| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US08009712B2 |
Light-emitting device having injection-lockable semiconductor ring laser monolithically integrated with master laser
A semiconductor ring laser (SRL) section is monolithically integrated with a DFB or DBR master laser section on a semiconductor substrate of a light-emitting device to provide an injection locking mode of operation that can result in low-cost ultrafast (over 100 GHz) functional chip that will be easy to use in practice. |
| US08009707B2 |
Dual mode single cavity pulse compressor
An rf pulse compressor has a single high Q cavity resonator fed by a four port hybrid coupler which is connected to the resonator at coupling ports located at the intersection of two of the resonator's orthogonal axes with the resonator cavity walls. The hybrid coupler divides pulse power from an rf pulse power source and excites two space and phase orthogonal modes in the single cavity, the stored energy of which aids in producing compressed pulses at the output of the hybrid. On-axis perturbations in the cavity walls can be used to lock the orthogonal orientation of the modes excited in the cavity. |
| US08009704B2 |
Digital broadcasting transmitter, turbo stream processing method thereof, and digital broadcasting system having the same
A digital broadcasting transmitter, a turbo stream processing method thereof, and a digital broadcasting system having the same. The digital broadcasting transmitter includes a first compressor, forming a normal stream by compressing audio and video signals in a first compression format, a second compressor, forming a turbo stream by compressing the audio and video signals in a second compression format, a transport stream (TS) constructor, compressing the turbo stream in an H.264 format and forming the dual transfer stream by multiplexing the normal stream and the turbo stream, and a TS processor, robustly processing the dual transfer stream transmitted from the TS constructor, thus enhancing the transmission efficiency. |
| US08009697B2 |
Method and apparatus for segmentation of messages in a communications system
Method for transmitting messages in a communications system, wherein the message is segmented into a plurality of message segments, the message segments being of variable length, the plurality of message segments comprising at least one leading message segment and a trailing message segment, and a message segment indication is applied to the at least one leading message segment. |
| US08009695B2 |
System and method for dynamically swapping master and slave PHYs to allow asymmetry in energy efficient ethernet
A system and method for dynamically swapping master and slave physical layer devices (PHYs) in energy efficient Ethernet (EEE). A physical layer communication mechanism can be used to dynamically reassign the master/slave assignments to facilitate the asymmetric application of EEE to a link. |
| US08009694B2 |
Wireless services provider network system and method
An application service provider provides wireless access to a packetized data network, such as the Internet. The application service provider includes a server computer. The server computer is connected to the network, which is at least in part a wired network. The wired network is connected to a cellular wireless communications system. Data is communicated over the network, both wired and wireless, via OSI models, for example, according to TCP/IP protocols or specialized variants. A wireless device, such as a modern-equipped laptop computer or personal digital assistant, a web-enabled telephone, or the like, is communicatively connected to the cellular wireless communications system. The application service provider can maintain a website, including targeted content, on the server computer for access by the wireless device. |
| US08009692B2 |
Bit and power allocation scheme for full-duplex transmission with echo cancellation in multicarrier-based modems
The present invention provides a method, data modulator, modem, computer readable medium and system for allocating bits to sub-carriers of data channel frequencies for spectrally efficient full-duplex transmission. Bits are allocated successively to a plurality of sub-carriers for a data channel based on minimal power consumption, a power mask for each sub-carrier, a bit capacity of each sub-carrier, and a predetermined data rate. Allocation of bits is ceased when at least one of: a predetermined total power budget has been substantially exhausted, power masks for the plurality of sub-carriers have been substantially exhausted, bit capacities for the plurality of sub-carriers have been substantially exhausted, and the predetermined data rate has been reached. |
| US08009685B2 |
Signalling the presence of extension frames
Aspects of the invention are directed to signalling extension frames in a telecommunication system. Extension-frame-signalling data may signal whether one or more extension parts are present in one or more gaps in time between data frames, when the one or more extension parts occur, and one or more durations for the one or more extension parts. The one or more extension parts may occur on the same radio frequencies as the data frames. The extension-frame-signalling data may signal when the one or more extension parts occur by signalling after which of one or more data frames in a super frame the extension parts occur. The one or more durations for the extension parts may be expressed in units of time. |
| US08009684B2 |
High capacity ring communication network
A method for communication includes configuring a plurality of ring nodes to communicate over a communication network that includes two or more overlapping communication rings, each ring including two unidirectional ringlets in mutually-opposite directions. A data packet including one or more header fields is accepted at an ingress ring node. An egress ring node to which the data packet is to be forwarded by the ingress ring node is determined. A subset of the rings including one or more common rings that are connected to both the ingress and egress ring nodes is identified. A ringlet of a ring among the one or more common rings is selected responsively to a respective value of at least one of the header fields of the packet. The data packet is forwarded from the ingress ring node to the egress ring node over the selected ringlet. |
| US08009683B2 |
IP network system
There is provided an IP network system. The IP network system includes: a plurality of relays making up a ring network; a source host for transmitting a packet and connected to the ring network; and a destination host which conducts a packet communication with the source host through the ring network. Each of the relays is operable to transfer received packets containing a transfer direction information to the destination host through a right-handed route of the ring network and through a left-handed route of the ring network, based on the transfer direction information. |
| US08009682B2 |
Systems and methods for packet steering in a multi-core architecture
Described herein is a method and system for distributing whole and fragmented requests and responses across a multi-core system. Each core executes a packet engine that further processes data packets and data packet fragments allocated to that core. A flow distributor executing within the multi-core system forwards client requests to a packet engine on a core that is selected based on a value generated when a hash is applied to a tuple comprising a client IP address, a client port, a server IP address and a server port identified in the request. The packet engine maintains each element of the tuple and forwards the request to the selected core. The packet engine can also process data packet fragments by assembling the fragments prior to transmitting them to the selected core, or by transmitting the data packet fragments to the selected core. |
| US08009681B2 |
Methods and systems for interworking RSVP-based external control plane protocols with internal control plane protocols
The present invention provides improved methods and systems for interworking Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP)-based external control plane protocols with internal control plane protocols, such as Optical Signaling and Routing Protocol (OSRP). The present invention utilizes only a high-level mapping in which a trigger is created in the internal control plane protocol to initiate the desired internal control plane action or vice versa. The external control plane protocol messages and fields are encapsulated as data in the internal control plane messages and fields and are processed only at the remote end of the internal domain. By encapsulating the entirety or parts of the external control plane protocol messages and fields ensures that necessary information is carried from an ingress border node to an egress border node. At the egress border node, the encapsulated external control plane protocol messages and fields are mapped back to the external control plane protocol, without having to make changes to the internal control plane protocol or perform processing at intermediate nodes. |
| US08009678B2 |
System and method for generating a dynamic prioritized contact list
A system and method for generating a dynamic prioritized contact list for a communication device. The dynamic prioritized contact list may vary over the course of the day to provide an optimized contact list for a time interval. A prioritized contact list generator determines a current time interval. The prioritized contact list generator monitors communications from one or more past time intervals to determine contact priority for the current time interval. A prioritized contact list is generated for the current time interval based on the contact priority. The prioritized contact list generator automatically updates the dynamic prioritized contact list with priority changes when the current time interval expires. |
| US08009676B2 |
Dynamically providing a quality of service for a mobile node
Providing a quality of service for a mobile node includes facilitating a communication session for the mobile node. A quality of service decision factor of a context of the communication session is established. A quality of service associated with the quality of service decision factor is identified. Whether to provide the quality of service to the mobile node for the context is determined. |
| US08009671B2 |
Multicast method and multicast routing method
A multicast method includes joining a multicast group and forwarding a multicast data packet; during joining the multicast group, establishing multicast forwarding instruction information identified by a MFEC, on a network node of a distribution tree or a distribution sub-tree to which the MFEC pertains; and during forwarding the multicast data packet, forwarding multicast data packets of the same MFEC, according to the multicast forwarding instruction information. The invention further discloses a multicast method, including: classifying a collection of multicast data packets forwarded in the same mode into a MFEC; statically configuring multicast forwarding instruction information identified by the MFEC on a network node of a distribution tree or a distribution sub-tree to which the MFEC pertains; and forwarding the multicast data packets of the same MFEC, according to the multicast forwarding instruction information. The invention further discloses a multicast routing method. |
| US08009670B2 |
Communication system, information processor, intervening server, identification information transmitting server, communication method and program
A first information processing equipment transmits, to a mediating server, the first transmission information which is the information containing the relay server identification information for identifying the relay server employed in the data relay between information processing equipments, and executes the data relay with the second information processing equipment through the relay server identified by the relay server identification information. The mediating server receives the first transmission information and transmits, to a second information processing equipment, the second transmission information which is the information containing the relay server identification information contained in the first transmission information. The second information processing equipment receives the second transmission information and executes the data relay with the first information processing equipment through the relay server identified by the relay server identification information contained in the second transmission information. |
| US08009663B2 |
Radio communication system and mobile station device
A mobile station device transmits a random access preamble to a base station device and performs uplink timing alignment based on the synchronization timing deviation information included in a random access response which the base station device transmits in response to the transmitted random access preamble, wherein in an uplink synchronous status, the mobile station device does not perform uplink timing alignment based on synchronization timing deviation information included in a random access response, which is a response to a random access preamble whose preamble ID is randomly selected by the mobile station device. |
| US08009660B2 |
Methods and apparatus using cell-specific and common pilot subcarriers in multi-carrier, multi-cell wireless communication networks
A multi-carrier cellular wireless network (400) employs base stations (404) that transmit two different groups of pilot subcarriers: (1) cell-specific pilot subcarriers, which are used by a receiver to extract information unique to each individual cell (402), and (2) common pilots subcarriers, which are designed to possess a set of characteristics common to all the base stations (404) of the system. The design criteria and transmission formats of the cell-specific and common pilot subcarriers are specified to enable a receiver to perform different system functions. The methods and processes can be extended to other systems, such as those with multiple antennas in an individual sector and those where some subcarriers bear common network/system information. |
| US08009644B2 |
On-demand services by wireless base station virtualization
Initiating a virtual presence at a physical access point in response to a request for a service from a wireless access device is provided. A particular wireless service may be provided to a subscriber on an on-demand basis according to location and/or type of service requested. The service may be terminated when demand for the service comes to an end whereby a common wireless service infrastructure may be shared amongst service providers thus eliminating the need for radio channel coordination and otherwise enhancing service quality for those service providers. |
| US08009641B2 |
Device configuration apparatus, system, and method
A method for configuring a device for communication is disclosed. In the method the device accesses a communication network where after it may be detected at a network element that the device needs to be provided with at least one configuration parameter. Information regarding the at least one configuration parameter is then determined and sent to the device. The device can then be configured in accordance with information received from the network element. |
| US08009639B2 |
Feedback control in an FDD TDD-CDMA system
Active control feedback between a base station and user equipment in a wireless communications network is achieved by allocating a first time slot within a frame for a UE to transmit a beacon signal to the base station, where the beacon signal is separate from data signals in the frame, allocating a second time slot within the frame for the base station to transmit a control signal in response to the beacon signal, and allocating other timeslots for the base station to operate in full duplex FDD mode. The control signal provides a basis upon which the UE adjusts a transmission parameter, such as power. |
| US08009638B2 |
Method for reduced access delay in multiple access attempt exchanges
A system and method for reducing access delay associated with multiple access attempt exchanges in a communications network is provided. A system of the present invention may include a mobile station and a base station system for sending and receiving signals; an air interface link for carrying the signals; and a set of timing modules for governing the transmission of the signals, whereby the set of timing modules controls activation periods of the battery's current flow to the transmit clock according to a predetermined time interval. Control of activation periods minimizes delay during access attempts and conserves power resources. |
| US08009637B2 |
Method and apparatus for spreading channel code selection
Various embodiments are described which may serve to improve spreading channel code selection in wireless technologies that employ two-stage ranging. For example, some of the embodiments enable a number of spreading codes to be reused at each network node (111, 112), potentially increasing the number of codes available to each remote unit and thereby reducing the collision rate. Rather than simply selecting a spreading channel code randomly, remote units (101-103), in some embodiments, select a spreading channel code based on one or more considerations such as pilot signal strength, remote unit location, a remote unit mobility level, and a priority class associated with the remote unit. Depending on the embodiment, network nodes can partition the spreading codes into groups and then assign link bandwidth to remote units based on the group associated with the code selected by that remote unit. |
| US08009634B2 |
Apparatus and method for reducing other-cell interference in a broadband wireless communication system
An apparatus and method for avoiding interference in a broadband wireless communication system using FCS are provided. The apparatus and method include a receiver for monitoring channel statuses of neighbor cells using signals received from the neighbor cells, an active set generator for generating an active set according to at least one of the channel statuses of the neighbor cells, loads of the neighbor cells, and a performance gain from the neighbor cells, and a BS selector for selecting a serving cell from the active set according to the channel statuses of cells included in the active set. Accordingly, interference is reduced and reception performance is improved. |
| US08009633B2 |
Remote reproduction system and remote reproduction method
A communication condition between the transmitting apparatus and the mobile receiving apparatus at a future position of the mobile receiving apparatus is estimated on the basis of the position information and the information materials of communication environments. A transmission rate which is related to the transmission of the content data from the transmitting apparatus to the mobile receiving apparatus, is changed on the basis of the estimation result. Alternatively, the transmission of the content data from the transmitting apparatus to the mobile receiving apparatus is temporarily stopped, on the basis of the estimation result. |
| US08009631B2 |
IP mobility
A method of forwarding IP packets, sent to an old care-of-address of a mobile node, to the mobile node following a handover of the mobile node from a first old access router to a second new access router. The method comprises, prior to completion of said handover, providing said first router or another proxy node with information necessary to determine the new IP care-of address to be used by the mobile node when the mobile node is transferred to the second access router. At said first router or said proxy node, the new care-of-address for the mobile node is determined using said information and ownership of the new care-of-address by the mobile node confirmed, and subsequently packets received at said first access network and destined for said old care-of-address are forwarded to the predicted care-of-address address. |
| US08009628B2 |
Private mobility management enhancements
A method and apparatus described herein uses a mobility server to supplement the mobility management operations of a conventional mobile switching circuit (MSC). The mobility server receives mobility messages from a wireless terminal, and updates a location register associated with the MSC responsive to the received mobility messages. According to one exemplary embodiment, the mobility server has a pre-determined network address, such as a phone number, IP address, etc. The wireless terminal sends the mobility messages as user-plane messages to the pre-determined network address over a traffic data channel. In one exemplary embodiment, the mobility messages indicate the imminent loss of usable base station signals at an identified wireless terminal. For this embodiment, the mobility server may identify a satellite beam associated with the wireless terminal's location based on the received mobility messages, and update the location register accordingly. |
| US08009627B2 |
Method and system for providing interworking with portable internet network and other kinds of networks
Disclosed is a method for acquiring an Access Network Identification (ANID) of a currently connected portable Internet network when a mobile communication terminal connects to the portable Internet network. The method includes the steps of (a) receiving an MAC management message from a base station when the mobile communication terminal connects to the portable Internet network, (b) extracting a base station identification from the MAC management message, and (c) acquiring the ANID for identifying the network to which the mobile communication terminal has connected from the base station identification. According to the method, access network information of a portable Internet network is transferred to a different type of network when the portable Internet network inter-works with said different type of network, so that network information of a portable Internet system can be acquired. |
| US08009618B2 |
Apparatus and method for operating a communications device in a mobile communications network
Apparatus and a method for handling discard of a service data unit in universal mobile telecommunications system user equipment. Strategies for the radio resource control entity to handle discard of a service data unit by the radio link control entity are presented. |
| US08009617B2 |
Beamforming of control information in a wireless communication system
Techniques for sending traffic data and control information in a wireless communication system are described. In one design, a transmitter (e.g., a Node B or a UE) may perform beamforming to send traffic data on M layers based on a precoding matrix, where M may be one or greater. The transmitter may also perform beamforming to send control information on up to M layers based on the same precoding matrix used for the traffic data. The transmitter may send the beamformed traffic data on a first physical channel and may send the beamformed control information on a second physical channel. The transmitter may multiplex the beamformed traffic data and the beamformed control information using time division multiplexing (TDM) or frequency division multiplexing (FDM). |
| US08009616B2 |
Radio access method, radio base station and radio terminal
A radio terminal receives a directional multibeam from a radio base station and obtains each of correlation between orthogonal code series of the received directional multibeam and its own orthogonal code series to determine an orthogonal code series having the highest autocorrelation and further advertises orthogonal code series identification information identifying this orthogonal code series to the radio base station through an uplink physical channel. In comparison with a previous technique, this can shorten the time to be taken until the radio base station recognizes an orthogonal code series having the highest autocorrelation and a satisfactory reception condition in the radio terminal. Thus, it is possible to increase the speed of the loop control between the radio base station and the radio terminal, thereby improving the throughput of a channel to be used for the transmission of user data. |
| US08009614B2 |
Mobile communications system conforming to mobile IP, and home agent, mobile node and method used in the mobile communications system
A home agent used in a mobile communications system conforming to Mobile IP is disclosed. A mobile node belongs to the home agent, and the home agent has a global IP address that is a home address common to a plurality of mobile nodes. The home agent includes: an interface unit configured to route a received packet according to a transfer table that includes a correspondence among a home address of the mobile node, a care of address of the mobile node, and a communication session identification number for identifying a communication session opened by an application of the mobile node, wherein a transfer destination of the received packet is identified by a combination of the care of address and the communication session identification number; and a location information management unit configured to manage the transfer table. |
| US08009609B2 |
Maintaining quality of service for wireless communications
A method for managing wireless communications includes establishing a quality of service budget on behalf of a wireless station. A service profile is established by determining an average packet size for at least one flow for the wireless station and an average packet frequency for that flow. When more than one flow from a wireless station is desired, the average packet size and average packet frequency for all such flows are combined. The average packet size and average packet frequency are used to determine a capacity consumption for the wireless station. That capacity consumption is then used to determine a threshold transmission speed above which transmission from the wireless station must stay to achieve a guaranteed quality of service level. Allocation of wireless capacity for the wireless station is based upon the determined threshold transmission speed. |
| US08009608B2 |
Method and system for extended network access services advertising via a broadband access gateway
A system and method supporting the advertising of extended network access to multimedia services via a broadband access gateway is disclosed. A representative embodiment of the present invention may comprise a wireless interface and may be capable of exchanging multimedia communication between the wireless interface and a broadband network. The gateway may determine available media-related services, and may transmit information about those services to an access device that may comprise, for example, a mobile multimedia handset, a personal digital assistant, and a personal computer. The access device may notify a user of the availability of the media-related services using visual and/or audible means. The gateway may receive from the access device capability and/or subscriber related information, and the gateway may transmit service information based upon the capability and/or subscriber-related information. |
| US08009607B2 |
Method and apparatus for uplink transmission timing in a mobile communications system
A radio network provides centralized load control in order to control uplink interference in a cell while at the same time permitting adaptation to fast channel variations. The radio network sends to a mobile terminal a percentage of time that the mobile terminal may transmit over a radio channel in the uplink direction to the radio network. The mobile determines a current or future condition of the radio channel and restricts uplink transmissions based on the received percentage and the radio channel condition. Transmissions are restricted to times when the current or future condition is favorable up to the percentage amount. Channel condition favorability may be determined by the mobile station, in one example embodiment, by comparing the radio channel condition to an average condition of the channel, such as a local or moving average channel condition. Also in an example embodiment, the mobile may determine a current or future channel condition using transmit power control commands received from the radio network. |
| US08009606B2 |
Method and apparatus for indicating deactivation of semi-persistent scheduling
A method and apparatus for performing semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) deactivation in a wireless mobile communication system are disclosed. A base station (BS) transmits a downlink control channel to a user equipment (UE), and deactivates the SPS when a binary field indicating resource allocation information contained in the downlink control channel is entirely filled with ‘1’. |
| US08009605B1 |
Low power, programmable modem for software defined radio applications
A device reconfigurable to support communication using different communication technologies is provided. The device includes, but is not limited to, a plurality of communication processing modules and a switching interface. The switching interface couples to the plurality of communication processing modules. An instruction set is written into the device to select one or more communication processing module of the plurality of communication processing modules to connect using the switching interface. One or more of the communication processing modules may be programmable. The instruction set may include programmable parameters and/or programming instructions for the one or more programmable communication processing modules. As a result, the device is reprogrammable and reconfigurable to process different communication signals while utilizing less power than conventional designs. |
| US08009598B2 |
Method and system of radio resource allocation for mobile MIMO-OFDMA
This patent discloses a method and a system of radio resource allocation for a mobile MIMO-OFDMA system, the method comprising the steps of: generating a diagonal matrix according to a channel matrix; determining a sum capacity function associated with the diagonal matrix, a plurality of transmission powers, and a plurality of subcarrier fractions; performing a first subcarrier fraction allocation by maximizing the sum capacity function according to a predetermined user capacity condition; performing a first transmission power allocation according to the first subcarrier allocation; and performing a second subcarrier fraction allocation by maximizing the sum capacity function according to the first transmission power allocation and the predetermined user capacity condition. |
| US08009596B2 |
Data transmitting apparatus, data receiving apparatus, and data communication system
A data transmitting apparatus generates a block that includes identification information including the number of times divided data can be transmitted and data for error detection for detecting an error in the identification information associated with each other with respect to each divided data, and transmits the block to a data receiving apparatus. If the number of times divided data can be transmitted is one or more, the data transmitting apparatus stores the corresponding block in a transmission memory, and retransmits it upon a request for retransmission from the data receiving apparatus. |
| US08009591B2 |
Automatic overlapping areas that flood routing information
In one embodiment, a method includes receiving on a first communication link at a local router all routing information at a certain level of detail for each router of multiple routers communicating in a first flooding domain. A measure of distance is determined from a particular router in the first flooding domain to the local router. It is determined whether the measure of distance exceeds a threshold. If the measure of distance exceeds the threshold, then summary routing information with less than the certain level of detail is determined for the particular router. Also, certain routing information is sent over a different second communication link at the local router. The certain routing information includes the summary information for the particular router, and all routing information at the certain level of detail for a subset of routers communicating in the first flooding domain, which subset excludes the particular router. |
| US08009590B2 |
Method for linking several communication busses using wireless links
Method for linking a first and a second communication bus through a wireless link, comprising a first portal connected to the first bus and a second portal connected to the second bus, said first and second portal communicating over a wireless connection. The method comprises the steps of: associating the two portals to the wireless network; exchanging, between the two portals of self identification packets of nodes connected to their respective local busses, including the self identification packets of the portals themselves; generating a reset on each bus; carrying out a self identification procedure on each bus, where each portal generates self identification packets for itself and for nodes of the respective remote bus, using the self identification packets received following the association step. |
| US08009589B2 |
Subnet management in virtual host channel adapter topologies
A computer program product for subnet management in virtual host channel adapter topologies includes a tangible storage medium readable by a processing circuit and storing instructions for execution by the processing circuit for performing a method. The method includes receiving a request to add a new logical host channel adapter (HCA) to the subnet, updating a logical switch port topology control block to reflect a pointer to the new logical HCA, and updating a port topology control block of the logical HCA to reflect a pointer to the logical switch port. |
| US08009586B2 |
System and method for data transfer in a peer-to peer hybrid communication network
An improved system and method are disclosed for peer-to-peer communications. In one example, the method enables an endpoint to transfer data directly to another endpoint. |
| US08009584B1 |
System and method for implementing an IRC across multiple network devices
A system includes a plurality of network devices and an external memory. Each network device includes an address table. The external memory includes a group of address tables corresponding to the address tables of the network devices. The system monitors the address table associated with each of the network devices, detects whether one of the address tables has been updated, and updates the corresponding address table in the external memory in response to detecting an update to one of the address tables. |
| US08009581B2 |
Method in a scheduler for reducing inter-cell interference
The present invention relates to a method for reducing inter-cell interference in a cellular radio system in which said scheduler controls a set of shared radio resources. The method comprises the steps of—assigning cell specific resource priority weights (RPW) to the different radio resources of a cell, said assignment differs from the assignment of the same radio resources in at least one neighboring cell utilizing the resource priority weights for selection of radio resources. The resource priority weights can furthermore be combined with channel quality indication reports (CQI) to form weighted quality indexes (WCQI) for the radio resources that are available to the scheduler. The invention also relates to a scheduler performing said method and a radio network node comprising such scheduler. |
| US08009580B2 |
Signaling and training for antenna selection in OFDMA networks
A method selects antennas in an OFDMA wireless network including a base station and a mobile station. The mobile station measures a channel state of a downlink in a downlink subframe using different subsets of available antennas, and selects a subset of receive antennas for downlink reception based on the channel states between the base station and the different subsets of antennas at the mobile station. The base station measures the channel state in an uplink using an uplink subframe received in the base station from the mobile station, and selects a subset of transmit antennas for mobile station's uplink transmission based on the channel states between the base station and different subset of antennas at the mobile station. |
| US08009578B2 |
Wireless base station device, terminal, and wireless communication method
A wireless base station device includes a plurality of transmit weight generation sections and a beam selection section. The transmit weight generation sections generate pieces of transmit weight information used for spatial division multiplexing transmission according to different algorithms. The pieces of transmit weight information are generated based on channel information on a plurality of terminals each having one or more antennas with which the wireless base station device performs spatial division multiplexing transmission. The beam selection section selects one of the pieces of transmit weight information generated. |
| US08009574B2 |
Power level settings for transmission lines
A method, wherein the following steps are iteratively repeated: providing each of a plurality of signals at a respective one of a plurality of transmission links; transmitting each of the plurality of signals over the respective one of the plurality of transmission links; and measuring signal-to-noise ratios of the plurality of signals transmitted over the plurality of transmission links, wherein an input power level of each of the plurality of signals is set such that the signal-to-noise ratios of the plurality of signals converge when measured after their transmission over the plurality of transmission links. |
| US08009568B2 |
Congestion control in stateless domains
Reducing congestion in an IP domain wherein congested data flows arriving at an egress edge node of the network are identified. Total congestion represented by the congested flows is determined, and a congestion extent notification is sent from the egress edge node to its ingress edge node peer. The congestion extent notification includes information regarding the total congestion and is sent on a per-class basis. Congested core routers in the network insert DSCPs into data packets passing through them to enable the egress edge nodes to identify the affected flows. The core routers may also send congestion metric messages, designed to follow the same path as the marked packets, to inform the egress edge nodes of the extent of congestion. In an alternative method, the egress edge nodes inform their ingress peers that congestion is present, without initially identifying the extent. The ingress edge node sends a query downstream with a congestion metric. |
| US08009565B2 |
Switch with function for assigning queue based on a declared transfer rate
In an asynchronous transfer mode switch, a plurality of queues is provided for accumulating transfer cells, and a queue assignment processing section, receives a message for establishing a connection and assigns to the connection one of the queues having a forwarding rate close to a declared rate included in the message and not exceeding the declared rate. |
| US08009564B2 |
Transmitting apparatus and transmission rate control method
In a communication of explicit multicast system used in SICC, the frequency of variation of the transmission rate is reduced to achieve a multimedia data transmission exhibiting a high quality. An available bandwidth estimating part (102) of a transmitting apparatus (100) uses feedback information, which is received by a receiving part (101) from a receiving apparatus (200), to estimate a bandwidth available to the receiving apparatus. A bandwidth correcting part (103) corrects, based on a difference in header size between a current class and an upper-order class, the estimated available bandwidth. A class deciding part (104) uses the corrected bandwidth to change the class to which the receiving apparatus belongs. |
| US08009560B2 |
Detecting and managing congestion on a shared network link
Technologies are described herein for detecting and managing congestion on a shared network link. A determination is made whether the shared network link is congested based on loss rate and round-trip time (RTT) between a computer and a receiver operatively coupled by the shared network link. Upon determining that the shared network link is congested, a back-off operation is performed on the computer. The back-off operation may reduce an allocated bandwidth of the computer on the shared network link by transforming a higher allocated bandwidth into a lower allocated bandwidth. |
| US08009558B2 |
Pseudowire load balancing
In one embodiment, a communications distribution process maintains at least two pseudowires through a network such that the pseudowires share a burden of delivering data through the network. The communications distribution process receives feedback data concerning operation of each pseudowire. The communications distribution process utilizes the feedback data to distribute communications to the common destination across each of the pseudowires. Additionally, the communications distribution process utilizes the feedback to establish at least one new pseudowire, in addition to the first pseudowire and the second pseudowire, for transmission of data traffic. |
| US08009554B2 |
Method for multiple link quality of service for voice and video over internet protocol
A method for achieving multiple link quality of service for video and voice calls over Internet links, or over IP links running in private networks, is described. This method applies to both the non-mobile domain (alternate paths exist in one place at the same time) as well as the mobile domain (one path is used at any one place at a given time, but the user device roams from place to place). This method can be implemented as either computer software or other digital logic (ASIC or FPGA). Using this invention, voice and video calls can be moved at will from one path to another, as many times as required during a single conversation, without breaking the RTP voice or video payload stream. The benefit is that embodiments of this invention have a significantly higher probability that a call never breaks under various conditions of quality degrade. This includes the case of link and router failures, which are treated as a special case of quality degrade in the context of voice and video. |
| US08009552B2 |
AAS direct signaling framing methodologies to support high capacity wireless links
A new frame structure applicable to the IEEE 802.16 OFDMA wireless waveform is described, for the purposes of increasing base station capacity, increasing subscriber link rates and extending base station range. The frame structure provides the necessary constructs so that advance signal processing technologies such as Stacked Carrier Spread Spectrum and adaptive antenna technology may be used in combination with these constructs in order to realize these gains. These concepts are equally applicable in other advanced wireless waveforms based on OFDM or OFDMA such as LTE or UMB. |
| US08009550B2 |
Method and communications device for adapting the data transfer rate in a communications device
A method is provided for adapting the data transfer rate of a data flow in a communication device according to which: the data flow can be subdivided into at least one data block containing transmission bits to be transmitted; the transmission bits are formed by a coding process from information-carrying input bits; transmission bits determined from a data block of the data flow are removed (punctured) in order to adapt the data transfer rate; a puncturing pattern stipulates which transmission bits are to be removed, and; the puncturing pattern is constructed in such a manner that transmission bits are preferably removed that, during the coding process, depend on few input bits. The present invention also relates to a corresponding communication device. |
| US08009548B2 |
Optical recording medium
An optical recording medium of improved recording and reading characteristics, having both a read-only information recording layer and an information recording layer. The optical recording medium includes information recording layers capable of recording and reading by irradiation of laser light having a wavelength λ of 400 to 410 nm through an optical system having a numerical aperture NA of 0.8 to 0.9. In this medium, the information recording layers include at least a read-only information layer having information recorded in advance and an information recording layer different from the read-only information recording layer, the read-only information recording layer being capable of information recording of write-once type or rewritable type. The read-only information recording layer is stacked closest to a light incident surface of the laser light. |
| US08009542B2 |
Apparatus for recording/reproducing holographic data
A holographic information recording and/or reproducing apparatus includes: a light source to emit light; a polarization conversion device to form a polarized signal beam and an orthogonal polarized reference beam; an optical path forming optical system to separate the optical paths of the signal beam and the reference beam; a focus adjustment optical system disposed on the optical path of at least one of the signal beam and the reference beam, and to vary a position of a focus of at least one of the signal beam and the reference beam in a depth direction of the holographic information storage medium; an objective lens to focus the signal beam and the reference beam in the holographic information storage medium, and form an interference pattern to record information; and a 4f relay system disposed on an optical path between the focus adjustment optical system and the objective lens. |
| US08009541B2 |
Device, method, and computer program product for data migration
A device, method, and computer program product are provided for migrating pieces of data from a first recording location to a second recording location based on access frequency. The device comprises an obtaining unit for obtaining, for each of the pieces of data, first information indicating the number of times any data has been read from the first recording location after the piece of data is written to the first recording location and second information indicating the number of times the piece of data has been read from the first recording location. Moreover, the device comprises a tracking unit for tracking access frequency with respect to each of the pieces of data using the first information and the second information. Furthermore, the device comprises a determining unit for determining recording positions of each of the pieces of data in the second recording location based on the tracked access frequency. |
