最新美国发明专利
Document Document Title
US07827623B2 Wearing article and method of manufacturing the same
A wearing article (4 to 4D) includes a main body (5 to 5D) having a front part (P), a back part (Q) and a crotch part (R) coupling the front part (P) and the back part (Q). The main body (5A to 5D) includes a pair of waist edges (T) opposed to each other and a pair of leg edges (S) opposed to each other. A shirring (15) is so formed in a substantially widthwise middle portion of the crotch part (R) of the main body (5 to 5D) as to shorten a space between the front part (P) and the back part (Q). A ratio of the length (L1) of the crotch part (R) along the forward and backward direction (X) to a length (L2) between the pair of waist edges (T) is 1:15 to 1:2.
US07827622B2 Magnetic device for slidable adjustment
A magnetic fastening device with discrete slidable adjustments, comprising first and second sheets, each having a plurality of magnetic section elements with first and second poles disposed in alternating groups defining predetermined abutting patterns. The magnetic section elements are abuttingly disposed in two groups. In one group, the elements' magnetic field is disposed in one direction perpendicular to the sheets. In the other group, the elements' field is disposed in the opposite direction. The groups repeat themselves in an alternating pattern. The movement of the first and second sheets is constrained to keep them in an abutting relationship with respect to each other over a predetermined path over the first and second sheets, thereby permitting the sheets to be slidably movable along a predetermined distance relative to each other in discrete steps that overcome the attraction and repulsion forces of the magnetic section elements upon the application of a pulling force of a predetermined magnitude.
US07827617B2 Chin strap assembly for helmet
A helmet chin strap assembly includes a nape pad that is adjustably attached to straps extending below the ears of the user. The straps of the assembly are connected to a helmet by a coupling unit including an anchor strap and a plastic or polymeric reinforcement member attached to the strap. The strap and the reinforcement member are provided with aligned holes through which a threaded post is inserted to cooperate with a bolt or screw to attach the anchor strap to a helmet.
US07832014B2 System and method for providing content in two formats on one DRM disk
A DRM disk such as a Blu-ray stores content in a high resolution version for playing by a disk player. The disk also stores the same content in a lower resolution version for playing by a secondary device such as a Playstation Portable (PSP). The disk can be engaged with the disk player and the lower resolution format transferred to the secondary player through a mechanism such as a removable medium (e.g., a Sony Memory Stick®) or a USB connection or other means in accordance with DRM restrictions on the disk.
US07832013B2 Method for analyzing security grade of information property
A method for analyzing a security grade of an information property, and more particularly, a method by which a security grade (a risk degree in security) is analyzed objectively and quantitatively such that risk degree management of an information property can be efficiently performed, is provided. The method for analyzing a security grade of an information property includes: selecting an information property as an object of security grade analysis, among information properties for which risk degree analysis and importance evaluation in managerial, physical, and technological aspects are performed; calculating the property risk degree of the selected property based on the weighted mean of risk degrees and importance evaluation; and mapping the weighted mean of the risk degree and the importance on a 2-dimensional plane having the X-axis indicating the weighted mean of a risk degree and the Y-axis indicating importance, and based on the appearing result, determining the priority of a safeguard.
US07832008B1 Protection of computer resources
In one embodiment, local software code present in a computer system enables real-time detection of whether the computer system is properly protected against malicious attacks from harmful software. For example, software code such as one or more agents executing in the computer system support real-time protection validation based upon detection of the behavior of the computer system (as opposed to mere detection of the presence of resources or applications in the computer system). In response to detecting that the computer system or an application accesses or provides a particular type of resource and should be protected via one or more appropriate protection policies, if the computer system is not already protected, an agent of the computer system can provide immediate remediation (e.g., a security measure) to temporarily protect the computer system until the appropriate protection policy can be activated to protect the computer system against malicious software threats.
US07832003B2 Walled gardens
The subject invention provides a unique system and method that facilitates a controlled communication environment which allows a user to participate in a plurality of privacy contexts with other people in a simultaneous manner in an online community. A user can assign or define varying levels of privacy to his/her information or content to control the visibility of such information by others. In particular, a first user can maintain one or more “gardens” or stores of content which may be accessible to at least a subset of the online community. Access to the contents of any one garden can be based on the privacy level of the garden and the privacy level (e.g., access parameters) granted to the person. The privacy levels and arrangement of content can be hierarchal and/or non-overlapping. Thus, a user can seamlessly communicate with multiple users at the same time regardless of their context or privacy level while maintaining the privacy boundaries of each garden.
US07831999B2 System and method for single security administration
A method for providing single security administration comprising the steps of: allowing a client (e.g. a Tuxedo client) to access a default security plugin; issuing a call (e.g. tpinit) to an LDAP authentication server at a first (e.g. Tuxedo) server; passing query user information from the LDAP authentication server to an embedded LDAP server at a second (e.g. WLS) server; returning corresponding user information to the LDAP authentication server; and, providing an authentication token for use by the client.
US07831998B2 Changing states of communication links in computer networks in an authenticated manner
A protocol for closing all active communication links between one device (110.1) and one or more other devices in a group provides that the first device sets up the group by generating an input to a predefined function (e.g. one-way function) according to some random distribution, computing the output of the one-way function, and sharing the output value with all other devices in the group. Then to close all communication links, the first device broadcasts the stored input to all other devices in the group. The other devices may check that the one-way function applied to this input results in the shared output value, and if so, close the communication link.
US07831996B2 Authentication techniques
Techniques for authenticating clients of differing capabilities in an efficient manner. Two or more authentication techniques, including one preferred authentication technique, are initiated to run in parallel to authenticate a client. Upon determining that the client can support the preferred authentication technique, the preferred technique is used to authenticate the client and the other authentication techniques are aborted. If it is determined that the client cannot support the preferred authentication technique, then one of the other authentication techniques is used to authenticate the client. In this manner, based upon the capabilities of the client, an appropriate authentication technique is used to authenticate the client in an efficient manner.
US07831995B2 Establishing and enforcing security and privacy policies in web-based applications
Method, system, and computer code for implementing security and privacy policy in a web application having an execution environment in which a representation of each object handled by the execution environment accommodates data and an associated tag. An inbound tagging rule is established for tagging inbound objects according to a respective source of each of the inbound objects. A tag is assigned to an object being operated on by the execution environment based on the inbound tagging rule. A security/privacy rule is established for performing security/privacy actions on outbound objects according to a respective tag of each of the outbound objects. A security/privacy action is performed on the object being operated on by the execution environment based on the security/privacy rule.
US07831989B1 Intelligent asset management in a cable services system
Methods and systems are provided for intelligently managing on-demand content in a cable services system. High demand video programs (e.g., movies, documentaries, mini-series, educational films, and the like) are stored at cable system hubs that service a number of individual cable customers. When a given video program is requested, the requested title is steamed from the hub servicing the requesting customer rather than streaming the requested program from the cable system head end. The video programs cached at the cable system hubs are determined based on attributes associated with individual video programs including time since initial release, association with other programs, association with hub locations, association with current events, and the like.
US07831987B2 Program selecting method
A program selecting method includes the steps of: storing still pictures or motion pictures of specific scenes of a plurality of viewed programs selected in a predetermined period; presenting the pictures of the specific scenes corresponding to a plurality of programs viewed in the past, during operation of program selection; and selecting the viewed program corresponding to the picture selected by operation of selecting the pictures presented.
US07831985B2 Disk clamp mechanism and disk device
A disk clamp mechanism includes a disk clamper (13), a main chassis (11), a disk clamper pushing member (14) and a resilient member (15). The disk clamper (13) has a contact surface (13a) contacting a disk, and a convex portion (13b) on a side opposite to the contact surface (13a). The main chassis (11) includes a frame body (11a) and a disk clamper holding member (11b) for holding the disk clamper (13). The disk clamper pushing member (14) has a pushing surface (14d) that pushes the convex portion (13b) of the disk clamper (13) toward the disk, and first and second end portions (14a, 14b) provided on both sides of the pushing surface (14d). The first end portion (14a) is swingably supported by the main chassis (11). The resilient member (15) urges the second end portion (14b) of the disk clamper pushing member (14) in the direction in which the pushing surface (14d) pushes the disk.
US07831984B2 Disk drive with established resonance frequencies for damper member
A disk drive includes a disk rotating unit, a traverse base holding the disk rotating unit, a damper member holding the traverse base, a main unit holding the traverse base through the damper member, a tray mounting a cartridge housing the disk, a driving unit that loads or ejects the tray and moves the disk in the cartridge relative to the disk rotating unit, and a traverse base holding member that is moved vertically by the driving unit relative to the main unit at the time of tray loading or tray ejection. The traverse base is held by the traverse base holding member through the damper member, and the resonance frequencies of the damper member in the radius direction of the disk as it is being loaded and in the direction of a rotation shaft are set higher than the maximum rotational frequency of the disk.
US07831982B2 Service aggregation in a service oriented architecture
Various techniques for processing service operations and for developing a service interface in a service oriented data architecture are provided. When processing a service request, a first service implementation is executed in a first operation mode. The first service implementation calls at least one second service implementation, which is executed in a second operation mode. When developing a service interface, at least one aggregated service object and at least one aggregated service operation are defined, the aggregated service operation using the aggregated service object such that the aggregation structure of the aggregated service operation matches the aggregation structure of the aggregated service object.
US07831979B2 Processor with instruction-based interrupt handling
A processor comprises memory circuitry and processing circuitry coupled to the memory circuitry. The processing circuitry is operative to retrieve from the memory circuitry an interrupt polling instruction which causes selection of an active enabled interrupt and generation of an interrupt vector for the selected active enabled interrupt. In conjunction with the selection and generation operations, an execution context of a program thread is stored in the memory circuitry, the stored execution context being utilizable to resume the program thread at an appropriate time subsequent to interruption of that thread.
US07831977B2 Shared file system cache in a virtual machine or LPAR environment
Computer system, method and program for defining first and second virtual machines and a memory shared by the first and second virtual machines. A filesystem cache resides in the shared memory. A lock structure resides in the shared memory to record which virtual machine, if any, currently has an exclusive lock for writing to the cache. The first virtual machine includes a first program function to acquire the exclusive lock when available by manipulation of the lock structure, and a second program function active after the first virtual machine acquires the exclusive lock, to write to the cache. The lock structure is directly accessible by the first program function. The cache is directly accessible by the second program function. The second virtual machine includes a third program function to acquire the exclusive lock when available by manipulation of the lock structure, and a fourth program function active after the second virtual machine acquires the exclusive lock, to write to the cache. The lock structure is directly accessible by the third program function. The cache is directly accessible by the fourth program function. Another computer system, method and program is embodied in logical partitions of a real computer, instead of virtual machines.
US07831974B2 Method and apparatus for serialized mutual exclusion
A mechanism that associates a mutual exclusion lock with a shared data item and provides ownership of the mutual exclusion lock to multiple execution threads that execute code operating on the shared data item in a sequential order.
US07831972B2 Method and apparatus for scheduling jobs on a network
An apparatus and method for scheduling a job process on at least one node in a server data processing network. The scheduling is based on a state of at least two nodes in the network as well as a cost metric of installing a required application on at least one of the nodes in the network of nodes. The apparatus and method gathers metrics indicating properties associated with at least two nodes on the network, the metrics including a presence of an application necessary for running the process. A first cost factor for scheduling the process on a node in the network having the application necessary for running the process is compared with a second cost factor for scheduling the process on a node in the network that does not have the application necessary for running the process. Finally, a node in the network is selected for scheduling the process.
US07831965B1 Method and apparatus for facilitating intermediate linking of binary files in a virtual machine
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that resolves references in an in-place execution file for a platform-independent virtual machine into physical addresses. During operation, the system receives an in-place execution file in which references have been replaced with in-place encoded metadata specifying attributes of the references. The system then resolves a reference by obtaining in-place encoded metadata for the reference from a location in the in-place execution file, using the in-place encoded metadata to determine an address of an associated referent, and then replacing the in-place encoded metadata at the location in the in-place execution file with the address of the referent.
US07831963B2 Method for tracing a program executed on a system comprising a plurality of processing units, and a system comprising a plurality of processing units
In a method for tracing a program according to the present invention, a processing unit that executes a program, generates a task control block corresponding to the program based on a tracer storage destination/trace information output destination storage area, which makes a correspondence between the storage destination of a tracer and the output destination of trace information in a primary storage area for each of the plurality of processing units, specifies to output the trace information to a trace information output destination area specified in the task control block when executing the trace process, and executes the tracer specified in the task control block.
US07831959B1 Method and apparatus to manage configuration for multiple file server appliances
A system and method are provided to manage configuration of multiple file server appliances. The method comprises obtaining a source configuration from a storage server, and pushing a target configuration associated with the source configuration to one or more target storage servers.
US07831955B2 Development and execution platform
An architecture for development and execution of a system for implementing business logic includes an engine providing management of the system and execution of the business logic. A single service-side interface connects the engine to service side plug-in modules, and a single resource side interface connects the engine with resource-side plug-in modules. The server-side and resource-side plug-in modules connect to users and resources, respectively. The single interfaces conform the plug-in module interfaces to one interface to communicate with the engine. The single interfaces employ a single command definition. Development code defining the business logic is written by a user and executed by the engine.
US07831950B2 Method and system for designing printed circuit board for electronic circuit
Disclosed is a method including a step for selecting a component, a step for preparing a timing database including terminal information, input/output attribute and AC specifications of the component selected, a step for creating a circuit diagram from circuit design information, a step for extracting connection information and performing timing verification, when component connection has been determined, a step for performing layout design including the placement and routing of the components, a step for extracting wiring lengths of a data line and a clock line for the components from a net list and the layout information to derive the wiring delay time of the data and clock lines, a step for checking, from the wiring delay time derived, whether or not a timing constraint for the component is met.
US07831945B2 Manufacturing a clock distribution network in an integrated circuit
A method of designing a clock distribution network in an integrated circuit, the method including: creating a clock distribution network with all cells having a maximum drive strength; supplying parameters of the clock distribution network to a timing analysis tool; in the timing analysis tool, analyzing the timing of the clock distribution network in an iterative process including manipulating the drive strength of at least one cell in the clock distribution network and assessing whether there is an improvement in the timing, wherein the iterative process ceases where there is no improvement in the timing; and outputting a list of cells for which the drive strength was changed.
US07831943B1 Checking for valid slice packing in a programmable device
A method of determining validity of slice packing for a programmable device can include identifying a slice topology for a slice, identifying a circuit fragment assigned to the slice, and generating a set of Boolean equations describing conditions for mapping the circuit fragment to the slice according to the slice topology. The method further can include determining whether a solution to the set of Boolean equations exists and indicating whether the slice is validly packed according to whether a solution for the set of Boolean equations is determined.
US07831932B2 Electric device control apparatus and methods for making and using same
An electrical switch apparatus including a movement sensitive form is disclosed. The apparatus includes a housing, a motion sensor and a processing unit, where motion on, near or about the motion sensor is translated into output commands adapted for list scrolling, where the list can be arranged in a hierarchy such as menus or for changing a value of an attribute of a electrical device under the control of the switch.
US07831931B2 Successively displaying panels in a computer user interface
Successively displaying panels in a computer user interface. A method includes displaying a first panel of a plurality of panels. Each of the panels includes different information. The computer user interface has a plurality of navigation controls by which a user can navigate to any of the panels to access its information. A first setting of the navigation controls causes the first panel to be displayed. A user input requesting access to a second panel is received, there being at least two settings of the navigation controls that will cause the second panel to be displayed. The method includes ceasing to display the first panel and displaying the second panel using one of the at least two different settings by which more of the navigation controls remain unchanged from the first setting. Methods may be used in hierarchies and in arrangements that do not form trees.
US07831930B2 System and method for displaying a user interface for a remote control application
A hand-held electronic device having a remote control application user interface that functions to displays operational mode information to a user. The graphical user interface may be used, for example, to setup the remote control application to control appliances for one or more users in one or more rooms, to perform activities, and to access favorites. The remote control application is also adapted to be upgradeable. Furthermore, the remote control application provides for the sharing of operational mode information.
US07831924B2 Method and apparatus to control the display of windows in a processing system
A processing system may include a display device, a primary window manager, and an auxiliary window manager. The primary window manager may display a first remote-enabled window in the display device. The processing system may also include a program to generate a mouse-enabled window, and the primary window manager may prevent the mouse-enabled window from displaying in front of the first remote-enabled window. The auxiliary window manager may detect an attempt to display the mouse-enabled window, and, in response, may automatically display a second remote-enabled window in front of the first remote-enabled window. The second remote-enabled window may include an object that a user can select with a remote control to instruct the processing system to display the mouse-enabled window. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07831920B2 Method and apparatus for utilizing prescribed aspect(s) of feedback object select operation to indicate user feedback of hypermedia content unit
A computer implemented method for gathering user feedback of one or more units of hypermedia content. Notice is made available to a user explaining a preestablished mapping between (1) at least one prescribed aspect of an operation of performing a predefined SELECT function to feedback objects and (2) user-indicated opinion of content units. Feedback objects comprise predetermined types of display objects provided to depart content units for different content units. Responsive to a user positioning a cursor upon a feedback object of a current content unit and performing the SELECT function, user-indicated opinion of the current content unit is ascertained by applying the preestablished mapping to the prescribed aspect of how the SELECT function was performed. Storage is initiated for a machine-readable record of the ascertained user-indicated opinion.
US07831916B2 Method, system, and program for creating, recording, and distributing digital stream contents
There is provided a method of creating a digital stream contents to be distributed via a network from an input stream signal such as a video signal and an audio signal with a simple operation. A new moving image file is created every time a “NEW” button is clicked at such as a point where scenes of an image switch, and a moving image data from such point until the “NEW” button is clicked again is stored in the moving image file. Further, a speaker name and a slide file name of each scene may be obtained from a file which is prepared separately, and recorded in an administration file in relation with a corresponding moving image file name and a time code. The moving image file may however be a single file which is not separated for every scene.
US07831915B2 Dynamically protecting against web resources associated with undesirable activities
Various embodiments provide protection against web resources associated with one or more undesirable activities. In at least some embodiments, a method detects and responds to a user-initiated activity on a computing device. Responding can include, by way of example and not limitation, checking locally, on the computing device, whether a web resource that is associated with the user-initiated activity has been identified as being associated with a safe site. Furthermore, in at least some embodiments, the method checks remotely, away from the computing device, whether the web resource is identified as being at least possibly associated with one or more undesirable activities.
US07831911B2 Spell checking system including a phonetic speller
A spell checking system includes a letter spelling engine. The letter spelling engine is configured to select a plurality of candidate letter target strings that closely match a misspelled source string. The spell checking system includes a phoneme spelling engine. The phoneme spelling engine is configured to select a plurality of candidate phoneme target strings that closely match the misspelled source string. A ranker module is configured to combine the candidate letter target strings and the candidate phoneme target strings into a combined list of candidate target strings. The ranker module is also configured to rank the list of candidate target strings to provide a list of best candidate target strings for the misspelled source string.
US07831903B2 Method and device for coding and decoding structured documents
A method is disclosed for coding a structured document, wherein a plurality of codes is generated by use of one or more schemata and/or name spaces. For a schema and/or a name space and/or for a group of schemata and/or name spaces independent codes for the elements defined or declared in the schemata and/or in the groups of schemata and/or name spaces are allocated. For every schema and/or name space an allocation to additional schemata and/or name spaces is carried out. A corresponding coding method, a coding device, a decoding device and a coding/decoding device are also disclosed.
US07831898B2 Content replacement in electronically-provided archived material
A document, publication or a portion of a publication containing collateral information (e.g. advertisements) is delivered in electronic form, preferably appearing electronically as it appears in traditional printed form. Collateral information associated with the document, publication or portion of the publication is dynamically replaced, enabling the user to potentially receive more useful and relevant information and enabling the publisher to potentially generate new revenue from the replaced collateral information.
US07831894B2 Address generation for contention-free memory mappings of turbo codes with ARP (almost regular permutation) interleaves
Address generation for contention-free memory mappings of turbo codes with ARP (almost regular permutation) interleaves. A novel means is presented by which anticipatory address generation is employed using an index function that is based on an address mapping which corresponds to an interleave inverse order of decoding processing (π−1). In accordance with parallel turbo decoding processing, instead of performing the natural order phase decoding processing by accessing data elements from memory bank locations sequentially, the accessing of addresses is performed based on the index function that is based on an mapping and the interleave (π) employed within the turbo coding. In other words, the accessing data elements from memory bank locations is not sequential for natural order phase decoding processing. The index function also allows for the interleave (π) order phase decoding processing to be performed by accessing data elements from memory bank locations sequentially.
US07831893B2 Reduced state trellis decoder using programmable trellis parameters
A programmable decoder includes at least one programming input for a plurality of programmable, reduced state trellis parameters. A programmable device is connected to the at least one programming input and implements a Reduced-State Sequence Estimation (RSSE) decoder comprising at least one reduced-state trellis structure based upon the plurality of programmable reduced-state trellis parameters, including one of at least the number of super-states, the number of full-states, the number of branches per super-state, a reverse super-state trellis table, a decoder super-state survivor as a full-state, a forward full-state table, a full-state to super-state mapping table, a decoder super-state path metric and decoder super-state traceback array.
US07831890B2 Resource sharing in a telecommunications environment
A transceiver is designed to share memory and processing power amongst a plurality of transmitter and/or receiver latency paths, in a communications transceiver that carries or supports multiple applications. For example, the transmitter and/or receiver latency paths of the transceiver can share an interleaver/deinterleaver memory. This allocation can be done based on the data rate, latency, BER, impulse noise protection requirements of the application, data or information being transported over each latency path, or in general any parameter associated with the communications system.
US07831884B2 Method of correcting message errors using cyclic redundancy checks
A method of correcting errors in a message transmitted over a digital communication channel, where the message was encoded using a CRC for purposes of error detection. A parity-check matrix representation of the CRC is computed for any fixed-length message, and that parity-check matrix is combined with the parity-check matrix for any error correcting code that used in conjunction with the CRC. The combined parity-check matrix is extended using sparsification algorithms to allow it to work well under a message passing decoder (MPD). Received messages are decoded using the message passing decoder, making it possible to correct more errors than if the CRC were decoded in a conventional manner.
US07831882B2 Memory system with error detection and retry modes of operation
A memory system includes a link having at least one signal line and a controller. The controller includes at least one transmitter coupled to the link to transmit first data, and a first error protection generator coupled to the transmitter. The first error protection generator dynamically adds an error detection code to at least a portion of the first data. At least one receiver is coupled to the link to receive second data. A first error detection logic determines if the second data received by the controller contains at least one error and, if an error is detected, asserts a first error condition. The system includes a memory device having at least one memory device transmitter coupled to the link to transmit the second data. A second error protection generator coupled to the memory device transmitter dynamically adds an error detection code to at least a portion of the second data.
US07831881B2 Apparatus and method for hybrid detection of memory data
The data detecting apparatus may provide a voltage comparison unit that compares a reference voltage, associated with a specific data bit from among a plurality of data bits stored in a memory cell, with a threshold voltage in the memory cell, a detection unit that detects a value of the specific data bit based on a result of the voltage comparison unit, and a decision unit that decides whether the specific data bit is successfully detected based on whether an error occurs in the detected data. The detection unit may re-detect a value of the specific data bit based on detection information with respect to at least one of an upper data bit and a lower data bit in relation to the specific data bit, in response to a result of the decision unit.
US07831874B2 Local defect memories on semiconductor substrates in a stack computer
A reconfigurable high performance computer includes a stack of semiconductor substrate assemblies (SSAs). Some SSAs involve FPGA dice that are surface mounted, as bare dice, to a semiconductor substrate. Other SSAs involve memory dice that are surface mounted to a semiconductor substrate. Elastomeric connectors are sandwiched between, and interconnect, adjacent semiconductor substrates proceeding down the stack. Each SSA includes a local defect memory and a self-test mechanism. The self-test mechanism periodically tests the SSA and its interconnects, and stores resulting defect information into its local defect memory. The computer is configured to realize a user design and then is run. A defect is then detected. If the defect is determined to be in a part of the computer used in the realization of user design, then the computer is reconfigured not to use the defective part and running of the computer is resumed, otherwise the computer resumes running without reconfiguration.
US07831873B1 Method and apparatus for detecting sudden temperature/voltage changes in integrated circuits
An integrated circuit is used to monitor and process parametric variations, such as temperature and voltage variations. An integrated circuit may include a temperature-sensitive oscillator circuit and a temperature-insensitive oscillator circuit, and frequency difference between the two sources may be monitored. In some embodiments, a parametric-insensitive reference oscillator is used as a reference to measure frequency performance of a second oscillator wherein the second oscillator performance is parametric-sensitive. The measured frequency performance is then compared to a tamper threshold and the result of the comparison is indicative of tampering.
US07831868B2 Process for software support resource allocation based on analysis of categorized field problems
A method and system estimates future software support requirements based on statistical models of previous observations of support requests, either for the same product or for a different product having features previously identified as correlated with features of a new product. The estimates include an estimated volume of support requests and an estimated type of support requests. The estimated types include the activity occurring at the time of the failure, an identifier as to whether a defect in the software was previously known, and the like. The estimates are used to estimate and allocate support resources prior to support requests being received, and prior to a software product being released.
US07831866B2 Link failure detection in a parallel computer
Methods, apparatus, and products are disclosed for link failure detection in a parallel computer including compute nodes connected in a rectangular mesh network, each pair of adjacent compute nodes in the rectangular mesh network connected together using a pair of links, that includes: assigning each compute node to either a first group or a second group such that adjacent compute nodes in the rectangular mesh network are assigned to different groups; sending, by each of the compute nodes assigned to the first group, a first test message to each adjacent compute node assigned to the second group; determining, by each of the compute nodes assigned to the second group, whether the first test message was received from each adjacent compute node assigned to the first group; and notifying a user, by each of the compute nodes assigned to the second group, whether the first test message was received.
US07831863B2 Method for enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of a VLSI chip
A diagnostic process applicable to VLSI designs to address the accuracy of diagnostic resolution. Environmentally based fail data drives adaptive test methods which hone the test pattern set and fail data collection for successful diagnostic resolution. Environmentally based fail data is used in diagnostic simulation to achieve a more accurate environmentally based fault callout. When needed, additional information is included in the process to further refine and define the simulation or callout result. Similarly, as needed adaptive test pattern generation methods are employed to result in enhanced diagnostic resolution.
US07831860B2 System and method for testing redundancy and hot-swapping capability of a redundant power supply
A system for testing redundancy and hot-swapping capability of a redundant power supply includes a power switch fixture, a system under test (SUT), and a computing device. The power switch fixture includes a processor, an alternating current (AC) source, a first relay, a second, and two AC outputs. The processor is configured for controlling the AC source to output voltage to the two AC outputs by switching one of the first and the second relay on and the first and the second relay off, so as to ensure that one of the first power supply and the second power supply is operable to provide power to the SUT. The SUT includes a redundant power supply that includes a first power supply and a second power supply. The computing device includes a test control unit for testing redundancy and hot-swapping capability of the redundant power supply.
US07831857B2 Method and system for recovering from operating system crash or failure
A method of recovering from an operating system crash or failure in a first memory. Upon detecting the crash or failure, a second memory provided as auxiliary memory to the first memory and being of equal size to the first memory is initialized, the operating system is booted in the second memory, content of the first memory is dumped to a dump storage device, and the first memory is prepared for use as auxiliary memory.
US07831856B1 Detection of timing errors in programmable logic devices
In one example, a method of detecting timing errors in a configuration of a programmable logic device (PLD) includes performing a timing analysis on the PLD configuration. The PLD configuration is adapted to configure the PLD to perform a data transfer between a first clock domain synchronized by a first clock signal received by a double data rate (DDR) block of the PLD configuration and a second clock domain synchronized by a second clock signal received by the DDR block. The method includes calculating a slack value associated with the data transfer using a first delay associated with the first clock signal, a second delay associated with the second clock signal, and a time constraint associated with the data transfer. The first delay and the second delay are provided by the timing analysis. The method includes determining whether the PLD configuration satisfies the time constraint based on the slack value.
US07831852B2 Power supply management system for changing the path of an internal power supply of a device
The power supply management system is provided with an information processor and a terminal that is connected to the information processor by a communication line and a power supply line and that is controlled for power supply by the information processor. The terminal includes a monitor unit that is capable of monitoring at least any one of a signal received from the outside through the communication line and a signal detected inside by using the electric power supplied through the power supply line and a change unit that changes an internal power supply path so as to supply electric power other than the electric power supplied through the power supply line on the basis of the monitoring results of the monitor unit.
US07831847B2 Integrated circuit with power control and power control method thereof
Power management methods for integrated circuits are disclosed. A system core block is disposed in a chip and comprises a central processing unit. A power control block is disposed in the chip and comprises a power management mechanism coupled to a power supply to control the supply of power to the system core block. The power management mechanism outputs a power down signal and stops supply of power to the system core block according to a power saving mode setting signal from the central processor unit and starts the supply of power to the system core block according to a power saving mode release signal.
US07831845B2 Power-up circuit and semiconductor memory apparatus with the same
A power-up circuit includes a power-up signal generating section connected to an external source terminal, configured to generate a power-up signal when the external source reaches a predetermined target level, and to selectively interrupt a path from the external source terminal in response to a selection signal. A pulse generating section generates a pulse with a predetermined pulse width to control an initializing operation with reference to an activation time of the power-up signal. A power-up controlling section provides the power-up signal generating section with the selection signal, variable by the pulse, when the power-up signal is active.
US07831843B2 Apparatus and methods for managing power in an information handling system
A method of controlling power supplies in an information handling system, comprising measuring a power consumption of each of a plurality of electrical devices in the information handling system and adjusting a number of operating power supplies based at least in part on the measured power consumption of each of the plurality of electrical devices.
