fixedly installed in the interior of a vehicle and is provided with a casing body that packages a circuit board having a controller with control logic for performing Bluetooth communication with a Bluetooth device of a portable phone. The controller further includes a human body sensor as a control switch of operation logic. Also, the controller further includes a logic for sensing a driver's getting into/out of the vehicle in accordance with existence/nonexistence of a sensing signal of the human body sensor and controlling the operation of the Bluetooth unit in a sleep/awake or power-on/off state to cancel pairing with the Bluetooth device in a non-use state.
US08190088B1	Optimally controlling short-range wireless communication on mobile communication devices The short-range wireless communication on a mobile communication device is optimized to balance between preserving battery power and processing urgent data without delay. A wireless access schedule identifying time periods during which the mobile communication device is assumed to have access to short-range wireless communication is created or provided. Data to be transmitted or received by the mobile communication device is classified as being urgent or non-urgent. When data is to be transmitted or received by the mobile communication device, the transmission or receipt of the data is managed according to 1) whether or not the data is urgent, and 2) whether the current time is within a time period during which the mobile communication device is assumed to have access to short-range wireless communication.
US08190086B2	Transmission method, interface circuit, semiconductor device, semiconductor package, semiconductor module and memory module An interface circuit, which uses electromagnetic induction to perform a signal transmission, comprises a transmission coil and a transmission circuit that provides a signal to the transmission coil, thereby causing the transmission coil to output a triangular or roughly triangular magnetic field signal.
US08190075B2	Endless metallic belt, electrophotographic endless belt, fixing assembly, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus An electrophotographic endless metallic belt is provided with improved crack resistance to repeated bending and rubbing against a control member coming into contact therewith, thereby improving its durability. Each edge face of the metallic belt is so shaped as to have a ridge between an outer-surface edge and an inner-surface edge of the metallic belt. As a result, internal stress in the part of the belt that contacts the control member, as a result of contact therewith, is reduced.
US08190071B2	Developing device forming toner layer by magnetic brush and image forming apparatus using same The surface of a developing roller is coated with a phenol resin layer at a higher level in triboelectric series than a toner. A positively charged toner supplied from a magnetic roller onto the developing roller is negatively charged by friction with the phenol resin layer at the higher level in the triboelectric series. As a result, the positive charge of the toner is cancelled out, and the charge amount of toner per unit weight on the developing roller (Q/M)s decreases. Applying this principle, relationship between (Q/M)s and the charge amount of toner per unit weight on the magnetic roller (Q/M)m satisfies (Q/M)s<(Q/M)m.
US08190069B2	Visible image forming device and image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a developing device, a developer container and a hole connection member. The developing device is provided so as to be movable in a direction in which it comes close to and goes away from the image carrier. And, the developing device develops a latent image formed on the surface of the image carrier into a visible image. The hole connection member is supported so as to be movable relative to an inlet of the developing device in the movable direction of the developing device and connects the inlet and an outlet of the developer container.
US08190068B2	Developer supply container with mounting attitude regulation and drive receiving member rotation suppression features A developer supply container is detachably mountable to a developer receiving apparatus, which includes a driving gear. The container includes a developer containing portion; a rotatable discharging member provided in the containing portion to discharge the developer when the container is positioned at a developer discharging position; and a drive receiving member engageable with the driving gear for rotating the discharging member; a regulating portion for regulating a mounting attitude of the container relative to the apparatus so as to prevent an engagement between the drive receiving member and the driving gear, and thereafter the drive receiving member is revolvable in a setting direction to a set position where the drive receiving member is engageable with the driving gear. The drive receiving member is loaded to retard the rotation thereof so as to rotate the container from the set position to the developer discharging position in the setting direction by a rotational force received by the drive receiving member from the driving gear.
US08190066B2	Developing unit A developing unit includes a developer cartridge having an outside frame and an inside frame that has a first opening. The first opening is movable between a first opening position where the first opening is opened and a first closing position where the first opening is closed by the outside frame. The developing unit further includes a first seal disposed around the first opening on the inside frame, a housing that includes a cartridge holding part for holding the developer cartridge and is capable of holding a developer holding member, and a capturing member which is provided on the cartridge holding part. The capturing member has a developer capturing force greater than that of the first seal, and is slide contactable with the first seal when the inside frame moves from the first opening position to the first closing position.
US08190065B2	Developing device and image forming apparatus A developing device and an image forming apparatus capable of carrying out image formation for a long period by making fluctuations in toner concentration and volume level of the developer inside a trickle developing device that uses a two-component developer as small as possible. The developing device, containing a developer and a developer holder, includes a developer replenishing tank; a toner concentration detecting sensor, a trickle discharging mechanism, developer amount detecting member, and control unit for controlling the replenishment operation of replenishment toner and carrier at the time when the toner concentration is lower than a predetermined reference toner concentration, wherein the control unit carries out forced consumption operation for the toner inside the developer tank and replenishment operation for the replenishment toner and carrier in the case that the amount of the developer-tank-contained developer inside the developer tank is judged to be low using the developer amount detecting member.
US08190060B2	Fixing device, image forming apparatus, and method of manufacturing toner for image forming apparatus In a fixing device, a first fixing member and a second fixing member nip a recording medium so as to fix a toner image on the recording medium by applying heat and pressure to the recording medium. A pressure application lever presses the second fixing member toward the first fixing member. A pressure release lever supported by the pressure application lever supports a lock member. An elastic member pulls the lock member in a lock direction. The pressure release lever moves the lock member between a pressure application position, at which the lock member causes the pressure application lever to press the second fixing member toward the first fixing member so as to apply tension to the second fixing member, and a pressure release position, at which the second fixing member separates from the first fixing member so as to release tension applied to the second fixing member.
US08190057B2	Image forming apparatus having a main assembly, a cartridge detachably mountable to the main assembly, and a fixing unit detachably mountable to the main assembly An image forming apparatus includes a main assembly; a cartridge detachably mountable to the main assembly; a fixing unit detachably mountable to the main assembly; and an opening of the main assembly. When the fixing unit and the cartridge are mounted/demounted, the fixing unit passes through the opening, and the cartridge passes through a space in which the fixing unit is to be mounted and passes through the opening. When the fixing unit and the cartridge at the time of passing through the opening are projected onto a surface perpendicular to the mounting and demounting direction, a contour of a projected area of the cartridge is at least partly inside a contour of a projected area of the fixing device, and the cartridge passes through the inside of the contour of the projected area of the fixing device when passes through the opening.
US08190056B2	Method of replacing and/or remanufacturing an organic photo conductor drum for an image forming apparatus Method of replacing an organic photo conductor (OPC) drum of an image forming apparatus, the image forming apparatus having a support carriage arranged to axially support the OPC drum at a first end and a second end. The method includes removing the OPC drum from the support carriage and procuring a replacement OPC drum having a first axial flange/endpin and a second axial flange/endpin. The first axial flange is inserted into the first end of the support carriage and the second end of the support carriage is elastically deformed. Then, the second axial flange is inserted into the second end of the support carriage, and a force is exerted against the second axial flange until the second end of the support carriage returns to an un-deformed state.
US08190053B2	Image forming apparatus with cleaning device that does not cause excessive cutting and cleaning method In an image forming apparatus including a cleaning device having a cleaning blade arranged so as to make contact with and separate from a cleaned surface, an occurrence of excessive cutting when the cleaning blade makes contact with the cleaned surface is prevented. The image forming apparatus includes the cleaning blade for making contact with and separating from the cleaned surface and scraping off toner adhered onto the cleaned surface and a regulation member for regulating a movement of the cleaning blade in a direction of contact with the cleaned surface by a regulation member using a regulating force, the regulating force larger than the pressing force.
US08190052B2	Intermediate transfer body and image forming apparatus An intermediate transfer body is provided. An intermediate transfer body includes an intermediate transfer belt and a belt cleaning section including a cleaning blade. A plurality of projecting portions extending so as to have a predetermined angle with respect to a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt are provided on a surface of an elastic layer of the intermediate transfer belt. The cleaning blade is formed such that a width W1 of one end in a lateral direction thereof is longer than a width W2 of the elastic layer in a width direction of the intermediate transfer belt.
US08190051B2	Cleaning device for intermediate transferring member and image-forming apparatus equipped with the same A cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member, comprising: a first cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with a surface of the intermediate transferring member; a first bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage to the first cleaning roller; a second cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with the surface of the intermediate transferring member on a downstream side from the first cleaning roller in a surface-moving direction of the intermediate transferring member; and a second bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage having a polarity different from that of the bias voltage applied by the first bias-applying device to the second cleaning roller, wherein the first cleaning roller is a brush roller, and the second cleaning roller is a foam roller having a foam layer on a surface thereof, with a cell wall face in the foam layer having an opening ratio in a range of 3% or more to 50% or less, and an image-forming apparatus equipped with said cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member.
US08190047B2	Image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus comprises a fixing part for fixing a toner image on a transfer material to the transfer material, a conveying part provided on the downstream side of the fixing part, a correcting member provided in a conveyance path leading from the fixing part to the conveying part, for correcting a curl of the transfer material, and a control part for controlling an upstream-side conveyance speed which is a conveyance speed at which the fixing part provided on the upstream side of the correcting member conveys the transfer material and a downstream-side conveyance speed which is a conveyance speed at which the conveying part provided on the downstream side of the correcting member conveys the transfer material. In printing of a first surface in a double-sided printing mode, the control part sets the downstream-side conveyance speed to be larger than the upstream-side conveyance speed. In printing of a second surface in the double-sided printing mode, the control part sets the upstream-side conveyance speed and the downstream-side conveyance speed so that a difference between the upstream-side conveyance speed and the downstream-side conveyance speed is smaller than a difference between the upstream-side conveyance speed and the downstream-side conveyance speed in printing of the first surface.
US08190045B2	Developing device and image forming apparatus A developing including a developer replenishing tank for replenishing a replenishment developer to a developer tank; a toner concentration detecting sensor; a discharging mechanism for discharging an excessive amount of the developer-tank-contained developer outside the developer tank when the amount of the developer-tank-contained developer inside the developer tank exceeds a predetermined amount; and control unit having a memory for storing the current toner concentration inside the developer tank, the reference toner concentration inside the developer tank, a corrected reference toner concentration calculated according to the formula of (the current toner concentration —a correction value), a predetermined replenishment amount to the developer tank and an allowable value for the current toner concentration with respect to the reference toner concentration, and a computer for calculating the corrected reference toner concentration and comparing the current toner concentration with the reference toner concentration and the corrected reference toner concentration.
US08190044B2	Image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic latent image; a developing device including a developer carrying member for carrying a developer and developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member, and a supplying member for contacting to the developer carrying member to supply the developer to the developer carrying member; and a control device for controlling Vdr and Vrs such that Vrs relative to Vdr increases in a direction of a polarity which is the same as a polarity of the developer with the decrease of an absolute value S, where S is a difference between a peripheral speed Sopc of a surface of the image bearing member and a peripheral speed Sdr of the surface of the developer carrying member, Vrs is a voltage applied to the supplying member, and Vdr is a voltage applied to the developer carrying member.
US08190041B2	Image forming apparatus In the image forming apparatus, a control unit, upon detecting that an amount of waste toner reaches a predetermined amount by a waste-toner-amount detecting unit, calculates an amount of used toner after detection through a pixel calculating unit and a printed-sheet calculating unit to accumulate the amount of used toner in a storing unit, and outputs a waste-toner-full warning when it is determined that an accumulated amount of used toner reaches a residual filling amount before a full state.
US08190039B2	Image forming apparatus and control system An image forming apparatus includes a replaceable image formation unit. The image forming apparatus includes an input device for inputting a signal representing occurrence of abnormality in one of an output image and the image forming apparatus recognized by an operator, a unit specifying device for specifying an image formation unit to be replaced for resolving the abnormality upon receiving the signal, and a notification device for notifying information related to the replacement unit based on the unit specification result.
US08190038B2	Image formation apparatus capable of reducing the number of output signal lines In the image formation apparatus according to the present invention, a plurality of detection sections outputs binary signals to a detection identification control section, and an image formation control section for control of periphery of the engine of the apparatus outputs a detection section identifying signal and a detection section period signal to the detection identification control section. Also, the detection identification control section outputs a detection result of the detection sections as detection data to a control board. A plurality of driver sections are connected to a driver identification control section via a data line through which driving signals for driving a section to be driven are transmitted. Accordingly, the present invention provides a versatile image formation apparatus with a reduced number of output lines which can deal with a change of image formation system without increasing the number of signal lines.
US08190036B2	Optical signal receiving apparatus and optical signal attenuation controlling method A VOA maximum attenuation control circuit has, in addition to a conventional VOA maximum attenuation control circuit, a first resistor and a second resistor, a transistor which is an emitter follower type PNP transistor, and a capacitor. Since charge of the capacitor is 0 volt at the instant when power of the optical interface unit or each optical interface is shifted from OFF state to ON state, current is supplied to a VOA by the transistor in association with shift to the ON state of the power. As a result, attenuation of the VOA reaches maximum. When the capacitor is gradually charged, base potential of the transistor is finally +5 volts, and current is 0 ampere. Then shifting to maximum attenuation control of the VOA by an operational amplifier is realized.
US08190035B2	Burst mode linear optical receivers Techniques are provided for implementing a burst mode optical receiver capable of maintaining a stable gain profile in response to a burst signal. The optical receiver has a photodiode in balanced circuit configuration with a separate RF amplifier stage connected to each terminal of the photodiode. The two RF amplifier stages are coupled to biasing voltage sources that are inverted in comparison to the terminal connections and that, in some examples, each contain a field effect transistor (FET) that having a gate that is controlled in response to a sensed voltage. The burst mode optical receiver may be used in numerous applications, including optical line terminations (OLTs) in passive optical networks (PONs).
US08190034B2	Optical receiver applicable to GPON system An optical receiver is disclosed, in which no additional photodiode to monitor the optical input level and no temperature control unit are necessary. The receiver of the invention provides an avalanche photodiode (APD) to receiver the first optical signal with the first wavelength and a PIN-PD to receive the second optical signal with the second wavelength. The optical input level for the APD is indirectly determined through the photocurrent generated by the PIN-PD and the bias voltage for the APD is so adjusted that the APD shows an optimum multiplication factor for the optical input level.
US08190031B2	Optical network design apparatus and dispersion compensation design method In an optical network design apparatus, a constraint setter sets a first constraint that one of alternative values given beforehand is selected as the dispersion compensation amount of each node, sets a first margin value that assumes a nonnegative value, sets a second constraint that the first margin value is equal to or greater than the difference between the residual dispersion and the lower bound of an allowable range, sets a second margin value that assumes a nonnegative value, and sets a third constraint that the second margin value is equal to or greater than the difference between the upper bound of the allowable range and the residual dispersion. A calculation controller generates an objective function including the first, second and third constraints and including a summation of the first and second margin values for all paths, and derives a solution that minimizes the objective function.
US08190029B2	Bandwidth allocation method, optical line terminator, optical network unit, communication system, and recording medium recording program of device An object of the present invention is to increase the bandwidth use efficiency without requiring costly and fast integrated circuits or CPUs in the control unit even in a large-scale system with a large number of ONUs. An optical network unit includes an allocating unit that determines bandwidth allocation based on a predetermined allocation condition and a bandwidth transmitting unit that transmits bandwidth allocation information determined by the allocating unit to an optical line terminator. The optical line terminator is connected to a plurality of optical network units and includes a pipeline transmitting unit that transmits bandwidth allocation information transmitted from the optical network units to all optical network units to be allocated with bandwidth.
US08190028B2	Method and apparatus for treating a received signal to present a resulting signal with improved signal accuracy A signal treating apparatus for presenting an output signal representing an input signal over a signal range includes: (a) an input section receiving the input signal and presenting a first filtered signal limited to a first bandwidth at a first circuit locus; the input section presenting a second filtered signal limited to a second bandwidth at a second circuit locus; (b) an amplifying unit receiving the first filtered signal and presenting an increased gain signal at an amplifier output locus; (c) a detector coupled with the amplifier output locus and presenting third bandwidth-limited signal limited to a third bandwidth less than the first bandwidth at a third circuit locus; and (d) a combining section coupled with the second and third circuit loci and presenting a resulting signal related with the second filtered signal and the third filtered signal; said resultant signal being said output signal.
US08190027B2	Multifunctional and reconfigurable optical node and optical network An optical node includes a reconfigurable optical add drop multiplexer (ROADM) core configured to transmit optical signals of multiple wavelengths to and receive optical signals of multiple wavelengths from another optical node. The ROADM core is also configured to add optical signals thereto and to drop optical signals therefrom. The node also includes two different types of add-on devices, each connected to the ROADM core device and configured to process optical signals of multiple wavelengths. As a result, a multifunctional and reconfigurable optical node can be provided.
US08190024B2	Systems and methods for wavelength scanning of in-service wavelength division multiplexing systems A testing input module for testing an in-service WDM system is provided. The testing input module includes a first light source configured to emit a first light signal to one or more empty channels of the in-service WDM system; and a tunable second light source configured to emit a second light signal to test the one or more empty channels. The testing input module also includes a first switch module configured to: receive from the first light source and output the first light signal during a first time interval; and receive from the second light source and output the second light signal during a second time interval. The second time interval is a duration wherein a channel power monitoring function of the in-service WDM system is not triggered.
US08190019B2	Digital camera A digital camera in which a recording portion made up of a microcomputer 110 and a card slot 153 performs predetermined processing on image data generated by a CMOS sensor 130 so that the image data takes on the aspect ratio accepted via an operation portion 140 while in live view mode, or performs predetermined processing on the image data generated by the CMOS sensor 130 so that the image data takes on the aspect ratio of an optical viewfinder while in viewfinder mode. The image data is then stored in a memory card 300. Through this configuration, it is possible to provide a digital camera in which an image of a composition that suits the user's intent can be recorded, as well as in which the image can be recorded having an aspect ratio that the user desires, selected from among a plurality of aspect ratios.
US08190018B2	Image capturing device and activation method therefor An image capturing device includes a first controller operable to control image capturing; an operation section including a switch; a detector operable to detect a change to an image capturing mode and to send a signal representing the change; a second controller operable to monitor and process the sent signal, the second controller having a power consumption less than that of the first controller; and a power supply operable to supply power to the first controller, the second controller, and a functional section of the device. When the second controller receives the signal sent from the detecting section in a power saving state in which power is supplied from the power supply to the second controller, the power saving state is changed to a power supplying state capable of image capturing by supplying power from the power supply to portions of the device including the first controller.
US08190014B2	Focus control circuit for adjusting the focus by moving a lens A focus control circuit is installed in an image pickup apparatus including a lens, a driver element for adjusting the position of the lens, and a position detecting element for detecting the position of the lens. A feedback equalizer included in the focus control circuit generates a drive signal used to adjust the position of the lens to a target position, based on a difference between the position of the lens identified by the output signal of the position detecting element and the target position of the lens set externally, and controls the driver element.
US08190011B2	Zoom lens system, interchangeable lens apparatus and camera system Provided is a zoom lens system including a compact focusing lens unit and having a suppressed change in image magnification at the time of movement of the focusing lens unit. The zoom lens system, in order from an object side to an image side, includes a first lens unit G1 having positive optical power, a second lens unit G2 having negative optical power, a third lens unit G3 having negative optical power and including an aspherical surface, and a fourth lens unit G4. The second lens unit G2 includes at least a lens element having a negative optical power and a lens element having a positive optical power. At the time of zooming, the third lens unit G3 moves in a direction along the optical axis such that an interval between the second lens unit G2 and the third lens unit G3 is made longer at a telephoto limit than the interval at a wide-angle limit. Further, at the time of focusing, the third lens unit G3 moves in the direction along the optical axis such that the interval between the second lens unit G2 and the third lens unit G3 varies.
US08190009B2	Optical apparatus and control method thereof, and image pickup apparatus An optical apparatus capable of detecting an attitude of the apparatus in a state where no interference occurs between apparatus components, thereby preventing an error in the attitude detection. A shift lens drive controller of the optical apparatus detects a shake applied to the apparatus, calculates a movement target position of the shift lens based on a result of the detection, detects an actual position of the shift lens, and performs feedback control such that the actual position of the shift lens is converged to the movement target position. An attitude detector detects the attitude of the optical apparatus by using feedback control information, and an interference prevention controller prevents interference between the shift lens and other members.
US08190003B2	Storage medium storing interactive graphics stream activated in response to user's command, and reproducing apparatus for reproducing from the same A storage medium storing: video data; and graphics data for displaying a menu. The graphics data includes first graphics data displayed on the screen when an activation command is generated by a user and may also include second graphics data displayed on the screen at a designated time.
US08190000B2	Recording apparatus, recording method, and recording program A recording apparatus capable of multiplexing video data and audio data and recording the video data and audio data in multiple record units as one file on a recording medium includes a data receiving unit, a recording instruction receiving unit, a packet generating unit, a recording unit, and a control unit. The control unit controls the packet generating unit and the recording unit so as to record data embedded with padding data in a section from the trailing end of valid data to the trailing end of the block including the trailing end of the valid data at stop of the recording and to record data embedded with the padding data in a section from the trailing end of the block to the trailing end of the packet including the trailing end of the block at restart of the recording after the recording is stopped.
US08189999B2	Method of reproducing a still picture from a recording medium, method of decoding the still picture and the recording medium In one embodiment, the method includes writing, in a data area of the recording medium, a stream including at least one still picture and at least one presentation information. The presentation information includes presentation timing information for the still picture. The embodiment further includes writing, in a navigation area of the recording medium, management information used to reproduce the still picture.
US08189996B2	Program guide system for recording television programs An interactive program guide system is provided. The system facilitates recording of programs selected from the program guide. The system handles the recording and viewing of pay programs, parentally-controlled programs, consecutive programs on different television channels, and programs with and without copy protection. Programs may be recorded using combination television videocassette recorder (TV/VCR) units.
US08189992B2	Recording apparatus optical disk and computer-readable recording medium Total management information includes time zone information (TM_ZONE) indicating a time difference between a world standard time (Greenwich Mean Time) and a standard time in a predetermined location, wherein the data management information includes recording time zone information (REC_TM_ZONE) at a time of recoding the data, indicating a time difference between the world standard time (Greenwich Mean Time) and a standard time in a location where the data has been recorded; and data recording time information (REC_TM) indicating a recording time when the data has been recorded, and wherein the reproduction apparatus further includes a unit for specifying a local time in a location where the data recording time has been recorded, while the data is reproduced, in accordance with the data recording time information (REC_TM), the time zone information (TM_ZONE), and the recording time zone information (REC_TM_ZONE) at the data recording time.
US08189991B2	Recording apparatus optical disk and computer-readable recording medium Data management information includes: recording time zone information (REC_TM_ZONE) at a time of recording data, first data recording time information indicating a recording time of data first recorded on the data group; second data recording time information indicating a recording time of data last recorded on the data group; and a flag indicating whether the recording time zone information (REC_TM_ZONE) at the time of recording the data specifies a time difference from the world standard time (Greenwich Mean Time) at the data recording time; specifying unit specifies the time difference from the world standard time (Greenwich Mean Time) in the location where the data has been recorded, at only a case where the flag indicates that the recording time zone information (REC_TM_ZONE) at the data recording time specifies the time difference from the world standard time (Greenwich Mean Time) in the location where the data has been recorded.
US08189989B2	Playback device for optical recording medium, optical recording medium playback method, and playback program for optical recording medium To play back an optical disk requiring network connection, a playback device is provided, which has a function by which the network condition is evaluated before playing back a title.The playback device plays back the optical disk including programs connecting through the network to data-supplying sources; the playback device determines whether or not the network circuit is available; and when the network connection is not available depending on a network connection status or its memory amount, the playback device plays back with a non-network-ready mode.
US08189978B1	High numerical aperture multimode optical fiber Bend resistant multimode optical fibers are disclosed herein. Multimode optical fibers disclosed herein comprise a core region having a radius greater than 30 microns and a cladding region surrounding and directly adjacent to the core region, the cladding region comprising a depressed-index annular portion comprising a depressed relative refractive index. The fiber has a total outer diameter of less than 120 microns, and exhibits an overfilled bandwidth at 850 nm greater than 500 MHz-km.
US08189976B2	Endoscope system An endoscope system of the present invention includes: an image fiber with an image fiber main body made of a plurality of cores for forming pixels and a cladding common thereto; and an optical system connected to an eyepiece side of the image fiber for causing laser light to enter the image fiber and for taking in an image from the image fiber, in which the image fiber has the cores arranged substantially uniformly over a cross-section of the image fiber main body, the cross-section being perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the image fiber main body.
US08189975B2	Fiber spectroscopic probe mountable on a microscope A fiber spectroscopic probe that can be mounted directly above the objective lens of a standard microscope to add a spectroscopic function to the microscope. The fiber spectroscopic probe only consists of a minimum number of optical components and is compact enough to induce minimum alteration to the optical path of the microscope.
US08189974B2	Optical fiber cable An optical fiber cable 1 includes: a cable core 9 formed by stranding a plurality of loose tubes 7, each housing at least one optical fiber 5, on the periphery of a centered tension member 3; and a sheath 11 disposed on the outer periphery of the cable core 9. The sheath 11 includes: a first sheath portion 13 in which the sheath is embedded in between each of the loose tubes 7; and a second sheath portion 15, in which the sheath 11 is circumscribed around the cable core 9, to be thereby formed in a pipe shape. The first sheath portion 13 and the second sheath portion 15 are alternately positioned over the entire length of the cable core 9.
US08189973B2	Efficient collimation of light with optical wedge Embodiments of optical collimators are disclosed. For example, one disclosed embodiment comprises an optical waveguide having a first end, a second end opposing the first end, a viewing surface extending at least partially between the first end and the second end, and a back surface opposing the viewing surface. The viewing surface comprises a first critical angle of internal reflection, and the back surface is configured to be reflective at the first critical angle of internal reflection. Further, a collimating end reflector comprising a faceted lens structure having a plurality of facets is disposed at the second end of the optical waveguide.
US08189971B1	Dispersion compensation in a chirped pulse amplification system Systems and methods for producing ultra-short optical pulses are provided. According to various embodiments, optical pulses are generated, stretched, amplified, and compressed to ultra-short lengths. In order to achieve the ultra-short lengths, dispersion compensation is provided prior to amplification and optionally before compression. Dispersion compensation prior to amplification can be performed by passing the optical pulses through a polarization-maintaining fiber that includes a nonlinear Bragg grating. In some embodiments, the optical pulses are repeatedly circulated through the polarization-maintaining fiber that includes the nonlinear Bragg grating. Dispersion compensation before compression can be achieved by passing the amplified optical pulse through another length of polarization-maintaining fiber.
US08189968B2	Multimode interference coupler for use with slot photonic crystal waveguides The present invention provides an optical apparatus having a multimode interference coupler configured to optically couple a strip waveguide to a slot photonic crystal waveguide. The multimode interference coupler has a coupling efficiency to the slot photonic crystal waveguide greater than or equal to 90%, a width that is approximately equal to a defect width of the slot photonic crystal waveguide, a length that is equal to or less than 1.5 μm, and interfaces with the slot photonic crystal waveguide at an edge of a period that gives a termination parameter of approximately zero. The optical apparatus may also include an insulation gap disposed between the multimode interference coupler and the slot photonic crystal waveguide, wherein the length of the multimode interference coupler is reduced by approximately one half of a width of the insulation gap.
US08189966B2	QKD arrangement A QKD arrangement with a photon source generating entangled idler and signal photons, with two measuring units, one of which receiving the idler photons and the other one receiving the signal photons, and each including an optical module with photon channels, wherein a photon passes a photon channel as a function of its polarization, and a device for detecting the photons in association to its respective photon channel, as well as a time control for timingly adjusting the detection devices; the photon source is adapted for pulsed emission of photon pairs, and an interrupting unit supplying the signal photons to the optical module in pulsed manner is arranged upstream of the other measuring unit, the photon channels in each optical module including delay units with different delay periods, and only one single-photon detector associates the photons to the photon channels on the basis of a time pattern.
US08189963B2	Matching advertisements to visual media objects Systems, methods, and computer-readable media for matching a visual media object to an advertisement are provided. Embodiments of the present invention include receiving un-categorized visual media objects, automatically categorizing received visual media objects into subject-matter categories using image recognition technology, and retrieving advertisements assigned to the same subject-matter category for presentation in association therewith.
US08189959B2	Image blending using multi-splines Multi-spline image blending technique embodiments are presented which generally employ a separate low-resolution offset field for every image region being blended, rather than a single (piecewise smooth) offset field for all the regions to produce a visually consistent blended image. Each of the individual offset fields is smoothly varying, and so is represented using a low-dimensional spline. A resulting linear system can be rapidly solved because it involves many fewer variables than the number of pixels being blended.
US08189958B2	Method of fast image reconstruction The present invention provides a method of fast image construction. The wavelength information is extracted in advance based on characteristics of a Fourier domain Optical Coherent Tomography (OCT) system, to obtain a vector of wavelengths which are in a uniform distribution in a wave number space, and thus to obtain a virtual position coefficient of this wavelength vector at a CCD, from which a weight matrix is calculated based on a transfer function for a discrete Fourier transform with zero-padding interpolation. In operation of the system, the interpolation is carried out based on the weight matrix and collected data, or is carried out based on the weight matrix which has been truncated by being subject to windowing and the collected data, to obtain interpolated data satisfying requirements. The method according to the present invention is simple and easy to implement, by which, it is possible to improve the precision and speed of the Fourier domain OCT data process, and thus to improve the capacity of real-time image reconstruction of the Fourier domain OCT system.
US08189957B2	View projection for dynamic configurations A method and system for compensating for a moving object placed between a projector and a projection scene is shown. The method/system dividing a movement pattern of the moving object into N discrete position states, and for each of said N position states determining a corresponding view projection matrix. While projecting an image within any of the N position states, multiplying a desired projection image by the corresponding view projection matrix.
US08189956B2	Optical device for correcting geostationary satellite imagery for earth curvature effects An optical adapter for an imaging system correcting images of spherical or near spherical bodies such as the earth during satellite image collection. An imaging system includes an image collector that collects a two-dimensional image of the body from a distance above the body such as from a satellite in geostationary orbit. The collected image is disk shaped and includes distortion due to earth curvature, primarily in the form of a loss of resolution due to the foreshortening of earth features in a radial direction extending outward from the center of the image disk. The optical adapter receives the collected image, transforms the collected image to correct the distortion, and outputs a corrected image with essentially uniform spatial resolution across the areas for which the correction is applied. An image sensor such as charge-coupled device array senses the corrected image and creates a digital representation of the corrected image.