| US08009539B2 |
Monitoring and analyzing the storage quality and the drive hardware performance of a media library
A method and infrastructure are provided for monitoring and analyzing the storage media quality and the drive hardware performance of a media library. The media library comprises a plurality of removable storage media, a plurality of drive units for said storage media and means for moving said storage media to and from appropriate drive units. The media library is managed by a management system being connected to said media library. At least one reference medium of a known and proven quality to compare the performance of at least one of said storage media in a given drive unit with the performance of said reference medium in said given drive unit and/or to test the performance of at least one given drive unit of said media library when acting on said reference medium. |
| US08009535B2 |
Recording apparatus and method, computer program, and recording medium
A recording apparatus includes: a first calculating device for calculating an optimum power for recording the data pattern into a recording-scheduled area (RSA) in an inner area; a first controlling device recording the data pattern with the optimum power outside an end on an outer side of the RSA; a second calculating device calculating an adjustment power used in adjusting a recording condition outside the end on the outer side of the RSA, considering a difference between recording sensitivity inside and outside the RSA; a second controlling device recording the data pattern for adjusting the recording condition with the adjustment power outside the RSA; a reading device obtaining a read signal; a measuring device measuring read signal jitter; an adjusting device adjusting the recording condition for satisfactory jitter; and a third controlling device to record the data pattern into the RSA using the optimum power and the adjusted recording condition. |
| US08009530B2 |
Information providing system, reproduction device and method, information providing device and method, recording medium, and program
There are provided an information providing system, a reproduction device and method, an information providing device and method, a recording medium, and a program capable of comparatively freely utilizing the content recorded on a disc according to the user preference. When download of an audio file of Japanese language is instructed, the update file of the content recorded on the optical disc (11) is downloaded. The Audio stream file as an audio file of Japanese language, the Clip Information file accompanying it, the Play List file controlling the reproduction of the Audio stream file, and the navigation program file which has been updated are recorded as the update file in a local storage (12). By the navigation program which has been updated, for example, the Audio stream file of Clip 3 as the Japanese language audio is reproduced. The present invention can be applied to a player to which a recording medium where the content has been recorded is detachably attached. |
| US08009529B2 |
Multi-layered information recording medium, reproduction apparatus, recording apparatus, reproduction method, and recording method
A multi-layered information recording medium comprising a plurality of recording layers, a user data area for recording user data, provided in at least two of the plurality of recording layers, and a defect list storing area for storing a defect list. When at least one defective area is detected in the user data area, the defect list is used to manage the at least one defective area. |
| US08009522B2 |
Focusing servo device, optical disc recording/reproducing device and focus-searching method
A focusing servo device, an optical disc recording/reproducing device and a focus-searching method are provided for making a focus of an energy beam emitted by a pick-up unit to fall in an accessible range of a data layer of a disc. The method comprises the following steps: recording the deviation of the focal point during each predetermined period when the focal point of the energy beam is fallen in the accessible range such that the optical disc recording/reproducing device is operated in a feedback control mode; determining a focus-searching range based on the recorded deviation of the focal point; and moving the focal point in the focus-searching range to make the focal point to fall in the accessible range when the focal point of the energy beam is fallen out of the accessible range such that the optical disc recording/reproducing device is operated in a focus-searching mode. |
| US08009521B2 |
Wristwatch with concave glass lens and dial
A wristwatch that includes a concave lens and concave dial contained within a bezel and housing. The concave shape of the lens causes the upper most surface of the wristwatch to be the bezel, so the upper surface of the lens cannot be scratch if the user places the watch face down on a surface. The concave shape of the dial causes an increase in surface area for time marking indicia on the dial face. This effect combines with the concave angle of the lens to increase the appearance of the indicia and reduce glare. |
| US08009515B2 |
Ground threat location for an aircraft
Systems and methods are provided for locating threats to an aircraft that are located on the ground. Associated bearings are determined from an aircraft for each of a plurality of detected shots from a threat at ground level. A plurality of pairs of bearings are selected, and a weight value is calculated for each selected pair of bearings. An estimated position for the threat is determined from each selected pair of bearings. An improved estimation of the position for the threat is calculated as a weighted combination of the estimated positions. |
| US08009506B2 |
Memory architecture having multiple partial wordline drivers and contacted and feed-through bitlines
Various embodiments are disclosed relating to a memory circuit architecture. In an example embodiment, which may accommodate a change to a new memory size or cell aspect ratio, while migrating between different process nodes or the same process generation, while retaining at least a portion of the periphery circuitry, a memory circuit architecture may be employed in which the memory array is divided into an upper half and a lower half, thereby splitting the cache Ways among the two halves. The wordline may be split among the two array halves, with each half driven by a half wordline driver. Also, in another embodiment, two sets of bitlines may be provided for each column, including a contacted set of bitlines and a feed-through set of bitlines. |
| US08009505B2 |
Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device includes a row control circuit block and a column control circuit block each performing an access control over a memory cell array, a data I/O circuit block transmitting and receiving data to and from the memory cell array, and a control circuit changing at least a part of the row control circuit block, the column control circuit block, and the data I/O circuit block from a standby state into an active state in response to a setting of a predetermined mode signal to a mode register. According to the present invention, even if it is necessary to turn predetermined circuit blocks into the active state by an operation other than a read or write operation, there is no need to always set these circuit blocks into the active state. |
| US08009499B2 |
Providing a capacitor-based power supply to enable backup copying of data from volatile storage to persistent storage
A system includes a volatile storage, a persistent storage, a capacitor-based power supply, and a controller coupled to the capacitor-based power supply. The controller detects interruption of main power, and in response to detecting the interruption of main power, begins backup copying of data from the volatile storage to the persistent storage. After beginning the backup copying of data, the controller checks whether the main power has resumed prior to depletion of the capacitor-based power supply. In response to detecting that main power has resumed prior to depletion of the capacitor-based power supply, the controller resumes operation using content of the volatile storage without restoring data from the persistent storage. |
| US08009498B2 |
Memory refresh system and operating method thereof
A memory refresh system includes a comparative detection circuit, a logic circuit, and a timing circuit. The comparative detection circuit detects a voltage of the storage capacitor of a memory cell of the memory and generates a corresponding digital code by comparing the voltage with a reference voltage. Each memory cell has a corresponding digital code. The combination of the digital codes of the memory cells forms a first state. After a specific period of time, the voltages of the storage capacitors of the memory cells are once detected by the comparative detection circuit, and corresponding digital codes are generated and combined to form a second state. The logic circuit compares the first state and the second state to determining whether or not to change the refresh period of a refresh period detecting process. The timing circuit changes the refresh period according to the determination result of the logic circuit. |
| US08009497B2 |
Auto-refresh control circuit and a semiconductor memory device using the same
An auto-refresh control circuit includes a control signal generating section configured to simultaneously or individually enable first and second control signals in response to an information combination signal having refresh information and operation mode information and first and second chip selection signals, and an auto-refresh signal generating section configured to generate first and second auto-refresh signals in response to a plurality of command signals and the first and second control signals. |
| US08009496B2 |
Semiconductor device including asymmetric sense amplifier
A semiconductor device includes an alternating arrangement of memory cell blocks and sense amplifier blocks, such that the sense amplifier blocks include an interior sense amplifier block and a periphery amplifier block. The peripheral amplifier block includes a first sense amplification unit having a first sense amplifier and a second sense amplifier cross-coupled between a bit line and a complementary bit line. The first sense amplifier supplies/receives current to/from the bit line, the second sense amplifier provides/receives current to/from the complementary bit line, and a current driving capability for the first sense amplifier is greater than a current driving capability of the second sense amplifier. |
| US08009493B2 |
Semiconductor memory apparatus and test method thereof
A semiconductor memory apparatus includes a bit line pair electrically connected to a memory cell and a bit line sense amplifier for detecting and amplifying voltage levels of the bit line pair. The semiconductor memory apparatus is configured to perform a test to determine the occurrence of leakage current by deactivating the bit line sense amplifier and applying a test voltage to the bit line pair when the semiconductor memory apparatus is in test mode. |
| US08009490B2 |
Memory interface circuit and memory system including the same
The memory interface circuit may include a master delay unit and a slave delay unit. The master delay unit generates a control signal for controlling a delay time based on a clock signal. The slave delay unit selects one signal of an inversion signal of the clock signal and a data strobe signal in response to a mode signal and delays the selected signal in response to the control signal. The slave delay unit selectively outputs a delayed clock signal that may be delayed by a first phase with respect to the clock signal or a delayed data strobe signal that may be delayed by a second phase with respect to the data strobe signal. |
| US08009485B2 |
Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device includes training drivers configured to transmit one of data and a predetermined training data pattern from a first data lines to a second data lines in response to a training control signal which is produced by decoding a read training command; and the second data lines configured to transmit an output of the training drivers. The semiconductor memory device according to the present invention can exactly measure a delay time, which is changed according to the surrounding environments between a semiconductor memory device and a data processing unit, through a data training and operation timing can be also adjusted based on the measured delay time. |
| US08009483B2 |
Nonvolatile memory cell and data latch incorporating nonvolatile memory cell
A nonvolatile memory cell includes: a first NMOS transistor having a floating gate; a second NMOS transistor and a third NMOS transistor connected to a drain side and a source side of the first NMOS transistor; and a first PMOS transistor and a second PMOS transistor each having the floating gate as a gate, and wherein a read signal is inputted to gates of the second and third NMOS transistors, a control gate signal is inputted to a source and an n-well of the first PMOS transistor, an erase signal is inputted to a source and an n-well of the second PMOS transistor, and a write data signal is inputted to a source of the first NMOS transistor. |
| US08009478B2 |
Non-volatile memory apparatus and methods
Some embodiments include apparatus and methods having memory cells coupled in series and a module to cause an application of voltages with at least three different values to gates of the memory cells during an operation to retrieve information stored in at least one of the memory cells. Additional apparatus and methods are described. |
| US08009477B2 |
Integrated circuit and method of forming an integrated circuit
An integrated circuit and a method of forming an integrated circuit. One embodiment includes a conductive line formed above a surface of a carrier. A slope of the sidewalls of the conductive line in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the carrier reveals a discontinuity and a width of the conductive line in an upper portion thereof is larger than the corresponding width in the lower portion. |
| US08009461B2 |
SRAM device, and SRAM device design structure, with adaptable access transistors
A semiconductor device includes a SRAM having a pair of MCSFETs connected as access transistors (pass gates). A design structure embodied or stored in a machine readable medium includes a SRAM having two MCSFETs connected as access transistors. |
| US08009459B2 |
Circuit for high speed dynamic memory
A memory cell includes a write access transistor coupled between a storage node and a write bit line, and active during a write cycle responsive to a voltage on a write word line; a read access transistor coupled between a read word line and a read bit line, and active during a read cycle responsive to a voltage at the storage node; and a storage capacitor coupled between the read word line and the storage node. Methods for operating the memory cell are also disclosed. |
| US08009452B1 |
Multiple driver power supply
A power supply includes a power source having at least one power source output, and a plurality of drivers connected to the at least one power source output. At least one of the plurality of drivers includes a bridge network having a first switch, a second switch and a bridge network output. The first switch is connected between the at least one power source output and the bridge network output. The second switch is connected between the bridge network output and a ground. The bridge network further includes at least one control input connected to the second switch. The bridge network is adapted to change a state of the first switch based on a state of the second switch. |
| US08009445B2 |
Switching power source apparatus
A switching power source apparatus includes a switching element connected through a primary winding of a transformer to a voltage terminal of a DC input voltage, a rectifying-smoothing circuit to rectify and smooth a voltage induced by a secondary winding of the transformer and provide a DC output voltage, a control circuit for controlling ON/OFF of the switching element, and a delay circuit to generate a predetermined delay time. The control circuit detects the DC input voltage, starts a switching operation of the switching element if the DC input voltage has increased to or above a threshold value, and stops the switching operation of the switching element if the DC input voltage is lower than the threshold value and that a period during which the DC input voltage is continuously lower than the threshold value has reached the predetermined delay time. |
| US08009441B2 |
Electronic component cover and arrangement
An electronic component cover comprises a plate having a first region adapted to substantially cover at least one side of a first electronic component. The plate is adapted to accommodate a second electronic component thereon, such as a SIM card or a SIM card reader. The plate may include a second region to accommodate the second electronic component therein. The electronic component cover may comprise one or more leads adapted to provide electrical communication between the first electronic component and the second electronic component. The one or more leads are electrically isolated from the plate. The cover may further comprise a nonconductive mount adapted to accommodate the second electronic component thereon. The nonconductive mount secures the one or more leads to the plate while electrically isolating the one or more leads from the plate. |
| US08009439B2 |
Metal foil interconnection of electrical devices
An electrical assembly (300, 400) includes a power IC such as a MOSFET (112, 412) attached to a substrate module (114, 214). The MOSFET includes a top surface comprising first and second conductive device surfaces (A, B), associated with first and second device ports, and a bottom surface comprising a third conductive device surface C associated with a third device port. A first foil element is bonded to the first conductive device surface(s) A and to each of the first conductive substrate surfaces (A1, A2) and provides a continuous conductive pathway from each conductive surface (A) to each other conductive surface (A) and to each conductive surface (A1, A2). A second foil element is bonded to the second conductive device surface(s) B and to the second conductive substrate surface B1 and provides a continuous conductive pathway from each device conductive surface (B) to the substrate conductive surface (B1). A third foil element may be installed to electrically interconnect the discrete second device surfaces (B). The foil elements reduce interconnection parasitics and reduce charge and thermal energy density at device conductive surfaces as compared to wire bonded electrical interconnections. The foil elements may be comprised of formed metal elements that are flexible but sufficiently rigid to hold a formed shape or flexible foils supported on a flexible dielectric substrate. |
| US08009437B2 |
Wireless communication modules
The present disclosure generally pertains to wireless communication modules that can be used for enabling wireless communication in various applications. A wireless communication module in accordance with one embodiment may be interfaced with other devices, such as nodes of a wireless sensor network (WSN). The module has rows of male integrated circuit (IC) pins that may be interfaced with female pin receptacles of another device. The module receives wireless signals and provides the data of such wireless signals to the other device. The module also receives data from the other devices and packetizes such data for wireless communication. |
| US08009436B2 |
Integrated circuit package system with channel
An integrated circuit package system provides a substrate and contact pads are formed on the substrate. A channel is formed in the substrate between the contact pads. A circuit component is electrically connected to the contact pads, with the circuit component over the channel. The circuit component, the contact pads, and the channel are encapsulated in encapsulant, the encapsulant flowing into the channel. |
| US08009434B2 |
Touch control panel
A touch control panel for use with a coffeemaker is disclosed. In the touch control panel, a PC board unit provided with backlight plates and a printed panel are secured to an inner side of a front decorative cover, made of a transparent material, with threaded fasteners. Protrusions formed on the front decorative cover and on an upper front decorative cover are engaged with corresponding cavities on a back panel. A back panel cover is engaged in the back panel at a location adjacent to a rear side of the PC board unit. An upper decorative strip and a lower decorative strip are affixed to an outer side of the front decorative cover. The touch control panel is secured to a front side of an upper body and of a lower body of the coffeemaker to serve both decorative and functional purposes. |
| US08009433B2 |
Radio control device, electrical actuator and home automation installation including such a device
A radio control device used to control a motor for driving a mobile screen which includes a printed circuit to control the motor, power supply conductors for the motor and printed circuit, and an aerial which is connected to the printed circuit and coupled electromagnetically, with galvanic insulation, to at least one of the conductors. The device also includes a box in which the printed circuit, aerial and conductors are housed. |
| US08009432B2 |
Retaining apparatus for a flexible printed circuit board
An exemplary mounting support for a flexible printed circuit board is provided. The flexible printed circuit board has a side surface and at least one electronic component mounted on the side surface. The mounting support includes a first surface for contacting with the side surface of the flexible printed circuit board and a second surface on an opposite side of the mounting support to the first surface. The mounting support has at least one first recess defined in the first surface for receiving the at least one electronic component therein and at least one through-hole defined through the first surface and the second surface. The mounting support has at least one second recess defined in the second surface. The mounting support can fix a double surface mounted flexible printed circuit board flatly, thereby enhancing laser processing precision. |
| US08009431B2 |
Computer housing and computer including the same
A computer housing is adapted for receiving a motherboard and at least one electronic component therein, and includes a housing unit and a support board. The housing unit has an opening, and includes at least one first sliding portion that is provided at each of two opposite sides of an inner surface of the housing unit, that extends along a sliding direction, and that is connected to the opening. The support board is adapted for securing the motherboard and the electronic component, and includes a second sliding portion provided at each of two opposite edges of the support board and slidable relative to the first sliding portion in the sliding direction. |
| US08009426B2 |
Housing for protecting electronic components having vents
Settop box (STB) or other housing for use in protecting electronic components. The housing may include an interior portion for protecting the components. The housing may include feet on a bottom and side to facilitate stabilizing the STB in a vertical and horizontal position. The housing may include vents to facilitate air flow to the interior. The vents may be associated with blocking aspects to protect against blocking the vents. |
| US08009413B2 |
Electronic device assembly
An electronic device includes a front cover, a keyboard, and a sliding apparatus. The sliding apparatus is slidably coupled to the front cover. The keyboard is pivotally coupled to the sliding apparatus. By pulling the sliding apparatus and rotating the keyboard, the keyboard is foldable on the front cover. |
| US08009411B2 |
Electronic device
An electronic device includes a housing and a circuit board contained in the housing. The housing includes a main wall, a side wall, a vertical wall, a first rib, and a second rib. The side wall is integrally formed with the main wall. The vertical wall is integrally formed with the main wall and faces to the side wall. The first rib is integrally formed with the side wall and the main wall. The first rib extends from the side wall toward the vertical wall. The first rib has a first end portion separated from the vertical wall. The second rib is integrally formed with the vertical wall and the main wall. The second rib extends from the vertical wall toward the side wall. The second rib has a second end portion separated from the side wall. The second rib faces to the first end. |
| US08009410B2 |
Modular keyfob with pivoting armatures
In at least one embodiment, a keyfob assembly comprising a housing and a battery chamber is provided. The housing includes a plurality of electrical components positioned therein for transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals to a vehicle. The battery chamber is positioned within the housing and includes at least one removable battery operably coupled to the electrical components for powering the electrical components. The battery chamber is capable of being slideably removed from the housing to facilitate battery exchange. |
| US08009409B2 |
Electrochemical capacitor
An electroactive material for charge storage and transport in an electrochemical capacitor. The material is formed of a plurality of nanocomponents including nanoparticles, in turn formed of conductive carbon-based clusters bound together by a conductive carbon-based cluster binder including nanoclusters and nanocluster binders, all having high densities of mobile charge carriers (electrons, electronic acceptors, ionic species). A terminal is electrically coupled to the nanoparticles for charge transport. |
| US08009407B2 |
Adjustable capacitor and circuit provided therewith
A capacitor includes a multi layer structure on a ceramic or crystalline substrate. The multilayer structure includes a lower electrode, an upper electrode, and a dielectric that is tunable by a voltage applied to the electrodes. The multilayer structure is configured such that resonant oscillation modes of bulk acoustic waves can be propagated in the multilayer structure and such that the resonant frequencies of the oscillation modes are outside a first band range of between 810 and 1000 MHz, second band range of between 1700 and 2205 MHz and third band range of between 2400 and 2483.5 MHz. |
| US08009404B2 |
Redundant power supply with a switchable, linear voltage regulator
A system is provided that effectively obviates shortcomings of conventional, diode-ORed, redundant power supply systems by forcing a primary power source to provide power to the system load most the time, even when the primary source provides a lower voltage than that of a secondary power source. This preferential selection of the lower-voltage primary is achieved by interposing a power switching unit between the secondary power source and the ORing diode in front of the load. The power switching unit of the illustrative embodiment comprises a voltage regulator that is regulated at a first voltage level, which is lower than the nominal output voltage level provided by the primary power source. Meanwhile, the primary power source is able to charge the secondary power source, which is a battery in the illustrative embodiment, so that the secondary power source can provide power to the load when the primary power source is either interrupted or falls below the first voltage level. |
| US08009402B2 |
Surge arrester with a cage design, and a production method for it
The invention relates to a surge arrester having a cage design, and to a method for its production. According to the invention, during extrusion-coating or encapsulation of a module comprising two end fittings (3) and a plurality of varistor blocks (1) and at least one reinforcing element (9) in order to form the outer housing (5), first through-holes (11) for the reinforcing element (9) thereof are sealed with silicone. For this purpose, second through-holes (15) are provided in the end fittings (3), through which the silicone runs during casting or spraying, and enters the through-holes (11) from the outside, in order in this way to seal them against water and moisture. |
| US08009401B2 |
Voltage surge protection device comprising selective disconnection means
A voltage surge protection device comprising a disconnection device with electric contacts said disconnection device comprising a first connecting electrode electrically connected with a first connecting strip, a second connecting electrode electrically connected with a second connecting strip, and a third switching electrode electrically connected to the second connecting strip. The protection device comprises a surge arrestor connected in series with a thermal disconnector between the third movable arc switching electrode and the second connecting strip. Said thermal disconnector comprises at least one fuse element extending between a first and second conducting radial wall of an arc extinguishing chamber, said arc extinguishing chamber comprising at least one conducting separator. |
| US08009400B2 |
Interface circuit and portable electronic device employing the same
An interface circuit for connecting with a universal serial bus (USB) data cable includes a USB connector for connecting with the USB data cable, an over voltage protection (OVP) circuit connected to the USB connector, and a time delay circuit connected to the USB connector and the OVP circuit to control the OVP circuit. The OVP circuit is switched off in a predetermined delay time of the time delay circuit when the USB data cable is connected to the USB connector, and is then switched on after the delay time of the time delay circuit. |
| US08009399B2 |
ESD improvement with dynamic substrate resistance
In some embodiments, an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit includes a substrate resistance control circuit coupled to a body of a first NMOS transistor. The substrate resistance control circuit increases a resistance of the body of the first NMOS transistor during an ESD event. The first NMOS transistor has a drain coupled to an input/output (I/O) pad and a gate coupled to a first voltage source. The first voltage source is set at ground potential. |
| US08009397B2 |
Method and circuit for eFuse protection
An eFuse (electronic fuse) circuit has a first detector for determining whether an ESD (electrostatic discharge) event occurs at a circuit pad of an integrated circuit and provides an ESD trigger signal in response thereto. A second detector detects a presence of a first power supply voltage and provides a power on signal indicating the presence of the first power supply voltage. A fuse is permitted to be programmable when no detection of the ESD event occurs and at the same time a presence of the power on signal is detected. The fuse is not permitted to be programmed when an ESD event is detected or when there is an absence of the power on signal. An array of fuses is thereby protected from inadvertent programming from an ESD event or powering up an integrated circuit. |
| US08009393B2 |
Thermoelectric device utilized as voltage snubber
An electric circuit includes a plurality of electric circuit elements. The circuit is prone to creating voltage spikes on a pair of spaced lines. A jumper line connects the pair of spaced lines. A thermoelectric element is connected on the jumper line such that the voltage spike will pass through a hot node on the thermoelectric element. A cool node of the thermoelectric element is positioned adjacent to components which require cooling. |
| US08009391B2 |
Magnetic sensing element and method for manufacturing the same
An underlying layer is composed of Co—Fe—B that is an amorphous magnetic material. Thus, the upper surface of the underlying layer can be taken as a lower shield layer-side reference position for obtaining a gap length (GL) between upper and lower shields, resulting in a narrower gap than before. In addition, since the underlying layer has an amorphous structure, the underlying layer does not adversely affect the crystalline orientation of individual layers to be formed thereon, and the surface of the underlying layer has good planarizability. Accordingly, PW50 (half-amplitude pulse width) and SN ratio can be improved more than before without causing a decrease in rate of change in resistance (Δ R/R) or the like, thereby achieving a structure suitable for increasing recording density. |
| US08009387B2 |
Forming an aluminum alloy oxynitride underlayer and a diamond-like carbon overcoat to protect a magnetic recording head and/or media
A method for forming a protective bilayer on a magnetic read/write head or magnetic disk. The bilayer is formed as an adhesion enhancing underlayer and a protective diamond-like carbon (DLC) overlayer. The underlayer is formed of an aluminum or alloyed aluminum oxynitride, having the general formula AlOxNy or MezAlOxNy where Mez symbolizes Tiz, Siz or Crz and where x, y and z can be varied within the formation process. By adjusting the values of x and y the adhesion underlayer contributes to such qualities of the protective bilayer as stress compensation, chemical and mechanical stability and low electrical conductivity. Various methods of forming the underlayer are provided, including reactive ion sputtering, plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition, pulsed laser deposition and plasma immersion ion implantation. |
| US08009385B2 |
High density array system with active movable media drawers
A storage system is provided having at least one storage unit, the storage unit including an electrical power source, a communication source and a cover that defines, at least in part an interior space. The storage system operates with a media blade that comprises a plurality of data storage elements, the media blade moveable in a drawer like motion though a cooperating opening in the cover. The storage system further includes a motion accommodating conductor apparatus connecting the plurality of data storage elements to the electrical power source and the communication source such that power from the electrical power source and communication from the communication source may be provided to the media blade without interruption when the media blade is moved in the drawer like motion outward from at least partially within the interior space. |
| US08009380B2 |
Disk drive and method for controlling clearance in the disk drive
A disk drive. The disk drive includes a disk configured to store data, a slider configured to fly in proximity to the disk, and a magnetic-recording head on the slider configured to access the disk. The disk drive also includes a moving mechanism configured to support and to move the head-slider, an adjustment portion configured to adjust clearance between the magnetic-recording head and the disk, and a controller configured to control the adjustment portion to control the clearance. The controller is configured to perform clearance control in a first mode in an operation selected from the group consisting of reading user data and writing user data according to a change in fly height of the slider after a load operation, and subsequently is configured to perform clearance control in a second mode in an operation selected from the group consisting of reading user data and writing user data. |
| US08009378B2 |
Storage device and information processing apparatus
According to one embodiment, a power management module of a storage device executes a process of stopping rotation of a disk storage medium by selectively using one of a first mode of stopping the rotation of the disk storage medium on condition that a media access command is not received during a predetermined time from last reception of a media access command, and a second mode of stopping the rotation of the disk storage medium on condition that a media access command which causes access to the disk storage medium is not received during a predetermined time from last reception of a media access command which causes access to the disk storage medium. In addition, the power management module executes a process of starting the rotation of the disk storage medium by selectively using one of a third mode and a fourth mode. |
| US08009372B2 |
Lens driving device
A lens driving device comprises an annular magnet carriage acting as the outer frame of the lens driving device. A magnet and a coil are disposed in the annular magnet carriage. A lens holder with a lens is disposed in the central circular hole of the annular magnet carriage. A front spring with front gasket is disposed in front of the lens holder, and a rear springs with rear gasket is disposed in back of the lens holder. The annular magnet carriage, the front spring, the rear spring, the front gasket, the rear gasket, the lens holder, and the base are all in the shape of flat plate and nested connect with each other to form a position mechanism. |
| US08009370B2 |
Method of constructing physical lens based on depth-of-focus characteristics, and lens with extended depth of focus constructed by the method
A method of constructing a physical lens based on depth of focus characteristics and an axially symmetric lens with an extended depth of focus constructed by the method are provided. An expression is deduced by substituting a depth of focus characteristic and a relation between vectors of arbitrary points on a lens surface into Snell's law, and partial differentiation is performed on the expression to yield a differential equation satisfied with arbitrary points on the lens surface. The differential equation is solved by, for example, numerical analysis to obtain a curve of an axially symmetric physical lens surface. |
| US08009366B2 |
Super wide-angle lens
A small-sized super wide-angle lens for a solid-state image sensor that is suitable for a digital input apparatus such as a monitoring camera and an onboard camera, which is excellent in terms of optical performance and is low in terms of cost. The super wide-angle lens includes, in order from an object side thereof: a first lens with a negative refractive power; a second lens with a negative refractive power; a third lens with a positive refractive power; and a fourth lens with a positive refractive power. The first lens is a meniscus lens including a convex surface facing the object side. Each of the second lens and the fourth lens includes at lest one rotational-asymmetric surface. |
| US08009363B2 |
Prism beamsplitters
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to single prism beamsplitters and compound beamsplitters formed from combining one or more of the single prism beamsplitters. In one embodiment, the beamsplitters can be configured to produce one or more split beams of light that can emerge at angles other than 90° to one another. The prisms of the beamsplitter embodiments are configured so that light propagating through prisms encounter one or more intermediate planar surfaces at various angles with respect to the path of the light. A certain number of the intermediate planar surfaces can be angled so that the light transmitted along a particular path undergoes total internal reflection within the prism. A number of other intermediate planar surfaces are angled so that the light transmitted along a particular path does not undergo total internal reflection. |
| US08009361B2 |
Lens array and line head
A lens array includes: a lens array substrate having a light transmissive property; a first lens disposed on the lens array substrate; and a second lens disposed on the lens array substrate in a first direction from the first lens and different from the first lens in peripheral shape. |
| US08009359B2 |
Lenticular container and method of making
The present disclosure relates to a lenticular display article, such as a container, and a method of making the article. The article includes a lenticular sidewall, which defines a cavity having a top end, and a bottom end, the sidewall having a seam; and an optional base attached to the bottom end of the sidewall. The method of making the article can includes forming a frustoconical sidewall having a seam joining the opposite ends and optionally affixing a base to the bottom end of a lenticular sidewall. Alternatively, the bottom end of the sidewall may be sealed to itself to form a baseless tube. |
| US08009356B1 |
Tunable surface plasmon devices
A tunable extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) device wherein the tunability derives from controlled variation of the dielectric constant of a semiconducting material (semiconductor) in evanescent-field contact with a metallic array of sub-wavelength apertures. The surface plasmon resonance wavelength can be changed by changing the dielectric constant of the dielectric material. In embodiments of this invention, the dielectric material is a semiconducting material. The dielectric constant of the semiconducting material in the metal/semiconductor interfacial region is controllably adjusted by adjusting one or more of the semiconductor plasma frequency, the concentration and effective mass of free carriers, and the background high-frequency dielectric constant in the interfacial region. Thermal heating and/or voltage-gated carrier-concentration changes may be used to variably adjust the value of the semiconductor dielectric constant. |
| US08009352B2 |
Microscope with centered illumination
A microscope comprising a main objective having a variable focal length and comprising an illuminating unit including a light source and an illuminating optical system for generating an illuminating beam path directed onto the object plane and extending outside the main objective. A unit is provided for centering the illumination dependent on a variation of the focal length of the main objective. The illuminating optical system is mounted at least in part in a laterally shiftable manner for centering the illumination. |
| US08009348B2 |
Machine-readable displays
A reflective electro-optic display (200) has a bar code display area (206) arranged to display a bar code readable by a bar code scanner. |
| US08009344B2 |
Multi-layer sheet for use in electro-optic displays
A multi-layer film, useful as a front sub-assembly in electro-optic displays, comprises, in this order: a light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer (114); a light-transmissive first protective layer (112); a light-transmissive moisture barrier layer (108); and a light-transmissive second protective layer (106). This multi-layer film can be used in forming an electro-optic display by the processes described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,982,179 or Patent Publication No. 2007/0109219. |
| US08009340B2 |
Apparatus and method for recording fresnel holograms
An apparatus for producing a hologram of an object includes a light source that emits an incoherent electromagnetic wave toward the object, and a masking device configured to display a mask, receive the incoherent electromagnetic wave emitted toward the object, mask the received incoherent electromagnetic wave according to the displayed mask, and produce a masked electromagnetic wave. The apparatus also includes an image recording device configured to capture an image of the masked electromagnetic wave, and a processing device configured to convert the image of the masked electromagnetic wave into the hologram of the object. A method for producing a hologram of an object is also described. |
| US08009338B2 |
Image processing apparatus
An image processing apparatus that reduces a color of a document image to be printed. An image generation unit scans a document to generate image data. A hue determination unit determines a specific hue included in the image data and a hue becoming a complementary color of the specific hue. A color reduction unit reduces a color of the image data based on the specific hue and the hue becoming the complementary color of the specific hue. An output unit outputs the image data whose color is reduced on a recording medium. Image data that is of a hue in a predetermined range from the hue becoming the complementary color is replaced with the hue becoming the complementary color, and image data that is outside of the predetermined range is replaced with the specific hue. |
| US08009334B2 |
Receipts scanner and financial organizer
The system contains a scanner, an apparatus for scanning receipts into a computer and a unique software program which automatically processes, organizes and saves expense information that can be viewed in various formats, namely, tabular statements, pie-charts, etc. The scanner, which accommodates paper of differing sizes, is used to input bills, receipts, bank statements, etc. The scanner is usually connected to a computer through a Universal Serial Bus or a parallel port for easy installation. The software program creates a text file of the scanned data by inclusion of sorting, categories, etc., and automatically saves the information in Quicken Interchange Format, allowing it to be imported into any financial management software for further processing. Each receipt is treated as an individual transaction. Multiple items in the receipt are used to create a “split” transaction with proper customizable categories added. Further, the software also allows for record keeping, budgeting and budget balancing. |
| US08009331B2 |
Image forming apparatus
An image forming apparatus comprises an inner discharge part which discharges a recording sheet on which an image has been formed, a size determining unit which determines whether or not a size of the recording sheet to be discharged in the inner discharge part is smaller than a predetermined size, and a notification unit which indicates that the size of the recording sheet is smaller than the predetermined size based on a determination by the size determining unit. |
| US08009325B1 |
Controlling black levels using a three dimensional intermediate color space
A method includes identifying multiple preferred color values in a destination color space. Each preferred color value is one of a set of colorimetrically equivalent color values. The destination color space has color values defined by a particular number of color components. The method further includes defining intermediate color values in an intermediate color space. The intermediate color values correspond to the multiple color values and the intermediate color space has a number of color components that is less than the particular number of color components of the destination color space. The method also includes identifying a known mapping from the destination color space to a source color space and using the intermediate color values and the known mapping to determine a conversion process for converting source color values to preferred color values. |