US07831842B2 Processor for controlling performance in accordance with a chip temperature, information processing apparatus, and method of controlling processor
A heat generation amount estimation unit acquires the number of sub processors currently in operation, acquires the current operating frequency, and estimates the amount of heat generation after a period Δt. A temperature control unit estimates the temperature after the period Δt based on the current temperature input from a temperature sensor and the amount of heat generation estimated, and compares it with a predetermined threshold temperature. If the predetermined threshold temperature is reached, the temperature control unit acquires the number of sub processors available in parallel after the period Δt from a task management unit, and consults a performance table to determine which operation point to shift to. A sub processor control unit and a frequency control unit switch to the number of sub processors in operation and the operating frequency accordingly. The performance table lists possible operation points in order of performance.
US07831837B1 Encoding token commands/data within data streams for standard interfaces
A method of communicating within a system that includes a device, a controller for the device, a token, and a driver which implements a predefined interface for enabling communication with and/or control of the device through the controller, the method involving: via the predefined interface, receiving instructions and/or data at the controller from the driver for controlling the device; via the predefined interface, receiving at the controller a preselected control parameter indicating that communication with the token is desired; and in response to receiving the preselected control parameter, directing communications to the token.
US07831835B2 Authentication and authorization in heterogeneous networks
A apparatus, system, and network elements for authentication and authorization of a mobile terminal (MT) roaming to or in a foreign network different from its home network is provided, the home network having an authentication and authorization home server (AAAH), and the foreign network having a plurality of domains each of which comprises at least one local server (AAAL1, AAAL2) for authentication, authorization and accounting, each of which local servers being connected to at least one network access server (NAS) for handling access for mobile terminals roaming to or in the foreign network, wherein an authentication and authorization of the mobile terminal is performed whenever the mobile terminal performs a roaming, wherein the authentication and authorization is performed according to a procedure pursuant to one of a plurality of hierarchy levels, whereby a combination of network elements involved in the roaming determines the hierarchy level to be used.
US07831829B2 Identity-based encryption system
A system is provided that uses identity-based encryption to support secure communications. Messages from a sender to a receiver may be encrypted using the receiver's identity and public parameters that have been generated by a private key generator associated with the receiver. The private key generator associated with the receiver generates a private key for the receiver. The encrypted message may be decrypted by the receiver using the receiver's private key. The system may have multiple private key generators, each with a separate set of public parameters. Directory services may be used to provide a sender that is associated with one private key generator with appropriate public parameters to use when encrypting messages for a receiver that is associated with a different private key generator. A certification authority may be used to sign directory entries for the directory service. A clearinghouse may be used to avoid duplicative directory entries.
US07831822B2 Real-time stateful packet inspection method and apparatus
A real-time stateful packet inspection method and apparatus is provided, which uses a session table processing method that can efficiently generate state information. In the apparatus, a session table stores session data of a packet received from an external network. A hash key generator hashes a parameter extracted from the received packet and generates a hash pointer of the session table corresponding to the packet. A session detection module searches the session table for a session corresponding to the received packet. A session management module performs management of the session table such as addition, deletion, and change of sessions of the session table. A packet inspection module generates state information corresponding to the received packet from both directionality information of the packet and entry header information of the packet stored in the session table and then inspects the packet based on the generated state information.
US07831819B2 Filter micro-coded accelerator
Method and apparatus for a filter micro-code accelerator are described.
US07831817B2 Two-level branch prediction apparatus
A two-level branch prediction apparatus includes branch bias logic for predicting whether a branch instruction will result in a branch being taken. Upon receipt of a first address portion of a branch instruction's address, a first store outputs a corresponding first branch bias value. A history store stores history data identifying an actual branch outcome for preceding branch instructions. A second store stores multiple entries, each entry including a replacement branch bias value and a TAG value. An index derived from the history data causes the second store to output a corresponding entry. The first branch bias value is selected unless the TAG value corresponds to a comparison TAG value derived from a second address portion of the branch instruction's address, in which event, the replacement branch bias value is selected.
US07831814B2 Monitoring a microprocessor programme by sending time-trackable messages
The invention concerns a monitoring device (18′, 18″) integrated to the chip of a microprocessor (12) executing a series of instructions comprising message calculating means (36) for upon each execution of an instruction, producing a corresponding digital message; a buffer memory (34) for storing each message produced; and a plurality of output terminals (FA, FB, FC) connected to an external analyzing tool (24), each output terminal (FA, FB, FC) being associated with one type of instructions; the message calculating means (36) modifying the state of the output terminal (FA, FB, FC) associated with one type of instructions at the time when a message corresponding to said type of instructions is stored in the buffer memory.
US07831812B2 Method and apparatus for operating an age queue for memory request operations in a processor of an information handling system
A processor includes a processor core with a core interface unit that includes an age queue and a request queue. The core interface unit receives load requests from the processor core. The request queue stores the requests in respective slots of the request queue. The age queue stores ID tags in respective age queue slots. Each ID tag in the age queue corresponds to a respective address of a load instruction in the request queue. In one embodiment, ID tags propagate through the age queue at a fixed rate of two at a time from a tail of the age queue to a head of the age queue. Arbitration control circuitry generates an enable bit vector that identifies the oldest ID tag in the age queue corresponding to the oldest load request in the request queue. The arbitration circuitry selects the identified oldest instruction in the request queue as the next to dispatch. In one embodiment, the core interface unit exhibits an input frequency that is a multiple of an internal operating frequency of the core interface unit.
US07831811B2 System and method for managing a register-based stack of operand tags
A virtual machine in a processing system manages type information for operands. In one embodiment, the virtual machine accomplishes the following results through execution of a single instruction: adding an operand tag to a tag stack, and updating a stack pointer for the tag stack to recognize the addition of the operand tag to the tag stack. The single instruction may be a shift instruction, for example. The tag stack may reside in a tag stack register, and each operand tag may indicate whether a corresponding operand on an operand stack is to be treated as a reference operand or a non-reference operand. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07831810B2 Communicating signals between semiconductor chips using round-robin-coupled micropipelines
Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for transferring data between a receiver chip and a transmitter chip. The system includes a set of data path circuits in the transmitter chip and a set of data path circuits in the receiver chip coupled to a shared data channel. In addition, the system includes a set of asynchronous control circuits for controlling corresponding data path circuits in the transmitter chip and receiver chip. Upon detecting the transition of a control signal for an asynchronous control circuit in the transmitter chip, the asynchronous control circuit is configured to enable a transfer of data from the corresponding data path circuit in the transmitter chip across the data channel to a corresponding data path circuit in the receiver chip, and generate a control signal to cause a next asynchronous control circuit to commence the transfer of a data signal.
US07831809B2 Method for reducing code size of a program in code memory by dynamically storing an instruction into a memory location following a group of instructions indicated by an offset operand and either a length operand or a bitmask operand of an echo instruction
A method of reducing a code size of a program by controlling a control flow of the program using software in a computer system is disclosed. The method includes the steps of storing a first program count of a first instruction in a first buffer when an error occurs while the first instruction having an Operand including Offset and Length is being executed among a plurality of instructions loaded in the code memory, changing a current program count of the code memory to a second program count which is obtained by adding the Offset to the first program count, storing a second instruction, which is located at a position shifted from the second program count by a value of the Length, in a second buffer, replacing the second instruction with a third instruction, which is not recognized by a microprocessor, replacing the third instruction with the second instruction stored in the second buffer when an error occurs while the third instruction is being executed, and changing the current program count of the code memory to a predetermined program count next to the first program count stored in the first buffer.
US07831807B1 System and method for expanding the instruction set of an instruction processor
A system and method for modifying the hardware instruction set of an instruction processor is disclosed. The invention utilizes one or more bits of an instruction opcode and one or more programmable bits stored within the instruction processor to generate a branch address. The branch address is then used to address a storage device such as a microcode RAM to retrieve one or more microcode instructions that control execution of the instruction opcode. Address generation is controlled by selecting a previously unused instruction opcode, then modifying the programmable bits as necessary to generate a desired branch address. By loading modified microcode instructions at the branch address, instruction execution can be modified without changing the hardware design.
US07831803B2 Executing multiple instructions multiple date (‘MIMD’) programs on a single instruction multiple data (‘SIMD’) machine
Executing MIMD programs on a SIMD machine, including establishing on the SIMD machine a plurality of SIMD partitions; booting a first SIMD partition in MIMD mode; executing, on a compute node of the first SIMD partition booted in MIMD mode, a MIMD accelerator program; executing a SIMD program in a second SIMD partition, one instance of the SIMD program executing on each compute node of the second SIMD partition, each instance of the SIMD program carrying out a portion of the data processing effected by the SIMD program; and accelerating, by an instance of the SIMD program through the MIMD accelerator program, a portion of the data processing of the instance of the SIMD program.
US07831802B2 Executing Multiple Instructions Multiple Data (‘MIMD’) programs on a Single Instruction Multiple Data (‘SIMD’) machine
Executing Multiple Instructions Multiple Data (‘MIMD’) programs on a Single Instruction Multiple Data (‘SIMD’) machine, the SIMD machine including a plurality of compute nodes, each compute node capable of executing only a single thread of execution, the compute nodes initially configured exclusively for SIMD operations, the SIMD machine further comprising a data communications network, the network comprising synchronous data communications links among the compute nodes, including establishing a SIMD partition comprising a plurality of the compute nodes; booting the SIMD partition in MIMD mode; executing by launcher programs a plurality of MIMD programs on compute nodes in the SIMD partition; and re-executing a launcher program by an operating system on a compute node in the SIMD partition upon termination of the MIMD program executed by the launcher program.
US07831799B1 Speculative address translation for processor using segmentation and optional paging
An improved address translation method and mechanism for memory management in a computer system is disclosed. A segmentation mechanism employing segment registers maps virtual addresses into a linear address space. A paging mechanism optionally maps linear addresses into physical or real addresses. Independent protection of address spaces is provided at each level. Information about the state of real memory pages is kept in segment registers or a segment register cache potentially enabling real memory access to occur simultaneously with address calculation, thereby increasing performance of the computer system.
US07831798B2 Method to achieve partial structure alignment
A computer-implemented method including receiving a set of data having a mapping. The set of data has groups of subsets of data. The mapping describes in what order the groups of subsets of data are to be stored in a memory. The mapping also describes the offsets of the groups of subsets of data in the memory. The mapping is not changed when the set of data is stored in the memory. The method also includes determining a starting address for the set of data. The starting address corresponds to an address in the memory. The starting address is determined such that an optimum number of subsets of data in the groups of subsets of data are aligned. The method also includes storing the set of data in the memory, wherein the mapping is unaffected when the set of data is stored in the memory.
US07831797B2 Memory system and method for transferring data therein
A memory system is functionally designed so that, despite operation without an error correction device, memory chips of a memory module that are actually provided for error correction are concomitantly used for the data transfer. A control device is configured to receive, store and transfer data packets to and from a first and second set of memory chips. Transfer of an internal packet data from the control device to memory takes place such that a first record is stored in a second set of memory chips and additional records are stored in the first set of memory chips. In preferred embodiments, data is allocated in the second set of memory chips such that at least one additional transfer step takes place to the second set of memory chips compared with transfers to the first set of memory chips. In the additional transfer step(s), the first set of memory chips is masked from receiving data.
US07831790B2 Universal memory device having a profile storage unit
A universal memory device is presented that provides adaptability to existing hardware and software environments. The memory can “mimic” existing memory technology combining the advantages of integrating all memory capacity into one single technology and still providing the implicit protections and access characteristics known from the different existing memory technologies. The memory device comprises a memory having low-latency, rewritable, non-volatile memory cells, a profile storage unit connected with the memory and comprising access information allocated to a set of request information elements (request profile), such that the access information indicates whether an access request to said memory, the access request having the request profile, is to be allowed or rejected, and an access control unit communicating with the profile storage unit and the memory, and adapted to allow or reject an incoming access request in dependence on the access information allocated to the request profile of the access request.
US07831788B1 System and method using locks for providing safe movement of data using third party copy techniques
Systems, methods, apparatus and software can utilize storage resource locks to prevent modification (including relocation) of data in the storage resource while a third-party copy operation directed at the storage resource is occurring. A data transport mechanism such as a data restore application requests that a relevant portion of the storage resource be locked. Once locked, the data transport mechanism requests a data mover to perform a third-party copy operation whereby data is moved from a data source to the locked portion of the storage resource. When the third party-copy operation is complete, the data transport mechanism requests release of the lock on the portion of the storage resource.
US07831787B1 High efficiency portable archive with virtualization
A high efficiency portable archive (“HEPA”) implements a storage system running in a computer architecture to generate point-in-time versions of a raw data set. The HEPA can be implemented in a variety of computer architectures with the storage system being implemented as a conventional application on a host operating system or as a virtual system on a virtualization layer. In either case, the point-in-time versions and optionally the storage system itself can be archived on archive media. Alternately, the point-in-time versions and optionally the storage system itself can be replicated to a virtualized storage system first and then archived on archive media. The storage system and point-in-time versions of the raw data set can be restored into a virtual system on any hardware subsystem that supports the virtual system.
US07831785B2 Data collection management system and method
A data collection management system comprises collection logic configured to store incoming data in a memory at a collection rate, and memory management logic configured to automatically downsample at least a portion of the stored data in response to a usage level of the memory reaching a threshold.
US07831783B2 Effective wear-leveling and concurrent reclamation method for embedded linear flash file systems
Reclamation of an Erase Unit of a flash memory is performed concurrently with a file operation on the flash memory by initiating a reclamation operation on the individually erasable portion of the memory, by suspending the reclamation operation for the file operation, by performing the file operation, and by resuming the reclamation operation.
US07831778B2 Shared nonvolatile memory architecture
A method and system that utilizes a shared nonvolatile memory for initializing multiple processing components in a device. The startup logic and configuration data for processing components within a device is stored in a single nonvolatile memory. Upon receipt of a command to initialize the device, the shared memory system copies the startup logic and configuration data from the nonvolatile memory to a volatile main memory. Then, each processing component accesses the main memory to find its startup logic and configuration data and begin executing. The shared memory system reduces the number of nonvolatile memory components used to initialize multiple processing components.
US07831774B2 Pipelining D states for MRU steerage during MRU-LRU member allocation
A method and apparatus for preventing selection of Deleted (D) members as an LRU victim during LRU victim selection. During each cache access targeting the particular congruence class, the deleted cache line is identified from information in the cache directory. A location of a deleted cache line is pipelined through the cache architecture during LRU victim selection. The information is latched and then passed to MRU vector generation logic. An MRU vector is generated and passed to the MRU update logic, which is selects/tags the deleted member as a MRU member. The make MRU operation affects only the lower level LRU state bits arranged in a tree-based structure state bits so that the make MRU operation only negates selection of the specific member in the D state, without affecting LRU victim selection of the other members.
US07831770B2 Combining resources of multiple BIOS ROMS and managing them as a single entity
A method and related computer program product for combining resources of multiple RAID controllers and managing them as a single entity, comprising searching the RAID controllers for the most appropriate version of the firmware to be executed, determining whether a more appropriate version of the firmware was previously loaded into system memory, unloading inappropriate versions of the firmware, loading the most appropriate version of the firmware and initializing all RAID controllers as a commonly managed entity having combined resources.
US07831769B1 System and method for performing online backup and restore of volume configuration information
Various embodiments of systems and methods are disclosed for performing online backup and restore of volume configuration information. In some embodiments, a method involves receiving a request to restore a volume configuration and, in response to the request, writing volume configuration information to a storage device. The volume configuration information includes a first disk signature, which identifies the storage device.
US07831766B2 Systems and methods of data storage management, such as pre-allocation of storage space
A system and method for pre-allocating space on a storage medium is described. In some cases, the system receives two or more data items to be stored on a storage medium, pre-allocates a single, contiguous block of space on the medium, and stores the two or more data items within the single, contiguous block of space.
US07831763B2 Security apparatus and method for nonvolatile memory and system thereof
A security apparatus for a nonvolatile memory includes a nonvolatile memory, a working buffer temporality storing a predetermined unit output from the nonvolatile memory, a checksum buffer storing a checksum of at least one unit output from the nonvolatile memory, and a read verification engine controlling storing of a unit output from the nonvolatile memory corresponding to a read signal that is externally input, in the working buffer. The read verification engine calculates a checksum of the unit corresponding to the read signal stored in the working buffer and compares a calculated checksum with a checksum of the unit corresponding to the read signal stored in the checksum buffer.
US07831762B2 Reducing the format time for bit alterable memories
In bit alterable memories, a particular header of a particular block may be programmed to a particular code to indicate that the block is to be considered empty. This saves the time of resetting all the bits in both the header and the data section of the block.
US07831757B2 Data communication system, portable electronic device, server device, data communication method, and data communication program
A data communication system including a portable electronic device, a server device and a cradle device for mediating transmission and reception of data between the portable electronic device and the server device.
US07831756B1 Apparatus and method for docking and housing a removable electronic device
The present invention is directed to a housing unit, which allows an electronic device such as a portable digital audio player to be substantially hermetically sealed within an audio device. The electronic device is controllable by a user while housed with the housing unit. The audio device is able to be used in a vehicle such as a car, a camper, or a boat or in other common consumer products.
US07831755B2 Method and system for interfacing a plurality of memory devices using an MMC/SD protocol
A method for establishing an interface between a host and a plurality of memory devices of a system that utilizes a Multimedia Card (MMC) or Digital (SD) protocol according to an interleaving scheme. A host sequentially transmits a first sequence of commands and data to a system bus in order to allow a first memory device among the memory devices to perform a first operation. The host then transmits a second sequence of commands and data to the system bus to allow a second memory device among the memory devices to perform a second operation after transmitting the first sequence of commands and data.
US07831746B2 Direct memory access engine for data transfers
A system and method of transferring data of unknown length in a computer system includes providing an embedded device having a processing apparatus and a DMA engine, the processing apparatus processing the data and the DMA engine transferring the data from the embedded device to a component in the computer system, determining whether information from the embedded device is an address value or a data value, programming the DMA engine with the address value if the information is the address value, and transferring the data value to the address value in the component if the information is the data value.
US07831744B2 Storage system and ownership transfer method
A storage system that includes: a plurality of microprocessors; a plurality of storage areas to be formed to a drive group; an assignment section that assigns, to each of the microprocessors, an ownership of accessing any of the storage areas; a management section that manages, as an operating ratio, a proportion of a time to be taken for each of the microprocessors to execute a request issued to each of the storage areas; a search section that searches, for transferring the ownership assigned to an arbitrary one of the microprocessors to any of the another microprocessor determined based on the operating ratio, one or more of the storage areas under the ownership of the arbitrary microprocessor for a transfer-target storage area; and a transfer section that transfers, to the another microprocessor, the ownership of the transfer-target storage area that is assigned to the arbitrary microprocessor. The resulting storage system can make full use of the performance capabilities of a storage device, and an ownership transfer method can be provided.
US07831742B2 Method and device for enumeration
An embodiment of the invention describes a method for enumeration. The method includes assigning a second number to a device of a plurality of devices, wherein each device of the plurality of devices has a different unique first number. The method includes comparing at least portions of the first numbers and assigning a second number to one of the plurality of devices depending on the result of the comparison.
US07831738B2 Multiband communication device with graphical connection interface and methods for use therewith
A communication device includes an RF transceiver for communicating first data with at least one of a plurality of remote communication devices via a first protocol and a first frequency band in a first mode of operation. A millimeter wave transceiver communicates second data with at least one of the plurality of remote communication devices via a second protocol and a second frequency band in a second mode of operation. A communication control module coordinates the communication of the first data and the second data with the at least one of the plurality of remote communication devices. A graphical interface device selects the at least one of the plurality of remote communication devices and selects at least one of the first mode of operation and the second mode of operation, based on actions of a user.
US07831728B2 Methods and systems for real-time seeking during real-time playback of a presentation layer protocol data stream
A method for real-time seeking during real-time playback of presentation layer protocol data streams includes the step of receiving, by a foreground protocol engine, a request for rendering the contents of a packet in a presentation layer protocol data stream comprising a first plurality of packets already received and a second plurality of packets yet to be received. The foreground protocol engine identifies a state-snapshot having an associated timestamp previous to that of the requested packet. The foreground protocol engine displays during transmission of the presentation layer protocol data stream from a first device to a second device, the requested packet responsive to the identified state-snapshot.
US07831726B2 MPEG-4 remote communication device
An MPEG-4 based multimedia system in connection with a service provider therefore, and a remote communication device therefore, is presented. The interactive content based remote communication unit simplifies and reduces the number of steps and buttons required for receiving interactive service by the use of MPEG-4 encoded data. Additionally, new ways are disclosed for the data processing at the service provider side. Further, an improved way of exchanging data between the service provider (broadcaster, cable provider) and the customer (viewer) is presented. Still further, there is disclosed how digital equipment (server, set-top box, remote control unit and display) involved in the data processing can be optimized for the task of controlling the available channel bandwidth and displaying the data.
US07831722B2 Portable communications device with enhanced security
A portable communications device adapted to provide communications security and user identification, and authentication. In one embodiment, the device is useful with an untrusted network, and comprises security apparatus adapted to create associations with one or more security devices on the network. Traffic between the associated devices may be encrypted and residue-protected for e.g., data confidentiality and integrity protection. In one variant, the security apparatus comprises a software entity disposed at least partly within the software stack of a host. A security card may also be used as part of the security apparatus. The portable device may be untrusted (e.g., have an untrusted operating system) and also be physically unsecure. In one variant, the security apparatus is also agnostic to the portable device with which it is used.
US07831719B2 Enhanced data exchange and presentation/communication system
A system for establishing a dedicated internet connection between a user and a marketer is described. The connection is initiated by a customer downloading a framework program for a viewer. Thereafter, as content is communicated to the user, it is included with program code used with the framework program to enhance the presentation capabilities of the viewer. More robust presentations are thus enabled over a one-to-one channel.
US07831718B2 Rate sensitive packet transfer mechanism over a peer-to-peer network
An apparatus, method and system to improve data transfer across a communications network by employing an acknowledgment independent equalized data packet transfer mechanism on a peer-to-peer basis. The present disclosure teaches how many computers can send data to many other computers, with particularity on a peer-to-peer basis when desired, without requiring acknowledgements of safe receipt by the receiving computer. By aggregating several computers to send data in a collection to a requesting computer, transfer rates may be increased. Further, by not requiring acknowledgment of receipt from the receiving computer, and by treating all data packets with equal utility, the present disclosure teaches a mechanism that reduces file transfer administration bandwidth, increases file transfer scalability on demand, and increases overall network transfer efficiency.
US07831713B2 System and method for managing distributed objects as a single representation
An architecture and method for managing at least two distinct machines (or objects) in which resources are shared as a single entity (or object) in an agent-based system. The agent-based system comprising a controller, a local agent coupled to the controller, and at least one clustered machine. The at least one clustered machine includes at least two individual agents, the at least two individual agents sharing at least one shared resource/service. The system also includes a virtual non-persistent connection for coupling the at least two individual agents to the local agent. The at least one shared resource/service is accessed by the local agent through the virtual non-persistent connection using a virtual IP address to enable the at least two individual agents of the at least one clustered machine to be represented as a single object.
US07831711B2 Method and apparatus for packet analysis in a network
A method and system for monitoring traffic in a data communication network and for extracting useful statistics and information is disclosed.
US07831710B2 Communication of offline status between computer systems
A method for communication of offline status between nodes includes detecting an impending deactivation of a physical port and sending a message from a sending node to a receiving node notifying the receiving node of the impending deactivation of the physical port. The method further includes deactivating the report of any error for the physical port and sending a response from the sending node to the receiving node verifying that deactivation of the physical port.
US07831706B1 Method of gathering information related to activity of a user and a data processing system program product
Information related to activity of a user may be provided using a method or a data processing system program product to perform the method. In one embodiment, the method includes sending a first view request to a first electronic site, receiving a first view from the first electronic site, and first information related to the first view request to a second entity that is different from the first entity. In another embodiment, a data processing system program product may perform a method of sending information related to a view request from the user for an electronic site. The information is to be sent to an entity that is different from an entity that substantially controls or owns the electronic site and different from an Internet service provider of the user, if the user is to use the Internet service provider in accessing the electronic site.
US07831705B1 Distributed event correlation using horizontally partitioned rulesets
Events are preprocessed and rulesets are horizontally partitioning among rule computer systems. This allows the event analysis to be horizontally partitioned onto different rule computer systems. Thus, event correlation across large, high-speed networks is readily performed. Further, by increasing or decreasing the granularization of the horizontally partitioning of the rulesets, the event correlation is readily scalable.
US07831703B2 Apparatus and method for monitoring and auditing activity of a legacy environment
An apparatus and a method for monitoring and auditing activity of a legacy environment. The apparatus includes an analyzer and a mirror manager. The analyzer is operative to analyze intercepted packets conveyed by entities in a network and to generate analyzed data based on information associated with at least some of the packets. The analyzed data is indicative of sessions. The mirror manager is responsive to the analyzed data for generating data representative of mirror sessions, each mirror session corresponding to a session.
US07831701B2 Cascading policy management deployment architecture
Systems and methods are provided to implement a dynamic and efficient cascading policy management framework architecture for both wired and wireless networks. A plurality of Policy Functions (PFs) are assigned to a plurality of Policy Enforcement Points (PEP). The PFs make decisions regarding local policy control at the specific PEP. The PFs then delegate the policy requests or IP flows to a separate PEP that is more conducive to enforcing that policy request. Thus, policy decisions are made at the point where the most information is available, leading to fewer policy requests traversing back and forth across a network. Additionally, this cascading Policy Management Framework Architecture allows for unified policy management across multiple types of networks, including wired (Internet) and wireless (UMTS).
US07831700B2 Distributed PCE-based system and architecture in multi-layer network
A distributed path computation element based system in a multi-layer network. The system comprises at least one higher-layer path computation element, and at least one lower-layer path computation element, adapted to provide dynamic multi-layer path computations; at least one higher-layer traffic engineering database, and at least one lower-layer traffic engineering database, adapted to provide multi-layer traffic engineering label switched paths, while maintaining layer-specific traffic engineered database in a distributed fashion; and at least one path computation element agent, adapted to provide static optical layer path provisioning, and reconfiguration of optical layer label switched paths in cooperation with the at least one lower-layer path computation element.
US07831695B1 System and method for it system migration management
An information technology (IT) system configuration scorecard tool is disclosed. The scorecard tool comprises a first database of current configurations and a second database of standard configurations, a processor, and an analysis engine that, when executed by the processor, determines a configuration score based on comparing a standard configuration with a current configuration. The configurations are characterized, in part, by a server brand, a server model, an operating system, a database, and a plurality of applications.
US07831694B2 Transfer of electrical data with auto-discovery of system configuration
Automatic discovery of configuration or identification information published by a local computer (publisher) connected to electrical monitoring devices in a power monitoring system and to a server that determines whether to approve data packets sent by the publisher. The publisher attempts to send a data packet including identification information to the server, which throws an exception with error code(s) indicating which information is missing in order for the server to approve the pending data transfer. The publisher interprets the error code(s) and sends back to the server the missing information, which may be identification information, configuration information, or both. This process of the server throwing an exception and the publisher attempting to send data packets or configuration information again may iterate more than once until the server approves the publisher, the device, and all topic information associated with the device and accepts the data for storage in the server database.
US07831693B2 Structured methodology and design patterns for web services
System and method for designing and implementing Web Services according to a structured methodology and design patterns. Embodiments may incorporate a structured methodology, best practices and design patterns that address reliability, availability and scalability of Web Services architecture. Embodiments may provide mechanisms for integrating heterogeneous technology components into Web Services. Embodiments may provide a vendor-independent Web Services architecture framework and reusable Web Services design patterns, which may be used in creating end-to-end solutions based on past experience and best practices. Embodiments may include design patterns and best practices for delivering Web Services solutions with Quality of Services. One embodiment may provide a Business-to-Business Integration (B2Bi) integration framework for Web Services. Embodiments may provide a Web Security framework and design patterns for designing end-to-end Web Services security.
US07831689B2 Virtual private network manager GUI with links for use in configuring a virtual private network
A system and method for managing a virtual private network. The system and method include a graphical user interface. The graphical user interface is configured to display at least one link for accessing, via the interne, a web-page associated with a switch offering virtual private network functions.
US07831680B2 Deterministic communication between graphical programs executing on different computer systems
A system and method for enabling deterministic or time-triggered data exchange between a first graphical program and a second graphical program. A first variable is assigned to a first time slot in a network cycle. A first graphical program may be configured to write data to the first variable. A second graphical program may be configured to read data from the first variable. The first graphical program may be executed on a first computer system, where executing the first graphical program comprises writing data to the first variable. Writing data to the first variable may cause the data to be delivered over a network to a second computer system when the first time slot occurs. The second graphical program may be executed on the second computer system, where executing the second graphical program comprises reading from the first variable the data sent from the first computer system.
US07831675B2 Method for interacting with infrastructure devices via instant messaging
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for interacting with and controlling infrastructure devices within an IM environment. The method comprises registering at least one infrastructure device at an IM server, registering at least one computing device at the IM server, and delivering one or more of infrastructure device characteristics, status information, and service information from a registered infrastructure device to the IM server, wherein the IM server is configured to publish and update the infrastructure device characteristics, status information, and service information from the at least one registered infrastructure device to registered computing devices. The method also comprises maintaining and displaying a contact list at an IM client application executing at a registered computing device, wherein the contact listing is populated with a listing of registered infrastructure devices and the infrastructure device characteristics, status information, and service information that is associated with the infrastructure device.
US07831673B1 Methods and systems for processing offline chat messages
Systems and methods for processing offline chat messages are provided. Offline chat messages may be merged in a conversation thread in an email message. In one embodiment, a method of processing messages includes receiving a chat message when a designated recipient is offline, generating an email message that includes the chat message, and enabling a designated recipient to access the email message through an email inbox associated with the designated recipient.
US07831671B2 Authenticating electronic communications
A method includes generating an authenticity indicator for an electronic communication based on a comparison of domain name data and purported sender data associated with the electronic communication, the authenticity indicator indicating a likelihood that the electronic communication was sent from a purported sender of the electronic communication. The authenticity indicator is presented to the recipient of the electronic communication.