US08189952B2	Image noise reduction method based on local correlation A method for reducing image noise includes calculating a first pixel amount of pixels that are similar to each other in a first number neighbor of a center pixel in a motion window, determining whether the first pixel amount of pixels that are similar to each other in the first number neighbor is greater than a first predetermined value, and using a mean of those pixels of the first pixel amount of pixels that are similar to each other in the first number neighbor to restore the center pixel of the motion window if the first pixel amount of pixels is greater than the first predetermined value. The method includes determining whether a second pixel amount of pixels that are similar to the center pixel is greater than a second predetermined value if the first pixel amount of pixels is not greater than the first predetermined value.
US08189951B2	Video signal display device, video signal display method, storage medium, and integrated circuit A technical problem is to inhibit variation in the correction between frames of a moving image while maintaining a correction amount of the overall image. The video signal display device has an attraction point determination portion (104), a corrected center position storage portion (105), a corrected center position determination portion (106), a correction parameter creation portion (107), and a correction portion (108), and performs correction such that the corrected center position is gradually moved toward an attraction point. The video signal display device achieves the same effect as methods that suppress correction variability by adjusting the correction amount, while also inhibiting correction variability.
US08189950B2	Image enhancement method using local gain correction The present invention relates to a method for image enhancement. The method includes the steps of: replacing a value of a pixel of a digital image with a maximum one of values of red, green and blue sub-pixels of the pixel; selecting a specific pixel from pixels of the digital image; selecting some of the pixels surrounding the specific pixel to constitute a specific block; calculating an average of values of the pixels of the specific block; providing multiple curve functions; obtaining a corresponding one of the curve functions according to the average, and substituting the value of the pixel of the image into the curve functions to obtain new output brightness values.
US08189946B2	Image processing apparatus and method thereof for detecting and removing noise in decoded images The intensities of horizontal and vertical edges of each block of luminance signals of an image are measured, and horizontal and vertical edge intensity data of respective blocks are stored for one frame in an edge intensity mapping memory. A noise removal flag used to specify a filtering block is calculated based on the edge intensity data, and is stored in a noise removal flag mapping memory. A filter controller controls whether or not to apply filtering processing to each block, specified by this noise removal flag, of the current frame of the image based on the horizontal and vertical edge intensity data of that block of the current frame and those of the corresponding block of the immediately preceding frame.
US08189945B2	Digital video content fingerprinting based on scale invariant interest region detection with an array of anisotropic filters Video sequence processing is described with various filtering rules applied to extract dominant features for content based video sequence identification. Active regions are determined in video frames of a video sequence. Video frames are selected in response to temporal statistical characteristics of the determined active regions. A two pass analysis is used to detect a set of initial interest points and interest regions in the selected video frames to reduce the effective area of images that are refined by complex filters that provide accurate region characterizations resistant to image distortion for identification of the video frames in the video sequence. Extracted features and descriptors are robust with respect to image scaling, aspect ratio change, rotation, camera viewpoint change, illumination and contrast change, video compression/decompression artifacts and noise. Compact, representative signatures are generated for video sequences to provide effective query video matching and retrieval in a large video database.
US08189943B2	Method for up-sampling depth images A method up-samples images in a reduced resolution video, wherein each image I(x, y) stores depths d at pixel locations (x, y). each depth image is scaled up to produce a corresponding up-scaled image. Then, image dilation, a median filter, image erosion, and a min-max filter are applied in order to produce a corresponding up-sampled image.
US08189942B2	Method for discriminating focus quality of image pickup device A focus-quality judging method includes the following steps. Firstly, a comparing object including a target area is provided. A reference image pickup device is provided to shoot the comparing object to obtain a standard image including a standard target area image. Then, a first pixel number contained in the standard target area image is counted. The comparing object is shot by a test image pickup device to obtain a test image including a test target area image, wherein the test image has the same resolution as the standard image. Then, a second pixel number contained in the test target area image is counted. The first pixel number contained in the standard target area image is compared with the second pixel number contained in the test target area image. According to the comparing results, it is discriminated whether the test image pickup device performs an accurate focusing operation.
US08189941B2	Image processing device, display device, image processing method, and program An image processing device includes a detector for detecting a linear-interpolation-applicable area and an expansion corrector for performing a gradation expanding process on the linear-interpolation-applicable area detected by the detector. When a detector 11 detects a linear-interpolation-applicable area, if the gradation values of pixels preceding and following a pixel where a gradation change in a predetermined range is detected are the same as each other, then the detector judges the gradation change as being caused by a noise or the like, and regards the gradation value of the pixel where the gradation change is detected as the gradation values of pixels preceding and following the pixel.
US08189938B2	Enhanced infrared imaging system A vision system has an infrared detector that adjusts the amount of filtering based on the thermal content of a scene being imaged.
US08189935B2	Data processing device, image encoding/decoding device and data processing system To reduce a processing load of an external CPU, when a large amount of data is initially set frequently to an image coding/decoding device. The image encoding/decoding device (data processing device) includes a first circuit and a second circuit for providing initial setting to a plurality of image processing modules (processor units), wherein the image encoding/decoding device does not receive information, which is initially set to the image processing modules, directly from the external CPU, and control information for the initial setting is set to the first circuit from the CPU. The second circuit reads in initial setting information and setting-target information of the initial setting information from outside using the control information set in the first circuit and transfers the initial setting information to the image processing module according to the read-in setting-target information.
US08189934B2	Image coding apparatus and image decoding apparatus Provide is an image decoding apparatus which reliably prevents deterioration of the image quality of decoded images which have been previously coded. An image decoding apparatus (200) includes: an inverse quantization and inverse orthogonal transform unit (220) and an adder (230) which decode a coded image included in a coded stream (Str) to generate a decoded image (Rc); an entropy decoding unit (210) which extracts cross-correlation data (p) which indicates a cross-correlation between the decoded image (Rc) and an image which corresponds to the decoded image and has not yet been coded; and an adaptive filter (240) which computes a filter parameter (w) based on the extracted cross-correlation data (p), and performs a filtering operation on the decoded image (Rc) according to the filter parameter (w).
US08189929B2	Method of rearranging a cluster map of voxels in an image This invention relates to rearranging a cluster map of voxels in an image aiming at the reduction of sub-cluster scatter. The cluster map that includes two or more cluster levels is displayed to the user along with the distribution of the voxels within each respective cluster levels. The aim is to enable the user to evaluate the quality of the cluster map and based on the evaluation to change the distribution of the voxels. Such a change in the distribution will result in an update of the cluster map.
US08189928B2	Content management apparatus, image display apparatus, image pickup apparatus, processing method and program for causing computer to execute processing method Disclosed herein is a content management apparatus, including: content inputting means for inputting a content with which position information is associated; position information acquisition means for acquiring the position information associated with the content inputted by the content inputting means; tree production means for producing binary tree structure data corresponding to a binary tree having leaves to which contents inputted by the content inputting means correspond based on the position information of the contents acquired by the position information acquisition means; and determination means for extracting a node which satisfies a predetermined condition from among nodes of the binary tree structure data produced by the tree production means and determining those of the contents which belong to the extracted node as one group.
US08189927B2	Face categorization and annotation of a mobile phone contact list A method of face categorization and annotation of a face image library includes automatically cropping a face within an acquired digital image or removing one or more non-facial items from the digital image, or both, and thereby generating a full-size face image. The full-size face image is stored with other indicia identifying a person corresponding to the face in a face image library of an embedded device such as a mobile camera phone or other handheld camera device.
US08189923B2	Information input output method using a dot pattern A quadrangular or rectangular area on a medium surface of a printed material is defined as a block. A straight line in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction along an edge of the block is defined as a reference lattice line. A virtual lattice point is disposed at a predetermined interval on the reference lattice line. A reference lattice point dot is disposed on a virtual lattice point on a horizontal reference lattice line. A straight line connecting the reference grid point dots and virtual lattice points on a vertical line is defined as a lattice line. A point of intersection between lattice lines is defined as a virtual lattice point. A dot pattern is generated by arranging one or more information dots having a distance and a direction on the basis of the virtual lattice point. Such a dot pattern is scanned as image information by an optical reading means. Then, the dot pattern is converted into a numerical value and the information corresponding to the numerical information is read from a storage means. Then the information is outputted.
US08189919B2	Method and system for container identification A method and system for container identification are disclosed. The method comprises obtaining a plurality of digital images of a character sequence on the container, extracting the character sequences from the images, combining the character sequences into at least one identification code candidate, and selecting one of the candidates as the identification code. The system comprises at least one camera and a computer system that is electrically coupled to the camera, whereby when the computer system receives a trigger signal, said computer system takes a plurality of digital images from the camera, produces character sequences as partial recognition results for the plurality of digital images, and combines the partial recognition results together to produce the identification code.
US08189917B2	Methods and systems for locating text in a digital image Aspects of the present invention are related to systems and methods for locating text in a digital image.
US08189908B2	System and method for compressing video data and alpha channel data using a single stream A system and method provides video data and its corresponding alpha channel data using a single stream or file, compressed using the same format and decompression algorithm for each of the video data and the alpha channel data.
US08189905B2	Cognitive model for a machine-learning engine in a video analysis system A machine-learning engine is disclosed that is configured to recognize and learn behaviors, as well as to identify and distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior within a scene, by analyzing movements and/or activities (or absence of such) over time. The machine-learning engine may be configured to evaluate a sequence of primitive events and associated kinematic data generated for an object depicted in a sequence of video frames and a related vector representation. The vector representation is generated from a primitive event symbol stream and a phase space symbol stream, and the streams describe actions of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames.
US08189904B2	Image preprocessing for probe mark inspection Digital image processing methods are applied to an image of a semiconductor interconnection pad to preprocess the image prior to an inspection or registration. An image of a semiconductor pads exhibiting spatial patterns from structure, texture or features are filtered without affecting features in the image not associated with structure or texture. The filtered image is inspected in a probe mark inspection operation.
US08189903B2	Photomask evaluation based on lithographic simulation using sidewall angle of photomask pattern According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a photomask evaluation method including, acquiring a pattern image of a photomask, generating sidewall angle data on the sidewall angle of a pattern from the pattern image, extracting a pattern outline from the pattern image to generate outline data, and running a lithographic simulation on the basis of the outline data and the sidewall angle data to calculate an exposure margin.
US08189897B2	Program-controlled microscope and method for externally controlling microscopes The object in a program-controlled microscope and method for the external control of microscopes is to ensure the availability of externally generated data independent from the external control device generating the data. The microscope has an interface by which data which are generated externally by the control device and which are not provided in the control program internal to the microscope are stored in and/or read out from a storage internal to the microscope.
US08189896B2	Alignment apparatus for aligning radiation images by evaluating an amount of positional shift, and recording medium storing a program for aligning radiation images An alignment apparatus and a program that improve the accuracy of alignment between two radiation images are provided. For each of portions of the two radiation images, evaluation means calculates an evaluation value that evaluates an amount of positional shift regarding a tissue radiographed in the radiation images, and search condition setting means sets for each of the portions a condition of search for corresponding positions between the two radiation images based on the evaluation value. According to the search condition having been set, alignment means searches for the corresponding positions between the two radiation images, and aligns the two images by warping at least one of the radiation images.
US08189894B2	Method to detect the aortic arch in CT datasets for defining a heart window A method for processing anatomic images acquired in volume by a medical imaging system. Also, a medical imaging system and a computer program, each configurable to perform this method.
US08189889B2	Systems and methods for characterizing spatial distortion in 3D imaging systems Systems and methods for characterizing spatial distortions in location data determined by an imaging system, for example as employed in imaged guided therapy. A three dimensional phantom is custom formed for a desired imaging space of a given imaging system. The phantom includes a large plurality of control points fixed rigidly in space to a high degree of known accuracy. The phantom is fixed to a stereotactic frame defining a known calibrated reference or zero and imaged. An algorithm customized for the phantom determines the spatial locations of the control points. A comparison is made between the known and the determined spatial locations for at least a subset of the control points. The comparison results in indicia for any determined spatial distortions observed. The raw image data can be manipulated to compensate for any spatial distortion. The control points can have fixed locations known to an accuracy of 100μ or better. The algorithm can determine an initial estimate for the detected location of a control point accurate to ±0.5 pixel or better.
US08189882B2	Automated laser capture microdissection Multiple different samples are obtained from a bulk material and are separately stained. The differently stained materials look different with the different stains but also have similar characteristics. A computer is used to reorient the images so that the samples are oriented with one another. The thus oriented samples can have their like parts either reoriented. Once the stained areas are analyzed, the identified area in the unstained sample can be removed by laser capture microdissection.
US08189878B2	Multifactor multimedia biometric authentication A device may receive a request to authenticate a user, automatically establish a multimedia session with the user in response to receiving the request, and capture a group of biometric identifiers for the user from the multimedia session. The device may further perform a group of biometric authentication operations using the analyzed or captured biometric identifiers to obtain a group of authentication scores, determine whether the user is properly authenticated based on the group of authentication scores, and transmit a message representing the determination of whether the user is properly authenticated.
US08189877B2	Remote sensing analysis of forest disturbances The present invention provides systems and methods to automatically analyze Landsat satellite data of forests. The present invention can easily be used to monitor any type of forest disturbance such as from selective logging, agriculture, cattle ranching, natural hazards (fire, wind events, storms), etc. The present invention provides a large-scale, high-resolution, automated remote sensing analysis of such disturbances.
US08189875B2	Systems and methods for gemstone identification and analysis Images of items of jewelry having gemstones embedded therein are imaged and analyzed to determine the weights associated with the gemstones and, separately the precious metal in which the gemstones are encased without having to remove the gemstones from the jewelry.
US08189868B2	Vehicle periphery monitoring device A vehicle periphery monitoring device is operable to report a high contact possibility between a vehicle and an object at an appropriate time or frequency according to the type of the object. When the object is determined to be a human being and the position of the object in real space is contained in a first contact determination area, a high contact possibility between the vehicle and the object is reported. On the other hand, when the object is determined to be a quadruped animal and the real spatial position of the object is contained in a second contact determination area, the corresponding report is made. The second contact determination area has an overlapped area that overlaps with the first contact determination area, and an overflowed area that has at least a part thereof overflowing from the first contact determination area.
US08189867B2	Learning method for article storage facility A learning method is disclosed for an article storage facility having an article storage rack including article storage units arranged in a rack lateral width direction and a vertical direction, a vertically movable lift, and a horizontal travel carriage associated with the vertically movable lift. A frontal view camera is positioned with respect to the article transfer device such as to capture an image of a detected member provided for each of the storage units from a rack fore-and-aft direction. An angular view camera is positioned with respect to the article transfer device such as to be displaced relative to the frontal view camera in the rack lateral width direction or the vertical direction and such as to capture an image of a detected member from a direction at an angle relative to the rack fore-and-aft direction. And vertical direction correction information, rack lateral width correction information and extending and retracting distance correction information are derived based from image information.
US08189866B1	Human-action recognition in images and videos The present disclosure includes, among other things, systems, methods and program products applying a plurality of low-level feature detectors to an image where each low-level feature detector produces a respective low-level feature vector that represents a detection result. The low-level feature vectors are provided to a plurality of higher-level feature detectors where each higher-level feature detector produces a respective higher-level feature vector that represents a detection result based on a distribution of features in one or more of the low-level feature vectors. The higher-level feature vectors are then provided to a classifier in order to classify a human-action in the image.
US08189862B2	Visible authentication patterns for printed document A technique for determining authenticity of analog forms such as packaging or documents determines whether the analog form has been made directly from a digital representation or by photocopying or scanning an analog form. The technique makes the determination by comparing an original digital representation of a portion of the analog form having an authentication pattern with a digital recording of the portion from the analog form and measuring differences in features that are affected by the operations of photocopying or scanning. The authentication pattern may depend on a key or on other information displayed on the analog form. Another pattern may be displayed on the analog form to locate the pattern.
US08189860B2	Systems and methods of using spatial/spectral/temporal imaging for hidden or buried explosive detection A method and system for increasing the detection, location, identification or classification of objects hidden on the surface or buried below the surface of the ground is disclosed. The method acquires image data in separate IR and/or visible spectral regions simultaneously and converts the data into intensity value arrays for each spectral region. These intensity value arrays are transformed into two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform arrays for each spectral region. The background clutter from the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform arrays is removed; forming clutter reduced two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform arrays. The inverse two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform is performed on the clutter reduced two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform arrays to form clutter removed intensity value arrays. These arrays are subtracted in a pair-wise mariner to obtain chemical-specific spectral signatures. The processed images are correlated with 3-dimensional matched filters of known emissive signatures of objects to detect the presence of the object.
US08189859B2	Apparatus for inserting watermark and method therefor There are provided an apparatus for inserting a watermark and a method therefor. The apparatus for inserting a watermark includes a watermark pattern image receiving unit that stores a watermark pattern image including a preset bit value; a watermark information generation unit that stores watermark information including binary tracking information generated based on at least one of a user ID value and a terminal ID value; and a watermark insertion unit that receives watermark pattern images corresponding to bit values of the stored watermark information from the watermark pattern image generation unit, and overlays the watermark pattern images in sequence on a display screen.
US08189856B2	System and apparatus for evaluating the reliability of a watermarking technique for a video sequence A system and apparatus for evaluating the reliability of a watermarking technique for a video sequence, said system and apparatus comprising: a) a calibrating means adapted to calibrate said system and apparatus using a test original video sequence and a test attacked video sequence in compliance with predetermined degrees of quality; b) an attacking means adapted to attack embedded watermark in said video sequence, said attack selected from a group of attacks; and c) an evaluating means including a comparator means for comparing the test original video sequence with test attacked video sequence and the watermark in the test original video sequence with the watermark in the test attacked video sequence to evaluate the reliability of a watermarking technique to give a reliability score.
US08189854B2	Watermarking and fingerprinting digital content using alternative blocks to embed information A method of embedding information in digital content representing media streams. The method includes (1) selecting a set of locations within that digital content representing the media stream to embed information, (2) selecting a set of possible alterations to make at those locations, and (3) making a subset of the possible alterations. The set of locations and possible alterations is herein sometimes called a “watermark.” The subset of actual alterations that are made is herein sometimes called a “fingerprint.” The method determines a set of locations at which there are alternative versions of digital content representing the same media stream, such as one being the original and one being an alternative version of the same digital content, herein sometimes called the “original movie” and the “alt-movie,” or herein sometimes called the “original block” and the “alt-block” for a particular block in the digital content representing the media stream.
US08189851B2	Optically clear diaphragm for an acoustic transducer and method for making same The present disclosure relates to a diaphragm that may be used with a mechanical-to-acoustical transducer. The diaphragm may include a layer of optically clear film, a damping layer and another layer of optically clear film. The damping layer may be an adhesive. The diaphragm may also comprise two optically clear films, optionally including a damping layer, wherein the films indicate a desired coefficient of linear thermal expansion in one or both of the machine and transverse directions.
US08189847B2	Dual-frequency coaxial earphones with shared magnet A dual-frequency coaxial earphone has a shared magnet, which is interposed between a top board of a outer yoke and an outer disk of a inner yoke, wherein the outer yoke and the inner yoke each has a different polarity. A low-frequency voice coil of a low-frequency speaker part extends axially into and between an annular wall of the outer yoke and the outer disk of the inner yoke. An inner sleeve of the inner yoke extends into a first central opening of the outer yoke. Therefore, a high frequency of the high-frequency speaker part can pass through the inner sleeve so as to energize a central diaphragm of the low-frequency speaker part and to form a same phase as, and to output frequency synchronously with, the low-frequency speaker part. As such, the problem of intermodulation of distortion for the high and low acoustic frequencies can be solved, and that dimension of the earphone can be minimized.
US08189844B2	Headwear mounted headphone carrier A headphone carrying device comprises a thin, flexible strip of material which supports the wires for conventional ear bud style headphones. The strip can be quickly and easily inserted inside a cap or hat, between the body and headband of the hat or cap. The device is fully hidden from view when the hat or cap is worn and maintains the wires adjacent the back of the person's head, without the wires hanging or dangling loosely. Alternatively, the device can be attached to the back of a bike helmet or other headgear using adhesive, Velcro fasteners, or other connectors. The device is lightweight, fits all sizes of hats, caps and headgear, and does not interfere with the normal wearing of the hat, cap or headgear.
US08189843B2	System and method for securing headphone transducers A system for securing headphone transducers is provided. In one aspect of the present invention, the system comprises a first transducer device having a first mechanical housing, which has an outer surface and an inner surface. A first coupling device is affixed to the outer surface of the first mechanical housing of the first transducer device. A second transducer device has a second mechanical housing, which has an outer surface and an inner surface. A second coupling device is affixed to the outer surface of the second mechanical housing of the second transducer device. The first coupling device is coupled to the second coupling device when in close proximity to each other, such that the inner surfaces of the first and second mechanical devices are opposed to each other.
US08189837B2	Hearing system with enhanced noise cancelling and method for operating a hearing system The hearing system (1) comprises a filtering unit (6) for improving a signal-to-noise ratio of an S+N-audio signal (S+N) composed of a desired audio signal (S) and a unwanted audio signal (N), which filtering unit (6) comprises an adaptive filter; an S+N-input for receiving said S+N-audio signal (S+N); an N-input for receiving an N-audio signal (N), which is used as an estimate for said unwanted audio signal (N); and an S-output for outputting an S-audio signal (S) obtained in dependence of said S+N-audio signal (S+N) and said N-audio signal (N), which is an approximation towards said desired signal (S); wherein the hearing system (1) comprises a selecting unit (2) operationally connected to said filtering unit (6) for selecting a first input audio signal (In1; In2; . . . ) from at least two input audio signals (In1, In2) and feeding said first input audio signal (In1; In2) either to said S+N-input or to said N-input. Preferably, said selecting unit (2) is adapted to selecting also a second input audio signal (In2) from said at least two input audio signals (In1, In2), which is different from said first input audio signal (In1), and said first input audio signal (In1) is fed to said S+N-input, and said second input audio signal (In2) is fed to said N-input.
US08189835B2	Loss protection system for hearing aid devices The miniaturization and wearing comfort of hearing aid devices increasingly runs the risks of a hearing aid device worn on or in the ear of a user getting lost without user realizing. The invention relates to a hearing aid device system comprising a first and a second hearing aid device which is worn on the head or body of a user to provide an electronic loss protection system which is reliable and easily manageable for a user. The first hearing aid device controls a presence of a radio link and/or a signal level of a signal sent from the second hearing aid device and received in the first hearing aid device. If the radio link breaks or the signal level drops below a threshold value, an information signal is generated by the first hearing aid device to inform the user of the loss of the second hearing aid device.
US08189834B2	Device and method for generating a filtered activity pattern, source divider, method for generating a debugged audio signal and computer program A device for generating a filtered activity pattern based on a first activity pattern at an auditory model of a first ear and a second activity pattern at an auditory model of a second ear includes an identifier for identifying a first trajectory in the first activity pattern and a second trajectory in the second activity pattern which are associated with the same sound event. The device further includes a determiner for determining whether the two trajectories are associated with a sound event of a useful sound source. The device further includes a filter for filtering the first activity pattern or the second activity pattern based on a result of determining whether a trajectory is associated with a sound event of the useful sound source.
US08189833B2	Hearing aid and a method of processing input signals in a hearing aid A hearing aid comprises two microphones, directional processing means for combining the respective audio signals to form a spatial signal, a beamformer for controlling the directional processing means to provide adaptation of the spatial signal, and means for boosting low frequencies of the spatial signal. A feedback estimator generates a feedback compensation signal, which is combined with the boosted spatial signal. By applying feedback compensation only after directional processing and low frequency boosting, the device avoids interference by the feedback estimator with the function of the beamformer. The invention also provides a method of processing signals in a hearing aid.
US08189831B2	Hearing aid having an audio signal generator and method The invention relates to a hearing aid having an audio signal unit which is operatively connected to a sound generator and generates an audio signal which has at least two audio signal sections immediately succeeding one another in time. The audio signal sections each have an audio signal section duration and the audio signal has at least one frequency that is audible to the human ear. The audio signal sections succeed one another in such a way that an audio signal section succeeding a previous audio signal section in time begins before the previous audio signal section has terminated, with the result that the previous and the succeeding audio signal section overlap one another with an overlapping time period, the overlapping time period being shorter than the audio signal section duration of the previous audio signal section.
US08189827B2	Multi-channel audio panel A method and apparatus for providing improved intelligibility of contemporaneously perceived audio signals. Differentiation cues are added to monaural audio signals to allow a listener to more effectively comprehend information contained in one or more of the signals. In a specific embodiment, a listener wearing stereo headphones listens to simultaneous monaural radio broadcasts from different stations. A differentiation cue is added to at least one of the audio signals from the radio reception to allow the listener to more effectively focus on and differentiate between the broadcasts.
US08189825B2	Sound management techniques for vehicles Vehicle including an arrangement for controlling audio reception by occupants of a passenger compartment includes a frame defining an interior, at least one seat in the interior defining a plurality of seating positions, and a sound generating system for generating different audio sounds for each seating position. The sound generating system utilizes hypersonic sound, and may be an entertainment system which delivers music or other audio content to the occupants. A monitoring system determines the presence and/or position of occupants in the seating positions relative to the sound generating system. The sound generating system for each seating position may then be automatically adjustable based on the determined presence and/or position of the occupant in the seating position such that different sounds are audible to each occupant.
US08189821B2	Condenser microphone unit There is provided a condenser microphone unit incorporating a FET (impedance converter) in a unit case, in which the electromagnetic shield on the rear surface side of the unit case is assured, sound waves do not leak, and a steady internal stress is applied to incorporated parts almost uniformly. In a condenser microphone unit 1A including a unit case 2 that has a front acoustic terminal hole 21 on the front end surface side thereof and is open on the rear end surface side thereof, in which the unit case 2 incorporates an acousto-electric converter 3 including a diaphragm 31 and a backplate 33, which are arranged so as to face each other via a spacer member 35, and a FET 4; a circuit board 5 is disposed in an opening part 22 on the rear end surface side of the unit case 2; and the incorporated parts 3 and 5 are fixed into the unit case 2 by staking an edge 221 of the opening part 22, an elastic disc-shaped gel-form ferrite sheet 8 having an outside diameter approximately equal to the inside diameter of the unit case 2 is held between the rear surface side of the acousto-electric converter 3 and the circuit board 5.
US08189810B2	System for processing microphone signals to provide an output signal with reduced interference A system reduces noise or other external signals that may affect communication. A device converts sound from two or more microphones into an operational signal. Based on one or both signals, a beamformer generates an intermediate signal. Reflected or other undesired signals may be estimated or measured by an echo canceller. Interference may be measured or estimated by processing the echo-reduced signal or estimate by a blocking matrix. An interference canceller may reduce the interference that may modify or disrupt a signal based on the output of the blocking matrix and the intermediate signal.
US08189808B2	Signal processing system and method for calibrating channel signals supplied from an array of sensors having different operating characteristics In a signal processing system, a set of channel signals from an array of sensors of different operating characteristics are processed in calibration circuitry that calculates individual average values of the channel signals and calculates an average of the individual average values of channel signals as a reference value. Reciprocal calculators calculate reciprocal values of the individual average values of the channel signals. Scaling circuitry scales the reciprocal values by the reference value to produce a set of amplitude calibration signals and scales the channel signals by the calibration signals respectively. As a result, the channel signals are normalized by their own average values and scaled by the reference value to produce a set of calibrated channel signals.
US08189804B2	Sound provider adapter to cancel out noise A sound provider for providing sound to a person's ear includes one or more terminals for receiving a first electrical signal and a first sound emitter operatively connected to the one or more terminals for outputting a sound corresponding to the first electrical signal. The sound provider also includes a sound receiver for receiving sound and outputting a corresponding, second, electrical signal, and a second sound emitter operatively connected to the sound receiver for outputting a sound corresponding to the second electrical signal.
US08189786B2	Encryption system One embodiment involves encrypting an MPEG transport stream by seeding a random number generator with a seed derived from at least a portion of the MPEG transport stream to produce a random number output. At least one program key and at least one modification key are generated from the random number output. At least portions of the MPEG transport stream are encrypted with the program key. At least one stored key is modified according to the modification key to produce a message segment key. The program key and the modification key are encrypted with the message segment key. The encrypted MPEG transport stream, the encrypted program key, and the encrypted modification key are multiplexed to form a multiplexed output.
US08189783B1	Systems, methods, and programs for detecting unauthorized use of mobile communication devices or systems Systems, methods, and programs for generating an authorized user profile for a mobile communication device, may sample an audio stream generated by the mobile communication device during communication and may store the audio sample. The systems methods and programs may determine an audio characteristic of the stored audio sample and may create the authorized user profile based on the audio characteristic. Systems, methods, and programs for detecting unauthorized use of a mobile communication device may sample an audio stream generated by the device during communication, may determine an audio characteristic of the audio sample, and may compare the determined audio characteristics of the sample with an authorized user profile.
US08189782B2	Modular broadcast receiver system and method The construction of a receiving apparatus for receiving a broadcast from a plurality of broadcasting providers is simplified. In a receiving apparatus for receiving a broadcast from a plurality of broadcasting providers, of the function blocks which constitute the receiving apparatus, a block used in common irrespective of the broadcasting provider is formed as a common block, and a block different from one broadcasting provider to another is formed as an independent block. These blocks are connected to each other through an IEEE1394 interface, and the common block is shared among the plurality of blocks which are not used in common, so that a receiving process is performed.
US08189773B2	Circuit updating system An information processing apparatus includes a reconfigurable unit in which a circuit is reconfigured. A generation unit generates design data for the circuit configured by the reconfigurable unit and reduces the amount of design data to be held by a design data storage unit.
US08189772B2	Method and apparatus for performing elliptic curve arithmetic A method of performing a cryptographic operation on a point in an elliptic curve cryptosystem using an elliptic curve. The method comprises the steps of obtaining information that uniquely identifies the elliptic curve and performing computations on the point to obtain the result of the cryptographic operation. The computations use the information. The computations produce an incorrect result if the point is not on the elliptic curve.
US08189770B2	Tweakable block encryption apparatus, method, and program The tweakable block cipher system and method also includes an offset calculation unit that calculates a sum of a value, which is generated by encrypting a constant plaintext using a block cipher, and the tweak and outputs a value which is generated by encrypting the result using a partial block cipher as an offset. Furthermore, an internal encryption unit calculates a sum of the offset and the plaintext, encrypts the sum using the block cipher, calculates a sum of the result and the offset, and outputs the sum as a ciphertext. In addition, the system and method includes an output unit that outputs the ciphertext.
US08189769B2	Systems and methods for encrypting data Data encryption techniques are presented. According to an embodiment of a method, a cryptographic hash of unencrypted data for data block X−1 is generated, and a hash of an encryption key is generated. An initialization vector for data block X is generated using the cryptographic hash and the hash of the encryption key. Data block X−1 and data block X are logically contiguous and data block X−1 logically precedes data block X. Encryption data for data block X is generated from unencrypted data for data block X using the initialization vector.