| US08009324B2 |
Methods and apparatuses for printer calibration
A test pattern printed by a printer is assessed—without colorimetric equipment—to provide data used in recalibrating the printer. The assessment may be made by an unskilled operator, and can include discerning whether a particular pattern is visible in the printed test pattern, or whether a feature in the test pattern is relatively wider or narrower. From such assessment, needed changes to the printer's calibration data are inferred and implemented. A variety of other printer calibration techniques are disclosed. The technology is illustrated in the context of dye sublimation printers, and is particularly useful in optimizing printing of digitally-watermarked graphics. |
| US08009316B2 |
Methods and apparatus for efficient sheetside bitmap processing using meta-data information
Methods and apparatus for using meta-data structures to represent portions of a bitmap memory when generating the sheetside image and when generating a compressed representation of the sheetside image. A table of meta-data structures is maintained with each structure corresponding to a portion of the bitmap memory. Data objects representing a sheetside image are processed by determining which portions the data object would affect, by updating the meta-data structures corresponding to affected portions to indicate whether the affect generates a “compact” type of data or a “non-compact” type of data, and for the “non-compact” types of data writing data to the bitmap memory. For portions having “compact” type of data, the corresponding meta-data structures alone describes the bitmap portion of data. A compressed-bitmap generator then uses the meta-data structures and the portions of the bitmap memory containing “non-compact” data to generate a compressed representation of the sheetside image. |
| US08009312B2 |
Appropriate printer selection simulation system, ink consumption amount simulation device, and cost server
An appropriate printer selection simulation system for selecting an appropriate printer providing more expressive output with lower running cost is disclosed. The system includes a user terminal, a printer, and a server connected to each other via a network. The printer includes an e-mail generating unit extracting printer information including the ink consumption amount with respect to the printer and generating e-mail including the extracted printer information, and an e-mail transmitting unit transmitting the e-mail generated by the e-mail generating unit to the server. The server includes a cost report generating unit generating the cost report indicating that the cost of the ink consumption amount when a color copy is printed in color is less than the cost of the ink consumption amount when the color copy is printer in monochrome, and a transmitting unit transmitting the generated cost report to the user terminal. |
| US08009310B2 |
Print control program, method of controlling printing apparatus, and print control unit
A print control program for controlling execution of a print job, the print job being shared among a main printing apparatus and one or more sub-printing apparatus(es), the print control program allowing a computer to function as: a print requesting section for requesting the main printing apparatus and the sub-printing apparatus(es) to execute the print job in a cooperative manner; an apparatus information acquiring section for acquiring information relating to printing capabilities of the respective printing apparatuses as apparatus information, the apparatus information being stored in the main printing apparatus in advance; an instruction determining section for determining shares of the print job assigned to the respective apparatuses based upon the acquired apparatus information; and a controlling section for generating control instructions to be transmitted to the respective apparatuses. |
| US08009302B2 |
Obtaining print system settings for selected print media attributes in a networked print job environment
What is disclosed is a novel system and method for automatically retrieving and configuring the print device to a set of device specific system settings tailored for user selected media attributes. In one embodiment, an operator selects media attributes desired for a particular print job on a print device which then automatically queries a database over a network for a set of device specific system settings tailored to the selected media attributes. The database system determines the existence of at least one record stored in the database and provides that matching record data back to the print device. The matching record data is received and displayed on a user interface for review by an operator. The operator accepts/modifies the displayed system settings. The print device then automatically configures the device to the accepted device specific system settings. |
| US08009292B2 |
Single polarizer focused-beam ellipsometer
The present invention relates to a single-polarizer focused-beam ellipsometer. An ellipsometer according to the present invention includes a light source (210); a beam splitting part (220) for splitting a light generated in the light source (210) into a polarized light; an objective lens (230) for concentrately irradiating some of light split by the beam splitting part (220) onto a specimen (240); a photodetector (250) for detecting the light passed through the objective lens 230 and the beam splitting part (220) after reflected from the specimen (240) with unit cells; and a central processing unit (260) for correcting the intensity of the light detected by the photodetector (250) into a value corresponding to the unit cell of the photodetector (250) along multiple incidence plane passage of 360° with respect to respective incidence angles and processing the corrected value. |
| US08009289B2 |
Spectroscopic analysis methods
A spectroscopic analysis method in which spectral data of mixtures obtained from a plurality of points on a sample surface are resolved into component spectra and concentrations. A new alternating least squares multivariate curve resolution technique is presented which iteratively resolves the components. The technique starts from an initial estimate that the spectral values of a first component of the sample are all equal (an ‘empty model’), and resolves that component. Then successive further components are iteratively resolved, from initial ‘empty model’ estimates of those components and from previously resolved spectra. In the common case where the main component is present in nearly pure form in the data set, this empty modelling technique results in more accurate resolution of the components. This is due to the ability of the technique to resolve the pure spectra of minor components without modelling concentrations of the main component into them. |
| US08009286B2 |
Surface inspecting method and device
A light source section outputs optical flux having two types of wavelength, which are a short wavelength and a long wavelength, while the intensity is made variable. The output from the first light intensity detecting section in irradiating the optical flux having a short wavelength is compared with the output from the first light intensity detecting section in irradiating the optical flux having a long wavelength. A disappearance level near a point where the detected signal from the internal subject disappears is calculated. The first intensity of optical flux having a long wavelength is set to level higher than the disappearance level. Based on the output from the first light intensity detecting section obtained by the optical flux having a long wavelength of the first intensity, a subject inside the body to be detected is measured. |
| US08009281B2 |
Lens module distortion measuring system and method
A lens module distortion measuring system configured to measure the distortion of a lens module including: a light source configured to emit light rays; a diffusing panel configured to diffuse the light rays; a substantially opaque shielding plate beneath the diffusing panel, the shielding plate defining a regular matrix of light-passing holes capable of allowing some of the diffused light rays to pass therethrough; an image capturing device configured to capture a image of the shielding plate as viewed through the lens module, the image comprising an array of light spots corresponding to the light-passing holes; and a computing unit electrically connected to the image capturing device and configured to analyze the light spots of the image and thereby determine the distortion of the lens module. |
| US08009280B1 |
Wavefront characterization and correction
A system, for determining characteristics of a beam wavefront and reshaping such wavefront, including: apparatus for sampling the wavefront curvature and generating outputs; apparatus for reshaping the wavefront; and apparatus for receiving the outputs, proportioning the outputs to match the inputs need to drive controls for the reshaping apparatus, and sending the proportioned outputs to the reshaping apparatus. The reshaping apparatus is, preferably, a deformable mirror. The sampling apparatus includes a distorted grating. The method includes: positioning the sampling apparatus in the bean path; positioning a reshaping apparatus in the beam path; sampling the curvature of the wavefront and generating outputs representative of the curvature thereof; sending the generated outputs to the proportioning apparatus; proportioning the outputs to match the inputs needed to drive the controls of the reshaping apparatus; and sending the proportioned outputs to the reshaping apparatus to change the shape thereof. |
| US08009279B2 |
Characterization of non-linear optical materials using bragg coupling
Methods of characterizing non-linear optical materials and fabricating wavelength conversion devices are provided. The method of characterizing non-linear optical materials comprising a periodically poled waveguide layer and at least one waveguide region includes coupling at least one diagnostic laser beam into the waveguide region at one or more input locations positioned on the waveguide layer of the non-linear optical material, and out-coupling the diagnostic laser beam from the waveguide region by applying an electric field to the periodically poled domains at one or more output locations positioned on the waveguide layer. The method also includes measuring an intensity level of the out-coupled beam and determining at least one optical property of the waveguide region based at least in part on the measured intensity level of the out-coupled beam. The characterization method may be implemented into a wavelength conversion fabrication process. |
| US08009275B2 |
Movable stage apparatus
An exposure apparatus that includes a movable stage apparatus. The movable stage apparatus includes a master stage on which a reflecting master is to be mounted, in which, when a space is divided by a plane including a reflection surface of the master, a guide surface to guide movement of the master stage is arranged in a space opposite to a space where an exposure light beam to be reflected by the master passes. |
| US08009274B2 |
In-die focus monitoring with binary mask
Focus monitoring for a photolithographic applications is provided by illuminating a photoresist layer with a light beam transmitted through a first binary mask to define a circuit pattern on an underlying substrate and then illuminating the photoresist layer with an unbalanced off-axis light beam transmitted through a second binary mask. The second mask contains a shifting feature configuration in one portion, while another portion blocks light transmission to the chip design area of the photoresist. After development of the photoresist layer, the pattern formed by illumination of the second mask can be compared with a predefined reference feature on the photoresist layer to determine whether a shift, if any, is within acceptable focus limits. |
| US08009270B2 |
Uniform background radiation in maskless lithography
A device manufacturing method comprising applying patterns to a plurality of arrays of individually controllable elements, such that they modulate a beam of radiation, and projecting the modulated beam of radiation onto a substrate. The patterns applied to the arrays of individually controllable elements are arranged such that pre-determined amounts of background radiation are included in the modulated beam of radiation. The pre-determined amounts of background radiation being different for different locations on the arrays. |
| US08009267B2 |
Method of producing optical laminate and image displaying apparatus
The present invention provides a method of producing an optical laminate that can produce an optical laminate including an applied film containing a lyotropic liquid crystalline compound so that the thickness of the applied film will be approximately uniform. A method of producing an optical laminate having a base material and an applied film, comprising the step of applying a solution containing at least one kind of lyotropic liquid crystalline compound on the base material so as to form the applied film, wherein the concentration of the lyotropic liquid crystalline compound in the solution is lower than the isotropic phase—liquid crystal phase transition concentration. For example, the concentration of the lyotropic liquid crystalline compound in the solution is from (CIN−18)% by mass to (CIN−1)% by mass, where CIN represents the isotropic phase-liquid crystal phase transition concentration. |
| US08009266B2 |
Process for producing liquid crystal display
A process for producing a liquid crystal display having less alignment defects, which seldom causes aligning disorder at the boundary where ferroelectric liquid crystals allowed to flow are brought into contact with each other when the ferroelectric liquid crystals are coated on the substrate flow. The process includes a first alignment layer formation step and a liquid crystal coating step. The liquid crystal coating step is a step of linearly coating the ferroelectric liquid crystals on a first alignment layer of a liquid crystal side substrate in a direction substantially perpendicular or substantially parallel to the alignment treatment direction conducted in the first alignment layer formation step. |
| US08009259B2 |
Liquid crystal display device, method for fabricating the same, and portable telephone using the same
A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a semiconductor integrated circuit for driving and controlling the liquid crystal display panel. The number of input/output wires connected to I/O terminals (bonding pads) of the semiconductor integrated circuit is reduced so as to simplify wiring patterns of the I/O wires, whereby degrees of freedom in arranging the I/O wiring patterns are enhanced. The panel has a pair of insulating substrate, and the semiconductor integrated circuit is mounted on one of the paired substrates. The semiconductor integrated circuit has a mode terminal which is fixed to a power supply potential or to a reference potential during operation of the integrated circuit, and power supply dummy terminals connected to the power supply potential or reference potential inside the semiconductor integrated circuit. The wiring patterns formed on the paired insulating substrates connect the mode terminal to the power supply dummy terminals. |
| US08009256B2 |
Display substrate, method of manufacturing the same and display device having the same
A display substrate includes a base substrate, an organic ridge pattern, a pixel electrode and a shielding electrode. A plurality of pixel regions arranged in a matrix shape are formed on the base substrate. The organic ridge pattern is protruded between adjacent pixel regions. The pixel electrode is in each of the pixel regions. The shielding electrode is disposed on the organic ridge pattern, and is electrically connected to the pixel electrode. |
| US08009255B2 |
Display panel comprising a mark located outside of a sealant and a flattening film including a sealing exposing portion
A liquid crystal display panel includes an active matrix substrate, a counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a sealant. The counter electrode is opposed to the active matrix substrate. The liquid crystal layer is provided between the active matrix substrate and the counter substrate. The sealant, which surrounds the liquid crystal layer between the active matrix substrate and the counter substrate, joins the active matrix substrate and the counter substrate and seals the liquid crystal layer. A portion of the surface on the liquid crystal layer side of the active matrix substrate which is located at the periphery of the liquid crystal display panel is flat. |
| US08009246B2 |
Liquid crystal display device comprising reflecting portions for reflecting light beams and focusing them on circumferences of electrode portions of linear light sources
A direct type backlight unit used in a liquid crystal display device is provided which can suppress lowering of luminance at an electrode portion of a linear light source. A reflecting plate is formed on a side wall of a box-shaped reflector close to an end of a linear light source. The reflector reflects light beams from the linear light source to be guided toward a liquid crystal panel. The reflecting plate on the side wall has at least two inclined surfaces. The inclined surfaces may have a stepped shape or a convex ridge shape. According to this arrangement, it is possible to reduce or eliminate decrease of the luminance level at ends of an effective display area of a liquid crystal panel. |
| US08009245B2 |
Backlight, backlight assembly, liquid crystal display having the same and method thereof
A backlight, a backlight assembly and a liquid crystal display having the same, the backlight including a substrate with a plurality of wiring provided thereon, a plurality of LED modules disposed on the substrate and at least one color sensor disposed on the substrate. The color sensor includes a color sensor chip mounted on the substrate and a molding portion enclosing the color sensor chip on the substrate. |
| US08009244B2 |
Liquid crystal display device having spacers disposed between an edge lit optical guide and light-emitting elements
Plural light-emitting diodes are disposed in an on-line arrangement on a surface a circuit board facing an optical guide and spacers having a projecting dimension larger than the projecting dimension of this light-emitting diode from the surface are disposed adjacent to the light-emitting diode on the surface of the circuit board. |
| US08009241B2 |
LCD driving device having plural TFT channels connected in parallel with either increasing channel widths or decreasing channel distances from central part to edges of the device
There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device that is adaptive for preventing the driving device defect of a driving circuit part and a method of fabricating the same. A liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a driving device of a structure that a plurality of thin film transistor having a channel of poly silicon are connected in parallel, in a driving circuit, and wherein at least one of widths of the channels and distances between the adjacent channels is different in accordance with their location. |
| US08009240B2 |
Liquid crystal display devices
Fringe field switching mode liquid crystal display (FFS LCD) devices are disclosed. A first substrate is disposed opposing a second substrate with a gap therebetween. A liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first and the second substrate. A gate line and data lines are formed on the first substrate in a matrix configuration and defining pixel areas. A counter electrode is disposed on each pixel area of the first substrate. A pixel electrode is disposed above the counter electrode with an insulating layer therebetween. The pixel electrode includes a plurality of parallel electrodes. Each electrode includes a first segment, a second segment, and a third segment, wherein the first segment has an included angle θ from the horizontal direction, the second segment has an included angle φ from the horizontal direction, and the first segment has an included angle θ from the horizontal direction. |
| US08009234B2 |
Audio/video devices for visualizing operational states therein or thereamong into content flow and method of controlling operations thereof
An audio/video (A/V) device and a method of controlling the operation thereof, which visualize operation states in or among A/V devices into a flow of content. The A/V device includes an on screen display (OSD) processing unit to OSD process information, and a control unit to control the OSD processing unit so that the OSD processing unit OSD processes a plurality of modules constituting the A/V device and functions thereof. Accordingly, it is possible for a user to easily recognize operations in and among the A/V devices, which provides convenient operation to the user. |
| US08009230B2 |
Camera with an interrupting unit, and camera with an inhibiting unit
When at least a portion of an aperture of a lens part is covered with some object, both adjusting of the sensitivity of an image pickup part and display of “though image” are inhibited. Also, it is able to shorten a length of time for which the camera enters into a power saving mode, and to prevent capture of improper images. Provided herein is a determining unit for determining whether at least a portion of the aperture of the lens part is covered. When the determining unit determines that it is covered, the camera inhibits the sensitivity adjustment of the image pickup part and the display of “though image”, shortens the length of time after which the camera enters into the power saving mode, interrupts shooting or continuous shooting, or a movie imaging, and inhibits a flash emission. |
| US08009224B2 |
Image signal processing method and image signal processing device
It is possible to improve a response of a dynamic range expansion processing. The present image signal processing method includes a first step (ST2) of extracting distribution parameters from a distribution of pixel signal levels composing an image signal of one picture, a second step (ST4, ST5) of determining a target value (BP1, BP2, etc.) of a break point based on extracted distribution parameters for a break point at which an inclination of an image signal level changes with respect to a cumulative change of amount of incident light upon pixels of the imaging portion changes, and a third step (ST6, ST7) of controlling the imaging portion so as to obtain a target value and change an output saturation characteristic of the image signal. |
| US08009221B2 |
Multi-magnification color image sensor
A color image sensor has imaging elements each structured to form, at an image plane, an image of a subject having a respective magnification. Ones of the imaging elements forming respective ones of the images with the same magnification in light of mutually different colors constitute a set characterized by the magnification of the images. The sets having mutually-different magnifications. The color image sensor additionally has a light sensor located in the image plane and comprising a region of sensor elements disposed opposite each of the imaging elements. The regions of sensor elements opposite each of the sets of imaging elements are operable to generate, in response to light incident thereon, a respective color image signal representing the image of the subject at the respective magnification. |
| US08009219B2 |
Image display system, display apparatus, and display method
Disclosed herein is an image display system including a display apparatus, an imaging apparatus placed on a movable body; and a server apparatus. The display apparatus and the imaging apparatus are capable of communicating with the server apparatus. The imaging apparatus includes: an imaging section; a speed detection section; and a control section that controls transmission of image data and speed information to the server apparatus. The server apparatus includes: a movable body speed management section that manages the moving speed of the movable body using the speed information; and a control section that identifies an imaging apparatus that matches speed specification information, and causes image data to be transferred from the identified imaging apparatus to the display apparatus. The display apparatus includes: a display section; and a control section that performs a speed specification process, an image request transmission process, and a display process. |
| US08009213B2 |
Image sensing apparatus and image capturing system
An image sensing apparatus comprises a pixel and a driving unit, wherein the driving unit includes a buffer circuit including a first PMOS transistor and a first NMOS transistor, and letting V3 be a voltage supplied to a gate of the first NMOS transistor to supply a transfer signal for turning off the transfer MOS transistor to the transfer control line, V4 be a voltage supplied to a gate of the first PMOS transistor to supply a transfer signal for turning on the transfer MOS transistor to the transfer control line, Vthp1 be a threshold voltage of the first PMOS transistor, and Vthn1 be a threshold voltage of the first NMOS transistor, (V2+Vthn1) |
| US08009210B2 |
Image processing circuit, imaging apparatus, method and program
An image processing circuit includes a plurality of memories for storing line pixels of a frame constituting an image, a specific pixel detecting unit for obtaining a luminance difference value, detecting a first minimum pixel (1), detecting a second minimum pixel (1), and detecting a second minimum pixel (2) and a pixel interpolating unit for applying filter coefficients to the observation pixel and specific pixels, obtaining a total sum of results of applying each filter coefficient to each pixel, and dividing the total sum by a total sum of filter coefficients of N×N pixels to obtain an interpolated value for the observation pixel. |
| US08009206B2 |
Adaptive sensitivity control, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, for a digital imager
A system and method adaptively control sensitivity, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, of a digital imager. An illumination intensity level mapping controller determines a number of pixels of image data having illumination intensity levels within a first defined range of illumination intensity levels and determines an illumination intensity level mapping function based upon the determined number of pixels within the first defined range of illumination intensity levels. An exposure controller determines a number of pixels having illumination intensity levels within a second defined range of illumination intensity levels and determines an integration time based upon the determined number of pixels having illumination intensity levels within the second defined range of illumination intensity levels. A transfer control function generation circuit determines a composite transfer control function based on the determined integration time and determined illumination intensity level mapping function; determines each transition point between a plurality of discrete transfer control functions from the determined integration time and the determined illumination intensity level mapping function; and imposes the determined transfer control function upon a pixel of the digital imager. |
| US08009194B2 |
Automatically configuring a web-enabled digital camera to access the internet
A method and system for automatically configuring a hand-held electronic device for accessing a site on a public network is disclosed. The method and system include establishing a connection to a website server, which is responsible for establishing and maintaining website accounts, and sending information uniquely identifying the electronic device to the website server. The server then sends user account information to the device, including an account ID and password, created based on the electronic device information. The user account information is then stored on electronic device for use the next time the electronic device accesses the website, whereby the user does not have to enter account information in order to establish the ISP connection or the website account before accessing the public network. |
| US08009192B2 |
System and method for sensing geometric and photometric attributes of a scene with multiplexed illumination and solid states optical devices
An optical receiver is arranged at a location in a scene. The optical receiver includes a photo sensor configured to detect spatio-temporal modulated optical signals directed at the scene from a set of spatially dispersed optical transmitters, and to convert the optical signals from each of the optical transmitters to a corresponding electronic signal. The electronic signals can be analyzed to determine geometric properties of the location in the scene. |
| US08009190B2 |
Optical scatter correction for film scanners
A film scanner of the type which uses diffuse illumination and an array sensor such as a line array or area array CCD includes an integrating optical element in the form of an integrating sphere to provide diffuse illumination to film. The diffuse illumination ensures that light is provided to film at a range of angles thereby improving the light level reaching the array sensor from film that has been scattered by defects such as scratches thereby reducing the visibility of such defects. A lens is provided at the exit aperture of the integrating sphere so as to define a particular area of the surface within the integrating sphere from which light that is not scattered by film is derived. The area has a lower reflectivity than the remainder of the integrating sphere thereby increasing the amount of light derived from scratches that reaches the sensor to further reduce the visibility of scratches. An additional light source can also be provided at the area of the integrating sphere so as to increase the visibility of scratches to produce a separate signal by which a main image signal may be corrected. |
| US08009189B2 |
Extended depth of field imaging for high speed object analysis
A high speed, high-resolution flow imaging system is modified to achieve extended depth of field imaging. An optical distortion element is introduced into the flow imaging system. Light from an object, such as a cell, is distorted by the distortion element, such that a point spread function (PSF) of the imaging system is invariant across an extended depth of field. The distorted light is spectrally dispersed, and the dispersed light is used to simultaneously generate a plurality of images. The images are detected, and image processing is used to enhance the detected images by compensating for the distortion, to achieve extended depth of field images of the object. The post image processing preferably involves de-convolution, and requires knowledge of the PSF of the imaging system, as modified by the optical distortion element. |
| US08009188B2 |
Video data processing apparatus utilizing viewer influence, picture reproducing apparatus, and computer programs related thereto
Every prescribed unit of video data is analyzed to estimate a degree of influence of pictures represented by every prescribed unit of video data on a viewer. For example, every prescribed unit of three-dimensional video data is analyzed to estimate a degree of influence of a depth in three-dimensional pictures represented by every prescribed unit of three-dimensional video data on a viewer. Information is generated which represents the estimated influence degree. Every prescribed unit of video data and the generated information are outputted while they are related to each other. |
| US08009187B2 |
Lens sheet and printer
A lens sheet has an external shape of a rectangle or a square defined by four sheet ends in a vertical direction thereto. The lens sheet includes: a first surface, on which a plurality of lenses extending in a direction inclined to one of the sheet ends are arranged in parallel with each other; and a second surface opposite to the first surface, on which a printing is to be performed or to which a printed medium is to be stuck. |
| US08009182B2 |
Display device with function of converting resolution
There is provided a display device that enables to present an image on its screen at a desired resolution, in response to an operation by a user and on the basis of an image signal, even when the image signal is obtained from image data from which a resolution is not directly determinable. When image data from which the resolution is undeterminable is inputted, the display device presents thereon data input window that prompts the user to input desired values of the resolution and pixel clock at which the image is to be presented. The user then inputs his/her desired values of the resolution and pixel clock through the image-data input screen. Using the inputted values of the resolution and pixel clock, the display device presents the image on its screen based on the image data that is not normally supported by the display device. |
| US08009179B2 |
Content browsing system, content browsing method, and computer program product
A content browsing system changes a display state of a content that includes an object or the object according to zoom operation of a user, and includes an evaluation information storage unit and a display controlling unit. The evaluation information storage unit stores therein evaluation information related to the content or the object. The display controlling unit controls the display state of the content or the object selected as a zoom target based on the evaluation information. |
| US08009178B2 |
Augmenting images for panoramic display
Methods and systems are provided methods and systems for augmenting image data (e.g., still image data or video image data) utilizing image context data to generate panoramic images. In accordance with embodiments hereof, a position and orientation of received image data is utilized to identify image context data (e.g., three-dimensional model data, two-dimensional image data, and/or 360° image data from another source) rendered based upon the same position or a nearby position relative to the image data and the image data is augmented utilizing the identified context data to create a panoramic image. The panoramic image may then be displayed (e.g., shown on a LCD/CRT screen or projected) to create a user experience that is more immersive than the original image data could create. |
| US08009175B2 |
Methods and apparatus for calibrating a color display
Improved methods are provided for calibrating color on a color display coupled to a computer, which are useful for obtaining calibrated data in a virtual proof network for enabling different color devices to render consistent color. Methods involve user interactions with screens on the display to set color display parameters. An apparatus is also provided for calibrating a sensor which may be used for measuring color of a display in one or more of these methods. |
| US08009173B2 |
Rack interface pod with intelligent platform control
Rack Interface Pods can be augmented with non-KVM (keyboard, video and mouse) functionality that can enable greater analysis of the state of the computer to which the RIP is attached. A RIP can be augmented to include a non-KVM input connection (e.g., an Intelligent Platform/Chassis control protocol input) that is used to communicate between the server and the RIP. The RIP can then multiplex the received information with the KVM signals for transmission to a PEM or to an ARI port. Video and computer environment-style data can be multiplexed across a communications medium exiting the RIP such that they can be received by a remote computer. |
| US08009171B2 |
Image processing apparatus and method, and program
An image processing apparatus includes the following elements. An area designating unit designates an area to be processed from an input image. A delay amount setting unit sets an amount of delay in the area to be processed according to a distance from a reference position in the image. An angular velocity calculating unit calculates angular velocities at a predetermined position in images. An angular velocity storage unit stores records of the angular velocities calculated by the angular velocity calculating unit. A reading unit reads an angular velocity calculated at a time that is prior to a current time by the amount of delay set by the delay amount setting unit from the angular velocity storage unit when the image is changed within the area to be processed. A changing unit changes the image within the area to be processed using the angular velocity read by the reading unit. |
| US08009170B2 |
Systems and methods for computing a variogram model
Systems and methods for computing a variogram model, which utilize a variogram map and a rose diagram to compute the model. |
| US08009169B2 |
Efficient tile-based rasterization
An apparatus and method for rasterizing a primitive in a graphics system is disclosed in one example of the invention as including scanning a first row of tiles, one tile at a time, starting from a first point and scanning in a first direction. Immediately after scanning the first row of tiles, the method includes moving from the first point to a second point in an orthogonal direction relative to the first row. Immediately after moving from the first point to the second point, the method includes scanning a second row of tiles, one tile at a time, starting from the second point and scanning in the first direction. By scanning rows in the same direction immediately prior to and after moving from one row to another, cache utilization is improved. |
| US08009168B2 |
Real-time rendering of light-scattering media
A real-time algorithm for rendering of an inhomogeneous scattering media such as smoke under dynamic low-frequency environment lighting is described. An input media animation is represented as a sequence of density fields, each of which is decompressed into a weighted sum of a set of radial basis functions (RBFs) and an optional residual field. Source radiances from single and optionally multiple scattering are directly computed at only the RBF centers and then approximated at other points in the volume using an RBF-based interpolation. Using the computed source radiances, a ray marching technique using slice-based integration of radiance along each viewing ray is performed to render the final image. During the ray marching process, the residual field may be compensated back into the radiance integral to generate images of higher detail. |
| US08009165B2 |
Three-dimensional immersive system for representing an automation control environment
A computer-implemented system for representing a production environment comprises a modeling module that creates a three-dimensional model of at least a portion of a production environment. The system also includes a view module that renders a graphical depiction of at least a portion of the three-dimensional model from a reference point that is based at least in part upon a location. Methods of using the system are also provided. |
| US08009164B2 |
Free style deformation
A method for modifying an object design using a computer comprises the steps of: selecting a first sub-design of the object design comprising a first free form deformation geometry and a first free deformation control volume that is variable and adaptive; choosing a second sub-design comprising a second free form deformation geometry; and replacing the first geometry with the second geometry. |
| US08009159B2 |
Semiconductor display device and method of driving a semiconductor display device
A semiconductor display device capable of performing clear display of a high definition image, in which flicker, vertical stripes, horizontal stripes, and diagonal stripes are unlikely to be seen by an observer, is provided. An image signal input from the outside to a RAM of a frame conversion portion in a semiconductor display device is written in, and the written in image signal is read out two times, in order. A period for reading out the image signal input to the RAM one time is shorter than a period for writing in the image signal to the RAM. The electric potentials of display signals input to each pixel in two consecutive frame periods are inverted, with the electric potential of opposing electrodes (opposing electric potential) as a reference, whereby the same image is displayed in a pixel portion in the two consecutive frame periods. |
| US08009155B2 |
Output buffer of a source driver applied in a display
An output buffer and a controlling method are disclosed. The output buffer comprises an upper buffer and a lower buffer. In the controlling method, at first, a first voltage (V1) and a second voltage (V2) are applied on the upper buffer, and a third voltage (V3) and a fourth voltage (V4) are applied on the lower buffer, wherein V1>V2, V1>V4, V3>V2, and V3>V4. Then, the upper buffer is operated to output data to a plurality of pixels thereby operating the liquid crystals of the pixels over an upper supply range, wherein the upper supply range is from V1 to V2. Thereafter, the lower buffer is operated to output data to the pixels thereby operating the liquid crystals of the pixels over a lower supply range, wherein the lower supply range is from V3 to V4. |
| US08009153B2 |
System for generating print data providing interaction with computer software
A system for enabling user interaction with computer software. The includes a computer system for determining information related to an interactive element, determining an identity indicative of the interactive element, determining a layout defining an arrangement for at least one of coded data indicative of the identity and the information, generating print data indicative of the identity, layout and information, transferring the print data to a printer which prints a form in response thereto by printing the information coincident with the coded data, receiving indicating data indicative of the interactive element from a sensing device which senses the coincident coded data to generate the indicating data, identifying, using the indicating data, the interactive element, and performing an action associated with the interactive element. |
| US08009151B2 |
System for software interaction using printed forms and sensing device
A system for enabling user interaction with computer software which includes a printer and sensing device. The printer receives print data and prints a form by printing information related to at least one text field coincident with coded data indicative of the text field, receiving indicating data from the sensing device and transferring the indicating data to a computer system to allow the interaction to be interpreted. The sensing device has an image sensor for capturing images of the coded data when moved relative to the text field, and a processor which identifies the coded data from the captured images, determines an orientation and position, within the captured images, of the coded data, decodes the coded data, and generates the indicating data using the decoded coded data and the determined orientation and position. |
| US08009150B2 |
Method of interacting with software using printed form identity
A method of enabling user interaction with computer software including, in a computer system transferring print data to a printer, printing a form responsive to the print data by printing information indicative of a text field coincident with coded data indicative of the text field, so that when a sensing device is moved relative to the text field the sensing device can sense the coded data and generate the indicating data indicative of its relative movement, using the indicating data to determine the movement and then perform an action associated with the text field based on the movement. Further in the computer system, the information, an identity indicative of the text field, and a layout defining an arrangement for coded data indicative of the identity and information are determined, and the print data is generated to be indicative of the identity, layout and information. |
| US08009149B2 |
Method of interacting with software using form identity
A method of enabling user interaction with computer software including, in a computer system, transferring print data to a printer, printing a form responsive to the print data by printing information indicative of a text field coincident with coded data indicative of the text field, so that when a sensing device is moved relative to the text field the sensing device can sense the coded data and generate the indicating data indicative of its movement relative to the text field, using the indicating data to determine the movement and then perform an action associated with the text field based on the movement. The coded data is indicative of an identity and, in the computer system, the identity is determined using the indicating data, a page description is determined using the identity, and the text field is identified using the page description. |
| US08009148B2 |
Adaptive non-contact testing method for touch panel
An adaptive non-contact testing method is provided for testing a touch panel, wherein an air nozzle generates an air jet toward a selected position on a touch panel under testing to cause the touch panel to generate a touch signal. A testing system receives the touch signal generated by the touch panel and compares the received touch signal with a preset touch-signal reference level. When the received touch signal is smaller than the preset touch-signal reference level, the height distance between the air nozzle and the touch panel is reduced or the pressure of the air jet from the air nozzle is varied to realize adaptive testing of the touch panel. |
| US08009147B2 |
Multi-touch interfaces for user authentication, partitioning, and external device control
Multi-touch interfaces allow user interaction with multiple points of contact to control external devices such as game consoles, authenticate users, partition the interface for multiple users, and so forth. The multi-touch interface may provide graphical representations that are manipulated by users through multiple points of contact to participate in games running on an external game console. Additionally, user authentication may occur through multiple points of contact with the multi-touch interface where each user has a unique contact pattern that includes points of contact, location of points of contact, rhythm of points of contact, and so forth. The graphical representations may be customized based on the authentication of a user, and the multi-touch surface may be partitioned based on the number of users present. |