US07831670B2 GUI interface for subscribers to subscribe to topics of messages published by a Pub/Sub service
Presenting a Pub/Sub service GUI interface to a subscribers computer system, the GUI interface comprising one or more topics to which the subscriber can subscribe, the Pub/sub service having a list of subscribers subscribing to a topic. The GUI interface preferably comprising widgets, enabling a subscriber to manage subscriptions to topics. The Pub/Sub service publishes messages of a topic according to the subscription list.
US07831667B2 Method and apparatus for filtering email spam using email noise reduction
A method and system for filtering email spam using email noise reduction are described. In one embodiment, the method includes detecting, in an email message, data indicative of noise added to the email message to avoid spam filtering. The method further includes modifying the content of the email message to reduce the noise, and comparing the modified content of the email message with the content of a spam message.
US07831664B2 Resource list management system
A system for providing group accessibility is provided. A representative resource list management system includes a group management system operable to store a resource list for a user, and a service manager operable to detect a status of a contact associated with the resource list. The resource list includes at least one group, said at least one group including a plurality of contacts. The service manager is operable to update accessibility of the at least one group in response to at least one of the plurality of contacts being accessible on a network. Methods and other systems for resource list management are also provided.
US07831654B1 System and method to communicate information to an employee
Disclosed are systems and methods to communicate information to an employee using an electronic display area. The electronic display area may include a variety of placements in an employment area, a call center, and/or a mobile device. An employer may communicate information to the employee through any or all the display areas based on attributes of the display placement, the employee, and the employee location.
US07831648B2 Method and computer program for group delay and magnitude equalization with relaxed phase slope constraint
The present invention is a method and computer program for equalizing group delay and magnitude of a system for which a system response is known. The method and computer program are implemented via a finite impulse response (“FIR”) filter for the system, and the method broadly comprises the steps of: evaluating a desired response for the system as a function of an amplitude of the system and a phase of the system; separating the phase of the system into a linear component and a non-linear component; performing a first optimization by minimizing a weighted error between a desired response for the system and a cascaded response for the system as a function of an equalizing filter and a phase slope so as to obtain at least one local smallest error E(Ω) as a function of phase slope; and once the local smallest error E(Ω) is known, performing a second optimization to locate any existing global smallest error, wherein the global smallest error is within a set distance from the local smallest error.
US07831646B1 Movable tap finite impulse response filter
An FIR filter apparatus comprises a coefficient generator to generate first and second coefficients. A first end of a shared wiring is coupled to the coefficient generator. A first memory is coupled to a second end of the shared wiring to store the first coefficient in response to a selector. A first multiplier is responsive to the first coefficient stored in the first memory and an input. A first delay circuit is responsive to the input. A second memory is coupled to the second end of the shared wiring to store the second coefficient in response to the selector. A second multiplier is responsive to the second coefficient stored in the second memory and the first delay element.
US07831644B2 Electronic apparatus and content data providing method
According to one embodiment, an electronic apparatus includes a wireless communication device, an information acquisition module, a file management information generation module, and an access control module. The information acquisition module acquires, by wireless communication with an external device, metadata corresponding to content data which the external device can provide. The file management information generation module generates, based on the acquired metadata, file management information based on which a host apparatus recognizes the content data as a file stored in a storage medium in the electronic apparatus. The access control module is configured to, upon receiving a read request for a file corresponding to the content data, which is transmitted from the host apparatus, execute external device access processing of acquiring the content data from the external device using the wireless communication device, and output the acquired content data to the host apparatus.
US07831643B1 System, method and computer program product for multi-level file-sharing by concurrent users
A method of accessing a shareable computer file includes receiving a request to access the shareable computer file, retrieving a file ID from a stub file corresponding to the shareable computer file, retrieving a file name from a database corresponding to the file ID, accessing the shareable computer file if a user has not modified the shareable computer file, and accessing a modified copy of the shareable file stored in the stub file if the user has modified the shareable computer file. A database is generated in operating system space or accessed using the operating system, and includes file IDs and their corresponding file names for shareable computer files. The stub file is generated locally to correspond to the shareable computer file, and includes a modified copy of the shareable computer file if the shareable computer file has been modified, and a link to the shareable computer file if the shareable computer file has not been modified. If the shareable computer file has not been modified, a read-only operation retrieves any of file contents, file position and file size from the shareable computer file. File attributes relating to the shareable computer file can be retrieved from the stub file. The database is provided by the operating system for use by a Virtual Private Server.
US07831642B1 Page cache management for a shared file
A method, system, computer system, and computer-readable medium to efficiently coordinate caching operations between nodes operating on the same file while allowing different regions of the file to be written concurrently. More than one program can concurrently read and write to the same file. Pages of data from the file are proactively and selectively cached and flushed on different nodes. In one embodiment, range locks are used to effectively flush and invalidate only those pages that are accessed on another node.
US07831634B2 Initializing a cache region using a generated cache region configuration structure
In one embodiment, a centralized cache configuration for the regions of cache of a system is described. As regions of cache may require different resources they therefore may need to be configured differently. The system for providing central cache configuration includes a centralized cache manager to transform information regarding applications, services, etc. into proper cache regions for each application, service, etc. In one embodiment, the size of these regions is based on a relative weight schema.
US07831632B2 Method and system for reconstruction of object model data in a relational database
Methods, systems and articles of manufacture are provided for migrating entity relationship data residing in an object oriented program environment to a relational database schema. Further, functionality is provided to facilitate more efficient searching and reconstruction of the entity relationship data in the relational database.
US07831631B2 Content framework system
A content framework system. The content framework system comprises a content infrastructure, a content flow management system, and a content association system. The content infrastructure comprises content management system. Each of the content management systems comprises content. The content flow management system is for controlling a flow of each of the content from each of the content management systems. The flow of content is controlled within and between each of the content management systems. The content association system is for creating a registry comprising associations metadata. The associations metadata links each of the content management systems together.
US07831625B2 Data model for a common language
Embodiments and principles described herein relate to software repositories for common languages. Embodiments include maintaining database schema and structures which comprise application framework information and provides for the storage, querying, and retrieval of an abstraction of a namespace corresponding to an application framework. Embodiments also provide for the storage, querying and retrieval of information corresponding to parameters of methods within an application framework. Embodiments also include the storage, querying and retrieval of information corresponding to type information for constructed types within an application framework.
US07831624B2 Skip list with address related table structure
Apparatus and method for efficiently arranging and searching data in a memory space, such as a cache memory of a data storage array controller. A data structure comprises a skip list of nodes having an array of forward pointers. Each node has a node level derived from an index at which the node is stored in a table in the memory space. The total available number of nodes is preferably selected to be less than half of the largest power of 2 that can be expressed by a number of bits of the index, and the nodes are preferably stored at only even or only odd indices of the table. In such case, a free list of nodes is preferably generated from an array of pairs of counts and indices to identify the available nodes. Additional table structures can further be provided to enhance data arrangement and searching functions.
US07831623B2 Method, system, and article of manufacture for storing device information
A method, system, and article of manufacture, wherein a plurality of references to a plurality of files corresponding to a plurality of devices are stored in a data structure implemented in a computational device, wherein the computational device is coupled to the plurality of devices via a network. Access is enabled to the data structure to a distributed application, wherein the distributed application uses a stored reference in the data structure to determine a file corresponding to a device, and wherein the distributed application performs data transfer operations with the device via the determined file.
US07831618B2 Method and apparatus for managing a database and processing program therefor
A database management system is provided for protecting data from being malicious update or deleted. The system is arranged to hold as a table attribute an insert-only attribute and a row deletion prohibition period, and as an access right attribute a row insertion date and time holding column name and to specify a row insertion date and time when a row was inserted, for disabling said date and time data. When requesting a table data update or a row deletion, the table attribute and the row insertion date and time are checked for preventing the malicious update and deletion.
US07831614B2 System and method for generating SQL using templates
A method for generating a structured query language (SQL) script based on a template includes selecting one object from a plurality of objects in a data model. At least one instruction is selected based, at least in part, on a type of the selected object and, then, an associated template string is selected based on each selected instruction. At least a portion of a SQL script is automatically generated based on the one or more selected template strings.
US07831610B2 Contents retrieval device for retrieving contents that user wishes to view from among a plurality of contents
A contents retrieval device (100) presenting an appropriate related keyword to a user even when an object user wishes to retrieve dynamically changes. The contents retrieval device (100) includes a contents estimation unit (107) retrieving contents according to a search keyword, a document space database (103) storing document spaces according to an occurrence frequency of the keyword, a document space selection unit (104) selecting a the narrowing-down document space and an expansion document space from the document space database (103) according to the search keyword and the occurrence frequency of the document space indicating a degree of relevance with the contents according to the search keyword, a related keyword estimation unit (108) selecting keywords corresponding to the narrowing-down document space and the expansion document space as a narrowing-down keyword and an expansion keyword, respectively, and an output unit displaying the selected narrowing-down and expansion keywords.
US07831608B2 Service identification in legacy source code using structured and unstructured analyses
Identifying service candidates in legacy source code, including a source code analyzer performing structured and unstructured analyses of computer software source code procedures, a repository storing results of the analyses, a target profile analyzer analyzing a target service description of a Service Oriented Architecture and formulating a query therefrom, a search module querying the repository to identify source code elements that match the target service description, and combining any matches within a predefined distance from each other within the source code, a ranking engine ranking the combined matches in accordance with predefined heuristics, and a procedure aggregator aggregating the combined matches by their location in propinquity to the procedures, comparing interface definitions defined for the service description to entry and exit points of the procedures to identify candidate procedures having similar input and output parameters, and producing a ranked list of candidate procedures that map into the target element.
US07831607B2 Interval symbol architecture for programmable intelligent search memory
Memory architecture provides capabilities for high performance content search using regular expressions and patterns of strings. The architecture creates an innovative memory that can be programmed with content search rules which are used by the memory to evaluate presented content for matching with the programmed rules. When the content being searched matches any of the rules programmed in the Programmable Intelligent Search Memory (PRISM) action(s) associated with the matched rule(s) are taken. Content search rules include of regular expressions which are converted to finite state automata and then programmed in PRISM for evaluating content with the search rules. The PRISM memory provides features for complex regular expression symbols like interval symbol, range detection, complement control, bit masking and the like and enables complex symbols and compact regular expression representation.
US07831606B2 Signature search architecture for programmable intelligent search memory
Memory architecture provides capabilities for high performance content search. The architecture creates an innovative memory that can be programmed with content search rules which are used by the memory to evaluate presented content for matching with the programmed rules. Content search rules include of regular expressions which are compiled to finite state automata (FSA) and further include of patterns of strings a first set of which are compiled to a compressed signature database and a second set of which are compiled into FSAs. The finite state automata are then programmed in Programmable Intelligent Search Memory (PRISM) programmable FSA rule blocks and the compressed signature database is programmed in the PRISM signature search engines for evaluating content with the content search rules. A compiler compiles the content search rules for evaluation by PRISM memory. When the content being searched matches any of the rules programmed in the Programmable Intelligent Search Memory (PRISM), action(s) associated with the matched rule(s) are taken.
US07831605B2 Media player service library
Integrated management of local and remote media files. A playlist of media files adapted for rendering by a media player application are located in either a local media library stored at the computer or a remote media library accessible by the computer via a data communication network or both. Media player operations may be performed on the playlist. A first identifier identifies each of the media files in the playlist and a second identifier represents a source of each of the media files in the playlist. A streaming locator defined by the first and second identifiers locates each of the media files in the playlist in the local media library and then in the remote library.
US07831599B2 Addition of new images to an image database by clustering according to date/time and image content and representative image comparison
A database has chronologically ordered images classified into event groups based upon a time difference threshold, and into subgroups based upon a similarity measure. In a method and system for combining new images into such a database, new images are ordered into clusters based upon assessed image features. A representative image is selected in each cluster. A database segment chronologically overlapping the new images is designated and a set of database images similar to each representative image are identified in the segment. Different subgroups including one or more retrieved images are associated with each cluster to provide matched subgroups. The new images are assigned to matched subgroups associated with respective clusters.
US07831586B2 System and method for application programming interfaces for keyword extraction and contextual advertisement generation
A computer-implemented system and method for keyword extraction and contextual advertisement generation are disclosed. The system in an example embodiment includes a keyword extraction service to receive from a consumer application a request for activation of a keyword extraction service via an application programming interface, the request including an identity of a content source, the request further including an identification of a particular extraction process to be used by the keyword extraction service on the identified content source; determine if the keyword extraction service has already processed the identified content source and retained extracted keywords in a data store; extract keywords from the identified content source using the particular extraction process identified in the request; and make the extracted keywords accessible to the consumer application.
US07831585B2 Employment of task framework for advertising
A task-based advertisement system and method are provided. The system employs high-order concepts (e.g., booking a flight, checking stock quotes etc.) embodied in “task(s)” which can then be bid upon by advertisers. The task(s) employed by the system are based upon a semantic solution to a natural-language query. The system includes a search engine that is capable of serving content in response to user query(ies). The system further includes a task server that can include hardware and/or software to retrieve task(s) in response to user query(ies). The task(s) retrieved by the task server can be presented to advertiser(s) who can bid on the task(s).
US07831581B1 Enhanced search
In some embodiments, techniques for searching comprise various enhancements.
US07831576B2 File plan import and sync over multiple systems
A technique that provides a file plan including a plurality of containers, wherein each container is capable of providing management information for record information objects assigned to the container, wherein the record information objects represent documents, wherein the file plan comprises one or more segments. Each segment of the file plan at a first records management system is associated with one or more file plan object stores at one or more other records management systems. One or more file plan segments are propagated from the first records management system to the one or more file plan object stores at the one or more other records management systems.
US07831575B2 Library virtualisation module
A library virtualisation module (LVM) 13 is disclosed, the LVM being configured to connect first and second hosts 11, 12 to a library 14. The LVM comprises least two host input/outputs, each for connection to a respective host; and a library input/output, for connection to the library 14. The LVM 13 is arranged to modify requests received at its host input/outputs and to provide modified requests to the library input/output in such a way as to divide resources of the library 14 between the hosts 11, 12 without requiring unmodified requests to take into account the division of resources.
US07831569B2 Preserving a query plan cache
A method, apparatus, and program product are provided for preserving a query plan cache on a backup system having a dataspace containing a copy of data and a copy of a query plan cache from a production system. An update is initiated of at least a portion of the copy of the data on the backup system with a portion of the data on the production system. A merge is initiated of updated query plans in the query plan cache from the production system with corresponding query plans in the copy of the query plan cache on the backup system. Objects are correlated in the updated query plans in the copy of the query plan cache with the updated copy of the data on the backup system.
US07831566B2 Systems and methods of hierarchical storage management, such as global management of storage operations
A system and method for setting global actions in a data storage system is described. In some examples, the system determines a policy based on information from the system, and implements that policy to the system. In some examples, the system adds or modifies global filters based on information from the system.
US07831563B2 Active storage and retrieval systems and methods
A data storage management system comprises a workflow engine, a lifecycle module, and a storage application. The workflow engine is configured to manage a plurality of defined business processes and to execute at least one process step associated with at least one data item. The lifecycle module is configured to detect a change in lifecycle of the at least one data item. The storage application is configured to perform at least one storage action on the data item as a result of the data item reaching a step in a business process, the data item having a change in lifecycle, the data item having a change in metadata, or an event occurring to the data item. Application layer information about data derived from operation of the system allows the system to make more accurate determinations of business value of data and to determine appropriate storage actions to perform on data.
US07831558B2 Bi-directional data modification with synchronization
Systems and methods for synchronizing data between endpoints, including the modification of data on an endpoint without necessarily modifying data that is communicated between endpoints are disclosed. In such systems and methods the representation of data on an endpoint may be modified so that constraints on that particular endpoint are enforced, without requiring a similar or the same modification to the data when it is synchronized to other endpoints.
US07831557B2 Transfer apparatus, transfer method, and transfer program
A transfer apparatus includes: a storage section configured to store a plurality of content data; a communication section configured to communicate with external equipment; and a control section configured to control the communication section in such a manner as to transfer content data from the storage section to the external equipment. The control section detects from the external equipment a logical node retaining content data of the same type as that of the content data to be transferred and, based on the result of the detection, designates a transfer destination before transferring the content data to the external equipment.
US07831549B2 Optimization of text-based training set selection for language processing modules
A device and a method provide for selection of a database from a corpus using an, optimization function. The method includes defining a size of a database, calculating a distance using a distance function for each pair in a set of pairs, and executing an optimization function using the distance to select each entry saved in the database until the number of saved entries equals the size of the database. Each pair in the set of pairs includes either two entries selected from a corpus or one entry selected from a set of previously selected entries and another entry selected from a set of a remaining portion of the corpus. The distance function may be a Levenshtein distance function or a generalized Levenshtein distance function.
US07831548B1 Systems and methods that use search queries to identify related lists
Information retrieval systems and methods are disclosed for presenting items of interest to a user of a computer-based data repository, where the items are presented in the form of lists generated by other users. Users of a data repository may generate lists of items from the repository that are accessible by other users. In various embodiments, users generating lists may add supplemental commentary about the items and other personalizing information. The information retrieval systems and methods store the user-generated lists for future presentation to other users. When a user of the data repository submits a search query, items returned in the query's results are interpreted to be items of interest to the user, and in response, one or more lists determined to be similar to the items of interest are presented to the user.
US07831544B1 Method and system for representation of communication data repositories for electronic discovery
A mechanism to collate, interpret, target or view communication items retained by an organization is presented. Such a mechanism can be used as an aid in identifying communication items (e.g., documents) during electronic discovery, as well as discovery of communication chains. Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system, apparatus and computer program product for storing communication data, generating a people map data structure using the communication data, generating an evidence map data structure using the communication data, and coupling the people map data structure and evidence map data structure.
US07831541B2 System and method for implementing browser milestone navigation in a data processing system
A system and method for implementing browser milestone navigation in a data processing system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a browser queries a search engine with at least one search term. In response to the query, the browser retrieves at least one web page that includes a collection of search results. The web page that includes the collection of search results is designated as a first master page. In response to the selection, the browser places a first address of the first master page on a master page address data structure. The browser traverses at least one page greater than one level removed from the first master page. The browser retrieves the first address from the master page address data structure, in response to receiving a first request to retrieve the first master page. The browser displays the first master page in the browser window without displaying any intermediate pages between the at least one web page greater than one level removed from the first master page and the first master page.
US07831533B1 Video demultiplexing based on meaningful modes extraction
Methods and systems for grouping video frames. The video frames may be from a multiplexed stream of video frames from a plurality of video sources. In some embodiments video frames are grouped by determining if the video frames share meaningful modes for values representative of features of the video frames.
US07831526B1 Article and method for finding a compact representation to visualize complex decision trees
The invention comprises an article and method for transforming a complex or large decision tree having multiple variables; multiple values for each variable; and, multiple outcomes for each combination of variables and their associated values, into a compact, efficient graphical representation to provided enhanced ease of use and interaction by a human user. More particularly, the invention comprises a computationally efficient method for transforming an input decision tree into an optimal compact representation by computing a particular ordering of variables in the decision tree that first leads to a Directed Acyclic Graph, or “DAG,” with a minimum number of nodes. The method then converts the DAG into an exception-based DAG, or “EDAG,” with exactly one exception, having an optimal, minimum number of nodes with increased comprehensibility for a user.
US07831523B2 Computerized dispute resolution system and method
A method and system for automated bargaining in a round by round manner is disclosed. The method and system are capable of multiple rounds. The method and system are used in testing non-equal values in normal rounds for satisfaction of a predetermined criterion. If the criterion is not satisfied in the normal rounds, power round values are tested for satisfaction of a power round criterion. If the power round criterion is satisfied, a binding bargained payment is calculated. Additional options involve an automated facilitator, windfalls to initiators, automatic payment initiation, multiparty aggregation and automatic agreement document generation.
US07831522B1 Evaluating relying parties
Determining reputation information is disclosed. A honey token is included in an online identity data. The honey token is to monitor for misuse of all or part of the online identity data. Optionally, information associated with at least one use of the honey token is aggregated with other reputation information.
US07831518B2 Systems and methods for detecting postage fraud using an indexed lookup procedure
A method and system for using an indexing identifier (such as, e.g., a tracking ID or the combination of a postage vendor ID, user account, and piece count) to decrease the size of the postage indicium transmitted to an end user computer, or eliminate transmission of the postage indicium altogether, is provided. When the postage indicium for the end user computer is generated, it is stored, and the indexing identifier, rather than the postage indicium, is transmitted to the end user computer. The indexing identifier is applied to a mail piece, which is then scanned by the postal authority. The postal authority can obtain the stored postage indicium by reference to the indexing identifier. In this manner, the postal authority has access to the postage indicium without having to apply it to the mail piece. The indexing identifiers can optionally be used to index sender identification information for verifying that the sender of a mail piece is a trusted individual or entity.
US07831517B1 Single binary software license distribution
A system receives a serial number for software to be installed on a computer system and decodes the serial number to identify a license type associated with the software. The system obtains a license configuration corresponding to the license type associated with the software and communicates with a licensing server based on the license configuration for production of an authorization code to allow operation of the software on a computer system. The system receives an authorization code from the licensing server allowing operation of the software on the computer system.
US07831512B2 Content distribution system and method
Methods, systems, and articles of manufacture consistent with the present invention provide an electronic marketplace that matches units of content from secondary content providers with suitable vacancies from primary content providers. Vacancies may constitute, or be included in, any digital transmission containers, such as a television or radio programming, web pages, and the like. Specifically, the electronic marketplace automatically matches content offered by secondary content providers with vacancies offered by primary content providers thus filling the vacancies in these containers through a real-time content trading, placement, and distribution system. To do so, attributes associated with the vacancies and with units of secondary content are used to trade and match suitable vacancies with suitable content. This invention enables both secondary content owners and vacancy owners (primary content providers) to obtain the full commercial benefit of their secondary content and containers.
US07831510B2 Payment service to efficiently enable electronic payment
A method to redirect a browser client is disclosed. The method comprises serving a first web page including a check-out option and receiving a check-out request from a consumer user of an electronic storefront web site. The check-out request is to purchase a product. In response to the check-out request the browser client is redirected to a web page hosted by a payment service web site. The payment service web site stores information that includes a return URL that corresponds to a web-based interface that is hosted by the electronic storefront web site. The redirection further includes a comparison of the return URL in the stored information to a return URL that corresponds to the web-based interface that is hosted by the electronic storefront web site. The comparison is to determine whether redirection to the web-based interface hosted by the electronic storefront web site should be performed.
US07831501B2 Hidden book trading system
Presented is a system and method for performing crossing of institutional security orders. The system includes a first server interconnected to a second server and client stations across a communication network. The first server includes a database and is configured to receive institutional orders from the client station, which are stored in the database. The first server includes operating instructions operable to determine whether a match exists between contra institutional orders based on predetermined criteria. Upon determination of a match, the first server forwards a child order composed of at least a portion of one of the contra orders to the second server. At a fraction of a second later, the first server forwards the other of the contra orders to the second server followed by the remaining portion of the contra order.
US07831497B2 Beta adjustment for leveraged index products
A technique to provide a return from an aggregate of an investment in a cash equivalent account and a leveraged index product account over a time period that is substantially equivalent to a multiple of the return of a theoretical position in an underlying index for the period of time is provided by calculating in a computer system a benchmark exposure of the theoretical position in the underlying index corresponding to the index used in the leveraged index fund; and based on the benchmark exposure, determining whether to initiate a transaction to re-allocate funds from the leveraged index product to a cash equivalent account or from the cash equivalent account to the leveraged index product according to the determined daily benchmark exposure.
US07831495B1 Mutual fund and method for allocating assets in a mutual fund
In an embodiment, an asset allocation mutual fund comprises assets invested, at any one time, substantially 100% in one of stocks, bonds or cash equivalents. As market conditions change, as indicated by changes in the output of stock and bond models, substantially all of the assets may be shifted from one of these three asset classes to another. A method for allocating assets in a mutual fund, among the three asset classes, according to one embodiment includes, first determining whether a buy signal has been given on stocks using a stock model. If a buy signal has been given on stocks, substantially all assets of the mutual fund may be invested in stocks. If a buy signal on stocks is not indicated, it is determined whether a buy signal has been given on bonds using a bond model. If a buy signal has been given on bonds, substantially all assets of the mutual fund may be invested in bonds. If a buy signal on bonds is not indicated, substantially all assets of the mutual fund may be invested in cash equivalents. The method may be repeatedly queried over time to consider re-allocation of assets.
US07831488B2 Systems, methods and computer readable medium providing automated third-party confirmations
Systems and methods are defined for facilitating the audit process involving a business client, an auditor, and a third-party providing confirmations for the client upon the auditor's request. More specifically, an auditor receives an audit number from the audited client as evidence of authorization for requesting confirmation from a third-party, such as a bank or related business entity. The confirmation request submitted by the auditor will be stored in a network-based computer system and transmitted to the relevant third-party. The third-party then provides necessary confirmation data in response to the request and has the confirmation data transferred to the auditor through the computer system over the Internet. The involved third-party can be a bank or financial institution, another entity in business relationship with the client, or any other entity that has access to the requested data associated with the client.
US07831487B2 Method and system for scheduling purchase orders
Systems, methods and program products for monitoring a purchase order are disclosed. The method includes developing one or more timelines for a purchase order. Each timeline includes events in delivery of one or more items in the purchase order from a supplier to a store. The method also includes determining if an event in a timeline has occurred or will occur on schedule, and generating an activity based on the determination.
US07831486B2 Method and apparatus to ensure proper geocoding
The present invention provides a method for verifying customer addresses before using those addresses in an asset tracking system. More specifically, the enhanced asset tracking system can accept multiple characteristics of the location. An operator or GIS system can check that these descriptors are identifying the same location. If descriptors do identify a same location, then the operator or GIS system can allow the location information to pass to the assets.
US07831484B2 Seller-controlled publication of question and answer sets
An auction mechanism that would allow a buyer to submit a question to a seller, and optionally have the seller post the relevant question as well as a response for inclusion within a listing.
US07831483B1 System and method of providing recommendations
A method of providing recommendations is disclosed and includes receiving input from a visitor of an online site. The input indicates a request to receive data related to an offering from an expert associated with the offering. In some embodiments, the method also includes sending a communication to the expert in response to the request. The communication requests data related to the offering.
US07831482B2 Method and apparatus for facilitating user registration in an on-line auction environment
A method and apparatus for facilitating user registration in a network-based transaction facility are described. According to one embodiment, a user associated with a registration process in the network-based transaction facility is identified, and a verification rating is assigned to the user based on the accuracy of the registration information submitted by the user during the registration process. If the verification rating exceeds a predetermined threshold, the user is registered with the network-based transaction facility.
US07831479B2 Method and program product for conducting an electronic auction including the automatic extension of auction end time
A method of extending the closing point in a timed on-line auction. The method establishes a fixed closing time for the on-line auction. The system then monitors for the placement of a bid within a first fixed time period proximate the closing point. If a bid is received during the first fixed time period, then the timed auction is extended for a first extended time period (which may be the same length as the first fixed time period). The process then repeats by monitoring for the receipt of a bid during the first extended time period. If a bid is received, then the timed auction is extended for a second extended time period. The extensions will continue until no bid is received during an extended time period, at which point the auction will finally close.
US07831478B2 System and method for placing a product order via a communications network
A system and method for a manufacturer to attract a customer for a distributor, via a public access network, and perform product information and ordering transactions with the customer, where payment is made to the manufacturer by credit card or from another financial account maintained by or on behalf of the customer and where the manufacturer subsequently pays the distributor and an associated manufacturer's representative. The system and method includes the customer submitting a price/quotation request or product order to a host system via the public access communications network. The host system interacts with the customer, the manufacturer, the distributor (who provides purchase order information) and a third party who provides financial approval in order to fulfill the customer request. The host system also interacts with the manufacturer, customer, distributor, manufacturer's representative and third party who provided financial approval to fulfill the order.
US07831473B2 Methods, systems, and products for crediting accounts
Methods, systems, and products are disclosed for crediting an account. An advertisement is received, and the advertisement includes an account number that uniquely identifies an account associated with the advertisement. The advertisement is presented at the communications device. A request for credit is sent including the account number and a device number that uniquely identifies the communications device. The request seeks credit for presenting the advertisement.
US07831467B1 Method and system for retaining customer loyalty
A system and method for providing incentives to customers where the incentives are tailored to the customer's needs and expectations while achieving profitability to the provider are presented. The present invention determines a set of incentives based on customer segmentation, card segmentation, call type as well as other factors. Upon receiving a request for termination or other request, the customer may be routed to an appropriate person, department, or group. Information regarding the account may be identified and retrieved and the customer may be verified. Based on customer payment history and other information, the customer segment may be identified. Incentives are then determined based on customer segmentation data, product information, and call type. These incentives are offered to the customer for approval. If the customer does not accept the incentive, other sales opportunities may be offered to the customer in an effort to retain customer loyalty.
US07831465B2 Sales representative workbench with account-based interface
A computer program product for handling sales activity information, the computer program product being tangibly embodied on a computer-readable medium and including executable code that, when executed, is configured to cause a data processing apparatus to provide a sales activity interface. The sales activity interface may include a grouped plurality of fields that are grouped with respect to a customer account of a sales representative. The grouped plurality of fields may include an account name field configured to identify the customer account, a contact field configured to provide contact information associated with a contact between the sales representative and the customer account, and one or more customer value indication fields configured to provide one or more value metrics associated with the customer account.
US07831464B1 Method and system for dynamically representing distributed information
Techniques for dynamically representing distributed information are disclosed. According to one embodiment, metrics for deployed resources in a predefined environment (e.g., an enterprise) is designed. The metrics includes at least various logic and data sources and is deployed as one or more Metrics Definition Packages (MDP), wherein data sources are used for calculating such metrics. The metrics is defined in terms of the data sources and their associated meta-data, but has no dependency upon specific external systems that are eventually used to populate the data sources when the Metrics Definition Package is executed. The metrics results from the execution of the Metrics Definition Package in accordance with the deployed resources (e.g., storage space, and security means) are represented in what is referred to as a Scorecard Definition Package (SDP) that is designed to represent the metrics results in a dynamic and comprehensible manner.