US08189768B2	Secure messaging A method for secure communication of a message. The method includes providing a message including a plurality of message packets, providing a nodal network including a plurality of nodes, where nodal operations are capable of execution on the message packets at the nodes, gaining, by a first node of the network, a first message packet, processing the first message packet by the first node, relinquishing the first message packet as processed by the first node, gaining, by any other node of the network, at least one other message packet, processing the other message packet by the other node, relinquishing the other message packet as processed by the other node, receiving, by a message destination node of the network, a first message packet, receiving, by the message destination node, at least a second message packet, and processing the first message packet and the second message packet to provide a reproduced message.
US08189767B2	Method and system for clear signal capture A method and system for clear signal capture comprehend several individual aspects that address specific problems in improved ways. In addition, the method and system also comprehend a hands-free implementation that is a practical solution to a very complex problem. Individual aspects comprehended related to echo and noise reduction, and divergence control.
US08189764B2	Server for transferring a communication message A SIP server 100 includes a first memory 20 storing a route management table in which, of route set information specified by a SIP signal on a session-by-session basis, address information as of each Record-Route header value is associated with a logical number, the same address information as of a Record-Route header values being set to the same single logical number; and a second memory 30 storing session information other than the address information as of each Record-Route header value, instance management information for use in session control, and logical numbers. The address information as of each Record-Route header value, which is stored in the first memory 20 is read on the basis of the logical numbers stored in the second memory 30.
US08189763B2	System and method for recording voice and the data entered by a call center agent and retrieval of these communication streams for analysis or correction Communications systems are provided, a representative one of which incorporates: a recorder operative to record information associated with a communication; and a first computer application operative to provide a graphical user interface, the graphical user interface being configured such that, responsive to a user input designating a portion of the communication via the graphical user interface, information corresponding to that portion of the communication and recorded by the recorder is presented to the user, the first computer application being further operative to construct an integrated data stream comprising at least some of the information recorded.
US08189759B2	System and method for automatic call back using availability information A system and method are provided for controlling execution of a call back to a called party, comprising determining availability status of the called party, evaluating compatibility of the availability status with initiating call back to the called party, and in the event the availability status is compatible with call back then initiating the call back to said called party.
US08189758B2	Method, apparatus and system for playing ring back tone A method, apparatus and system for playing a Ring Back Tone are provided, and the method includes: determining, according to a call request initiated by a calling party, whether a called party has customized a called-party Ring Back Tone service; further determining, if the called party has customized a called-party Ring Back Tone service, whether the calling party has customized a Ring Back Tone; and playing, if the calling party has customized a Ring Back Tone, a ring tone to the calling party, according to the Ring Back Tone customized by the calling party. According to the above technical solution, the calling party can accurately receive the ring tone selected by the calling party himself in the case that the called party has customized a Ring Back Tone service.
US08189755B2	Call urgency screening In some embodiments, a call urgency screening system may include one or more of the following features: (a) a data storage device comprising, (i) a call urgency screening program that allows a recipient to choose whether to accept a call from a caller or offer to the caller other alternate call handling of the call based on interaction with the caller and a dialog engine, and (b) a processor coupled to the data storage device that executes the call urgency screening program.
US08189752B2	Per-session dynamic charging caps in communication networks Communication networks and associated methods and systems are disclosed that provide per-session dynamic charging caps. For a session, the communication network includes a network element adapted to serve the session, a charging system, and a subscriber server adapted to store charging criteria defined for a party to the session. In operation, the charging system receives one or more charging request messages from the network element. Responsive to a charging request message, the charging system identifies the charging criteria defined for the party as stored in the subscriber server, and determines a dynamic charging cap for the session based on the charging criteria. A charging cap is a limited or maximum amount of time and/or money that is charged for an individual session. The charging system then limits the charging for the session based on the dynamic charging cap.
US08189751B2	Tracking trunk usage in an enterprise network The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for tracking trunk usage in an enterprise network. In some implementations, a method for identifying trunk expenses includes aggregating data identifying telecommunication services associated with a plurality of trunks in an enterprise network. Charges for the used telecommunication services are identified. The charges are associated with a carrier that provided the telecommunication services. Carrier charges for each of the plurality of the trunks are automatically identified based, at least in part, on the aggregated data and the carrier charges.
US08189747B1	Internet-based telephone call manager A method is provided that allows data access service provider subscribers to manage their telephone service through a data connection. The subscriber is enabled to obtain call data information and is provided real time control. During a data call, a visual incoming call indicator informs the subscriber, through a popup window, connected to the data access service provider that there is a call attempt. A visual message waiting indicator allows a subscriber, connected to the data access service provider to be notified of a pending message on the voice message system. A visual call disposition allows the subscriber, through the data connection, to dispose of calls. The call disposition options include forwarding a call to voice mail, playing an announcement to the calling party, forwarding the call to another line, sending a text message which could be converted to speech using text to speech technology, answering the call using voice over data call or terminating the data connection in order to accept the call.
US08189743B2	Blade device and X-ray imaging apparatus A blade device for forming a hollow cone-like radiation includes a pair of blade members opposed to each other symmetrically at a fixed inclination angle in a first direction perpendicular to the axis of the cone, a pair of second blade members opposed to each other symmetrically at a variable inclination angle in a second direction perpendicular to the axis of the cone and also perpendicular to the first direction, a pair of lever members fixed respectively at one ends thereof to faces of the pair of second blade members on the side opposite to the mutually confronting side, and lever actuating unit for pivoting the pair of lever members about respective shafts.
US08189742B2	Fast dose modulation using Z-deflection in a rotaring anode or rotaring frame tube A fast dose modulation using a z-deflection in a rotating anode or a rotating frame tube, where the electron beam is deflected from a first focal spot region to a second focal spot region being formed on the anode, wherein only the electromagnetic beam generated in the first focal spot region contributes to the useful electromagnetic exposure beam, wherein the second focal spot region is designed to avoid emission of electromagnetic beams into the direction of a useful electromagnetic beam direction.
US08189741B2	X-ray tube electrical power supply, associated power supply process and imaging system An electrical power supply of an X-ray tube. A high voltage generation device having a primary capacitor is configured to transmit a high voltage to the X-ray tube. At least one voltage source is configured to supply the primary capacitor. An energy storage device has an auxiliary capacitor that is configured to receive from the primary capacitor a quantity of energy and to return said energy to the primary capacitor. A control device arranged in series between the high voltage generation device and the storage device is configured to connect or isolate the storage device from the high voltage generation device so the X-ray tube is powered by a variable high voltage very rapidly between a first high voltage and a second high voltage.
US08189739B2	Orthovoltage radiotherapy A radiosurgery system is described that delivers a therapeutic dose of radiation to a target structure in a patient. In some embodiments, inflammatory ocular disorders are treated, specifically macular degeneration. In some embodiments, ocular structures are placed in a global coordinate system, based on ocular imaging, which leads to direction of an automated positioning system. In some embodiments, the position of an ocular structure is tracked and related to a radiosurgery system. In some embodiments, a treatment plan is utilized for a specific disease to be treated and/or structures to be avoided. In some embodiments, a fiducial aids in positioning the system. In some embodiments, a reflection off the eye is used to aid in positioning. In some embodiments, radiodynamic therapy is described in which radiosurgery is used in combination with other treatments and can be delivered concomitant with, prior to, or following other treatments.
US08189738B2	Methods and systems for guiding clinical radiotherapy setups Radiation beam parameters are determined by manipulating a tool about a patient in order to determine a desired beam entry point and/or beam angle. In certain embodiments, a visual representation of the beam may be displayed along with images of internal and external anatomical features of the patient, and used to determine couch and/or gantry manipulation parameters to move the patient into a desired position with respect to a treatment delivery device.
US08189737B2	Process and apparatus for microCT imaging of ex vivo specimens Processes for producing a microCT image for virtual histology using x-ray microscopic computed tomography are described along with processes for rapid and inexpensive high-throughput methods of high resolution imaging for screening an ex vivo embryo for phenotype using computed tomography imaging. Staining of particular components of specimens with one or more staining agents is described which contributes to high quality image generation and identification of anatomical structures as well as localization of molecular targets. Inventive animal and specimen holders are detailed which allow for reduced post-imaging processing of generated images. In particular, animal and specimen holders are provided which include a highly transparent bed or liner which separates the animal or specimen from a less transparent structure. A further animal holder is provided for placing and/or maintaining the animal in a desired position during an imaging procedure or multiple imaging procedures including a bed conforming to the animal's body.
US08189736B2	X-ray CT apparatus Provided is an X-ray CT apparatus which can perform CT scan of multi-energy scanning at a high speed and can obtain an image having an excellent substance distinguishing ability. The X-ray CT apparatus includes: means to continuously perform a first CT scanning using a first X-ray energy and a second CT scanning using a second X-ray energy without interrupting CT scan; means to transit the X-ray energy emitted from the X-ray during a transition period TR including an end of the first CT scanning and a beginning of the second CT scanning from the first X-ray energy to the second X-ray energy; and means to compensate the scan data in the transition period by the opposing data in the residual scan period so as to reconstruct an image.
US08189731B2	Machinery system allowing replacement of old reactor with a new reactor in nuclear power electric generating station The machinery system and its application herewith, intended to create an opening in the roof of a Reactor Primary Containment of Generation II and III Nuclear Power Electric Generating Station. This opening is necessary to replace an aging nuclear reactor with a new, safer and more efficient reactor. Generation II and III Nuclear Power Electric Generating Stations include General Electric (GE) Boiling Water Reactor BWR/2, 3, 4, 5 and BWR/6 located in Mark II, and Mark III wet containments and Pressurized Water Reactors manufactured by Westinghouse, Combustion Engineering and Babcock and Wilcox located in dry containments. Until this time, existing reactor replacement was not possible due to Reactor Primary Containment structural enclosure configuration. The Dual Head Vertical Milling Machine System will remove a Reactor Primary Containment Dome Segment thus providing an opening, allowing reactor replacement and the electric generating station to remain operational for an other 40 years and beyond. Original containment integrity will be reinstated by closure of the opening.
US08189725B2	Loop bandwidth enhancement technique for a digital PLL and A HF divider that enables this technique A method of operating a phase locked loop (FIG. 5) for a wireless receiver is disclosed. The method includes receiving a reference signal (503) having a first and a second plurality of cycles and receiving a feedback signal (512) having the first and the second plurality of cycles. The feedback signal is compared (504) to the reference signal. A plurality of phase errors is produced for each cycle of (UP, FIG. 10A) the first plurality of cycles in response to the step of comparing.
US08189722B2	Discrete denoising using blended counts Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a discrete denoiser that replaces symbols in a received, noisy signal with replacement symbols in order to produce a recovered signal less distorted with respect to an originally transmitted, clean signal than the received, noisy signal. Certain, initially developed discrete denoisers employ an analysis of the number of occurrences of metasymbols within the received, noisy signal in order to select symbols for replacement, and to select the replacement symbols for the symbols that are replaced. Denoisers that represent examples of the present invention use blended counts that are combinations of the occurrences of metasymbol families within a noisy signal to determine the symbols to be replaced and the replacement symbols corresponding to them.
US08189721B2	Channel estimation apparatus and method for the same A channel estimation apparatus and a method for the same are provided. The channel estimation apparatus includes a preamble buffer unit, a gain adjusting unit, a demodulation unit, and an estimation unit. The preamble buffer unit receives and temporarily stores a plurality of symbols in preamble signal. The symbols correspond to a plurality of gain control values. The gain adjusting unit adjusts the symbols to a plurality of gain normalized symbols according to the gain control values. The demodulation unit receives the gain normalized symbols and demodulates the same to obtain a frequency domain demodulation signal. The estimation unit receives the frequency domain demodulation signal and performs a channel estimation about the frequency domain demodulation signal and a frequency domain reference value of a standard preamble signal, so as to obtain a channel frequency response.
US08189718B2	Adaptive optimization method and apparatus for average length The invention provides an average length adaptive optimization method and apparatus. An adaptive optimization method for the average length used for phase recovery comprising: a residual phase difference calculation step, for receiving a current phase of a digital symbol obtained by phase recovery and a data modulation phase of the digital symbol obtained by data recovery, and calculating a residual phase difference of the digital symbol, which is a difference between the current phase and the data modulation phase of the digital symbol; a residual phase difference auto-correlation value calculation step, for calculating an auto-correlation value of the residual phase difference with displacement m, wherein −10≦m≦10, and m is an integral; an optimization step, for optimizing the average length based on the residual phase difference auto-correlation value.
US08189716B2	Method for obtaining precise sampling frequency of global positioning system (GPS) A method for obtaining a precise sampling frequency of a global positioning system (GPS) is applied in a GPS receiver. First, a radio frequency (RF) module of the GPS receiver is used to receive a satellite signal from at least one satellite. Then, a plurality of code delays of the satellite signal is calculated at a fixed time interval, and time differences between all adjacent two code delays among all the obtained code delays are calculated to obtain a plurality of time differences. Next, a mean value of all the obtained time differences is calculated. At last, a ratio between 1000 times of the mean value and the fixed time interval is calculated to obtain an error value, and the error is added to a standard sampling frequency of the RF module to obtain a new sampling frequency.
US08189713B2	Matrix power amplifiers for high speed wireless applications A wireless communication device includes an RF transceiver configured to up convert a base band signal to a transmitting RF signal, a configurable matrix power amplifier circuit configured to amplify the transmitting RF signal to produce an amplified RF signal, and an antenna configured to transmit a wireless signal in response to the amplified RF signal.
US08189712B2	Communications device A communications device for generating a Zadoff-Chu sequence includes a storage unit storing real and imaginary part values of exp{−j·(2π/N)·(m/2)} for the Zadoff-Chu sequence of the sequence length N, wherein m is an integer (0≦m<(N+1)/2); a parameter acquisition unit acquiring a sequence number u, data number k, cyclic shift amount Δ and cyclic shift number Ncs; a phase position detecting unit detecting a phase position of the Zadoff-Chu sequence with acquired parameters; and a sequence determination unit determining m to read a real and an imaginary part value in the storage unit based on the phase position and determining a plus/minus sign of each of the real and the imaginary part value. The device further includes a sequence acquisition unit acquiring the Zadoff-Chu sequence by using the real and the imaginary part values according to m determined by the sequence determination unit and the signs thereof determined.
US08189711B2	Transmission controlling method in wireless communications system and receiver for use in the same system The present invention relates to a transmission controlling method in a wireless communications system and a receiver for use in the same system. The invention aims at realizing power control (or transmit rate control) more effective than previous techniques by means of utilizing a certain relationship between an error rate and an evaluation amount relating to the estimation amount. Thus, a certain relationship is defined between the evaluation amount relating to a reception condition and an error rate on the receiver, and on the basis of this certain relationship, transmit power of the transmitter is controlled.
US08189706B2	Apparatus and method for generating per stream effective signal to noise ratio in a multiple-input multiple-output wireless communication system In the present invention, an apparatus and a method for generating feedback information for a Maximum Likelihood (ML) detection scheme in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) wireless communication system are provided. An apparatus of the invention includes a generator for generating constellation difference points by converting a constellation domain representing values of symbols into a constellation difference domain representing values of distance between symbols, a calculator for calculating per stream Symbol Error Rates (SERs) using the constellation difference points, and a determiner for determining per stream Effective Signal to Noise Ratios (ESNRs) using the per stream SER.
US08189704B2	Method and apparatus for joint equalization and decoding of multilevel codes A method and apparatus are provided for joint equalization and decoding of multilevel codes, such as the Multilevel Threshold-3 (MLT-3) code, which are transmitted over dispersive channels. The MLT-3 code is treated as a code generated by a finite-state machine using a trellis having state dependencies between the various states. A super trellis concatenates the MLT-3 trellis with a trellis representation of the channel. Joint equalization and decoding of the received signal can be performed using the super trellis. A sequence detector is disclosed that uses the super trellis or a corresponding reduced-state trellis to perform joint equalization and decoding of the received signal to decode the MLT-3 coded data bits. The sequence detector may be embodied using maximum likelihood sequence estimation that applies the optimum Viterbi algorithm or a reduced complexity sequence estimation method, such as the reduced-state sequence estimation (RSSE) algorithm.
US08189693B2	Digital signal transfer method and apparatus The invention relates to a digital signal transfer method and apparatus in which a signals are transferred between first and second electrically isolated circuits. An announcement signal is transferred from the first circuit to the second circuit and a data signal is transferred from the first circuit to the second circuit within a data signal time window associated with the announcement signal.
US08189692B2	Signal transmitter apparatus provided with signal correction circuit for suppressing radiation of electromagnetic waves between transmission lines A voltage memory stores a signal level of a transmission signal from a signal generator at a timing of a clock signal, and outputs the transmission signal. A voltage difference detector detects a signal level of a transmission signal at a timing subsequent to the timing and detects a first signal level difference between the signal level and the signal level from the voltage memory. A maximum value detector, a voltage difference detector and bias voltage sources delay the transmission signal so as to keep a rise time of the transmission signal substantially within a predetermined value range by adding capacitances corresponding to the first signal level differences from the voltage difference detectors to transmission lines.
US08189689B2	Receiver for reducing PCR jitter A receiver receiving a transport stream to demodulate the transport stream into a final output stream, wherein the transport stream comprises a plurality of symbols at least one of which carrying at least one program clock reference (PCR) value, and the final output stream comprises a plurality of demodulated symbols each comprising a plurality of packets, is disclosed. The receiver can comprise a Reed-Solomon decoder configured to decode the transport stream to generate a MPEG (Motion Pictures Expert Group) packet, a MPEG memory configured to store the MPEG packet, and a descrambler configured to read the MPEG packet from the MPEG memory with a throughput rate and descramble the MPEG packet into one of the packets of the demodulated symbols of the final transport stream. The throughput rate is decreased to reduce bursts of the packets of the demodulated symbols of the final output stream.
US08189685B1	Ranking video articles An information retrieval system is provided for processing queries for video content. A server receives a query for video content and returns video articles, as received from broadcast systems or other content providers. Queries are formulated using text, video images, and/or visual content associated with a video article. Various video-oriented characteristics associated with the results of the queries are determined and a rank score is calculated for each. The ranked video articles are displayed in a representation to the user, from which the user can play the video article either within the representation or independent of it.
US08189680B2	Picture encoding method and picture decoding method A picture encoding method of the present invention is a picture encoding method of predictively encoding an input picture with reference to pictures stored in a picture buffer, decoding the encoded input picture, judging whether or not the decoded picture is a picture for reference and whether or not the decoded picture is a picture for output which needs to be stored until its display time, and storing, in the picture buffer, the picture for reference and the picture for output based on the determination result.
US08189666B2	Local picture identifier and computation of co-located information Video decoding innovations for using local picture identifiers and computing co-located information are described. In one aspect, a decoder identifies reference pictures in a reference picture list of a temporal direct prediction mode macroblock that match reference pictures used by a co-located macroblock using local picture identifiers. In another aspect, a decoder determines whether reference pictures used by blocks are the same by comparing local picture identifiers during calculation of boundary strength. In yet another aspect, a decoder determines a picture type of a picture and based on the picture type selectively skips or simplifies computation of co-located information for use in reconstructing direct prediction mode macroblocks outside the picture.
US08189658B2	Video-information encoding method and video-information decoding method A video-information encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus with a guarantee of a fixed processing time. By limiting the amount of data to be input into/output from a CABAC encoding unit and decoding unit on a unit-of-encoding basis, such as one picture, slice, macroblock or block, and by encoding uncompressed video data, it is possible to provide a video-information encoding apparatus and decoding apparatus with a guarantee of a fixed processing time. Thereby, an apparatus with a guarantee of the processing time can be mounted.
US08189656B2	High-fidelity motion summarisation method Disclosed is a method (800) and an apparatus (250) for generating a scaled motion vector for a particular output coding unit, the method comprising determining (802) statistics of motion data from an area-of-interest selecting (804) from a pre-defined set (805-807) of re-sampling filters a re-sampling filter dependent upon said determined statistics for the particular output coding unit, and applying the selected re-sampling filter to motion vectors from said area-of-interest to generate the scaled motion vector.
US08189654B2	Receiver A receiver in which computation is simplified can be obtained by using a common factor for filter coefficients of FIR filters corresponding to a plurality of transmitting antennas and by using only the middle column of an inverse matrix of a gain matrix when the common factor is computed.
US08189653B2	Radio receiver in a wireless communications system Techniques are described for optimizing processing facilities of a receiver in a wireless communication environment, taking into consideration processing performance set against the computing resources and/or power consumption required to obtain the processing performance. An embodiment of a radio receiver is described that includes a channel equalization means arranged to receive digital samples of an incoming signal and to generate an equalized output, said channel equalization means including means for processing said digital samples in accordance with an equalizer algorithm utilizing a set of equalizer parameters. The receiver can include means for estimating at least one parameter of a channel over which the signal has been received, and means for selecting at least one of said equalizer parameters based on at least one of said estimated channel parameters. Related methods, algorithms, and computer program products are also described.
US08189651B2	Measuring Hum in a digital TV signal The invention relates to a method for measuring Hum on a digital QAM carrier using a testing device for testing digital TV signals including a QAM demodulator therein, and to a testing device implementing the method. A micro-controller is used to sample a register associated with an AGC circuit in the QAM demodulator, and to process the collected register values to obtain one or more Hum characteristics.
US08189642B1	VCSEL semiconductor device A vertical surface emitting laser having a mesa structure formed with sloping side walls. A passivation layer including at least two sublayers at least partially covers the mesa structure. The at least two sublayers have differing stress components arranged to at least partially counter each other. By making the mesa structure with sloping side walls, the deposition of the passivation layer in such a way as to minimize the net stress of the passivation layer is facilitated. In addition, the mesa structure has a first stack of mirror layers comprising a semiconductor material doped with a first dopant and having first peripheral oxidized portions extending a first distance into said first stack, and a second stack of mirror layers comprising a semiconductor material doped with a second dopant and having second peripheral oxidized portions extending a second distance into said second stack, wherein the first distance is different from the second distance. By controlling the first distance and the second distance appropriately, the internal stress in the mesa structure can be reduced.
US08189641B2	Semiconductor device The semiconductor device includes: a base; a first mount placed on the bottom of the base; a second mount placed on the top of the base; a first light-emitting element placed on the bottom of the first mount; and a second light-emitting element placed on the top of the second mount for emitting light. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element are placed so that the emission direction of light from the second light-emitting element is at an angle of depression with respect to the emission direction of light from the first light-emitting element and that the emission direction of light from the first light-emitting element and the emission direction of light from the second light-emitting element substantially coincide with each other as viewed from above the base.
US08189637B2	Semiconductor light-emitting device and method for manufacturing the same A semiconductor light-emitting device includes an n-type cladding layer formed on a substrate, an active layer formed on the n-type cladding layer and including a well layer and a barrier layer, and a p-type cladding layer formed on the active layer. The well layer is made of an indium-containing nitride semiconductor, and has a hydrogen concentration greater than that of the n-type cladding layer and less than that of the p-type cladding layer.
US08189636B2	Electrical overstress event indicator on electronic circuitry Detecting electrical overstress events in electronic circuitry such as optical emitters. In one example embodiment, a laser includes an active area and a contact region in electrical communication with the active area. A portion of the contact region is configured to manifest a change in a visual attribute of the portion in response to exposure of the portion to an electrical overstress event.
US08189632B2	Laser emission device and image display device using the same A laser emission device comprises a plurality of laser elements, a plurality of laser driving power supplies, optical elements which uniformize the laser light amount distributions of laser lights, plural light-receiving elements, a measurement unit which measures at least the relations between the operation current values of the laser elements and the output power values of the laser lights with respect to the operation current values, and the control unit operates the laser driving power supplies according to the operation current values and the output power values so as to make the light output powers of the laser elements different from each other.
US08189631B2	External resonator-type wavelength tunable laser device The present invention provides an external resonator-type wavelength tunable laser device that can properly fulfill a wavelength tuning function even with the use of a planar wavelength tunable reflector involving a considerable level of residual reflection. The external resonator-type wavelength tunable laser device includes a planar reflection structure enabling a reflection spectral peak wavelength to be varied and a semiconductor element as a semiconductor gain medium. The semiconductor gain medium is composed of a multiple quantum well in which product Γ·L of optical confinement constant Γ and semiconductor gain medium length L (μm) of a gain layer is at least 25 μm and at most 40 μm and in which gain peak wavelength λ0 (nm) observed during carrier injected with a maximum modal gain equal to an internal loss of the semiconductor gain medium is larger than −3·ΔR/2+(λc+35) and smaller than (−(Γ·L)/7+8)·ΔR+(−(Γ·L)+λc+45). Here, ΔR (dB) denotes a reflectance difference, and λc (nm) denotes a wavelength at a center of an operating wavelength range of the wavelength tunable laser device.
US08189628B2	Mapping multiple services into a single radio bearer in LTE and single tunnel GPRS In a wireless communication system, a wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) adapted to bundle a plurality of services into radio access bearer (RAB) in an uplink signal and unbundle a plurality of services from a RAB in a downlink signal. The WTRU is adapted to communicate with a plurality of services through a communications tunnel.
US08189627B2	System and method for digital communications using multiple parallel encoders A system for processing wireless high definition video data to be transmitted in an uncompressed format over a wireless medium is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system includes i) a Reed Solomon (RS) encoder configured to encode a video data stream, ii) a parser configured to parse the RS encoded data stream into a plurality of sub-video data streams, iii) a plurality of convolutional encoders configured to encode in parallel the plurality of sub-video data streams so as to create a plurality of encoded data streams and iv) a multiplexer configured to input the plurality of encoded data streams and output a multiplexed data stream, wherein the multiplexed data stream is transmitted. One embodiment of the invention provides strong error protection for data communications at very high throughput, and makes parallel Viterbi decoding implementation easier at the receiver side.
US08189613B2	High-frequency component A high-frequency component includes a diplexer in which a high-pass filter and a low-pass filter are connected in parallel with an antenna port, a high-frequency circuit cascade-connected to the high-pass filter, and a low-frequency circuit cascade-connected to the low-pass filter. A filter which causes an impedance mismatch to occur is connected to the low-frequency circuit. The low-pass filter includes a line. The low-pass filter is defined by a parallel resonant circuit including the line and a series circuit including the line. A resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit is a trap frequency of a high-frequency transmission/reception signal. A resonant frequency of all elements of the low-pass filter is a trap frequency of undesired resonance that occurs at high frequencies.
US08189610B2	Resource management and recursive path computation for real-time automatic path setup at multi-layer transport network A recursive path computation method is disclosed to integratedly manage resources required for a computation of a data transmission path in a multi-layer transport network to enable automatic real time allocation of lower layer resources required for processing a path request when resources required for a path computation of each layer are not sufficient or when resources have not been previously allocated. A network path request service over multiple layers can be quickly performed, and utilization efficiency of network resources can be maximized.
US08189609B2	Inter-carrier management of messaging groups A system and method to enable the efficient distribution of group messages sent from a mobile device that receives service from one telecommunications carrier, to groups of mobile devices that receive service from one or more other telecommunications carriers. A mobile device user or system operator generates a group distribution list for messages that are to be sent to two or more other users. The group distribution list is provided to a message distribution system that is comprised of distribution agents that are associated with each telecommunications carrier. Each distribution agent is responsible for routing a group message to those mobile devices that receive service from the associated telecommunications carrier.
US08189608B2	Wireless extender secure discovery and provisioning According to embodiments of the invention, a first wireless access point discovers a second wireless access point, the first wireless access point tunes its radio and privacy settings, without user input, based upon parameters automatically exchanged in response to the discovery of the second wireless access point, and a secure direct wireless connection is established between the first and second wireless access points using the radio and privacy settings. Adding the first wireless to an existing mesh network includes a determination of the best available direct wireless connection.
US08189606B2	Network device and method for local routing of data traffic The present invention is related to a network device for serving a local network being in connection with a mobile network. The network device comprises interfaces for exchanging a data packet and further comprises a packet filter arranged for being connected to a local anchor point replicating the data connection context of an anchor point in the mobile network and arranged for determining, based on at least a destination address contained in the data packet, whether the data packet has a destination within the local network.
US08189604B2	Use of wireless circuit-switched connections for transferring information requiring real-time operation of packet-switched multimedia services A system includes a terminal, a wireless access network, a multimedia core network and a network device, which connects the wireless access network to the multimedia core network, expanded location updating to the registration procedure of the multimedia core network, and performs double registration of the user to the multimedia core network. The terminal performs expanded location updating relaying the registration point identity of the multimedia core network, the user's phone number and the private user identity to the network device in connection with normal location updating signaling. In the double registration performed by the network device, two addresses are registered for the user of the terminal, one of which is associated with the domain name of the terminal in question or a numeric IP address, and the other to a domain name of the network device or a numeric IP address.
US08189603B2	PCI express to PCI express based low latency interconnect scheme for clustering systems PCI Express is a Bus or I/O interconnect standard for use inside the computer or embedded system enabling faster data transfers to and from peripheral devices. The standard is still evolving but has achieved a degree of stability such that other applications can be implemented using PCIE as basis. A PCIE based interconnect scheme to enable switching and inter-connection between external systems, such that the scalability can be applied to enable data transport between connected systems to form a cluster of systems is proposed. These connected systems can be any computing or embedded system. The scalability of the interconnect will allow the cluster to grow the bandwidth between the systems as they become necessary without changing to a different connection architecture.
US08189601B2	Communication apparatus and method for terminating a maintenance message A communication apparatus is disclosed for receiving one or more frames from a network. The communication apparatus includes a first determining part configured to search a first table by using a VLAN identifier included in one of the frames, a second determining part configured to search a second table by referring to a search result of the first determining part and using an OAM identifier included in the one of the frames, a selecting part configured to determine whether the one of the frames is an OAM frame according to the search result of the second determining part, and a terminating part configured to terminate the one of the frames determined as the OAM frame by the selecting part.
US08189597B2	Pipeline scheduler with fairness and minimum bandwidth guarantee A pipeline scheduler provides a minimum bandwidth guarantee by transporting cells from an input port to an output port in a two-phased approach. Cells that conform to a minimum cell rate (MCR) are selected from queues at the input port and arranged into supercells for transport to the output port, followed by nonconforming cells, to guarantee fairness by using scheduling modules to build the supercells first for conforming cells, and then for nonconforming cells. Reservation vectors are used to permit the same time slot of the next frame to be reserved by a first queue, and the same time slot of the following time frame to be held for reservation by a second queue, to ensure equal time slot access by the first and second queues over successive time frames.
US08189590B1	Cascaded load balancing A first network device and a second network device for forwarding data units are included in a network. The second network device is configured to receive data units from the first network device via an output interface from the first network device. Each of the network devices is further configured to form a first value derived from information pertaining to a received data unit, perform a function on the first value to provide a second value, wherein the function of the first network device is different from the function of the second network device when forwarding a same data unit, select an output interface based on the second value, and forward a received data unit via an interface.