| US08009146B2 |
Method, apparatus and computer program product for facilitating data entry via a touchscreen
A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided for facilitating data entry into an electronic device via a touchscreen. As a user places his or her finger on the touchscreen, a cursor may be displayed at a location relative to other items displayed on the touchscreen that is proximate the physical location where the user touched the touchscreen. Because the cursor is likely now obscured by the user's finger, the items displayed on the touchscreen, including the cursor, may then be shifted or scrolled so that the cursor is offset from the physical location where the user touched the touchscreen. At the same time, the items displayed on the touchscreen may be magnified in order to further facilitate data entry. At this point, the user may shift or tilt his or her finger in order to achieve the desired cursor placement. |
| US08009145B2 |
Display device and an electronic apparatus using the same
In a conventional display device comprising a sub-display, the display device is increased in thickness and in the number of components as the number of displays is increased. In the present invention, a dual emission display device is used so that either surface of a display is used as a main display or a sub-display. Accordingly, the display device can be reduced in thickness and in the number of components. Further, mechanical reliability can be enhanced when the invention is applied to a tablet PC, a video camera and the like. |
| US08009144B2 |
Portable terminal unit
The opening and closing state detecting section to detect an opening and closing state of the first and the second housing is provided. In the case where an opening motion is conducted after a specific item is selected from the selecting screen, which is displayed on the display section, by the operation of the auxiliary operation section in the closed state of the first and the second housing, the control section controls so that a display screen image corresponding to the specific item can be displayed on the display section. |
| US08009139B2 |
Laboratory apparatus with a control device
A laboratory apparatus having at least one control device (4) comprising an electric printed-circuit board (15) of the control device (4) that is disposed on an instrument body (2) of the laboratory apparatus (1) and has at least one electric control element (16, 18), at least one operator interface (6) of the control device (4) including at least one operator control (11, 33); a retaining device (29, 30) for detachably holding the operator interface (6) on the instrument body (2) with the operator control (11, 33) oriented to the control element (16, 18), and a mechanical and/or magnetic connection for detachably joining the control element (16, 18) mechanically and/or magnetically to the operator control (11, 33). |
| US08009134B2 |
Display device
A data driver circuit is divided into a low potential region, an intermediate potential region, and a high potential region, and relative withstand voltages in the respective regions are set equal to each other. Both of the transmission of a power source voltage to the high potential region from the low potential region and the transmission of video signals are performed via the intermediate potential region. Due to such a constitution, the withstand voltages in the respective regions can be suppressed to low values. |
| US08009132B2 |
Display device and driving method thereof
A display device and a driving method thereof are disclosed. The display device includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix with each pixel including first and second subpixels. First gate lines are connected to the first subpixel and transmit a first gate-on voltage, second gate lines are connected to the second subpixel and transmit a second gate-on voltage, and data lines are connected to the first and second subpixels and transmit first and second data voltages. The respective first and second data voltages that are applied to the first and second subpixels are obtained from the same image information, the first data voltage is not higher than the second data voltage, and the second data voltage is precharged in the data lines before applying the first data voltage to the first subpixel. |
| US08009129B2 |
Electroluminescence display apparatus
During a blanking period of a video signal, an element driving transistor for controlling a drive current supplied to an EL element is operated in its saturation region to thereby set the EL element to an emission level, and a current flowing through the EL element at that time is detected. Each current detector includes a current detection amplifier and a successive approximation type AD converter, and a DA converter of the successive approximation type AD converter is commonly shared among a plurality of the AD converters. With this arrangement, sufficient AD converting speed can be attained while using a simple structure to execute current detection for correcting display variations. |
| US08009128B2 |
Passive matrix type display device
A passive matrix type display device includes: a display unit having a display area; first electrodes on the area for switching between a conductive state and a non-conductive state; second electrodes on the area; a driving current source for supplying a driving current to the second electrodes; light-emitting elements at an intersection between the first and second electrodes; a first circuit for controlling a part of first electrodes to the conductive state and for scanning the first electrodes; a second circuit for deciding a part of second electrodes corresponding to a part of light-emitting elements emitting a light; light-emission adjustment elements coupled with the second electrodes for branching an adjustment current from the driving current; and a light-emission adjustment controller for controlling the light from each light-emitting element by controlling the adjustment current. |
| US08009127B2 |
Organic light emitting display device and driving method for the same
An organic light emitting display device and a driving method for the same is provided. The device includes a pixel portion adapted to receive a scan signal and a data signal and display an image. A scan driver generates and applies the scan signal to the pixel portion. A data driver generates and applies the data signal and a pixel voltage to the pixel portion. When the device is operating in the normal mode, the data driver also applies a drive voltage to a photo sensor also included in the display device. The photo sensor adjusts a luminance of the pixel portion according to a sensed brightness of ambient light. When the device is operating in the power saving or stand-by mode, the data driver controls the drive voltage off and thereby prevents power consumption by the photo sensor. |
| US08009126B2 |
Current drive circuit and display device
In a current drive circuit, variation in output current is reduced. A current adjustment section and a current output section generate a grayscale according to a target grayscale. The current adjustment section generates an intermediate current lint, which is a reference current Iref multiplied by a first coefficient, and the current output section generates an output current Iout, which is the intermediate current Iint multiplied by a second coefficient. The minimum value of the first coefficient is set in advance such that when the first coefficient is at a minimum value the voltage at a node (for the minimum grayscale) is greater than or equal to a predetermined first value which is larger than the operation threshold voltage of PMOS transistors in the current output section. |
| US08009121B1 |
Narrowcast media content distribution and display system with content biasing engine
A media content distribution and display system and method that includes a central server, a number of remote display devices, and an electronic network for communicating therebetween. The central server receives and stores a plurality of media content, where each of the media content has one or more attributes associated therewith that relate to characteristics of the media content. The remote display devices receive via the electronic network the media content from the central server. Each remote display device includes at least one electronic display, one or more target attributes associated with the remote display device that relate to environmental variables of the remote display device, and a biasing engine for comparing the media content attributes with the target attributes, and for causing the electronic display to display only those of the media content having one or more of the attributes associated therewith that satisfy a predetermined matching criteria. |
| US08009117B2 |
Dual reflector mechanical pointing low profile antenna
Dual reflector offset mechanical pointing low profile telecommunication antenna, to be used above all on vehicles, even high-speed ones. Its reduced physical dimensions facilitate its use, with respect to the known solutions, as it allows its connecting to the receiving system, such as a satellite, though installed on a train or on an aircraft. The invention lies within the technical field of telecommunications and the applicative field of stationary, movable antennas of reduced dimensions, and accordingly within that of telecommunications in general. The original dual reflector antenna is obtained from a second-order polynomial that configurates it in the Cartesian space XYZ. |
| US08009115B2 |
Reconfigurable antenna using addressable conductive particles
An antenna made up of small addressable conductive segments, or pixel elements, located in a dielectric space positioned over a two-dimensional pixel element actuator is presented. The small pixel elements can be actuated in less than a millisecond by the actuator to form patterns that create an array of patch antennas and associated transmission lines on the upper surface of the dielectric space. The pixel elements can be formed using small movable conductive particles such as metal flakes or metal chips. |
| US08009114B2 |
Flexible transmit/receive antenna pair using a switchable 0°/180° phase shifter
A switchable 0°/180° phase shifter on a balanced transmission line is provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to an apparatus for providing 0°/180° phase shifting for a transmit/receive antenna pair including a transmit element and a receive element coupled by a balanced transmission line having two sections, the apparatus including a first section of the balanced transmission line, the first section including a first conductor and a second conductor, a second section of the balanced transmission line, the second section including a third conductor and a fourth conductor, and a switch disposed between the first section and the second section, wherein in a first configuration, the switch couples the first conductor to the third conductor and the second conductor to the fourth conductor, and in a second configuration, the switch couples the first conductor to the fourth conductor and the second conductor to the third conductor. |
| US08009113B2 |
System and method for focusing antenna signal transmission
The system contains an antenna feed. A signal is in communication with the antenna feed. The signal has a wavelength and a period. A signal lens has a periphery portion that is thicker than an interior portion, wherein the signal propagates through the signal lens. The signal lens is designed such that the signal propagates through the periphery portion of the signal lens approximately one wavelength slower than through the interior portion of the signal lens. |
| US08009111B2 |
Multilevel antennae
An apparatus including a wireless communications device has an internal antenna system located within the wireless communications device. The internal antenna system includes a passive antenna set comprising at least one antenna element having at least one multilevel structure, a feeding point to the at least one antenna element and a ground plane. The feeding point and a point on the ground plane define an input/output port for said passive antenna set. The passive antenna set provides a similar impedance level and radiation pattern at two or more frequency bands such that the passive antenna set is capable of both transmitting and receiving wireless signals on selected channels. The selected channels are selectable from a plurality of channels throughout an entire frequency range within each of said two or more frequency bands. |
| US08009108B2 |
Antenna apparatus for explosive environments
Antenna assemblies for wireless communications in explosive environments are described. An example antenna assembly has a housing, a base member at one end of the housing, and an antenna extending through the base member and into the housing. A sealing compound within the base member encapsulates the antenna to seal the antenna at the base member. |
| US08009103B2 |
Triple-band antenna
The disclosure discloses a triple-band antenna including a feed line, a first radiating body, a second radiating body and a grounding sheet. The first radiating body is a rectangular sheet. One end of the first radiating body is electrically connected with the end of the feed line. The second radiating body includes three parallel bar shape sheets extending from the first radiating body and surrounded by the first radiating body, and both share the feed line. The grounding sheet is disposed beside the feed line. The first radiating body and the second radiating body of the triple-band antenna generate three resonance frequencies according to the radio frequency received by the feed line to allow the triple-band antenna work under three different operating frequencies. |
| US08009102B2 |
Multi-band antenna and multi-band antenna system with enhanced isolation characteristic
A Multi-Band antenna system includes an antenna which resonates in a plurality of frequency bands and a controller which drives the antenna. The antenna includes a ground plate and a plurality of radiators which are formed on both sides of the ground plate in directions perpendicular to a surface of the ground plate in a space at an edge of the ground plate, wherein each radiator is connected to the edge of the ground plate. |
| US08009094B2 |
Method for producing wavefronts at a desired angle
An apparatus and method is described for generating an electromagnetic, or acoustic field by use of a number of field sources in order to produce a field anomaly at a known target location. The field anomaly is characterized by having a wavefront at the target location that has a predetermined desired orientation so that at the target location the field appears to emanate from a different direction to that perceived at field locations away from the target. |
| US08009092B2 |
Method and apparatus for processing satellite signals at a satellite positioning system receiver
Method and apparatus for processing satellite signals in an SPS receiver is described. In one example, the satellite signals are correlated against pseudorandom reference codes to produce correlation results. A determination is made whether the SPS receiver is in a motion condition or a stationary condition. The correlation results are coherently integrated in accordance with a coherent integration period. The coherent integration period is a value that depends upon the motion condition of the SPS receiver. |
| US08009087B2 |
Positioning system and method thereof
The invention provides a positioning system. In one embodiment, the positioning system comprises a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) module, a dead reckoning module, a Geographic Information System (GIS) module, and an calculating module. The GNSS module generates a first positioning data according to satellite communication. The dead reckoning module estimates a second positioning data according to a sensor's measurement data, the first positioning data, and a feedback positioning data of a previous epoch. The GIS module fits the first positioning data to a map to generate a third positioning data taken as a final output of the positioning system. The calculating module integrates the third positioning data and the second positioning data according to predetermined weights to obtain the feedback positioning data of a current epoch, which is recursively fed back to the dead reckoning module for a next estimation. |
| US08009085B2 |
Level gauge with positive level verifier
A level verification system for a radar level gauge utilizes a remotely positionable target. The target is positioned inside of a tank that is subject to level measurement, and stowed at a first position and selectively positionable to a second position to reflect emitted electromagnetic radiation in an amount indicative of a predetermined material level. The verification system can verify a high level alarm will be triggered when the material reaches a high level corresponding to the level of the target, by remotely positioning the target in front of the emitter of the radar gauge. The target reflects electromagnetic energy to the detector at approximately the same intensity that the material reaching the high level would reflect so as to provide an accurate verification. |
| US08009082B2 |
Mobile radar and planar antenna
In a conventional automotive radar, a return occurs in a phase difference characteristic necessary for a super-resolution method, resulting in an increase of a detection error, or an extremely narrowed azimuth detection range. A transmitting array antenna, and receiving array antennas are composed of antenna elements respectively, and aligned in a horizontal direction. The weighting of receiving sensitivities of the antenna elements of the receiving array antenna 1 is A1, A2, A3, and A4, which are monotonically decreased from an inner side toward an outer side as represented by A1≧A2≧A3≧A4. On the other hand, the receiving array antenna 3 is symmetrical with the receiving array antenna with respect to the receiving array antenna 1. |
| US08009081B2 |
3D video-Doppler-radar (VIDAR) imaging system
A moving sensor suite for imaging a scene has three Doppler radars, two moving and one fixed, a fixed video camera and a fixed GPS receiver. The Doppler radars measure the relative velocities between the radars and the scene, as well as the scene's electromagnetic reflectivity, while the video camera records the motion of the camera and the optical property of the scene. The correct registration of the Doppler radars and the camera is established by finding the intersections of the moving Doppler radar motion vectors with the image plane of the video camera. The scene features in the first frame are determined by Doppler circle intersections. The correspondences of the features in the next two frames are established by a feature matching operation. |
| US08009076B2 |
Intermediate frequency receiving circuit and intermediate frequency receiving method
An intermediate frequency receiving circuit and an intermediate frequency receiving method are provided. The intermediate frequency receiving circuit includes an inductor-capacitor (LC) resonance circuit whose primary resonance frequency is a central frequency of received signals. The LC resonance circuit receives intermediate frequency signals and suppresses transmitted signals and control signals. A band-pass filter connected to the LC resonance circuit filters the transmitted signals and control signals. An automatic gain control circuit connected to the band-pass filter compensates the attenuation of an intermediate frequency cable. A low-pass filter connected to the automatic gain control circuit compensates an in-band flatness. An analog-to-digital converter connected to the low-pass filter performs a sampling and digital demodulation on the received signals. |
| US08009073B2 |
Method and apparatus for generating an analog signal having a pre-determined pattern
A circuit configured to generate an analog signal having a pre-determined pattern. The circuit includes a plurality of digital-to-analog converters. Each of the plurality of digital-to-analog converters includes a plurality of current sources configured to generate a plurality of square waveforms and a summer configured to sum the plurality of square waveforms to generate the analog signal having the pre-determined pattern. Each square waveform is delayed by a pre-determined amount delay relative to another square waveform of the plurality of square waveforms. The pre-determined amount of delay between each square waveform of the plurality of waveforms is adjustable to adjust the pre-determined pattern of the analog signal. The pre-determined amount of delay is non-uniform throughout the circuit. |
| US08009071B2 |
Gain circuit
A gain circuit comprises a main amplification unit and a first refresh unit. The main amplification unit comprises an amplifier, a first capacitor connected between a first input terminal of the gain circuit and a first input terminal of the amplifier, and a second capacitor connected between the first input terminal of the amplifier and a first output terminal of the amplifier. The first refresh unit comprises a first capacitor connected with a first terminal of the first capacitor to a common node of the first refresh unit, and a second capacitor connected with a first terminal of the second capacitor to the common node of the first refresh unit. The common node of the first refresh circuit is arranged to be supplied with a reference voltage (Vref, Vcm,ref) during a first phase of a refresh interval and connected to the first input terminal of the amplifier during a second phase of the refresh interval. |
| US08009070B2 |
Compensation of mismatch errors in a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter
A method for the compensation of frequency-response mismatch errors in M-channel time-interleaved ADCs. The compensation is done through an M-periodic time-varying filter hn(k)=hn mod M(k) (2), or, equivalently, a set of M time-invariant filters hn(k), n=0, 1, . . . , M−1. The overall compensation system is constructed by determining the M filter impulse responses hn(k) through M separate matrix inversions, where the size of the matrices equals the filter impulse response length. Also, a compensated M-channel time-interleaved ADC based on and performing the method. |
| US08009057B2 |
Self-powered wireless sensor system including a power generating subsystem
A wireless sensor system for sensing a characteristic associated with a conveying system from which the sensor system generates operating power. The sensor system includes a transducer including an axle, a roller connected to the axle, and a link connected to the roller. The transducer may be configured to permit the roller to be positioned in contact with a conveyor belt of the conveying system so that the roller rotates about the axle or with the axle in response to translation of the conveyor belt. The sensor system also includes a power generator connected to the link, wherein the link transfers rotary motion from the roller to the generator, which generates power using the rotary motion input by the link. The sensor system further includes a sensor connected to the generator for receiving power, wherein the sensor is configured to sense the physical characteristic associated with the conveying system. |
| US08009056B2 |
Movement monitor for medical patients
A movement monitor includes a sensor pad for sensing when a weight is placed on the sensor pad and when the weight is removed from the sensor pad. A sleeve encloses the sensor pad. A control flap is formed in the sleeve for enclosing an alarm circuit coupled to the sensor pad. |
| US08009049B2 |
RFID tag and method of manufacturing RFID tag
An RFID tag includes: a tag main body having a communication antenna, a circuit chip electrically connected to the antenna to perform wireless communication via the antenna, and a tabular sealing member in which the antenna and the circuit chip are enclosed; a print layer formed on a first surface of the tag main body by printing; and a protective film that covers the print layer. The print layer is formed only in a central area of the first surface surrounded by a marginal area of the first surface extending along the outer edge of the first surface. The protective film includes a covering portion that covers the print layer and an adhering portion that lies off the print layer while surrounding the outer edge of the print layer and adheres to the first surface. |
| US08009048B2 |
Electronic tag and system with conditional response corresponding to at least one plant attribute
A system for tracking plants includes electronic tags configured to conditionally respond to interrogation, the condition response corresponding to data stored in the tag and/or one or more environmental parameters corresponding to one or more plants. |
| US08009046B2 |
Golf club reminder system for golf bags
The golf club reminder system for a golf bag utilizes electric, magnetic, or optical detectors to monitor golf clubs in the golf bag. A control unit is provided for determining the presence or absence of a complete set of golf clubs in the golf bag based upon golf club detection signals. A display is connected to the control unit for displaying an indication of the presence or absence of the complete set of golf clubs in the golf bag, and a user interface is connected to the control unit for setting the control unit for determining the presence or absence of the complete set of golf clubs in the golf bag. |
| US08009044B2 |
Motion detector having asymmetric zones for determining direction of movement and method therefore
A detector, system including a detector and method for sensing motion within a detection region. The detector has a detection element and a focusing element aiming received energy corresponding to a presence within the detection region toward the detection element. The focusing element has a plurality of sections in which each of the plurality of sections establishes a corresponding detection zone within the detection region. The plurality of sections are arranged to allow a motion vector to be determined for an object passing through the detection region. The system includes a detector that generates pulses each time presence in a detector zone is detected as well as a central alarm panel. The central alarm panel receives the pulses and has processor that evaluates the timing between electrical pulses to determine the motion vector. |
| US08009036B2 |
Wireless tag and auxiliary device for use with home monitoring unit for tracking individuals or objects
The invention is directed to a location tracking device and auxiliary device for tracking individuals or objects. The location tracking device has position determining circuitry and wireless circuitry that communicates position data representative of the location of the tracking device to an auxiliary device. The auxiliary device has long range communications circuitry that communicates this position data to a remote location. In the disclosed embodiment, the tracking device has a first operational mode, when communication is not established with the auxiliary device, wherein the position determining circuitry is maintained in a normal power state. The tracking device also has a second operational mode, when communication is established between the tracking device and the auxiliary device, wherein the position determining circuitry is placed in a reduced power state if one or more predetermined conditions are met. |
| US08009035B1 |
Alert warning system
An emergency alert system and method are disclosed. The invention employs an emergency alert message, which directs end users to take some particular action like evacuating an identified geographic area. The invention further employs a geographic area message, which is based on a particular geographic area within which all persons should receive the emergency alert message. The invention utilizes an emergency alert enabled device that receives both the emergency alert message and the geographic area message. The emergency alert enabled device determines whether it is located within the geographic area of concern, and if so, presents the emergency alert message to the end user. |
| US08009032B2 |
Remote display tamper detection using data integrity operations
Methods and systems for detecting tampering of a remote display. According to one method, a first data integrity result is generated by performing a first data integrity operation on display data to be displayed on the remote display at a secure module. The display data is transmitted from the secure module to the remote display security module. The remote display security module receives the display data. A second data integrity result is generated by performing the first data integrity operation on the display data received at the remote display security module. A determination is made as to whether the remote display has been tampered with at the secure module if the first data integrity result does not match the second data integrity result. |
| US08009030B2 |
Automobile communication system
A communication system for use with an automobile having an accelerator, a brake, a cruise control, and a brake lamp includes a display, a transmitter, a receiver, and a cruise lamp visible from outside the automobile. The communication system includes a processor in data communication with the accelerator, the brake, the cruise control, the brake lamp, the display, the transmitter, the receiver, and the cruise lamp. The processor includes programming to actuate the display to present data received by the receiver and to actuate the cruise lamp when the cruise control is actuated. The processor also includes programming to actuate the transmitter to transmit cruise data when the cruise control is actuated. Programming also causes the cruise lamp to blink when the cruise control is actuated while the accelerator is actuated. Programming may also actuate the transmitter to transmit acceleration data when the cruise control and the accelerator are actuated. |
| US08009029B2 |
Movable display device
The present invention provides a movable display device which has a high awareness of a display content while a sight line moving angle between a sight line connecting a driver's eye to display means and a sight line connecting the driver's eye to a target is small, thereby alleviating the driver's fatigue. |
| US08009028B2 |
System for recommending maintenance for fuel economy improvement
A method of optimizing fuel economy and carbon dioxide emissions of a vehicle may entail utilizing an interior vehicle display to alert a driver as to the state of various vehicle components and parameters and their effect on fuel economy and carbon dioxide emissions. The components and parameters may be monitored by or direct information into a vehicle efficiency ECU which communicates with the display. The method may entail reading and displaying a real-time tire pressure into the efficiency ECU and displaying the corresponding fuel economy. a manufacturer's recommended tire pressure and corresponding fuel economy could also be displayed. The method may also entail reading a variety of real-time weather conditions into the efficiency ECU that correspond to a plurality of different road routes to a driver-selected destination. The fuel economy of each route may be displayed for driver selection to optimize fuel economy and carbon dioxide emissions. |
| US08009026B2 |
Vehicle statistical measurement game
A vehicle communication system is operable to calculate and compare vehicle statistics based on information received from a vehicle sensor. This statistic information can be used by the vehicle communication system to execute a plurality of statistic based games. Additionally, relevant statistic information may be transmitted to a remote network for the purpose of playing games against other drivers. The vehicle communication system can report statistical changes to a driver, thus appraising the driver of the driver's success in achieving statistical game goals. Network rankings may also be provided to the driver in a real-time basis by the vehicle communication system. |
| US08009025B2 |
Method and system for interaction between a vehicle driver and a plurality of applications
A method and system for at least one of communication and interaction between a vehicle driver and a plurality of at least one of integrated and non-integrated applications like, e.g., native vehicle applications and/or aftermarket applications and/or nomad applications is disclosed. Especially, such a method and system for managing the at least one of communication and interaction by means of an interaction manager is provided, by which this at least one of communication and interaction is conducted or managed in such a way that risks and impairments for the safety and comfort of the driver are reduced considerably and workload and distraction of the driver are reduced considerably as well. |
| US08009023B2 |
Access arrangement for a vehicle
An access arrangement for a vehicle (FZ) has a transmit/receive device on the vehicle side (19) to transmit one or several interrogation signals. In addition, the access arrangement has a mobile identification generator (IDI, IDA) with a transmit/receive device on the identification generator side (SE) to receive interrogation signals from the transmit/receive device on the vehicle side and to evaluate signal characteristics of the interrogation signals at at least two different points in time. The mobile identification generator furthermore has a control device (ST) to output a different control command depending on a change (ΔFS, ΔFR) in the evaluated signal characteristics. In the event of no change or a small change in the signal characteristics, a signal may be output to deactivate the identification generator, while in the event of a marked change a locking signal to lock a door (TFZ) of the vehicle may be output. |
| US08009022B2 |
Systems and methods for immersive interaction with virtual objects
A system to present the user a 3-D virtual environment as well as non-visual sensory feedback for interactions that user makes with virtual objects in that environment is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, a system comprising a depth camera that captures user position and movement, a three-dimensional (3-D) display device that presents the user a virtual environment in 3-D and a haptic feedback device provides haptic feedback to the user as he interacts with a virtual object in the virtual environment. As the user moves through his physical space, he is captured by the depth camera. Data from that depth camera is parsed to correlate a user position with a position in the virtual environment. Where the user position or movement causes the user to touch the virtual object, that is determined, and corresponding haptic feedback is provided to the user. |
| US08009021B1 |
Emergency call panel for hospital communication system
A patient controlled single gang signaling device for use within a hospital communication network. The device contains two actuators, one for initiating an emergency distress call while the other initiates a non-emergency distress call. The emergency distress call actuator is controlled with a pull cord, thus enabling a patient to send out an emergency distress signal from a position away from the unit. The device also includes a third actuator providing the user with the option of terminating the transmission of any message. |
| US08009019B2 |
Portable-terminal holder and radio communication system
A portable-terminal holder for holding a portable terminal that has a rechargeable battery and a first radio communication device is constituted by a base and c communication module. The base has a portion on which the portable terminal is placed, and a charging device for charging the rechargeable battery of the portable terminal while said portable terminal is placed on the portion. The communication module has a second radio communication device communicating with the first radio communication device for wireless data transmission between the portable terminal and the communication module, and a cable communication device communicating with an external host computer for cable data transmission between the host computer and the communication module. The communication module is configured to be detachable from the base. |
| US08009018B2 |
RF transactions using a wireless reader grid
The present invention discloses a radio frequency (RF) reader grid and method for facilitating transactions. The RF reader grid includes a transponder, a RFID reader, and a host RFID reader in communication with a merchant system. The secondary and host RFID readers communicate with one another via wireless, RF frequencies. The present invention also discloses a wireless grid that comprises non-radio frequency readers, such as magnetic stripe readers. In addition, a method for using a secondary RFID reader to perform a transaction is disclosed. The method includes the steps of initializing the secondary RFID reader, communication transaction information using the secondary RFID reader and processing the transaction information using a host RFID reader. |
| US08009017B2 |
Contactless type communication tag, portable tag reader for verifying a genuine article, and method for providing information of whether an article is genuine or not
Provided are a contactless communication tag, a portable tag reader, and a method of providing genuineness of a product. The tag reader specifies an encryption key corresponding to an encryption key stored in the tag from its own plurality of encryption keys based on a signal received from the tag. The tag reader receives an encrypted product code or product information from the tag and decrypts the received product code or product code using an encryption key. Also, the tag reader outputs a result of decryption on a 7-segment display window, a plurality of color light emitting diodes (LED), and/or a liquid crystal display (LCD) window or as beep sounds or voices. |
| US08009016B2 |
Tag identification system
The present invention relates to a tag identification system comprising: a plurality of tags, each tag being identifiable by an associated tag identifier, and at least one tag comprising at least one link to at least one other tag in said group. |
| US08009014B2 |
Device and method for identifying a user of a medical device
A medical device with an operating element for triggering the medical device is disclosed. The medical device includes a safety system for preventing an erroneous triggering of the device. The safety system further includes an identification device and a securing mechanism. |
| US08009012B2 |
Stacked electronic part and method of manufacturing the same
Provided are a stacked electronic part that can sufficiently suppress plating deposition on the surface of a porous green body when a terminal electrode is formed on an external electrode, thereby enabling a decrease in the reliability of products to be prevented, and a method of manufacturing the stacked electronic part. The stacked electronic part 1 is a PTC thermistor having a stacked body 4 containing a porous green body 2 made of ceramics and having a plurality of vacancies and a plurality of internal electrodes 3 formed within the porous green body 2, and is provided with at least one unit structure 10 in which the porous green body 2 and the internal electrode 3 are stacked. External electrodes 5, 5 are connected to the internal electrode 2, and upon the external electrodes 5, 5 are formed terminal electrodes 7, 7 by plating. Resin is filled in the plurality of vacancies of the porous green body 2 at a filling ratio of not less than 60%. |
| US08009010B2 |
Water resistant in-line fuse holder
Embodiments for an in-line fuse holder each include at least one housing and two mating pieces, which can snap-fit together and be held moveably together via a strap. Each embodiment houses at least one fuse, such as an automotive fuse. In one example, the fuse includes a first housing forming a first cavity, which is configured to house a first portion of the fuse. The first housing also includes a projection having sides that taper outwardly as the sides extend away from the first housing. The fuse holder also includes a second housing forming a second cavity, which is configured to house a second portion of the fuse. The second housing includes a channel having sides that taper outwardly as the sides extend into the second housing. The projection and channel snap-fit together in a water resistant relationship. |
| US08009009B2 |
Coil module
A coil module comprises a circular core and a winding is provided. The circular core comprises an outer circular portion and an inner circular portion. The winding is wound around the outer circular portion in a single-layer configuration and around the inner circular portion in a multi-layer configuration. The coil module comprises a first thickness after the winding is wound around the outer circular portion and comprises a second thickness after the winding is wound around the inner circular portion, wherein the first thickness is greater than or equal to the second thickness. |
| US08009007B2 |
Inductance part
Since there exists a draw-out portion of a triple insulated wire in a winding structure of a transformer in which the triple insulated wire is used as a secondary winding, the thickness of the transformer is increased by an amount corresponding to the wire diameter of the draw-out portion. Further, when reduction of the thickness of the transformer is prioritized, the secondary winding can be provided only on one side, making it impossible to achieve the sandwich structure. Thus, the coupling between the primary and secondary windings has been sacrificed. An inductance part provided with a magnetic core, two or more sheet coils, and a winding includes: a bobbin constituted by at least two or more sheet coils; and a winding formed by winding a triple insulated wire between the two or more sheet coils constituting the bobbin. A triple insulated wire draw-out portion on the center side of the winding is drawn out to one outer surface side of the bobbin. |
| US08009006B2 |
Open pattern inductor
Various embodiments includes a stacked open pattern inductor fabricated above a semiconductor substrate. The stacked open pattern inductor includes a plurality of parallel open conducting patterns embedded in a magnetic oxide or in an insulator and a magnetic material. Embedding the stacked open pattern inductor in a magnetic oxide or in an insulator and a magnetic material increases the inductance of the inductor and allows the magnetic flux to be confined to the area of the inductor. A layer of magnetic material may be located above the inductor and below the inductor to confine electronic noise generated in the stacked open pattern inductor to the area occupied by the inductor. The stacked open pattern inductor may be fabricated using conventional integrated circuit manufacturing processes, and the inductor may be used in connection with computer systems. |
| US08009000B2 |
Apparatus for application of a magnetic field to a sample
Disclosed is an apparatus for application of a magnetic field to a sample, in particular an elongated sample. At least in places, the apparatus has magnetic bodies which are arranged such that they can rotate with respect to one another and have, and leave open, a common access opening for the sample. In particular, this allows the apparatus to be applied to an elongated sample whose ends are not accessible. As a result of the bodies being arranged such that they can rotate with respect to one another, the magnetic fields of the bodies can be adjusted with respect to one another before the apparatus is opened and closed, so as to minimize the magnetic field in the common access opening. In consequence, only small magnetic interaction forces need be overcome during opening and closing. |
| US08008999B2 |
Electromagnetic relay
An electromagnetic relay including an electromagnet, an armature driven by the electromagnet, a movable spring member carrying a movable contact, a fixed member carrying a fixed contact, an actuator arranged between the armature and the movable spring member. The actuator pivots about a pivot axis by an operation of the electromagnet to make the movable contact brought into contact with or separated from the fixed contact. The actuator includes a generally L-shaped body, the pivot axis being defined at a first end of a first arm of the L-shaped body. The armature is attached to the actuator at a second end of a second arm of the L-shaped body opposite to the first end. The movable spring member is engaged with the actuator at a point defined in the second arm of the L-shaped body. |
| US08008998B2 |
Waveguide comprised of two waveguide members assembled by using a positioning pin and a positioning hole in the two members
A waveguide includes a first waveguide member and a second waveguide member. The second waveguide member is combined with the first waveguide member to form a through hole. The first waveguide member includes a first shell and two first wing portions connected to the first shell, and the two first wing portions form a first plane. The second waveguide member includes a second shell and two second wing portions connected to the second shell, and the two second wing portions form a second plane. Bulged strips are formed at the inner rims of the second plane neighboring the through hole and extend along a longitudinal direction of the through hole, and the bulged strips protrude the second plane. |
| US08008997B2 |
Printed circuit board filter having rows of vias defining a quasi cavity that is below a cutoff frequency
A low frequency reject filter element is formed on a printed circuit board that utilizes the fact that power transmission in a waveguide is cut-off below a certain frequency. A quasi waveguide cavity is formed in printed circuit board using the top and bottom ground plane of the stripline circuit and using conductive via holes to form the side walls of the cavity. Waveguide cavity mode is launched from the input and output striplines by shorting them to ground. Transformers and matching via hole elements may be used to improve matching. The resulting filter is compact and is highly effective in suppressing low frequency transmissions. |
| US08008996B2 |
Low-pass filter
A low-pass filter (10) includes an input portion (100) inputting an electromagnetic signal, an output portion (120) outputting the electromagnetic signal, a high impedance transmission portion (140) electrically connected to the input portion and the output portion to transmit the electromagnetic signal therebetween, a first low impedance transmission portion (160) electrically connected to the input portion and an end of the high impedance transmission portion, and a second low impedance transmission portion (180) electrically connected to the output portion and another end of the high impedance transmission portion. The two low impedance transmission portions are arranged beside the high impedance transmission portion, and each of the low impedance transmission portions is triangular. |