US07831450B2 Medical order information display system
A medical information system receives patient data and information from various sources and displays such information in a variety of formats for use by member of a medical team in a hospital, clinic, or office. The system receives patient information from doctors, pharmacists, patient monitoring equipment, testing laboratories, and/or computer databases. Access to selected subsets of patient information is provided by user selection of specific data sets identified by job function selection icons. A member of the medical team can record observations about a patient using key words and phrases which can be supplemented with additional text for customized notation. Multiple types of patient data are selectively displayed simultaneously, and to multiple remote users. The system can access stored data according to user-specified formulae to compute a score or metric which reflects a relationship between various factors, each factor being weighted appropriately according to its significance as defined in the formula. A user can selectively display data in graphic form by “clicking” on a row of tabular data in a tabular region of the display and “dragging and dropping” that row to a graphic display region of the display.
US07831449B2 Method and system for extracting medical information for presentation to medical providers on mobile terminals
A system for providing medical providers with medical records accessible from a mobile terminal in one embodiment comprises reformatting the information in a medical record database to be used with large, ergonomic icons allowing easy transitions between pages of information in the medical record. Docking stations or wireless networks may enable the mobile terminal to access the medical records. Thus, the medical provider may have bedside access to the information in the medical records to make informed decisions about treatment regimens.
US07831448B1 Method and apparatus for inter-pharmacy workload balancing using resource function assignments
The system distributes workload amongst a plurality of pharmacy resources that are connected by a computer network. Work orders are queued at each pharmacy resource and redistributed based on existing workload distribution, capacity of pharmacy resources, and/or product demand.
US07831443B2 Method and computer program product for measuring and utilizing efficiency of medical resource and services providers
A method and computer program product is provided that, in various embodiments, may provide a measure of efficiency of resources used in medical treatment plan options. A normalized Relative Resource Value (RRV) may be obtained that measures the level of resources required to satisfy a “normal” case for a particular aspect of medical care. Applying this value against actual costs allows ranking and/or comparison of health care providers relative to one another on the basis of the price or resources applied or utilized. Moreover, applying the RRV against the quality of outcome allows comparison and ranking of providers on overall value. The invention may be applied to the components of medical care comprising, inter alia, acute inpatient, non-acute inpatient, outpatient, professional office-based care including scheduled outpatient, and pharmacy/prescriptions. The normalized RRV obtained under various embodiments of the invention may measure resource use for medical treatment plan options/resources independent of price. The RRV may be relative across, as well as within, each of the components of medical care. Thus, provider profiling generally as well as profiling across treatment plan options based on efficiency generally is within the scope of various embodiments of the invention. Moreover, providers may be compared based on efficiency for specific conditions, as well as across conditions, across treatment plan options and across components of care using various embodiments of the invention.
US07831439B1 System and method for converting gifts
A computer-implemented data processing system comprises a user interface and gift conversion logic. The user interface is configured to permit users to order products using a network service, such as a website. The gift conversion logic is in communication with the user interface and permits the users to specify gift conversion rules. For each user that specifies gift conversion rules, the gift conversion rules define a manner in which gifts purchased for the user by other users may be converted.
US07831438B2 Local item extraction
A system identifies a document that includes an address and locates business information in the document. The system assigns a confidence score to the business information, where the confidence score relates to a probability that the business information is associated with the address. The system determines whether to associate the business information with the address based on the assigned confidence score.
US07831436B2 Apparatus for decoding audio data with scalability and method thereof
An apparatus for decoding audio data that is capable of reducing the amount of calculations that are performed during the arithmetic decoding of an audio signal coded by bit sliced arithmetic coding (BSAC) to improve the performance of a decoder and a method thereof are provided. According to the embodiments of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the amount of calculations that are performed during the arithmetic decoding of an audio signal in the BSAC to 1/16 of the amount of calculations of the conventional full search method
US07831426B2 Network based interactive speech recognition system
A network based interactive speech system responds in real-time to speech-based queries addressed to a set of topic entries. A best matching response is provided based on speech recognition processing and natural language processing performed on recognized speech utterances to identify a selected set of phrases related to the set of topic entries. Another routine converts the selected set of phrases into a search query suitable for identifying a first group of one or more topic entries corresponding to the speech-based query. The words/phrases can be assigned different weightings and can include entries which are not actually in the set of topic entries.
US07831425B2 Time-anchored posterior indexing of speech
A computer-implemented method of indexing a speech lattice for search of audio corresponding to the speech lattice is provided. The method includes identifying at least two speech recognition hypotheses for a word which have time ranges satisfying a criteria. The method further includes merging the at least two speech recognition hypotheses to generate a merged speech recognition hypothesis for the word.
US07831424B2 Target specific data filter to speed processing
A method is presented which reduces data flow and thereby increases processing capacity while preserving a high level of accuracy in a distributed speech processing environment for speaker detection. The method and system of the present invention includes filtering out data based on a target speaker specific subset of labels using data filters. The method preserves accuracy and passes only a fraction of the data by optimizing target specific performance measures. Therefore, a high level of speaker recognition accuracy is maintained while utilizing existing processing capabilities.
US07831420B2 Voice modifier for speech processing systems
A speech converter in a speech processing system modifies various aspects of input speech. The speech converter receives a formants signal representing an input speech signal. The speech converter may also receive a formant scaling command or a user selection of one of multiple control signals, each specifying a manner of modifying one or more of the received signals (i.e., formants, voicing, pitch, gain). The speech converter modifies at least one of the formants, voicing, pitch, and/or gain signals as specified by the selected voice font.
US07831416B2 Probabilistic modeling system for product design
A method is provided for designing a product. The method may include obtaining data records relating to one or more input variables and one or more output parameters associated with the product; and pre-processing the data records based on characteristics of the input variables. The method may also include selecting one or more input parameters from the one or more input variables; and generating a computational model indicative of interrelationships between the one or more input parameters and the one or more output parameters based on the data records. Further, the method may include providing a set of constraints to the computational model representative of a compliance state for the product; and using the computational model and the provided set of constraints to generate statistical distributions for the one or more input parameters and the one or more output parameters, wherein the one or more input parameters and the one or more output parameters represent a design for the product.
US07831399B2 Method for determining the gas volume flow in gas recirculation at a filling station
In a method for determining the gas volume flow in gas recirculation at a filling station, by means of a thermal throughflow sensor which is installed in the gas recirculation system of a gasoline pump, measurement values are detected, which represent the mass flow of the gas recirculated during refuelling operations from the respective tank of the motor vehicle to be refuelled into a storage tank of the filling station. Furthermore, information on the composition of the recirculated gas is detected, for example by means of a vapor-pressure curve or a thermal-conductivity measurement cell. The mass flow is determined from the measurement values obtained by the thermal throughflow sensor and the information on the composition of the recirculated gas, calibration data being used. This mass flow is converted into a gas volume flow characteristic of the region of the gasoline pump valves of the gasoline pump. The method is suitable for monitoring the gas recirculation system of the gasoline pump with high accuracy.
US07831398B2 Method for quantifying varying propagation characteristics of normal incident ultrasonic signals as used in correlation based flow measurement
According to the present invention, a method is provided for sensing a fluid flow within a pipe having a lengthwise axis to determine a parameter of the fluid flow. The method includes the following steps: a) providing an array of more than two ultrasonic sensors, each sensor having a transmitter and a receiver; b) disposing the transmitter and receiver of each sensor orthogonally relative to the lengthwise axis of the pipe; c) receiving ultrasonic signals using the receivers, which received signals result from initial signals transmitted from the transmitters of the ultrasonic sensors; d) processing the received signals from each sensor by projecting the received signals against a sine function and a cosine function, high pass filtering the projected signals, and using the high pass filtered projections to create an arrival vector within a complex plane, wherein the high pass filtered arrival vector is a rectified frequency doubled signal; and e) determining the parameter of the fluid flow using the arrival vector.
US07831393B2 Methods and products for error determination of drug dose in pharmaceutical mixtures
The present invention discloses a computer program and a method including an algorithm for computing the uncertainty of drug concentration in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The invention also provides a computer system, a website and an IC chip incorporating the program product. The invention determines the allowable sensitivity of the instruments measuring each of the components and the least allowable weight (LAW) within a maximum allowable error of each ingredient at the predetermined assay standard. The method and products allow the accurate error evaluation of drug dose in pharmaceutical mixtures and unit dosage forms, which may be composed of an infinite number of ingredients that are measured on multiple equipments of variable sensitivities. Thus this invention provides instant guidance on the pharmaceutical ingredient preparation.
US07831391B2 Using segmented cones for fast, conservative assessment of collision risk
One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that facilitates assessment of collision between a primary principal and a non-primary principal for early warning. During operation, the system receives information which indicates a state of the primary principal and a state of the non-primary principal. The system divides future time into a number of time intervals, and estimates a number of possible future states of the primary and non-primary principals, wherein each future state corresponds to a time interval. The system further represents the possible future states of the primary or non-primary principal as one or more geometric objects in a space of which at least one dimension indicates the time. In addition, the system determines a probability of collision between the primary and non-primary principals based on the geometric objects.
US07831390B2 Navigation system
A navigation system includes data storage that contains map data, a current position detection portion that detects a current position of a host vehicle, an acceleration lane remaining distance determination portion that determines a distance from the current position to the end of an acceleration lane where it merges with a main thoroughfare, based on the map data and the current position of the host vehicle, a merging support guidance selection portion that selects a type of merging support guidance for supporting the merging of the host vehicle from the acceleration lane into the main thoroughfare, based on information for the host vehicle in the acceleration lane, information for another vehicle so located on the main thoroughfare as to be accounted for in merging, and the distance from the current position to the end of the acceleration lane, and a guidance execution portion that executes the selected merging support guidance.
US07831388B2 Accurate positioning system for a vehicle and its positioning method
An accurate positioning system installed in a vehicle is disclosed to include a GPS, a Gyro sensor, a vehicle speedometer, and a controller. When the GPS outputs a next GPS coordinates, the controller calculates a next reference coordinates subject to the azimuth signal outputted from the Gyro sensor and the vehicle speed signal outputted from the vehicle speedometer and calculates the distance between the next GPS coordinates and the next reference coordinates, and then assigns the GPS coordinates to be the next accurate coordinates for output when the distance between the next GPS coordinates and the next reference coordinates surpasses a reference distance, or assigns the next reference coordinates to be the next accurate coordinates for output when the distance between the next GPS coordinates and the next reference coordinates is smaller than or equal to the reference distance.
US07831386B2 Loop-based route finding and navigation
A navigation system and method uses loops as opposed to existing search techniques to more expeditiously find routes on a map from a starting point to a destination. Roads on a map are traced to form one or more continuous loops. Information regarding the loops is stored for future reference. A starting point and at least one destination are specified, and loops that connect the loops containing the starting point and destination are determined. A route is then formulated from the starting point to the destination using road segments or intersections where the identified loops are mutually contiguous. A list is generated including the loops and the road segments associated therewith. The road segments of an initial loop are examined and, if a road segment or intersection common to a next loop is identified, the road segments of that loop are examined, and so on, until a route from the starting point to the destination is found. Alternatively the route may be formulated by searching for routes along the roads that form one or more continuous loops connecting the starting point and the destination. Various speed-up algorithms and/or heuristics may be applied to the route formulation. The method finds application is many fields of endeavor, including wireless client-server navigation; embedded/dedicated automotive navigation, and logistics control, to name a few.
US07831383B2 Map display system
A highlight display flag is assigned to a link datum having undergone addition or modification when road map data are updated. A road corresponding to a link datum assigned with the highlight display flag is displayed in a highlight display form. When the highlight display form for the corresponding road is determined to be unnecessary in consideration of (i) an elapsed time period posterior to the update or (ii) a cumulative display time period, the highlight display form is returned to a usual display form.
US07831382B2 Method for differentiating duplicate or similarly named disjoint localities within a state or other principal geographic unit of interest
A method and system for differentiating duplicate yet disjoint localities, such as cities, within a state or other principal geographic unit of interest is for use with electronic maps and databases. Duplicate locality name entries are stored in a database, locality name database entries are condensed for localities having two or more similar names, and adornments for duplicate locality names are stored in the database. In the adornment selection process, for a first duplicate locality, a second duplicate locality is selected that is closest to the first. Selected adornments are first and second significant localities, such as large cities, and are closer to the first and second duplicate localities, respectively, than the first and second duplicate localities are to each other, and are more significant than the first and second duplicate localities. Adornments to duplicate localities are displayed to the user. The process is repeated for remaining duplicate localities.
US07831381B2 Data engine for ranking popularity of landmarks in a geographical area
A mechanism of rating, ranking and/or filtering landmarks located in a predefined geographic area is provided. More particularly, the subject mechanisms can facilitate rating landmarks and related criteria (e.g., points of interest (POI)) associated therewith. Thus, the mechanisms can facilitate intelligent rendering of landmark choices to users. The subject innovation facilitates rating the landmarks by analyzing items and entities in proximity to each landmark. A popularity index rating represents a sum of the number of POIs, number of commonly named entities and number of access routes to the landmark. Accordingly, this popularity index rating can allow users to rank, filter and sort landmarks in the order of popularity or interest thus maximizing available sightseeing time.
US07831380B2 Assessing road traffic flow conditions using data obtained from mobile data sources
Techniques are described for assessing road traffic conditions in various ways based on obtained traffic-related data, such as data samples from vehicles and other mobile data sources traveling on the roads, as well as in some situations data from one or more other sources (such as physical sensors near to or embedded in the roads). The assessment of road traffic conditions based on obtained data samples may include various filtering and/or conditioning of the data samples, and various inferences and probabilistic determinations of traffic-related characteristics from the data samples. In some situations, the inferences based on the data samples includes repeatedly determining traffic flow characteristics for road segments of interest during periods of time, such as to determine traffic volume and/or average occupancy of the road.
US07831379B2 Roadside signage control from vehicle operating data
Method and system to alert drivers to driving related information thought controlling information displayed on one or more roadside displays. The displayed information may related to traffic flow, road conditions, emergencies, and any other type of information. Optionally, the displayed information may be determined at least in part of data collected from onboard the vehicles.
US07831377B2 Ignition timing control system and method for internal combustion engine and engine control unit
An ignition timing control system for an internal combustion engine, which is capable of properly carrying out ignition timing control over a wide control range, thereby making it possible to improve fuel economy, and is capable of suppressing combustion fluctuation, thereby making it possible to improve drivability. Ignition timing is calculated, when the engine is determined to be in an intense combustion mode, such that a largest in-cylinder pressure angle at which in-cylinder pressure becomes largest converges to a target angle, whereas when the engine is determined to be in a weak combustion mode, the same is calculated by feedback, based on the target angle and combustion state parameters indicative of a combustion state in the cylinder.
US07831373B2 Method for operating an internal combustion engine and device for implementing the method
A method for operating an internal combustion engine in which at least one secondary fuel injection is carried out, and a device for implementing the method. The level of the motor oil of the internal combustion engine is ascertained, which is compared to a first threshold value for the maximum possible oil level. If a threshold is exceeded, a warning signal is provided. Preferably an oil-dilution signal, which is a measure for the quantity and/or the volume of the oil dilution input into the motor oil of the internal combustion engine by the at least one secondary fuel injection, is taken into account when ascertaining the oil level.
US07831371B2 Control apparatus for an internal combustion engine
The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a throttle opening learning value calculation unit for calculating a throttle opening learning value based on a deviation between a target throttle opening and a learning throttle opening, controls the throttle opening by a learning corrected target throttle opening obtained by correcting the target throttle opening with the throttle opening learning value, and updates and stores a real-time learning value and a long time learning value based on a magnitude relation between values respectively obtained by adding the long time learning value to throttle openings respectively indicated by two effective opening area axis points of a correlation map, between which lies an actual effective opening area, and an actual throttle opening when the throttle opening learning value composed of the real-time learning value and the long time learning value is to be calculated.
US07831369B2 Method and apparatus for vehicle and engine operation
There is provided a method and executable code for controlling operation of a vehicle. The vehicle control occurs during ongoing operation subsequent to deactivating an internal combustion engine which is effective to generate vehicle tractive torque. The method comprises: monitoring conditions external to the vehicle, and, restarting the internal combustion engine when the monitored external conditions indicate an imminent opportunity to move the vehicle in a forward direction.
US07831368B2 System for influencing the speed of a motor vehicle
A system for influence the speed of a host vehicle while the host vehicle is driving in a lane based on a control unit evaluating an environment of a host vehicle. The system has an electronic control unit connected to many sensors. The sensors each generate a signal. The control unit controls the host vehicle based on the signals from the sensors and further calculates a “bendiness”characteristic value from a yaw rate signal of the host vehicle. Sensed objects including other vehicles which are further away than other vehicles from the host vehicle are excluded from selection as target vehicle based on the “bendiness” characteristic value.
US07831366B2 Vehicle speed control system
A vehicle speed control system includes: a unit for computing a first target velocity based on map information; a unit for computing a second target velocity based on a road profile obtained from other information than the map information (such as lane recognition using a camera); a unit for comparing the first target velocity and the second target velocity; a unit for selecting a lower target velocity therefrom; and a unit for controlling a vehicle velocity in accordance with the selected target velocity.
US07831365B2 Ratio control method for a continuously variable transmission
A method for adjusting a ratio of a continuously variable automatic transmission where a nominal ratio is determined according to an accelerator pedal signal value. The nominal ratio is determined according to a modified accelerator pedal signal. When the periodic curve of the accelerator pedal signal has a relative extreme value to the modified accelerator pedal signal, a starting value is assigned which is equal to this extreme value. Until the value of the modified accelerator pedal signal is again equal to the value of the unmodified accelerator pedal signal, the value of the modified accelerator pedal signal is determined by a transfer function.
US07831361B2 Control unit for personal protection
A control unit for personal protection having a polarity reversal protection between an external battery voltage and an internal voltage, to prevent an energy discharge from the control unit. The control unit also has a bidirectional DC/DC converter between an energy reserve and the internal voltage, the DC/DC converter determining its direction of conversion as a function of the internal voltage. The control unit is configured so that the control unit, after a switching-off process, records at least one measured value and generates a signal as a function of this measured value which characterizes an autarchy behavior of the control unit.
US07831360B2 System for classifying vehicle occupants
The present invention relates to a system for classifying vehicle occupants, which enables an airbag to be deployed only for an occupant corresponding to a specific type or a specific condition. The system includes a detector installed in a vehicle seal and adapted to sense variation in current occurring when an occupant is seated in the seat and a controller for determining whether the occupant is seated and which type of occupant is sitting, using a current value measured by the detector, and transmitting a result of determination to an airbag control unit. The system reduces the likelihood of erroneous occupant classifications.
US07831354B2 Body state estimation of a vehicle
The present invention features a system and method for estimating body states of a vehicle. The system includes at least two sensors mounted to the vehicle. The sensors generate measured vehicle state signals corresponding to the dynamics of the vehicle. A signal adjuster transforms the measured vehicle states from a sensor coordinate system to a body coordinate system associated with the vehicle. A filter receives the transformed measured vehicle states from the signal adjuster and processes the measured signals into state estimates of the vehicle, such as, for example, the lateral velocity, yaw rate, roll angle, and roll rate of the vehicle.
US07831346B2 Method for detecting decompression of tires and device thereof, and program for judging decompression of tires
A method for detecting decompression of tires based on the rotational speed of wheels mounted on a vehicle, comprising the steps of: detecting the rotational speed of each of the above-mentioned wheels, determining the speed against ground of the vehicle, calculating the speed information of a fixed wheel from the rotational speeds of said wheels, calculating the judgment value of the wheel position by comparing the speed information of the wheels with the speed against ground of the vehicle, comparing the judgment value of the wheel position with the basis value of the wheel position obtained by preliminarily comparing the speed against ground of the vehicle with the speed information of the wheels at prescribed inner pressure, and judging decompression of tires based on relation between the comparison value of the basis value with the judgment value and a fixed threshold. A region of judging decompression of tires can be broadened and the accuracy of reduced pressure judgment can be improved.
US07831340B2 Local digital valve controller unit
A controller assembly is adapted for regulating at least one valve having a valve positioner. The controller assembly comprises a digital controller having a plurality of data inputs and data outputs and includes at least one proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller operative to modulate the valve positioner in response to data received at the data inputs. The digital controller is configured to perform the following functions within a total time period of no greater than 10 ms: acquisition of data at the data inputs, processing of the data, and transmission of data from the data output in order to regulate the valve(s). The digital controller may include a quantity of at least sixteen digital inputs, at least sixteen digital outputs, at least eight analog inputs and at least eight analog outputs.
US07831335B2 Ultrasonic sensor for detecting the dispensing of a product
A vending machine includes a vend sensor for detecting a completion of a vend operation. The vend sensor includes an electronic circuit connected to first and second sound elements positioned on opposing sides of a product delivery chute of the vending machine. The first sound element directs a sound beam across the product delivery chute where it is received by the second sound element. During a vend operation, a product container is guided to the product delivery chute to be dispensed to a consumer. As the container passes through the product delivery chute, the sound beam is interrupted, thereby signaling the completion of a vend operation. Each of the first and second sound elements is provided with a cone that focuses the sound beam so as to limit interruptions stemming from outside sound sources.
US07831331B1 Apparatus and method for detecting knife position on a tufting machine
An apparatus and method for detecting the position of a knife on a tufting machine. The apparatus includes a grounded needle, an electrically-insulated knife adapted to send a knife signal, a solenoid adapted to move the knife, and a programmable logic controller adapted to send a pattern signal to the solenoid, receive the knife signal from the knife, compare the knife signal to the pattern signal, and determine if the knife is in the position prescribed by the pattern signal. The method includes providing such an apparatus, inputting the pattern signal into the programmable logic controller, sending the pattern signal from the programmable logic controller to the solenoid, sending a knife signal from the electrically-insulated knife to the programmable logic controller, comparing the knife signal to the pattern signal, determining if the electrically-insulated knife is in the position prescribed by the pattern signal.
US07831328B2 Method and device for producing a three-dimensional object, and computer and data carrier useful therefor
The invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensional object by solidification of a material solidifiable under the action of electromagnetic radiation by means of energy input via an imaging unit comprising a predetermined number of discrete imaging elements (pixels), The method comprises performing solidification with exposure using bitmap mask. The bitmap mask may be formed from a stack of bitmap data provided by an overlap analysis of a three-dimensional volume completely or partially enclosing a three-dimensional model of at least a part of the three-dimensional object to be produced. Alternatively, bitmap mask may be formed from a two-dimensional data set comprising overlap information. Solidification may be performing with exposure using bitmap mask generated “on the fly”. The invention is also directed to devices, and a computer and a data carrier useful for performing or executing the method.
US07831324B2 Method and system for randomizing wafers in a complex process line
By coordinating a process regime of a process module for sample substrates used in a previously performed metrology process, an increased degree of measurement information may be obtained. For this purpose, the coordination may be based on a sampling ruleset related to the process module, wherein the previously selected sample substrates may be appropriately sequenced through the process module to increase the probability for complying with the associated sampling ruleset. Furthermore, the enhanced process coordination may be advantageously combined with randomization steps, thereby providing a “pseudo randomization,” in which sample substrates are intentionally positioned, while the remaining substrates may be randomized for decoupling related process steps.
US07831318B2 Model predictive control of fermentation temperature in biofuel production
A system and method are provided for controlling temperature of a batch fermenter in a biofuel production process. A nonlinear predictive integrating temperature model for a batch fermentation process is provided that is a function of fermenter level. An objective for the batch fermentation process specifying a target fermenter temperature for the batch fermentation process is received, as is process information for the batch fermentation process, including fermenter level and fermenter temperature. The nonlinear predictive integrating temperature model is executed in accordance with the objective using the process information as input to determine target values for manipulated variables for controlling fermenter temperature of the batch fermentation process. The fermenter temperature for the batch fermentation process is controlled in accordance with the target values to produce biofuel in accordance with the objective, to substantially optimize the end of batch biofuel yield.
US07831317B2 Distributed historian architecture
A distributed historian framework is provided where historical data is collected in accordance with an organizational model of a hierarchical system that is distributed across various elements of an enterprise. A directory service operates with the organizational model to enable configuration of historian components within the organization and to enable data to be located within the organization. In one aspect, an industrial automation system is provided. The system includes at least one historian component to archive data within an organization. A common data model then exposes functionality and data of the organization to the historian component.
US07831313B2 Lead anchor for implantable stimulation devices and methods of manufacture and use
A lead anchor includes a body defining a first opening and a second opening through which a lead can pass. A protrusion and a corresponding depression may be provided within the body that cooperate to form a non-linear path for the lead through the housing to resist movement of the lead within the lead anchor.
US07831310B2 Microprocessor controlled ambulatory medical apparatus with hand held communication device
An implantable infusion pump possesses operational functionality that is, at least in part, controlled by software operating in two processor ICs which are configured to perform some different and some duplicate functions. The pump exchanges messages with an external device via telemetry. Each processor controls a different part of the drug infusion mechanism such that both processors must agree on the appropriateness of drug delivery for infusion to occur. Delivery accumulators are incremented and decremented with delivery requests and with deliveries made. When accumulated amounts reach or exceed, quantized deliverable amounts, infusion is made to occur. The accumulators are capable of being incremented by two or more independent types of delivery requests. Operational modes of the infusion device are changed automatically in view of various system errors that are trapped, various system alarm conditions that are detected, and when excess periods of time lapse between pump and external device interactions.
US07831308B2 Neural stimulation delivery device with independently moveable delivery structures
The present invention relates to a neural stimulation delivery device to deliver electrical and/or chemical stimulation to target sites in the central and peripheral nervous system. The device generally includes a tubular body defining a plurality of ports along the longitudinal axis thereof, a plurality of delivery structures insertable in the body, and a control mechanism in communication with the plurality of delivery structures to independently move each of the plurality of delivery structures through a respective one of the plurality of ports with respect to each other of the plurality of delivery structures. The ability of each delivery structure to be independently moveable through a respective port allows each delivery structure to be selectively advanced or retracted independent of the movement of another delivery structure.
US07831306B2 System and method for electrical stimulation of the intervertebral disc
In one embodiment, a method electrically stimulates an area in a spinal disc. The method comprises: implanting at least one steerable lead at a placement site for stimulating a spinal disc such that the lead is disposed exterior and immediately adjacent to and circumferentially along an annulus of the spinal disc, the at least one lead including a plurality of electrodes distributed along a majority of a circumference of the annulus; connecting the lead to a signal generator; and generating electrical stimulation pulses using the generator to stimulate targeted portions of the spinal disc, wherein the stimulation of the targeted portion of the spinal disc sufficiently stimulates nerve tissue within the spinal disc to prevent communication of pain signals originating in the spinal disc without damaging tissue of the spinal disc.
US07831305B2 Neural stimulation system and method responsive to collateral neural activity
A neural stimulation system responsive to collateral neural activity that may arise in association with a neural stimulation procedure includes a stimulation interface configured to deliver stimulation signals to a target neural population, a monitoring interface positioned to receive signals corresponding to a neural activity within the target neural population, a stimulus unit coupled to deliver stimulation signals to the stimulation interface, and a sensing unit coupled to the monitoring device and the stimulus unit. The neural stimulation procedure may be directed toward rehabilitating, restoring, and/or enhancing one or more neural functions by facilitating and/or effectuating a neuroplastic change or reorganization; and/or affecting a neurological condition that exists on a continuous or essentially continuous basis absent the stimulation procedure. The sensing unit determines whether evidence of an collateral neural activity exists, whereupon the stimulus unit attempts to abate the collateral neural activity.
US07831303B2 Cardiac pacing apparatus and method for continuous capture management
An implantable cardiac stimulation system and method having continuous capture management capabilities are provided. Continuous capture management is realized by continuously monitoring for secondary effects of loss of capture, thereby effectively providing continuous capture management in any heart chamber without encountering the limitations normally associated with evoked response sensing. A pacing threshold search is triggered upon detecting a secondary indicator of loss of capture. Secondary indicators of loss of capture may be lead-related changes, changes related to the occurrence of atrial sensed events, changes related related to the occurrence of ventricular sensed or paced events, and/or changes related to a monitored physiological condition.
US07831297B2 Guide wire torque device
A device for gripping a guide wire includes a body portion having an opening therethrough, and has an open position and a closed position. When the device is in the open position the guide wire may be passed through the opening. When the device is in the closed position the guide wire is gripped at more than one location thereby allowing force or torque to be applied to the guide wire. A device according to the invention may optionally, or instead, include (a) a snout to act as a guide wire director, (b) a structure, such as an opening, configured to receive an end of a guide wire package, (c) a structure for securing a body member to the device, and/or (d) a mechanism for advancing or retracting a guide wire. If the device includes one of these optional features, it need not be designed to grip a guide wire at two or more locations.
US07831296B2 X-ray mammography with tomosynthesis
A method and system for producing tomosynthetic images of a patient's breast. An x-ray source that delivers x-rays through a breast immobilized and compressed between a compression paddle and a breast platform and form an image at a digital x-ray receptor panel. Multiple x-ray images are taken as the x-ray source and the receptor move relative to the immobilized breast. In one preferred embodiment, the x-ray source travels from −15° to +15°. The source can travel in an arc around the breast while the receptor travels linearly while remaining parallel and at the same distance from the breast platform. The sets of x-ray image data taken at different angles are combined to form tomosynthetic images that can be viewed in different formats, alone or as an adjunct to conventional mammograms.
US07831293B2 Method of defining a biological target for treatment
A method of defining a biological target for treatment in which image detectable markers are placed at and correlated to the location or locations of tissue biopsy. By obtaining pathological analysis of the biopsy tissue specimens and correlating the analysis to the corresponding marker locations, the definitive pathological analysis of the target tissue at the marker locations can be correlated to corresponding locations on a functional image of the target tissue. The correlation of the marker locations and pathology to the corresponding locations on a functional image can then be used to prescribe and apply modulated therapy to the target tissue.