US08189586B2	Plural telecommunications functions having sharing transaction(s) A node of a telecommunications network comprises a first function configured to perform a first operation on a first portion of a packet handled by the node and a second function configured to perform a second operation on a second portion of the packet. The first function and the second function are configured to employ a shared transaction for operating on the packet whereby, by virtue of the shared transaction, after performance of the first operation and the second operation, the packet has less overhead attributable to the first function and the second function than if the shared transaction had not been employed in performance of the first operation and the second operation.
US08189585B2	Techniques for virtual private network fast convergence An apparatus for VPN fast convergence in MPLS networks is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a first memory portion, a second memory portion, and a first logic for programming the memory portions. The first memory portion comprises a plurality of first data structures, where each of the plurality of first data structures includes an IGP label and an adjacency identifier that identifies one of a plurality of outgoing interfaces associated with the apparatus, where each IGP label indicates a Label Switched Path (LSP) through a network. The second memory portion comprises a plurality of second data structures, where each of the plurality of second data structures includes a network address identifier, a VPN label associated with the network address identifier, and a pointer that indicates one of the plurality of first data structures in the first memory portion, where each VPN label identifies a VPN that is reachable over the network.
US08189584B2	Multicast traffic management in a network interface A method for filtering in a network interface of a computer system multicast packets in a manner that reduces or obviates altogether the processing of unwanted multicast packets by the processing unit of the computer system. Filtering in the network interface is accomplished by the network interface accessing multicast traffic request information originating in the computer system and comparing the accessed information with the multicast destination address and IP source address of packets received in the network interface.
US08189582B2	Multicast supported virtual local area network switching system and method thereof A multicast-supported virtual local area network switching system and a method thereof comprise a switching engine, a CPU unit, further comprising a mapping storage unit for storing the mapping relationship of the virtual local area network and the multicast stream pushed to the switching system by it, and a switching table storage unit for storing the corresponding relation between ingress virtual local area network and egress virtual local area network; the switching engine receives the internet group management protocol message from the user virtual local area network and transmits the message to the CPU unit for processing, if it is Internet group management protocol join/leave message, the CPU unit looks up the mapping storage unit and forwards it in the looked-up multicast virtual local area network; the switching engine receives the Internet group management protocol messages or multicast data frames from the multicast virtual local area network and forwards them in the looked-up user virtual local area network by looking up the switching table storage unit.
US08189580B2	Method for blocking host in IPv6 network Disclosed herein are methods of searching for a host in a network using IPv4 and of blocking and searching a host in an IPv6 network which blocking access to an unauthorized network. The present invention provides a method of searching for a host in an IPv6 network, including the steps of requesting host information, including link-layer address information and IP address information about an IP to be searched for, by sending a Neighbor Solicitation (NS) packet in which the IP to be searched for is set in an ICMPv6 target address to the network, after sending the NS packet, waiting for a predetermined time by taking a processing speed of a host and a transfer rate according to a network environment and state into consideration, after the predetermined time of waiting, determining whether a Neighbor Advertisement (NA) packet of the IP to be searched for has been received, and if, as a result of the determination, the NA packet of the IP to be searched for is determined to have been received, acquiring the host information from the NA packet.
US08189577B2	Network utilities in wireless mesh communications networks Methods and systems for providing a network and routing protocol for utility services are disclosed. A method includes discovering a utility network. Neighboring nodes are discovered and the node listens for advertised routes for networks from the neighbors. The node is then registered with one or more utility networks, receiving a unique address for each network registration. Each upstream node can independently make forwarding decisions on both upstream and downstream packets, i.e., choose the next hop according to the best information available to it. The node can sense transient link problems, outage problems and traffic characteristics. Information is used to find the best route out of and within each network. Each network node maintains multi-egress, multi-ingress network routing options both for itself and the node(s) associated with it. The node is capable of several route maintenance functions utilizing the basic routing protocol and algorithms.
US08189576B2	Systems and methods for processing packets with multiple engines A system includes an input device configured to receive a packet having a header and a packet processing device. The packet processing device is configured to examine the header, identify at least one function from a group of functions based on at least a portion of the header, where the group of functions includes an index table lookup function, a filtering function, and a longest best match lookup function, perform the identified at least one function for the packet to obtain a result, and forward the packet using the result.
US08189574B2	Method and device for providing communication services Technology for providing subscribers with communication services in accordance with their agreements with a service provider, that comprises: a) determining a plurality of subscribers to be connected to the service provider via a distribution unit located in an access network; b) selecting a default advanced broadband technology (DABT) for the distribution unit; c) in the distribution unit, providing a plurality of communication devices to reserve for each of the plurality of subscribers, irrespective of their agreements reached with the service provider, an individual communication link for supplying broadband communication services based on the selected DABT; while d) enabling each of the plurality of subscribers to receive services in accordance with their respective agreements with the service provider.
US08189573B2	Method and apparatus for configuring at least one port in a switch to be an upstream port or a downstream port A method and apparatus are described herein for configuring at least one port in a switch to be an upstream port or a downstream port based, at least in part, on a control signal. If a component includes both a switch and an endpoint, the method and apparatus support configuration of the endpoint to either couple to an upstream port or to a downstream port. In one embodiment, this method and apparatus are used with PCI Express interconnects.
US08189572B2	Systems and methods for resetting a network device A network device includes a data store with first and second parameters, the first parameter affecting a communication operation of the network device and the second parameter affecting a security operation of the network device. A device reset function enables a user to selectively and independently refresh the first and second parameters. For example, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) device user can restore a default communications configuration of the SIP device while preserving the device decryption key.
US08189568B2	System and method for location management and emergency support for a voice over internet protocol device In a particular embodiment a system and method for processing a call in a Voice over internet protocol (VoIP) network are disclosed. The method includes receiving the call associated with a private identifier (PRID) at a server, classifying a call location based on the PRID and sending the call from the server to a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) with a call back number associated with the PRID. The system includes a first server interface for receiving a message containing a PRID associated with the call, a second server interface to access the data base for searching for the PRID in the data structure; a third server interface to receive an output from the database indicating whether a PRID has been found in the data structure; and a fourth server interface to send the call to a PSAP.
US08189566B2	Software based trading turret A communications system including a turret switching system constructed to communicate to a Web server, a turret device, and to a remote communications device via a first communications network, the Web server being constructed to communicate to a client device via a second communications network, and the client device constructed to control switching across a plurality of lines.
US08189561B2	Method and system for power-limited switching and/or routing in a network Communication devices may determine routes and/or may select a route for communicating data between a first communication device and a second communication device. The selected route may require the least power consumption. The determined routes may be ranked based on an amount of power required for routing the data. The data may be routed among devices based on the ranking. Power consumption of a device may be determined based on a bandwidth associated with the device. Route selection may be based on availability of power for power sources of the communication devices. The selection of routes may be based on a current power consumption and/or a history of prior power consumption of the communication devices. The selection of a route which may require least power consumption may be optimized based on the availability of bandwidth.
US08189556B2	Packet transmitting method in mobile communication system Disclosed in a mobile communication system, and more particularly a method of re-transmitting data through a reverse link in a packet data system using ARQ (automatic repeat request) and a packet transmitting method and apparatus by which transmission efficiency is enhanced. The present invention discloses a method for re-transmitting data through a reverse link in Packet Data communication system using automatic repeat request (ARQ) adjusting data retransmission energy to be reduced at a predetermined ratio of one receiving energy for an initial data transmission to other receiving energy for a data re-transmission. The present invention also discloses a hybrid automatic repeat request system for packet transmission in which separate traffic-to-pilot power ratios are assigned to sub-packets when transmitting the sub-packets formed from one packet.
US08189551B2	Mobile station traffic routing Devices, networks and methods relating to routing gateway traffic in a mesh network for wireless access. A mesh network has multiple nodes in at least one gateway node through which all incoming and outgoing data traffic pass through. The nodes provide wireless access to wireless and user devices, each of which is associated with a node in the mesh network. Each gateway node contains a record detailing which nodes are providing wireless access to which wireless end user device and which nodes are associated with which end user devices. This record of each end user device's location is periodically updated as the gateway node periodically receives data from the nodes which detail the device is being serviced by which node. Any incoming data traffic destined for an end user device is encapsulated and routed to the proper node servicing that end user device.
US08189548B2	Authorizing access to telecommunications networks for mobile devices, such as mobile devices accessing networks via non-traditional entry points A system and method for authorizing mobile devices to carrier networks via non-traditional entry points is described. In some examples, the system reviews a registration message sent during establishment of a communication session between the mobile device and the carrier's network to determine the type of access network used by the mobile device. In some cases, the system may identify the base station controller originating the registration message when determining whether the access request came from an IP-based network or other non-traditional entry point.
US08189544B2	Method of creating security associations in mobile IP networks A key distribution scheme is provided, which is useful for establishing, distributing, and maintaining security associations in a Mobile IP network. An authentication server performs an initial validation of a new session and generates a root key which it delivers to the initial access gateway and to the home agent. The initial access gateway and the home agent each independently compute a derivative key available only to themselves. The initial access gateway, acting as proxy for the mobile station, uses the derivative key to sign the Mobile IP registration or binding update transactions, and sends the signed registration or binding update to the home agent for validation. Once the session is established between the mobile station and the home agent, the access gateways act as proxies on behalf of the mobile station to maintain the session mobility. In handoff, the new access gateway acquires the root key as part of the transferred session context. The new access gateway, acting as proxy for the mobile station, computes a new derivative key from the root key and uses it to sign a binding update.
US08189540B2	Method and apparatus for high rate packet data transmission Methods and apparatus used in a wireless communication system. A data request message may be periodically transmitting by a mobile station to a base station. The data request message may provide information about orthogonal codes to be used by the base station to communicate with the mobile station. The mobile station may receive data transmitted by the base station, the data being transmitted by the base station based on the information about the orthogonal codes provided in the data request message. The information about the orthogonal codes may be based on a quality measure made by the mobile station on a forward link pilot channel from the base station to the mobile station.
US08189539B2	System and method for frequency diversity A system and method for frequency diversity uses interleaving. Subcarriers of an interlace are interleaved in a bit reversal fashion and the interlaces are interleaved in the bit reversal fashion.
US08189537B2	Method for reconfiguring radio link in wireless communication system There is provided a method for enabling a user equipment to reconfigure a radio link in a wireless communication system. The method includes receiving a radio link reconfiguration message by a higher layer, requesting a lower layer to respond to the radio link reconfiguration message, configuring a response message for the radio link reconfiguration message, the response message decodable by the lower layer and transmitting the response message.
US08189531B2	Wireless communication system, wireless base station, and wireless communication control method A wireless communication system is disclosed that includes plural wireless base stations that act as an origin wireless base station and a destination wireless base station, and a wireless mobile station. The origin wireless base station starts a handover process in response to movement of the wireless mobile station, attaches a header including transfer order information to transmission packet data addressed to the wireless mobile station, and transfers the transmission packet data with the header to the destination wireless base station. The destination wireless base station receives the transmission packet data with the header, determines whether a transfer order of the transmission packet data is correct based on the transfer order information included in the header, deletes the header from the transmission packet data upon determining that the transfer order is correct, and transmits the transmission packet data without the header to the wireless mobile station upon completion of the handover process.
US08189528B2	Base station and method for use therein A base station includes a multicast group administration unit administering a multicast group to which a mobile station belongs, a timing determination unit determining an inter-frequency measurement timing when the mobile station measures a signal having a frequency different from a frequency for a residing cell of the mobile station, and a transmission unit transmitting data. The timing determination unit assigns an uniform inter-frequency measurement timing for at least two mobile stations belonging to the same multicast group. The transmission unit transmits data to a mobile station within the multicast so as to avoid the inter-frequency measurement timing.
US08189527B2	Apparatus and method for allocating resources in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access mobile communication system A method for receiving resources allocated from a base station by a terminal in an OFDMA mobile communication system. The method includes receiving, for a data channel, a number of first components, which indicates an amount of resources used with a first resource allocation scheme, and a number of second components, which indicates an amount of resources used with a second resource allocation scheme, from the base station over a common control channel; determining first and second identifier lengths of channel elements for the first and second resource allocation schemes according to the number of first components and the number of second components; receiving resource allocation information including an identifier indicating at least one channel element allocated to the terminal, over a data control channel using one of the identifier lengths; and transmitting and receiving data over a resource of a channel element indicated by the received identifier.
US08189525B2	Solution for INE/HO LB bottle neck A system and method for reducing an initial network entry and/or handover (INE/HO) Link Budget (LB) Bottleneck in a communications network, for example, a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) network described in the IEEE 802.16 specification, is arranged such that a Base Station (BS) may allocate bandwidth with repetition across at least two frames on Initial Network Entry/Handover (INE/HO) by a Mobile Station. By doing so, the BS may achieve increased system gain on INE, while reducing the number of subchannels conventionally associated with repetition, thereby reducing the system noise floor during INE/HO.
US08189521B2	Mobile station, base station, and method A disclosed mobile station is designed to send or receive at least a control channel using a given frequency in a first operating mode and to tune to a frequency different from the given frequency and perform a neighboring cell search in a second operating mode. The mobile station includes a measuring unit configured to obtain a measurement of radio channel quality at a measurement interval; and a determining unit configured to compare the measurement and a threshold and to select one of the first operating mode and the second operating mode based on the result of comparison. The mobile station allows a base station to recognize the operating mode of the mobile station either by preventing reporting of the measurement lower than the threshold to the base station or by transmitting a signal indicating the selected operating mode to the base station.
US08189513B2	Radio base station apparatus and base station controller The invention provides a radio base station apparatus forming a wireless zone in a mobile communication system and to a base station controller performing channel control over a terminal visiting a wireless zone. The radio base station apparatus has an identifying section identifying a particular radio base station that is to maintain a radio channel between the radio base station apparatus and a terminal during a process of diversity handover, a network interface section delivering a signal to a network if a local station is not the particular radio base station, and an inter-office interface section delivering to the network a composite wave of the signal and a signal having arrived and forwarded from the terminal via the radio channel at a radio base station forming a wireless zone adjacent to a wireless zone formed by the local station if the local station is the particular radio base station.
US08189511B2	Media exchange network supporting remote peripheral access Systems and methods that provide remote access are described. In one embodiment, a system may include, for example, a plurality of communication devices and a media device. The plurality of communication devices may be operatively coupled to a network and may include, for example, a native communication device. The media device may be operatively coupled to the native communication device and the network. The media device may be associated with the native communication device and the network and may be capable of exchanging media content with the plurality of communication devices and the network. A profile of the media device may be stored in at least one of the media device and the native communication device. The profile may include, for example, information related to managing the media content when the media device is roaming.
US08189510B2	Mobile IP communication system A mobile IP communication system includes a home agent 1 and a plurality of foreign agents 6a-6c. The home agent 1 manages the location of a mobile node 4. The mobile node 4 transmits a location registration request to the foreign agent 6a. The foreign agent 6a transmits the location registration request to the home agent 1 via a path routed trough a router R1, in accordance with a routing table. When there is congestion in the path routed through the router R1, the foreign agent 6a transfers the location registration request to the foreign agent 6b. The foreign agent 6b transfers the location registration request to the home agent 1.
US08189505B2	Transmission power control method and mobile station The present invention avoids deterioration in the radio quality caused by a transmission interruption of uplink user data, by periodically controlling an outer loop transmission power. A transmission power control method according to the present invention includes: determining, at a radio network controller RNC, a transmission period and notifying the determined transmission period to a mobile station UE; transmitting, at the mobile station UE, an outer loop control signal in the determined transmission period through a data channel, even when uplink user data to be transmitted through the data channel does not exist; measuring, at a radio base station Node B, a reception quality of the data channel and determining the measurement result to the radio network controller RNC; determining, at the radio network controller RNC, the transmission offset of the data channel based on the measurement result and notifying the determined transmission power offset to the mobile station UE; and controlling, at the mobile station UE, the transmission power of the uplink user data to be transmitted through the data channel by using the transmission power offset.
US08189494B2	System and method for merging clusters of wireless nodes in a wireless network A system includes a first cluster having multiple first wireless nodes. One first node is configured to act as a first cluster master, and other first nodes are configured to receive time synchronization information provided by the first cluster master. The system also includes a second cluster having one or more second wireless nodes. One second node is configured to act as a second cluster master, and any other second nodes configured to receive time synchronization information provided by the second cluster master. The system further includes a manager configured to merge the clusters into a combined cluster. One of the nodes is configured to act as a single cluster master for the combined cluster, and the other nodes are configured to receive time synchronization information provided by the single cluster master.
US08189486B2	Method and system for providing holistic, iterative, rule-based traffic management An approach is provided for monitoring traffic over a network link that is used to provide one or more services to one or more customers. A determination is made regarding whether a failure mode of the network link has occurred by comparing the monitored traffic to predetermined bandwidth criteria. A corrective action to be taken in response to the failure mode is selected, where selection of the corrective action to be taken is determined based on the failure mode. Further corrective actions selected iteratively from a predetermined list of successive actions are applied until the failure modes are addressed.
US08189479B1	Congestion control for wireless sensor networks A system for congestion control for a wireless sensor network comprises a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to determine a level of congestion at one or more nodes and indicate an adjustment to network traffic in response to the level of congestion. The adjustment to the network traffic reduces the level of congestion at the one or more nodes. The memory is coupled to the processor and configured to provide instructions to the processor.
US08189478B2	Method for the optimized transmission of data bursts between a sending and a receiving network node The invention relates to an optical data burst transmission method. An emitted network node obtains, together with a confirmation signal, information regarding the length of time of after which blocking no longer occurs and/or information indicating when the connection path is free. The emitted network node can be immediately emitted after an actual emitted data burst, another data burst and after other bursts. As a result, waiting time between the bursts is prevented and the available transmission capacity is used in an optimal manner. The probability of blocking is also reduced as is the necessary signaling information.
US08189476B1	Dynamic trunk distribution on egress A method, apparatus, and system are directed toward managing network traffic over a plurality of Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Level 2 switch ports. A network traffic is received over the plurality of OSI Level 2 switch ports. At least a part of the network traffic is categorized into a flow. The categorization may be based on a IP address, an OSI Level 4 port, a protocol type, a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) number, or the like, associated with the network traffic. One of the plurality of OSI Level 2 switch ports is selected based on a load-balancing metric. The load-balancing metric may be a priority of the flow, a congestion characteristic, a prediction of a load usage for the flow, a combination thereof, or the like. A frame associated with the flow is sent over the selected one of the plurality of OSI Level 2 switch ports.
US08189470B2	Communication apparatus and device, communication apparatus control method Provided is a communication apparatus by which a user can simply set a transmission quality in a network and QoS control effectively functions. QoS type receiving sections (11, 21, 31, 41) are arranged in communication apparatuses (10, 20, 30, 40) on a network, and a user is permitted to specify a QoS type to be requested to the communication apparatuses (10, 20, 30, 40), by operating the QoS type receiving sections (11, 21, 31, 41). When the communication apparatuses (10, 20, 30, 40) perform communication, the network is controlled to ensure the QoS corresponding to the QoS type received by the QoS type receiving sections (11, 21, 31, 41).
US08189469B2	Graceful degradation for communication services over wired and wireless networks A method for gracefully extending the range and/or capacity of voice communication systems is disclosed. The method involves the persistent storage of voice media on a communication device. When the usable bit rate on the network is poor and below that necessary for conducting a live conversation, voice media is transmitted and received by the communication device at the available usable bit rate on the network. Although latency may be introduced, the persistent storage of both transmitted and received media of a conversation provides the ability to extend the useful range of wireless networks beyond what is required for live conversations. In addition, the capacity and robustness in not being affected by external interferences for both wired and wireless communications is improved.
US08189463B2	Method for realizing backpressure of masses of ports and device thereof A method for realizing backpressure of masses of ports and a device realizing the method are disclosed. The method for realizing backpressure of masses of ports includes: detecting whether user data transmitted to a channelized physical port reaches a backpressure threshold, generating an idle frame or a series of idle frames when the backpressure threshold is reached; combining the idle frame with the user data which needs to be transmitted to the channelized physical port reaching the backpressure threshold, and transmitting the combined data; discarding the idle frame before the combined data enters the channelized physical port. The idle frame is employed in the present invention to realize the backpressure. The idle frame occupies some of the transmission bandwidth and reduces the bandwidth of user data, while the idle frame does not enter the physical port. Therefore, the aim of backpressure is achieved. The bandwidth of idle frame can be pre-configured according to the requirements. After the idle frame is generated, its bandwidth can be increased or decreased smoothly based on the existence of the backpressure. The control is very easy and convenient.
US08189461B2	Cluster bring-up in a distributed topology liveness system A method is provided for establishing clusters in a distributed data processing environment having a plurality of nodes. The frequency of messages sent for the purpose of cluster formation is selected based on ranking of the nodes. Higher ranking nodes transmit such messages more frequently than lower ranking nodes. Lower ranked nodes thus are provided with an opportunity to join a cluster without first having to transmit their own messages to effectuate the joining.
US08189458B2	Monitoring system, monitoring device, monitored device, and monitoring method A monitored device in a monitoring system sends a notification indicating device ID of a real computer and a real-MAC address thereof in advance to a monitoring device. The monitored device determines the real-MAC address corresponding to the computer in advance on the basis of the real-MAC address and an IP address of the computer and, when a failure occurs in any of the computers, also sends a notification indicating failure information including the virtual-MAC address and the IP address to the monitoring device. The monitoring device in the monitoring system obtains the real-MAC address on the basis of the IP address and the virtual-MAC address in the failure information, groups the failure information on the basis of the obtained real-MAC address, correlates the grouped failure information with the device ID, and outputs the correlated ID.
US08189456B2	Apparatus for and method of minimizing backoff for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing transmission A novel and useful mechanism for reducing the required backoff and the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) needed for an OFDM transmitter whiles still meeting spectral mask and EVM specifications. The mechanism searches, for each packet to be transmitted, for several possible scrambler and encryption sequences that would yield the best spectral mask and EVM with lowest PAPR. The search can be performed using the existing transmitter and receiver PHY circuit chain to modulate and demodulate the candidate hypotheses. Once the scrambler sequence and/or encryption sequence is selected, the packet is transmitted using the selected scrambler and encryption sequences. In addition, the invention exploits the fact that even for very low backoff margins, a reduced number of candidate hypotheses may be tested while still yielding a high probability of meet the spectral mask and EVM specifications.
US08189452B2	Manufacturing method for optical recording medium, optical recording medium, optical information device, and information reproducing method Shape-wise thicknesses of a cover layer and first through (N−1)th intermediate layers of an optical recording medium having refractive indexes nr1, nr2 are converted into thicknesses t1, t2 of the respective layers having a predetermined refractive index which makes a divergent amount equal to a divergent amount of a light beam resulting from the thicknesses tr1, tr2, a difference DFF between the sum of a thickness “ti” through a thickness “tj”, and the sum of a thickness “tk” through a thickness “tm” is set to 1 μm or more (where i, j, k, and m are each any positive integer satisfying i≦j≦k≦m≦N), and the thicknesses t1, t2 are calculated by products of a function f(n) expressed by the following formula (1), and the thicknesses tr1, tr2: f(n)=−1.088n3+6.1027n2−12.042n+9.1007 (1) in the formula (1), n=nr1, nr2, . . . , and nrN.
US08189450B2	Method and apparatus providing high density chalcogenide-based data storage A data storage device and methods for storing and reading data are provided. The data storage device includes a data storage medium and second device. The data storage medium has an insulating layer, a first electrode layer over the insulating layer and at least one layer of resistance variable material over the first electrode layer. The second device includes a substrate and at least one conductive point configured to electrically contact the data storage medium.
US08189448B2	Optical information recording/reproducing apparatus and objective optical system for the same An objective optical system for an optical information recording/reproducing apparatus for recording/reproducing for first, second and third optical discs by selectively using three types of substantially collimated light beams including first, second and third light beams respectively having first, second and third wavelengths, wherein at least one of optical surfaces of the objective optical system comprises a diffraction surface having a diffraction structure, the diffraction surface includes a first region defined by first and second optical path difference functions, a second region defined by at least one type of optical path difference function, and a third region defined by at least one type of optical path difference function, the first region satisfies a condition: −0.15
US08189444B2	Optical information recording medium and optical information processing apparatus This invention allows super-resolution reproduction with which a better bER value is attainable, when information is recorded by a random pattern including a mark length not longer than a resolution limit, by use of a highly versatile signal decoding method.Information is recorded as marks and spaces coded by RLL(1, 7) modulation, which each of the marks and spaces have one of a plurality of lengths, and 2T marks and 2T spaces of the marks and spaces being formed are shorter than 0.12 μm. An information recording layer (20) includes a reproduction film (21) and a reflective film (22) which are provided in this order from a side from which reproducing light is incident, which reproduction film is made of (i) zinc oxide, (ii) strontium titanate, (iii) titanium oxide, (iv) cerium oxide, or (v) a material including at least one of the (i) through (iv), and which reflective film is made of tantalum or titanium.
US08189442B2	Recording/reproducing device including recording parameter setting device, and nontransitory computer-readable medium storing program for causing computer to operate as the same A recording parameter setting device includes a trial recording parameter setting section and a reproduced signal quality judging section. The trial recording parameter setting section sets a trial recording parameter capable of controlling a heat level at least rear edges of recording marks, classified in accordance with recording mark lengths, and grouping a predetermined recording mark length or longer into a same group. The reproduced signal quality judging section judges whether a trial recording carried out in accordance with the trial recording parameter satisfies a predetermined reproduced signal quality. If the signal quality is unsatisfactory, the trial recording parameters of the predetermined recording mark length or longer are regrouped and trial recording is carried out again until the reproduced signal satisfies the predetermined signal quality. Then, the reproduced signal quality judging section sets the trial recording parameter as the recording parameter.
US08189441B2	Method of recognizing track pitch of optical disk A method of recognizing a track pitch of an optical disk, adapted for an optical disk player, is provided. The method includes the steps of driving an optical pickup head to a predetermined position, so that the optical pickup head and the spindle motor are a predetermined distance apart, reading a data sector address, and recognizing the magnitude of the track pitch of the optical disk according to the value of the data sector address.
US08189435B2	Spherical aberration detecting device and an optical pickup device including same A photoreceiver includes: a first light-receiving section divided into two regions by a border extending in a radial direction, and is disposed in a portion where it can receive a +1st order diffraction ray of the main beam from the polarization hologram, so as to detect a spherical aberration; a second light-receiving section is divided into two regions by a border extending in the radial direction, and is disposed in a portion where it can receive a +1st order diffraction ray of the first sub-beam from the polarization hologram, so as to detect a spherical aberration; and a third light-receiving section is divided into two regions by a border extending in the radial direction, and is disposed in a portion where it can receive a +1st order diffraction ray of the second sub-beam from the polarization hologram, so as to detect a spherical aberration. The second and third light-receiving sections are laid out such that an end of the second light-receiving section along the tangential direction and an opposite end of the third light-receiving section along the tangential direction are aligned on a straight line extending in the tangential direction across the first light-receiving section.
US08189434B2	Optical pickup unit and optical pickup device having same and information writing/reading device having same An optical pickup device includes: a splitting section for splitting a beam; a light-receiving section for receiving the split beams. The light-receiving section includes: a tracking-use main light-receiving region and tracking-use sub light-receiving regions, and auxiliary light-receiving regions. Each of the auxiliary light-receiving regions receives only a light beam reflected off a recording layer other than a recording layer subjected to an information writing/reading process. A light-receiving area of each of the auxiliary light-receiving area is smaller than a light-receiving area of each tracking-use light-receiving region. Further, an optical pickup device includes: a splitting section for splitting a beam; and a light-receiving section for receiving the split beams. The light-receiving section includes a sub light-receiving regions for receiving tracking-use sub beams. The tracking-use sub beams are arranged so as not to allow entering of a focusing-use main beam reflected off a non-targeted recording layer.
US08189431B2	Piezoelectric drive device and electronic device A piezoelectric drive device includes a piezoelectric actuator and a rotation transfer device. The piezoelectric actuator includes a vibrator and a rotor that is rotated in one specific direction by the vibrator. The rotation transfer device transmits rotational energy from the rotor to a driven rotating body, and includes an elastic device that stores rotational energy and a rotation limiting device having a drive wheel and a driven wheel. The rotation transfer device allows the driven wheel to rotate a specific angle, and restricts driving the drive wheel. The elastic device and the rotation limiting device are disposed so that rotational energy transmitted from the rotor is transmitted through one to the other of the elastic device and the rotation limiting device. The rotor, the elastic device, and the rotation limiting device render a serial path for transmitting rotational energy.
US08189430B2	Electronic apparatus operable by external sound An apparatus includes sound sensors for converting sounds into electric signals. An angular position of a sound source of a first sound wave as seen from the apparatus is determined on the basis of moments of arrival of the first sound wave at the respective sound sensors which are represented by the electric signals. An angular position of a sound source of a second sound wave as seen from the apparatus is determined on the basis of moments of arrival of the second sound wave at the respective sound sensors which are represented by the electric signals. Calculation is given of a relative angle between the determined angular position of the sound source of the first sound wave and the determined angular position of the sound source of the second sound wave. A condition of the apparatus is controlled in response to the calculated relative angle.
US08189429B2	Microphone proximity detection A mobile communications device contains at least two microphones. One microphone is located away from the handset receiver and serves to pick up voice of a near end user of the device for transmission to the other party during a call. Another microphone is located near the handset receiver and serves to pick up acoustic output of the handset receiver (a far end signal). A signal processor measures the frequency response of the receiver. The signal processor performs spectral analysis of the receiver frequency response to determine whether or not the device is being held at the ear of the user. On that basis, the device automatically changes its operating mode, e.g., turns on or off a touch sensitive display screen during the call. Other embodiments are also described.
US08189427B2	Clutter signal filtering for doppler signal Embodiments for filtering clutter signal from Doppler signal in an ultrasound system are disclosed. In one embodiment, a Doppler signal acquiring unit may transmit and receive ultrasound signals to and from a target object to acquire Doppler signal. A signal processing unit performs filtering upon the Doppler signal by using a first clutter filter having a first cutoff frequency and compute an input signal power to filtered input signal power rate (IFR) for the Doppler signal. The signal processing unit is further configured to be responsive to the IFR to modulate the Doppler signal and perform filtering upon the modulated Doppler signal by using the first clutter filter or to perform filtering the Doppler signal by using a second clutter filter having a second cutoff frequency.
US08189426B2	Earth analysis methods, subsurface feature detection methods, earth analysis devices, and articles of manufacture Earth analysis methods, subsurface feature detection methods, earth analysis devices, and articles of manufacture are described. According to one embodiment, an earth analysis method includes engaging a device with the earth, analyzing the earth in a single substantially lineal direction using the device during the engaging, and providing information regarding a subsurface feature of the earth using the analysis.