| US08008991B2 |
Electrical filter having a dielectric substrate with wide and narrow regions for supporting capacitors and conductive windings
An electrical filter includes a circuit board with an insulative substrate of alternating wide and narrow portions between input and output ends. Capacitors received in through-holes in the wide portions are electrically coupled to signal traces on a signal surface and ground traces on a ground surface of the circuit board. Conductive coils about narrow portions may form inductors, electrically coupled between the signal traces and an input and/or output. The circuit board, capacitors and inductors may be positioned in a first enclosure, (e.g., tube), with sealed electrical connections to an exterior. The first enclosure may be positioned in a second enclosure (e.g., tube). The filter may also include a high frequency dissipation filter section employing a metal powder filter, with metal powder and epoxy. Non-magnetic and/or superconducting materials may be employed. |
| US08008990B2 |
Generalized multiplexing network
The invention relates generally to RF and microwave multiplexers implemented with a plurality of coupled resonators. More specifically, the present invention relates to multiplexers configured to require only a plurality of resonators and series, shunt, cross couplings and input/output couplings between them. It is a main feature of the invention that no microwave dividers, combiners, circulators, or other junctions are necessary for the distribution of microwave energy among the coupled resonators. This is achieved for example by a P-channel multiplexer comprising P rows of coupled resonators, a common input terminal connected to the first resonator of at least one of said rows, and P channel output terminals connected with the last resonator in each row, and at least one coupling between resonators belonging to different rows. |
| US08008989B2 |
Power line communication system and capacitive signal coupling unit
In power line communications using carrier waves of high frequencies in the MHz range such as 2 to 30 MHz, when a coaxial cable for performing transmission of signals and a power line are signal-coupled using a capacitive signal coupling unit, even if an impedance matching circuit is installed in the capacitive signal coupling unit, we have found that leakage current of levels that cannot be neglected from leakage noise considerations flows through the outer sheath of the coaxial cable that transmits the signals, and, accordingly, leaking electromagnetic waves induced by the leakage current flowing through the coaxial cable due to impedance mismatch between the power line and the capacitive signal coupling unit are reduced by an impedance member showing high impedances at high frequencies in the MHz range. |
| US08008983B2 |
Waveguide multiplexer and waveguide phase shifter connected by a polarization adjustment assembly
An adjustable assembly apparatus includes a waveguide phase shifter and a waveguide multiplexer. The waveguide phase shifter has a first flange structure and the waveguide multiplexer has a second flange structure. The second flange structure and the first flange structure are embedded, and the polarization directions of the waveguide phase shifter and the waveguide multiplexer are orthogonal. In an embodiment, the first flange structure includes a bulge, the second flange structure includes a recess, and the bulge is embedded in the recess. The polarization directions of the bulge of the waveguide phase shifter and the recess of the waveguide multiplexer differ by 90 degrees. |
| US08008982B2 |
Method and apparatus for adaptive impedance matching
A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, an adaptive impedance matching network having an RF matching network coupled to at least one RF input port and at least one RF output port and comprising one or more controllable variable reactive elements. The RF matching network can be adapted to reduce a level of reflected power transferred from said at least one input port by varying signals applied to said controllable variable reactive elements. The one or more controllable variable reactive elements can be coupled to a circuit adapted to map one or more control signals that are output from a controller to a signal range that is compatible with said one or more controllable variable reactive elements. Additional embodiments are disclosed. |
| US08008980B2 |
Surface mount type crystal oscillator
A surface mount crystal oscillator comprises a crystal blank, an IC chip having an oscillation circuit integrated thereon, and a hermetic package for accommodating the crystal blank and IC chip therein. The hermetic package comprises a substantially rectangular ceramic substrate formed with a metal film which makes a round on one main surface thereof, and a concave metal cover having an open end face bonded to the metal film. The IC chip is secured to the one main surface of the ceramic substrate through ultrasonic thermo-compression bonding using bumps, the crystal blank is disposed above the IC chip, and the ceramic substrate has the one main surface formed as a flat surface. |
| US08008979B2 |
Frequency synthesizer and radio transmitting apparatus
A frequency synthesizer (100) can selectively set an output band of VCO, and consumes less power. The frequency synthesizer (100) has a frequency converting circuit (110) that has a mixer (111) and a frequency divider (112) connected with each other in parallel. The frequency synthesizer (100) uses the frequency divider (112) upon frequency band selection in VCO (101) and uses the mixer (111) upon transmission. |
| US08008978B2 |
Oscillator circuit and memory system
An oscillator circuit generates a constant delay time by use of a current source and a load element to determine a frequency of a clock. The oscillator circuit includes an integrator which integrates the clock, a first comparator which compares an output voltage of the integrator with a reference voltage, and a variable current source which changes a current in accordance with the comparison result of the first comparator. The frequency is corrected in accordance with the current of the variable current source. |
| US08008976B2 |
High-efficiency power amplification apparatus using saturated operation and method for controlling the same
A saturated power amplification apparatus and a method for controlling the same are provided, in which a power device is provided, and an output matcher matches a load impedance of the power device. The load impedance is a complex impedance exceeding an impedance generated during power matching in the saturated power amplification apparatus. |
| US08008972B2 |
Differential signal generator circuit
A differential signal generator circuit includes: a first amplifier for comparing an input signal with a threshold voltage and outputting differential signals; and a second amplifier for adjusting the threshold voltage in response to the differential signals. The second amplifier includes: a first transistor and a second transistor forming a differential pair, the gate of each transistor receiving a respective one of the differential signals; a third transistor and a fourth transistor forming a current mirror, the third transistor being connected between the drain of the first transistor and a reference potential point, the fourth transistor being connected between the drain of the second transistor and the reference potential point; a current source connected to the sources of the first and second transistors; and an adjusting section for adjusting drain current of the first transistor in response to an externally applied current or voltage. The threshold voltage is adjusted in response to drain voltage of the second transistor. |
| US08008971B2 |
System and method for controlling radio frequency transmissions from an electronic device
The disclosure relates to a system and method for attenuating harmonics in output signals. In the system, an electronic circuit for reducing leakage of radio frequency signals from a power amplifier of a wireless communication device is provided. The circuit comprises: a printed circuit board ‘PCB’ having the power amplifier mounted on the PCB; a first electrical track in the PCB connecting to a power input terminal of the power amplifier; and a first capacitor connected to the first electrical track and a ground reference in the PCB, the first capacitor reducing transmission of radio frequency signals from the input terminal of the power amplifier. |
| US08008970B1 |
Apparatus and method for enabled switch detection
Apparatuses and methods for enabled switch detection are disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes a complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) switch having a gate, a drain, a source, and a well. The source and drain are formed in the well, and the gate is formed adjacent the well between the source and drain. The source is configured to receive a radio frequency signal from a first power amplifier. The apparatus further includes a switch enable detect block configured to compare a signal indicative of the gate voltage of the first switch to a first reference signal and to generate an output comparison signal based at least partly on the comparison. The apparatus further includes a power amplifier bias control block configured to enable the first power amplifier based at least partly on the output comparison signal from the switch sense block. |
| US08008966B2 |
Start-up circuit for generating bandgap reference voltage
Disclosed is a start-up circuit that can stably and rapidly start up a bandgap reference voltage generating circuit when the bandgap reference voltage generating circuit is switched from a sleep mode to an operation mode, even if a difference in electrical characteristic, such as DC offset or the like, occurs due to, e.g, a physical difference between input transistors of an operational amplifier. |
| US08008962B2 |
Interface circuit for bridging voltage domains
The invention is directed to an interface circuit for bridging voltage domains. The interface circuit receives an input signal, having a larger voltage domain, and safely provides the signal to an electronic device which has a smaller voltage domain. The interface circuit may include a transistor configured as a source follow so that an output of the transistor follows the input of the transistor. A blocking voltage may be provided at the input of the transistor to provide a voltage bias, blocking a range of input voltages to the transistor. The transistor may also have a blocking voltage at a drain terminal of the transistor, to block any output voltage above the blocking voltage. |
| US08008960B2 |
Synchronous rectifier post regulator
Methods and apparatus for regulating a synchronous rectifier DC-to-DC converter by adjusting one or more existing synchronous rectifiers in the converter are provided. By regulating an existing synchronous rectifier, the rectifier may function as a modulator for post regulation over a limited range of output voltages suitable for load regulation, without introducing an additional conversion stage for post regulation, which typically decreases efficiency and power density. Independent post regulation of an existing synchronous rectifier may improve the load regulation, reduce output voltage ripple, and improve the transient response of the converter. By operating independently from the main control loop, post regulation may most likely avoid the limitations of the main control loop, such as limited gain bandwidth and a relatively slow transient response. Such post regulation may be added to isolated or non-isolated switched-mode power supplies, such as forward or buck converters. |
| US08008959B2 |
Flip-flop circuit that latches inputted data
A flip-flop circuit operates by a first clock signal whose amplitude is smaller than that of input data D. A pair of transistors receive the input data D and the reversed input data *D, respectively, to latch the input data D. An activation circuit activates the pair of transistors in a conduction state. A control circuit receives the first clock signal and sets the activation circuit to a conduction state for a predetermined time period starting from an edge timing of the received first clock signal. The control circuit increases the amplitude of the first clock signal and sets the activation circuit in a conduction state by using a second clock signal which is the first clock signal with the increased amplitude. |
| US08008955B2 |
Semiconductor device
There is provided a semiconductor device having a voltage-controlled oscillator outputting an output clock signal; N pieces of control units generating a frequency-divided clock signal by frequency-dividing the output clock signal, comparing a reference clock signal and the frequency-divided clock signal, and outputting an output signal based on a comparison result; an adder adding output signals from each of the control units; and a low-pass filter filtering an output of the adder and outputting to the voltage-controlled oscillator, wherein setting information related to a frequency division ratio made of N pieces of data cycled and supplied in a sequence in synchronization with the frequency-divided clock signal is supplied to each of the control units with initial values made different from one another and a frequency-division operation and a comparison operation are performed thereby to form a moving average filter by N pieces of control units and to reduce a quantization noise, so that occurrence of a spurious in the output clock signal can be suppressed. |
| US08008953B1 |
Gate control circuit
An integrated circuit for switching a transistor is disclosed. In some embodiments, an operational amplifier is configured to drive a transistor, and slew rate control circuitry is configured to control the slew rate of the transistor source voltage during turn on. The transistor source voltage is employed as feedback to the operational amplifier to facilitate closed loop control of the transistor source voltage during switching of the transistor. |
| US08008948B2 |
Peak voltage detector circuit and binarizing circuit including the same circuit
A peak voltage detector circuit detects a peak voltage of an input voltage. The input voltage is input into a first input terminal of a comparator. A counter circuit counts up a counter value in synchronization with a first clock signal, when a signal output from the comparator is in a first state. The counter circuit counts down the counter value in synchronization with a second clock signal. A digital-analog conversion circuit outputs an output voltage corresponding to the counter value, and the output voltage is input into a second input terminal of the comparator. The first clock signal has a wave period shorter than that of the second clock signal. |
| US08008947B2 |
Balanced phase detector
Methods and apparatus are disclosed, such as those involving a digital phase detector that includes a phase detection circuit configured to detect which one of two clock signals leads the other. One such phase detector includes a balancer configured to prepare the phase detection circuit for a phase detection. The phase detection circuit of one or more embodiments includes a cross-coupled latch configured to receive the two clock signals and generate a first latch output and a second latch output in response to the two clock signals. The aforementioned balancer is configured to substantially equalize the voltage levels of the first and second latch outputs before the phase detection circuit detects a phase difference between the two clock signals. For example, the balancer might pre-charge the outputs of the phase detection circuit to substantially the same voltage level before phase detection. |
| US08008946B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit
A first counter detects a rising edge of a clock signal, and generates a first signal having a multiplied cycle of the clock signal.A second counter detects a falling edge of the clock signal, and generates a second signal having a multiplied cycle of the clock signal. A first line transfers the first signal, while a second line transfers the second signal. A phase comparator is connected to the first line and the second line to generate a third signal based on a phase difference between the first signal and the second signal and output the third signal to one of the circuit units.A plurality of the phase comparators are connected to the first line and the second line, and are disposed between one of the ends of the first line and the second line and one of the circuit units. |
| US08008942B2 |
Analog processor comprising quantum devices
Analog processors for solving various computational problems are provided. Such analog processors comprise a plurality of quantum devices, arranged in a lattice, together with a plurality of coupling devices. The analog processors further comprise bias control systems each configured to apply a local effective bias on a corresponding quantum device. A set of coupling devices in the plurality of coupling devices is configured to couple nearest-neighbor quantum devices in the lattice. Another set of coupling devices is configured to couple next-nearest neighbor quantum devices. The analog processors further comprise a plurality of coupling control systems each configured to tune the coupling value of a corresponding coupling device in the plurality of coupling devices to a coupling. Such quantum processors further comprise a set of readout devices each configured to measure the information from a corresponding quantum device in the plurality of quantum devices. |
| US08008936B2 |
Probe card actuator
A probe card test interface is described. The probe card test interface includes a first frame configured to support a probe card circuit card assembly (CCA). The probe card CCA is configured to contact a semiconductor wafer with one or more test probes. The first frame is also configured to support a first group of electrical contact points, the first group of electrical contact point being electrically coupled to circuitry of the probe card CCA. A second frame is coupled to a test interface CCA, where the test interface CCA includes a second group of electrical contact points. A number of actuation devices are slidably mounted on the second frame. The actuation devices have a tip member configured to engage a lip of the first frame when the corresponding actuation device is moved to an engagement position. When all of the actuation devices are in the engagement position, simultaneous actuation of the actuation devices moves the first frame toward the second frame to couple the first and second groups of electrical contact points. The first group of electrical contact points is supported by the first frame such that the probe card CCA experiences little or no deflection during actuation of the actuation devices, thereby preventing damage to the probe card CCA. |
| US08008935B1 |
Tester and a method for testing an integrated circuit
A method for testing an integrated circuit, that includes: (a) providing a first signal to a first path that starts within the integrated circuit and ends at a first memory element that is followed by a first IO pad, and providing a second signal to a second path that starts within the integrated circuit and ends at a second memory element that is followed by a second IO pad; (b) comparing between a first test result and a second test result, wherein the first test result represents a state of the first memory element sampled a predefined period after a provision of the first signal and the second test result represents a state of the second memory element sampled a predefined period after a provision of the second signal; (c) altering the predefined period; and (d) repeating the stages of providing, comparing and altering until detecting a time difference between a first path propagation period and a second path propagation period. |
| US08008919B2 |
Method for compensating drill pipe and near-borehole effect on and electronic noise in transient resistivity measurements
Transient measurements made at two spaced apart receivers responsive to separate activation of two transmitters symmetrically disposed about the two receivers. The transmitters and receivers are on an instrument having a conductive body induces currents in the earth formation. The effect of the conductive body is removed by using deconvolving the signal at one receiver using the measured signal at the other receiver. The symmetric transmitter configuration also enables compensation for receiver differences. |
| US08008911B2 |
Method and device for the determination of the road clearance of a vehicle
In a method for determining road clearance of a vehicle, the vehicle is moved relative to a measurement configuration with a reference surface. One or more magnets, which are disposed on the vehicle and assigned preferably each to a defined measurement point on the vehicle, is detected by at least one device for magnetic field measurement. With the help of at least one device for separation measurement, the separation between the measurement configuration and the bottom side of the vehicle is determined. In this way, a rapid, reliable, repeatable and flexibly usable method for the determination of the road clearance of a vehicle is provided. A corresponding device is provided for implementing the method. |
| US08008903B2 |
Method and apparatus for regulating a diode conduction duty cycle
An example power converter includes a clock signal generator coupled to generate a clock signal to control switching of a power switch to be coupled to the control circuit. Feedback circuitry is coupled to receive a feedback signal, which is representative of an output of a power converter during a feedback portion of an off time of the power switch. The feedback circuitry is coupled to respond to the feedback signal to control the clock signal generator to regulate a duty cycle of the feedback portion of the off time of the power switch as a proportion of a total power switch switching cycle period. |
| US08008902B2 |
Hysteretic buck converter having dynamic thresholds
A hysteretic buck converter provides improved regulation control, in particular for buck converter standby operation. A comparison circuit compares the output voltage of the buck converter to a waveform that is generated from an indication of the output current of the converter, so that the turn-on time of the converter is advanced as the output current demand increases. The resulting action anticipates a reduction in output voltage due to the increased current, preventing an excursion of the output voltage below the ripple voltage minimum. The turn-off time of the converter is controlled by an upper threshold that limits the ripple voltage maximum. The output current indication may be a measurement of output current, or may be a dynamic value calculated from the input voltage and the output voltage waveform. |
| US08008900B2 |
DC-DC converter
A DC-DC converter providing a DC output voltage at an output node. The DC-DC converter comprises an output stage, a digital controller, and a controller. The output stage comprises a pull-up circuit having a control terminal and coupled between a first fixed voltage and a internal node, a pull-down circuit coupled between the internal node and a second fixed voltage, and a low pass filter coupled between the internal node and the output node. The digital controller is powered by the DC output voltage and adjusts the DC output voltage by controlling the output stage. The controller controls a connection of a feedback path, comprising the digital controller, between the output node and the control terminal according to the DC output voltage. |
| US08008898B2 |
Switching regulator with boosted auxiliary winding supply
A boosted auxiliary winding power supply for a switched-power converter circuit provides operating voltage for control and other circuits early in the start-up phase of converter operation. A boost circuit has an input coupled to the auxiliary winding to boost the voltage available from the auxiliary winding at least during start-up of the switched-power converter. The boost thereby provides a voltage that is greater than the voltage across the auxiliary winding during start-up of the switched-power converter. The boost circuit may be actively switched at a rate higher than a switching rate of the switched-power converter, to increase a rate of rise of the operating voltage. Polarity information, which may be provided from the switched-power converter control circuit, can be used to actively rectify the output of the auxiliary winding. |
| US08008897B2 |
Boost converter with integrated high power discrete FET and low voltage controller
A boost converter for high power and high output voltage applications includes a low voltage controller integrated circuit and a high voltage, vertical, discrete field effect transistor, both of which are packed in a single package. |
| US08008892B2 |
Image forming apparatus, power supply device, and control method
A step-down circuit lowers a voltage outputted from a commercial power supply. A step-down-output control and charge control circuit controls a step-down voltage and charges a capacitor bank based on a step-down voltage outputted. A constant-voltage generating circuit generates a constant voltage based on an output of the capacitor bank or an output of the step-down circuit. An image-forming-apparatus control circuit supplies the constant voltage to a load that performs an image forming operation. |
| US08008890B2 |
Charge equalization apparatus
The present invention relates to a charge equalization apparatus, which can enable the primary windings and the secondary windings of transformers to be easily manufactured, can control the flow of charges into batteries depending on the charged states of series-connected batteries, and can prevent overcurrent from flowing into batteries that are currently being charged. |
| US08008889B2 |
Charging circuit for secondary battery, power supply switching method in charging circuit for secondary battery, and power supply unit
A charging circuit charges a secondary battery by using a first direct current power supply that generates and outputs a first voltage. A highest voltage among the first voltage of the first direct current power supply, a second voltage generated from power supplied from outside, and a secondary battery voltage of the secondary battery is supplied as a power supply to the charging circuit. |
| US08008888B2 |
Electrical powered vehicle and power feeding device for vehicle
An electrical powered vehicle includes a secondary self-resonant coil, a secondary coil, a rectifier, and a power storage device. The secondary self-resonant coil is configured to be magnetically coupled with a primary self-resonant coil of a power feeding device by magnetic field resonance, and allow reception of high frequency power from the primary self-resonant coil. The secondary coil is configured to allow reception of electric power from the secondary self-resonant coil by electromagnetic induction. The rectifier rectifies the electric power received by the secondary coil. The power storage device stores the electric power rectified by the rectifier. |
| US08008878B2 |
System for seamless estimation of speed and/or position, including standstill of a permanent magnet rotor of an electric motor
Procedure for determining the electrical drive speed (ωef) and/or position (φe) in a permanent magnet rotor of a brushless electrical linear or rotary motor from a measurement of a multi-phase stator current (i1,i2). Speed is determined using a mathematical motor model (9). From the influence of a rotor reverse EMK that affects the stator current (i1,i2) conclusions are made about the rotor speed (ωef) and/or position (φe) and an appropriate model speed value (13,19,23) is generated. |
| US08008877B2 |
Electrically-driven dump truck
An electrically-driven dump truck 1 uses resistors to convert electric power generated during retarder braking operation into heat energy. A body frame 2 has front and rear wheels, a support base 2A, a cab 4 mounted on an upper left surface of the support base, and a control cabinet 3 mounted on an upper surface of the support base. A plurality of resistor boxes 5 are mounted on an upper base plate 2B and are arranged in a stacked manner such that the plurality of resistor boxes 5 are located to the right of the control cabinet 3 in order to secure right side visibility from the cab 4. Each resistor box has a casing with plural resistors connected in parallel, an inlet port and an outlet port. A fan for cooling the resistors is housed in the casing. |
| US08008874B2 |
Brightness adjusting device and brightness adjusting method
A brightness adjusting device has: a warm-up time determining unit which calculates a temperature difference between the outside temperature detected by an outside temperature detecting unit and the inside temperature detected by an inside temperature detecting unit and reading and determining a warm-up time corresponding to the calculated temperature difference, as an estimated warm-up time, from a product inside temperature table stored in a product inside temperature table storing unit; a target brightness value determining unit which reads and determines a target brightness value, which corresponds to the estimated warm-up time read and determined by a warm-up time estimating unit, from a target brightness value table stored in a target brightness value table storing unit; and a brightness value setting unit which sets a brightness value of the display device according to the target brightness value read and determined by the target brightness value calculating unit. |
| US08008867B2 |
Arrangement suitable for driving floating CCFL based backlight
A backlighting arrangement constituted of: a means for receiving an alternating current comprising a first lead and a second lead; at least one luminaire; and at least one first balancing transformer pair each associated with a particular one of the at least one luminaire, the primary of a first balancing transformer of the first balancing transformer pair serially coupled between the first lead of the means for receiving an alternating current and a first end of each of the at least one luminaire, and the primary of a second balancing transformer of the first balancing transformer pair serially coupled between the second lead of the means for receiving an alternating current and a second end of each of the at least one luminaire. The secondaries of all of the at least one first balancing transformer pair are serially connected in a closed in-phase loop. |
| US08008855B2 |
Organic light emitting display with micro-lenses and method of manufacturing the same
An organic light emitting display includes a base substrate, a driving transistor arranged on the base substrate, a first electrode electrically connected to the driving transistor, an organic light emitting layer arranged on the first electrode to generate a light, a second electrode arranged on the organic light emitting layer, an opposite substrate facing the base substrate and including micro-lenses to disperse the light generated by the organic light emitting layer, and a sub-electrode arranged on at least one of the micro-lenses, the sub-electrode making contact with the second electrode to be electrically connected to the second electrode. |
| US08008854B2 |
Light emitting material and light emitting diode device
A light emitting material includes a polyfluorene derivative having a liquid crystal side group is provided. The polyfluorene derivative has a chemical structure as described in structure 1: wherein Ar is an aromatic ring containing the liquid crystal side group, R1 and R2 are alkanes and n is 20 to 500. |
| US08008852B2 |
Organic light-emitting display device and production method of the same
An organic light-emitting display device is provided which achieves high efficiency by reducing the number of steps for vapor deposition using a mask with a fine pattern and photolithography. A blue light-emitting portion (B), a green light-emitting portion (G) and a red light-emitting portion (R) placed on a substrate 10 have a thickness relationship represented as (blue light-emitting portion (B) |
| US08008851B2 |
Organic light emitting display
An organic light emitting display (OLED) includes a substrate, first and second driving units positioned on the substrate, a first light emitting diode (LED) connected with the first driving unit and including a first organic light emitting layer and a second emitting diode electrically connected with the second driving unit and including a second organic light emitting layer. The second emitting diode is positioned on the first emitting diode. |
| US08008848B2 |
Field emitting device and display apparatus having the same
A field emitting device includes a base substrate and at least three light emitting units and configured to respectively emit at least three lights having different wavelengths from each other. Each light emitting unit includes a first electrode arranged on the base substrate, a field emitter arranged on the base substrate, an insulating layer arranged on the first electrode and including an opening to expose the field emitter, a second electrode arranged on the insulating later to control an operation of the field emitter, a third electrode facing the first electrode, and a fluorescent layer arranged on a surface of the third electrode facing the first electrode. A transmissive area is located between the florescent layers of two adjacent light emitting units. |
| US08008847B2 |
Manufacturing method of gas discharge tube, gas discharge tube, and display device
A gas discharge tube is manufactured by closing an opening of a glass tube by forming a glass layer with outer peripheral shape identical to the outer peripheral shape of the glass tube on an end face of the glass tube. An open end face (opening) of the glass tube is pressure-welded to a dry film containing a low melting point glass powder and a binder resin, and then the glass tube is lifted up to transfer the dry film for closing the opening to the end face of the glass tube. A phosphor support member is inserted into the glass tube from a side opposite to the end face and then an end of the phosphor support member is caused to adhere to the dry film. The binder resin is burnt off, and the dry film is vitrified to produce a low melting point glass layer. |
| US08008846B2 |
Flat display apparatus
An optical filter 17 is attached to the display screen surface of a flat display panel 3 of a flat display apparatus. The optical filter 17 is constituted of a lamination of an electromagnetic-wave blocking sheet 17A, an infrared-radiation absorbing and color-tone correcting sheet 17B and an ambient light antireflective sheet 17C. |
| US08008841B2 |
Stator and piezo ultrasonic motor including the same
A stator and a piezo ultrasonic motor including the same. The piezo ultrasonic motor includes a stator including an elastic body having a flat portion at its outer surface and a central hole penetrating the center of the stator with a predetermined size, and a piezoelectric body including a first internal piezoelectric body and a second internal piezoelectric body integrally disposed parallel to each other in a longitudinal direction of the flat portion and providing an external force deforming the elastic body when an AC voltage is applied, a rotor inserted in the central hole and including a contact frictionally contacting an inner surface of the central hole, an elastic part providing an elastic force maintaining close attachment of the contact to the stator. Accordingly, the manufacturing cost decreases by reducing the number of elements and simplifying a structure, and a stable driving characteristic can be achieved. |
| US08008837B2 |
Surface acoustic wave device and method of manufacturing the same
A surface acoustic wave device excellent in reliability and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The surface acoustic wave device comprises a piezoelectric substrate (1) for propagating an surface acoustic wave thereon, an IDT (2) formed on a first main surface of the piezoelectric substrate (1) and a protective cover (6) formed of a photocurable material and covering a formation region of the IDT (2), thereby forming a hollow containing space (7) together with the first main surface, which has an acid generating portion containing an acid-generating agent in a region at its lower end. The surface acoustic wave device further comprises a connecting line (3) formed on the first main surface and connected to the IDT (2), being drawn out from the inside of the protective cover (6) to the outside thereof to have an end portion at the outside of the protective cover (6), and a bonding film (8) formed of an insulating material and so formed as to be interposed at least between the acid generating portion of the protective cover (6) and the connecting line (3). |
| US08008825B2 |
Electromagnetic steel plate forming member, electromagnetic steel plate laminator, permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine rotor provided with the same, permanent magnet type synchronous rotating electric machine, and vehicle, elevator, fluid machine, and processing machine using the rotating electric machine
An electromagnetic steel plate forming member provides the two magnet holes for inserting therein the two permanent magnets per pole along the V-shape, which are provided in the region of the radial pole pitch lines OP provided in the rotor core at the predetermined pole pitch angle θ, one magnet hole is displaced in a direction apart from the center line OC of the pole pitch lines OP, and the other magnet hole is displaced in a direction approaching to the center line OC of the pole pitch lines OP. |
| US08008824B2 |
Electric motor
An electric motor (1) has a stator (3), a rotor (2) and a number of permanent magnets (6). The use of permanent magnets (6) having a cuboidal shape, without impairing performance. The stator (3) has a number of permanent magnets (6) having a cuboidal shape, which are embedded in recesses (7) and whose axial length (8) is greater than the axial length (4) of the stator (3). |
| US08008819B2 |
Spindle motor and storage disk drive apparatus
A spindle motor includes a rotor unit and a stator unit arranged to rotatably support the rotor unit about a central axis through a fluid dynamic pressure generated in a lubricant held within a bearing gap between the rotor unit and the stator unit. The bearing gap has an annular opening coaxial or substantially coaxial with the central axis, the lubricant defining a capillary seal near the opening within the bearing gap. An oil buffer continuously expanding outwards from the opening of the bearing gap is provided between the rotor unit and the stator unit, the oil buffer being used in temporarily storing the lubricant when the lubricant is filled into the bearing gap, and an oleophobic treatment is performed on a surface of the rotor unit and a surface of the stator unit outside the oil buffer. |
| US08008818B2 |
Flat vibration motor
A flat vibration motor able to be mounted to a device side board by just reflow processing and able to reduce the occupied area, that is, a flat vibration motor provided with a stator plate having a through hole into which one end of a shaft is fit, the stator plate having a magnetic metal core plate having detent torque generating holes 10a to 10c, interconnect patterns arranged on a first electrical insulating film formed on this front surface, and electrode patterns arranged on a second electrical insulating film formed on a back surface of the magnetic metal core plate and connected with the interconnect patterns through the through holes h1 to h3, the insides of the detent torque generating holes 10a to 10c being covered by front-to-back superposed films formed by extensions of the first electrical insulating film and second electrical insulating film. |
| US08008814B2 |
Sliding system with onboard moving-coil linear motor
A sliding system with onboard moving-coil linear motor is disclosed in which an armature assembly is a printed-circuit board, armature windings of flat configuration and coil stay having a stay and any number of cores made integral with the stay. The armature assembly is held by virtue of the stay at a preselected location inside an interval defined between field magnet arrays and, therefore, is small and compact in height in transverse section. A bed formed in an angled hook-like configuration in a transverse section contributes to shrinkage of the sliding system in either of height and width in transverse section or most compactness of the sliding system in transverse dimension. Moreover, the bed can be selected in length at discretion according to the purpose of usage to provide any desirable stroke length for a single table of a preselected length, getting the sliding system convenient for usage. |
| US08008811B2 |
Power supplying unit
A power supplying apparatus includes a conversion device to convert direct current (DC) power from a battery set into alternating current (AC) power. A current transformer arrangement may generate a DC charging signal based on the AC power and provide the DC charging signal to the battery set. The current transformer may include a plurality of current transformers. |
| US08008810B2 |
Phase-control switching apparatus and switching control method for phase-control switching apparatus
A residual-magnetic-flux calculating unit includes a voltage-change-rate detecting unit that detects a transformer-voltage change rate from a phase voltage between a breaker and a transformer, a residual-magnetic-flux detecting unit that detects a residual magnetic flux remaining on the transformer based on the phase voltage, and a breaker-switching-state identifying unit that detects a switching state of the breaker. The residual-magnetic-flux calculating unit recalculates the residual magnetic flux based on the transformer-voltage change rate and a predetermined threshold while the breaker is in an open state. |
| US08008806B2 |
Metering pump power source
A power supply system includes an energy generator and an energy storage system, each electrically connected to a power bus. The power bus provides electrical power to a load. The energy generator includes a wind turbine and a solar panel. The energy storage system includes a storage device and a regulator. The regulator is configured to transfer energy from the power bus to the storage device when the power bus exceeds a maximum voltage and to transfer energy from the storage device to the power bus when the power bus drops below a minimum voltage. |
| US08008803B2 |
Power supply circuit for motherboard
A power supply circuit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor. One end of the first resistor is connected to a system power. The other end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the first capacitor. The cathode of the first capacitor is connected to a digital analog converter A (DACA) VDD pin of a north bridge on a motherboard. The system power provides a stable power signal for the DACA VDD of the north bridge via the first resistor and the first capacitor. Thereby the display no longer ripples when the resolution of the display is adjusted to a certain value. |
| US08008801B2 |
Vehicle power supply device
A vehicle power supply device which prevents a lack of power supply to the motor and insufficient recovery of regenerative electric power of the motor at the time of switching between power running and regeneration. First input-output sections (3a, 3b) of a first DC-DC converter (3) are connected to second input-output sections (4d, 4e) of a PDU (4), second input-output sections (3c, 3d) of the first DC-DC converter (3) are connected to a fuel cell (1) and a capacitor (2), first input-output sections (20a, 20b) of a second DC-DC converter (20) are connected to second input-output sections (4d, 4e) of the PDU (4), and second input-output sections (20c, 20d) of the second DC-DC converter (20) are connected to a lithium-ion battery (21). A voltage control means (31) places the first DC-DC converter (3) or the second DC-DC converter (20) in a direct connection state and controls an output voltage of the other DC-DC converter according to an output voltage of the DC-DC converter placed in the direct connection state during the power running of the motor (5) and during regeneration thereof. |
| US08008794B2 |
Use of pitch battery power to start wind turbine during grid loss/black start capability
The disclosure concerns a wind power plant and its operation during grid loss, wherein the wind power plant comprises a plurality of rotor blades, a blade pitch drive, a rotor shaft, an electric generator, and a control unit for controlling the operations of the wind power plant, wherein the plurality of rotor blades are rotatably connected to the rotor shaft, such that the pitch of the rotor blades can be adjusted by the blade pitch drive under the control of the control unit, and wherein the rotor shaft is operatively connected to the electric generator for generating electric energy, the wind power plant further comprising an energy storing unit for powering the blade pitch drive, wherein the control unit comprises a control module for adjusting the rotor blades and for entering a self-sustaining mode of operation of the wind power plant. With the self-sustaining mode of operation basic functions of the wind power plant, in particular safety and security functions as well as lubrication of the rotatable parts of the wind power plant are sustained even for long periods of a grid loss. |
| US08008793B2 |
Wind power system and method of operating it
The wind power system comprises an installation (1) for generating electrical power from wind by means of at least one power generating turbine arranged to be rotated by wind, and a control system (2) including a power controller (22). The power controller (22) is configured to keep the magnitude of the total current below a pre-set maximum magnitude (Imax). |
| US08008791B2 |
Right-and-left-wheel differential torque generator of vehicle