US07831292B2 Guidance system and method for surgical procedures with improved feedback
It is often desirable to define objects with respect to images of an anatomy displayed using an image guided surgery system. For non-trivial objects, or those with complicated two or three dimensional forms, it may be difficult to present information in a manner that is simple for a user to understand. The local distance to a surface of interest, such as the surface of the defined object, or to a desired position, the local penetration distance of the surface of interest, or haptic repulsion force, often provides the most useful information for augmenting the interaction of the user with the image guided surgery system. The scalar value of the local distance may be conveyed to the user by visual, audio, tactile, haptic, or other means.
US07831291B2 Subject moving apparatus and imaging apparatus
A cradle position sensing mechanism that includes a scale unit having a scale, which is used to detect the position of the cradle, formed thereon and being extended to cover a sliding range within which the cradle can be slid; and a sensor unit that moves in the directions, in which the scale unit is extended, along with the slide of the cradle so as to detect the scale of the scale unit. The cradle position sensing mechanism serves as a digital linear encoder. Based on the reading on the scale detected by the sensor, the cradle position sensing mechanism calculates the position into which the cradle is slid.
US07831288B1 Method for mapping potential distribution of a heart chamber
A method of mapping electrical activity of a patient's heart. The system includes a set of electrodes spaced from the heart wall and a set of electrodes in contact with the heart wall. Voltage measurements from the electrodes are used to generate three-dimensional and two-dimensional maps of the electrical activity of the heart.
US07831287B2 Dual electrode system for a continuous analyte sensor
Disclosed herein are systems and methods for a continuous analyte sensor, such as a continuous glucose sensor. One such system utilizes first and second working electrodes to measure additional analyte or non-analyte related signal. Such measurements may provide a background and/or sensitivity measurement(s) for use in processing sensor data and may be used to trigger events such as digital filtering of data or suspending display of data.
US07831284B2 Method and device for preventing unintentional key input in a wireless mobile terminal with a removable case
A device for preventing an unintentional key input in a mobile terminal with a removable outer case is provided. The device includes a connection section to which the outer case is connected, a sensing unit for sensing whether the outer case is opened or closed, and a control unit for sensing whether the outer case is connected to the mobile terminal through the connection section. The control unit activates a key input unit of the mobile terminal when the sensing unit senses that the outer case is opened.
US07831282B2 Wireless node providing improved battery power consumption and system employing the same
A system includes fobs and sensors each of which has a wireless transceiver, a processor and a battery powering the transceiver and processor. A server includes a processor and wireless transceiver, both of which are mains-powered. A fob processor timer repetitively causes its processor to enter a normal mode from a sleep mode, cause the transceiver to enter a powered state from a reduced power state, and send a wireless message from its transceiver to the server transceiver to request data therefrom. A sensor processor timer repetitively causes its processor to enter a normal mode from a sleep mode, cause the transceiver to enter a powered state from a reduced power state, read an analog or digital input, and send a wireless message based upon the read input from its transceiver to the server transceiver to provide data thereto. Each of the timers times asynchronously with respect to other timers.
US07831280B2 Reducing the effect of signal interference in null areas caused by overlapping antenna patterns
A wireless communication system for transmitting and receiving wireless communications using at least one beam is disclosed. The system comprises a plurality of WTRUs, at least one beam-forming antenna, and at least one radio network controller (RNC). The antenna is capable of beam-forming and beams emanating from the antenna may be adjusted in accordance with actual conditions in the wireless communication system. The antenna is further capable of dithering beams in the azimuth and/or elevation plane for breaking up null areas due to beam overlap.
US07831275B2 Information terminal device provided with turning function carrying camera
In an information terminal apparatus with a camera having a rotating function, the object of the invention is to impart a predetermined torque to a camera so as to render the camera easily rotatable by the force of a finger in a desired direction and to continue its state of standstill when the rotation is stopped.An information terminal apparatus with a camera having a rotating function in accordance with the invention comprises: a camera unit including a cylindrical member 62 having a shaft portion 62C at one end thereof and for accommodating a camera therein, and an annular member 72 which is fitted over the shaft portion 62C; a main body portion 1 having a bearing portion 42 for holding the annular member 72 and for rotatably supporting the camera unit; and an elastic member 74 provided between the main body portion 1 and the cylindrical member 72, wherein the elastic member 74 is arranged to impart a direction-of-axis force in an axial direction of the camera unit while moving together with the rotation of the camera unit.
US07831274B2 Base station for exchanging frequency bands
An apparatus and method for exchanging frequency bands used by a plurality of base stations are provided. A base station for exchanging frequency bands includes a receiving unit to receive first quiet time duration information of an adjacent base station, a frequency band measuring unit to determine first frequency band measuring information with respect to a first frequency band used by the adjacent base station based on the first quiet time duration information, a frequency band exchange-determining unit to determine whether to exchange frequency bands with each other based on the first frequency band measuring information, and a transmitting unit to transmit data to a terminal using the first frequency band according to the determined result.
US07831270B2 Providing virtual talk group communication sessions in accordance with endpoint resources
Providing one or more virtual talk groups to an endpoint includes establishing one or more resources of a user endpoint. Demand of the one or more virtual talk groups is estimated, where the demand is placed on the one or more resources. Whether the one or more resources are capable of satisfying the demand is determined. At least a subset of the one or more virtual talk groups that may be presented to the user endpoint is established, if the one or more resources are not capable of satisfying the demand. At least the subset of the one or more virtual talk groups is provided to the user endpoint.
US07831265B1 Mobile rate control in mobile to mobile video communication
A system for a mobile wireless communications device configured to stream video to a peer device over a mobile wireless network, the device configured to increase the radio channel capacity between the wireless communication devices and the network to allow faster video encoding and transmission. The video transmitting device receives measurements on radio conditions related to the radio channels carrying the video and determines if the radio conditions can support an increased channel capacity. If so, the transmitting device sends a request to the network to increase capacity on the radio channels. If the network determines that the other resources transporting the video can support an increase in traffic resulting from an increase in the radio channel capacity, then the network sends orders to carry out a radio channel capacity increase.
US07831250B2 System and methods of integrating an overlay wireless data network canopy into a high bandwidth FTTX (fiber-to-the premises / curb / neighborhood) network
An approach to integrate a wireless data network canopy into the high-capacity fixed FttX (Fiber-to-the-Premises/Curb/Neighborhood) network at intersection points throughout the overlay rather than interconnecting them as two disparate networks in order to provide a plurality of data containing video, audio, voice communications, broadcast radio programming, and data both fixed and mobile. This approach is applicable to active networks. Considerations must still be made for security.
US07831249B2 Test device for use in a test system for checking transmission procedures in a mobile telephony network
Test device (1) is for use in a test system for checking transmission procedures in a mobile telephony network. The test device (1) comprises a mobile telephone (2) configured such that it is able to communicate with a subscriber identification module (SIM). Furthermore, the test device (1) has a SIM simulation processor (4) associated locally with the mobile telephone (2), to prepare a SIM simulation which may be connected to other components of the test system. The test device (1) also has a physical SIM card (10) connected to the SIM simulation processor (4) such that the mobile telephone (2) is able to selectively communicate with the SIM simulation or with the physical SIM card (10). A test device (1) is thus provided, the use of which allows a greater flexibility of the SIM data used in the test process.
US07831248B2 Apparatus and method for detecting communication operation resulted from an erroneous content in mobile platform
Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for detecting whether a content executed in a mobile platform of mobile communication terminal perform a communication operation without a user's reservation or permission, thereby preventing an unexpected communication operation. In this invention, if a content performs the communication operation due to its malfunction by a computer virus or a program error, the communication operation, such as voice calling or message transmission to unspecified communication terminal or access to arbitrary wireless internet server, is detected and interrupted. With the interruption of the unexpected communication operation, the user's damage, such as the payment of charges for communication services, is previously prevented. In case of the interruption of the communication operation, the user is informed of the erroneous content and the performed communication operation so that the user selects the corresponding contents to be deleted or preserved.
US07831246B1 Mobile merchant
A mobile merchant service allows payment information, credit information, or other transaction information to be processed utilizing a mobile user device. The information can be transmitted utilizing USSD technology that provides a session oriented transaction. Information relating to the customer payment or account details are not maintained in the user device, providing security of personal information. The user device can be synchronized with other devices to facilitate reconciliation and performing financial or other functions.
US07831245B1 Blind mobile-to-mobile number search
Wireless user equipment in possession of a user can be identified (e.g., by its telephone number) based upon observations or knowledge of another such user. Information associated with one of a first user and second user, such as a telephone number, can then be provided to the other. For example, a first user who observes a second user may wish to know the number of the second user's mobile phone without asking the second user for his or her number. The second user's number can be determined by estimating the location of the second user based upon the first user's location and the first user's observations about the second user, and identifying any user equipment at the estimated location.
US07831244B2 Retrieving an image via a coded surface
A method of retrieving an image using a print medium is disclosed. The method starts by sensing the print medium using a sensor module of a mobile telecommunications device to obtain data encoded on a surface of the print medium. The data encodes at least a print media identifier. From the data the print media identifier is determined. The image is associated with the print media identifier. The image is retrieved by the mobile telecommunications device, and displayed on a display of the mobile telecommunications device.
US07831243B2 Communications device, system and method for personalized content delivery
A method, system and/or computer program product for personalized content delivery may include transmitting a signal to request a user's personal preferences, wherein the user's personal preferences may be stored in one of a memory of a communications device, a SIM or a U-SIM or the like. The method, system and/or computer program product may further include delivering a specific content in response to one of the user's personal preferences or personal preferences of a majority of users.
US07831241B2 Entering contacts in a communication message on a mobile device
Embodiments described herein provide a user with the ability to enter and validate contact addresses when composing a message on a mobile device. The user may access at least one of a local contact address data store and a remote contact address data store when entering and validating contact addresses.
US07831237B2 Authenticating mobile network provider equipment
Providing mobile network security is disclosed. A first mobile network provider equipment registers using a secret data that is known to a registration entity with which the first mobile network provider equipment is configured to register and embodied in a physical device associated with the first mobile network provider equipment in a manner that enables the physical device to be used to perform a cryptographic function using the secret data but prevents the physical device from being used to provide the secret data as output. An encryption data usable to communicate securely with a second mobile network provider equipment over a packet data network is received from the registration entity.
US07831234B2 Mixer arrangement, use of the mixer arrangement and method for frequency conversion
A mixer arrangement includes a mixer cell coupled by a signal input to a mixer input, and is embodied for frequency conversion of a signal present on the input side to an intermediate frequency. A first current source is coupled to the signal input of the mixer cell, and a second current source is coupled to a signal output of the mixer cell. The mixer arrangement furthermore includes a sensor circuit embodied for detection and for outputting of a value which is derived from a current of one of the current sources. A desired value regulating circuit is coupled by a feedback input to the sensor circuit and is designed for outputting a regulating signal to the one current source derived from a comparison of a signal present at a feedback input with a desired value.
US07831233B2 System and method for radio signal reconstruction using signal processor
A waveform reconstruction circuit receives an rf signal from an antenna, digitizes it, and then generates an undistorted reconstructed waveform. The reconstructed waveform can then be conventionally mixed and demodulated to extract useful signal information with enhanced receiver fidelity and sensitivity.
US07831227B2 DAC based switching power amplifier
A power amplifier for use in a transmitter includes a first transistor having an input, a first node and a second node, a second transistor having an input, a first node and a second node and a digital to analog conversion module. The input of the first transistor is coupled to receive a first input, while the input of the second transistor is coupled to receive a second input. The second nodes of the first and second transistors provide an output of the power amplifier. The digital to analog conversion module is coupled to control current through the first and second transistors.
US07831226B2 Impedance matching system, network analyzer having the same, and impedance matching method thereof
An impedance matching system, a network analyzer having the same, and an impedance matching method thereof are disclosed. The system includes a signal extractor to extract an output signal and an input signal having at least a portion of an electric current outputted through a load and at least a portion of an electric current inputted through the load, respectively, a processor to process the output signal and the input signal extracted from the signal extractor, a comparator to compare a phase and an amplitude of the output signal with a phase and an amplitude of the input signal, respectively, a coefficient calculator to calculate a reflection coefficient using the comparative result provided from the comparator, and a circuit controller to generate a signal for controlling a matching circuit, which matches the phase and the amplitude of the output signal with the phase and the amplitude of the input signal, respectively, so as to ensure the reflection coefficient to have a predetermined value.
US07831221B2 Predistortion system and amplifier for addressing group delay modulation
An amplifier includes an RF power amplifier and a predistortion circuit coupled to the power amplifier. The predistortion circuit affects an input path of an RF input signal to the power amplifier. The predistortion circuit is operable for detecting a level of an input signal and generating a delay in the input path based on the input signal level. This enables predistortion correction of a new distortion term AM/DM, in addition to the well known AM/AM and AM/PM terms. The new AM/DM term represents the distortion that is caused by the delay modulation of the input signal as a function of the envelope power variation within the input signal.
US07831219B2 Matching network
A matching network for matching an antenna to a transmitter or receiver comprises an input port for receiving high-frequency power, an output port and a switchable impedance transformation circuit, which is connected between the input port and the output port. The impedance transformation circuit comprises a CMOS switch in a high-frequency path, which has a first switching state and a second switching state. The impedance transformation circuit is implemented to match a first impedance applied to the output port to a first predetermined impedance in the first switching state, and to match a second impedance applied to the output port to a second predetermined impedance in the second switching state. The inventive matching network allows a particularly good utilization of power provided by a transmitting amplifier or an antenna.
US07831218B2 Modular keypad with wireless arrangement for a mobile device
Described is a mobile device comprising a base unit and a keypad detachably coupled to the base unit. The keypad includes an input arrangement and a first wireless arrangement operating in accordance with a first wireless protocol.
US07831214B1 Low power linear transmit/receive (T/R) module
A T/R module utilizes a low noise amplifier in both the transmit and receive modes. In this manner the low noise amplifier enables one to provide a T/R module which has reduced prime power and lower weight and particularly useful in airship radar systems and spaced based radar systems. The low noise amplifier is switched between a receive and a transmit mode by switching mechanism which in the receive mode enables the antenna to be directed to the input of the low noise amplifier with the output of the low noise amplifier directed to a phase shifter and attenuator. The switching operates in a transmit mode where the output of the low noise amplifier is connected to the input of the antenna while the input of the low noise amplifier is now connected to the phase shifter and attenuator for providing a transmit signal. The invention has an additional benefit of enabling linear Class A operation in the transmit mode in both radar and communication systems supporting beam shaping and waveform shaping capabilities. A 100% transmit duty cycle for communications is also supported.
US07831210B1 MEMS-based broadband transceiver/sensor
The present invention is a MEMS-based broadband transceiver/sensor.A MEMS-based transceiver/sensor in accordance with the present invention may comprise: (a) an antenna; (b) a front-end triplexer block; (c) a plurality of N transceiving channels; and (d) an RF energy sensor. The front end triplexer block may comprise M triplexers, each triplexer having MEMS-based filters. The transceiving channels may each comprise: (i) a local oscillator; (ii) a mixer; (iii) a first N:1 MEMS-based switch; (iv) a plurality of N MEMS-based variable bandwidth bandpass filters; and (v) a second N:1 MEMS-based switch. The RF energy sensor may comprise: (vi) an M:1 MEMS-based switch; (vii) a local oscillator; (viii) a mixer; and (ix) a plurality of MEMS-based variable bandwidth bandpass filters.
US07831207B2 Flash pairing between bluetooth devices
In an example embodiment, a technique that allows a device unable to display a confirmation value and/or unable to receive a keyed data entry to confirm a generated confirmation value with a confirmation value produced by a second device. The confirmation value is output one character at a time. For example, for performing a six digit numerical comparison (NC), each digit is presented one at a time enabling a user to compare the output digit with the corresponding digit output by the second device.
US07831205B2 Methods and systems for wireless communication by magnetic induction
Disclosed are embodiments of methods and systems for wireless data transmission by magnetic induction. In one embodiment, a network of magnetic induction units is provided. The units may be configured to transmit a data signal by modulation of a time-varying magnetic field. One or more units may also be configured to receive a data signal received from another magnetic induction unit. In one specific implementation, a network of underground magnetic induction units is provided, each having a sensor connected thereto. Each of the units, or a subset of the units, may be configured to transmit its sensed data to an adjacent or nearby unit, which, in turn, may retransmit the original data, along with additional appended data, to another adjacent unit. The network data may thereby be relayed in a multi-hop fashion until it reaches a desired destination.
US07831201B2 Co-channel wireless communication methods and systems using relayed wireless communications
Wireless communications are transmitted from at least two radioterminals to a base station co-channel over a return link using a return link alphabet. Wireless communications are also transmitted from the base station to the at least two radioterminals over a forward link using a forward link alphabet that has more symbols than the return link alphabet. The co-channel signals are deciphered at the receiver, while the radioterminals can use a smaller return link alphabet, which can reduce the power dissipation at the radioterminals.
US07831196B2 Automatic essay scoring system
A method of grading an essay using an automated essay scoring system is provided. The method comprises the steps of deriving a set of predetermined features from the essay, wherein the predetermined feature set comprises one or more features that are independent from the test prompt, scoring the feature set with a scoring equation, wherein a multiple regression analysis with graded essay data produces weights for the scoring equation, generating a raw score for the essay; and processing the raw score for the essay into a score category based on an adaptive cutoff algorithm. Also provided is a method of generating a model in which to grade essays, wherein the data used to generate the model is independent from the test prompt or essay topic.
US07831194B2 Image forming apparatus
An image forming apparatus includes a laser scanning unit that irradiates a light. A photoconductive medium forms thereon an electrostatic latent image using the light from the laser scanning unit. A developing roller transfers a developer onto the electrostatic latent image formed on the photoconductive medium to develop the electrostatic latent image. A transferring roller forms a transfer nip in tight contact with the photoconductive medium and transfers the developer attached on the photoconductive medium onto a paper passing through the transfer nip. A paper supplying part stacks the paper thereon. A pickup roller picks up the paper stacked on the paper supplying part. A paper edge sensor senses a top edge of the paper picked up by the pickup roller. The paper picked up by the pickup roller is directly supplied toward the transfer nip. A paper moving path is reduced, thereby minimizing the whole size of the image forming apparatus. Also, the number of parts is reduced, thereby decreasing material costs.
US07831192B2 Image forming apparatus
An image forming apparatus is provided with a first and a second sheet feeding sections for accommodating sheets before printing in a stacked manner; a first sheet conveying section including first conveying members and adapted to convey a sheet received from the first sheet feeding section; a second sheet conveying section including second conveying members and adapted to convey a sheet received from the second sheet feeding section; a plurality of image forming units each including driven members and adapted to form toner images of different colors; a first driving source for driving the first conveying members; and a second driving source for driving the second conveying members. Some of the driven members are driven by the first driving source and others are driven by the second driving source.
US07831190B2 Cover opening and closing unit, image forming apparatus having the same, and method of removing and mounting cover
A cover opening and closing unit for an image forming apparatus, includes a cover removably mounted to a main body of the image forming apparatus mounting therein a developer cartridge, a developing unit, a transferring unit and a waste-developer receptacle, and a locking device fixing the cover to the main body of image forming apparatus. The locking device is released from the main body only after the waste-developer receptacle is removed from the main body.
US07831189B2 Lubricant applying unit, a process cartridge including the same, and an image forming apparatus provided with the process cartridge including the same
A lubricant applying unit, included in a process cartridge provided in an image forming apparatus, includes a solid lubricant, a lubricant supporting unit to support the solid lubricant, a lubricant holder to accommodate the solid lubricant supported by the lubricant supporting unit, a pressing mechanism located between the lubricant supporting unit and the lubricant holder and designed to press the solid lubricant against a lubricant applying member, and a frictional resistance reducing member to reduce a frictional resistance produced at sliding contact portions between the lubricant supporting unit and internal surfaces of the lubricant holder.
US07831185B2 Image forming apparatus capable of smooth transmission of recording medium
Disclosed is an image forming apparatus including a first member having a surface endlessly moving in a specific direction a second member having a surface endlessly moving in the specific direction at a region facing the surface of the first member, and a supporting member holding the second member and to move together with the second member. The supporting member includes a release mechanism to release an engagement of the supporting member from the second member. A pressing member is included to press the second member via the supporting member to cause the second member to contact the first member under pressure to form a nip between the first and second members. The release mechanism releases the engagement of the supporting member from the second member when the second member is pushed away by a leading edge of a recording medium having a thickness greater than a reference thickness value.
US07831184B2 Image forming apparatus, image forming method and image forming program
An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit that forms multicolor toner images superposed on a transfer belt. A sensor is disposed in an image formation region and detects a pattern on the transfer belt. A controller determines, when image data is received, whether or not a region of a toner image based on the image data will be superposed on a region of the pattern. The controller controls the image forming unit to form the toner image based on the image data and the pattern simultaneously on the transfer belt when the controller determines that the region of the toner image based on the image data will not be superposed on the region of the pattern.
US07831183B2 Electrophotograph developing roller and developing apparatus employing the same
A developing roller comprising: a shaft comprising an aluminum alloy; and a coating layer directly formed on a periphery of the shaft, the coating layer comprising a conducting agent and a binder comprising a resin, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises 0.2 to 0.8% by mass of silicon and 0.05 to 1.5% by mass of maganese, based on the total mass of the aluminum alloy.
US07831179B2 Liquid separator, liquid mixture supplying system adopting such liquid separator and image forming apparatus
A liquid separator is a device for separating and extracting a dispersoid and a dispersion medium from a liquid sample containing the dispersoid and the dispersion medium. The liquid separator has a liquid storage container capable of storing the liquid sample; an electrode roller including a rotary shaft, arranged to touch the liquid sample in the liquid storage container, capable of conveying the liquid sample along the outer circumferential surface thereof and rotatable about the rotary shaft; a separating member held in contact with the electrode roller for separating the dispersion medium from the liquid sample being conveyed along the outer circumferential surface of the electrode roller; and a collecting member for collecting the dispersion medium from the outer circumferential surface of the electrode roller at a position downstream of the contact position with the electrode roller and the separating member in a rotating direction of the electrode roller.
US07831177B2 Discharge device, image forming unit and apparatus
A discharge device including a discharge member that discharges an photoconductive member overlying an image bearer via a prescribed gap, and a voltage applying device that only applies direct current voltage to the discharge member. The below described relation is established, wherein AV is a difference in voltage on the photoconductive member creating an imperceptible difference in density on an output image, d (V/micrometer) is a rate of a voltage discharged on the photoconductive member in relation to an interval of the gap I (micrometer) between the discharge member and the image bearer: ΔV≧I·d.
US07831175B2 Developer cartridge guide unit and image forming apparatus having the same
A developing unit of an image forming apparatus includes a developing member to develop an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive medium with a developer, a first feed member to feed the developer to the developing member, and a reset member disposed above the developing member to reset the developing member. Accordingly, expenditure for consumables is reduced, because a developer cartridge is separately provided. Additionally, efficient developer agitation is provided. Furthermore, a consistent image quality is achieved, because a plurality of augers move vertically and horizontally to circulate the developer inside the developing unit.
US07831173B2 Image forming apparatus and image bearing member cover
An image forming apparatus has an image bearing member and a main body with an internal conveyance path for conveying a transfer material. An opening/closing member is attached to the main body and is displaceable between a closed position and an opened position where the conveyance path is exposed. A cover is set to cover a part of the image bearing member facing the conveyance path when the opening/closing member is open and is retracted from the conveyance path when the opening/closing member is closed. A moving mechanism slides the cover. Front and rear frames are held movably by the moving mechanism and are attached respectively to front and rear edges of the cover in a sliding direction. A tension applying mechanism acts on the frames to apply tension to the cover in the sliding direction during a sliding movement of the cover.
US07831162B2 Image forming apparatus with surface potential adjustment based on idle time
The present invention is an image forming apparatus containing an image holding body, a developer holding body for holding developer that forms a developer image by being affixed to the electrostatic latent image formed on the image holding body, a transfer unit for transferring the developer image to a medium, a fusion apparatus for fusing the transferred developer image onto the medium, an idle time judgment process section for making a judgment as to whether an idle time, from when printing is completed to when printing is initiated, of the image forming apparatus is long, and a surface potential setting process section for changing and setting a surface potential of the image holding body to a reference value at which fogging is not generated in a case where the idle time is long.
US07831157B2 Total layer thickness detection apparatus, charging device, image forming apparatus, total layer thickness detection method and computer readable medium storing program for total layer thickness detection
A total layer thickness detection apparatus for a charged body includes: a saturated charge amount detection unit that detects a saturated charge amount of a charged body having plural coating layers with mutually different relative dielectric constants; a storage unit that stores relation information indicating relation of change of the saturated charge amount of the charged body with respect to a change of layer thickness of a surface layer of the charged body; and a calculation part that calculates a total layer thickness of the plural coating layers of the charged body based on the change of the saturated charge amount detected by the saturated charge amount detection unit and the relation information stored in the storage unit.
US07831156B2 Image forming apparatus having enhanced management for consumable-supplies
An image forming apparatus includes a sensor, a notification unit, and a controller. The sensor detects a supply-end condition of consumable supplies. The notification unit notifies a message based on the supply-end condition detected by the sensor, and provides an operation key used for setting a condition for the image forming apparatus. The notification unit includes a print-stop setting and a print-continue setting, settable for a consumable supply and used when a printing operation is suspended due to an occurrence of the supply-end condition. The controller suspends the printing operation based on the print-stop setting and continues the suspended printing operation based on the print-continue setting.
US07831155B2 Optical transmission device
The present invention provides an optical transmission device 100 capable of solving the problem of an unnecessary residual sideband components to thereby obtain a high-quality optical intensity-modulated signal in a case where an SSB optical modulation section 20 has wavelength dependence and a manufacturing error. In the optical transmission device 100, where the SSB optical modulation section 20 cannot evenly branch the intensity of the optical carrier into two routes of optical waveguide, the amplitude adjusting section 62 adjusts the amplitude of an electric signal that changes the refractive index of the SSB optical modulation section 20 so that the unnecessary sideband component of the optical intensity-modulated signal outputted from the SSB optical modulation section 20 disappears.
US07831153B2 Optical WDM transmission system having a distributed arrangement of regenerators
A network node is provided for use in a WDM optical transmission system that includes a plurality of network nodes interconnected by communication links. The network node includes an optical switch having at least one input port for receiving from the transmission system a WDM signal having a plurality of wavelength components. The network node also includes a regenerator arrangement having sufficient regeneration capacity to regenerate a prescribed fraction of the plurality of wavelength components. The prescribed fraction is less than a maximum number of wavelength components that may be received by the node. A network management element is provided so that the network node can for communicate with a network management center in the transmission system.
US07831150B2 Secure covert combat identification friend-or-foe (IFF) system for the dismounted soldier
A combat IFF system, for use in a combat exercise or on the battlefield, including a helmet-mounted passive IFF response unit and a weapon-mounted IFF interrogatory unit for each soldier. Infrared (IR) signals are employed for both challenge and response. The IR response signal is a very narrowly-targeted reflection of the relatively narrow IR transmit signal, thereby minimizing interception opportunities. The transmit and response signals are encoded in a transaction that cannot be compromised even when either or both signals are intercepted and decoded by the enemy. The combat IFF system includes biometric anti-spoofing features that prevent any use by an enemy in possession of captured units. Military radio-frequency (RF) spectrum is not required so there are no bandwidth limitations on simultaneous IFF transactions in the battlefield. A combat IFF transaction is completed in milliseconds.
US07831149B2 Optical transmission device
An optical transmission device capable of preventing deterioration in the transmission quality of a signal beam. A wavelength-multiplexed signal beam from a transmission path is split by a splitter, and the split signal beams are input to first and second optical paths, respectively. An add/drop unit for adding/dropping a wavelength-multiplexed signal beam is removably insertable in the second optical path. A switch outputs the wavelength-multiplexed signal beam, received from one of the first and second optical paths, to an optical amplifier. The optical amplifier amplifies the wavelength-multiplexed signal beam output from the switch and outputs the amplified signal beam to a subsequent circuit. A supervisory controller collects alarm information from the optical transmission device as well as from other optical transmission devices, and controls the switch in accordance with the collected alarm information such that the wavelength-multiplexed signal beam from the second optical path is input to the optical amplifier.
US07831147B2 Fiber and wire communication system
This invention provides a new architecture for a communication system between head-ends and end-users which expands bandwidth and reliability of the communication system. A mux-node receives communication signals from a head-end and forwards the received communication signals to one or more mini-fiber nodes. The connection to the head-end is via a small number of optical fibers and the connections to each of the mini-fiber nodes may be via one or more optical fibers that may provide full duplex communication. The head-end may communicate with the mux-node using digital or digital and analog signals. The mini-fiber nodes may combine the signals received from the head-end with loop-back signals used for local media access control prior to forwarding the signals to the end-users. Upstream data are received by the mini-fiber nodes and transmitted to the mux-node. The mux-node may route upstream communication signals received from the mini-fiber nodes as downstream signals to other mini-fiber nodes also connected to the mux-node without head-end interaction.
US07831144B2 Fast fault notifications of an optical network
A method and apparatus for fault notification in an optical network are described herein. In one embodiment, an exemplary process includes detecting at a node that at least a portion of a first unidirectional path of an optical circuit is down, where the first unidirectional path is originated from a first terminating node. In response to the detection, the node signals the first terminating node by removing at least a portion of light of a second unidirectional path in an opposite direction of the first unidirectional path of the optical circuit, to indicate a path between the node and the first terminating node is down. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.
US07831141B2 Mobile device with integrated photograph management system
A mobile device comprises a network communication system such as a wide area network mobile telephony system, a camera for capturing a digital photograph, and a photograph management application. The photograph management application receives the digital photograph, obtains an information record comprising information related to the digital photograph; and associates at least a portion of the information related to the digital photograph with the digital photograph. The information record may be obtained from local sources such as a contact directory or from a remote directory server.