US08189423B2	256 Meg dynamic random access memory A 256 Meg dynamic random access memory is comprised of a plurality of cells organized into individual arrays, with the arrays being organized into 32 Meg array blocks, which are organized into 64 Meg quadrants. In certain of the gap cells, multiplexers are provided to transfer signals from I/O lines to datalines. A power bus is provided which minimizes routing of externally supplied voltages, completely rings each of the array blocks, and provides gridded power distribution within each of the array blocks. A plurality of power supplies are organized to match their power output to the power demand and to maintain a desired ratio of power production capability and decoupling capacitance. A powerup sequence circuit is provided to control the powerup of the chip.
US08189416B2	Semiconductor memory device The semiconductor memory device includes a first memory cell connected between a first word line and a bit line. The semiconductor memory device may also include a second memory cell connected between a second word line and an inverted bit line. Additionally, the memory device may include a precharger configured to charge the bit line and the inverted bit line to a first voltage before a read operation, a first sense amplifier having a first transistor connected between to the bit line and a first node, the first transistor including a gate to which a signal of the inverted bit line is applied. The semiconductor memory device may have a second transistor connected between the inverted bit line and a second node, the second transistor including a gate to which a signal of the bit line is applied, and the first sense amplifier configured to amplify a voltage of the bit line or the inverted bit line to a second voltage based on to the second voltage applied to one of the first node and the second nodes during the read operation. The semiconductor memory device may also have a bias unit configured to generate a voltage difference between the first node and the second node, and a sense amplifier driver configured to apply the second voltage to one of the first and second nodes based on one of the first and second selected word lines during the read operation.
US08189415B2	Sensing amplifier applied to at least a memory cell, memory device, and enhancement method for boosting the sensing amplifier thereof A sensing amplifier consists of a sensing circuit, a boosting circuit, at least one bit-line isolating circuit, and at least a P-sensing enhancement circuit. The sensing circuit is disposed between a sensing line and a complementary sensing line. The boosting circuit boosts the sensing line and the complementary sensing line during a boosting stage. The bit-line isolating circuit is coupled to the sensing circuit for controlling whether to isolate a bit line/complementary bit line from the sensing line/complementary sensing line. The P-sensing enhancement circuit is coupled to the sensing line, the complementary sensing line, and a reference voltage. When the bit-line isolating circuit isolates the bit line from the sensing line and isolates the complementary bit line from the complementary sensing line, a voltage level of the bit line or the complementary bit line is pulled up to the reference voltage by the P-sensing enhancement circuit during an enhancement stage.
US08189410B1	Memory device and method thereof A first input of a sense amplifier is connected to a first bitline, a second input of the sense amplifier is connected to a second bitline, a third input of the sense amplifier is coupled to a third bitline. The sense amplifier provides at an output an indicator of a storage state of a memory cell connected to the first bitline based upon information provided to the sense amplifier via the first, second, and third bitlines.
US08189400B2	Data alignment circuit of semiconductor memory apparatus A data alignment circuit of a semiconductor memory apparatus for receiving and aligning parallel data group includes a first control unit, a second control unit, a first alignment unit and a second alignment unit. The first alignment unit generates a first control signal group in response to an address group, a clock signal, and a latency signal. The second control unit generates a second control signal group in response to the address group, the clock signal, and the latency signal. The first alignment unit aligns the parallel data group as a first serial data group in response to the first control signal group. The second alignment unit aligns the parallel data group as a second serial data group in response to the second control signal group.
US08189399B2	EEPROM having single gate structure and method of operating the same An electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) includes an access transistor having a floating gate and source/drain regions formed at opposite sides of the floating gate in a first well, a first well tap formed in the first well, a control gate located on a second region, first impurity regions formed at both sides of the control gate in the second region, and a second well tap formed in a third region. In order to erase information stored in a memory cell, a predetermined erasing voltage is applied to the source/drain regions of the access transistor and the first well tap, a ground voltage is applied to the first impurity regions in the second region, and a voltage, which is greater than 0V and less than a junction breakdown voltage between the active area and the first well, is applied to the second well tap.
US08189390B2	NAND flash architecture with multi-level row decoding A NAND flash memory device includes a NAND flash memory array defined as a plurality of sectors. Row decoding is performed in two levels. The first level is performed that is applicable to all of the sectors. This can be used to select a block, for example. The second level is performed for a particular sector, to select a page within a block in the particular sector, for example. Read and program operations take place to the resolution of a page within a sector, while erase operation takes place to the resolution of a block within a sector.
US08189383B2	Page buffer of non-volatile memory device and programming method of non-volatile memory device Multi-level cell programming methods are provided. A method includes providing a page buffer including first and second registers connected to first and second memory cell blocks, respectively. A least significant bit (LSB) program of each memory cell is completed. Most significant bit (MSB) data is set in a first node of the first register. An MSB program is performed. When the MSB program is performed at a first verify voltage, first data at a first voltage level is set in the first node. When the MSB program is performed at a second verify voltage, second data at a second voltage level, opposite to the first voltage level, is set in the first node. When the MSB program is performed at a third verify voltage, the first data is set in the first node. The MSB program is repeated according to the first node data.
US08189381B1	System and method for reading flash memory cells A memory system includes an array of X memory cells that each includes Y storage regions. The system also includes a read module that receives a first read signal that includes a first read signal data component and a first read signal interference component from a first one of the Y storage regions. The read module also receives a second read signal from a second one of the Y storage regions. The first interference component includes interference from the second one of the Y storage regions. The system also includes a data detection module that recovers the first read signal data component from the first read signal based on the second read signal and one or more of M noiseless signal estimates. M and X are integers greater than or equal to one, and Y is an integer greater than or equal to two.
US08189378B2	Reducing program disturb in non-volatile storage A non-volatile semiconductor storage system is programmed in a manner that reduces program disturb by applying a higher boosting voltage on one or more word lines that are connected to non-volatile storage elements that may be partially programmed.
US08189377B2	Semiconductor device p-type wells are provided within an n-type embedded well of a semiconductor substrate lying in an area for forming a flash memory, in a state of being isolated from one another. A capacitance section, a data write/erase charge injection/discharge section and a data read MIS•FET are disposed in each of the p-type wells. The capacitance section is disposed between the data write/erase charge injection/discharge section and the data read MIS•FET. In the data write/erase charge injection/discharge section, writing and erasing of data by an FN tunnel current at a channel entire surface are performed.
US08189372B2	Integrated circuit including electrode having recessed portion An integrated circuit includes a first electrode including an etched recessed portion. The integrated circuit includes a second electrode and a resistivity changing material filling the recessed portion and coupled to the second electrode.
US08189369B2	Semiconductor device There is provided a semiconductor device that enables high-speed data read and reduces the area of a drive circuit for activating a word line. By signal transmission through a common word line having a low resistance and coupled at a plurality of points to a word line, it is possible to read data at high speed. Further, since the common word line is provided common to a plurality of memory blocks, a word line driver can be provided common to the memory blocks. Further, by disposing a latch circuit, corresponding to a sub-digit line, for holding the active state of the common word line, it is possible to transmit a row selection signal during data write through the common word line and thereby reduce a metal wiring layer.
US08189367B1	Single event upset hardened static random access memory cell A single event upset (SEU) hardened memory cell to be utilized in static random access memories is disclosed. The SEU hardened memory cell includes a first transistor, a second transistor and a first resistor connected between a source of the first transistor and a drain of the second transistor. The SEU hardened memory cell also includes a third transistor, a fourth transistor and a second resistor connected between a source of the third transistor and a drain of the fourth transistor. The first resistor is also connected between a gate of the third transistor and the drain of the second transistor. The second resistor is also connected between a gate of the first transistor and the drain of the fourth transistor.
US08189364B2	Charge retention structures and techniques for implementing charge controlled resistors in memory cells and arrays of memory Embodiments of the invention relate generally to semiconductors and semiconductor fabrication techniques, and more particularly, to devices, integrated circuits, memory cells and arrays, and methods to use silicon carbide structures to retain amounts of charge indicative of a resistive state in, for example, a charge-controlled resistor of a memory cell. In some embodiments, a memory cell comprises a silicon carbide structure including a charge reservoir configured to store an amount of charge carriers constituting a charge cloud. The amount of charge carriers in the charge cloud can represent a data value. Further, the memory cell includes a resistive element in communication with the charge reservoir and is configured to provide a resistance as a function of the amount of charge carriers in the charge reservoir. The charge reservoir is configured to modulate the size of the charge cloud to change the data value.
US08189363B2	Resistance change memory A resistance change memory includes two memory cell arrays each including a plurality of memory cells, the memory cells including variable resistive elements, two reference cell arrays provided to correspond to the two memory cell arrays, respectively, and each including a plurality of reference cells, the reference cells having a reference value, and a sense amplifier shared by the two memory cell arrays and detecting data in an accessed memory cell by use of a reference cell array corresponding to a second memory cell array different from a first memory cell array including the accessed memory cell. In reading the data, a particular reference cell in one reference cell array is always activated for an address space based on one memory cell array as a unit.
US08189359B2	Nonvolatile memory device having different types of metal lines Provided is a nonvolatile memory device, including a memory cell array region, a decoder and an interface region. The memory cell array region includes multiple word lines. The decoder supplies multiple voltages to the word lines through multiple first type metal lines formed of a first metal and multiple second type metal lines formed of a second metal. The interface region connects the first type metal lines to first word lines in a first group, and connects the second type metal lines to second word lines in a second group. The first type metal lines are sequentially disposed to correspond with a positioning order of the first word lines in the first group, and the second type metal lines are sequentially disposed to correspond with a positioning order of the second word lines in the second group.
US08189356B2	PWM inverter There is provided a PWM inverter capable of preventing a phase error from occurring in generating a PWM signal even in the case where a carrier wave frequency is not sufficiently higher than a signal wave frequency. A PWM signal generating section (2) includes a phase adjusting section (11) configured to advance a phase of the signal wave by adding, to a signal wave, a delay component of the PWM signal with respect to the signal wave, the phase delay component being involved by digital control. Furthermore, in a case where the carrier wave frequency is changed, the phase delay component with respect to the signal wave is updated in synchronism with the timing of change of the carrier wave frequency.
US08189355B2	Multiple output switching power source apparatus A multiple-output switching power source apparatus includes a control circuit to adjust a time for applying a DC voltage to a primary winding of a transformer by turning on/off a switching element Q1, a first rectifying-smoothing circuit for a first secondary winding of the transformer, a second rectifying-smoothing circuit for a switching element Q2 to provide a second output voltage connected to an output terminal of the first rectifying-smoothing circuit through the switching element Q2, a third rectifying-smoothing circuit for a second secondary winding of the transformer and provide a third output voltage, a first end of the second secondary winding of the transformer being connected to the switching element Q2, and a control circuit 13 to adjust an ON/OFF time of the switching element Q2 according to the voltage of the first secondary winding of the transformer, the second output voltage, and the third output voltage.
US08189354B2	Voltage converter with high efficiency A voltage converter transmits energy in multiple stages using a charge pump so as to decrease the voltage rating of the secondary side of the transformer and reduce the size of the transformer. Meanwhile, the voltage converter stores and recycles the leakage inductance energy by using a snubber circuit so as to increase the efficiency.
US08189352B2	Single stage inverter device, and related controlling method, for converters of power from energy sources, in particular photovoltaic sources The present invention concerns a single stage inverter device for power converters, comprising switching means (M1-M4) capable to periodically connect an energy source, in particular a photovoltaic one, to an electric network or grid, the switching means (M1-M4) being controlled by controlling electronic means operating according to a single switching cycle control of the switching means (M1-M4), the operative and circuit device parameters being such to fulfill a series of constraints simultaneously optimizing both the maximum power point tracking or MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) and the output power factor or PF-out (Power Factor-output) for one or more operation conditions. The present invention further concerns the related method of controlling and the related method of scaling such device.
US08189346B2	Securing device, and assembly of an electronic device and the securing device In an assembly of an electronic device having one side provided with at least one securing hole, and a securing device including a body, an abutting and retaining member, and a guiding unit, the body includes a base for placement of the electronic device thereon, and a lateral plate extending upwardly from one side of the base and having an inner side formed with at least one protrusion for engaging the securing hole. The abutting and retaining member is movably and slidably disposed on the base opposite to the lateral plate. The guiding unit is connected to the abutting and retaining member and the base for guiding displacement of the abutting and retaining member so that the latter is rotatable relative to the base to abut against the other side of the electronic device when being displaced from a release position to a securing position.
US08189345B2	Electronics module, enclosure assembly housing same, and related systems and methods Various embodiments of the invention relate to electronics modules, enclosure assemblies housing at least one such electronics module, and systems (e.g., missiles or unmanned vehicles) that may employ such enclosure assemblies. In one embodiment, an electronics module includes a first plate extending generally in a first plane, and a second plate spaced from the first plate and extending generally in a second plane. The electronics module further includes a plurality of electronic board assemblies each of which extends generally in a respective plane and is in thermal communication with at least one of the first and second plates. Each electronic board assembly may be positioned between the first and second plates and oriented so that the respective plane thereof is non-parallel relative to the first and second planes.
US08189343B2	Method and apparatus to provide power to a backplane Embodiments are generally direct to a method and apparatus to provide power to a backplane. In one embodiment, a method is implemented in a backplane to receive power through an upper zone of the backplane. The power is provided by a rear transition power entry module (RT-PEM) operatively coupled to an interface in the upper zone. The power provided by the RT-PEM is routed to interfaces in a lower zone of the backplane. Each lower zone interface distributes at least a portion of the power to a component operatively coupled to the backplane.
US08189342B2	Printed circuit board for memory module, method of manufacturing the same and memory module/socket assembly Example embodiments of the present invention may include a printed circuit board, a method of manufacturing the printed circuit board, and a memory module/socket assembly. Example embodiments of the present invention may increase the number of contact taps on a memory module, in addition, a force required to insert the memory module into a module socket may be decreased.
US08189340B2	Mobile digital video recorder A mobile digital video recorder (MDVR) has a hollow shell, two board tracks, two brackets, a main board, power board, VSM board, and a storage device. The board tracks and the brackets are attached securely in the shell. The main board is mounted slidably and detachably in the shell via the tracks. The power board is mounted slidably and detachably in the shell via the tracks. The VSM board is mounted slidably and detachably in the shell via the tracks. The storage device is mounted slidably and detachably in the shell via the brackets. Therefore, the main board, power board, VSM board and the storage device are easily pulled out from the shell for repairing, replacing, or upgrading to new technology.
US08189339B2	Flexible circuit assembly for a capacitive-sensing device A flexible circuit assembly is provided which includes a flexible circuit, a substrate of a capacitive-sensing device and an electronic component that are coupled to the flexible circuit. The flexible circuit includes a first portion having a first conductive contact pad, a second portion having a second conductive contact pad, and a third portion disposed between the first portion and the second portion. The flexible circuit is configured to fold at the third portion between the first portion and the second portion so that the first conductive contact pad couples to a first conductor disposed along a first edge of the substrate and the second conductive contact pad couples to a second conductor disposed along a second edge of the substrate of the capacitive-sensing device. The first edge of the substrate of the capacitive-sensing device is non-parallel to the second edge of the substrate of the capacitive-sensing device.
US08189336B2	Composite cover with integral heat sink A composite cover for a portion of a motor vehicle transmission has an integral, internal heat sink to which an electronic controller is attached. The cover, which may be fabricated of any temperature appropriate plastic or composite, closes off and protects that portion of a motor vehicle transmission having electrical and electronic components such as valves, solenoids, motors and sensors. Spaced from the inside surface of the cover where it is subjected on both sides to flow of transmission fluid is a plate or heat sink. An electronic controller is disposed on the outside of the cover and attached by heat transferring mechanical fasteners such as studs or bolts to the plate inside the cover. Preferably, the housing of the controller also includes a heat sink.
US08189334B2	Dehumidifying and re-humidifying cooling apparatus and method for an electronics rack Dehumidifying and re-humidifying cooling apparatus and method are provided for an electronics rack. The apparatus includes an air-to-liquid heat exchanger disposed at an air inlet side of the rack, wherein air flows through the rack from the air inlet side to an air outlet side. The heat exchanger, which is positioned for ingressing air to pass thereacross before passing through the electronics rack, is in fluid communication with a coolant loop for passing coolant through the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger dehumidifies ingressing air to the electronics rack to reduce a dew point of air flowing through the rack. A condensate collector disposed at the air inlet side collects liquid condensate from the heat exchanger's dehumidifying of ingressing air, and an evaporator disposed at the air outlet side humidifies air egressing from the electronics rack employing condensate from the condensate collector.
US08189332B2	Portable electronic device A portable electronic device and technology operable to improve breakage resistance is disclosed. The portable electronic device and technology comprise a way for limiting rotation of a first housing and a second housing such that the housings are limited in further rotation in an open direction beyond a fully open position. A capacitive coupling may be used to provide a connection between electrical components in the first and second housings.
US08189331B2	Thermal management systems and methods A thermal management system is provided. The system can include an electronic device enclosure having a first surface and a second surface. At least a portion of the perimeter of the first surface can be disposed proximate the second surface to provide a chamber between the first and second surfaces. At least one first aperture in fluid communication with the chamber can be disposed on the second surface, while at least one second aperture in fluid communication with the chamber can be disposed on the first surface. A fluid mover, having a fluid inlet and a fluid discharge, can be disposed proximate the second aperture. Fluid from the chamber can provide an inflow to the fluid inlet and an outflow from the fluid discharge can be directed to the exterior of the electronic enclosure.
US08189329B2	Storage control apparatus A storage unit is provided with a plurality of sub storage units configured to include a plurality of hard disk drives, an enclosure, a printed wiring board, a power supply device, and a cable holder. The sub storage units each operate separately. The enclosure is provided in the array of hard disk drives so that the distance can be shorter between the enclosure and each of the hard disk drives. With the provision cable holder, communications cables can be both brought closer to the printed wiring board. With such a configuration, the coupling point among the communications cables and the printed wiring board, and the enclosure can be favorably reduced. The resulting storage control apparatus of the invention can be mounted with a larger number of storage devices, thereby being able to keep the signal quality.
US08189321B2	Multilayer capacitor A first inner electrode is integrally provided with a first terminal connection part connected to a first terminal electrode and a first linking connection part connected to a first linking electrode. A second inner electrode is integrally provided with a second terminal connection part connected to a second terminal electrode and a second linking connection part connected to a second linking electrode. A third inner electrode is integrally provided with a third linking connection part connected to the first linking electrode. A fourth inner electrode is integrally provided with a fourth linking connection part connected to the second linking electrode. The third inner electrode is adjacent to the first and fourth inner electrodes in a laminating direction of the plurality of dielectric layers. The first and fourth inner electrodes overlap the third inner electrode as seen in the laminating direction of the plurality of dielectric layers.
US08189320B2	Capacitative element Disclosed herein is a capacitative element, including: a first electrode formed on a substrate; and a second electrode provided so as to sandwich a dielectric between the first electrode and the second electrode and so as to surround the first electrode on four sides along a surface of the substrate.
US08189318B2	Electrostatic discharging overshoe An electrostatic discharging, detachable, overshoe, includes an electrically conductive flexible skeleton with oversized heel and toe regions for placing over footwear, and a conductive element situated to facilitate conducting static electricity between a body of a wearer of the footwear and the overshoe. The overshoe can be worn over a wide variety of street, work, office, and specialty footwear and may support reduction of electro-static discharge buildup on the body of the wearer by safely conducting any electrical charge generated or transferred to the body of the wearer to a grounded surface such as an electrically conductive floor.
US08189316B2	Hydraulic valve control circuit and method for checking the function of a hydraulic valve control circuit A hydraulic valve control circuit of a hydraulic valve comprises an external voltage supply, an output stage having a voltage supply input and at least one output configured to actuate an actuator of the hydraulic valve, an overcurrent protective device disposed in a path between the external voltage supply and the voltage supply input, an enable input configured to activate and deactivate the output stage, and a switch configured to connect the at least one output to a fixed potential when the output stage is deactivated.
US08189311B2	Circuit breaker control A method of circuit breaker control includes determining if a trip event for a circuit breaker has occurred, determining a set of redundancy parameters for the circuit breaker, and transmitting a trip signal and a shunt trip signal to the circuit breaker based on the set of redundancy parameters.
US08189306B2	Dynamic grounding system and method Dynamic grounding including monitoring the floating DC outputs of a power amplifier, detecting an imbalance in the floating DC outputs, generating a compensation signal in response to a detected imbalance, and adjusting the power amplifier to re-balance the floating DC outputs and suppress transients.
US08189299B2	Magnetic head suspension The present invention provides a magnetic head suspension including a flexure part including a magnetic head mounting region for supporting a magnetic head slider; a load bending part for generating a load to press the magnetic head slider towards a recording medium; a load beam part for transmitting the load generated by the load bending part to the magnetic head mounting region; and a base part connected to a proximal end side of the load bending part. The base part has a thin thickness region extending from a distal end towards a proximal end side by a predetermined distance and having a thin thickness compared to an other region.
US08189296B2	Thin-film piezoelectric device, production method thereof, head gimbals assembly using the thin-film piezoelectric device, and hard disk using the head gimbals assembly A method includes a step of stacking a first electrode layer, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode layer on a first substrate to form a first laminate; a step of stacking a support layer on a second substrate to form a second laminate; a step of bonding the first and second laminates through an adhesive layer to form a third laminate; a step of removing the first substrate from the third laminate; a step of processing the third laminate in a desired shape; and a step of removing the second substrate. A Young's modulus of the adhesive layer is smaller than a Young's modulus of the piezoelectric layer. Respective Young's moduli of the second electrode layer and the support layer are larger than the Young's modulus of the adhesive layer. The third laminate has no other piezoelectric layer except for the aforementioned piezoelectric layer.
US08189294B2	Apparatus including modified write pole tip An apparatus that includes a write element including a write element tip having a leading edge, a trailing edge, and first and second side edges connecting the leading edge to the trailing edge, wherein the trailing edge is non-planar; a trailing shield proximate the trailing edge of the write element; a first side shield proximate the first side edge; and a second edge proximate the second side edge.
US08189290B2	Spindle motor and disk drive apparatus using the same A spindle motor includes a shaft arranged concentric with as a central axis and extending in a vertical direction, a rotor unit arranged to rotate about the central axis, a stator including a base member and a magnetic member fixed to the base member and axially opposed to the magnet. The magnetic member includes an opposing portion axially opposed to the magnet so that a magnetic attracting force is generated between the opposing portion and the magnet and a protrusion portion protruding downwards from the opposing portion. The base member includes a recess portion, and the protrusion portion of the magnetic member is fixed within the recess portion.
US08189287B2	Equalization and minimization of multi-head stack assembly's motion during self servo writing and HDD operation A disk hard disk drive that includes a spindle motor and an actuator arm coupled to a base plate. A plurality of disks are coupled to the spindle motor and a plurality of heads are coupled to the actuator arm and the disks. The drive also includes a cover attached to the base plate. The cover and base plate enclose a hard disk area that has a horizontal center line. The hard disk area includes a volume of air above the horizontal center line that is equal to a volume of air below the horizontal center line. The air space within the hard disk area is equal and symmetrical in a vertical direction. Such an arrangement reduces track mis-registration when servo is copied from a disk surface to the other surfaces of the disks in the drive.
US08189285B1	Method and system for automatic time base adjustment for disk drive servo controllers A servo controller includes a first device that determines an adjusted servo-to-servo skew value. A servo field timer increments a timer value between consecutive servo fields, receives the adjusted servo-to-servo skew value, and adjusts an incremented timer value between the consecutive servo fields based on the adjusted servo-to-servo skew value.
US08189281B2	Magnetic recording disk drive with write driver to write head transmission line having non-uniform sections for optimal write current pulse overshoot An interconnect between the write driver and the write head in a magnetic recording disk drive enables an inherent write current overshoot. The interconnect includes an integrated lead suspension (ILS) and a short flex cable that connects the write driver circuitry to the ILS. The interconnect is a two-segment transmission line, with the first segment connected to the write driver having multiple sub-segments or sections with non-uniform impedance levels. The section of the first segment that connects to the write driver is the short flex cable and has an impedance substantially higher than the source impedance ZWD of the write driver. The multiple sections of the first segment have non-uniform impedance values that have an effective impedance Z01-eff that substantially matches ZWD. The second segment of the transmission line has an effective impedance Z02-eff that is substantially less than Z01-eff. The write lines for the +W and −W signals are preferably interleaved on the transmission line sections.
US08189278B2	Optical system A device for cooling optical components based on optical fibers for transmitting high optical power. The device includes one or more cavities with a flowing coolant to take care of optical power loss. The device includes a transmitting construction material having a low heat expansion coefficient arranged in direct connection with the optical components and arranged to transmit power loss radiation into the cavity which is flushed with the flowing coolant. The transmitting construction material is made as a transparent tube and surrounded by a tubular casing of a non-transparent material having a good absorption capacity so that the cavity is formed between the two materials.
US08189276B1	Photographing optical lens assembly A photographing optical lens assembly, sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side, comprising: the first lens element with negative refractive power having a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface, the second lens element with positive refractive power having bi-convex surfaces, the third lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface, at least one aspherical surface and at least one inflection point on at least one optical surface. Additionally, the photographing optical lens assembly comprises a stop and satisfies condition such as 0.75
US08189272B1	Optical lens assembly for image taking An optical lens assembly for image taking, sequentially from an object side to an image side along an optical axis comprises: the first lens element with refractive power, a bi-convex second lens element with positive refractive power, the third lens element with negative refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, the fourth lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface. All four lenses may be made of plastic with bi-aspherical surfaces. Additionally, the optical lens assembly for image taking satisfies conditions to shorten the total length and reduce the sensitivity in order to achieve the goal of a fine aberration correction and ready for its use in cameras and camera mobile phones.
US08189271B2	Imaging lens and imaging apparatus An imaging lens includes a first-lens having negative power, and which is a meniscus lens the image-side surface of which has concave shape; a second-lens, the object-side surface and the image-side surface of which are aspheric, and which has double-concave shape in the vicinity of an optical axis; a third-lens, the object-side surface and the image-side surface of which are aspheric, and which has double-convex shape in the vicinity of the optical axis; a stop; and a fourth-lens, the object-side surface and the image-side surface of which are aspheric, and which has double-convex shape in the vicinity of the optical axis, which are arranged from the object side in the order mentioned above. Further, formula (1) is satisfied: 0.0
US08189270B2	Zoom lens and imaging apparatus Disclosed are a zoom lens and an imaging apparatus having a high zoom ratio, a small total length, and a small overall size.A zoom lens includes a first lens group having a positive refractive power, a second lens group having a negative refractive power, a third lens group having a positive refractive power, a fourth lens group having a negative refractive power, and a fifth lens group having a positive refractive power which are arranged in this order from an object side. A gap between the lens groups is changed to change power. The zoom lens satisfies the following Condition expression 1: 0.05<\|f4\|/ft<0.25 [Condition expression 1] (where ft indicates the focal length of the entire system at a telephoto end and f4 indicates the focal length of the fourth lens group).
US08189266B2	Optical element An optical element includes a container including first and second end face walls, a side face wall, and an accommodating chamber inside the walls; first and second liquids enclosed in the chamber; a first electrode provided on a surface of the first end face wall; a second electrode provided on a surface of the second end face wall; an insulating film provided on a surface of the second electrode; and a unit configured to apply a voltage. The shape of an interface between the liquids is changed by a voltage application, and a light transmission path, the center of which is a virtual axis passing through the end face walls in the thickness direction of the container, is formed in a portion of the second liquid. An opening having a diameter the same as or larger than the maximum diameter of the transmission path is provided in the first electrode.
US08189265B2	Optical element having refractive index distribution and optical apparatus An optical element Ggi1 includes a medium that has a refractive index distribution. This optical element satisfies conditions of \|θgF(pmax)−θgF(pmin)\|≧0.02, \|ΔθgFgi(p1)\|≧0.0272,\|Δθgdgi(p1)\|≧0.0250, and \|θgFgi(pmaxgi)−θgFgi(pmingi)\|≦0.1.
US08189260B2	Color dividing optical device and image apparatus with the application A color dividing optical device has an integrated structure of dual surfaces, each has a micro/nano structure. The optical device can perform beam splitting and color dividing on an incident light source, which has a constitution from multiple different wavelengths. In a space, the original incident light source is equally split into multiple light beams in an array, according to light intensity. At the same time, the light beam constituted from different wavelengths is divided into multiple sub-light sources, according to the wavelength, so as to have the function to propagate a color array with color dividing. The optical device with capability of modulating the color wavelengths can transform the wide-band incident light source into sub-light beams in array with color dividing (wavelength dividing) and beam splitting.
US08189259B1	Polarization independent grating A grating has a high diffraction efficiency into the minus first diffracted order in transmission, for both TE and TM polarizations. The incident angle may optionally be chosen so that the minus first diffracted order in reflection would be retroreflected back to the incident beam. The grating may be formed from various materials and/or layers, where the thicknesses of the individual layers may be determined by an optimization or simulation process. In one aspect, the grating may have four or more layers, formed with three or more materials. In another aspect, the grating may have a longitudinal refractive index profile that contains at least two local extrema, such as a maximum and/or minimum. Such a grating may be formed from three or more materials, two materials, or a single material that has a continuously varying refractive index. Any or all of the materials may have a continuously varying refractive index profile, as well. In another aspect, the grating may include a material that has a continuously varying refractive index profile.
US08189257B2	Optimized cascaded raman fiber-based laser source for high efficiency mid-infrared spectral generation A laser structure is provided that includes a pulsed source producing a pulsed signal having a low spontaneous noise component to its spectral output and a pulse-shape that is optimally flat. Also, the laser structure includes one or more optical fiber structures receiving the pulsed signal and performing Raman amplification. The pulsed signal is used to excite in the one or more optical fiber structures possessing normal chromatic dispersion, which acts as a nonlinear system for efficient mid-infrared spectral generation.
US08189254B2	RF interference reduction for functional glazings An automotive vehicle having an aperture in the vehicle body in which a glazing, comprising a switchable film laminated between at least two plies of an interlayer material is fitted is disclosed. The plies of interlayer material are laminated between a first ply of glazing material, preferably glass, facing out of the vehicle and a second ply of glazing material, preferably glass, facing into the vehicle. The switchable film comprises first and second electrodes, both in electrical connection with a power supply. The first electrode is capacitively connected to electrical ground on the vehicle body.