A right-and-left-wheel differential torque generator makes a deceleration acted on a vehicle body to be corrected in small even when a rotating electric machine for generating a right-and-left-wheel differential torque is operated to generate a yaw moment of the vehicle, for this purpose, a correcting throttle opening is added to a throttle operation by a driver to correct a torque amount of an engine brake causing a power supply, two power generators A, B coupled independently to each of the left and right wheels and a rotating electric machine C for generating a torsional torque are provided, the power generator A absorbs (brake) the torque from one wheel to generate a power, and this power is supplied so that a torsional torque is generated by the rotating electric machine C in a direction toward which the other wheel (coupled with the power generator B) is accelerated. |
| US08008788B2 |
Semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the same
A technique for positioning a semiconductor chip and a mounting substrate with high precision using an alignment mark. In a semiconductor chip, a mark is formed in an alignment mark formation region over a semiconductor substrate in the same layer as an uppermost layer wiring (third layer wiring) in an integrated circuit formation region. Then, in the lower layer of the mark and a background region surrounding the mark, patterns are formed. Pattern P1a is formed in the same layer as a second layer wiring, pattern P1b is formed in the same layer as a first layer wiring, pattern P2 is formed in the same layer as a gate electrode, and pattern P3 is formed in the same layer as an element isolation region. |
| US08008787B2 |
Integrated circuit package system with delamination prevention structure
An integrated circuit package system includes: mounting an integrated circuit die over a carrier; attaching a delamination prevention structure over the integrated circuit die; and encapsulating the delamination prevention structure and the integrated circuit die. |
| US08008785B2 |
Microelectronic assembly with joined bond elements having lowered inductance
A microelectronic assembly includes a semiconductor chip having chip contacts exposed at a first face and a substrate juxtaposed with a face of the chip. A conductive bond element can electrically connect a first chip contact with a first substrate contact of the substrate, and a second conductive bond element can electrically connect the first chip contact with a second substrate contact. The first bond element can have a first end metallurgically joined to the first chip contact and a second end metallurgically joined to the first substrate contact. A first end of the second bond element can be metallurgically joined to the first bond element. The second bond element may or may not touch the first chip contact or the substrate contact. A third bond element can be joined to ends of first and second bond elements which are joined to substrate contacts or to chip contacts. In one embodiment, a bond element can have a looped connection, having first and second ends joined at a first contact and a middle portion joined to a second contact. |
| US08008783B2 |
Dicing tape and die attach adhesive with patterned backing
Provided are a tape, apparatus, and method that relate generally to a single layer adhesive which functions as a dicing tape and also as a die attach adhesive for dicing thinned wafers and subsequent die attach operations of the diced chips in semiconductor device fabrication. The tape, apparatus, and method include a backing with a surface modification that includes a pattern. |
| US08008779B2 |
Semiconductor device and semiconductor device manufacturing method
Disclosed is a semiconductor device that includes: a semiconductor substrate; a first insulating film formed above the semiconductor substrate and having a relative dielectric constant of 3.8 or less; a conductor which covers a side face of the first insulating film at least near four corners of the semiconductor substrate, and at least an outer side face of which has a conductive barrier layer; and a second insulating film covering the outer side face of the conductor and having a relative dielectric constant of over 3.8. Also disclosed is a semiconductor device that includes: a conductor covering a side face of the first insulating film at least near four corners of the semiconductor substrate; and a corrosion resistant conductor formed at least near the four corners of the semiconductor substrate to extend from directly under the second insulating film to directly under the conductor. |
| US08008776B2 |
Chip structure and process for forming the same
A chip structure comprises a substrate, a first built-up layer, a passivation layer and a second built-up layer. The substrate includes many electric devices placed on a surface of the substrate. The first built-up layer is located on the substrate. The first built-up layer is provided with a first dielectric body and a first interconnection scheme, wherein the first interconnection scheme interlaces inside the first dielectric body and is electrically connected to the electric devices. The first interconnection scheme is constructed from first metal layers and plugs, wherein the neighboring first metal layers are electrically connected through the plugs. The passivation layer is disposed on the first built-up layer and is provided with openings exposing the first interconnection scheme. The second built-up layer is formed on the passivation layer. The second built-up layer is provided with a second dielectric body and a second interconnection scheme, wherein the second interconnection scheme interlaces inside the second dielectric body and is electrically connected to the first interconnection scheme. The second interconnection scheme is constructed from at least one second metal layer and at least one via metal filler, wherein the second metal layer is electrically connected to the via metal filler. The thickness, width, and cross-sectional area of the traces of the second metal layer are respectively larger than those of the first metal layers. |
| US08008767B2 |
Semiconductor device
The invention offers technology for suppressing damage to semiconductor devices due to temperature changes. When flip-chip mounting a silicon chip on a buildup type multilayer substrate having a structure with a thinned core, a core having a small coefficient of thermal expansion is used in the multilayer substrate, and the coefficient of thermal expansion and glass transition point of the underfill are appropriately designed in accordance with the thickness and coefficient of thermal expansion of the core. By doing so, it is possible to relieve stresses inside the semiconductor package caused by deformation of the multilayer substrate due to temperature changes, and thereby to suppress damage to the semiconductor package due to temperature changes. |
| US08008766B2 |
Stacked semiconductor module
A stacked semiconductor module is made by stacking a second semiconductor device having a second semiconductor chip mounted to the top surface of a second semiconductor substrate above the top surface of a first semiconductor device having a first semiconductor chip mounted to a first semiconductor substrate. The top surface of the first semiconductor substrate is provided with a first connection terminal and the bottom surface of the first semiconductor substrate is provided with an external connection terminal. A region of the bottom surface of the second semiconductor substrate lying opposite to the second semiconductor chip is provided with a second connection terminal. A conductive connecting member connects the first connection terminal to the second connection terminal. |
| US08008765B2 |
Semiconductor package having adhesive layer and method of manufacturing the same
A semiconductor package includes a first substrate comprising a plurality of pads arranged in a first side of the first substrate, a plurality of first semiconductor chips stacked on the first side of the first substrate and each first semiconductor chip comprising a plurality of chip pads arranged in a first side of respective first semiconductor chips, and a sealant arranged on the first substrate, the sealant sealing the first semiconductor chips, wherein at least one of the first semiconductor chips comprises a plurality of redistribution pads arranged in the first side of the at least one semiconductor chip, and a plurality of adhesive layers having portions exposed by the sealant, each adhesive layer is disposed on respective redistribution pads. |
| US08008764B2 |
Bridges for interconnecting interposers in multi-chip integrated circuits
A structure and a method for forming the same. The structure includes a substrate, a first interposer on the substrate, a second interposer on the substrate, and a first bridge. The first and second interposers are electrically connected to the substrate. The first bridge is electrically connected to the first and second interposers. |
| US08008762B2 |
Methods of fabrication of package assemblies for optically interactive electronic devices and package assemblies therefor
Packaging assemblies for optically interactive devices and methods of forming the packaging assemblies in an efficient manner that eliminates or reduces the occurrence of process contaminants. In a first embodiment, a transparent cover is attached to a wafer of semiconductor material containing a plurality of optically interactive devices. The wafer is singulated, and the optically interactive devices are mounted on an interposer and electrically connected with wire bonds. In a second embodiment, the optically interactive devices are electrically connected to the interposer with back side conductive elements. In a third embodiment, the optically interactive devices are mounted to the interposer prior to attaching a transparent cover. A layer of encapsulant material is formed over the interposer, and the interposer and encapsulant material are cut to provide individual packaging assemblies. In a fourth embodiment, the optically interactive devices are mounted in a preformed leadless chip carrier. |
| US08008756B2 |
Heat dissipating wiring board and method for manufacturing same
A heat dissipating wiring board includes a metal wiring plate with a circuit pattern formed therein, a filler containing resin layer embedded with the metal wiring plate such that a top surface of the metal wiring plate is exposed, and a heat dissipating plate arranged on an under surface of the filler containing resin layer. The circuit pattern is formed of a through groove provided in the metal wiring plate. The through groove includes a fine groove that opens at the top surface of the metal wiring plate and an expanded groove that expands from a lower end of the fine groove toward the under surface of the metal wiring plate. The heat dissipating wiring board is capable of improving reliability against electric insulation due to dust or the like in a space of the through groove. |
| US08008755B2 |
Mold for forming molding member and method of manufacturing LED package using the same
Provided is a method of manufacturing a light emitting diode (LED) package, the method including the steps of: preparing a package substrate having an LED chip mounted thereon; preparing a mold which has a convex portion, a plane portion extending outward from the convex portion, and a projecting portion formed on the lower surface of the plane portion, the projecting portion having a sharp end; engaging the mold with the package substrate such that the projecting portion is contacted with the surface of the package substrate; and filling transparent resin into the convex portion. |
| US08008752B2 |
Component for an information display device
A component for an information display device has a transparent substrate having a surface that has a first refractive index. The surface is selectively coated in a pattern comprising a transparent electrically conductive layer disposed at least at a first region of the surface and at a second region of the surface. The first region of the surface is separated from the second region by a third region that is devoid of the transparent conductive layer. The transparent conductive layer has a second refractive index that is higher than the first refractive index. The first, second and third regions are commonly overcoated with a transparent layer comprising non-conductive nanoparticles, the overcoating layer being disposed over the transparent conductive layer at the first and second regions and also disposed over the third region that is devoid of the transparent conductive layer. The refractive index of the layer comprising nanoparticles is higher than the first refractive index. |
| US08008747B2 |
High power and high temperature semiconductor power devices protected by non-uniform ballasted sources
This invention discloses a semiconductor power device disposed on a semiconductor substrate supporting an epitaxial layer as a drift region composed of an epitaxial layer. The semiconductor power device further includes a super-junction structure includes a plurality of doped sidewall columns disposed in a multiple of epitaxial layers. The epitaxial layer have a plurality of trenches opened and filled with the multiple epitaxial layer therein with the doped columns disposed along sidewalls of the trenches disposed in the multiple of epitaxial layers. |
| US08008745B2 |
Latch circuits and operation circuits having scalable nonvolatile nanotube switches as electronic fuse replacement elements
A non-volatile latch circuit is provided. The non-volatile latch circuit includes a nanotube switching element capable of switching between resistance states and non-volatilely retaining the resistance state. The non-volatile latch circuit includes a volatile latch circuit is capable of receiving and volatilely storing a logic state. When the nanotube switching element is a resistance state, the volatile latch circuit retains a corresponding logic state and outputs that corresponding logic state at an output terminal. A non-volatile register file configuration circuit for use with a plurality of non-volatile register files is also provided. The non-volatile register file configuration circuit includes a selection circuitry and a plurality of nanotube fuse elements, each in electrical communication with one of a plurality of non-volatile register files. The selection circuitry is capable of applying electrical stimulus to each of the selected nanotube fuse elements to selectively bypass the corresponding register file. |
| US08008743B2 |
Vapor deposition of silicon dioxide nanolaminates
This invention relates to materials and processes for thin film deposition on solid substrates. Silica/alumina nanolaminates were deposited on heated substrates by the reaction of an aluminum-containing compound with a silanol. The nanolaminates have very uniform thickness and excellent step coverage in holes with aspect ratios over 40:1. The films are transparent and good electrical insulators. This invention also relates to materials and processes for producing improved porous dielectric materials used in the insulation of electrical conductors in microelectronic devices, particularly through materials and processes for producing semi-porous dielectric materials wherein surface porosity is significantly reduced or removed while internal porosity is preserved to maintain a desired low-k value for the overall dielectric material. The invention can also be used to selectively fill narrow trenches with low-k dielectric material while at the same time avoiding deposition of any dielectric on the surface area outside of the trenches. |
| US08008741B2 |
Photodiode array
A photodiode array 1 has a plurality of photodetector channels 10 which are formed on an n-type substrate 2 having an n-type semiconductor layer 12, with a light to be detected being incident to the plurality of photodetector channels 10. The photodiode array 1 comprises: a p−-type semiconductor layer 13 formed on the n-type semiconductor layer 12 of the substrate 2; resistors 4 each of which is provided to each of the photodetector channels 10 and is connected to a signal conductor 3 at one end thereof; and an n-type separating part 20 formed between the plurality of photodetector channels 10. The p−-type semiconductor layer 13 forms a pn junction at the interface between the substrate 2, and comprises a plurality of multiplication regions AM for avalanche multiplication of carriers produced by the incidence of the light to be detected so that each of the multiplication regions corresponds to each of the photodetector channels. The separating part 20 is formed so that each of the multiplication regions AM of the p−-type semiconductor layer 13 corresponds to each of the photodetector channels 10. |
| US08008739B2 |
Microelectromechanical apparatus and method for producing the same
A microelectromechanical apparatus (X) includes a microelectromechanical component (10), an insulating substrate (21), a through via (22c) disposed in the insulating substrate (21), a sealing member (30) and a conductive connecting member (40). The microelectromechanical device (10) has a semiconductor substrate (11), a microelectromechanical system (12) and an electrode (13) electrically connected to the microelectromechanical system (12). The sealing member (30) is made of glass, is disposed so as to enclose the microelectromechanical system (12) between the semiconductor substrate (11) and the insulating substrate (21), and hermetically seals the microelectromechanical system (12). The conductive connecting member (40) electrically connects the electrode (13) and an end of the through via (22c), at a position spaced away from the sealing member (30). |
| US08008732B2 |
Semiconductor memory and method of manufacturing the same
A semiconductor memory includes a plurality of stripe-like active areas formed by stacking, in a direction perpendicular to a substrate, a plurality of layers extending parallel to the substrate, a first gate electrode formed on first side surfaces of the active areas, the first side surfaces being perpendicular to the substrate, a second gate electrode formed on second side surfaces of the active areas, the second side surfaces being perpendicular to the substrate. The layers are patterned in self-alignment with each other, intersections of the active areas and the first gate electrode form a plurality of memory cells, and the plurality of memory cells in an intersecting plane share the first gate electrode. |
| US08008728B2 |
Semiconductor device and manufacturing method of semiconductor device
In one aspect of the present invention, a semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate; an element isolation region provided in the semiconductor substrate and having an oxide layer and an oxidant-diffusion prevention layer provided on the oxide layer; a gate dielectric film provided on the semiconductor substrate and the oxidant-diffusion prevention layer; and a gate electrode provided on the gate dielectric film. |
| US08008720B2 |
Transistor structure having a conductive layer formed contiguous in a single deposition
A semiconductor device is formed having a pedestal. The pedestal includes at least two dielectric layers. The pedestal has a sidewall and a major surface. A conductive layer is formed overlying the pedestal. A vertical portion of the conductive layer adjacent to the sidewall of the pedestal is a gate of the transistor. The portion of the conductive layer overlying the major surface can be used as interconnect. The gate and gate interconnect are contiguous and formed in a single process. A conductive shield layer may be integrated into the pedestal. The conductive shield layer functions as a faraday shield that reduces gate to drain capacitance of the device. |
| US08008718B2 |
Semiconductor device and production method thereof
The semiconductor device of the present invention is a semiconductor device including P-type and N-type thin film transistors, at least one of the N-type thin film transistors having an off-set gate structure, at least one of the P-type thin film transistors having a LDD structure, wherein a P-type high concentration impurity layer for forming the at least one P-type thin film transistor is formed on the semiconductor layer in a region other than a region below a gate electrode and a sidewall spacer and contains a higher concentration of a P-type impurity together with an impurity contained in an N-type low concentration impurity layer and an N-type high concentration impurity layer for forming the N type thin film transistor. |
| US08008712B2 |
Metallization and its use in, in particular, an IGBT or a diode
The invention relates to a metallization for an IGBT or a diode. In the case of this metallization, a copper layer (10, 12) having a layer thickness of approximately 50 μm is applied to the front side and/or rear side of a semiconductor body (1) directly or if need be via a diffusion barrier layer (13, 14). The layer (8, 12) has a specific heat capacity that is at least a factor of 2 higher than the specific heat capacity of the semiconductor body (1). It simultaneously serves for producing a field stop layer (5) by proton implantation through the layer (12) from the rear side and for masking a proton or helium implantation for the purpose of charge carrier lifetime reduction from the front side of the chip (1). |
| US08008711B2 |
Insulated gate transistor incorporating diode
A p-type base layer shaped like a well is formed for each of IGBT cells, and a p+-type collector layer and an n+-type cathode layer are formed on a surface opposite to a surface on which the p-type base layer is formed so as to be situated just below the p-type base layer. The p-type base layer of each of the IGBT cells includes a flat region including an emitter region and a bottom surface penetrated by a main trench, and first and second side diffusion regions between which the flat region is interposed. The first side diffusion region is situated just above the n+-type cathode layer and each of the bottom surfaces of the side diffusion regions forms a parabola-shaped smooth curve in longitudinal section. By replacing the p+-type collector layer with the n+-type cathode layer, it is possible to apply features of the above structure to a power MOSFET. |
| US08008710B2 |
Non-volatile semiconductor storage device
A memory string has a semiconductor layer with a joining portion that is formed to join a plurality of columnar portions extending in a vertical direction with respect to a substrate and lower ends of the plurality of columnar portions. First conductive layers are formed in a laminated fashion to surround side surfaces of the columnar portions and an electric charge storage layer, and function as control electrodes of memory cells. A second conductive layer is formed around the plurality of columnar portions via a gate insulation film, and functions as control electrodes of selection transistors. Bit lines are formed to be connected to the plurality of columnar portions, respectively, with a second direction orthogonal to a first direction taken as a longitudinal direction. |
| US08008709B2 |
NROM fabrication method
A method of fabricating an oxide-nitride-oxide (ONO) layer in a memory cell to retain charge well in the nitride layer includes the steps of forming a bottom oxide layer on a substrate, depositing a nitride layer and oxidizing a top oxide layer, thereby causing oxygen to be introduced into the nitride layer. Another method includes the steps of forming a bottom oxide layer on a substrate, depositing a nitride layer and oxidizing a portion of a top oxide layer, thereby causing oxygen to be introduced into the nitride layer and depositing a remaining portion of the top oxide layer, thereby assisting in controlling the amount of oxygen introduced into the nitride layer. A further method includes the steps of forming a bottom oxide layer on a substrate, depositing a nitride layer, depositing a portion of a top oxide layer and oxidizing a remaining portion of the top oxide layer, thereby causing oxygen to be introduced into the nitride layer. |
| US08008706B2 |
Non-volatile memory cell and non-volatile memory cell array with minimized influence from neighboring cells
The present invention relates to a non-volatile memory cell and a method of fabricating the same. The non-volatile memory cell according to the present invention comprises a substrate, a first oxide film formed over an active region of the substrate, a source and drain formed within the active region, a charge storage unit formed on the first oxide film, a second oxide film configured to surround the charge storage unit and formed on the first oxide film, and a gate formed to surround the second oxide film. According to the non-volatile memory cell and a cell array including the same in accordance with the present invention, the charge storage unit is fully surrounded by the gate or the gate line, thus a disturbance phenomenon that may occur due to the memory operation of cells formed in other neighboring gate or gate line can be minimized. |
| US08008705B2 |
Semiconductor storage device and method of manufacturing same
Disclosed is a semiconductor storage device having a trench around a bit-line diffusion region in an area of a p-well, which constitutes a memory cell area, that is not covered by a word line and a select gate that intersects the word line. An insulating film is buried in the trench. |
| US08008704B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and method of manufacturing the same
To reduce capacitance between each adjacent two word lines in a semiconductor memory device, a first insulating film is formed, with a first gate insulating film thereunder, in an interstice between gates respectively of each adjacent two memory transistors, and in an interstice between a gate of a selective transistor and a gate of a memory transistor adjacent thereto. Additionally, a second insulating film is formed on the first insulating film, sides of the gate of each memory transistor, and a side, facing the memory transistor, of the gate of the selective transistor. A third insulating film is formed parallel to a semiconductor substrate so as to cover a metal silicide film, the first and second insulating films and fourth and fifth insulating films. A void part is provided in the interstice between each adjacent two gates of the memory transistors, and in the interstice between the gate of the selective transistor and the gate of the memory transistor adjacent thereto. A bottom and two sides of each void part are shielded by the second insulating film, and a top of each void part is shielded by the third insulating film. |
| US08008703B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device with twin-well
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a first well of a first conductivity type, which is formed in a semiconductor substrate of the first conductivity type, a plurality of memory cell transistors that are formed in the first well, a second well of a second conductivity type, which includes a first part that surrounds a side region of the first well and a second part that surrounds a lower region of the first well, and electrically isolates the first well from the semiconductor substrate, and a third well of the second conductivity type, which is formed in the semiconductor substrate. The third well has a less depth than the second part of the second well. |
| US08008701B2 |
Method of making a floating gate non-volatile MOS semiconductor memory device with improved capacitive coupling and device thus obtained
A method of making a non-volatile MOS semiconductor memory device includes a formation phase, in a semiconductor material substrate, of isolation regions filled by field oxide and of memory cells separated each other by said isolation regions The memory cells include an electrically active region surmounted by a gate electrode electrically isolated from the semiconductor material substrate by a first dielectric layer; the gate electrode includes a floating gate defined simultaneously to the active electrically region. A formation phase of said floating gate exhibiting a substantially saddle shape including a concavity is proposed. |
| US08008699B2 |
Semiconductor device with circuit for reduced parasitic inductance
Parasitic inductance of the main circuit of a power source unit is reduced. In a non-insulated DC-DC converter having a circuit in which a power MOSFET for high side switch and a power MOSFET for low side switch are connected in series, the power MOSFET for high side switch and the power MOSFET for low side switch are formed of n-channel vertical MOSFETs, and a source electrode of the power MOSFET for high side switch and a drain electrode of the power MOSFET for low side switch are electrically connected via the same die pad. |
| US08008697B2 |
Solid-state imaging device and driving method therefor
A solid-state imaging device in which the potential of a signal line, which is obtained before a pixel has an operating period, is fixed to an intermediate potential between a first power-supply potential and a second power-supply potential. |
| US08008693B2 |
Semiconductor thin film and method of manufacturing the same and semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
A thin film semiconductor transistor structure has a substrate with a dielectric surface, and an active layer made of a semiconductor thin film exhibiting a crystallinity as equivalent to the single-crystalline. To fabricate the transistor, the semiconductor thin film is formed on the substrate, which film includes a mixture of a plurality of crystals which may be columnar crystals and/or capillary crystal substantially parallel to the substrate. The resultant structure is then subject to thermal oxidation in a chosen atmosphere containing halogen, thereby removing away any metallic element as contained in the film. This may enable formation of a mono-domain region in which the individual columnar or capillary crystal is in contact with any adjacent crystals and which is capable of being substantially deemed to be a single-crystalline region without presence or inclusion of any crystal grain boundaries therein. This region is for use in forming the active layer of the transistor. |
| US08008683B2 |
Semiconductor light emitting device
The present invention provides a semiconductor light emitting device including a conductive substrate, a first electrode layer, an insulating layer, a second electrode layer, a second semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a first semiconductor layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein an area where the first electrode layer and the first semiconductor layer are in contact with each other is 3 to 13% of an area of the semiconductor light emitting device. |
| US08008680B2 |
Light-emitting diode device and manufacturing method thereof
A light-emitting diode (LED) device and manufacturing methods thereof are provided, wherein the LED device comprises a substrate, a first type conductivity semiconductor layer, an active layer, a second type conductivity semiconductor layer, a transparent conductive oxide stack structure, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first semiconductor layer on the substrate has a first portion and a second portion. The active layer and the second semiconductor layer are subsequently set on the first portion. The transparent conductive oxide stack structure on the second semiconductor layer has at least two resistant interfaces. The first electrode is above the second portion, and the second electrode is above the transparent conductive oxide stack structure. |
| US08008678B2 |
Light-emitting diode with increased light extraction
Methods are disclosed for forming a vertical semiconductor light-emitting diode (VLED) device having an active layer between an n-doped layer and a p-doped layer; and securing a plurality of balls on a surface of the n-doped layer of the VLED device. |
| US08008669B2 |
Programmable anti-fuse structure with DLC dielectric layer
In one embodiment an anti-fuse structure is provided that includes a first dielectric material having at least a first anti-fuse region and a second anti-fuse region, wherein at least one of the anti-fuse regions includes a conductive region embedded within the first dielectric material. The anti-fuse structure further includes a first diamond like carbon layer having a first conductivity located on at least the first dielectric material in the first anti-fuse region and a second diamond like carbon layer having a second conductivity located on at least the first dielectric material in the second anti-fuse region. In this embodiment, the second conductivity is different from the first conductivity and the first diamond like carbon layer and the second diamond like carbon layer have the same thickness. The anti-fuse structure also includes a second dielectric material located atop the first and second diamond like carbon layers. The second dielectric material includes at least one conductively filled region embedded therein. |
| US08008667B2 |
Semiconductor device including a transparent semiconductor layer for viewing an underlying transistor in a semiconductor substrate
A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor layer and a first semiconductor element located in the first semiconductor layer. The semiconductor device also includes a second semiconductor layer of a transparent semiconductor material. The second semiconductor layer is disposed on the first semiconductor layer covering the first semiconductor element. The semiconductor device also includes a second semiconductor element located in the second semiconductor layer. The semiconductor device also includes a wire extending within the second semiconductor layer and electrically connecting the first and second semiconductor elements. |
| US08008657B2 |
Compound for organic electroluminescent device and organic electroluminescent device
Disclosed are an organic electroluminescent device (organic EL device) which is improved in luminous efficiency, fully secured of driving stability, and of simple constitution and a compound useful for the fabrication of said organic EL device. The compound for the organic EL device has an indolocarbazole structure or a structure similar thereto in the molecule wherein an aromatic group is bonded to the nitrogen atom in the indolocarbazole. The organic EL device has a light-emitting layer disposed between an anode and a cathode piled one upon another on a substrate and said light-emitting layer comprises a phosphorescent dopant and the aforementioned compound for an organic electroluminescent device as a host material. |
| US08008655B2 |
Nitride compound semiconductor device including organic semiconductor layer under gate electrode
A nitride compound semiconductor device includes a semiconductor layer including a group III nitride compound semiconductor, source and drain electrodes provided on the semiconductor layer, an insulating film provided on the semiconductor layer between the source electrode and the drain electrode, an organic semiconductor layer in contact with the semiconductor layer at an opening provided for the insulating film, and a gate electrode provided on the organic conductive layer at the opening. |
| US08008654B2 |
Thin-film transistor device and a method for manufacturing the same
A method of manufacturing a thin-film transistor device improves performance of a complementary TFT circuit incorporated in a thin- and light-weighted image display device or a flexible electronic device, and reduces power consumption manufacturing cost. Electrodes forming n-type and p-type TFTs and an organic semiconductor are made of the same material in both types of TFT by a solution-process and/or printable process method. A first polarizable thin-film is formed on an interface between a gate insulator and a semiconductor, and a second polarizable thin film provided on an interface between source and drain electrodes and the semiconductor film. A complementary thin-film transistor device is manufactured by selectively exposing either the n-type TFT area or the p-type TFT area to light to remove the polarizing function from the first and second polarizable thin films. |
| US08008653B2 |
Resistive organic memory device and fabrication method thereof
Disclosed herein are an organic memory device and a method for fabricating the memory device. The organic memory device may include a first electrode, a second electrode and an organic active layer between first and second electrodes, wherein the organic active layer is formed of a mixture of a conductive polymer and a metallocene compound. Because the organic memory device possesses decreased switching time, decreased operating voltage, decreased fabrication costs and increased reliability, the organic memory device may be used as a highly integrated large-capacity memory device. |
| US08008652B2 |
Light emitting device
An object of the present invention is to provide a light emitting element or a light emitting device that can be formed without any regard for a work function of an electrode. Another object of the invention is to provide a light emitting element or a light emitting device in that the range of choice for a material of an electrode can be widened. In an aspect of the invention, a light emitting device includes first, second and third layers between mutually-facing first and second electrodes. The first layer has a donor level. The second layer is a single layer or a laminated body containing a light emitting substance. The third layer has an acceptor level. When a potential of the second electrode is set higher than that of the first electrode, holes generated in the second layer are injected in the third layer. |
| US08008649B2 |
Incorporating gate control over a resonant tunneling structure in CMOS to reduce off-state current leakage, supply voltage and power consumption
A semiconductor device and method for fabricating a semiconductor device incorporating gate control over a resonant tunneling structure. The semiconductor device includes a source terminal, a gate terminal, a drain terminal, and a resonant tunneling structure located beneath or adjacent to the gate terminal, where the gate terminal controls an electrostatic potential drop through the resonant tunneling structure as well as controlling a potential within a portion of the conduction channel immediately beneath the gate terminal as in a MOSFET. The semiconductor device is fabricated by growing epitaxial layers of tunnel barriers and quantum wells, where a quantum well is formed between each set of two tunneling barriers. Additionally, the epitaxial layers of tunnel barriers and quantum wells are grown, etched and patterned to form a resonant tunneling structure. Further, the semiconductor device is grown, etched and patterned to form a gate, source and drain electrode. |
| US08008648B2 |
Memristors with insulation elements and methods for fabricating the same
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanoscale memristor devices that provide nonvolatile memristive switching. In one embodiment, a memristor device comprises an active region disposed between a first electrode and a second electrode. The device includes a first insulation element disposed between the first electrode and an outer portion of a first surface of the active region. The first insulation element is configured with one or more opening through which the first electrode makes physical contact with the active region. The device also includes a second insulation element disposed between the second electrode and an outer portion of a second surface of the active region. The second insulation element is configured with one or more opening through which the second electrode makes physical contact with the second surface. |
| US08008646B2 |
Light emitting diode
A light emitting diode is disclosed, wherein the light extraction efficiency of a device can be enhanced by forming patterns on a substrate, a light emitting structure is formed on the substrate formed with the patterns, the substrate is removed from the light emitting structure, and patterns corresponding to those formed on the substrate are formed on the light emitting structure. |
| US08008643B2 |
Phase change memory cell with heater and method for fabricating the same
A memory device with a thin heater forms a programmable resistive change region in a sub-lithographic pillar of programmable resistive change material (“memory material”), where the heater is formed within the pillar between the top electrode and the programmable material. The device includes a dielectric material layer and vertically separated top and bottom electrodes having mutually opposed contact surfaces. A sub-lithographic pillar of memory material, which in a particular embodiment is a chalcogenide, is encased within the dielectric material layer. A heater between the pillar of programmable resistive material and the top electrode forms an active region, or programmable resistive change region, next to the heater when the memory device is programmed or reset. |
| US08008642B2 |
Computed radiography system for mammography
A computed radiography system including a stimulating light source such as a laser, a photostimulable glass imaging plate (PGIP) substantially transparent to the stimulating light positioned such that the stimulating light impinges the PGIP perpendicularly thereto producing photostimulated luminescence light (PLL), a light collector having a light reflecting inner surface proximate the PGIP for collecting PLL emitted from the PGIP and having a hole or slot therein for admitting stimulating light into the light collector and onto the PGIP. An optical filter in communication with the light collector for blocking stimulating light waves and passing PLL therethrough. A light detector receives PLL from the optical filter and the light collector, mechanism providing relative movement between the PGIP and the stimulating light source, and mechanism including an analog to digital converter for converting the collected and detected PLL to a diagnostic readout. The system is particularly useful in mammography. |
| US08008640B2 |
Maxim electron scatter chamber
The present invention includes a system, methods and apparatus for sterilization of an object (e.g., food products). The present invention takes advantage of the electron scatter that occurs when electron beam is applied onto a surface. The present invention is capable of treating irregular surfaces (e.g., carcasses, spherical/round surfaces) or any type of surface where complete penetration is not needed or desired. |
| US08008638B2 |
Ion implantation apparatus and ion implantation method
This ion implantation apparatus is provided with a holding devise which holds the wafer, and which turns it along its circumference. In addition to holding the wafer at a prescribed position, the ion implantation apparatus subjects the wafer to ion implantation in regions where there is partial overlap of its circumference. The holding devise turns and inclines the wafer, and also holds the wafer by three or more holding pins. The side face of the holding pin has an inversely tapered shape, and the multiple holding pins include a first holding pin whose protrusion amount is relatively small, and a second holding pin whose protrusion amount is relatively large. The holding pin which is on the upper side from the center of the wafer in the planar direction of the inclined wafer is the second holding pin, and the angle of inclination of the side face of the second holding pin at a position where ions are implanted into the wafer has an angular degree which is equal to or less than an angle of incidence of the ion beam relative to the wafer. |
| US08008632B2 |
Two-zone ion beam carbon deposition
The invention relates an ion source for ion beam deposition comprising multiple anodes, wherein the ion source deposits multiple zones of a source material and thicknesses of at least two of the multiple zones are different. |
| US08008630B2 |
Ion implantation apparatus and method of correcting deviation angle of ion beam
To increase a transport efficiency of an ion beam by correcting Y-direction diffusion caused by the space charge effect of the ion beam between an ion beam deflector, which separates the ion beam and neutrons from each other, and a target. An ion implantation apparatus has a beam paralleling device that bends an ion beam scanned in an X direction by magnetic field to be parallel and draws a ribbon-shaped ion beam. The beam paralleling device serves also as an ion beam deflector that deflects the ion beam by magnetic field to separates neutrons from the ion beam. In the vicinity of an outlet of the beam paralleling device, there is provided an electric field lens having a plurality of electrodes opposed to each other in a Y direction with a space for passing the ion beam and narrowing the ion beam in the Y direction. |
| US08008629B2 |
Charged particle beam device and method for inspecting specimen
A charged particle beam device is provided. The device includes a primary objective lens for focusing a primary charged particle beam, the primary objective lens defining an optical axis, a specimen stage defining a specimen location area, a deflection unit for deflecting the primary charged particle beam between the primary objective lens and the specimen location area, towards a beam path for impingement on the specimen, wherein the deflection unit is movable with respect to the optical axis. |
| US08008628B2 |
Dental radiology apparatus and signal processing method used therewith
A dental radiology apparatus having: an intraoral sensor comprising a detector that includes an active pixel array produced using biCMOS technology and converting a received x-ray into at least one analog electrical output signal; an electronic module encapsulated in a case and which has at least one detector activation device, the module being linked to the sensor by a wire link for the transmission to said sensor of a detector activation signal generated in the module and for the transmission to the module of said at least one analog electrical output signal, the module having analog-digital means for converting said at least one analog electrical output signal into at least one digital output signal; and a remote processing and display unit of said at least one digital output signal which is linked to the electronic module by a wire link intended to ensure the transmission to the unit of said at least one digital output signal. |
| US08008624B2 |
X-ray detector fabrication methods and apparatus therefrom
A method includes fabricating an energy detector using a sol-gel process. |
| US08008623B2 |
Method for linearizing an energy spectrum of radiation detectors
A method for linearizing a radiation detector is provided, the method including measuring a pulse height spectrum of a predetermined radiation source, identifying at least one spectrum template for the predetermined radiation source, and determining a linearization function by comparing the measured pulse height spectrum with the at least one identified spectrum template. The at least one spectrum template is a predefined synthesized energy spectrum for the predetermined radiation source and for the corresponding radiation detector. Further, a detector for measuring one or more types of radiation is provided, the detector being adapted for transforming the measured pulse height spectrum in an energy-calibrated spectrum, the transformation including a linearization step, where a linearization function used with the linearization step is determined according to the inventive method. |