US07831137B2 Image apparatus with selective image compensation
An image apparatus (10) for providing an adjusted image (474) of a scene (12) that includes an photo-emissive object (18) includes an apparatus frame (228), a capturing system (232), and a control system (236). The capturing system (232) captures a raw captured image (466) of the scene (12). The control system (236) identifies a captured photo-emissive object (418) in the raw captured image (466). Further, the control system (236) can perform a different level of image compensation on the captured photo-emissive object (418) than on other portions of the captured image (466). Stated in another fashion, the control system (236) can perform a first level of white balance correction on at a first region (482A) of the captured image (466) and can perform a second level of white balance correction on a second region (482B) of the captured image (466). With this design, the control system (236) can provide the adjusted image (474) having a more uniform and acceptable white balance correction.
US07831136B2 Opthalmic photography apparatus
An ocular fundus is photographed as an electronic image via photographic stops, and the image of the photographed ocular fundus is recorded in a recording apparatus. The photographic stops are selected by moving a movable stop unit. Alignment observation or monocular photography is performed when a center photographic stop is selected. Left and right images for stereoscopic viewing are acquired when left and right photographic stops are selected. The acquired ocular fundus images are recorded in association with the position of the photographic stop used when the images were acquired. Therefore, the left image can be displayed on the left side of the monitor and the right image can be displayed on the right side by referring to the information of the photographic stop position when the left and right images for stereoscopic viewing are displayed on the monitor. This makes reliable stereoscopic viewing of the ocular fundus possible.
US07831129B2 Capturing apparatus
According to one embodiment, a capturing apparatus includes a capturing unit configured to capture a moving image video, a storage unit configured to store the moving image video captured by the capturing unit, an operation unit configured to include a plurality of keys used to instruct playback of the moving image video stored in the storage unit, a skip playback unit configured to play back the moving image video while skipping the moving image video at predetermined time intervals every time a predetermined operation is made on the operation unit, and a playback control unit configured to switch the time intervals skipped by the skip playback unit based on the total playback time period of the moving image video.
US07831127B2 Combining video material and data
A method of combining data with other material comprises the step of repetitively distributing the data in the other material. The data is for example metadata associated with the other material. The other material may be one or more of video, audio and data material preferably in a defined file format e.g. MXF. The material and data from the file are preferably mapped to one of several signal interfaces such as SDI, SDTI and AES3, where the file metadata is repetitively distributed through the stream signal interface by one of several multiplexing methods.
US07831124B2 Photonic crystal optical device
An active area includes a photonic-crystal optical waveguide formed by periodically arranging a plurality of holes in a primary plane direction of an active-area core layer in an active-area growth portion. A passive area includes a passive optical waveguide formed in a passive-area growth portion. An effective refractive index of a growth structure of the active-area growth portion is larger than an effective refractive index of a growth structure of the passive-area growth portion, and an active layer has a gain at a zero group-velocity point positioned on a high-frequency side of a dispersion curve of the photonic-crystal optical waveguide.
US07831122B2 Optical control device and manufacturing method thereof
The purpose of present inventions is to provide an optical control device having a single-mode waveguide in the optical control device having the ridge waveguide, and to stably manufacture and provide the optical control device having the single-mode waveguide with high precision even when the substrate is a thin plate with the thickness of 10 μm or less. An optical control device having a substrate 1 formed with an optical waveguide, in which the substrate is a thin plate with a thickness of 10 μm or less, at least a portion of the optical waveguide is configured as a ridge waveguide 21, a trench 20 having a width of 10 μm or less is formed on both sides of at least portions of the ridge waveguide, and a taper waveguide section (area B) continuously changes a light propagation mode of the waveguide between a single-mode and a multi-mode by continuously changing the width or depth of the trench. Additionally, it is desirable that the taper waveguide section is disposed at least in one of a light input section and a light output section, and light propagating through the waveguide is in the single-mode in a section in which the taper waveguide section is disposed.
US07831118B2 Coarse wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system, and coarse wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission method
In a CWDM optical transmission system of the present invention, in place of an optical signal of at least one wave among a plurality of optical signals corresponding to a CWDM system, a DWDM light output from an additional light transmission unit of a DWDM system is given to a multiplexer via a variable optical attenuator, and multiplexed with the optical signals corresponding to CWDM, to be sent out to a transmission path. At this time, the total power of the DWDM light sent out to the transmission path, is attenuated by the variable optical attenuator, so as to be approximately equal to the power per one wavelength of the CWDM light. On an optical reception terminal, the light propagated through the transmission path is demultiplexed by a demultiplexer, and the DWDM light corresponding to the additional wavelengths is amplified by an optical amplifier and thereafter, received by an additional light reception unit. As a result, the addition of optical signals in the CWDM system can be realized at low-cost, while avoiding the reduction in transmission quality.
US07831116B2 Optical waveguide and optical printed circuit board having the same
An optical waveguide, an optical printed circuit board equipped with the optical waveguide, and methods of manufacturing the optical waveguide and the optical printed circuit board are disclosed. The optical waveguide can include: a first cladding layer; a core formed on the first cladding layer; an alignment pattern, having a predefined positional relationship to the core, formed on the first cladding layer; a target mark formed on the alignment pattern to indicate a position of the alignment pattern; and a second cladding layer formed on the first cladding layer to cover the core, the alignment pattern, and the target mark. In such an optical waveguide, circuit patterns, etc., formed over the second cladding layer may be precisely and efficiently aligned with the core.
US07831114B2 Tunable dispersion compensator with minimum differential group delay
In a method and system for providing dispersion compensation in an optical system, there is coupled into the optical system at least one pathway into which there is connected a tunable chirped fiber Bragg grating, each such grating providing a respective tunable amount of dispersion. At least one respective DGD element is connected into the respective pathway for each such grating. The set of all such respective DGD elements in a given pathway introduces a bias differential group delay DGD(bias) having an absolute value that, for at least one tuning value of the grating, is substantially equal to differential group delay introduced by the grating.
US07831110B2 Resolution converting method
The invention discloses a resolution converting method. Particularly, it discloses a resolution converting method having the steps of: inputting reference pixel data as pixel data which can be used for calculation of the pixel data of an interpolation pixel; and calculating the pixel data of the interpolation pixel by using a plurality of selected reference pixel data, wherein the selected plurality of reference pixel data include the reference pixel data which is selected in accordance with information corresponding to a position of the interpolation pixel in an area formed by mutually connecting positions of a plurality of adjacent pixels serving as a plurality of pixels adjacent to the interpolation pixel where the interpolation pixel is located.
US07831106B2 Laser scanning digital camera with simplified optics and potential for multiply scattered light imaging
A portable, lightweight digital imaging device uses a slit scanning arrangement to obtain an image of the eye, in particular the retina. The scanning arrangement reduces the amount of target area illuminated at a time, thereby reducing the amount of unwanted light scatter and providing a higher contrast image. A detection arrangement receives the light remitted from the retinal plane and produces an image. The device is operable under battery power and ambient light conditions, such as outdoor or room lighting. The device is noncontact and does not require that the pupil of the eye be dilated with drops. The device can be used by personnel who do not have specialized training in the eye, such as emergency personnel, pediatricians, general practitioners, or volunteer or otherwise unskilled screening personnel. Images can be viewed in the device or transmitted to a remote location. The device can also be used to provide images of the anterior segment of the eye, or other small structures. Visible wavelength light is not required to produce images of most important structures in the retina, thereby increasing the comfort and safety of the device. Flexible and moderate cost confocal and fluorescent imaging, multiply scattered light images, and image sharpening are further functionalities possible with the device.
US07831105B2 Method for determining the image quality of an optical imaging system
The invention is directed to a method for determining the image quality of an optical imaging system and to the use of the method according to the invention for determining the influence of samples on the amplitude distribution and phase front distribution of the illumination light, of which the amplitude distribution is known in particular. The invention comprises the following steps: adjusting the subassemblies relative to one another in such a way that it is possible to project images of a sample on the detection device; recording a plurality of images of the sample from different reference planes near the focus plane; improving the image quality by image processing, particularly to reduce noise, to compensate for local variations in sensitivity of the detection device, and to center the intensity centroids respectively on a predetermined location in the images; computational linking of the spatially resolved image information, of adjustment values and system variables relating to the optical imaging system, and of information concerning the sample with the aim of determining characteristic numbers that are characteristic of the wavefront deformation caused by the imaging system; and outputting the characteristic numbers and associating them with the imaging system for describing the image quality.
US07831102B2 Processing multiview video
Decoding a video signal comprises receiving a bitstream comprising the video signal encoded according to a first profile that represents a selection from a set of multiple profiles that includes at least one profile for a multiview video signal, and profile information that identifies the first profile. The profile information is extracted from the bitstream. The video signal is decoded according to the determined profile using illumination compensation between segments of pictures in respective views when the determined profile corresponds to a multiview video signal. Each of multiple views comprise multiple pictures segmented into multiple segments.
US07831096B2 Medical navigation system with tool and/or implant integration into fluoroscopic image projections and method of use
Certain embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for representing a tool or implant in an image. Certain embodiments provide a user interface system for displaying a representation of a tool or implant with respect to an image. The system includes a processor configured to establish a surface boundary for a region of interest depict in the image and configured to determine a position of the tool or implant with respect to the surface boundary, and a display configured to dynamically display the image and the representation to a user. The processor generates a representation of the tool or implant based on the position with respect to the surface boundary. A portion of the tool or implant inside the surface boundary is depicted in the representation with a degree of transparency compared to a portion of the tool or implant outside the surface boundary.
US07831091B2 Pattern matching system
A pattern matching system, comprising a receiver, a comparison block, a calculation block, an output block, a ratio reading block, and a controller, is provided. A likeness value indicates how much a first and second image accords to each other. The receiver receives first and second image signal corresponding to the first and second images as an area signal. The comparison block compares the signal levels of the area signals corresponding to the pattern areas at the relatively same location of the first and second images. The calculation block calculates the likeness value. The ratio reading block reads a amplification ratio by which the first and second image signals are amplified. The controller changes the type of the signal components of the area signal used for the comparison by the comparison block and the calculation of the likeness value by the calculation block.
US07831079B2 Segmentation of anatomic structures using navigation table
A method of constructing a navigation table relating a set of images representative of a region of interest in a subject to a reference system with reference positions indicating known anatomic landmarks of a reference subject comprising providing reference positions for two or more images identified with two or more anatomic landmarks indicative of the region of interest with reference positions of known anatomic landmarks corresponding to the identified anatomic landmarks, and determining reference positions for the remaining images by interpolation.
US07831078B2 System and method for statistical shape model based segmentation of intravascular ultrasound and optical coherence tomography images
A method for segmenting intravascular images includes acquiring a series of digitized images acquired from inside a vessel, each said image comprising a plurality of intensities corresponding to a 2-dimensional grid of pixels, providing a precomputed set of shapes for modeling contours of vessel wall boundaries, wherein a contour can be expressed as a sum of a mean shape and a inner product of shape modes and shape weights, initializing a boundary contour for one of said set of images, initializing said shape weights by projecting a contour into said shape modes, updating said shape weights from differential equations of said shape weights, and computing a contour by summing said mean shape and said inner product of shape modes and updated shape weights.
US07831077B2 Method and apparatus for generating an image using MRI and photography
A method for generating an image of a region of interest of a subject includes obtaining a set of magnetic resonance (MR) data for the region of interest. In addition, photographic data for at least one surface of the region of interest is obtained, for example, from a database or by using a camera for photographing the region of interest. An image is generated by using the set of MR data to generate a depiction of at least one structure of the region of interest and by using the photographic data to generate a depiction of at least one surface of the region of interest.
US07831076B2 Coloring electroanatomical maps to indicate ultrasound data acquisition
During acquisition of ultrasound data in a medical imaging procedure, three-dimensional model of a structure being imaged, e.g., an electroanatomical map, is co-displayed and visually marked, to indicate progress of data acquisition. The plane of intersection successive two-dimensional images are marked on the as a line or colored region on the three-dimensional model. This display enables the operator to determine regions where sufficient data have been captured, and guides the operator to areas where additional data collection is still needed. Various color schemes are used to indicate the relative sufficiency of data collection.
US07831074B2 System and method for using a similarity function to perform appearance matching in image pairs
The present invention is directed to a method for populating a database with a set of images of an anatomical structure. The database is used to perform appearance matching in image pairs of the anatomical structure. A set of image pairs of anatomical structures is received, where each image pair is annotated with a plurality of location-sensitive regions that identify a particular aspect of the anatomical structure. Weak learners are iteratively selected and an image patch is identified. A boosting process is used to identify a strong classifier based on responses to the weak learners applied to the identified image patch for each image pair. The responses comprise a feature response and a location response associated with the image patch. Positive and negative image pairs are generated. The positive and negative image pairs are used to learn a similarity function. The learned similarity function and iteratively selected weak learners are stored in the database.
US07831067B2 Methods and apparatus for automated, multi-level red eye correction
Various methods and apparatus for multi-level red eye correction in a digital image are described. In an embodiment, a method receives an input that identifies an actual red eye in a digital image and a red eye candidate score associated with the actual red eye. The red eye candidate score of the actual red eye exceeds a detection threshold value. The method corrects the coloration of the actual red eye with a level of correction based on the red eye candidate score.
US07831065B2 Method for motion estimation
A method for motion estimation of sequences of images is proposed, wherein for consecutive frames (f1, f2) respective corresponding consecutive Fourier transformed frames (F1, F2) are determined, and wherein motion parameters for translation, rotation and/or for scaling are derived based on a phase relationship between said respective corresponding consecutive Fourier transformed frames (F1, F2), and in particular based on translational, rotational and/or scaling properties of the Fourier transforming process.
US07831061B1 Noninvasive polygraph technology based on optical analysis
A system and method for unobtrusively and noninvasively subjecting a living subject to tests for the purpose of determining whether that subject is truthful or is under stress, or both. A series of radiation pulses, preferably infrared laser pulses, is directed by a lidar transceiver toward the subject—which returns (e.g. reflects or scatters) the pulses back to the transceiver, which time-resolves that return to segregate and isolate phenomena at, within or in front of the subject's skin. The transceiver is connected to an information processing device capable of determining various physiological characteristics exhibited by the subject in these several regions, respectively. A display associated with the processor visually indicates these physiological characteristics.
US07831060B2 Method for protecting content of vector graphics formats
A method for protecting content of vector graphics formats is provided. A first vector graphics is scrambled to generate a second vector graphics. Then a plurality of pixel samplings are performed by the first vector graphics which generating at least a recovery information object according to a predetermined graphics. The predetermined graphics is watermarked to generate a watermark object. And the recovery information object is encoded and embedded in the watermark object to generate a recovery information watermark. Finally, the second vector graphics, the recovery information watermark, and the recovery code are combined to generate a protected first vector graphics.
US07831056B2 Hearing device without reference clock component
A hearing device, in particular a hearing aid, occupies a small volume and has high data transmission speeds for wireless transmission. In order to avoid using large volume frequency-stable components, for this purpose, an oscillator unit with a free-running oscillator is used instead. A receiver receives a synchronization signal cyclically. This is correlated to a reference signal in a correlator, such that the arrival time of the synchronization signal can be defined exactly. The free-running oscillator is then retuned correspondingly.
US07831053B2 System and method for matching microphones
This invention relates to a system (10) and method for matching one or more microphones. A first and second microphone (110, 210) communicates, respectively, a first and second microphone signal to an amplitude compensating means (16) adjusting amplitude of the first microphone signal in accordance with amplitude of the second microphone signal. The amplitude compensating means (16) communicates an adjusted first microphone signal (100) and the second microphone signal (200) to a phase matching means (18) comprising a correction filter means (113) receiving the adjusted first microphone signal (100). The correction filter means (113) comprises a low-pass filter means (111), which is controlled in accordance with a subtraction between the first microphone signal output (102) and the second microphone signal (200), and a high-pass filter means (112), which is controlled in accordance with a comparison between the first microphone signal output (102) and the second microphone signal (200).
US07831049B1 Enhanced encryption method and system for ultra secure applications
Techniques to bolster the security of an AlphaEta cryptosystem using spectral phase encoding. In one aspect, a spatial light modulator (SLM) is used to change the spectral code (spectral phase) of each optical bit in response to the output of an extended key generator based on a cryptographic algorithm. In other aspects, additional time and polarization modulations are used to maintain high security levels as well as good performance levels. Such methods are combined with traditional key generation methods such as key-distribution centers or one-way mathematical algorithms to bolster the security of traditional key generation as well.
US07831047B2 Digital identification of unique game characteristics
Various techniques are disclosed for authenticating a first gaming application adapted for deployment at a first gaming machine that is operable to receive a wager on a game of chance. A first gaming application signature is accessed. In at least one embodiment, the first gaming application signature is associated with a first portion of a first plurality of gaming objects that are associated with the first gaming application. A first certified gaming signature associated with the first gaming application may also be accessed. Authentication of the first gaming application may be performed. In at least one embodiment, the first gaming application may be authenticated, for example, by comparing at least one gaming application signature with at least one certified gaming signature. If it is determined that the first gaming application is not authentic, the first gaming application signature may be analyzed to identify at least one invalid gaming object.
US07831046B2 Method of managing the display of event specifications with conditional access
The object of the invention is a method of managing the display of event specifications with conditional access, particularly to display an electronic program guide for Pay-TV.This aim is reached by a method including the following steps: sending data forming an electronic program guide (EPG) to a decoder (STB), this electronic guide serving to display the events which will be broadcasted, these data including, for each event, at least one identifier, textual data and a condition block comprising the conditions required for the access to this event, sending at least one authorization message (EMM) to a security module (SC) associated with the decoder, this message defining access rights to an event; sending the condition block (PECM) to said security module (SC), processing, in the security module, the access condition contained in said condition block (PECM), and return by the security module of a message indicating, according to the access condition for each event and to the access rights contained in the security module, if the right exists or not for each event in the security module. This method allows the management of requests in structured language and makes it possible to manage complex access conditions.
US07831045B2 Security module revocation method used for securing broadcasted messages
The aim of the present invention is to propose a method to prevent the abusive use of conditional access data, in particular by means of clones of security modules whose security has been compromised.This aim is reached by a revocation method of security modules intended to receive security messages broadcasted to a plurality of security modules, said security modules comprising at least one personal key, this method comprising the steps, prior to revocation: division of the set of security modules into at least two groups, determination for each group of an asymmetrical key comprising a public key and a plurality of private keys, loading of one private key per security module, transmission of one security message per group, said message being encrypted by the public key of said group; revocation consisting in the following steps: sending to each member of the same group as the security module to be revoked, with the exception of the security module(s) to be revoked, of a new private key corresponding to the public key of another group, each private key being encrypted by the personal key of said security module.
US07831036B2 Method to reduce training time of an acoustic echo canceller in a full-duplex beamforming-based audio conferencing system
A method is set forth for reducing the total acoustic echo cancellation convergence time for all look directions in a microphone array based full-duplex system. The method is based on capturing the loudspeaker signal due to the first far-end speech bursts when the conferencing system is first used, as well as the corresponding loudspeaker feedback signals in the individual microphones. The captured signals are then used for consecutive adaptation of the acoustic echo canceller on all echo paths corresponding to all look directions of the beamformer, thereby training the AEC. This training process can be executed concurrently with normal phone operation, for example, as a background process that utilizes available processing cycles.
US07831030B2 Method and apparatus for automatic advance calling to contacts
A telecommunications device includes a telephony controller; a contacts controller, said contacts controller configured to maintain a plurality of contact telephone numbers for individual contacts; and an automatic advance calling controller operably coupled to said contacts controller and said telephony controller, the automatic advance calling controller configured to cause the telephony controller to automatically call ones of the plurality of contact telephone numbers for the particular contact in a predetermined order until the call is successfully completed to one of the plurality of telephone numbers or the list of telephone numbers is exhausted.
US07831025B1 Method and system for administering subjective listening test to remote users
A method and system for administering a subjective listening test to remote users. A user can participate in a subjective listening test, such as an MOS listening test, over a telephone call. The telephone call is received and audio recordings are sequentially played over the telephone call. Quality ratings corresponding to the audio recordings are input by the user over the telephone call. The user can input digits corresponding to the quality ratings. This allows a user to take part in a subjective listening test without traveling to a lab.
US07831017B2 Treatment planning simulation and verification system
A treatment planning, simulation, and verification system is described. According to one embodiment, a treatment plan and a fluoroscopy data image of a treatment volume are received and the treatment plan is automatically adjusted based on the movement of the fluoroscopy data image. According another embodiment, a system includes a treatment planning component to generate a treatment plan and a simulation component to simulate the execution of the treatment plan.
US07831011B2 Computed tomography method and system
An method of computed tomography is disclosed herein. The method includes acquiring an axial dataset and acquiring a helical dataset as part of an acquisition protocol. A computed tomography system is also disclosed.
US07831004B2 Synchronous detecting circuit
In a synchronous detection circuit, an interpolation circuit regulates an interpolation calculation coefficient based on phase shift information when carrying out interpolation calculation processing over a digitally converted received signal. A sampling circuit samples interpolation data using a recovered clock as a reference and two clocks having phases which are advanced and delayed with respect to the recovered clock. A phase shift detecting circuit monitors a phase shift using three sampling data output from the sampling circuit and outputting phase shift information to the interpolation circuit when detecting a predetermined phase shift. A demodulating circuit performs demodulation processing using the data subjected to the sampling with the recovered clock output from the sampling circuit. Where a synchronous shift is detected, the interpolation circuit performs regulation to match a timing having a maximum signal-to-noise ratio and the recovered clock based on the amount of the phase shift.
US07830990B2 Method for estimating and compensating frequency offset and frequency offset estimation module
A method for estimating frequency offset is provided. First, a baseband signal with a preamble featuring quasi-periodic property is received. Next, the quasi-periodic property of the preamble of the received baseband signal is reconstructed by interpolation. Next, a frequency offset angle is estimated by using the reconstructed baseband signal. The accuracy of estimating frequency offset is increased because of better reconstructed quasi-periodic property of the preamble.
US07830982B2 Common antenna array using baseband adaptive beamforming and digital IF conversion
An apparatus comprises a plurality of antenna elements, a plurality of digital signal processing devices for supplying phase-and-amplitude-weighted digital baseband signals, a beamforming processor for processing the weighted digital baseband signals to adaptively form a plurality of beam patterns for the antenna elements, a plurality of digital modulators for converting the digital baseband signals into intermediate frequency digital signals, and a modulator for modulating in-phase and quadrature components of the intermediate frequency digital signals to produce composite radio frequency output signals for the antenna elements. Receiving apparatus, and methods of transmitting and receiving a plurality of signals on a plurality of antenna elements are also provided.
US07830981B2 Method and system for minimizing power consumption in a communication system
A method and system for minimizing power consumption in a communication system is provided. The method may include adjusting the supply voltage of a linear amplifier, which may be used for amplifying a RF signal, in proportion to the envelope of the baseband of the RF signal. The signals may correspond to a variety of communication protocols. For example, WCDMA, HSDPA, HSUDPA, GSM, GPRS, EDGE, WiMAX, OFDM, UWB, ZigBee, and BlueTooth. The baseband signal may be delayed by a number of samples before being input into the amplifier. The envelope may be measured by evaluating a plurality of I and Q samples from the baseband signal. The number of samples may be calculated by measuring the intermodulation distortion at the output of the amplifier. The supply voltage may be generated by a switching regulator. The method may also include adjusting a bias voltage of the amplifier in proportion to the envelope of the baseband signal, where the bias voltage may control the gain of the amplifier. The bias voltage may also be generated by a switching regulator.
US07830980B2 System and method capable of implicit feedback for the devices with an unequal number of transmitter and receiver chains in a wireless local area network
An embodiment of the present invention provides a wireless station (STA) capable of implicit feedback in a wireless local area network, comprising at least one power amplifier, a plurality of antennas capable of being connected with said at least one power amplifier, and a switch capable of switching the connection between said plurality of antennas and said at least one power amplifier thereby enabling said wireless station to sound a complete channel matrix for an access point (AP) in communication with said wireless station (STA).
US07830977B2 Providing CQI feedback with common code rate to a transmitter station
Methods and apparatuses for providing CQI feedback with common code rate to a transmitter station are described herein. In one implementation, the methods may include a receiver station that is communicatively linked to a transmitter station via k spatial channels transmitting a first CQI to the transmitter station that indicates a modulation level for use by the transmitter station to transmit (i.e., to configure for transmission) a first of k streams of signals to be transmitted to the receiver station. The first CQI may further include a common code rate to be used by the transmitter station for transmitting the first of the k streams of signals as well as for transmitting the rest of the k−1 additional streams of signals to the receiver station. The receiver station may further transmit to the transmitter station k−1 additional CQIs to indicate to the transmitter station the k−1 modulation levels to be used by the transmitter station for transmitting the k−1 additional streams of signals to the receiver station.
US07830975B2 I/Q MIMO detection for single antenna interference cancellation
An I/Q MIMO detection framework is a practical means to realize interference cancellation (IC) gains when GMSK, 8PSK signals interfere with each other in synchronous GSM/EDGE networks, thereby providing coverage, capacity, and throughput gain. Further, the presented algorithm applies to a high data rate system concept, in which multiple signals are transmitted from the base station (BTS) through multiple antennas.
US07830974B2 Digital television transmitter/receiver and method of processing data in digital television transmitter/receiver
A digital television transmitter and a method of coding main and enhanced data in the digital television transmitter are disclosed. In the digital television transmitter, a byte-symbol converter converts main and enhanced data packets into symbols, wherein at least one of the enhanced data packets may include data place holders for known data symbols. A known data generator generates a known data symbol. A symbol processor processes a first symbol outputted from the byte-symbol converter. Herein, the symbol processor may post-decode a first bit of the known data symbol and output the post-decoded bit and an initialization data bit when the first symbol is a symbol representing one of the place holders. A trellis encoder has one or more memories for trellis-encoding a second symbol outputted from the symbol processor, wherein the memories are initialized when the initialization data bit is processed in the trellis encoder.
US07830964B2 Method and/or apparatus for parsing compressed video bitstreams
An apparatus including a parsing circuit and a control circuit. The parsing circuit may be configured to generate a plurality of decoded syntax elements in response to (i) a serial bitstream and (ii) a control signal. The control circuit may be configured to generate the control signal in response to the plurality of decoded syntax elements. The parsing circuit may generate the plurality of decoded syntax elements by grouping syntax elements for atomic decoding such that each (i) one or more consecutive syntax elements without context information relevant to the decoding and (ii) a non-zero syntax element presented at the end of each group.
US07830962B1 Monitoring remote patients
Integrated imaging and GPS network monitors remote object movement. Browser interface displays objects and detectors. Database stores object position movement. Cameras detect objects and generate image signal. Internet provides selectable connection between system controller and various cameras according to object positions.
US07830959B2 Apparatus and method for performing intra prediction for image decoder
Provided is an apparatus and method for performing intra prediction for an image decoder, in which by use of horizontal/vertical blocks adjacent to image data input from an external device, the intra prediction is performed in parallel with respect to 16×16 luminance component and 4×4 luminance component of the image data and then with respect to chrominance component, thereby maximizing efficiency of system to not only reduce execution time and hardware cost but also increase processing speed.
US07830957B2 Parallel bit interleaver for a wireless system
Systems and methods are provided to process wireless data packets. A method includes determining a subset of data bits to be processed at a wireless transmitter and employing a clock edge to store the data. The clock edge allows parallel mapping of at least two bits from the subset of data bits into an interleaver memory per a given clock edge. From the memory, other encoding and scrambling processes are applied before transmitting the data packets across a wireless network.
US07830954B2 Method and apparatus for I/Q imbalance compensation
Various embodiments are disclosed relating to a wireless transceiver. In an example embodiment, a method of compensating for phase imbalance and amplitude imbalance between corresponding in-phase signals and quadrature-phase signals includes providing a plurality of test tones of various frequencies to a receiver and determining, for each of the test tones, a respective phase imbalance and a respective amplitude imbalance between an in-phase (I) signal and a quadrature-phase (Q) signal of the test tone. The example method also includes determining a set of filter coefficients based on the determined phase and amplitude imbalances of the plurality of test tones and applying the set of filter coefficients to a plurality of filters. In the example method, a phase imbalance between an I signal and a Q signal of a received wireless signal is compensated for using a first filter of the plurality of filters. Further, an amplitude imbalance between the I and Q signals of the received wireless signal is compensated for using a second filter of the plurality of filters.
US07830948B2 Asynchronous communication system for remote monitoring of objects or an environment
A system provides for remote monitoring using asynchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) communication techniques between a base station and one or more transponders. Each transponder is attached or otherwise associated with an object or an environment to be monitored. Upon receipt of an interrogation signal, a transponder generates and transmits a coded transponder signal containing the monitored data. The coded transponder signal is generated using a spreading code. Each transponder is associated with a unique, mutually exclusive set of spreading codes. Each spreading code is based on a unique transponder address and the monitored data to be sent. A detector asynchronously monitors received signals for any of the available spreading codes. Once the detector detects a particular spreading code, the base station can identify the source transponder and extract the monitored data.
US07830943B2 Vertical cavity surface emitting laser and method of manufacturing two-dimensional photonic crystal of vertical cavity surface emitting laser
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser includes an active layer between a first reflector and a second reflector and at least either the first reflector or the second reflector includes a two-dimensional photonic crystal. The two-dimensional photonic crystal has a structure 106 showing an ununiform effective refractive index distribution in the plane of the reflector to realize both a high reflectivity and transverse mode control at the same time.
US07830941B2 Wavelength selective and tunable semiconductor laser device with coupled cavities
An array of optically coupled cavities (called micro-cavities) of a semiconductor laser are defined by either an etch and/or by a native oxide of an aluminum-bearing III-V semiconductor material and are arranged serially end-to-end along the longitudinal direction. An etch and/or native oxide defines a refractive index change for the longitudinal optical mode and confines the optical field within the micro-cavities, resulting in reflection and optical feedback distributed periodically along the laser stripe in the form of an optically coupled micro-cavity. The wavelength of emission of the laser is controlled by a combination of the length of the optical micro-cavities and the spacing between adjacent optical micro-cavities. Single-longitudinal-mode operation is exhibited over an extended drive current range. In one embodiment, two or more linear arrays of end-coupled micro-cavities are arranged in the longitudinal axis of the laser cavity to obtain a tunable laser. The device, with multiple reflectors constructed out of optical micro-cavities, is tuned either thermally or by current injection partitioned among the elements. The tunable laser exhibits a vernier tuning amongst resonances of the two or more optically-coupled micro-cavities.