US08189253B2	Shutter device and drive method The present invention provides a shutter apparatus and a drive method for the same, the shutter apparatus having functions of both a shutter apparatus for an image interception and a shutter apparatus for an aperture adjustment and being space-saving and low in costs. Within an illumination casing are provided first and second shading plates 212 and 215, first and second cammed gear 224 and 227 having a cam groove 225 and 228 respectively for driving the first shading plate 212 and the second shading plate 215 respectively. A cam shape is structured such that the rotation of a DC motor 235 (one drive source) enables the first and second shading plates 212 and 215 to drive independently. Thus, arbitrarily operating the functions of both the shutter apparatus for the image interception and the shutter apparatus for the aperture adjustment by the DC motor 235 (one shared drive source) is possible.
US08189252B2	Light deflecting device and hologram device A light deflecting device is a light deflecting device for deflecting an incident light beam and has: a coarse motion light deflecting device which has an optical system having at least two conjugate points on an optical axis and deflects the light beam which has passed through one conjugate point and has entered the optical system as an output light beam which passes through the other conjugate point and has a deflection angle with respect to the optical axis while changing its transmitting direction; and a fine motion light deflecting device which is arranged in the optical system, applies a deflection to the incident light beam, and changes the deflection angle of the output light beam to a second deflection angle different from the deflection angle for a predetermined time.
US08189249B2	Holographic storage system using destructive interference for pixel detection The present invention relates to a holographic storage system, and more specifically to a method for pixel detection in a coaxial holographic storage system.In a holographic storage system according to the invention, with a coaxial arrangement of an object beam and a reference beam the bright pixels within the object beam have a phase shift of essentially π relative to the reference beam. For readout of a data page contained in a reconstructed object beam a detector detects an interference pattern generated by the interference between the reference beam and the reconstructed object beam.
US08189241B2	Image reading apparatus and light source An image reading apparatus for reading an original document including: a light source including a sheet-shaped light-emitting section which includes an electroluminescence element, the light emitting section being configured to have a folded plane folded inward or a concave curved surface, and a light emitting surface being arranged inside the folded plane or the concave curved surface; and a reading element which receives light from the original document to read images while the light source illuminates a reading position of the original document along a main-scanning direction of the original document.
US08189240B2	Arrangement for reading from and/or writing to flexible sheet media in a curved configuration and method An assembly for transferring information to and/or from flexible sheet media in a highly advantageous curved configuration is disclosed. The sheet material includes a length and a width defining first and second opposing surfaces. The assembly includes support means for supporting the sheet the curved configuration across its width, having the first surface inwardly oriented with respect to the curved configuration. Thereafter, moving means moves the flexible sheet material so supported in a direction along a read/write path generally parallel to the sheet material length and transverse to the direction of curvature. A read/write arrangement is provided which is configured for reading and/or writing information across the width of the first surface of the sheet as the sheet is moved along the path in the curved configuration. In one feature, means is provided for rotationally moving the read/write arrangement in a predetermined way in the housing such that the read/write arrangement is in a confronting relationship with the first, inwardly oriented surface and cooperates with the movement provided by the sheet material moving means so as to cause the read/write arrangement to sequentially read information from and/or write information to the inwardly oriented, first surface of the sheet as the read/write arrangement traverses the width of the flexible sheet material while the latter is on the read/write path in the curved configuration. In another feature, a read and/or write operation may be performed on the second, outwardly oriented surface of the sheet material.
US08189239B2	Media output option lighting system An electrophotographic device includes a scanning unit, at least one media output option for receiving a media sheet, and at least one light source for emitting a light beam to at least partially illuminate a media sheet receiving portion of the at least one media output tray. The media output tray is vertically stacked below the scanning unit. Still further, a user alert display is provided to alert a user to the presence of a media sheet in the output tray. A sensor detects a media sheet received in the output tray, and activates the light source and optionally the user alert display. The media output option may include a plurality of output trays, each output tray having a dedicated light source, user alert display, and sensor.
US08189238B2	Integrated and centralized method and system for managing delivered fax data A method and system for managing facsimile (fax) data in an integrated manner. The system includes an integrated fax server, and a fax terminal configured to transmit and receive fax data via a first communication network and to transmit both the transmitted and received fax data to the integrated fax server via a second communication network. The integrated fax server stores fax data received from the fax terminal in a database. The fax terminal includes a fax machine connector configured to receive fax data from a fax machine, a first communication network connector configured to transmit and receive fax data via a first communication network, and a server interface unit configured to transmit fax data to the integrated fax server. Accordingly, the integrated fax server manages transmitted and received fax documents with increased efficiency and security. Thus, the difficulty of managing fax documents due to spacial restriction is diminished.
US08189235B2	Apparatus, method and program product that calculates a color blending ratio so security dots reproduced in a monochrome image are substantially undetectable The invention provides an image processing apparatus, an image processing method, a recording medium and a program capable of suppressing security dots from being reproducible visibly while enhancing reproduction of a color, in an original, specified by a user, in the process of forming a monochrome image from a color image. The image processing apparatus includes a unit for taking a color image, a unit for separating a color image into respective color elements, a unit for judging the security dots through the use of the separated data, and a unit that, when it is judged that security dots are included, recalculates the blending ratio through the use of the security dot judgment result to convert the color image into a monochrome image.
US08189234B2	Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and computer-readable recording medium storing image processing program An image processing apparatus is disclosed. In the image processing apparatus, a vector converting section converts image data output from a color scanner into vector coefficients, and a color mapping section converts the image data, which are converted into the vector coefficients, into L kinds of record image data corresponding to color materials which are used by a color printer, by referring to an M-dimensional LUT (lookup table). In the M-dimensional LUT, record image data optimal under plural observing light sources have been stored corresponding to the image data converted into the vector coefficients.
US08189232B2	Density calculating apparatus, density setting apparatus, density calculating program storage medium, and density setting program storage medium A density calculating apparatus includes: an image data acquisition section that acquires print image data representing a print image; a place designating section that designates a place on the print image; and a target color acquisition section that acquires a target color of a color of the place. The apparatus further includes: a color guess section that guesses a print color of the place to be printed by a printing system, by using a patch image produced based on a predetermined criterion; and a density calculation section that calculates the print densities of the ink materials having the plurality of colors by using the color guess section so that the target color is achieved at the place by the printing system based on the print image data.
US08189226B2	Preventing double input of scanned documents An image forming apparatus (1000) is equipped with a scanner (1002) for scanning a paper document to thereby convert it to document data; a document memory (1008) for storing the document data; and a history memory (1007) for holding a history of user operations on the document data in association with whether or not the user operations are being managed as an object of control processing. A user operation upon document data is accepted from a operating unit (1001). If this user operation is being managed as an operation that is not an object of control processing in the history memory (1007), then the document data is processed based upon this user operation.
US08189225B1	Printing to a cloud printer via NFC A system and machine-implemented method for sending a print request from a device to a cloud printer within a cloud, the cloud comprising the cloud printer and a cloud server. A network connection is established with the cloud server, and print data is transmitted from the device to the cloud server via the network connection. Print data location information is received from the cloud server via the network connection, the print data location information specifying an address of the print data in the cloud. An NFC connection is established with the cloud printer, and a print request is sent to the cloud printer via the NFC connection. The print request includes the print data location information and is configured to be used by the cloud printer to obtain the print data from the cloud.
US08189224B2	Printing apparatus and print managing method Each time printing is performed by an MFP, a controller control unit counts up a billing counter value stored in a billing-counter recording unit. Additionally, each time a print job is completed, the controller control unit stores a job history of the print job in a job-history storage unit. A job history of a print job that is in progress at a predetermined counting time is divided into a plurality of job histories and managed by a job-history managing application.
US08189223B2	Image processing apparatus An image processing apparatus includes an input unit configured to obtain image data and to perform an input process on the image data to produce input image data, an input filter configured to control the input process performed by the input unit, an output unit configured to perform an output process on processed image data, an output filter configured to control the output process performed by the output unit, a process filter connecting between the input filter and the output filter to control processing of the input image data, and another output filter configured to control an output process for storing given image data and conditions concerning outputting of the given image data in a storage unit. The other output filter is coupled to one of the input filter and the process filter in response to receiving an instruction to store the given image data.
US08189220B2	Remote printing system using federated identity web services A data processing system comprises a print-enabled identity server. The print-enabled identity server comprises an identity provider operative in a federated identity system that authenticates a user, and stores profile information and payment information. The print-enabled identity server further comprises a Federated Print Search Responder (FPSR) and a discovery service hosted by the identity provider that operate in combination to answer client print-search queries for finding at least one remote printer according to client-designated criteria. An identity-based payment service manages user payment transactions.
US08189214B2	Image forming apparatus for document identity ascertainment An image forming apparatus includes a unique information acquisition unit to acquire unique information unique to document data to be a print object from the document data; a storage unit to store the acquired unique information in association with the document data, and to store the unique information as reference unique information; an image forming unit to print an image based on the stored document data and the unique information associated with the document data on a same recording medium; a reading unit to read the printed unique information as unique information to be compared; and a control unit to compare the unique information to be compared with the stored reference unique information to stop printing of the document data when the control unit judges that the unique information to be compared and the stored reference unique information do not accord with each other.
US08189210B2	Method and system for simulating the operation of an image conversion device A method is provided for simulating the function of an image conversion device, comprising steps of reading input image data, recording the physical transformations of the base elements in at least one process step, emulating a predetermined number of processes, recording the final states of the base elements, collecting the base elements states following the last simulation step, transforming said collection into the simulation file and printing or displaying said simulation file. A system for implementing the method is also provided.
US08189208B2	Image processing apparatus, controlling method of image processing apparatus, program and storage medium The present invention provides an image processing apparatus, a method of controlling the image processing apparatus, a program and a storage medium that can increase security strength of encoded data, printed on a recording medium. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an image to be a document is read and is subjected to image processing, and thereby digital data is acquired. Next, the above-described digital data is encoded to generate a first encoded data. Next, information on a process of decoding the digital data from the first encoded data is encoded to generate second encoded data.
US08189203B2	Reticle inspection systems and method A method and systems for reticle inspection. The method includes coherently illuminating surfaces of an inspection reticle and a reference reticle, applying a Fourier transform to scattered light from the illuminated surfaces, shifting the phase of the transformed light from the reference reticle such that a phase difference between the transformed light from the inspection reticle and the transformed light from the reference reticle is 180 degrees, combining the transformed light as an image subtraction, applying an inverse Fourier transform to the combined light, and detecting the combined light at a detector. An optical path length difference between two optical paths from the illumination source to the detector is less than a coherence length of the illumination source. The image detected by the detector represents a difference in amplitude and phase distributions of the reticles allowing foreign particles, defects, or the like, to be easily distinguished.
US08189197B2	Optical sensor for characterizing a substrate A substrate characterization device is provided which includes an optical sensor module and a processor. The optical sensor module includes a light emitting source and a light receiving detector for communicating with the substrate and providing an indication of the diffusion of light through the substrate. The indication of the diffusion of light through the substrate is a signal provided to a processor in communication with a memory module for making a comparison of the signal generated by the optical sensor module with a reference signal to determine the quality of the substrate.
US08189192B2	Volume phase grating spectrometers and related methods and systems A Spectrometer is provided including a camera and an axial symmetric camera mount configured to receive the camera and to rotate. The spectrometer furthers include an input for providing optical radiation to a spectrometer system; a diffraction grating for dispersing the optical radiation along a prescribed plane; at least one lens for focusing wavelength-dispersed light onto at least one array of a detector of optical radiation, wherein the camera has at least one linear array of elements for detecting optical radiation; a mechanical housing, wherein the axial symmetric camera mount is configured to couple the camera to the mechanical housing; and a means for rotating the camera coupled to the mechanical housing about an axis. Related systems and methods are also provided.
US08189190B2	Remote chemical and elemental analysis by ultra fast spectroscopy Systems and methods are provided for monitoring materials using ultra fast laser pulses. Ultra fast laser pulses, such as femtosecond or attosecond laser pulses, are applied to the materials and laser pulses that result from interactions between the ultra fast laser pulses and the materials are collected. Spectral content of the resulting pulses is generated and presented. The elemental composition of the materials is determined using the spectral content.
US08189189B1	LED sensor for process control The invention relates to a device and method for monitoring a chemical reaction proceeding from a first state to a second state by emitting and detecting radiation in ranges of interest for a spectral signature of the material undergoing the chemical reaction. Using the concept of optical spectral detection and identification, it is therefore possible to utilize a combination of specific emitters and detectors, optics and signal processing in order to identify materials and events.
US08189187B2	Monolithic optical flow cells and method of manufacture An improved optical flow cell adapted for use in a flow cytometer for differentiating formed bodies (e.g., blood cells). Manufactured from a monolithic transparent material, the improved flow cell has an internal flow channel of polygonal transverse cross-section through which prepared samples can be metered and an external envelope suited to acquisition of optical parameters from formed bodies in such samples. Preferably, such flow cell is formed by a glass-drawing process in which a relatively large glass preform having a rectilinear internal channel of a desired polygonal cross-sectional shape is heated and drawn to achieve a desired cross-sectional area of reduced size. Also disclosed are preferred methods for differentiating formed bodies using the flow cell of the invention.
US08189183B2	Optical inspection apparatus An optical inspection apparatus capable of adjusting an incident angle of a detected light beam and adjusting a detecting angle for detecting the detected light beam. A driving mechanism is used to actuate two arms having a light source and a detector disposed thereon respectively to conduct a relative movement between the two arms so as to control the incident angle and the detecting angle. By means of the embodiments, mechanism for adjusting the angle is simplified so that the apparatus is capable of being adapted to combine with the application of micro sensors such that practicality of modularization design and microminiaturization and convenience of operation are capable of being greatly improved and that the cost can be reduced.
US08189182B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit device, optical scanner using same, image forming apparatus using optical scanner, and return light identification method A semiconductor integrated circuit device controlling a first light amount of light emitted from a light source based on a second light amount of light entering a light amount detection part so that the first light amount becomes a target level is disclosed. The semiconductor integrated circuit device includes a comparison part configured to compare a voltage corresponding to the second light amount and a reference voltage corresponding to the target level; and a drive current control part configured to control a drive current supplied to the light source based on the result of the comparison by the comparison part. The drive current control part includes a return light identification part configured to determine whether the second light amount includes a third light amount of return light occurring discontinuously.
US08189181B2	Method and system of evaluating a stereo image displaying panel A method and a system of evaluating a stereo image displaying panel are provided. The evaluation method includes the following steps. An inspection frame is displayed on the stereo image displaying panel, wherein the displaying surface of the stereo image displaying panel has a first normal vector. A luminance of the inspection frame is sensed by an image sensing apparatus, wherein the sensing surface of the image sensing apparatus has a second normal vector. An angle is formed between the first normal vector and the second normal vector. The luminance of the inspection frame is sensed in different angles. A maximum luminance of the inspection frame is sensed by the image sensing apparatus when the angle is equal to a first angle. A luminance uniformity of the inspection frame is analyzed at the first angle. An optimized viewable distance is measured, and the degree of cross-talk is calculated.
US08189180B2	Optical fiber transmission line measurement apparatus and system A measurement apparatus for measuring an optical fiber transmission line used to connect to an opposite apparatus, the measurement apparatus includes a transmission part for generating a measurement packet used for measuring a length of a first and second optical fiber transmission line, and transmitting the measurement packet to the opposite apparatus through the first optical fiber transmission line, a reception part for detecting the measurement packet returned from the opposite apparatus that perform a loopback processing of the measurement packet through the second optical fiber transmission line, a calculation part for calculating a packet transmission time which is a processing time required from the generation of the measurement packet to the detection of the measurement packet, and a measurement part for performing a measurement control of the length of the first and second optical fiber transmission line based on the packet transmission time calculated by the calculation part.
US08189179B2	System and method for hyperspectral and polarimetric imaging Embodiments of a system and method for collecting hyperspectral and polarimetric data that are spatially and temporally coincident include a dispersive element configured to receive incident electromagnetic radiation. The dispersive element is configured to disperse a non-zero order of the electromagnetic radiation into its constituent spectra, which is directed to a first focal plane array, and may be read out as hyperspectral data. The dispersive element is also configured to reflect a zero order of the electromagnetic radiation, which is directed through a polarity discriminating element to a second focal plane array, which may be read out as polarimetric data. By synchronously reading out the first and second focal plane arrays, the hyperspectral and polarimetric data may be both spatially and temporally coincident.
US08189178B2	Method for multi-spectral detection of aerosols A system and method for sampling constituents in air including counting particles in the air to be sampled; collecting samples of accumulated particles; measuring UV response of a sample of accumulated particles only if the particle count exceeds a predetermined threshold; measuring IR response of that sample; and indicating a threat alarm if the IR response matches that of a target within a predetermined threshold.
US08189176B2	Velocity detector A method of detecting the velocity of a moving object comprising the steps of: passing a beam of coherent light through an optical mask having a pattern of alternating opaque and non-opaque regions formed thereon, whereby an image of alternating light and dark fringes is projected along the length of the light beam; causing the moving object to pass through the projected image such that a portion of the light beam is reflected from the moving object as a series of pulses; detecting the reflected light pulses and the frequency of the pulses; and calculating the velocity of the object as a function of the pulse frequency and the known separation of the fringes of the image.
US08189175B2	Immersion lithography apparatus and tank thereof A tank for an immersion lithography apparatus provided. The tank has a container with a bottom plate and side plates connected to each, wherein the side plates surround and connect all edges of the bottom plate. The container is filled in at least a liquid having a refractive index thereof from about 1.4 to about 1.8. A platform is located in the container and immersed in the liquid. The platform has an axle fastened on a side thereof parallel to the bottom plate, wherein the axle passes through a bearing hole penetrated through one of the side plates. A roller disposed outside the container connects to the axle to rotate the axle, and furthermore, to incline the platform accordingly.
US08189173B2	Polarization control apparatus and method Apparatus and methods are used to control a polarization state of a radiation beam. A polarization control unit is configured to modulate a polarization state of at least a part of a radiation beam. A determination arrangement is configured to subsequently determine the polarization state of the at least a part of the radiation beam. A feedback unit is configured to provide signals to the polarization control arrangement based on at least the determined polarization state in order to correct for deviation in the polarization state of the part of the radiation beam from a desired polarization state. For example, the correction may ensure that the polarization state of the part of the radiation beam is at, or returns to, the desired polarization state.
US08189171B2	Plotting state adjusting method and device It is possible to set an optical magnification capable of making a recording position shift amount with respect to Y direction of the plotting point formed by a micro mirror within an allowance range from the relationship between a Y-direction distance between mirror images obtained by projecting micro mirrors constituting a DMD onto a substrate, an inclination angle of the DMD, an image pattern recording pitch, and an optical magnification.
US08189168B2	Exposure apparatus, device production method, cleaning apparatus, cleaning method, and exposure method An exposure apparatus exposes a substrate with an exposure light through an exposure liquid. The exposure apparatus includes an optical element from which the exposure light exits; a stage which is movable on the light-exit side of the optical element; a certain member which is provided on the stage; and a vibration generator which vibrates the certain member to apply vibration to the liquid in the liquid immersion space formed on the certain member. It is possible to suppress the deterioration of the performance which would be otherwise caused by any contamination.
US08189167B2	Mask holder for irradiating UV-rays A mask holder for irradiating UV-rays is disclosed in the present invention. The mask holder includes a lower part having a frame and a mask supporting member supporting a mask, wherein the mask supporting member is in the frame and has a plurality of first connecting portions, and an upper part having a plurality of second connecting portions to be aligned with the first connecting portions.
US08189164B2	Modularized display component and manufacturing method thereof A modulized display component and a manufacturing method for the same are disclosed in this invention. The display component of this invention is designed according to a modulization concept so that it can be attached to any driving circuit layer. Further, various manufacturing techniques can be used to form the alignment layers and protective layers in order to fabricate a trans-reflective, reflective, or transmissive color displaying component.
US08189163B2	Display device Disclosed is a display device including a first substrate and a second substrate bonded to the first substrate. The first substrate includes a first surface and a second surface, on which a columnar spacer is formed. The second substrate includes a third surface, on which a columnar spacer facing portion is formed, and a fourth surface. The second surface is opposed to the third surface, and at least one of a top portion of the columnar spacer and the columnar spacer facing portion has an inclined surface, which is inclined relative to the second surface or the third surface. An inclination direction of the inclined surface, when viewed from a normal direction of the first surface or the fourth surface, is parallel to or perpendicular to a first direction, which is parallel to the first surface or the fourth surface.
US08189161B2	Chip-on-glass panel device A chip-on-glass panel device includes a glass substrate having a pixel area, an integrated circuit area, and a fan out area, the fan out area located between the pixel area and the IC area, a plurality of integrated circuit devices arranged within the integrated area of the glass substrate, each of the plurality of integrated circuit devices havean active surface, a plurality of output pads, each arranged on the active surface, and a plurality of signal pads/gamma pads, each arranged on the active surface, and a plurality of signal wires/gamma wires, each having a curved shape geometry and disposed within the fan out area, for connecting the plurality of signal pads/gamma pads of adjacent ones of the plurality of integrated circuit devices through the fan out area.
US08189160B2	Display substrate and liquid crystal display panel having the same A display substrate comprises gate lines, data lines intersecting the gate lines, and a pixel electrode connected to at least one of the gate lines and at least one of the data lines. The pixel electrode comprises one or more micro-slit patterns each of which comprises a plurality of micro-electrodes separated by slits. The pixel electrode comprises a first shielding pattern interconnecting end portions of two or more of the micro-electrodes of one of the one or more micro-slit patterns, the end portions overlapping with one of the gate lines.
US08189155B2	Array panel An array panel is provided. The array panel includes a substrate, a common electrode, and pixel structures. Each pixel structure includes a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, and a shield. The first pixel electrode has a central portion, first branches that connect to the central portion, and a connecting portion. The shield overlaps with at least the central portion of the first pixel electrode. The connecting portion connects the ends of at least two of the first branches. The central portion connects perpendicularly with one of the first branches; this branch overlaps with at least part of the common electrode so that the width of this branch is greater than or equal to that of the common electrode. The second pixel electrode, adjacent to the first pixel electrode, comprises a central portion and second branches that connect to the central portion.
US08189145B2	Display device and method of manufacturing the same A display device formed by plural pixels that have reflective regions and transmissive regions is disclosed. The display device includes, in each of the pixels: an element layer formed on a substrate; a planarizing layer formed on the substrate to cover the element layer; and a gap adjusting layer formed on the planarizing layer on the element layer. In the display device, the reflective region is formed by an area including the element layer, the planarizing layer, the gap adjusting layer, and a reflection electrode formed on the gap adjusting layer, and the transmissive region is formed by an area including the planarizing layer formed on the substrate excluding an area in which the gap adjusting layer is formed.
US08189144B2	Liquid crystal display having a patterned retardation film and method for manufacturing the same A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the substrates and has a reflective area and a transmissive area. At least one of the substrates is provided with a retardation film whose phase difference differs between the reflective area and the transmissive area. Alternatively, at least one of the substrates is provided with a retardation film whose slow axis differs between the reflective area and the transmissive area.
US08189142B2	Electro-optical device, color filter substrate and electronic apparatus Provided is an electro-optical device including: a pair of substrates; an electro-optical material sandwiched between the pair of substrates; a seal material disposed in a seal region located at the periphery of a region in which the electro-optical material is provided on the pair of substrates so as to bond the pair of substrate to each other, between the pair of substrates; and a coloring layer provided in a concave portion formed in the region in which the electro-optical material is provided on one substrate, wherein a upper surface of a coloring layer facing the electro-optical material is formed nearer to the other substrate than a seal region surface overlapping with the seal material on one substrate.
US08189141B2	Semiconductor device External light is reflected due to a difference in refractive indices of a black matrix and a glass substrate. When the black matrix is a black resin, there is a difference in refractive indices of the black resin and a first substrate. Also, there is a difference in refractive indices of the colored layer and the first substrate. Therefore, external light is slightly reflected. There is a problem in that the reflected light reduces contrast. A structure in which one polarizing element having dichroism is interposed between a pair of substrates is employed, and a light interference layer is provided between a color filter and a glass substrate, whereby a difference in refractive indices is moderated to reduce light reflection.
US08189140B2	Liquid crystal display device having common electrode being formed on color filter patterns An LCD device and a method for fabricating the same is described, in which each of light-shielding patterns has the uniform thickness to prevent the step coverage from being generated in color filter patterns by the light-shielding patterns. The LCD device includes a substrate with pixel and light shielding regions definede, a transparent material layer formed on the substrate corresponding to the pixel regions, a light-shielding layer formed on the substrate corresponding to the light shielding regions, and a color filter layer on the transparent material layer.
US08189136B2	Display device having an optical sheet with hardened part and manufacturing method for the same A liquid crystal display contains a light source, a light guide panel that directs light from the light source towards a display panel, and optical sheets containing a diffusion sheet that spreads the light from the light guide panel and at least one prism sheet that redirects light from the diffusion sheet in a direction substantially perpendicular to the display panel. The optical sheets contain a region adjacent to the light source that has a hardened part that substantially prevents heat from being transferred to a display region of the optical sheet corresponding to the display region of the display panel and minimizes the temperature difference across the display region. The hardened part is formed on at least opposing sides of the optical sheets, overlaps a non-display region of the display panel and is bent or contains a convex part that projects towards the display panel.
US08189128B2	Liquid crystal display having first and second diffusion members and a plurality of sensors that can detect a sensing signal reflected from an object A liquid crystal display includes: a liquid crystal panel; a plurality of first light sources disposed below the liquid crystal panel; a first diffusion member disposed between the liquid crystal panel and the first light sources; a plurality of second light sources disposed below the liquid crystal panel and which emit a sensing signal toward the liquid crystal panel; and a plurality of sensors disposed in or below the liquid crystal panel. The sensing signal emitted from the plurality of second light sources toward the liquid crystal panel is reflected by an object disposed above the liquid crystal panel and is detected by the plurality of sensors before transmitting through the first diffusion member away from the liquid crystal panel such that a shape of the object is determined based on the sensing signal reflected from the object and detected by the plurality of sensors.
US08189127B2	Input device According to the input device of the present invention, phase-difference plate (11) with ¼ wavelength is disposed on the top surface of upper substrate (1) of touch panel (12). As a result of passing through phase-difference plate (11), lamplight 9a that illuminates LCD element (8) goes outside as outgoing-light 9c with a phase-shift of ¼ wavelength. With the structure above, a user wearing polarized sunglasses—even if they have an absorption axis in a direction the same as that of lamplight 9a—can easily recognize the displays shown by LCD element (8) on the back surface of touch panel (12). The structure offers a user-friendly input device with good visibility of LCD element (8).
US08189126B2	Display device A display device including a control module, a plastic rear cover, a display panel, a buffer element and a plastic front cover is provided. The plastic rear cover includes a plurality of supporting ribs protruded from an inner surface of the plastic rear cover. An outer surface of the plastic rear cover has a receiving portion, in which the control module is received. The display panel includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface is disposed in accordance with the inner surface of the plastic rear cover. The buffer element is leant against the second surface. The plastic front cover has a display opening used for exposing a part of the second surface, and is leant against the buffer element.
US08189123B2	Projection apparatus A projection apparatus is specified, comprising a light modulator having a light receiving region with a cross-sectional area to be illuminated of the size AM and a maximum acceptance angle α for incident light, and at least one light source by means of which, during its operation, a light cone is produced for illuminating said cross-sectional area of said light receiving region and which comprises a number N of LED chips having a maximum radiation angle β. At least one of the LED chips has a radiation decoupling area of the size AD. The relation 0.7·(AM·sin2(α))/(AD·sin2(β)·n2)≦N≦1.3·(AM·sin2(α))/(AD·sin2(β)·n2) applies, where n is equal to 1 or to the refractive index of a coupling medium with which the LED chips are provided.
US08189119B2	Channel control techniques Techniques involving the reception of content are disclosed. For example, an apparatus may include a tuning detection module, a channel selection module, and a remote tuning module. The tuning detection module determines a local tuning of a user device. This determination may be made from a leakage signal (e.g., local oscillator (LO) leakage) generated by the user device. Based on the determined local tuning, the channel selection module selects an output channel from a remote digital tuner. The output channel may then be tuned by the remote tuning module for reception by the user device at its local tuning.
US08189118B2	Communication apparatus and control method A communication apparatus includes a display unit, a communication unit, and a control unit. The display unit displays video data. The communication unit communicates with an external apparatus. The control unit controls the communication apparatus in accordance with a command received by the communication unit. If the display unit is in a mute state and the communication unit is sending the external apparatus the data for placing the external apparatus in a mute state, the control unit determines not to control the communication apparatus in accordance with the command.
US08189114B2	Automated method for temporal segmentation of a video into scenes with taking different types of transitions between frame sequences into account The automated detection of scene boundaries supports the user in browsing a video. Establishing the similarity between two respective frame sequences is made by choosing and comparing respective key-frames from each frame sequence, which are temporally as far apart from each other as possible but lie outside gradual transitions. Additionally or alternatively, film grammar- and probability-based taking into account of all types of transitions with respect to their separating and/or merging effect on the frame sequences surrounding the transitions and a differently weighted incorporation of the effects of the different types of transitions into uniting frame sequences k into scenes is provided. Thus, all types of transitions are incorporated in determining frame sequence boundaries as scene boundaries with a corresponding weighting, both their separating and merging effect is taken into account, and this knowledge is introduced on a probability basis into the decision in existing scene detection methods.
US08189109B2	Digital image converting apparatus with auto-correcting phase and method thereof A digital image converting apparatus with auto-correcting phase and a method thereof are provided. The digital image converting apparatus includes a phase controller, a delay locked loop (DLL), an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a position adjuster. The phase controller selects one of preset phases for outputting and continuously changes the output preset phase for controlling a clock signal produced by the delay locked loop. The ADC converts an analog display frame according to the adjusted clock signal. After all the preset phases are output in sequence, the phase controller can obtain an optimal phase for converting the display frame according to the smallest front porch of horizontal scan line and the smallest back porch of horizontal scan line of a digital display frame produced by the position adjuster.
US08189105B2	Systems and methods of motion and edge adaptive processing including motion compensation features Systems and methods of processing pixel information associated with video image deinterlacing are disclosed. In one exemplary implementation, the method may include performing an edge adaptive interpolation process on a present field so as to determine whether an edge passes through a pixel, wherein the edge adaptive interpolation process provides edge data including a first intensity estimate for the pixel, receiving motion data associated with motion compensation processing, including an estimated motion vector for at least one pixel proximate to the pixel in at least one reference field, determining a second intensity estimate for the pixel as a function of the edge data and the motion data, and performing an intensity-calculation procedure, wherein an interpolated intensity of the pixel is calculated as a function of the first intensity estimate and the second intensity estimate.