| US08008621B2 |
Apparatus of measuring the orientation relationship between neighboring grains using a goniometer in a transmission electron microscope and method for revealing the characteristics of grain boundaries
An apparatus and method for measuring the crystallographic orientation relationship of neighboring grains and the characteristics of grain boundaries using a goniometer of a transmission electron microscope are disclosed to check the orientation relationship between two crystals and the characteristics of grain boundaries with a small error in real time. An apparatus for measuring the orientation relationship between neighboring grains and the characteristics of grain boundaries by using a goniometer of a transmission electron stereoscope, the apparatus comprising a goniometer mounted at a transmission electron microscope and a measurement unit for revealing the characteristics of grain boundaries of a specimen by linear-algebraically interpreting the relationship between crystal axes and tilt axes of the specimen using the goniometer. |
| US08008618B2 |
Multipole ion guide for providing an axial electric field whose strength increases with radial position, and a method of operating a multipole ion guide having such an axial electric field
A mass spectrometer having an elongated rod set, the rod set having a first end, a second end, a plurality of rods and a central longitudinal axis is described as is a method operating same. Embodiments involve a) admitting ions into the rod set; b) producing an RF field between the plurality of rods to radially confine the ions in the rod set, wherein the RF field varies along at least a portion of a length of the rod set to provide, for each of the ions, a corresponding first axial force acting on the ion to push the ion in a first axial direction; and, c) for each of the ions, providing a corresponding second axial force to push the ion in a second axial direction opposite to the first axial direction; wherein the corresponding first axial force increases relative to the corresponding second axial force with radial displacement of the ion from the central longitudinal axis in any direction orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis such that the first corresponding axial force is less than the corresponding second axial force when the ion is less than a threshold radial distance from the central longitudinal axis and the corresponding first axial force exceeds the corresponding second axial force when the ion is radially displaced from the central longitudinal axis by more than the threshold radial distance in any direction orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis. |
| US08008615B2 |
Beam power with broadcaster impingement detection
A beam power source transmits a signal indicating power availability, receives a request for power in response, and beams power in response to the request. |
| US08008610B2 |
Illumination light quantity setting method in image measuring instrument
An image measuring instrument includes a camera that images a plurality of measured points based on a preset measuring procedure, and an illumination unit that irradiates the measured points. The image measuring instrument measures a dimension and a shape of a to-be-measured object while the illumination unit irradiates light having illumination light quantity corresponding to an illumination preset value with reference to the illumination preset value that is preliminarily set for every measured point. An illumination light quantity setting method includes a command signal output step that outputs a command signal for irradiating light having the illumination light quantity corresponding to the illumination preset value for every measured point, an offset value assigning step that assigns an offset value to the command signal to be sent to the illumination unit, and a setting step that sets the offset value to be variable. |
| US08008605B2 |
Electronic power control for cooktop heaters
An electronic cook top control system has a cooktop including a heating element. An electronic controller is operatively connected to the cooktop. A rotary position input is operatively connected to the electronic controller. The electronic controller controls a heating level of the cooktop in a first manner in response to rotation of the rotary position input in a first direction. The electronic controller controls the heating level of the cooktop in a second manner in response to rotation of the rotary position input in a second direction. |
| US08008601B2 |
Laser processing method, laser processing apparatus and spring arm manufacturing method
A laser processing method includes the steps of: preparing a long metal object to be irradiated; and irradiating the object with a laser beam at a certain portion in a longitudinal direction of the object. The irradiation is performed along a width direction of the object for both a first half path from one end to the other end of the object in the width direction and a return path from the other end to the one end so that the object can be bent. |
| US08008592B2 |
Side key assembly for portable electronic device
A side key assembly comprises a base plate, a first push button and a second push button. The base plate has an opening defined therein and two opposite sidewalls defined in the opening. The first push button is rotatably assembled to the base in the opening, and the first push button is situated adjacent to one of the sidewalls. The second push button is rotatably assembled to the first push button in the opening and the second push button is situated adjacent to another sidewall. |
| US08008588B2 |
Contact switch
A contact switch includes a case, a first contact provided in the case, a second contact provided in the case, an actuator for causing the first contact to contact the second contact, and an oil-repellent agent applied to at least one of an outer edge of the first contact or an outer edge of the second contact The oil-repellent agent includes a fluorine-based polymer. The switch has a simple structure and connects between the contacts reliably. |
| US08008586B2 |
Mechanically energized mechanical power communication coupling system
A mechanical power coupling system including a mechanical power connector component for communicating a mechanical power service with another mechanical power connector component. A mechanical power service switch is provided for selectively permitting communication of the mechanical power service between the mechanical power connector components. The mechanical power service switch is activated to transfer a mechanical power service from a mechanical power service source to a mechanical power service consumer in response to a proximity sensor engaging a proximity target. |
| US08008579B2 |
Printed circuit board providing heat dissipation
A printed circuit board includes an insulated base sheet, a heat-conducting layer, and a plurality of heat-conducting blocks. The heat-conducting layer is disposed on the insulated base sheet. The heat-conducting blocks are formed on the heat-conducting layer. Each of the heat-conducting blocks is separated from each other. |
| US08008576B2 |
Energy distribution system
An energy distribution system (2) is provided having a metering box (6) having a housing portion (14) and a cover (16), the cover being lockable to the metering box. An energy meter (32) is provided in the metering box with a first connector (34) extending to a wall (20) of the metering box with a connectable portion of the connector extending through an opening (26). Incoming or outgoing cables to or from the power source can be connected to the connector (34), and the connectors (34,36) are lockable to each other where the disconnection of the connectors can only be made by opening the metering box cover (16) and disconnecting the connectors from the inside of the metering box. |
| US08008574B2 |
Photo cell with spaced anti-oxidation member on fluid loop
A fluid tube routes a fluid adjacent to a source of heat to heat the fluid. The heated fluid is passed adjacent to cells which receive infrared radiation from the heated fluid. An anti-corrosion member is positioned on a portion of the tube adjacent to the cells. The anti-corrosion member is spaced from an outer periphery of the tube to provide a chamber between the portion of the tube and the anti-corrosion member. |
| US08008572B2 |
Integrating sphere photovoltaic receiver employing multi-junction cells
A photovoltaic module for converting laser radiation from a laser emitting light at a wavelength to electrical power is provided. The module comprises: (a) a housing having a cavity of generally optimized closed shape inside the housing, the cavity having an internal surface area As and including an opening for admitting the laser radiation into the cavity, the opening having an entrance aperture area Ai that is substantially smaller than As; and (b) a plurality of photovoltaic cells within the cavity, the photovoltaic cells having an energy bandgap to respond to the wavelength and generate the electrical power. |
| US08008568B2 |
Information processing device and method, and recording medium
The present invention relates to an information processing device, an information processing method, and a recording medium for analyzing chord progressions more accurately. A featuring quantity extraction unit 41 extracts respectively a probability of given chords appearing simultaneously, a probability of transition from a given chord to another chord, if the given chord appeared, and a probability of transition of a given chord originating from another chord, if the given chord appeared, from chord progressions of musical compositions by analyzing waveforms of said musical compositions. A chord similarity calculation unit 42 calculates the similarities between the chord progressions of musical compositions and the user-input chord progressions based on those extracted these possibilities. A musical composition retrieving unit 43 retrieves musical composition chord progressions similar to the user-input chord progression based on the calculated similarities. The present invention is applicable to the information processing apparatus. |
| US08008566B2 |
Methods, systems and computer program products for detecting musical notes in an audio signal
Methods, system and/or computer program products for detection of a note include receiving an audio signal and generating a plurality of frequency domain representations of the audio signal over time. A time domain representation is generated from the plurality of frequency domain representations. A plurality of edges are detected in the time domain representation and the note is detected by selecting one of the plurality of edges as corresponding to the note based on characteristics of the time domain representation. |
| US08008565B2 |
Performance apparatus and tone generation method
Plural key switches are arranged in two dimensions along X- and Y-coordinate axes, and an X-coordinate position of each of the key switches is associated with tone generation timing while a Y-coordinate position of each of the key switches is associated with a tone pitch. Storage section stores a music piece data set that includes tone generating data having data of tone pitches and tone generation timing associated with the key switches. In a repeat-section setting mode, a repeat-section setting section causes the plural key switches to function as setting operators and sets a repeat section of the music piece data set on the basis of the X-coordinate position of any operated one of the key switches. In reproduction of the stored music piece data set, a reproduction section repetitively reproduces the tone generating data of the music piece data set which are included in the set repeat section. |
| US08008563B1 |
Electronic circuit driven, inter-active, plural sensory stimuli apparatus and comprehensive method to teach, with no instructor present, beginners as young as two years old to play a piano/keyboard type musical instrument and to read and correctly respond to standard music notation for said instruments
Electronic circuit controlled inter-active multi sensory prompting and monitoring musical keyboard instrument for teaching user—as young as two years old—how to play keyboard instrument without instructor assistance. Instrument comprised of black and white keys arranged in conventional order, made of suitable translucent material that can be illuminated by lights such as LEDs. Indicated child size right-hand and left-hand palms and fingers defined by shapes, each shape made wholly or partly from suitable colored and transparent material in order to function as a colored lens illuminated by light placed underneath each shape. Fitted with integrated vibration mechanism capable of vibrating each individual finger shape or key singly or jointly. Includes flat panel display screen capable of providing related musical instruction. Electronic circuit outputs to user audio instruction coupled with appropriate functions by components to develop the skill of playing instrument, reading and responding to standard musical notation. |
| US08008559B1 |
Tremolo block
A tremolo assembly includes a metallic block having an upper end near a pivoting mounting point. The lower end of the block depends downwardly into a space within a guitar body. The tremolo block has a proportionately greater mass near the lower end relative to the upper end that enhances the “vibrato” effect of the tremolo assembly. |
| US08008556B1 |
Inbred corn line NPFX8091
Basically, this invention provides for an inbred corn line designated NPFX8091, methods for producing a corn plant by crossing plants of the inbred line NPFX8091, with plants of another corn plant. The invention relates to the various parts of inbred NPFX8091, including culturable cells. This invention also relates to methods for introducing transgenic transgenes into inbred corn line NPFX8091, and plants produced by said methods. |
| US08008555B1 |
Maize variety hybrid 10139630
A novel maize variety designated 10139630 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing maize variety 10139630 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into 10139630 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety 10139630, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety 10139630. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety 10139630. |
| US08008553B2 |
Sweet pepper line SBY28-1223
The invention provides seed and plants of the pepper line designated SBY28-1223. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of pepper line SBY28-1223, and to methods for producing a pepper plant produced by crossing a plant of pepper line SBY28-1223 with itself or with another pepper plant, such as a plant of another line. The invention further relates to seeds and plants produced by such crossing. The invention further relates to parts of a plant of pepper line SBY28-1223, including the fruit and gametes of such plants. |
| US08008549B2 |
Soybean variety D5568543
The invention relates to the soybean variety designated D5568543. Provided by the invention are the seeds, plants and derivatives of the soybean variety D5568543. Also provided by the invention are tissue cultures of the soybean variety D5568543 and the plants regenerated therefrom. Still further provided by the invention are methods for producing soybean plants by crossing the soybean variety D5568543 with itself or another soybean variety and plants produced by such methods. |
| US08008546B2 |
Transgenic aloe plants for production of proteins and related methods
The present inventions provide transgenic aloe plants and recombinant constructs for transforming aloe plants, aspects of which, may be applied to other monocots. The recombinant constructs may include one or more DNA sequences encoding mammalian proteins and at least one promoter capable of directing the expression of recombinant proteins in an aloe plant. The present inventions also provide methods for constructing and reproducing a transgenic aloe plant. The present inventions include methods for transfection of an aloe plant with several genes of interest simultaneously. The aloe plant production methods of the inventions may provide the potential to inexpensively and more safely mass-produce some biologically active compounds including biopharmaceuticals for disease therapy, diagnosis and prevention, and is more accessible to the less affluent countries. The aloe plant production methods may also produce proteins for cosmetics. |
| US08008545B2 |
Process for the production of fine chemicals
The present invention relates to a process for the production of fine chemicals in a microorganism, a plant cell, a plant, a plant tissue or parts thereof by increasing or generating the biological activity of a ras-Like GTPase or the homologues thereof and growing the organism under conditions which permit the production of the fine chemicals in the organism. Preferred fine chemicals produced by the present invention include amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, fatty acids, and carotenoids. |
| US08008543B2 |
Modification of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants by PAP1
The present invention relates to nucleic acids encoding flavonoid biosynthetic enzymes, more particularly flavonoid biosynthesis-regulating transcription factors, and the use thereof for the modification of flavonoid biosynthesis in plants. The present invention also relates to constructs and vectors including such nucleic acids, and related polypeptides. More particularly, the present invention relates to a PURPLE ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT 1 (PAP1) or PAP1-like transcription factor. |
| US08008538B2 |
Mechanical barrier in wound healing
The present invention relates to an implantable, disposable barrier disc to be used in negative pressure treatment of wounds, in particular sternotomy wounds, wherein the barrier disc consists of a rigid material withstanding a negative pressure of at least −50 mmHg without causing deformation to the barrier disc, and that the barrier disc is perforated to allow drainage of wound fluid through said barrier disc. |
| US08008536B2 |
Simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process for handling multiple feedstocks
An improved process for the production capacity and feedstock handling flexibility of a simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process by introducing a second feed stream to the adsorbent chamber comprising a feed material of a different concentration of the desired compound than the concentration of the desired compound in the first feed material stream. The introduction of this second feed material stream may be performed at any location on the adsorbent chamber between (i) a transfer point located immediately upstream of the point of the raffinate material stream withdrawal from the adsorbent chamber to (ii) a transfer point located immediately downstream of the point of extract material stream withdrawal from the adsorbent chamber. A recycle stream may be introduced into the system at a location having a concentration similar to the concentration of the first feed material stream. |
| US08008531B2 |
Compounds and methods of arylmethylation (benzylation) as protection for alcohol groups during chemical synthesis
A process for benzylating an alcohol includes mixing 2-benzyloxy-1-methylpyridinium triflate in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent having a predetermined boiling point; adding an acid scavenger to the mixture; combining the alcohol to be benzylated with the mixture; reacting the alcohol with the 2-benzyloxy-1-methylpyridinium triflate by heating above ambient temperature to generate the benzylated alcohol; and separating the benzylated alcohol from the mixture. |
| US08008526B2 |
Synthesis reaction catalyst and method of synthesizing compound using the same
To improve a catalytic activity of a composite oxide, to carry out a reaction in a high yield, and to provide a synthesis reaction catalyst having excellent handling properties and a method of a synthesizing a compound using the same, a synthesis reaction catalyst containing a palladium-containing perovskite-type composite oxide having a specific surface area of 0.5 to 9.5 m2/g is used in Suzuki Cross-Couplings given by the following general scheme (14). |
| US08008523B2 |
Process for preparing high purity monocarboxylic perfluoropolyethers
A process for preparing monocarboxylic perfluoropolyethers of formula: A-O—(RF)z—(CFY)t—C(O)OX (I) wherein: X is H, C1-C10 alkyl, or an aryl group; Y=F, CF3; t=1, 2 or 3; A is a C1-C4 perfluoroalkyl end group; z=0 or 1; RF is a perfluorooxyalkylene chain; having a number average molecular weight in the range 180-8,000; comprising the following steps: a) one or more distillations of perfluoropolyethers (PFPE) of formula T-O—(RF)z-T′ (II) wherein: z and RF are as above defined; T, T′, equal to or different from each other, are selected from acyl fluoride or carbonyl-containing functional end groups and non functional end groups to obtain one PFPE fraction of formula (II) wherein the difference between the minimum and the maximum molecular weight of the components is lower than or equal to 600; b) partial fluorination of the fraction obtained in a); c) esterification c1) and/or hydrolysis c2) of the mixture obtained in b); d) distillation of the product obtained in c2) or in c1). |
| US08008522B2 |
Phosphonate fluorescent dyes and conjugates
Reagents are provided for the introduction of phosphonate groups into fluorescent dyes. Methods are also provided for preparing dye conjugates. |
| US08008520B2 |
Process for the preparation of thiocarboxylate silane
An aqueous process is described in which thiocarboxylate silane is produced from haloalkyl silane by reaction of the haloalkyl silane with an aqueous solution of thiocarboxylate salt. Also described is a process for the preparation of aqueous thiocarboxylate salt from a sulfide and/or hydrosulfide and an acid chloride and/or acid anhydride. |
| US08008507B2 |
Fluorescent diketopyrrolopyrroles
The present invention relates to fluorescent diketopyrrolopyrroles of the formula (I), or (III), a process for their preparation and their use for the preparation of inks, colorants, pigmented plastics for coatings, non-impact-printing material, color filters, cosmetics, polymeric ink particles, toners, as fluorescent tracers, in color changing media, in solid dye lasers, EL lasers and electroluminescent devices. A luminescent device comprising a compound, or composition according to the present invention is high in the efficiency of electrical energy utilization and high in luminance. |
| US08008505B2 |
Indazole or 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-indazole derivatives
This invention relates to novel indazole or 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-indazole derivatives of formula I wherein R1 to R8 are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as physiologically acceptable salts thereof. These compounds are FXR modulators and can be used as medicaments. |
| US08008503B2 |
Methyl-benzimidazole derivatives
The invention is concerned with novel substituted benzimidazole derivatives of formula (I) wherein R1 to R10 are as defined in the description and in the claims, as well as physiologically acceptable salts and esters thereof. These compounds can be used as medicaments. |
| US08008502B2 |
Thiazoline acid derivatives
The present invention relates to novel thiazoline acids and derivatives thereof useful as chelators of trivalent metals in therapeutic applications. For example, the thiazoline acid derivatives are useful in diagnosing and treating pathological conditions associated with an excess of trivalent metals in humans and animals. |
| US08008497B2 |
1,2-dihydroquinoline derivative having (substituted phenyl or substituted heterocyclic) carbonyloxy lower alkyl group and ester-introduced phenyl group as substituents
The compounds represented in general formula (1) and a salt thereof are useful for glucocorticoid receptor modulator. The R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R3 and R4 may be the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R6 represents a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxy group, a lower alkoxy group, a nitro group or a cyano group; X represents —C(O)—, —C(O)NR8—, —S(O)2— and the like; R7 and/or R8 may be the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, a lower alkoxy group which may have a substituent and the like; Y represents a lower alkylene group; Z represents a benzene ring or a heterocyclic ring; and P represents 0, 1, 2 or 3. |
| US08008496B2 |
1,2-dihydroquinoline derivative having substituted phenylchalcogeno lower alkyl group and ester-introduced phenyl group as substituents
The compounds represented in general formula (1) and a salt thereof are useful for glucocorticoid receptor modulator. The R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R3 and R4 may be the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R6 represents a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a hydroxy group, a lower alkoxy group or a nitro group; X represents —C(O)—, —C(O)NR8—, —S(O)2— and the like; R7 and/or R8 may be the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, a lower alkoxy group which may have a substituent and the like; Y represents a lower alkylene group; Z represents a chalcogen atom; and P represents 0, 1, 2 or 3. |
| US08008490B2 |
Polymorphic forms of aripiprazole and method
The present invention relates to novel polymorphic forms of aripiprazole and processes for producing them. It further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the novel forms and to the use of the novel forms in the treatment of schizophrenia. |
| US08008489B2 |
Quinoxaline derivative, and light-emitting element, light-emitting device, electronic device using the quinoxaline derivative
It is an object to provide a novel bipolar organic compound. In particular, it is an object to provide a bipolar organic compound excellent in thermal stability. Further, it is another object to provide a bipolar organic compound which is electrochemically stable. A quinoxaline derivative represented by a general formula (1) is provided. Further, since the quinoxaline derivative represented by the general formula (1) is bipolar, the use of the quinoxaline derivative of the present invention allows fabrication of a light-emitting element and a light-emitting device with a low driving voltage and low power consumption. Furthermore, a light-emitting element with high luminous efficiency can be obtained. |
| US08008486B2 |
Process for the manufacture of a crystalline pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine compound
The present invention relates to a novel process for the industrial manufacture of polymorph B of N-{2-Fluoro-5-[3-(thiophene-2-carbonyl)-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl]-phenyl}-N-methyl-acetamide. |
| US08008485B2 |
Process for producing 2,3-dihydropyridazine compound
A process for producing a 2,3-dihydropyridazine compound represented by the formula (2): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or atoms, an alkenyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or atoms, an alkoxy group which may be substituted with a halogen atom or atoms, an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfenyl group, an alkylsulfonyl group or a dialkylamino group; which comprises reacting a salt consisting of bromoacetic acid and an amine compound with a pyridazine compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1, R2 and R3 are the same meanings as defined above. |
| US08008483B2 |
sEH inhibitors and their use
The invention is directed to novel sEH inhibitors and their use in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme. Specifically, the invention is directed to compounds according to Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R5a, R6a A, B, Y, x, and m are defined below, and to pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of the invention are sEH inhibitors and can be used in the treatment of diseases mediated by the sEH enzyme, such as hypertension. Accordingly, the invention is further directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of the invention. The invention is still further directed to methods of inhibiting sEH and treatment of conditions associated therewith using a compound of the invention or a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of the invention. |
| US08008478B2 |
Process for the preparation of cefixime
The present invention provides an improved process for the preparation of Cefixime of formula (I), a cephalosporine antibiotic with an improved quality in regard to color and solubility. This process includes: (i) reaction of 7-β-(4-chloro-2-alkoxycarbonyl methoxyimino-3-oxobutyromido)-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid (V) with thiourea at pH 5.0 to 6.0 at temperature 25-40° C. in water, (ii) carbon treatment to the reaction mixture in presence of sodium dithionite or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) followed by filtration, (iii) acidification of the filtrate obtained in step (ii) to pH 2.0 to 3.0 with acid at 50-80° C. to give cefixime ester (IV) (iv) alkaline hydrolysis of cefixime ester of formula (IV) in water followed by acidification to pH 5.0 to 6.0, (v) precipitation of cefixime (I) by adding ketone solvent followed by acidification to pH 2.0 to 3 and (vi) isolation of solid. |
| US08008475B1 |
Method for isolating and purifying nucleic acids on surfaces
The present invention involves a process for the isolation of nucleic acids on surfaces by means of at least the following steps: charging of a surface from a given direction with nucleic acids; immobilization of the nucleic acids on the surface; release of the immobilized nucleic acids from the surface; and removal of the released nucleic acids essentially in the direction of charging. Preferably the loading takes place from the top. |
| US08008471B2 |
Nucleic acids for inhibiting hairless protein expression and methods of use thereof
The present invention provides DNAzymes and ribozymes that specifically cleave Hairless protein mRNA. The present invention also provides antisense oligonucleotides that specifically inhibit translation of Hairless Protein mRNA. The present invention also provides various methods of inhibiting the expression of Hairless Protein. Finally the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions containing the instant DNAzymes, ribozymes and antisense oligonucleotides as active ingredients. |
| US08008469B2 |
Antisense compound for inducing immunological tolerance
A method and conjugate for selectively killing antigen-activated T cells are disclosed. The conjugate is composed of a substantially uncharged antisense compound targeted against the human cFLIP protein, and a reverse TAT (rTAT) polypeptide coupled covalently to the antisense compound. The rTAT polypeptide is effective to produce selective uptake of the conjugate into antigen-activated T cells, relative to the uptake of the conjugate into non-activated T cells. The cFLIP antisense compound causes activation induced cell death (AICD) of activated lymphocytes. The method is useful in treating transplantation rejection and autoimmune conditions. |
| US08008466B2 |
Use of untranslated region of osmotin gene to enhance transgene expression in plants
The present invention provides methods, vectors and gene constructs for enhancing expression of a recombinant nucleic acid sequence in transgenic plants and plant tissues. According to the present invention, nucleic acid sequences are obtained and/or derived from the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions of genes encoding osmotin proteins and engineered to flank respective portions of a selected coding region of a vector. The vector construct may be introduced into plants and/or plant tissues through conventional procedures, resulting in enhanced expression of the selected coding region. In a preferred embodiment, the selected coding region is a chimeric gene or gene fragment expressing one or more proteins known to impart a level of insecticidal activity to a transgenic plant and/or plant tissue. |
| US08008463B2 |
Compositions and methods for diagnostics and therapeutics for hydrocephalus
The present disclosure relates to RFX4_v3 protein and nucleic acids encoding the RFX4_v3 protein. The present disclosure provides non-human transgenic animals with altered RFX4_v3 genes, and provides assays for the detection of RFX4_v3 and RFX4_v3 polymorphisms associated with disease states. The present disclosure additionally provides methods of determining a subjects' risk of developing congenital hydrocephalus, and treating or inhibiting its development. |
| US08008461B2 |
Carbonyl reductase, gene therefor and use thereof
The present invention is to provide a process for efficiently producing an optically active alcohol including (R)-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanenitrile. One of the features of the present invention is a polypeptide having an activity of asymmetrically reducing 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile isolated from a microorganism belonging to the genus Candida to produce (R)-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanenitrile, DNA encoding the polypeptide and a transformant of producing the polypeptide. Another feature of the present invention is a process for producing an optically active alcohol such as (R)-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanenitrile by reducing a carbonyl compound such as 3-oxo-3-phenylpropanenitrile by use of the polypeptide or the transformant. |
| US08008459B2 |
Concatemers of differentially expressed multiple genes
In the present invention are disclosed concatemers of concatenated expression cassettes and vectors that enable the synthesis of such concatemers. The concatemer comprises in the 5′→3′ direction a cassette of nucleotide sequence of the general formula [rs2-SP-PR-X-TR-SP-rs1]n wherein rs1 and rs2 together denote a functional restriction site, SP individually denotes a spacer of at least two nucleotide bases, PR denotes a promoter, capable of functioning in a cell, X denotes an expressible nucleotide sequence, TR denotes a terminator, and SP individually denotes a spacer of at least two nucleotide bases, and n>/=2, and wherein at least a first cassette is different from a second cassette. The main purpose of these concatemers is the controllable and co-ordinated expression of large numbers of heterologous genes in a single host. Furthermore, the invention relates to a concatemer of cassettes of nucleotide sequences and a method for preparing the concatemers. In a further aspect, the invention relates to transgenic host cells comprising at least one concatemer according to the invention, as well as to a method for preparing the transgenic host cells. Finally, the invention relates to a vector comprising a cassette of nucleotides, a method for preparing said vector, a nucleotide library comprising at least two primary vectors each comprising a cassette of nucleotides, a method for preparing the library. |
| US08008452B2 |
Phosphorylated Ndr kinase
The present invention relates to the phosphorylated form of nuclear serine/threonine protein kinase, designated nuclear, Dbf2-related kinase (Ndr), and provides assays and materials for identifying modulators thereof. The invention relates to the fields of molecular biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and screening technology. |
| US08008449B2 |
Human monoclonal antibodies to programmed death 1 (PD-1) and methods for treating cancer using anti-PD-1 antibodies alone or in combination with other immunotherapeutics
The present invention provides isolated monoclonal antibodies, particularly human monoclonal antibodies, that specifically bind to PD-1 with high affinity. Nucleic acid molecules encoding the antibodies of the invention, expression vectors, host cells and methods for expressing the antibodies of the invention are also provided. Immunoconjugates, bispecific molecules and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies of the invention are also provided. The invention also provides methods for detecting PD-1, as well as methods for treating various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases, using anti-PD-1 antibodies. The present invention further provides methods for using a combination immunotherapy, such as the combination of anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies, to treat hyperproliferative disease, such as cancer. The invention also provides methods for altering adverse events related to treatment with such antibodies individually. |
| US08008447B2 |
Crystallization of antibody or fragment thereof
The present disclosure concerns methods of crystallization and/or concentration of antibody or antibody fragments. The methods comprise contacting an antibody or antibody fragment with a solution comprising a salt of a divalent cation. Crystals and/or protein gels of antibody or antibody fragments are useful in compositions and formulations. |
| US08008435B2 |
Polymer stabilized neuropeptides
A substantially hydrophilic conjugate is provided having a peptide that is capable of passing the blood-brain barrier covalently linked to a water-soluble nonpeptidic polymer such as polyethylene glycol. The conjugate exhibits improved solubility and in vivo stability and is capable of passing the blood-brain barrier of an animal. |
| US08008429B2 |
Thermosetting resin composition
Disclosed is a thermosetting resin composition of excellent low-temperature curability comprising an oxetane compound and also disclosed is a cured article obtained therefrom. The thermosetting resin composition comprises an oxetane compound (A) containing two or more oxetane functional groups in the molecule represented by the following general formula (1) and a heteropolyacid (B) as essential components. A cured article obtained by heat curing of this composition shows excellent mechanical properties, electrical properties, adhesive properties, resistance to heat, moisture, and chemicals, and the like. In formula (1), R1 is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, fluorine atom, fluoroalkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, allyl group, aryl group, aralkyl group, furyl group, or thienyl group. |
| US08008428B2 |
Azide- or acetylene-terminated poly(alkylene oxide, oxyethylated polyol or olefinic Alcohol)
The invention provides water-soluble compounds that include a polymer and at least one terminal azide or acetylene moiety. Also provided are highly efficient methods for the selective modification of proteins with PEG derivatives, which involves the selective incorporation of non-genetically encoded amino acids, e.g., those amino acids containing an azide or acetylene moiety, into proteins in response to a selector codon and the subsequent modification of those amino acids with a suitably reactive PEG derivative. |
| US08008426B2 |
Organic semiconductor polymer having liquid crystal properties, organic active layer, organic thin film transistor, and electronic device including the same, and methods of fabricating the same
Example embodiments relate to an organic semiconductor polymer, in which fused thiophenes having liquid crystal properties and aromatic compounds having N-type semiconductor properties are alternately included in the main chain of the polymer, an organic active layer, an organic thin film transistor (OTFT), and an electronic device including the same, and methods of preparing the organic semiconductor polymer, and fabricating the organic active layer, the OTFT and the electronic device using the same. This organic semiconductor polymer has improved organic solvent solubility, processability, and thin film properties, and may impart increased charge mobility and decreased off-state leakage current when applied to the channel layer of the organic thin film transistor. |
| US08008421B2 |
Photovoltaic cell with silole-containing polymer
Photovoltaic cells with silole-containing polymers, as well as related systems, methods and components are disclosed. |
| US08008420B2 |
Organohydrogenpolysiloxane resin and silicone composition
An organohydrogenpoly siloxane resin having the formula (I): (R1R32SiO½)w(R32SiO½)x(R1SiO3/2)y(SiO4/2)z, wherein R1 is C1 to C10 hydrocarbyl or C1 to C10 halogen-substituted hydrocarbyl, both free of aliphatic unsaturation, R3 is R1 or an organosilylalkyl group having at least one siliconbonded hydrogen atom, w is from 0 to 0.8, x is from 0 to 0.6, y is from 0 to 0.99, z is from 0 to 0.35, w+x+y+z=1, y+z/(w+x+y+z) is from 0.2 to 0.99, w+x/(w+x+y+z) is from 0.01 to 0.8, and at least 50 mol % of the groups R3 are organosilylalkyl; a silicone composition containing the resin, and a cured silicone resin prepared by curing the silicone composition. |
| US08008409B1 |
Energetic poly (azidoaminoethers)
The currently disclosed device is a novel poly(azidoaminoether)-based energetic polymer utilizing a chemical design that possesses great versatility in tailoring properties such as endothermicity, oxygen balance, flexibility, toughness, and crystallinity. Furthermore, this new chemical design will also be compatible with current polyisocyanate curing chemistry. These attributes will give such novel polymers great potential in meeting the demands of a highly energetic, yet insensitive propellant binder. This material's tailorable mechanical properties and oxygen balance as well as its backwards compatibility with current diisocyanate crosslinking methods make this novel polymer an ideal energetic binder material for use in a variety of munition systems. |
| US08008406B2 |
Synthesis and characterization of a novel proton exchange membrane (PEM) for applications in fuel cells
A fuel cell membrane is described comprising at least one sulfonated aromatic polyether copolymer comprising a poly-arylen-ether-ketone (PEK) moiety or sulfonated derivatives thereof, deriving from spiro-bis-indane or 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphenol (BPAF), and an arylene-sulfone, or an arylene-ketone or sulfonated derivative thereof; said copolymer having the following formula (1): wherein Ar1 has formula, wherein X is spiro-bis-indanile (SBI) (b) or BPAF (c) having formulas: and wherein Y is H or SO3H, and Ar2 has formula wherein W is CO or SO2, and Y is H or SO3H, wherein Z is OH or Cl; and wherein at least one between Ar1 or Ar2 comprise at least one sulfonic group; and wherein n is an integer comprised between 2 and 50. A method for the production of such membrane is also described. |
| US08008405B2 |
Method of stabilizing metal pigments against gassing
The present invention is directed to a passivating material suitable for passivating a metal surface. The passivating material comprises a polymer which comprises (a) at least one nitro group, and/or pyridine group, and/or phenolic hydroxyl group; and (b) at least one group selected from a phosphorous-containing group and/or a carboxylic acid group, wherein the at least one phosphorous-containing group is selected from a phosphate, a phosphite, or a non-nitrogen substituted phosphonate. |
| US08008400B2 |
Polyolefin masterbatch and composition suitable for injection molding
A masterbatch composition comprising (percent by weight): A) 50%-90% of a crystalline polypropylene component comprising: AI) from 25% to 75% of a fraction having a melt flow rate MFRI of from 0.1 to 10 g/10 min.; and AII) from 75% to 25% of a fraction having a melt flow rate value MFRII equal to or lower than 100 g/10 min.; wherein the ratio MFRI/MFRII is from 5 to 60; and B) 10%-50% of a copolymer component of ethylene and at least one C3-C10 α-olefin, containing from 15% to 50% of ethylene; said masterbatch composition having a value of the intrinsic viscosity [η] of the fraction soluble in xylene at room temperature equal to or higher than 3.5 dl/g, is added to polyolefin materials to obtain final compositions suitable for injection molding. |
| US08008395B2 |
Organic-inorganic hybrid particle material and polymer compositions containing same
Particulate materials useful as fillers, reinforcing agents, radioopacifiers, or impact modifiers. The particulate material has an average particle size range of about 10,000 nm or less and comprises an organic-inorganic hybrid material that has a ceramic material network having organic polymer segments distributed throughout the ceramic network. The ceramic network may be prepared by a sol-gel technique. The particulate material may be compounded in thermoplastic polymer compositions useful in a variety of applications such as preparation of medical device components. |
| US08008394B2 |
Low-VOC primer for plastic coating
The invention is directed to coating compositions for direct coating of plastic substrates, comprising the following components: A) a hydroxy-functional binder component, comprising at least one branched hydroxy-functional polyester having a hydroxyl value of 50-300 mg KOH/g solid, a polydispersity of <2 and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 300 to 4000, having at least three branches, and having at least one hydroxyl group on each of the at least three branches, B) a crosslinking component for the hydroxyfunctional binder component A), C) at least one adhesion promoting component and optionally, D) organic solvents, additives conventionally found in paints as well as pigments and/or fillers. |
| US08008386B2 |
Curable composition
The present invention has its object to provide a curable composition not containing any organotin type curing catalyst currently of concern because of the toxic feature thereof, or any volatile compound, excellent in curability and storage stability and, further, capable of providing cured products excellent in strength and elongation; the above object can be achieved by a curable composition which includes: an organic polymer (A) containing a hydrolyzable silyl group in a molecule; an amidine compound (B); and a compound (C) containing a sulfonyl group in a molecule. |
| US08008382B2 |
Flameproof thermoplastic resin composition
The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention comprises: about 100 parts by weight of a base resin comprising (A) about 5 to about 40% by weight of a rubber modified aromatic vinyl based copolymer resin, (B) about 30 to about 90% by weight of a polycarbonate resin, and (C) about 1 to about 50% by weight of a noncrystalline polyester resin; and (D) about 5 to about 30 parts by weight of an aromatic phosphate ester based compound. |