US07830937B2 Surface emitting type optical semiconductor device
It makes possible to inject a current into the current confinement region substantially uniformly. A surface emitting type optical semiconductor device includes a semiconductor active layer provided above a substrate; a first and second reflecting mirror layers sandwiching the semiconductor active layer to form an optical cavity in a direction perpendicular to the substrate; a plurality of current confinement regions provided in the second reflecting mirror layer so as to be separated by an impurity region having impurities; a semiconductor current diffusion layer provided on the second reflecting mirror layer so as to cover the current confinement regions; and an electrode portion which injects a current into the semiconductor active layer. The electrode portion comprising a first electrode provided on the semiconductor current diffusion layer so as to surround the current confinement regions and a second electrode provided on an opposite side of the substrate from the semiconductor active layer.
US07830928B2 Quasi-phase matching and quantum control of high harmonic generation in waveguides using counterpropagating beams
All-optical quasi-phase matching (QPM) uses a train of counterpropagating pulses to enhance high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in a hollow waveguide. A pump pulse enters one end of the waveguide, and causes HHG in the waveguide. The counterpropagation pulses enter the other end of the waveguide and interact with the pump pulses to cause QPM within the waveguide, enhancing the HHG.
US07830927B2 Bragg grating reflection strength control
A tunable laser comprises a gain section and two or more reflectors. At least one of the reflectors is a Bragg grating comprising a reduced strength section comprising a base order periodic pattern of marks and spaces from at which at least some of the marks or spaces are missing. This enables the reflective strength of the grating to be controlled relative to the other reflector. The Bragg grating may be a phase change grating with individual sections being reduced in strength by line removal.
US07830924B2 Stuffing and destuffing operations when mapping low-order client signals into high-order transmission frames
A unit timing signal synchronized with a high-order transmission frame is used for measuring a difference between the number of data pieces of a client signal mapped to the high-frequency frame and the number of data pieces of the output client signal by integrating the difference therebetween for each unit timing signal. Then stuffing and de-stuffing operations are performed so that a integration result is zero.
US07830920B2 System and method for enhancing audio quality for IP based systems using an AMR payload format
A method of enhancing audio quality for Internet protocol (IP) based systems using an adaptive multi-rate (AMR) payload format is presented. If a network buffer indicative of network congestion exceeds its threshold a determination is made whether to place a NO DATA frame into the current RTP packet instead of the AMR frame. If network conditions are too congested then a NO DATA frame is placed into the current RTP packet. The process is repeated for each incoming AMR frame. The process first ensures that the AMR coding rate is set to its lowest possible coding rate prior to substituting a AMR frame with a NO DATA frame. The substitution pattern is spread over the entire RTP packet to avoid clusters of NO DATA frames. The process can also single out AMR frames of lower energy value that would be good candidates for substitution.
US07830919B1 Method and system for processing network data packets
A method for processing IP datagrams using an outbound processing state machine, in an outbound processor, wherein the IP datagrams are generated by a host system is provided. The method includes, creating an IOCB with plural host memory addresses that define host data to be sent and a host memory address of a network control block (“NCB”) used to build network protocol headers, wherein the host sends the IOCB to the outbound processor. The outbound processor reads the NCB from host memory and creates an IP and MAC level protocol header(s) for a data packet(s) used to send the IP data. If a datagram fits into an IP packet, the outbound processor builds headers to send the datagram and then uses the plural host memory addresses defining the host data to read the data from the host, places the data into the packet and sends the packet.
US07830918B2 Method of network communication, and node and system employing the same
A method of network communication includes employing a communication network protocol stack with a plurality of independent communication layers providing a plurality of different corresponding services. A plurality of circular communication buffers are employed. A buffer manager is employed for the circular communication buffers, the buffer manager being independent of the independent communication layers. One of the circular communication buffers is requested from the buffer manager by one of the independent communication layers. A plurality of different operations are provided in the buffer manager to read first data from or write second data to such one of the circular communication buffers for a number of the independent communication layers.
US07830917B2 Radio integrated circuit sending acknowledgement data based on judgement of frame pending
A radio LSI is provided that is not to cause a delay in sending acknowledgement data. A latch circuit provided in a sending/receiving section latches frame control information out of data being received. A decoder decodes the frame control information to decode a data length and structure of an address field. Furthermore, a latch circuit latches the address-field data of the reception data according to the decoded address-field information. A comparing circuit compares a content of a register entered with an address of the opposite-of-communication completely prepared data to be sent, with a source address of the data being received, to determine a setting/resetting of frame pending in acknowledgement data. A content of the determination is sent to a data-link section. This provides information required for acknowledgement data before completely receiving data, thus eliminating the possibility to cause a delay in sending acknowledgement data.
US07830916B2 Cyclic bandwidth allocation method with HARQ enabled
A method is described which includes allocating transmission resources for transmitting data packets. The allocation of transmission resources includes a periodic allocation of the transmission resources that is applicable to a plurality of frames. The allocation of transmission resources includes an allocation of transmission resources for a first transmission of each HARQ process during the plurality of frames. The method includes receiving an indication of an allocation of transmission resources for data packets in a plurality of frames. Receiving and/or transmitting packets during the plurality of frames using the allocation of transmission resources is also included in the method. The frames in the plurality of frames may include a compressed MAC header. Apparatus and computer programs are also described.
US07830914B1 Technique for delivering and enforcing network quality of service to multiple outstations
A technique for delivering and enforcing network quality of service from a head-end to a plurality of outstations is disclosed. In one embodiment, the technique is realized by assigning a transmit duration for each one of the plurality of outstations by the head-end; and assigning a transmit frequency for each one of the plurality of outstations by the head-end; wherein bandwidth for each one of the plurality of outstations is adjusted dynamically at the head-end. In addition, a control message may be received from an outstation indicating extra capacity at the outstation where the extra capacity may be allocated for one or more of burst capacity and best effort traffic.
US07830909B2 Transparent sub-wavelength network
An arrangement that allows transmission of client signals with higher clock fidelity is achieved by developing a phase offset measure at an ingress node, communicating it to the egress node, and recovering the client's clock from the received data and from the received phase-offset information. The ability to recover the client's clock with high fidelity is enhanced by adaptive pointer processing in intermediate nodes and the egress node of the network that the client's signal traverses. The adaptive pointer processing filters incoming pointers from upstream nodes and injects new positive and negative pointer justifications in excess of what is minimally necessary to allow them to be filtered by successive nodes and insure proper transmission over a network that employs a protocol involving framing layer frames embedded in communication layer frames. Illustratively, the network protocol is an extended ITU Recommendation G.709 Digital Wrapper protocol, arranged to employ frames of 15240 columns by four rows.
US07830903B2 Method and apparatus for scheduling packets and/or cells
A system and method of switching data using a switch device that includes a plurality of input ports, a plurality of switch units, and a plurality of output ports. Each input port storing data to be sent may generate a request to output data to each of the output ports to which stored data is to be sent, wherein each request identifies a specific one of the plurality of switch units to be used to transfer the data from the corresponding input port to the corresponding output port. Grants may be generated per output port per switch unit. Grants may be accepted per input port per switch unit. Data may be outputted from the respective input ports to the respective output ports, based on the accepted grants, utilizing the switch units identified in the requests corresponding to the accepted grants.
US07830898B2 Method and apparatus for inter-layer binding inspection
A method for inspecting packets is disclosed. The method includes processing a packet by determining if the packet is an inter-layer binding protocol packet and inspecting the packet, if the packet is an inter-layer binding protocol packet. The inter-layer binding protocol packet indicating a binding between a first network layer address and a second network layer address.
US07830895B2 Packet communication apparatus with function enhancement module
A packet communication apparatus comprising a node management processor for controlling the whole apparatus, network interfaces for transmitting and receiving packets to and from external networks, function enhancement modules for performing predetermined processes on the packets, and a switch for transferring the packets within the apparatus. The network interface includes a CPU and a memory, the memory stores a program executed by the CPU, the CPU processes the packet received from the external networks by executing the program, and the function enhancement module stores the program stored in the memory.
US07830893B2 Real time segmentation and reassembly of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) adaptation layer two (AAL2) and AAL5 data
A system for reassembling asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) data in real time is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system for reassembling ATM data in real time comprises a circular buffer for storing ATM data, the ATM data comprising information divided into cells, and a plurality of parallel processing elements configured to analyze the ATM cells and determine a cell type, wherein ATM adaptation layer (AAL) 2 cells and AAL 5 cells are reassembled in real-time.
US07830886B2 Router and SIP server
A boundary node router determines whether a received packet includes a SIP message and a REGISTER message, and, if so, adds its router identifier to a REGISTER message which includes a user identifier and a user terminal identifier, sent from a user terminal, and sends the message to a SIP server. The SIP server has a user management table which stores the user terminal identifier, the router identifier of a router which serves the user terminal, and a predetermined Quality of Service type, in association with each user identifier. The SIP server extracts a user identifier, a user terminal identifier, and a router identifier from a received REGISTER message, and updates the user terminal identifier and the router identifier corresponding to the extracted user identifier, to the extracted user terminal identifier and the extracted router identifier.
US07830882B2 Switch scaling for virtualized network interface controllers
A system bus may be used as an inter-switch communications link to transfer packets between virtualized interfaces on different virtualized network interface controllers that are accessible by a plurality of virtual machines. The inter-switch communications link may also be used for advanced power management through the use of intelligent packet redirection when virtualized interfaces are lightly utilized.
US07830880B2 Selective build fabric (BF) and reconfigure fabric (RCF) flooding
In one embodiment, detecting an initialization of a synchronization phase of a network device in a fiber channel fabric, performing synchronization phase optimization of the network device to select a predetermined number of interfaces, and transmitting a synchronization request on the predetermined number of interfaces, are provided.
US07830876B2 Logical addresses
A method and apparatus for processing message is described. In one embodiment, a channel layer is configured to form a logical address upon a creation of a channel of a group communication protocol, to store an association of the logical address with a message received with a sender's address in a cache of a member of the group, and to dissolve the logical address when the channel is to be closed or disconnected.
US07830875B2 Autonegotiation over an interface for which no autonegotiation standard exists
A method for enabling autonegotiation over an interface for which no autonegotiation standard exists comprises establishing network communication between a first network device and a second network device over a communication link. The first network device includes a first media access controller (MAC) associated with a communication port coupled to the communication link and a second MAC positioned between the first MAC and the communication port, and the second MAC operates as a proxy MAC for the first MAC. The first MAC outputs an outbound data communication to the communication port at a first communication rate. The proxy MAC intercepts the outbound data communication. The proxy MAC then outputs the outbound data communication to the communication port at a second communication rate different from the first communication rate.
US07830873B1 Implementation of distributed traffic rate limiters
A method of processing packets and a network device are disclosed. Packets are received from separate ingress processing pipelines during a processing cycle. Control information for each packet is retrieved from one or more databases serving each pipeline and used to perform operations representative of different processing outcomes. Results of the operations are selected and used to update the databases, in some cases, based upon whether a relationship is detected between the packets.
US07830867B2 Methods and apparatus to authorize and allocate resources for outdial communication services
Methods and apparatus to authorize and allocate resources for outdial communication services are disclosed. An example disclosed method comprises determining a first local access transport area (LATA) useable to route an outdial call initiated by a message center, identifying a first set of unified sub-groups within the first LATA having a first sub-group type and having unused capacity, each unified sub-group comprising a logical grouping of communication resources partitioned among at least one of a plurality of features or a plurality of subscriber categories, determining whether any of the unified sub-groups in the first set meets a first selection preference, and if any of the unified sub-groups in the first set meets the first selection preference, selecting a first unified sub-group having a lowest current load from the unified sub-groups in the first set meeting the first selection preference to route the outdial call.
US07830860B2 Packet data network voice call quality monitoring
The quality of service existing in a data packet network during the course of communication of a voice call through a data network, such as the Internet, is monitored. A minimum acceptable level of service may be predefined with a threshold quality level stored in the user's Call Processing Record (CPR) in the AIN Integrated Services Control Point (ISCP). If the monitored quality is maintained in excess of the stored threshold, communication of the call continues through the established course of transmission. If the measured quality of service on the data network is not satisfactory, the routing of the call is changed to communication solely through a voice telephone network connection, which may include an Interexchange Carrier link, without terminating the call. The packet data network is thereby bypassed to obtain voice grade quality while maintaining the call.
US07830858B2 Local area network of serial intelligent cells
A serial intelligent cell (SIC) and a connection topology for local area networks using Electrically-conducting media. A local area network can be configured from a plurality of SIC's interconnected so that all communications between two adjacent SIC's is both point-to-point and bidirectional. Each SIC can be connected to one or more other SIC's to allow redundant communication paths. Communications in different areas of a SIC network are independent of one another, so that, unlike current bus topology and star topology, there is no fundamental limit on the size or extent of a SIC network. Each SIC can optionally be connected to one or more data terminals, computers, telephones, sensors, actuators, etc., to facilitate interconnectivity among such devices. Networks according to the present invention can be configured for a variety of applications, including a local telephone system, remote computer bus extender, multiplexers, PABX/PBX functionality, security systems, and local broadcasting services. The network can use dedicated wiring, as well as existing wiring as the in-house telephone or electrical wiring.
US07830849B2 Wireless communication print server
An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless communication print server 25 that makes a printer 20 connected the wireless communication print server 25 unavailable if a parameter 50 is in the initial state. When the wireless communication print server 25 receives a print request, determines whether or not the parameter 50 is in the initial state, and then rejects the print request if the parameter 50 is in the initial state. If the parameter 50 that has been changed by a change unit 60 is not in the initial state, the wireless communication print server makes the printer 20 connected with the wireless communication print server 25 available.
US07830847B1 Multi-carrier capacity increase in low-cost internet base station (LCIB) systems by logical grouping of base stations
Methods and systems are provided for multi-carrier capacity increase in low-cost Internet base station (LCIB) systems by logical grouping of base stations. In an embodiment, an LCIB controller determines that a set of multiple LCIBs should be logically grouped, and selects operational parameters for each LCIB in the set. The LCIB controller designates one LCIB as a primary LCIB, thereby designating the others as secondary LCIBs. The controller configures the primary LCIB to broadcast a pilot beacon that includes at least some of the operational parameters selected for each LCIB, and to operate using the parameters selected for the primary LCIB. The controller also configures each secondary LCIB to not broadcast a pilot beacon, and to operate using the parameters selected for the respective secondary LCIB.
US07830846B2 Method and system for providing flow direction in a network
Method and system for providing flow direction in a network. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for providing network connections. The method includes providing a first host. The first host includes a plurality of interfaces. The plurality of interfaces includes at least a first interface and a second interface. The first interface is associated with at least a first application. The second interface is associated with at least a second application. The method also includes storing a plurality of records at a server. The plurality of records is associated with the first host. The plurality of records includes a first record and a second record. The first record includes at least information associated with a name of the first host, the first interface, the first application, a first address of the first interface.
US07830832B2 Distributed voting system and method for land mobile radio system
A distributed Internet Protocol (IP) voting system and method for use in Land Mobile Radio (LMR) Systems having a central send-and-receive site and one or more receive-only sites. In the distributed voting system, receive-only sites are directly linked to the control point using a network and associated packet transmission protocol. This may be a high-speed asynchronous data link such as a standard IP network link. Each remote site receiving digital data, calculates a bit error for that data. This error calculation is incorporated into the data header information. The data header information and data are placed in an IP packet and transmitted as a User Data Protocol (UDP) message to the control point. The control point selects the lowest bit rate data message, or the first control message, and retransmits it using a standard radio air interface protocol, such as the APCO Project 25 air interface protocol.
US07830829B2 FDD/CDMA transmission/reception system
An FDD/CDMA transmission/reception system includes a CDMA transmitter and a CDMA receiver. The CDMA transmitter includes a plurality of transmission antennas, signal transmission units for transmitting transmission signals weighted by different values to the respective transmission antennas, and pilot signal transmission units for transmitting a plurality of different pilot signals to the respective transmission antennas. The CDMA receiver includes a reception unit for obtaining one received signal from the transmission signals from the plurality of transmission antennas of the CDMA transmitter in consideration of reception quality, and a unit for transmitting antenna control signals corresponding to reception power values of the received pilot signals to the CDMA transmitter.
US07830828B2 Communication apparatus, communication system and communication method
A communication apparatus wherein the function arrangement of each device is revised, thereby preventing an increase in traffic of a public network and further suppressing an increase in communication cost of the public network. In this apparatus, a control part (101), when notified of a duplication of MBMS data by RNC-c, controls a PDCP part (102), an RLC part (103) and a MAC-d part (104) so as to perform an MBMS data duplication process. The control part (101), when notified of an establishment of a communication line with a node (B), controls the PDCP part (102), RLC part (103) and MAC-d part (104) so as to establish the communication line with the node (B). The RLC part (103) duplicates, based on the control by the control part (101), the MBMS data received from the PDCP part (102). The MAC-d part (104) transmits the MBMS data as MAC processed to the node (B) via a local network between an RNC-u (100) and the node (B).
US07830823B2 SIP telephone feature control
A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) enabled device sends feature information about remotely configurable features that are offered by the SIP enabled device to a central server. The central server uses the feature information to determine if the features that are offered by the SIP enabled device are compatible with features that are offered by the central server. The central server remotely configures the features that are offered by the SIP enabled device to ensure interoperability with the features that are offered by the central server. The SIP enabled device notifies the central server if a feature button associated with a feature, which has been disabled by the central server, has been pressed by a user of the SIP enabled device. The central server seamlessly provides a comparable feature to the user, including the setting of a Light Emitting Diode, which is associated with the feature button, to an appropriate state.
US07830819B2 Transmission characteristics analyzing device and program
A transmission characteristics analyzing device includes a transmission characteristics calculating unit for determining a direction in which a signal flows in each component of a communication network on the basis of a transmitting point and a receiving point of the signal, which are specified in the communication network, and for calculating the transmission characteristics of the communication network in consideration of the direction of the signal.
US07830818B2 Reception quality measurement method, transmission power control method and devices thereof
A mobile station that receives F-DCPH symbols and CPICH symbols from a base station: (1) averages a plurality of CPICH symbols in a time sequence before a certain time of interest and estimates a channel, then uses the obtained channel estimation value and the CPICH symbol at the time of interest to calculate an interference power ISCP; (2) averages a plurality of CPICH symbols in a time sequence that include the CPICH symbol at the time of interest and estimates a channel, then uses the obtained channel estimation value and the CPICH symbol at that time of interest to calculate a reference ISCP; (3) corrects an interference power ISCP at the next time of interest using the difference between the ISCP and the reference ISCP; and (4) uses the ISCP that is obtained by the correction and a reception power RSCP of the F-DCPH symbol to calculate a signal to interference power ratio SIR of the mobile station.
US07830810B2 Dynamic DSCP availability request method
A communications interface between an end-user and an edge node of a communication network for establishing, prior to data transmission, the differentiated service code points supported by the network. The end-user first issues a service request message (42) to an edge node of the communication network. The edge node responds with an acknowledgment message (44) carrying information as to which DSCP's the network is able to support. Finally, the application at the end-user can decide how to mark the relevant packets during data transmission depending on the levels of differentiated service supported by the network.
US07830807B2 Fault isolation system and method
A fault isolation system and method. A hierarchical numbering system is applied to devices within a subscriber network. The number system comprises a continuously concatenated string that provides a relative location of each active device with a subscriber network. The numbering system provides “genealogical” information about network devices and their location with the network and facilitates the correlation of non-responsive CPE data with faults in network devices.
US07830805B2 Sensor emulation using mote networks
A method may include and/or involve collecting readings from a number of mote sensors of a mote network, the mote sensors at a number of mote sensor locations, and emulating, as a source or sources of the readings, a number of sensors at a number of sensor locations.
US07830796B2 Method and apparatus for traffic shaping
A method and apparatus for a traffic shaper that uses a traffic shaping algorithm based on a sustained rate token bucket and a constant rate emitter. The sustained rate token bucket uses a plurality of tokens based on the sustained rate and the sustained burst size. The constant rate emitter allows transmission of traffic at an adjusted transmission rate, where the adjusted transmission rate is derived from the peak rate, peak burst size, sustained rate and sustained burst size.
US07830795B2 Method and apparatus for a self-correcting bandwidth request/grant protocol in a wireless communication system
A self-correcting bandwidth request/grant protocol in a broadband wireless communication system. The protocol uses a combination of incremental and aggregate bandwidth requests. Stations primarily transmit incremental bandwidth requests to their associated base stations, followed by periodic transmissions of aggregate bandwidth requests. Risks are reduced that a base station erroneously issues duplicate bandwidth allocations to the same station for the same connection. Race conditions that may have occurred using only aggregate bandwidth requests are eliminated. Use of periodic aggregate bandwidth requests that express the current state of respective connection queues provides a “self-correcting” property.
US07830790B2 Method for selecting packets in a data transmission network
A method for selection by a downstream device of data packets of connections of a network transmitted by at least one upstream device according to a predetermined threshold for quantities of data transmitted by the connections includes: for each connection, initialization by each upstream device of a counter for packets transmitted according to a set of predetermined initial values, with the difference between two initial consecutive values greater than the threshold, then incrementation by a predetermined value for each transmitted packet, defining the current counting value of the packet; reception by the downstream device of each IP packet of each connection, and comparison of the threshold with the difference between the current counting value and the initial value immediately lower than the set of initial values, enabling selection of packets for connections that have transmitted less data than the threshold, compared to packets for connections that have transmitted more.
US07830787B1 Flooding control for multicast distribution tunnel
A multicast transmission scheme is introduced. A multicast data stream is sent on a default tunnel and switched to a data tunnel during flooding conditions. The default tunnel is a point-to-multipoint tunnel from, for example, a source provider edge router to all other provider edge routers in a virtual private network. The data tunnel is a point-to-multipoint tunnel from, for example, a source provider edge router to other provider edge routers that have recipients. Flooding conditions can occur when sending the multicast data stream on the default tunnel, for example, when a specified bandwidth threshold has been exceeded on a source provider edge router. Additionally, the data tunnel is created by selecting a multicast distribution tunnel group from a configured pool of addresses, advertising the group, receiving data joins from, for example, provider edge routers with recipients, and waiting a specified send time.
US07830786B2 Rapid alternate paths for network destinations
Network traffic is sent via alternate paths in cases of network link or node failure. An alternate node responds to U-Turn traffic from a primary neighbor to select a further alternate. An algorithm for determining the alternate paths is provided to select loop-free neighbors.
US07830781B2 Waveform for virtually simultaneous transmission and multiple receptions system and method
A radio is disclosed. The radio system includes radio system nodes that are configured with a transceiver to transmit and receive information over more than one frequency. Each radio system node also includes a processor, the processor being any of a variety of processing elements, including but not limited to general purpose processors, coders, decoders, and the like. The processor is configured to gather a block of information and configured to format the block of information into a plurality of sub blocks. Each sub block of information includes message synchronization information. The sub blocks are dispersed in time and over the more than one frequency and substantially simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple transmissions in the same frequency band is enabled.
US07830779B2 Method of recording information, equipment thereof and information recording medium
Because conditions for recording identification data of a medium vary in accordance with the structure of different media, such as a single-layer or a multiple-layer structure, stable data recording has been a difficult task. To solve this problem, an incident side of the laser beam for recording identification data on a single-layer optical disk 5 and a double-layer optical disk 6 is the opposite side of a substrate 1 upon which user data is recorded. From this structure, even in a double-layer optical disk 6, the recording is not affected by the recording layer of a second layer 12b and the like. Therefore, in the double-layer optical disk 6, identification data of the medium can be recorded under the same conditions as the single-layer optical disk 5.
US07830774B2 Optical pickup lens
An optical pickup lens for focusing a light beam from a laser light source on an optical information recording medium is a single lens. The optical pickup lens has two surfaces, and a surface R2 opposite to a surface R1 closer to the laser light source has a continuous shape. When the surface R2 has radii h1, h2 and h3 (h1Δsag1>Δsag2 and Δsag2<Δsag3 are satisfied.
US07830773B2 Optical pickup for recording and reproducing information with a plurality of types of optical information recording mediums
An optical pickup device in which a hologram element has a plurality of different diffraction directions. In the tracking standard state, the hologram element is divided into six areas by a straight line connecting two strength center points of two light beams, and by two straight lines that are perpendicular to the straight line. By adding the amount of light received by an area demarcated by two straight lines that pass the two strength center points, to the amount of light received by one of two outer areas sandwiching the area depending on the type of the light beam, it is possible to obtain a well-balanced tracking error signal for each of the two light beams.
US07830768B2 High-density read-only optical disc, and optical disc apparatus and method using the same
A high-density read-only optical disc, and an optical disc apparatus and method using the same. The apparatus and method record data on a lead-in area of a high-density read-only optical disc such as a BD-ROM (Blu-ray disc ROM (Read Only Memory)) in the form of pre-pit strings associated with an HFM (High-Frequency Modulated) groove applied to a BD-RW (Blu-ray Disc Rewritable). Moreover, the apparatus and method continuously apply the same tracking servo operation to an entire area of the same high-density read-only optical disc or rewritable optical disc. Therefore, the apparatus and method can simplify an algorithm for controlling a plurality of tracking servo operations, and avoid an increased size of the optical disc apparatus.
US07830767B2 Recording medium, and method and apparatus for recording/reproducing data in/from the recording medium
A recording medium, and a method and apparatus for recording/reproducing data in/from the recording medium are disclosed. The recording medium includes one or more recording layers, and a management area including management information, wherein the management information includes specific information indicating a presence of different format and type of recording layer in the recording medium. The management area is located at a specific recording layer. The format represents a different category in a recording layer and the type is classified by read-only or writable in a recording layer.
US07830766B2 Data reproduction method and apparatus, disk, and recording/reproduction apparatus, using PRML method
A data reproduction apparatus for reproducing recorded data from an optical disk by using a PRML detection method is disclosed that includes an optical head including a light source, an optical system having an objective lens for condensing light emitted from the light source to the optical disk, and a photodetector for receiving light reflected from the optical disk, a signal generation circuit for generating an RF signal from a signal output from the photodetector, a phase correction circuit for correcting phase distortion of the RF signal when the recorded data are recorded in recording marks arranged with a pitch less than a diffraction limit, a clock extraction circuit for extracting a clock from the corrected RF signal, and a decoding circuit for decoding the recorded data from the RF signal in synchronization with the clock extracted by the clock extraction circuit.
US07830760B2 Recorder and method for recording information on a write once recording medium
The continuous update of the Recorded Area Indicator on a DVD+R disc leads to a loss in performance of the recorder. If the update is not continuous, the Recorded Area Indicator on the disc may not accurately reflect the status. In order to ensure that the Recorded Area Indicator accurately reflects the status but avoids loss of performance, the update of the Recorded Area Indicator is performed when a close track session command is issued to the drive signaling the end of the recording, regardless of whether the track or session on the disc remains open. During the recording the Recorded Area Indicator is kept and updated in the memory of the recorder.
US07830757B2 Tracking control method for reading/writing optical disk
In a tracking control method for use in an optical disk drive to read/write an optical disk, an open-loop tracking control operation of the optical disk drive is first performed according to an input tracking error signal and a predetermined periodical offset to generate a dynamic offset. Afterwards, a closed-loop tracking control operation of the optical disk drive is performed according to the input tracking error signal calibrated with the dynamic offset.
US07830756B2 Demodulation of tracking error signal to obtain lens position for lens motion control in an optical disc system
A method for demodulating a tracking error signal comprising the steps of (A) demodulating the tracking error signal when starting motion, (B) demodulating the tracking error signal after motion has started, and (C) demodulating the tracking error signal before and after lens motion stops.
US07830754B2 Optical disc drive capable of playing fast rolling music using first and second buffers
A method for playing a fast rolling music disc is provided. A music disc is read at an accelerated rate and played at a standard rate by discretely buffering data blocks into a ping pong buffer. Playing of a first data block stored in the first buffer, and buffering of a second data block into the second buffer are concurrently executed. When the playing of the first data block is concluded, the playing order of the first buffer and the second buffer are interchanged, and the concurrent playing and buffering step is repeated. Such that the second data block is played in the second buffer while a third data block is buffered into the first buffer. Discreteness between the second data block and the first data block is dependent on a skipping ratio, and the skipping ratio is dependent on the accelerated rate.
US07830753B2 Optical disc, optical disc drive, optical disc recording/reproducing method, and integrated circuit
In an optical disc, a track on which data is recordable is divided into a plurality of blocks, and each block includes L pieces of sub blocks. On each sub block, M-bit first digital information specifying a block address of a block including the each sub block and N-bit second digital information capable of representing a numerical value equal to or larger than L are recorded.
US07830752B2 Elapsed time device
An elapsed time and remaining time liquid crystal measuring device having a display face around the periphery of which there are a plurality of numerical indicia marks arranged in a generally clockwise pattern with successive numerical indicia marks decreasing in numerical value in a clockwise direction from a twelve o'clock position. An annular ring of electronically generated graphic indicia are visible on the display face and spaced inwardly from the peripheral numerical indicia and a digital numerical read-out display of elapsed times is visible internally of the annular ring of graphic indicia. There is at least one electronic control element for setting a desired elapsed set time into the device, which desired elapsed set time is indicated both on the digital read-out display and as a complete ring or an arcuate section of the annular ring on the display face. There is also an actuator for initiating progressive clockwise disappearing movement of the electronically generated graphic indicia so as to expose decreasing areas of the annular ring in a clockwise direction as time elapses and while the digital numerical display remains synchronized with the graphic indicia until all of the set time has elapsed. Preferably, the device is in the form of a wrist watch.
US07830740B2 Semiconductor memory device having selectable transfer modes
A semiconductor memory device includes a control circuit to control an access to a memory cell according to an input command, a transfer mode setting circuit to hold a transfer mode, an address pin input/output with an address in a first transfer mode and input/output with data in a second transfer mode and a switching circuit to switch a connection destination of the address.