US08189104B2	Apparatus, method, and computer program product for detecting motion vector and for creating interpolation frame An apparatus for creating an interpolation frame includes a first computing unit that computes a first motion vector in relation to a first block in a first reference frame, a second extracting unit that extracts a second block in a second reference frame based on the first motion vector, a first calculating unit that calculates a correlation between the first block and the second block, a third extracting unit that extracts a third block that is shifted from the second block by a certain number of pixels, a second calculating unit that calculates a correlation between the first block and the third block, and a third computing unit that computes a motion vector for an interpolation block based on a most-highly correlated block-pair.
US08189103B2	Pull-down detection apparatus and pull-down detection method A pull-down detection apparatus includes a pixel comparator at least performing pixel comparison between a subsequent field and a present field to determine a presence of a pixel change between the subsequent field and the present field, a field comparator compiles a determination result in the pixel comparator by dividing the result according to pixel location in the fields and determining a presence of an image change between the subsequent field and the present field based on the divided compiled determination result, and a pull-down determinater determining that the input video signal is generated by pull-down processing based on a history of a determination result in the field comparator.
US08189101B2	Data connector for an electronics device One embodiment of the invention sets forth a hand-held electronics device for recording digital video that includes a housing, a processor disposed within the housing, and a data connector coupled to the processor such that data can be transmitted to and from the processor through the data connector. The data connector includes an arm rotationally coupled to the housing, and an adapter portion matable with a corresponding adapter of a computer system. The data connector forms a portion of a top part or a bottom part of the housing when in a retracted position. Among other things, the disclosed hand-held electronics device advantageously enables a user to easily, with one hand, hold the hand-held electronics device and slide the trigger with a thumb or other finger to release the data connector into the extended position.
US08189096B2	Video light system and method for improving facial recognition using a video camera A video lighting system (100) for use with a personal computer or other electronic device (103) includes a display (105) that is used in connection with a microprocessor running facial recognition software that is used to prevent unauthorized access to the personal computer (103). A camera (107) is used for providing images to the facial recognition software where the display operates in a first mode for displaying images to a user and in a second mode for illuminating the user's face for detection by the camera (107).
US08189095B2	Method and apparatus for superresolution imaging An apparatus and method are disclosed for providing superresolution imaging of a target, including remote targets. An apparatus for superresolution imaging may include a receiver having a predefined receiving aperture for capturing an image of the target. The apparatus may also include a plurality of transmitters spaced apart from one another and configured to concurrently emit signals with a phase difference therebetween. The plurality of transmitters may be further configured to emit overlapping beams onto the target to produce a fringe pattern modulated at spatial frequencies beyond the resolution limit of the receiving aperture. The apparatus may further include a processor configured to process the image including at least a portion of the fringe pattern in order to produce a superresolved image including spatial frequency content beyond the resolution limit of the receiving aperture. A corresponding method may also be provided.
US08189094B2	Image processing apparatus and image processing method An image processing apparatus includes a luminance value calculation unit configured to calculate a luminance average value and a luminance peak value from an image obtained by image-capturing for each of frames formed by dividing one screen, a first calculation unit configured to combine the luminance average value and the luminance peak value obtained for each of the frames, a second calculation unit configured to calculate an average value of composite values equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value among composite values obtained by the first calculation unit, and a setting unit configured to set knee strength based on the average value of the composite values obtained by the second calculation unit.
US08189092B2	Apparatus and method for adjusting focus using modulation transfer functions Provided are an apparatus and method for adjusting focus using the MTF characteristics of a lens in a digital image processing apparatus that adjusts focus using optical characteristics of a lens. The apparatus for adjusting focus includes: an image pickup unit in which modulation transfer function (MTF) data, which can be used to represent the performance of a lens, is stored; and a digital signal processing unit that calculates a focus peak value of an image and a defocus correction value based on the MTF data, and corrects the focus position using the focus peak value and the defocus correction value.
US08189083B2	Solid-state imaging device, method for manufacturing the same and imaging apparatus A solid-state imaging device includes a semiconductor substrate having a pixel region including a photoelectric conversion portion, a wiring portion including a conductor line and disposed on the semiconductor substrate with an insulating film therebetween, a metal pad connected to the conductor line, a pad-coating insulating film coating the metal pad, and a waveguide material layer. The wiring portion and the pad-coating insulating film each have an opening therein over the photoelectric conversion portion, and the openings continue from each other to define a waveguide opening having an open side and a closed side. The waveguide material layer is disposed in the waveguide opening and on the pad-coating insulating film with a passivation layer therebetween. The pad-coating insulating film has a thickness of 50 to 250 nm and a face defining the opening. The face is slanted so as to diverge toward the open side of the opening.
US08189081B2	Solid-state imaging apparatus, driving method thereof, camera, and copier A solid-state imaging apparatus includes a plurality of unit cells, each including a plurality of pixels having mutually different color components and a first selecting unit outputting one of the signals from the plurality of pixels selectively. The unit cells are classified into groups. The solid-state imaging apparatus further includes holding units, each provided to each of the unit cells and holding the signal output from the first selecting unit, a plurality of common output lines for outputting signals of mutually different color components, and second selecting units, each selecting one of the plurality of common output lines to output the signals held in the holding unit to the selected common output line. The first selecting units severally output a signal of a different color component from each of the unit cell groups.
US08189078B2	Imaging apparatus An imaging apparatus includes an image pickup device that images a photogenic subject, a drive part that drives the image pickup device in order to read out image signals from the image pickup device, a digital signal processing part in which image signals outputted from the image pickup device are inputted and processed, one image display part connected to the digital signal processing part and configured to display using one display format a processed image, another image display part connected to the digital signal processing part and configured to display using another display format the processed image and which requires more time for display processing than the time required for display processing by the one display format and an image switch-over part for switching over an image display device between the one image display part and the another image display part. The digital signal processing part includes an operation speed shift part for setting the speed of operation of the drive part in correspondence to the switch-over of an image display device from the one image display part to the another image display part and a smear detection part for detecting smears based on image data obtained from the image pickup device. When smears are not detected based on the detection result of the smear detection part, the digital signal processing part maintains the speed of operation when an image is displayed in the another image display part to the speed of operation when an image is displayed in the one image display part.
US08189076B2	Method for compensating image data A method for compensating image data is adapted for an image sensor. The image sensor has a plurality of photo sensors arranged in an effective region and an optical black region. The method for compensating image data includes a plurality of monochromatic light representative values Si corresponding to pixel positions i is extracted from the photo sensors of the optical black region; a plurality of monochromatic image intensity values VO is extracted from the photo sensors of the effective region; the monochromatic light representative values Si are converted respectively to a plurality of monochromatic compensation values f(Si); and compensated image data VF is output after compensating the monochromatic image intensity values VO respectively based on the pixel positions i and the corresponding monochromatic compensation values f(Si). Through the method for compensating image data, a smear effect in the effective region can be compensated effectively.
US08189075B2	Image processing apparatus and image processing method for generating second image data by interpolating color components of pixels in first image data A digital camera first carries out R component and B component interpolation processing on image data. Then, magnification chromatic aberration correction processing is carried out on the image data that has undergone R component and B component interpolation processing. Then, G component interpolation processing is carried out on the image data that has undergone magnification chromatic aberration correction processing. In carrying out G component interpolation processing, a determination is made as to the G components of which pixels to use in the interpolation processing based on R components or B components of the image data that has undergone magnification chromatic aberration correction processing.
US08189072B2	Program and information processing device allowing storage of information for identifying user When setting that a situation permits photographing is made, a CPU causes a first image obtained by photographing of a field by an image pick-up portion to be stored as an input image in association with prescribed information. In contrast, when setting that a situation does not permit photographing is made, the CPU accepts user's drawing input onto an input portion and causes a second image in accordance with the drawing input to be stored as the input image in association with the prescribed information. Thus, an image of a type appropriate for a condition of use can be stored in association with the prescribed information.
US08189068B2	Apparatus and method for detecting flicker noise and computer readable medium stored thereon computer executable instructions for performing the method An apparatus for detecting flicker noise disclosed in the present invention comprises an output unit for outputting a standard data for flicker noise judgment using a statistical calculation value for each calculated line based on brightness information of pixels for each line of an object image for flicker noise detection; a flicker line detection unit for detecting flicker lines, namely, lines corresponding to the standard data where the distance between the lines are within a predetermined allowance of a regular interval; and a judgment unit for comparing the number of the detected flicker lines with a standard number for flicker noise judgment to judge if the object image is a flicker noise image.The present invention can realize a method for detecting flicker noise, in which an image obtained with the reduced calculation time and use of a minimum memory has a robust in characteristics of a subject.
US08189066B2	Image processing apparatus, image processing method, and computer-readable medium An image processing apparatus includes an evaluation value calculation unit configured to acquire an evaluation value from image data, a reduction coefficient calculation unit configured to calculate a reduction coefficient based on the evaluation value, a reduction unit configured to subject the image data to image processing to reduce color bleeding in a target area in the image data based on the reduction coefficient, and a size change unit configured to change the size of the image data. The reduction coefficient calculation unit calculates the reduction coefficient to reduce the color bleeding in a target area in the image data when the evaluation value exceeds a threshold. The threshold is set so that the range of the evaluation value where the reduction coefficient is not calculated when the size change unit sets the size of the image data to a second value larger than a first value is made wider than the range of the evaluation value where the reduction coefficient is not calculated when the size change unit sets the size of the image data to the first value.
US08189063B2	Image pickup system and image pickup program An image pickup system includes a verification unit for verifying a reliability related to a plurality of image signals obtained by an image-pickup operation performed by setting a spectral characteristic of a color image sensor system different; a correction unit for performing a correction processing on the plurality of image signals on the basis of the reliability; and an estimation unit for performing an estimation for an unknown spectral characteristic related to a subject or an illumination light on the basis of the plurality of image signals on which the correction processing is performed.
US08189052B1	Method and system for evaluating video processing technology Media, systems, and methods are provided for evaluating a video processing technology based on subjective feedback. Videos from a plurality of sources for one or more subjective feedback targets are randomly selected. The selected videos with a video processing technology are processed, such that the selected videos include at least one impairment. The selected videos are transmitted to the one or more subjective feedback targets. Subjective feedback is received from the one or more subjective feedback targets regarding a perceptional aspect of the selected videos.
US08189050B1	Filtering systems and methods for infrared image processing Systems and methods are disclosed herein to provide filtering techniques for image processing applications. For example, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a Median-X filtering algorithm is disclosed that may be used for various infrared image processing applications.
US08189047B2	Airborne laser image capturing system and method The invention relates to an airborne laser image capturing system which comprises: (a) A laser source and laser focal plan array; (b) A pulse generator; (c) A scanning unit for providing to the gimbals a scanning signal for effecting a sequential stepping-scanning movement to scan an area in which the target is included; (d) A motion compensation unit; (e) A timing unit for: (e.i) Activating said pulse generator during a scanning period, thereby to produce over the target a series of illumination spots, each of said spots overlaps at least a portion of one or more adjacent spots; and (e.ii) Activating said laser focal plan array during the illumination of the target thereby to capture many of distinct spot-images (f) A correlating unit for correlating images; and (g) A combining unit for combining the spot-images to a complete image of the scanned area.
US08189045B2	Surveillance camera A surveillance camera comprises a base mounted on a wall, an imaging lens mounted on the base via an imaging lens support member and a switchable mounting unit, and a rotation drive device driving the imaging lens so as to rotate in a panning direction. The switchable mounting unit selects either a first posture wherein a seating mount of the base, making contact with the wall, is approximately perpendicular to an axis of panning rotation of the imaging lens or a second posture wherein the seating mount is approximately parallel to the axis of panning rotation, and mounts the imaging lens support member on the base.
US08189042B2	Vision analysis system for a process vessel A remote vision analysis system for a vessel containing a process liquid having gas bubbles or particles floating therein. A probe extends into the vessel and enables in-situ observation of the process liquid, gas bubbles or particles, and/or surfaces within the vessel. The probe has a proximal end that includes a camera for recording still or motion images of the process liquid, gas bubbles or particles, and/or surfaces within the vessel. An elongate distal end of the probe extends within an interior of the vessel and is housed within a hermetically sealed protective shroud having a lens, or window, through which images are recorded by the camera. The probe is modular and includes interchangeable parts.
US08189041B2	Endoscope signal processing apparatus An endoscope signal processing apparatus has a first video signal generating circuit and a second video signal generating circuit which respectively generate a first video signal and a second video signal offering different resolutions depending on a first image capturing device and a second image capturing device respectively which are mounted in an endoscope removably connected to an endoscope connecting portion. The first and second video signals can be selectively output to an exterior through a common video signal output connector.
US08189034B2	Combined exchange of image and related depth data A method of combined exchange of image data and related depth data is disclosed. The method comprises: converting an input image signal, representing the image data, comprising a predetermined number of input color components (R,G,B) into an output image signal comprising a luminance component and a chrominance component; combining the output signal with the related depth data into a combined signal, comprising the luminance component, the chrominance component and a depth component (D) which is based on the depth data; and transmission of the combined signal over a number of channels (108-112) which is equal to the predetermined number of input color components (R,G,B).
US08189031B2	Method and apparatus for providing panoramic view with high speed image matching and mild mixed color blending An apparatus and method of providing a panoramic image, the method including: preparing images of a plurality of levels, which are made by scaling each of two source images at several rates; computing a Sum of Square Difference (SSD) between two corresponding images in each of the plurality of levels of the two source images to form an image stitched together; and when stitching the two images, the overlapping area is divided into a plurality of parts and each part is assigned a weight which is linearly applied respectively to the divided part of each source image for blending color. The apparatus includes stitching units to stitch source images together at the plurality of levels and blending units to color blend the source images in the overlapped area.
US08189028B2	Method and apparatus for taking images during a video call on a mobile communication terminal A method and apparatus for taking images while making a video call on a mobile communication terminal having a video call feature are provided. A method for taking images on a mobile communication terminal including a camera sensor for photographing an image to output an image signal and a signal processor receiving the image signal from the camera sensor to convert the image signal to image data includes determining whether there is a request to take an image during a video call and extracting, if there is a request to take an image, the image signal output from the camera sensor, converting the image signal to image data for storage, and storing the image data while performing the video call. The method enables production and storage of image data using a controller instead of a signal processor functioning for performing a video call, thus allowing high quality still or motion video image data to be taken and stored while making a video call.
US08189027B2	Exposure unit, image forming apparatus and image forming method An exposure unit which exposes photoconductive drums having rotary axes thereof arranged parallel to each other on a single plane by light beams, includes one or more polygon mirrors each having a plurality of reflection surfaces, where the one or more polygon mirrors rotate about a common rotary axis. Each light beam is deflected by the one or more polygon mirrors and scans the surface of a corresponding photoconductive drum. The common rotary axis is separated from the rotary axes of the photoconductive drums by identical distances along respective normals which are perpendicular to both the common rotary axis and the rotary axes of the photoconductive drums.
US08189026B2	Method and apparatus for correcting print images in an electrophotographic printer A method of correcting print images in an electrophotographic printer wherein an image formed by a print head (3) on a peripheral surface of a photoconductor drum (1) is transferred and printed on a sheet of paper. The method comprises: furnishing the print head with a standard tacho signal in the form of pulses and thereby printing on a sheet of paper a check mark (9) for each given number of pulses of the standard tacho signal while the photoconductor drum makes one rotation; by means of a camera (10), detecting a periodic deviation in each spacing between successive such check marks; in response to the deviation in each spacing between the successive check marks, varying the pulse width of pulses of the standard tacho signal for each spacing between the successive check marks, thereby to provide a modified tacho signal; and effecting printing thereafter based on the modified tacho signal.
US08189025B2	Thermal printer A thermal printer includes a thermal head, a platen roller configured to press the thermal head, an engaging part configured to engage the platen roller provided at a side part of a main part where the thermal head is provided, and a spring part provided at a part of the side part so as to engage the platen roller with the engaging part. The spring part forms a part of a side surface of the engaging part. The spring part is made of a material the same as a material of the side part.
US08189024B2	Neutralization apparatus and printer having neutralization apparatus The invention provides a neutralization apparatus which simplifies an apparatus composition, lowers an apparatus cost and removes electrical charge effectively from a ribbon-like substance which is charged by stripping, and provides a printer having the neutralization apparatus. The neutralization apparatus neutralizes an ink ribbon. The neutralization apparatus has a conductive roller which is arranged so as to contact the surface of the ink ribbon and a neutralization brush which counters the back of the ink ribbon. A balance of the electrical charge of the surface and the electrical charge of the back of the ink ribbon is broken by electrical discharge caused by the conductive roller. And thereby, the charged voltage of the electrical charge of the back of the ink ribbon becomes large and the neutralization brush remove the electrical charge charged to the back of the ink ribbon effectively.
US08189022B2	Thermal head, thermal printer, and manufacturing method for thermal head To improve print quality, a plurality of heating resistors (14) are arranged with spaces therebetween on a heat storage layer (13) laminated on a surface of a supporting substrate (11) via an adhesive layer (12) made of an elastic material. A cavity portion (19) is formed at a region between the supporting substrate (11) and the heat storage layer (13), the region being opposed to a heat generating portion of each of the plurality of heating resistors (14). The elastic material constituting the adhesive layer (12) is arranged so that the elastic material is in a bonded state with respect to at least a part of a surface of the heat storage layer (13) opposed to the cavity portion (19).
US08189017B2	Apparatus and method for controlling picture quality of flat panel display An apparatus and method for controlling picture quality of a flat panel display. The apparatus for controlling picture quality of the flat panel display includes a position determining unit which determines a display position of digital video data; a gray-level determining unit which determines a gray-level value of the digital video data; and a frame rate control unit that disperses a plurality of dither patterns determined by a compensation value for compensating for brightness in a boundary between the panel defect region and the non-defect region during a plurality of frame periods and controls data, which will be displayed in the boundary, by the compensation value, if the digital video data is determined to the data which will be displayed in the boundary between the panel defect region and the non-defect region according to the determined result of the position determining unit.
US08189016B2	Post-color space conversion processing system and methods A display system uses a post-scaling module for producing a single scaling factor. A post-scaling unit for scaling image data values is constructed as a function of scaling requirements, such as backlight illumination, saturation of the image data values, and out-of-gamut correction. This single scaling factor may be a function of the scaling requirements. Some of these scaling requirements could be selected from a group scaling considerations, such as saturation based scaling, out-of-gamut scaling, and non-linear scaling. A non-linear scale module could be used to enhance dark color values and may depend on the luminance value of image data values. Once these scaling requirements are determined, there are ways of combining them to create the single scaling factor. These ways may include multiplying the scaling requirements, taking the minimum of them, or taking a combination of them.
US08189012B2	Digital image composition method A digital image composition method is adapted to eliminate a ghost image produced by a digital image-capturing apparatus due to handshakes in shooting. The method includes the steps. In a pre-shooting process, a base image and a comparison image are respectively captured. A base pixel is selected from the base image, and a core window is set with the base pixel at the center. A comparison pixel is selected from the comparison image, and a search window is set with the comparison pixel at the center. Each area of the search window is compared through the core window, and an absolute error sum value between the base image and the comparison image is calculated. It is determined how to change the brightness of the base pixel according to the normalized region difference value. The above steps are repeated to adjust each pixel in the base image.
US08189011B2	System and method for controlling lighting systems A light panel (115, 215, 403, 503, 513, 603, 605) having a predetermined number of emitted color options and a processor (113, 213) operably coupled to the light panel (115, 215, 403, 503, 513, 603, 605). The processor (113, 213) responds to a first color selection actuation by controlling the light panel (115, 215, 403, 503, 513, 603, 605) to display each of the predetermined emitted light options within different portions of the light panel (115, 215, 403, 503, 513, 603, 605). Thereafter, the processor (113, 213) responds to a second color selection actuation by controlling the light panel (115, 215, 403, 503, 513, 603, 605) to display a selected one of the predetermined emitted light options substantially over the light panel (115, 215, 403, 503, 513, 603, 605), wherein the selected one of the predetermined emitted light options is indicated by the second color selection actuation.
US08189008B2	Color control intuitive touchpad A method and apparatus whereby a two-dimensional touchpad control for selecting color is implemented via a touch sensitive surface with a graphical attachment on its surface to select both an intensity and a color. The graphical attachment having two regions, one region being a rectangular shape to select the intensity via a Y-axis and the other being a two dimensional X/Y-axis control surface with color Hue on one axis and color Saturation on the other axis. Software running in a control device monitors touchpad regions for user inputs and converts the raw selected parameters on the touchpad into the Hue, Saturation and Intensity information, used in the preferred embodiment to control light fixture color and intensity.
US08189007B2	Graphics engine and method of distributing pixel data A graphics engine and related method of operation are disclosed in which a pixel distributor distributes pixel data across a plurality of pixel shaders using a first approach when the presence of one or more rendering features is indicated, else using a second approach different from the first approach.
US08189004B2	Translating Renderman shading language code The present disclosure includes, among other things, systems, methods and program products for translating RenderMan shading language code.
US08189001B2	Method and apparatus for parallel ray-tracing employing modular space division Novel method and system for distributed database ray-tracing is presented, based on modular mapping of scene-data among processors. Its inherent properties include scattering data among processors for improved load balancing, and matching between geographical proximity in the scene with communication proximity between processors. High utilization is enabled by unique mechanism of cache sharing. The resulting improved performance enables deep level of ray tracing for real time applications.
US08188999B2	Method and apparatus for organizing object geometry for spatial and memory coherency and optimal rendering Methods and computing devices enable the generation of contiguous triangle patches for use in generating triangle strips for processing in a computer graphics engine. A seed triangle is selected and a patch of contiguous triangles is formed by incrementally adding adjacent triangles to the patch at equal steps from the seed triangle until a limit is reached or no more triangles can be added to the patch. Triangles whose vertices are already included in the patch are also added to the patch. If no more triangles can be added to the patch before the vertex limit is reached, a new seed triangle may be selected and another patch generated until the vertex limit is reached. Forming patches of contiguous triangles before generating triangle strips improves memory utilization can speed the processing of computer graphic objects.
US08188998B2	System and method of proximity detection A computer implemented method of visualizing an infrastructure comprising: acquiring a cross section definition, the definition comprising points defining a link and link information, each of the points exhibiting a type; creating at least one three dimensional face linking points of a same type; assigning a face rendering for each of the created at least one three dimensional faces with a material definitional associated with the link information; and displaying the faces with the rendering. The invention also provides for a computing system operable to: acquire a cross section definition, the definition comprising points defining a link and link information, each of the points exhibiting a type; create at least one three dimensional face linking points of a same type; and assign a face rendering for each of the created at least one three dimensional faces with a material definitional associated with the link information.
US08188991B2	Display device and driving method thereof In one embodiment of the present invention, a driving TFT, a switching TFT, and an organic EL element are provided in series on a first path which connects a power source line and a common cathode. The switching TFT is provided on a second path which connects a node between the driving TFT and the switching TFT and a source wiring line. Further, the switching TFT is turned ON so as to cause the second path to be conductive and the switching TFT is turned OFF so that a branch extending from the node on the first path toward the organic EL element is caused to be non-conductive. As a result, it is possible to realize a display device and a driving method thereof whereby the contrast can be made higher than a conventional pixel circuit and deterioration of an electro-optical element can be suppressed.
US08188988B2	Finger navigation device A finger navigation device is disclosed herein. An embodiment of the navigation device comprises a substrate; a light emitter located on the substrate; a photosensor located on the substrate; and a first cover located above the light emitter and the photosensor. The first cover has a first side and a second side, wherein the first side faces the substrate. A first lens is located in the first cover proximate the light emitter. An aperture is located in the first cover proximate the photosensor. A second cover faces the second side of the first cover and has a first surface proximate a transparent portion.
US08188975B2	Method and apparatus for continuous key operation of mobile terminal A method for providing a continuous key operation in a mobile terminal that uses an input unit for detecting position movement of an object relative to the input unit depending on a change of an input signal, and a mobile terminal implementing the method, is provided. In the method, whether position movement is detected through the input unit is determined. When the position movement is detected, whether a continuous operation control key is actuated within a predefined time is determined. When the continuous operation control key is actuated within the predefined time, an operation corresponding to the detected position movement is repeatedly performed. The method for the continuous key operation of the mobile terminal provides convenience to a user who uses a directional key service through an optical mouse and a touchscreen.
US08188973B2	Apparatus and method for tracking a light pointer A light pointer apparatus has a light source module for projecting a light beam onto a surface. The light pointer apparatus also has an image sensor module and a transmitter module. The image sensor module detects a position in the surface of a visible light spot generated by the projected light beam striking the surface. The transmitter module transmits the position of the visible light spot to a remote device for remote control of a device.
US08188972B1	System and method for providing a visual indicator which indicates functions of multi-purpose controls in a cursor-driven display environment The present invention is a method for providing a visual indicator which indicates functions of multi-purpose controls in a current cursor location context. The method includes providing a current cursor location context. The method further includes providing a visual indicator based on the current cursor location context. The visual indicator indicates a function of a multi-purpose control. The multi-purpose control is configured for allowing a user to interact with a cursor at the cursor's current location within the current cursor location context. Further, indicating the function of the multi-purpose control includes, prior to activation of the multi-purpose control, providing information regarding an interaction to take place with the cursor when the multi-purpose control is activated.
US08188969B2	Dual pointer management method using cooperating input sources and efficient dynamic coordinate remapping The pointer management technology establishes a protocol and method for dual pointer management in both absolute input mode and relative input mode. The method defines a set of properties/constraints for contextual dynamic remapping between input sensor coordinates and target screen coordinates. The remapping of the left pointer (respectively the right pointer) depends on the position of the right pointer (respectively the left pointer) in the target screen space. This inter-dependence enables a more flexible and more powerful interaction as it exploits the contextual layout to re-estimate the remapping transformations at each instant.
US08188966B2	Image display device and method capable of adjusting brightness Provided is an image display device capable of adjusting brightness. The image display device includes a brightness determining unit that determines the brightness of image data, applied from outside, so as to output a backlight selection signal and a contrast selection signal; a backlight control unit that is connected to the brightness determining unit and outputs a backlight driving voltage for supplying backlight with brightness corresponding to the backlight selection signal; a contrast control unit that is connected to the brightness determining unit and outputs an image output signal for outputting an image of which the contrast is adjusted to correspond to the contrast selection signal; and an image display unit that is connected to the backlight control unit and the contrast control unit and receives the backlight driving voltage and the image output signal so as to display an image in which the brightness of the backlight and the contrast of the image data are respectively adjusted.
US08188963B2	Driving circuit for liquid crystal display device and method of driving the same A flat panel display device and a method of driving the same are disclosed, to cut down the cost of driving circuit by decreasing the number of data lines, wherein the flat panel display device comprises a plurality of gate and data lines which are formed on a substrate; an image displaying unit which includes a plurality of pixel cells of which two pixel cells adjacently positioned along the direction of gate line are driven by one data line; a timing controller which aligns source data provided from the external, and generates a control signal and a clock signal; a plurality of data-driving integrated circuits which convert the source data into analog video signals on the basis of the control signal and supply the analog video signals to the data line, and raise and output the clock signal; and a gate-driving circuit which generates scan signals overlapped by each unit corresponding to the half of one horizontal period according to the raised clock signal, and supplies the overlapped scan pulses to the gate lines in sequence.
US08188960B2	Driving apparatus having second load signal with different falling times and method for display device and display device including the same An apparatus for driving a display device includes a plurality of data driving integrated circuits which generates data voltages and a signal controller which inputs a first load signal to a data driving integrated circuit of the plurality of data driving integrated circuits to control the data driving integrated circuit. Each data driving integrated circuit of the plurality of data driving integrated circuits includes a load signal converter which generates a second load signal having a falling time which is different than a falling time of the first load signal.
US08188958B2	Method, device and system of response time compensation Some demonstrative embodiments of the invention include a method device and/or system of displaying an image on a display having an array of sub-pixel elements. The method may include, for example, obtaining a first set of one or more values by sampling values of one or more sub-pixel value-holders associated with one or more of said sub-pixel elements, the first set of values corresponding to one or more sub-pixels of a first frame of said image; receiving a second set of values corresponding to one or more sub-pixels of a second frame of said image; and updating the values of one or more of the sub-pixel value-holders based on the first and second sets of values. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US08188956B2	Display device with tone correction circuit The present invention prevents a TFT liquid crystal display device from deteriorating its image quality due to the insufficiency of voltage written through TFTs. There is disclosed a display device that includes a display panel in which the plural pixel electrodes are positioned between two neighboring video signal lines and arranged in the extending direction of the video signal lines, a pixel electrode connected to one of the two neighboring video signal lines through a TFT and a pixel electrode connected to the other video signal line through a TFT being alternately arranged; and a correction circuit that compares the tone of video data to be written into one of the plural pixel electrodes against the tone of video data to be written into a preceding pixel electrode that is connected through a TFT to the video signal line, to which the one of the plural pixel electrodes is also connected through a TFT, and placed one position toward a signal input end of the video signal line as compared to the one of the plural pixel electrodes, and corrects the video data to be written into the one of the plural pixel electrodes.
US08188953B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device receives differential input signals, performs predetermined signal processing, and outputs differential output signals. Plural rear surface electrodes, disposed in an m-row, n-column (m and n being integers) matrix form, on a rear surface of the semiconductor device, are formed. The rear surface electrodes for the differential input signals or differential output signals are disposed in rows, 1, 2, m−1, and m, or in columns, 1, 2, n−1, and n, of a matrix. Furthermore, a pair of rear surface electrodes for differential input signals that for a pair, and a pair of rear surface electrodes PAD for differential output signals that form a pair, are respectively disposed so as to be adjacent.
US08188949B2	Display driver circuits for organic light emitting diode displays with skipping of blank lines, method of reducing power consumption of a display, processor control code to implement the method, and carrier for the control code Display driver circuits are described for driving organic light emitting diode displays, particularly passive matrix displays with greater efficiency. Display driver control circuitry (506) comprises a frame memory interface (505) for reading data from a frame memory (504) for presentation on a passive matrix OLED display. A blank line identifier (507) identifies one or more substantially blank rows of pixels defined by the data in the frame memory and the control circuitry (506) skips past these rows when the passive matrix display is addressed. When blank lines are skipped the apparent brightness of the remaining lines increases and thus preferably the control circuitry includes a power controller (505) for reducing a power supply to the display in proportion to the number of skipped lines. The invention is particularly suited to a display driver providing a controlled current drive.
US08188946B2	Compensation technique for luminance degradation in electro-luminance devices A method and system for compensation for luminance degradation in electro-luminance devices is provided. The system includes a pixel circuit having a light emitting device, a storage capacitor, a plurality of transistors, and control signal lines to operate the pixel circuit. The storage capacitor is connected or disconnected to the transistor and a signal line(s) when programming and driving the pixel circuit.