| US08008376B2 |
Plasticizer composition containing cyclodextrin derivatives, flexible PVC composition with suppression of the migration of plasticizer containing the same, and manufacturing method thereof
Disclosed are plasticizer compositions including cyclodextrin derivatives, a flexible PVC composition with suppression of the migration of a plasticizer containing the same, and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method of the flexible PVC composition of the present invention includes steps of (S1) preparing cyclodextrin derivatives; (S2) mixing the cyclodextrin derivatives, PVC and a low molecular weight liquid plasticizer to form a plastisol; and (S3) heating the plastisol to form a solution and cooling the solution. The manufacturing method PVC-1 of the present invention may be useful to mass-produce flexible PVC with suppression of the migration of a plasticizer in a simple and economic manner without using solvents since the cyclodextrin derivatives are used as a compound that can suppress the migration of a plasticizer. The flexible PVC has an effect of reducing an amount of the migrated plasticizer without deterioration in its physical properties. |
| US08008375B2 |
Poly(vinyl chloride) product containing cyclodextrin derivatives with suppression of the migration of plasticizer and manufacturing method thereof
The present invention relates to a PVC product containing cyclodextrin derivative particles and capable of suppressing migration of a plasticizer and a method for manufacturing the same, which includes (S1) preparing cyclodextrin derivative particles, in which a hydroxyl functional group is replaced by a predetermined compound; (S2) inputting the cyclodextrin derivative particles, a water-based dispersion medium and a vinyl chloride monomer into a high-pressure reactor and performing polymerization to obtain cyclodextrin derivative particles-capsulated PVC particles, in which a plurality of the cyclodextrin derivative particles are dispersedly capsulated in PVC particles; and (S3) mixing the cyclodextrin derivative particles-capsulated PVC particles with a low molecular weight liquid plasticizer and molding the mixture in a predetermined shape using heat. |
| US08008363B2 |
Shoe sole component
There is provided a shoe sole component that has properties such as strength and cushioning property that are suppressed from being changed even under a wide temperature range from severe cold at −10° C. or lower to high temperature conditions exceeding 30° C. A shoe sole component includes a cross-linked foam of a resin composition, the resin composition containing a thermoplastic polyolefin resin, in which tan δ [−20° C. to 40° C.] at a frequency of 10 Hz measured according to JIS K 7244-4 is 0.01 to 0.5, and tan δ [−20° C.]/tan δ [40° C.] at a frequency of 10 Hz is 0.7 to 1.3. |
| US08008361B2 |
Method for preparing a poly(aryl ether) anion-exchange membrane
A method for preparing a polymer anion-exchange membrane by forming a chloromethylated polymer, quaternizing the chloromethylated polymer, and casting. The method is simple to use and the obtained polymer anion-exchange membrane has good mechanical properties, improved thermal and chemical stability, as well as high ion-exchange capacity. |
| US08008360B2 |
Proton exchange membrane and method for manufacturing the same
A proton exchange membrane and method for formation the same is disclosed. When forming the proton exchange membrane, first, a bismaleimide and barbituric acid are copolymerized to form a hyper-branched polymer. Next, the solvent of the sulfonated tetrafluorethylene copolymer (Nafion) aqueous solution is replaced with dimethyl acetamide (DMAc). 10 to 15 parts by weight of the hyper-branched polymer is added to 90 to 85 parts by weight of the Nafion in the DMAc solution, stood and heated to 50° C. for inter-penetration of the hyper-branched polymer and the Nafion. The heated solution is coated on a substrate, baked, and pre-treated to remove residue solvent to complete formation of the proton exchange membrane. |
| US08008359B2 |
Method of operating a fluid bed reactor
Method of operating a three-phase slurry reactor includes feeding at a low level at least one gaseous reactant into a vertically extending slurry body of solid particles suspended in a suspension liquid, the slurry body being contained in at least two vertically extending shafts housed within a common reactor shell, each shaft being divided into a plurality of vertically extending channels at least some of which are in slurry flow communication and the slurry body being present in at least some of the channels. The gaseous reactant is allowed to react as it passes upwardly through the slurry body present in at least some of the channels of the shafts, thereby to form a non-gaseous and/or a gaseous product. Gaseous product, if present, and/or unreacted gaseous reactant is allowed to disengage from the slurry body in a head space above the slurry body. |
| US08008358B2 |
Fluorosurfactants
The present invention relates to the use of end groups Y, where Y stands for CF3O— or F5S—, as hydrophobic end group in surface-active compounds, corresponding novel compounds, and processes for the preparation of these compounds. |
| US08008353B2 |
Methods for modulating macrophage proliferation using polyamine analogs
Methods for modulating macrophage proliferation in an individual afflicted with or at risk for a macrophage-associated disease are provided. The methods employ a polyamine analog, or salt or protected derivative thereof. Macrophage proliferation has been implicated in a number of serious disorders, including AIDS (HIV)-associated dementia, AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Alzheimer's disease. The invention also provides methods for aiding diagnosis and monitoring therapy of a macrophage-associated non-HIV associated dementia, especially Alzheimer's disease. The invention also provides methods of delaying development of macrophage-associated non-HIV associated dementias, including Alzheimer's disease, which entail administration of an agent which modulates macrophage proliferation. |
| US08008352B2 |
Pentafluorosulfanylbenzoylguanidines, processes for their preparation, their use as medicaments or diagnostic aids, and medicaments comprising them
Pentafluorosulfanylbenzoylguanidines, of the formula I and II in which R1 to R4 have the meanings stated in the claims, are suitable as antiarrhythmic medicaments with a cardioprotective component for the prophylaxis of infarction and treatment of infarction and for the treatment of angina pectoris. They also inhibit preventively the pathophysiological processes associated with the development of ischemia-induced damage, especially in the triggering of ischemia-induced cardiac arrhythmias. |
| US08008351B2 |
Methods for prophylaxis or treatment of conditions associated with cortical spreading depression
The present invention is directed to the use of a class of peptide compounds for the prophylaxis and treatment of chronic headache, particularly migraines. |
| US08008349B2 |
Stable pharmaceutical preparation comprising levothyroxine sodium, gelatin and fillers and which is free of organic solvent residues
The invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation comprising levothyroxine sodium, gelatine and fillers, which is free of organic solvent residues. |
| US08008347B2 |
Methoxypolyethylene glycol thioester chelate and uses thereof
The present invention is directed generally to protecting cells, tissues and organs against the damaging effects of ionizing or other damaging agents associated with radiation or chemotherapy, or degenerative diseases or processes of various organs that elicit the production of free radicals or oxidants such as peroxides, superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals or nitric oxides, or heavy metal cations. More particularly, the present invention is concerned with methoxypolyethylene glycol thioester chelate methyl esters that are useful as protectors against tissue damage by penetrating the cell membrane to donate electrons to free radical oxidants and remove heavy metals that may react with peroxides to produce the reactive hydroxyl radical, or remove Ca++ that may be released from organelles. These chelate esters will also have utility in reducing intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. |
| US08008346B2 |
Chemotherapeutic agents for inhibition of protein translation
The present invention relates to a anti-proliferative target for designing chemotherapeutic agents, which comprises a EIF4A protein having an amino acid sequence, as defined in claim 1. |
| US08008342B2 |
Ion channel modulating compounds and uses thereof
Ion channel modulating compounds are disclosed. The compounds of the present invention may be incorporated in compositions and kits. The present invention also discloses a variety of in vitro and in vivo uses for the compounds and compositions, including the treatment of arrhythmia and the production of analgesia and local anesthesia. |
| US08008340B2 |
3-arylthioindole-2-carboxamide derivatives and analogs thereof as inhibitors of casein kinase I
A method for inhibiting casein kinase Iε activity, comprising administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I. its stereoisomer, enantiomer, racemate, tautomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. |
| US08008336B2 |
Condensation compound between fluorinated cyclopentane ring and aromatic ring, and process for producing the same
A condensation compound of a fluorinated cyclopentane ring and an aromatic ring, which is useful, for example, for electronic materials, and a process for producing the same are provided. For instance, according to Scheme 1 below, a compound (68) containing a condensed structure formed of a hexafluorocyclopentane ring and an aromatic ring is synthesized. The aromatic ring is not limited to a thiophene ring but can be any ring and any substituent can be used. Thus a compound containing a condensed ring structure formed of a hexafluorocyclopentane ring and an aromatic ring, particularly, for instance, a thiophene ring, which was impossible to produce conventionally, can be produced easily with high yield. The compound of the present invention is particularly suitable to be applied to, for example, electronic materials or semiconductors. When it is polymerized and thereby the π-electronic conjugation is extended, it also is expected to be applied to, for example, n-type organic semiconductors and molecular wires that are indispensable for developing molecular electronics elements. |
| US08008334B2 |
Bis-heterocyclic imidazolyl compounds
The patent application relates to new heterocyclic compounds of the general formula (I) in which R, R1, R2, R3, R4 and n have the definitions elucidated in more detail in the description, to a process for preparing them and to the use of these compounds as medicaments, particularly as aldosterone synthase inhibitors. |
| US08008327B2 |
Indazole compounds as CCR1 receptor antagonists
Disclosed indazoles compounds that are useful as antagonists of CCR1 activity and are thus useful for treating a variety of diseases and disorders that are mediated or sustained through the activity of CCR1 including autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, methods of using these compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, processes for preparing these compounds and intermediates useful in these processes. |
| US08008326B2 |
4-benzyledene-piperidin derivatives
The present invention relates to new 4-benzylidene-piperidin derivatives of formula (I), useful as NMDA, in a particular NR2B subunit containing receptor antagonists and analgesica. |
| US08008323B2 |
Selective serotonin 2A/2C receptor inverse agonists as therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases
Behavioral pharmacological data with the compound of formula (I), a novel and selective 5HT2A/2C receptor inverse agonist, demonstrate in vivo efficacy in models of psychosis and dyskinesias. This includes activity in reversing MK-801 induced locomotor behaviors, suggesting that this compound may be an efficacious anti-psychotic, and activity in an MPTP primate model of dyskinesias, suggesting efficacy as an anti-dyskinesia agent. These data support the hypothesis that 5HT2A/2C receptor inverse agonism may confer antipsychotic and anti-dyskinetic efficacy in humans, and indicate a use of the compound of formula (I) and related agents as novel therapeutics for Parkinson's Disease, related human neurodegenerative diseases, and psychosis. |
| US08008311B2 |
Methods and compostions utilizing quinazolinones
Quinazolinones of formulae (a, b, c and d) are disclosed. They are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases and disorders associated with KSP kinesin activity. |
| US08008310B2 |
Derivatives of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, the preparation thereof, and the therapeutic application of the same
Derivatives of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine are provided having formula (I) with Ar1, Ar2 and R1 as defined herein, which are useful for treating cell proliferative conditions, and to the preparation thereof, and to the therapeutic application of the same. |
| US08008306B2 |
Quinoline compounds
To provide a novel LXRβ agonist that is useful as a preventative and/or therapeutic agent for atherosclerosis; arteriosclerosis such as those resulting from diabetes; dyslipidemia; hypercholesterolemia; lipid-related diseases; inflammatory diseases that are caused by inflammatory cytokines; skin diseases such as allergic skin diseases; diabetes; or Alzheimer's disease.A quinoline compound represented by the following general formula (1) or salt thereof, or their solvate. |
| US08008305B2 |
TAAR1 ligands
The invention relates to a compound of formula wherein R1, R2, X, L, W, n, and o are defined herein and to pharmaceutically suitable acid addition salts thereof, with the exception of the following compounds 6-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-N-phenethyl-nicotinamide (CAS 199478-31-4), N-(3,4-dichloro-benzyl)-3-fluoro-benzamide (CAS 424815-98-5), N-(4-chloro-benzyl)-3-fluoro-benzamide (CAS 544661-83-8), N-(3-chloro-benzyl)-3-fluoro-benzamide (CAS 796051-07-5), and N-phenethyl-6-phenylamino-nicotinamide (CAS 571913-74-1). The compounds of formula I have a good affinity to the trace amine associated receptors (TAARs), especially for TAAR1 and are useful for the treatment of CNS disorders. |
| US08008303B2 |
Biphenyl derivatives and their use in treating hepatitis C
Use of a compound which is a biphenyl derivative of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the treatment of Hepatitis C wherein the variables are described herein. |
| US08008299B2 |
Urotensin II receptor antagonists
This invention is directed to a compound of Formula (I): and forms thereof, wherein A, B, E, G, X and L2 are as defined herein and their use as urotensin II receptor antagonists. |
| US08008296B2 |
Histamine H3 receptor agents, preparation and therapeutic uses
The present invention discloses novel compounds of Formula I or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof which have histamine-H3 receptor antagonist or inverse agonist activity, as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I as well as methods of using them to treat obesity, cognitive deficiencies, narcolepsy, and other histamine H3 receptor-related diseases. (Formula I). |
| US08008293B2 |
Bicyclic oxomorpholine derivative
The present invention relates to a compound represented by formula (I): wherein R1 represents a C1-3 alkyl group, R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-3 alkyl group, Ar represents a phenyl group or the like which may be substituted with 1 to 3 substituents, X represents an oxygen atom or the like, n and m are the same or different and integers of 0 to 2, or a pharmacologically acceptable salt, and use thereof as a medicament. |
| US08008291B2 |
3-aminoalkyl-1,4-diazepan-2-one melanocortin-5 receptor antagonists
The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I) that are useful for modulating the biological activity of the melanocortin-5 receptor (MC5R). Compounds of this invention can be used to treat diseases and/or conditions in which downregulation of MC5R is beneficial. Such diseases and/or conditions include, but are not limited to, acne, seborrhea, seborrheic dermatitis, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. |
| US08008289B2 |
α-aminocyclolactam ligands for G-protein coupled receptors
The invention relates to the generation of a library of compounds enriched in agonist and antagonists for members of the G-protein coupled class of receptors (GPCRs). The library contains compounds of general formula (I) wherein y is any integer from 1 to 8; z is one integer from 0 to 8 with the proviso that y and z cannot simultaneously be 1; X is —CO—(Y)k—(R1)n or SO2—(Y)k—(R1)n; k is 0 or 1; y is a cycloalkyl or polycyloalkyl group (such as an adamantyl, adamantanemethyl, bicyclooctyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopropyl group); or y is a cycloalkenyl or polycycloalkenyl group; each R1 is independently selected from hydrogen or an alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylamino, alkylaminoalkyl, alkylaminodialkyl, charged alkylaminotrialkyl or charged alkylcarboxylate radical of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; or each R1 is independently selected from fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo, hydroxy, oxyalkyl, amino, aminoalkyl, aminodialkyl, charged aminotrialkyl, or carboxylate radical; and n is any integer from 1 to m, where m is the maximum number of substitutions permissible on the cyclo-group Y; or alternatively R1 may be selected from a peptido radical, for example having from 1 to 4 peptidic moieties linked together by peptide bonds (for example a peptido radical of 1 to 4 amino acid residues). |
| US08008286B2 |
Method for treatment of neuropathic pain
Compounds and methods useful for preventing and treating pain, e.g., neuropathic pain, in a subject in need thereof are provided. The compounds can be “S1P modulating” agents that are capable of inducing a detectable change in S1P receptor activity. |
| US08008285B2 |
Droxidopa and pharmaceutical composition thereof for the treatment of fibromyalgia
The present invention provides methods of treating fibromyalgia or other diseases or conditions causing widespread pain and/or fatigue. In particular, the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising droxidopa alone, or in combination with one or more further active agents, that can be used in the inventive methods. The methods of treatment can comprise treating, preventing, reducing, or eliminating a variety of symptoms recognized as indicative of fibromyalgia, such as chronic pain, allodynia, hyperalgesia, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression. |
| US08008280B2 |
Betulinol derivatives as anti-HIV agents
The present invention relates to methods of treating HIV-1 infection in a subject. These methods involve administering to the subject with HIV-1 infection a therapeutically effective amount of a conjugated or immunoconjugated betulinol derivative compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof, under conditions effective to treat the subject for HIV-1 infection. Also disclosed are methods inhibiting HIV-1 activity in a cell. These methods involve providing a cell infected with HIV-1 and contacting the cell with a conjugated or immunoconjugated betulinol derivative compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof, under conditions effective to inhibit HIV-1 activity in the cell. |
| US08008272B2 |
Nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer inhibiting replication of hepatitis C virus replicon
Disclosed is a nuclease-resistant RNA aptamer for inhibiting the replication of HCV replicon. This aptamer is capable of binding specifically to HCV NS5B and inhibiting the proliferation of the HCV replicon, and includes at least one sequence selected from a group consisting of SEQ ID NOS. 1 to 4, in which a fluoro group is substituted for 2′-hydroxy of both U (uracil) and C (cytosine) bases, and SEQ ID NO. 17, in which the fluoro group is substituted for the 2′-hydroxy of both the U (uracil) and the C (cytosine) bases, and which is tagged with a cholesteryl group at a 5′ end and with idT at a 3′ end. The RNA aptamer is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of HCV infection. |
| US08008271B2 |
Methods and compositions for treating gain-of-function disorders using RNA interference
The present invention relates to novel methods for treating dominant gain-of-function diseases. The invention provides methods for targeting regions of the copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), which causes inherited amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), with RNAi agent. The invention further provides RNAi resistant replacement genes containing mismatches with their respective RNAi agents. The invention also provides for vectors that express RNAi agent and RNAi resistant replacement gene of the present invention. |
| US08008270B2 |
Antiviral oligonucleotides targeting viral families
Random sequence oligonucleotides that have antiviral activity are described, along with their use as antiviral agents. In many cases, the oligonucleotides are greater than 40 nucleotides in length. Also described are methods for the prophylaxis or treatment of a viral infection in a human or animal, and a method for the prophylaxis treatment of cancer caused by oncoviruses in a human or animal. The methods typically involve administering to a human or animal in need of such treatment, a pharmacologically acceptable, therapeutically effective amount of at least oligonucleotide that does not act by a sequence complementary mode of action. |
| US08008268B2 |
Vaccines against vesicular stomatitis
The present invention relates to an immunogenic or vaccine composition to induce an immune response or protective immune response against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in an animal susceptible to VSV. The composition may include a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable vehicle or excipient, and a vector. The vector may contain at least one heterologous nucleic acid molecule(s), expresses in vivo in the animal VSV antigen(s), immunogen(s) or epitope(s) thereof, e.g., VSV G protein and/or VSV N protein and/or VSV M protein. The heterologous nucleic acid molecule(s) may be adjusted to the vector/mammalian cell system by codon optimization. The composition can contain an adjuvant, such as carbomer. Methods for making and using such a composition, including prime-boost regimes and including as to differential diagnosis, are also contemplated. |
| US08008267B2 |
Stabilized immunomodulatory oligonucleotides
The invention provides immunostimulatory oligonucleotides having at least one CpG dinucleotide and a secondary structure at the 5′- or 3′-end. These oligonucleotides have either reduced or improved immunostimulatory properties. The invention establishes that 5′-terminal secondary structures affect immunostimulatory activity significantly more than those at the 3′-end. The invention also provides methods for increasing or decreasing the immunostimulatory activity of a CpG-containing nucleic acid. |
| US08008266B2 |
Methods of treating cancer using immunostimulatory oligonucleotides
Nucleic acid sequences containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides that modulate an immune response including stimulating a Th1 pattern of immune activation, cytokine production, NK lytic activity, and B cell proliferation are disclosed. The sequences are also useful as a synthetic adjuvant. |
| US08008264B2 |
1′-substituted carba-nucleoside analogs for antiviral treatment
Provided are pyrrolo[1,2-f][1,2,4]triazinyl, imidazo[1,5-f][1,2,4]triazinyl, imidazo[1,2-f][1,2,4]triazinyl, and [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-f][1,2,4]triazinyl nucleosides, nucleoside phosphates and prodrugs thereof, wherein the 1′ position of the nucleoside sugar is substituted. The compounds, compositions, and methods provided are useful for the treatment of Flaviviridae virus infections, particularly hepatitis C infections. |
| US08008257B2 |
ANF fusion proteins
A fusion protein comprising an arterial natriuretic factor (ANF) amino acid sequence linked to an albumin amino acid sequence by one or more peptide bonds is provided. The ANF amino acid sequence may be linked to the N-terminal, the C-terminal, or both the N-terminal and the C-terminal of the albumin amino acid sequence. Also provided is a nucleic acid molecule encoding the fusion protein and a vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule. Methods for treating or preventing cardiovascular or renal disease comprising administration of an effective amount of the fusion protein, or nucleic acid encoding the fusion protein, are also disclosed. |
| US08008253B2 |
Treatment for anxiety
The invention provides methods of treating or effecting prophylaxis of a patient having or at risk of developing symptoms of anxiety in which an effective regime of an agent that inhibits specific binding of PSD95 to an NMDA receptor is administered to a patient. |
| US08008251B2 |
Macrocyclic inhibitors of hepatitis C virus
Inhibitors of HCV of formula (I). and the N-oxides, salts, and stereoisomers thereof, wherein the dashed line represents an optional double bond between atoms C7 and C8; R1 is hydrogen or C1-6alkyl; R2 is hydrogen or C1-6alkyl; and n is 3, 4, 5, or 6; pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds (I) and processes for preparing compounds (I) are provided. Bioavailable combinations of the inhibitors of HCV of formula (I) with ritonavir are also provided. |
| US08008250B2 |
Macrocyclic compounds and compositions useful as BACE inhibitors
Macrocyclic compounds of the formula in which R1, R3, V1, V2, X1, X2, Y, Z, Ar, AA and n are as defined in the specification, the number of ring atoms included in the macrocyclic ring being 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18, in free base form or in acid addition salt form, to their preparation, to their use as medicaments and to medicaments comprising them are presented. |
| US08008249B2 |
Neuregulins for prevention and treatment of damage from acute assault on vascular and neuronal tissue and as regulators of neuronal stem cell migration
Neuregulin, a known neuroprotein, has been found to ameliorate or prevent damage caused by mechanical or chemical assault to blood vessels and, when administered into the cerebral spinal fluid, can ameliorate damage to neuronal tissue caused by stroke or inflammation. Additionally, neuregulin has been found to be useful for enhancement of stem cell migration from the ventricle to the site of injury to the brain. |
| US08008244B2 |
Compositions of tetrafluoropropene and hydrocarbons
Provided are azeotrope-like compositions comprising tetrafluoropropene and one or more selected hydrorocarbons and uses thereof, including use in refrigerant compositions, refrigeration systems, blowing agent compositions, and aerosol propellants. |
| US08008242B1 |
Biodegradable abrasive compositions
The biodegradable abrasive compositions consist of a plant-based natural abrasive agent, calcium carbonate, polymeric material, and a binder. The natural abrasives may consist of a plant-based cereal grains or fibers. The polymeric materials of the preferred embodiments include starch and poly-vinyl alcohol, either alone or in combination. The products associated with the biodegradable abrasive compositions are gently abrasive and readily disposable films or coatings. The products are designed to maximize the use of agricultural bi-products and avoid harm the environment. |
| US08008239B2 |
Acylalkylisethionate esters and applications in consumer products
The present invention provides acylalkylisethionate esters useful in consumer products. The acylalkylisethionate esters are produced by reacting one or more carboxylic acids with one or more alkyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl sulfonates under esterification reaction conditions. The alkyl-substituted hydroxyalkyl sulfonates used as a raw material in producing the esters are prepared by reacting bisulfite with one or more alkylene oxides. |
| US08008235B2 |
Permeability-modifying drilling fluids and methods of use
The present invention provides drilling fluids that comprise a base fluid and a water-soluble relative permeability modifier. In addition, the present invention provides methods of reducing the permeability of a subterranean formation to aqueous-based fluids during the drilling phase that comprises providing a water-soluble relative permeability modifier; and placing the water-soluble relative permeability modifier into the subterranean formation during the drilling phase. The present invention provides methods of drilling a well bore in a subterranean formation comprising providing a drilling fluid that comprises a base fluid and a water-soluble relative permeability modifier, and placing the drilling fluid in the subterranean formation. The water-soluble relative permeability modifiers of the present invention generally may comprise hydrophilically modified polymers, hydrophobically modified polymers, or water-soluble polymers without hydrophobic or hydrophilic modification. |
| US08008231B2 |
Extreme environment surfactant compositions comprising hydrolysis resistant organomodified disiloxane surfactants
Compositions comprising an asymmetric disiloxane surfactant composition comprising a silicone composition comprising a silicone having the formula: MM′ where M or M′ comprises an alkylpolyalkyleneoxide bearing substituent selected from the group consisting of: R13(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)b(C4H8O)cR14 and R12SiR5R6(R13(C2H4O)a(C3H6O)b(C4H8O)cR14) that exhibit resistance to hydrolysis over a wide pH range. |
| US08008228B2 |
Carbonaceous sorbent and process for the production thereof
The invention concerns a carbonaceous sorbent in powder or grain form for the dry cleaning of waste gases from thermal processes. The sorbent includes carbon adsorbents from the group of activated carbon and/or brown coal cokes which are modified with sulfur and/or sulfur compounds. The sorbent is distinguished in that the specific surface area of the carbon adsorbents in m2/g in relation to the pore volume of the micropores in cm3/g is between 2400 and 2700. |
| US08008227B2 |
Mixed oxide catalysts for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of olefins and processes for producing them
The invention relates to mixed oxide catalysts for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of olefins and methylated aromatics, processes for producing the catalysts and the reaction with air or oxygen in the presence of inert gases in various ratios at elevated temperatures and pressure to form aldehydes and carboxylic acids. |
| US08008225B2 |
Thermocatalytically active coating, substrate having the thermocatalytically active coating at least in parts, and process for producing same
A substrate, such as a glass, glass ceramic, ceramic or metal substrate, is provided with a thermocatalytically active coating on at least a part of the substrate surface. The thermocatalytic coating contains an inorganic lithium salt or organic lithium-containing compound in an amount that is equivalent to not less than 2 wt. % of lithium ions, based on total coating weight. The thermocatalytic coating has a glass, glass solder or sol-gel matrix in which the lithium salt or organic lithium-containing compound is introduced. Optional barrier and IR-reflecting layers are arranged between the substrate surface and the thermocatalytically active coating. |
| US08008224B2 |
Organometallic ruthenium complexes and related methods for the preparation of tetra-substituted and other hindered olefins
The invention relates to ruthenium alkylidene complexes having an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand comprising a 5-membered heterocyclic ring having a carbenic carbon atom and at least one nitrogen atom contained within the 5-membered heterocyclic ring, wherein the nitrogen atom is directly attached to the carbenic carbon atom and is substituted by a phenyl ring, and wherein the phenyl ring has a hydrogen at either or both ortho positions and is substituted at at least one ortho or meta position. The invention also relates to an olefin metathesis reactions and particularly to the preparation of tetra-substituted cyclic olefins via a ring-closing metathesis. |
| US08008222B2 |
Dielectric ceramic composition and electronic device
The present invention relates to a dielectric ceramic composition comprising a main component expressed by a general formula: (Ba1-x-ySrxCay)m(Ti1-zZrz)O3, a first subcomponent comprising Mg oxide, a second subcomponent comprising at least one kind of oxide selected from oxides of Mn and Cr, a third subcomponent comprising R oxide (note R is selected at least one kind from Y, La Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Yb), and a fourth subcomponent comprising an oxide including Si. |
| US08008221B2 |
Dielectric ceramic composition and electric device
A dielectric ceramic composition of the present invention comprises; BamTiO2+m (note that, m is 0.99≦m≦1.01), and BanZrO2+n (note that, n is 0.99≦n≦1.01); wherein said dielectric ceramic composition consists of plurality of dielectric particles and a grain boundary phase existing between said dielectric particles adjacent to each other, when said dielectric particle having BamTiO2+m as a main component is set to a first dielectric particle, said dielectric particle having BanZrO2+n as a main component is set to a second dielectric particle, an average crystal diameter of said first dielectric particle is set to D1 (μm), and an average crystal diameter of said second dielectric particle is set to D2 (μm), then a ratio (D2/D1) of said D2 with respect to said D1 is 0.04 to 0.33, said D2 is 0.02 to 0.25 μm, and in said dielectric ceramic composition a ratio of the total number of said second dielectric particle with respect to the total number of said first dielectric particle is 0.10 to 2. The present invention is to provide the dielectric ceramic composition suitable for the medium-high voltage application used at a high rated voltage (for example, 100V or more). |
| US08008220B2 |
Use of lead-free and phosphate-containing glasses in a precision moulding process
The present invention relates to the use of lead-free and phosphate-containing glasses, preferably colored and filter glasses which absorb light in the infrared region (IR-region), in a precision molding process. Preferably, the content of fluorine in the glass is low.Advantageously, so optical constituents can be produced without finishing, such as for example lenses for digital cameras. By the use according to the present invention, also other optical constituents can be produced which can be directly used for a corresponding technical purpose. For an advantageous use, the optical constituents produced by precision molding can be used in the fields imaging, projection, telecommunications, optical communications engineering and laser technology. |
| US08008219B2 |
Optical glass and optical element
An optical glass includes, based on the total weight of the optical glass: not less than 35 weight percent and less than 45 weight percent of P2O5; not less than 0.5 weight percent and less than 10 weight percent of B2O3; 0 to 16 weight percent of Al2O3; 0 to 2.5 weight percent of SiO2; 0 to 26 weight percent of BaO; 0 to 20 weight percent of SrO; 23 to 49 weight percent of ZnO; more than 6 weight percent and not more than 20 weight percent of CaO; 0 to 16 weight percent of MgO; not less than 0 weight percent and less than 1 weight percent of Li2O; 3 to 19 weight percent of Na2O; and 0 to 20 weight percent of K2O, where the total weight of BaO, SrO, ZnO, CaO, and MgO and the total weight of Li2O, Na2O and K2O are predetermined amounts. |
| US08008218B2 |
Multi-layered textile structures for flame resistant mattresses
Mattress panels and mattresses (including mattress foundations) that satisfy the rigorous requirements of new and promulgated state and federal regulations regarding flammability of mattresses, such as Technical Bulletin 603 of the State of California department of Consumer Affairs (TB-603) and U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Standard for Flammability of Mattresses and Mattress/Foundation Sets (16 CFR 1633), are provided. A mattress includes one or more panels of material assembled as a non-quilted, non-perforated, multi-layered structure, wherein the mattress maintains flame and heat resistant integrity when impinged with a gas flame in accordance with the testing protocol set forth in Technical Bulletin 603 of the State of California department of Consumer Affairs (TB-603) and/or in accordance with the testing protocol set forth in U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission Standard for Flammability of Mattresses and Mattress/Foundation Sets (16 CFR 1633). |
| US08008211B2 |
Pattern forming method, semiconductor device manufacturing apparatus and storage medium
A pattern forming method includes (a) forming pairs of deposits on sidewalls of mask portions in first mask patterns by forming a thin film thereon, etching it to leave deposits, and exposing a top surface of a second-layer film between the deposits; (b) forming second mask patterns formed of mask portions corresponding to the deposits by removing the mask portion, plasma etching the second-layer film, and removing the deposits; (c) forming a thin film thereon, and etching it to leave deposits on sidewalls of mask portions facing each other and to expose a third-layer film between the deposits while leaving deposits between adjacent mask portions; and (d) forming grooves thereon by removing the second mask portion, and etching off the third-layer film. |
| US08008203B2 |
Substrate, method of polishing the same, and polishing apparatus
A polishing method and a polishing apparatus capable of polishing a surface of a substrate made of SiC or diamond extremely smoothly and efficiently without causing subsurface damage are provided. A polishing platen 1 can rotate around a rotating shaft 4, and is made of quartz having high transparency to ultraviolet radiation. A large number of grooves 11 are arranged on a front surface of the polishing platen 1 in a lattice form, and each of the grooves 11 is filled with solid photocatalytic particles 20 (CeO2). The polishing platen 1 is relatively rubbed against a to-be-polished surface 30A of a substrate 30 made of silicon carbide (SiC) or diamond (C) while pressing the polishing platen 1 to the to-be-polished surface 30A of the substrate 30 with a very high pressure, thereby the to-be-polished surface 30A is oxidized by the solid photocatalytic particles 20 to perform chemical polishing. The oxidation of the to-be-polished surface 30A is promoted by applying ultraviolet radiation from an ultraviolet source lamp 2, and polishing is promoted by heating by an infrared source lamp 3. |
| US08008201B2 |
Aqueous cerium oxide dispersion
Aqueous cerium oxide dispersion Aqueous cerium oxide dispersion, containing 5 to 60% by weight cerium oxide. It can be used to polish SiO2 in the semiconductor industry. |
| US08008200B2 |
Poison-free and low ULK damage integration scheme for damascene interconnects
A method of forming a dual damascene structure is disclosed. A lower dielectric hardmask layer and an upper dielectric hardmask layer are deposited on an ultra low-k film. A first via is formed in the upper hardmask layer. Next, a first trench is formed using a tri-layer resist scheme. Finally, a full via and a full trench are formed simultaneously. An optional etch-stop layer can be used in the ultra low-k layer to control trench depth. |
| US08008199B2 |
Microstructure modification in copper interconnect structure
Cobalt is added to a copper seed layer, a copper plating layer, or a copper capping layer in order to modify the microstructure of copper lines and vias. The cobalt can be in the form of a copper-cobalt alloy or as a very thin cobalt layer. The grain boundaries configured in bamboo microstructure in the inventive metal interconnect structure shut down copper grain boundary diffusion. The composition of the metal interconnect structure after grain growth contains from about 1 ppm to about 10% of cobalt in atomic concentration. Grain boundaries extend from a top surface of a copper-cobalt alloy line to a bottom surface of the copper-cobalt alloy line, and are separated from any other grain boundary by a distance greater than a width of the copper-cobalt alloy line. |
| US08008192B2 |
Conductive interconnect structures and formation methods using supercritical fluids
Conductive interconnect structures and formation methods using supercritical fluids are disclosed. A method in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes forming a via in a substrate, with the via having a width and a length generally transverse to the width, and with a length being approximately 100 microns or more. The method can further include disposing a conductive material in the via while the via is exposed to a supercritical fluid. For example, copper can be disposed in the via by introducing a copper-containing precursor into the supercritical fluid and precipitating the copper from the supercritical fluid. Interconnect structures can be formed using this technique in a single generally continuous process, and can produce conductive structures having a generally uniform grain structure across the width of the via. |
| US08008190B2 |
Method of manufacturing semiconductor device
Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device which includes: providing an insulating film formed above a semiconductor substrate with a processed portion; supplying a surface of the processed portion of the insulating film with a primary reactant from a reaction of a raw material including at least a Si-containing compound; and subjecting the primary reactant to dehydration condensation to form a silicon oxide film on the surface of the processed portion. |
| US08008189B2 |
Semiconductor device manufacturing method, semiconductor device, and semiconductor wafer structure
A semiconductor device manufacturing method, includes the steps of forming an insulating film over a semiconductor substrate, thinning selectively a thick portion, whose film thickness is thicker than a reference value, of the insulating film, forming contact holes in a thinned portion of the insulating film 25, and forming conductive plugs in the contact holes. |
| US08008177B2 |
Method for fabricating semiconductor device using a nickel salicide process
A method for fabricating a semiconductor device is provided using a nickel salicide process. The method includes forming a gate pattern and a source/drain region on a silicon substrate, forming a Ni-based metal layer for silicide on the silicon substrate where the gate pattern and the source/drain region are formed, and forming an N-rich titanium nitride layer on the Ni-based metal layer for silicide. Next, a thermal treatment is applied to the silicon substrate where the Ni-based metal layer for silicide and the N-rich titanium nitride layer are formed, thereby forming a nickel silicide on each of the gate pattern and the source/drain region. Then, the Ni-based metal layer for silicide and the N-rich titanium nitride layer are selectively removed to expose a top portion of a nickel silicide layer formed on the gate pattern and the source/drain region. Thus, as the N-rich titanium nitride layer is formed on the Ni-based metal layer for silicide, a silicide residue is prevented from forming a spacer and a field region formed of a field oxide layer. |
| US08008174B2 |
Continuous feed chemical vapor deposition
Embodiments of the invention generally relate to a method for forming a multi-layered material during a continuous chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. In one embodiment, a method for forming a multi-layered material during a continuous CVD process is provided which includes continuously advancing a plurality of wafers through a deposition system having at least four deposition zones. Multiple layers of materials are deposited on each wafer, such that one layer is deposited at each deposition zone. The methods provide advancing each wafer through each deposition zone while depositing a first layer from the first deposition zone, a second layer from the second deposition zone, a third layer from the third deposition zone, and a fourth layer from the fourth deposition zone. Embodiments described herein may be utilized to form an assortment of materials on wafers or substrates, especially for forming Group III/V materials on GaAs wafers. |
| US08008165B2 |
Nitride semiconductor wafer and method of processing nitride semiconductor wafer
Nitride semiconductor wafers which are produced by epitaxially grown nitride films on a foreign undersubstrate in vapor phase have strong inner stress due to misfit between the nitride and the undersubstrate material. A GaN wafer which has made by piling GaN films upon a GaAs undersubstrate in vapor phase and eliminating the GaAs undersubstrate bends upward due to the inner stress owing to the misfit of lattice constants between GaN and GaAs. |
| US08008159B2 |
Semiconductor device and semiconductor device manufacturing method
A semiconductor device includes: a first interlayer insulating film; a first conductive member provided lower than the first interlayer insulating film; a contact plug that penetrates through the first interlayer insulating film, and is electrically connected to the first conductive member, the contact plug including a small-diameter part, and a large-diameter part arranged on the small-diameter part, an outer diameter of the large-diameter part being larger than an outer diameter of the small-diameter part, and the outer diameter of the large-diameter part being larger than an outer diameter of a connection face between the second conductive member and the large-diameter part; and a second conductive member that is provided on the first interlayer insulating film, and is electrically connected to the contact plug. |
| US08008158B2 |
Dopant implantation method using multi-step implants
A method of forming a dopant implant region in a MOS transistor device having a dopant profile having a target dopant concentration includes implanting a first concentration of dopants into a region of a substrate, where the first concentration of dopants is less than the target dopant concentration, and without annealing the substrate after the implanting step, performing at least one second implanting step to implant at least one second concentration of dopants into the region of the substrate to bring the dopant concentration in the region to the target dopant concentration. |