US08188945B2	Semiconductor device Semiconductor elements deteriorate or are destroyed due to electrostatic discharge damage. The present invention provides a semiconductor device in which a protecting means is formed in each pixel. The protecting means is provided with one or a plurality of elements selected from the group consisting of resistor elements, capacitor elements, and rectifying elements. Sudden changes in the electric potential of a source electrode or a drain electrode of a transistor due to electric charge that builds up in a pixel electrode is relieved by disposing the protecting means between the pixel electrode of the light-emitting element and the source electrode or the drain electrode of the transistor. Deterioration or destruction of the semiconductor element due to electrostatic discharge damage is thus prevented.
US08188943B2	Electro-optical apparatus and method of driving the electro-optical apparatus The invention provides an electro-optical apparatus that can prevent a shift in a threshold voltage of an amorphous silicon transistor while driving an organic EL device in a pixel circuit including the amorphous silicon transistor. A characteristic-adjustment circuit can be provided, which has a function of returning a shift in the threshold voltage of the amorphous silicon transistor included in the pixel circuit to the original state.
US08188940B2	Organic electroluminescent display device and method of driving the same An organic electroluminescent display device and a method of driving the same, which can prevent a voltage drop and ensure a simple layout, are disclosed. In one embodiment, the organic electroluminescent display device includes: i) a display unit including a plurality of pixel circuits, ii) a data driver providing a data signal to the display unit, iii) a scan driver providing a scan signal to the display unit, iv) a first voltage source applying a first power supply voltage, v) a second voltage source applying a second power supply voltage to the display unit, and a switching unit electrically connected between the data driver and the second voltage source, and adapted to output the second power supply voltage to the display unit for a first period of time and output the data signal to the display unit for a second period of time in response to a predetermined control signal.
US08188936B2	Context aware auxiliary display platform and applications Described is a mechanism by which application programs (or plug-ins) and an auxiliary service adjust the output and/or data available for output on an auxiliary device based on changes detected in the current context of the auxiliary display. Context sensors detect and report changes in context, whereby some action is taken with respect to what information is displayed or can be displayed on the auxiliary display device. Examples of context data that can change include the physical location of the display, detected movement or motion data, presence of a particular user or others, power state, network connectivity status, privacy status and so forth. The auxiliary device can have context as to its position relative to the main display. Information sensitivity levels may be used to specify whether an application program's data can be displayed, based on the perceived sensitivity of the information and the user's current context.
US08188934B2	Antenna structure and a method for its manufacture The antenna has an antenna element and a feed tower for forming a feed to the antenna element. In addition, the antenna has a dielectric support plate, which is mechanically fastened to the first end of the feed tower. The antenna element is in the form of a folded dipole, and it consists of metal strips connected with each other on at least two surfaces of the dielectric support plate. At the first end, the feed tower is electrically connected to two different points of the antenna element.
US08188927B1	RFID tag assembly methods RFID tags are assembled through affixing an antenna to an integrated circuit (IC) by forming one or more capacitors coupling the antenna and the IC with the dielectric material of the capacitor(s) including a non-conductive covering layer of the IC, a non-conductive covering layer of the antenna such as an oxide layer, and/or an additionally formed dielectric layer. Top and bottom plates of the capacitor(s) are formed by the antenna traces and one or more patches on a top surface of the IC.
US08188911B2	Low noise generator for frequency swept signals A signal generation system suitable for use in a radar system comprises a local oscillator (LO) and an intermediate frequency (IF) oscillator, wherein the IF oscillator is a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS), and the LO is a free running oscillator not itself locked to another oscillator but which acts as a clock reference for the DDS and is the highest frequency oscillator in the system. The LO may also act as a reference for a receive chain digitizer. The invention exploits phase noise advantages of a free running oscillator at some distance from the carrier whilst maintaining coherency with other system components. The system typically finds application in FMCW radars.
US08188909B2	Observation signal processing apparatus An observation signal processing apparatus transmits pulse signals as search signals per each search, generates observation values based on reflected signals against a target and delay modulation pulse signals, and performs coherent integration on the observation values to output an integration value. The apparatus includes a section for storing a coherent integration count, a section for transmitting pulse signals equivalent to the coherent integration count, a section for calculating a phase correction amount based on an estimated relative speed, and a section for performing phase-weighted coherent integration on the observation values based on the phase correction amount.
US08188904B2	RF circuit with improved antenna matching In one embodiment, RF front-end circuit includes a tunable matching network having an input coupled to an RF interface port, a directional coupler with a first connection coupled to an RF input of a mixer, a second connection coupled to an RF signal generation port, and a third connection coupled to an output of the tunable matching network. The directional coupler is configured to direct a signal from the RF signal generation port to the tunable matching network and to direct a signal from the tunable matching network port to the RF port of the mixer. The RF front-end circuit also has a tunable matching network control unit coupled to the tunable matching network. The control unit is configured to optimize an impedance match between the RF interface port and the output of the tunable matching network.
US08188894B2	Devices for conversion between serial and parallel data Serial-to-parallel and parallel-to-serial conversion devices may provide for efficient conversion of serial bit streams into parallel data units (and vice versa). In one implementation, a device may include delay circuits, each of which being configured to receive a serial data stream. A rotator circuit may receive the delayed serial data streams and rearrange bits in the serial data streams. Register circuits may receive the output of the rotator circuit and collectively output, in parallel, a number of bits of one of the serial bit streams.
US08188893B2	Onboard vehicle information notifying apparatus An onboard vehicle information notifying apparatus has a moving body position acquiring section that acquires a moving body position for at least one moving body existing in a vicinity of a host vehicle and that acquires map information of the vicinity of the host vehicle. The map information is divided into a plurality of unit regions, with each of the unit regions being a notification necessary region when the moving body exists in the unit region. An information acquiring section acquires an advancement speed and an advancement direction of the host vehicle, and a prescribed movement speed of the moving body. An information providing zone setting section sets an information providing zone within which existence of the moving body should be reported. The information notifying section reports the existence of the moving body when the information providing zone overlaps with the notification necessary region.
US08188891B2	Method and system for depicting visually predominant features on a flight display The system for presenting visual features to a pilot of an aerial vehicle contains a flight display. The flight display includes a display screen, a programmable device, an input device, and a memory. A plurality of visual features is contained in the memory. A plurality of feature characteristics is contained in the memory. Each of the feature characteristics is linked to at least one of the features. An environmental device communicates with the input device. The environmental device inputs an approximately present environmental condition of the aerial vehicle to the input device. The programmable device compares the approximately present environmental condition to the feature characteristics to determine which of the features stored in the memory to display on the flight display.
US08188890B2	Systems and methods for enhancing obstacles and terrain profile awareness A display system for an aircraft includes a processing unit configured to receive data related to an aircraft profile and to supply display commands with symbology based on the aircraft profile; and a display device coupled the processing unit and configured to receive the display commands and operable to render a three-dimensional view with the symbology based on the aircraft profile. The symbology may include slope symbology.
US08188887B2	System and method for alerting drivers to road conditions System and method for warning drivers of changing road conditions is disclosed. In one embodiment road condition information is obtained for at least a portion of a route. The road condition information is analyzed to identify one or more significant features on the portion of the route. The driver is alerted to the one or more significant features.
US08188880B1	Methods and devices for augmenting a field of view The present application discloses methods and systems for augmenting a field of view of a user. In one embodiment, a device may include a detector, a processor, and an array of visual indicators. According to an embodiment of the method, the detector may image an environment. The processor may identify within the environment imaged by the detector an object of interest. The processor may also determine a relative spatial location of the identified object of interest. Further, the array of visual indicators may be used to indicate the determined relative spatial location of the identified object of interest. In particular, a set of one or more visual indicators may be selected that has a relative spatial location in the array of visual indicators that is indicative of the relative spatial location of the identified object of interest.
US08188879B2	LED light global positioning and routing communication system An LED light and communication system includes at least one optical transceiver, the optical transceiver including a light support and a processor. The light support has a plurality of light emitting diodes and at least one photodetector attached thereto. The processor is in communication with the light emitting diodes and the at least one photodetector, where the processor is constructed and arranged to illuminate at least one of the light emitting diodes to generate a light signal which in turn includes at least one embedded data packet. The at least one embedded data packet communicates global positioning system (GPS) location information.
US08188875B2	Radio field intensity measurement device, and radio field intensity detector and game console using the same The present invention provides a radio field intensity measurement device having a display portion with improved visibility, in the case of measuring a weak radiowave from a long distance. In the radio field intensity measurement device, a battery is provided as a power source for power supply and the battery is charged by a received radiowave. When a potential of a signal obtained from the received radiowave is higher than an output potential of the battery, the power is stored in the battery. On the other hand, when the potential of the signal obtained from the received radiowave is lower than the output potential of the battery, power produced by the battery is used as power to drive the radio field intensity measurement device. As an element to display the radio field intensity, a thermochromic element or an electrochromic element is used.
US08188871B2	Drive current adjustment for transistors by local gate engineering In a memory cell, the drive current capabilities of the transistors may be adjusted by locally providing an increased gate dielectric thickness and/or gate length of one or more of the transistors of the memory cell. That is, the gate length and/or the gate dielectric thickness may vary along the transistor width direction, thereby providing an efficient mechanism for adjusting the effective drive current capability while at the same time allowing the usage of a simplified geometry of the active region, which may result in enhanced production yield due to enhanced process uniformity. In particular, the probability of creating short circuits caused by nickel silicide portions may be reduced.
US08188866B2	Circuit board with radio frequency identification for collecting stage-by-stage manufacturing metrics A radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is coupled to a circuit board to track the specific operating and environmental conditions of each manufacturing stage as the circuit board passes through the manufacturing stages. An RFID reader and data collector are used at each stage to read the RFID tag and store its identifying information along with processing information, operating conditions, and results for each stage. This permits to quickly and accurately collect manufacturing information for each circuit board at various manufacturing stages as well as the operating conditions for each stage at a particular time. Such manufacturing metrics can then be retrieved on a stage-by-stage basis for a particular circuit board by an identifier printed on the circuit board.
US08188860B2	Secure sensor/actuator systems A chip module including a sensor/actuator, an input/output interface, a data processing circuit connected between the input/output interface and the sensor/actuator such that sensor/actuator data may be communicated to/from outside the chip module via the input/output interface, and a manipulation detector assembly configured to output an alarm signal responsive to attacks affecting the sensor/actuator data.
US08188859B1	Navigation assistance for a passenger on a public conveyance In some embodiments, techniques comprise receiving route data at a portable device, wherein the portable device is personal to a passenger on a public conveyance, wherein the route data is associated with a public transit route, wherein the public conveyance is following the public transit route, and wherein the route data includes information relating to a stop; determining a destination, wherein the destination is related to the stop; determining a current location of the portable device; displaying the current location in conjunction with a route map, wherein the route map includes a representation of the route data, and wherein the current location is indicated on the route map; determining, based at least in part on the current location, that the portable device has nearly reached the destination; and responsive to determining that the portable device has nearly reached the destination, providing an alert at the portable device.
US08188858B2	Method and apparatus for collecting data A method and apparatus for collecting data, and more particularly, a data collecting method and apparatus which automatically transmit data to a wireless data transmitting/receiving station when an amount of data stored in the data collecting apparatus is more than a predetermined first reference value. A data collecting apparatus includes: a measuring module measuring data and storing the measured data in a storage unit; and a communication module automatically transmitting the stored data to a wireless data transmitting/receiving station when the amount of data stored in the storage unit is more than a first reference value.
US08188855B2	System, device and method for communicating over power lines A system, method and device for communicating over a power line are provided. In one embodiment, the device includes a controller, a first port in communication with the controller and configured to communicate over a power line via any of a plurality of frequency bands, and a second port in communication with the controller and configured to transmit and receive broadband communications. The first port may be configured to select one of the plurality of frequency bands for communications and the controller configured to provide routing functions for data received via the second port to be transmitted via the first port. The second port may comprise a wireless modem or a modem configured to communicate over a power line via broadband communications. The broadband communications may use a frequency band having a bandwidth greater than at least five of the plurality of frequency bands. The device may communicate on multiple frequency bands concurrently and may select or change frequency bands and/or the modulation scheme based on channel conditions or operational parameters.
US08188854B2	Method of data transmission embedded in electric power transmission and a charging stand and battery device using transmitting coil current change to receive that data transmission The method of data transmission embedded in electric power transmission disposes a transmitting coil 11 and a receiving coil 31 in close proximity, transmits electric power in a non-contact fashion from the transmitting coil 11 to the receiving coil 31 by magnetic induction, and transmits data from the receiving coil 31 side to the transmitting coil 11 side. The method of data transmission changes the load on the receiving coil 31 and detects transmitting coil 11 current change corresponding to that load variation to send data from the receiving coil 31 side to the transmitting coil 11 side.
US08188853B2	Method, system, integrated circuit, communication module, and computer-readable medium for achieving resource sharing including space and time reuse within a power line communication system A communication system includes communication protocols that allow a single network or multiple neighboring networks to increase resource sharing and reduce mutual interference and increase their overall throughput. Various protocols apply to homogenous networks in which all power line communication (PLC) devices of multiple networks are interoperable with respect to full power line communication in a common PHY (specifications, signaling capabilities, modulation scheme, coding scheme, bandwidth, etc.) and to heterogeneous networks in which devices of some PLC networks are not interoperable with PLC devices of other PLC networks with respect to full power line communication given that the devices of the different networks do not employ a common PHY. With respect to heterogeneous networks, a protocol is provided to enable coexistence via a signaling scheme common to all of the devices of the network that allows resource sharing between the devices of the multiple heterogeneous networks. Homogeneous networks are those in which all nodes can communicate with each other using a common PHY, so that information about one PLC network can be transferred to another PLC network. Heterogeneous networks are those in which not all PLC networks can exchange information using their own native PHY, such as where users in different apartments or houses use different devices having different specifications, different signaling capabilities, modulation scheme, coding scheme, bandwidth and the like.
US08188852B2	Machine-tool safety device A machine-tool safety device for a machine tool having a transmitting unit for transmitting an outgoing signal and a receiving unit for receiving an incoming signal. The machine-tool safety device has an adjusting unit for at least semi-automatically adjusting the outgoing signal to be transmitted.
US08188851B2	Wake-up system and method for an electronic apparatus An electronic device may include a wireless transceiver for establishing a wireless interface with a wireless transceiver of another device. The electronic device may further include a wake-up assembly including a permanent magnet that generates a magnet field and a sensor that outputs a signal corresponding to sensed magnetic field. A control assembly of the electronic device may be configured to control at least one of activation or deactivation of the wireless transceiver when the output from the sensor indicates that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet has been disturbed by presence of a magnet external to the electronic device.
US08188843B2	Haptic device gravity compensation A haptic device comprising a base member (4), an end-effector (6), a parallel kinematics structure arranged between the base plate and the end-effector and providing at least three degrees of freedom including at least three translational degrees of freedom in relation to the end-effector, and at least one passive gravity compensation means being adapted to exert forces and/or torques on the parallel kinematics structure for at least partial compensation of gravity related forces and/or torques acting in at least one of the three translational degrees of freedom.
US08188835B2	Potentiometer The invention relates to a potentiometer comprising (a) at least two electrically conducting segments (12), each of which has a contact end (14) that is bordered by a circumferential edge (16) and which adjoin each other in a flush manner by means of one respective section (18, 20) of the edges (16) thereof, and (b) a connecting device (38) for electrically connecting a first contact point (P1) in a first segment to at least one second contact point (P2, P3) in a second segment that is different from the first segment.
US08188828B2	Multilayer electronic component and electronic component module including the same A multilayer electronic component that can suppress the formation of projections and depressions on a surface, and an electronic component unit including the multilayer electronic component, are provided. In the multilayer electronic component, coil electrodes (8) having a shape of ring-shaped wiring with a part removed therefrom are electrically connected to each other to constitute a coil (L). Magnetic layers (4) are stacked together with the plurality of coil electrodes (8). The coil electrodes (8a, 8c, 8e) having a radius r1 and the coil electrodes (8b, 8d) having a radius r2 that is smaller than the radius r1 may be alternately arranged in a stacking direction.
US08188827B2	Inductor component An inductor component has electrode portions, a winding portion in which a conductor is wound by three or more turns, and lead portions located at both ends of the winding portion and connecting the winding portion and the electrode portions. Winding intervals of the respective turns in the winding portion decrease monotonically from one end to the other end of the winding portion.
US08188824B2	Surface mount magnetic components and methods of manufacturing the same Magnetic component assemblies including moldable magnetic materials including surface mount termination features, as well as manufacturing methods therefor, are disclosed that are advantageously utilized in providing surface mount magnetic components such as inductors and transformers.
US08188823B2	Dry-type transformer with a polymer shield case and a method of manufacturing the same The invention is directed to a transformer and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein at least a portion of a core is disposed inside a shield case formed from a polymeric resin composition containing conductive particles. An encasement comprising a dielectric resin encapsulates the shield case. An electrical conductor is electrically connected to the shield case and is accessible from the exterior of the encasement.
US08188821B2	Latching linear solenoid A linear solenoid includes a pair of soft iron pole members which are in a spaced apart linear arrangement. A permanent magnet is attached to the end of a plunger which rides between the pole members. When a first of two electro-magnet coils is energized the plunger which is latched to one of the pole members is repelled to the opposite pole member and latched. When the second coil is energized the plunger returns to the original pole member and is latched.
US08188819B2	Switching device unit for switiching at least two operating states A switching device unit is disclosed for switching at least two operating states of at least one consumer to an at least two-phase electrical supply system by way of switching elements. At least one embodiment of the invention specifies a switching device unit which has as simple a construction as possible and is as cost-effective and compact as possible. For this purpose, the switching device unit contains circuits for operational switching of the consumer, for implementing the tripping function for protection against overload and short circuits, wherein these circuits are integrated in such a way that the switching device unit, in particular in terms of its function as a compact reversing starter, can have a standardized width in order to be installed in a space-saving manner on a top-hat rail in a switchgear cabinet and in order to be operated.
US08188817B2	Electromechanical relay and method of making same A double-pole-double-throw (DPDT) electromechanical relay employing a movable first magnet and a nearby third electromagnet is disclosed. The movable first magnet is permanently magnetized with a magnetic moment and has at least a first end and a second end. The third electromagnet, when energized, produces a third magnetic field which is primarily perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the first movable magnet and exerts a magnetic torque on the first magnet to force the first magnet to rotate and closes electrical conduction paths at the first end. Changing the direction of the electrical current in the third electromagnet changes the direction of the third magnetic field and thus the direction of the magnetic torque on the first magnet, and causes the first magnet to rotate in an opposite direction and opens the electrical conduction path at the first end and closes the electrical conduction paths at the second end. Latching, non-latching types, and various forms (normally open or closed, etc.) of relays can be formed by appropriately adjusting various force magnitudes.
US08188814B2	High voltage isolation dual capacitor communication system According to one embodiment, there is provided a high voltage isolation dual capacitor communication system comprising communication drive and sense electrodes and corresponding first and second capacitors that are formed in two separate devices. The two devices are electrically connected in series to provide a single galvanically-isolated communication system that exhibits high breakdown voltage performance in combination with good signal coupling. The system effects communications between drive and receive circuits through the first and second capacitors, and in a preferred embodiment is capable of effecting relatively high-speed digital communications. The system may be formed in a small package using, by way of example, CMOS or other semiconductor fabrication and packaging processes.
US08188813B2	Circuit board microwave filters A microwave filter having a resonator comprising a cylindrical structure having conductive walls filled with a conductor material. The cylindrical structure is recessed inside a multi-layered substrate. First and second conductive coupling arms are disposed on the top layer of the substrate for coupling signals to the cylindrical structure. The conductive coupling arms are physically separated from the cylindrical structure by a dielectric layer. The first and second conductive coupling arms extend away from the center of the cylindrical structure to form a microstrip line. The cylindrical structure further comprises a bottom portion having a solid conductive bottom plate perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. A bottom conductive ground layer separated from the conductive bottom plate by a second dielectric layer.
US08188810B2	Acoustic resonator performance enhancement using selective metal etch An acoustic resonator comprises: a substrate; a first electrode adjacent the substrate; a layer of piezoelectric material adjacent the first electrode; a second electrode adjacent the layer of piezoelectric material; and a passivation layer adjacent the layer of piezoelectric material. The passivation layer includes a recessed feature. Fill material is provided in the recessed feature of the passivation layer.
US08188809B2	Output selection of multi-output filter Described is a filtering arrangement in which a first filter is configured to exhibit a first frequency response FR and has a first node and a second node; a second filter is configured to exhibit a second FR and has a first node and a second node; and a third filter is configured to exhibit a third FR and has a first node and a second node. A first common node interfaces the second node of the first filter with the second node of the second filter; and a second common node interfaces the first node of the second filter with the first node of the third filter. The second FR exhibited by the second filter isolates a first signal on a first signal path between the first node of the first filter and the first common node from a second signal on a second signal path between the second common node and the second node of the third filter.
US08188807B2	Attenuation element The invention relates to an attenuation element. According to the invention, this attenuation element has two rail pieces (46, 48) and two conducting pieces (50, 52), wherein a rail piece (46, 48) and a conducting piece (50, 52) each are electrically connected in parallel, wherein these rail pieces (46, 48) are spatially disposed in parallel at a distance from each other, and wherein the conducting pieces (50, 52) each are made of electrically highly conductive material, and the rail pieces (46, 48) each are made of an electrically poorly conductive material. In this manner, the high-frequency currents can be substantially attenuated in a rectifier having distributed intermediate voltage circuits without the power loss in the intermediate voltage circuit markedly increasing such that the capacitors (10, 12, 24, 28) of the rectifier having distributed intermediate voltage circuits no longer need to be oversized with regard to an RMS current of the intermediate voltage circuit of this rectifier.
US08188802B2	System and method for efficiently generating an oscillating signal An apparatus for generating an oscillating signal including an oscillator configured to generate the oscillating signal, a controller configured to generate a control signal that controls a characteristic (e.g., amplitude or frequency) of the oscillating signal, and a power supply configured to supply power to the oscillator as a function of the control signal. The power supply may be configured to supply power to the oscillator as a function of the amplitude or frequency of the oscillating signal to improve power efficiency.
US08188801B2	Delay circuit for low power ring oscillator Disclosed herein is a delay circuit for a low power ring oscillator. The delay circuit includes: a pair of N type transistors that receive first differential input signals Vin1+ and Vin1−; a pair of P type transistors that receive second differential input signals Vin2+ and Vin2−; a differential output terminal that outputs differential output signals Vout+ and Vout− generated from the pair of N type transistors and the pair of P type transistors; an N type detector that supplies a body voltage to the pair of N type transistors; and a P type detector that supplies a body voltage to the pair of P type transistors.
US08188800B2	Crystal oscillator with reduced acceleration sensitivity A crystal oscillator having a plurality of quartz crystals that are manufactured so that the directional orientation of the acceleration sensitivity vector is essentially the same for each crystal. This enables convenient mounting of the crystals to a circuit assembly with consistent alignment of the acceleration vectors. The crystals are aligned with the acceleration vectors in an essentially anti-parallel relationship and can be coupled to the oscillator circuit in either a series or parallel arrangement. Mounting the crystals in this manner substantially cancels the acceleration sensitivity of the composite resonator and oscillator, rendering it less sensitive to vibrational forces and shock events.
US08188798B1	Programmable electro-magnetic-interference (EMI) reduction with enhanced noise immunity and process tolerance A frequency dithering circuit reduces emissions that cause Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI) by spreading the spectrum of a clock. The clock sequences a counter that drives a digital count value to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The DAC outputs a sawtooth wave with a wide voltage swing. A subtractor scales down the voltage swing to produce a reduced-swing sawtooth wave which is used as an upper limit voltage. Comparators trigger a set-reset latch to toggle the clock when current pumps charge and discharge a capacitor beyond voltage limits. Since the upper limit voltage is the reduced sawtooth wave from the subtractor, the amount of time to charge the capacitor varies, dithering the period of the clock. The degree of dithering can be adjusted by programming the feedback resistance in the subtractor. The subtractor reduces the sensitivity of dithering to errors in the DAC, allowing for an inexpensive, less precise DAC.
US08188797B2	Adjustable electrical components formed from arrays of differential circuit elements Adjustable circuit components may be formed from arrays of differential circuit elements such as differential capacitors and differential current sources. The differential circuit elements may each have a control input. The differential circuit elements in each array of differential circuit elements may be connected in parallel between first and second terminals. A thermometer code control signal may be provided to the control inputs to adjust the capacitance, current, or other parameter associated with the adjustable circuit component. Adjustable circuit components may also be formed from an array of capacitors or other circuit elements having successively increasing strengths.
US08188795B2	Phase comparator and reproduction signal processor using the same In a synchronous reproduction signal processor, when a phase error between reproduction data and a clock is repeatedly detected such that a clock synchronized with a reproduction signal is generated based on the phase error, a filtering process unit (34) performs a filtering process which performs a weighed addition with respect to a phase error series prior to the current time from a phase error calculation unit (33) using, e.g., a FIR filter with a plurality of taps so as to generate a reference value under reduced influence of noise mixed in the phase error series by feedback correction. A cross detection unit (32) detects the timing with which the sampled reproduction data crosses the reference value generated by the filtering process unit (34). This allows effective use of the dynamic range of the feedbacked reference value without limiting it, and simultaneously achieves the enhancement of noise immunity.
US08188778B2	Calibration for phase-locked loop Systems and methods for calibrating a bandwidth of a phase-locked loop are disclosed. Some such systems can detect an error signal generated by the phase-locked loop in response to a stimulus signal and adjust the bandwith of the phase-locked loop based at least partly on a difference between the integral of the error signal and a nominal value thereof. Alternatively or additionally, the bandwidth of the phase-locked loop can be adjusted based at least partly on a mismatch associated with two charge pumps.
US08188777B2	Charge pump circuit and PLL circuit using the same A charge pump circuit (31), and a PLL circuit using the charge pump circuit, has a glitch compensation circuit (36) to compensate for a slow glitch which occurs along charging/discharging of electric charges in a parasitic capacitance. The glitch compensation circuit (36) includes a comparator (37), a latch circuit (38), a capacitor (C1) and transistors (Q9, Q10) serving as a charge/discharge device. The comparator (37) compares potentials and applies a logic output signal to the latch circuit (38), and the latch circuit (38) in response to output of the comparator, instructs the charge/discharge device to perform a charge or discharge operation to charge or discharge the capacitor so as to allow a potential at a second output terminal to come close to a potential at a first output terminal or a potential at a designated node in a loop filter of the PLL circuit.
US08188775B2	Circuit arrangement for operating voltage detection A circuit arrangement for operating voltage detection has a detection block (1) and a control block (2). Detection block (1) has a first transistor (P1) that is connected between a first supply voltage terminal (VDD) and a first node (K1) and has a first control terminal (S1), a first resistor element (R1) that is connected between first node (K1) and second supply voltage terminal (VSS), a second transistor (P2) that is connected between first supply voltage terminal (VDD) and a second node (K2) and has a second control terminal (S2), a second resistor element (R2) that is connected between second node (K2) and second supply voltage terminal (VSS), a first switch (N1) that connects first node (K1) to second control terminal (S2), and a third resistor element (R3) that is connected between second control terminal (S2) and first supply voltage terminal (VDD). Control block (K2) is set up to derive a first switching signal as a function of a voltage at second node (K2), as well as a second switching signal by inverting the first switching signal. The first switching signal is supplied to first switch (N1), and the second switching signal to first control terminal (S1).
US08188774B1	Apparatus and methods for activation of an interface on an integrated circuit One embodiment relates to a method for activating an interface on an integrated circuit while a core of the integrated circuit is becoming operational. An offset calibration for a transceiver channel is performed by physical media attachment circuitry. A transmitting frequency is locked onto by a transmitter phase-locked loop for the transceiver channel, and a receiving frequency is locked onto by a receiver phase-locked loop for the transceiver channel. Subsequently, the interface is activated while a core component of the integrated circuit is becoming operational. Another embodiment pertains to an integrated circuit which includes transceiver channel circuits, an interface processor, and a reset control state machine. Another embodiment relates to control circuitry including a reset control state machine, transceiver channel circuits, a channel input steering multiplexer, and a channel output steering multiplexer. Other embodiments, aspects and features are also disclosed.
US08188771B2	Pulse width modulation frequency conversion A pulse width modulation (PWM) frequency converter converts an input PWM signal to an output PWM signal having a different frequency while maintaining a substantially equal duty ratio. The PWM frequency converter samples the input PWM signal for a PWM cycle using a sampling clock. A filter module filters the resulting set of one or more PWM parameters to compensate for noise introduced by potential clock mismatch, clock jitter, ambient variations, and other non-deterministic issues, thereby generating filtered PWM parameters. The sampling employed by the filter module compares a difference between the one or more current PWM parameters and previous (or historical) PWM parameters from an earlier sampled PWM cycle to a predetermined change threshold in determining a filtered set of one or more PWM parameters. The filtered set of one or more PWM parameters then is used to generate one or more corresponding PWM cycles of the output signal.
US08188763B2	Nonvolatile nanotube programmable logic devices and a nonvolatile nanotube field programmable gate array using same Field programmable device (FPD) chips with large logic capacity and field programmability that are in-circuit programmable are described. FPDs use small versatile nonvolatile nanotube switches that enable efficient architectures for dense low power and high performance chip implementations and are compatible with low cost CMOS technologies and simple to integrate.
US08188761B2	Soft error detection for latches A system and method for soft error detection in digital ICs is disclosed. The system includes an observing circuit coupled to a latch, which circuit is capable of a response upon a state change of the latch. The system further includes synchronized clocking provided to the latch and to the observing circuit. For the latch, the clocking defines a window in time during which the latch is prevented from receiving data, and in a synchronized manner the clocking is enabling a response in the observing circuit. The clocking is synchronized in such a manner that the circuit is enabled for its response only inside the window when the latch is prevented from receiving data. The system may also have additional circuits that are respectively coupled to latches, with each the additional circuit and its respective latch receiving the synchronized clocking Responses of a plurality of circuits may be coupled in a configuration corresponding to a logical OR.
US08188758B2	Enclosed probe station An enclosed probe station comprises a chuck assembly, a supporting member and an enclosure. The chuck assembly is configured to support a device under test. The supporting member is configured to secure a probe used to contact the device under test. The enclosure forms an interior space in which the chuck assembly and the supporting member are disposed.
US08188756B2	Method for determining the electrical resistance of an electrical supply lead to sensor elements and a sensor arrangement The invention relates to a method for determining the electrical resistance of an electrical supply lead to sensor elements and concerns a sensor arrangement. The sensor elements are interconnected to form a sensor arrangement, and the electrical total resistance of the supply lead to the sensor elements is determined by effecting a measurement involving an electrical component. The electrical total resistance of the supply lead to the sensor elements is compared to a reference value, whereby the reference value is the value of the electrical total resistance of a reference component of the circuit arrangement and of its electrical leads. The reference value is also determined by effecting a measurement.

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