US07830739B2 Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device of the invention comprises unit blocks into which the memory cell array is divided, rows of sense amplifiers arranged at one end and the other end of the plurality of bit lines in the unit block, switch means for switching a connection state between the unit block and the row of sense amplifiers attached to the unit block; and control means for controlling the switch means so as to form a transfer path from the row of sense amplifiers attached to a predetermined the unit block leading to the row of sense amplifiers as a saving destination not attached to the predetermined the unit block. This row of sense amplifiers attached to the predetermined the unit block functions as a cache memory.
US07830738B2 Semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device comprises. word lines; global bit lines intersecting with the word lines; local bit lines partitioned into N (N is an integer greater than or equal to two) sections along the global bit lines and aligned with a same pitch as the global bit lines; N memory cell arrays each including memory cells each having cylindrical capacitor structure formed at intersections of the word lines and the local bit lines and being arranged corresponding to the sections of the local bit lines; local sense amplifiers for amplifying a signal read out from a selected memory cell to the local bit line and for outputting the signal to the global bit line; and global sense amplifiers for coupling the signal transmitted from the local sense amplifier corresponding to the selected memory cell through the global bit line to an external data line.
US07830736B2 Semiconductor integrated circuit device and redundancy method thereof
A semiconductor integrated circuit device includes a first fuse circuit, a second fuse circuit, and a control signal generating circuit which sends a first control signal and executes program such that the resistance value of the first fuse circuit becomes greater than the resistance value of the second fuse circuit, and sends a second control signal and executes reprogram such that the resistance value of the second fuse circuit becomes greater than the resistance value of the first fuse circuit.
US07830731B2 Circuit for initializing a pipe latch unit in a semiconductor memory device
A semiconductor memory device includes a pipe latch unit having a plurality of pipe latches for latching data. An input controller controls input timing of data transmitted from data line to the pipe latch unit. An output controller controls output timing of data latched in the pipe latch unit. An initialization controller controls the input controller and the output controller to thereby initialize the pipe latch unit in response to a read/write flag signal which is activated during a write operation.
US07830728B2 Semiconductor memory device
Disclosed is a semiconductor memory device includes a selector for selectively loading read inversion information and write inversion information on an inversion bus, the inversion bus for transferring the inversion information loaded by the selector, a plurality of read inversion units for reflecting the inversion information from the inversion bus to output data, and a plurality of write inversion units for reflecting the inversion information from the inversion bus to input data.
US07830725B2 Page buffer and programming method of a non-volatile memory device
A page buffer includes a first ground voltage supply unit for applying a ground voltage to first and second registers according to a level of a sense node, and a second ground voltage supply unit for applying the ground voltage to the first and second registers irrespective of a level of the sense node. A method of programming a non-volatile memory device includes storing a high-level data in a first node of a first register of a plurality of page buffers, precharging a sense node with a high level, resetting the data stored in the first node of the first register according to a voltage level of the sense node, precharging the sense node with a high level, storing external data in the first node according to a voltage level of the sense node, and performing a program operation according to the data stored in the first node.
US07830721B2 Memory and reading method thereof
A reading method applied for a memory, which includes a cell row including a first memory cell coupled to a first bit line and a second memory cell coupled to a second bit line is provided. The reading method comprises the following steps. Firstly, the first bit line coupled to a first terminal of the first memory cell is selected for reading the first memory cell in a time period. Next, the second terminal of the first memory cell is discharged via the second bit line coupled to the second memory cell in the time period.
US07830717B2 Method for performing erasing operation in nonvolatile memory device
A method for performing erasing operation in a nonvolatile memory device includes the steps of applying an erasing voltage to P-wells of a selected memory cell block which is composed of a plurality of strings in each of which a plurality of memory cells and side memory cells are connected in series; performing soft programming operation by applying a soft programming voltage to word lines of the selected memory cell block; and programming the side memory cells by applying a programming voltage to the side memory cells.
US07830698B2 Multilevel nonvolatile memory device containing a carbon storage material and methods of making and using same
A nonvolatile memory cell includes a steering element located in series with a storage element. The storage element includes a carbon material and the memory cell includes a rewritable cell having multiple memory levels.
US07830695B1 Capacitive arrangement for qubit operations
A capacitive operation method for quantum computing is disclosed where providing a sequence of write pulses above a threshold voltage induces a single charge population, forming a quantum dot (Q-dot). Determining if the single charge population was induced in the Q-dot occurs by monitoring capacitance changes while the writing is performed. Q-bits (Q-dot pairs) are formed without requiring a separate transistor for each Q-dot by multiplexing the calibration. A device which is able to perform the above method is also disclosed. The device utilizes the ability of cryogenic capacitance bridge circuits to measure the capacitance change caused by the introduction of a single charge population to a Q-dot. The device also permits swapping of Q-dot and Q-bit pairs utilizing a signal multiplexed with the voltage pulses that write (e.g. change the charge population) to the Q-dots.
US07830692B2 Multi-chip memory device with stacked memory chips, method of stacking memory chips, and method of controlling operation of multi-chip package memory
A multi-chip memory device includes a transfer memory chip communicating input/output signals, a stacked plurality of memory chips each including a memory array having a designated bank, and a signal path extending upward from the transfer memory chip through the stack of memory chips to communicate input/output signals, wherein each bank of each memory chip in the stacked plurality of memory chips is commonly addressed to provide read data during a read operation and receive write data during a write operation, and vertically aligned within the stacked plurality of memory chips.
US07830690B2 Memory module thermal management
A method is disclosed for implementing a scheme to configure thermal management control for a memory device resident on a memory module for a computing platform. A method is also disclosed for implementing the configured thermal management control. In a run-time environment for a computing platform a temperature is obtained from a thermal sensor monitoring the memory module. The memory module is in a given memory module with thermal sensor configuration that includes the memory device. An approximation of a temperature for the memory device is made based on thermal information associated with the given configuration of the memory module and the obtained temperature. The configured thermal management control for the memory device is implemented based on the approximated temperature. Other implementations and examples are also described in this disclosure.
US07830686B2 Isolated high power bi-directional DC-DC converter
A bi-directional dc-dc converter is provided that may provide voltage conversion for two separate electrical power systems. The two electrical power systems may have different functions, electrical requirements and power transfer directions. The bi-directional dc-dc converter may include back-to-back bi-directional dc-dc converter circuits isolated from each other by a transformer. Multiple such dc-dc converters may be connected in parallel to increase power capability. Phase shift pulse width modulation (PWM) may be used to switch the parallel dc-dc converters so as to decrease both voltage ripple and current ripple. The number of dc-dc converters may be modified to meet the different needs of various electric power systems. A single bi-directional dc-dc converter of the invention may be employed to provide electric power conversion for multiple electric power systems, even where those systems have different power requirements and different power transfer directions.
US07830681B2 Modular multi-pulse transformer rectifier for use in asymmetric multi-level power converter
In one embodiment, the present invention includes a system having multiple modular transformers each including a phase-shifted primary winding coupled to an input power source and phase-shifted secondary windings each coupled to a power cell. The system further includes different phase output lines coupled to a load. These lines may include first, second and third phase output lines.
US07830680B2 Power unit
The invention makes it possible to secure a maximum output within the capacity range of an electrical power source by preventing an output from being cut by a protective function of a converter at the time of a temporary overload. A bidirectional DC-DC converter 4 for stepping up a voltage of DC power supplied from a battery 5 is provided. A stepped-up DC power is converted to an AC power by an inverter 3-2 via a regulator 3-1 and is outputted to the load side. An input voltage V1 of the regulator 3-1 is detected by a voltage detecting portion 15 and is inputted into an output limit determining portion 16. The output limit determining portion 16 determines an output voltage value for starting to limit an inverter output according to a distance from when the input voltage V1 fell below a limit starting voltage value Vlim to a limit voltage value Va. An inverter driving portion 17 limits an output by switching FETs in the inverter 3 in accordance with this output voltage value. When a temporary overload is eliminated, then the output recovers to a maximum value.
US07830679B2 Transmission system
A HVDC transmission system including at one end of a bipolar HVDC transmission line a converter station for connecting the transmission line to an AC system. The station has two converters and a DC neutral arrangement in common to the converters. The DC neutral arrangement has a separate electrode line connecting member connecting to electrode lines. The electrode lines are dimensioned to be able to at monopolar operation of the converter station transmit substantially full current to an electrode station through the remaining one or ones of the electrode lines at disconnection of an arbitrary of the electrode lines.
US07830674B2 Single-stage switching power supply
A single-stage switching power supply includes a transformer, a voltage level generation circuit, a first switching circuit, a second switching circuit, a rectifying and filtering circuit, a feedback circuit and a control circuit. The rectifying and filtering circuit is connected to the secondary winding assembly and the system circuit for generating an output voltage. The feedback circuit generates a feedback signal in response to the output voltage. In response to the feedback signal and an operating-status signal issued by the system circuit, the first and second switching circuits are alternately enabled under control of the control circuit such that electric energy of a first DC voltage is transmitted from the first primary winding assembly to the secondary winding assembly. The first switching circuit is disabled but the second switching circuit is enabled under control of the control circuit when the operating-status signal is at a standby operating status.
US07830671B2 Casing
The invention relates to the casings for portable communications devices. In particular the invention provides a casing formed from precious materials.
US07830667B2 Flexible wiring substrate and method for producing the same
Disclosed is a flexible wiring substrate which does not form anomalous deposition of tin-bismuth alloy plating, through prevention of exfoliation, during the process of plating with tin-bismuth alloy, of a solder resist layer. A method for producing the flexible wiring substrate is also disclosed.
US07830666B2 Manufacturing process for single-chip MMC/SD flash memory device with molded asymmetric circuit board
An MMC/SD core unit includes a PCBA in which all passive components and unpackaged IC chips are attached to a single side of a PCB opposite to the metal contacts. The IC chips include, for example, a controller chip and a flash memory chip, or a single-chip (combined controller/flash memory) chip. Multiple flash IC chips are optionally stacked to increase storage capacity. The IC chip(s) are attached to the PCB by wire bonding or other chip-on-board (COB) technique. The passive components are attached by conventional surface mount technology (SMT) techniques. A molded housing is then formed over the IC chips and passive components such that the device has a uniform thickness. The MMC/SD core unit is then inserted or otherwise mounted in an eternal casing to provide a finished MMC/SD device.
US07830653B2 Computer device fixing apparatus and computer case utilizing said apparatus
A computer device fixing apparatus includes: a main body part, having a containing part; an adjusting mechanism; and a connection mechanism, by which the main body part is connected with the adjusting mechanism revolvably; wherein the computer device fixing apparatus is for fixing a computer device of a first size when the adjusting mechanism is located in the containing part, and the computer device fixing apparatus is for fixing a computer device of a second size when the adjusting mechanism is not located in the containing part. The adjusting mechanism can be utilized to compensate for the height difference between two sizes of computer devices if the computer device of a first height has a larger height than the computer device of a second height, thereby two computer devices with different sizes can be fixed by the same computer device fixing apparatus.
US07830650B2 Externally connectable thin display
A display system includes a display chassis defining a display chassis housing. A display panel is located in the display chassis housing. A power supply module chassis defines a power supply module housing and is coupled to the display chassis outside of the display chassis housing. A power supply module is located in the power supply module housing and coupled to the display panel. Such display system architecture allows the display chassis to be much thinner than conventional externally connectable display chassis.
US07830647B2 Capacitor
The capacitor has a capacitor element, a tubular metallic case, an electrolyte, and a terminal plate. The case contains the capacitor element and is joined to a first electrode of the capacitor element at its inner bottom surface. The terminal plate is joined to the second electrode of the capacitor element and seals the opening of the case. At least one of the terminal plate and the case is provided with a through hole, into which a hermetic plug made of a rubber-like elastic body and having an external diameter larger than a diameter of the through hole is inserted.
US07830646B2 Multi electrode series connected arrangement supercapacitor
The present invention is an electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) series stack formed into a single electrolyte cell structure. The concatenated multiple electrode assembly stack has electrode assemblies electrically connected in series. The electrode assemblies have a double-sided activated carbon electrode formed on a current collector. Power tabs are connected to the end electrode assemblies. An electrolyte is also provided. A poly bag contains the electrolyte and the electrode assemblies. The electrode assemblies form a double-sided activated-carbon electrode on a current collector. The EDLC stack has a number of segments and mass free zones separating them. The segments are folded so that mass free zones are disposed at the apex of each fold.
US07830644B2 High dielectric capacitor materials and method of their production
Methods of producing polycrystalline and single crystal dielectrics are disclosed, including dielectrics comprising CaCu3Ti4O12 or La3Ga5SiO4. Superior single crystals are manufactured with improved crystallinity by atomic lattice constant adjustments to the dielectric and to the substrate on which it is grown. Dielectric materials made according to the disclosed methods are useful for manufacture of energy storage devices, e.g. capacitors.
US07830643B2 Power supply with electrostatic cooling fan
A power supply having an electrostatic circuit producing sufficient ionic motion to move ambient air over heated surfaces. The electrostatic circuit creates a corona discharge from several emitter point sources producing sufficient ionic motion to move ambient air over a hot surface, such as a heatsink or heatfins, which surface is in communication with the power supply housing. A high DC voltage is generated within the power supply when the power supply is energized to create the ionic motion.
US07830640B2 Spin valve magnetoresistive device with conductive-magnetic material bridges in a dielectric or semiconductor layer alternatively of magnetic material
Magnetoresistive device comprising a spin valve formed from a stack of layers including at least two magnetic layers for which a relative orientation of their magnetisation directions are capable varying under influence of a magnetic field; at least one discontinuous dielectric or semiconducting layer with electrically conducting bridges at least partially passing through a thickness of the dielectric or semiconducting layer, the bridges configured to locally concentrate current that passes transversely through the stack; and means for circulating a current in the spin valve transverse to the plane of the layers, characterised in that the dielectric or semiconducting layer with electrically conducting bridges is arranged inside one of the magnetic layers.
US07830636B2 Spoiler and method for using the spoiler having a perforation there through for reducing particle accumulation in a hard disk drive
A disk drive spoiler for reducing particle accumulation in a hard disk drive is provided. The spoiler includes a body portion for directing airflow generated by a rotating disk, the rotating disk comprising a middle diameter and an outer diameter wherein the body portion directs airflow away from the outer diameter of the disk. The spoiler also includes an end portion for directing airflow away from the middle diameter of the disk towards the outer diameter of the disk wherein the body portion comprises a perforation through the body for reducing suction of particles onto the disk surface.
US07830635B2 Magnetic recording medium, recording/reproducing apparatus, and stamper
On a magnetic recording medium, M sets of burst patterns are formed along a direction of rotation of a substrate in each burst pattern region. Each burst pattern is formed so as to include two types of burst signal units that have an equal length along a radial direction of the substrate. In a predetermined range (2·M) centers in the radial direction of the burst patterns are present at intervals of (1/N) times the track pitch in the radial direction. The predetermined range has a length along the radial direction of (2M/N) times the track pitch. M or N is a natural number of two or higher. The two types of burst signal units are formed of non-recording regions and facing end parts in the radial direction of the first type of burst signal units and the second type of burst signal units are separated via recording regions.
US07830634B2 Head-disk contact detection and work function difference determination
In a method of head-disk contact detection in a hard disk drive, a Radio Frequency (RF) carrier signal is injected into a slider which is flying above a surface of a disk in a hard disk drive. A modulated version of the RF carrier signal is received from the slider. The modulated version of the RF carrier signal is demodulated to achieve a demodulated signal. A signal spectrum of a range of frequencies in the demodulated signal is monitored for activity indicative of a contact between a head of the slider and the surface of the disk. An occurrence of the contact is determined based upon an occurrence of the activity.
US07830631B2 Controlling an overshoot amplitude level based on a recording data pattern in a magnetic disk drive
Embodiments of the present invention reduce lowering of a recording current and a recording magnetic field that might occur upon execution of write pre-compensation for compensating the NLTS according to a perpendicular magnetic recording method. According to one embodiment, the recording current overshoot is increased for recording a high NLTS recording data pattern. The read signal quality is improved, thereby a highly reliable magnetic disk can be provided.
US07830626B2 Resilient plate and lens actuator with same
A resilient plate includes a plate shaped body. A through hole is defined in the center of the plate shaped body. A plurality of slots is defined in the plate shaped body and the slots cooperatively surrounding the through hole. Each of the slots includes a first substantially straight slot portion, a second substantially straight slot portion and a third substantially straight slot portion. The second substantially straight slot portion interconnects between and substantially perpendicular to the first and second substantially straight slot portions. The slots are oriented about 90 degrees with respect to each other. The resilient plate further includes a plurality of pinholes defined in the periphery portion of the plate shaped body. The bracket includes a plurality of first positioning pins corresponding to the pinholes. The resilient plate is fastened to the bracket by engagement of the pinholes with the respective first positioning pins.
US07830625B2 Lens positioning jig, method of attaching lens barrel and lens device
It is provided that a lens positioning jig, a method of attaching lens barrel, and a lens device. A lens holding portion is inserted through a barrel insertion hole, and then a housing holding portion allows a barrel attachment portion to be thereby positioned and held in a lens housing. When an air pump is operated, a lens holding portion sucks and holds a convergent lens held in a second lens barrel and then positioned with respect to the barrel attachment portion. In addition, the second lens barrel is held in the lens housing so that the second flange does not come in contact with barrel attachment groove. Subsequently, an adhesive is filled into a gap formed between the second flange and the barrel attachment groove to thereby fix the second lens barrel thereto.
US07830623B2 Connecting method or lenses for an imaging-device, lens unit constructed by using the connection method and imaging-device comprising the lens unit
To connect N lenses to construct a lens unit for an imaging-device in series, (n−1)-th (where 2≦n (integer)≦N) lens having an outer periphery rim region which extends with a certain thickness from an outer periphery edge end portion of the lens region directing to the side of the adjacent nth lens and the outer periphery rim region which has a circular-arc tapered surface inclined with respect to an optical axis on a outer part of the lens region, and the nth lens having a bulgy-protrusion-shaped portion with head-top portion milled to be round along an outer part of the lens region on a surface of an outer periphery rim region opposed to the (n−1)-th lens are arranged, and lens position adjustment is made by putting the bulgy protrusion-shaped portion to the circular-arc tapered surface to perform point contact.
US07830618B1 Negatively-refractive focusing and sensing apparatus, methods, and systems
Apparatus, methods, and systems provide negatively-refractive focusing and sensing of electromagnetic energy. In some approaches the negatively-refractive focusing includes providing an interior focusing region with an axial magnification substantially less than one. In some approaches the negatively-refractive focusing includes negatively-refractive focusing with a transformation medium, where the transformation medium may include an artificially-structured material such as a metamaterial.
US07830617B2 Optical components including lens having at least one aspherical refractive surface
An optical component including lens having at least one aspherical refractive surface capable of satisfying desired performance and characteristics is disclosed.
US07830613B2 Zoom lens and an imaging apparatus incorporating the same
The first lens group comprises a positive lens and a negative lens, and the total number of lenses in the first lens group is 2. The second lens group consists of, in order from the object side, a front unit of negative refracting power and a rear unit of positive refracting power. The third lens group consists of, in order from the object side, a front unit of positive refracting power and a rear unit of negative refracting power. The fourth lens group comprises a positive lens component, and the total number of lens components in the fourth lens group is 1. The front unit of the second lens group comprises a negative lens component, and the total number of lens components in the front unit of the second lens group is 1. The rear unit of the second lens group comprises, in order from the object side to the image side, a negative lens and a positive lens, and the total number of lenses in the rear unit of the second lens group is 2. The negative lens component in the front unit of the second lens group and the negative lens in the rear unit of the second lens group satisfy the following condition (1A): 2.9
US07830608B2 Multiple emitter coupling devices and methods with beam transform system
Methods and devices for coupling the output of multiple emitters of a laser diode bar using a beam transform system with high brightness and coupling efficiency. Some embodiments may include wavelength locking with devices such as VBGs and other suitable devices and methods.
US07830601B2 Stereoscopic image display device
The embodiment is to make it possible to increase a resolution obtained when a character or a two-dimensional image is displayed. A stereoscopic image display device is provided with a two-dimensional image display device having a plurality of pixels arranged within a display plane; and a ray control section which is provided in front of or behind the display plane and has a plurality of opening portions or a plurality of lenses arranged side by side, for controlling rays from the pixels, a distance z from the ray control section to a two-dimensional character or a two-dimensional image display position satisfying relationships of 0
US07830595B2 Electro-optical device, electronic apparatus, protective member, and method of manufacturing protective member
An electro-optical device includes an electro-optical panel including a pair of substrates and an electro-optical layer between the pair of substrates, a protective member composed of a light-transmitting substrate mounted on at least one of the pair of substrates, and a holding member that holds the electro-optical panel. The protective member has a thick portion where the thickness of the light-transmitting substrate is large, thin portions where the thickness of the light-transmitting substrate is small, the thin portions being provided at the outer circumference of the light-transmitting substrate, and step portions provided between the thick and thin portions. The holding member has fitting portions that are nested into the step portions of the protective member. The light-transmitting substrate and the electro-optical panel are bonded to each other with an adhesive layer.
US07830591B2 Active-matrix circuit board and display
An active-matrix circuit board includes a substrate including an avoided portion in a predetermined region thereof, one or more first pixel electrodes disposed around the avoided portion on the substrate, second pixel electrodes disposed on the substrate, pixel-driving circuits disposed on the substrate to drive the first and second pixel electrodes, wiring lines disposed on the substrate and connected to the pixel-driving circuits, and bypass line portions provided in the wiring lines so as to bypass the avoided portion. The first pixel electrodes are larger than the second pixel electrodes and have such a shape as to extend toward the avoided portion. The bypass line portions are disposed under the first pixel electrodes.
US07830590B2 Magnetic migration and reversal display panel and magnetic migration and reversal display method
In a magnetic display panel that changes the display using a magnet, a polychrome display panel is obtained that magnetically displays two colors in addition to the background, thus, specifically, magnetically displays three colors. The magnetic migration and reversal display panel encloses a dispersion liquid obtained by dispersing micro-magnets with differently colored magnetic poles in a dispersion medium containing a colorant. After writing representing two display colors is obtained by selecting a specified magnetic pole, causing from the front surface side the migration or migration/reversal of the micro-magnets in the dispersion liquid, and displaying the color tone of the specified surface of the micro-magnets, the color tone of writing is changed without changing the state of writing by causing the magnetic field of the opposite magnetic pole to act from the same surface side on the micro-magnets configuring the writing where the color tone is displayed.
US07830587B2 Method and device for modulating light with semiconductor substrate
Light in the visible spectrum is modulated using an array of modulation elements, and control circuitry connected to the array for controlling each of the modulation elements independently, each of the modulation elements having a surface which is caused to exhibit a predetermined impedance characteristic to particular frequencies of light. The amplitude of light delivered by each of the modulation elements is controlled independently by pulse code modulation. Each modulation element has a deformable portion held under tensile stress, and the control circuitry controls the deformation of the deformable portion. Each deformable element has a deformation mechanism and an optical portion, the deformation mechanism and the optical portion independently imparting to the element respectively a controlled deformation characteristic and a controlled modulation characteristic. The deformable modulation element may be a non-metal. The elements are made by forming a sandwich of two layers and a sacrificial layer between them, the sacrificial layer having a thickness related to the final cavity dimension, and using water or an oxygen based plasma to remove the sacrificial layer.
US07830585B2 Method of making an ion-switching device without a separate lithiation step
In any manufacturing sequence for making a lithium ion-switching device, lithium has to be introduced at some stage into the device. An electrode inside the device is filled and depleted with lithium through an ion conductor at every use cycle of the device. Prior-art methods to introduce the lithium are: direct sputtering of lithium on the electrode, or electrochemically loading the electrode in an electrochemical cell, or indirectly loading the electrode after an ion conductor has been deposited on top of the electrode and still other methods. The inventive method disclosed makes such a separate lithiation step obsolete. The lithium is introduced at the same time as the ion-conductor is put on the electrode. This can be achieved by using an oxygen super-stoichiometric compound for the electrode.
US07830584B2 Organic-inorganic composite material and method for producing the same, and functional electrode and functional device
The present invention provides an organic-inorganic composite material containing a metal oxide, and a functional organic material located on the metal oxide, wherein the functional organic material and the metal oxide are bound via a silanol bond. An aspect that the silanol bond is formed by reacting a silane coupling agent with the metal oxide, and an aspect that the silane coupling agent has a reactive terminal are preferred. The present invention also provides a display electrode for electrochromic display device and electrode for photoelectric conversion device using the organic-inorganic composite material, an electrochromic display device using the display electrode and a photoelectric conversion device using the electrode.
US07830582B2 Electrochromic display
An electrochromic display is disclosed which comprises an array-side substrate (10) in which a pixel electrode (15) and an electrochromic layer (30) are formed, a color filter-side substrate (50) in which a counter electrode (53) and an electrochromic layer (54) are formed, and an electrolytic layer (80) injected between the array-side substrate (10) and the color filter-side substrate (50). By forming a partition wall (23) on the periphery of the pixel electrode (15) and the electrochromic layer (30), there can be prevented short-circuits between pixel electrodes (15) and short-circuits between electrochromic layers (30) between adjacent pixels, thereby realizing an electrochromic display with higher precision.
US07830580B2 Semiconductor optical modulator
An optical modulator is provided with a stripe-shaped optical waveguide, which has an upper clad layer, a lower clad layer formed between the upper clad layer and a substrate, and an undoped core layer which is arranged between the upper clad layer and the lower clad layer and has a complex refractive index that changes corresponding to the intensity of an applied electric field, to a signal light propagating inside. On both sides of the stripe-shaped optical waveguide, conductor walls are configured by arranging a pair of parallel blocking flat boards with an insulating wall in between. Thus, the semiconductor optical modulator having a high optical modulation efficiency is provided.
US07830579B2 Stereoscopic-image display apparatus
Mediums that are arranged opposite to an elemental-image display unit, that form two lens arrays having different principal planes together with substrates, and that switches a polarization direction of incident light corresponding to applied voltage, thereby making lens effect of either one of the lens arrays effective are included. By controlling the polarization direction synchronizing with a display timing of images to be displayed on the elemental-image display unit, the lens array to be effective is switched at each display timing, and images having different near or far direction are alternately displayed on the elemental-image display unit.
US07830577B2 Micromechanical device with adjustable resonant frequency by geometry alteration and method for operating same
A micromechanical device described has an oscillation system with an oscillation body and an elastic suspension, by which the oscillation body is oscillatorily suspended. The elastic suspension has at least two spring beams. An adjuster for adjusting a resonant frequency of the oscillation system by changing the position of the at least two spring beams of the elastic suspension towards each other is provided.
US07830574B2 Light scanning apparatus
A light scanning apparatus according to the invention includes a reflecting mirror, a screw, an elastic member, and an optical housing. The reflecting mirror reflects the light beam deflected by deflection unit toward a object to be scanned. The screw supports a reflecting surface of the reflecting member. The elastic member is provided opposite the screw while the reflecting member is interposed therebetween, and the elastic member presses the reflecting mirror against the screw. The optical housing accommodates the reflecting mirror. The light scanning apparatus includes a planar portion having a drawing which can abut on a longitudinal surface of the reflecting mirror, and the planar portion and the longitudinal surface of the reflecting mirror are rigidly bonded by a bonding agent while the drawing receives the longitudinal surface of the reflecting mirror.
US07830573B2 Method and system for producing multiple images in a single image plane using diffraction
Methods create images viewable under different selected angles on optical storage devices and other photosensitive surfaces and optical storage devices with super-imposed images. Generally, a photosensitive surface is exposed with multiple diffraction patterns creating super-imposed images. These diffraction patterns create super-imposed images on the photosensitive surfaces, which can be read by either a human or a computer.
US07830570B2 Device and method for edition of moving picture data
When a predetermined operation is made of a remote commander while moving picture data read from a storage unit and decoded is being displayed on a display screen, a thumbnail of a reproduced image being displayed on the display screen and a plurality of thumbnails near the reproduced image displayed on the display screen are displayed being superposed on the reproduced image. Information on edit points indicating the position of image data corresponding to ones, designated by the remote commander, of the plurality of thumbnails displayed on the display screen is added to the moving picture data, and the data is stored into the storage unit. Thus, it is possible to set IN and OUT points as edit points elaborately and easily for edition of moving picture data.
US07830567B2 Color conversion device, color conversion method and color conversion program
A color conversion device for color-converting an input image signal in an input color reproduction region of a source device, in a predetermined color space, by mapping the input image signal into an output color reproduction region of a destination device in the predetermined color space, comprising: a calculation portion for calculating a mapping destination in the output color reproduction region of a pre-specified characteristic point in the input color reproduction region; a correction portion for correcting the output color reproduction region such that a region including a saturation higher than the calculated mapping destination is eliminated; and a mapping portion for mapping the input image signal into the corrected output color reproduction region, is provided.
US07830564B2 Method of obtaining correction value of optical sensor and recording apparatus
A method of obtaining a correction value of an optical sensor detecting an edge of the medium so as to generate detection information, includes: acquiring edge information on an edge position of one of opposite edges of the medium based on the detection information; forming on the medium a correction value obtainment pattern including lines that are arranged at a fixed interval in a first direction and parallel to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction and that include a reference line spaced a first distance from the edge position in the first direction and parallel to the second direction, based on the edge information; specifying a line spaced the first distance from the edge position in the first direction; obtaining a second distance in the first direction between the specified line and the reference line; and determining the second distance as an absolute value of the correction value.
US07830563B2 Image scanner and image forming apparatus
An image scanner includes a scanning unit that scans a white scanning member via a contact glass on one line basis when the image scanner is powered on and outputs image data of the white scanning member, and a determining unit that determines whether at least one of the contact glass and the white scanning member has dirt or a scratch thereon by comparing the image data with reference data on one line basis. The reference data is acquired by scanning the scanning member in a situation that there is no dirt or scratch on the scanning member.
US07830562B2 Image input device and image input method
There is provided an image input device in which a carriage mounted with an image sensor and three types of light source is moved in a sub-scanning direction of a document by a motor and the document is read in a line sequential manner. The image input device includes a controller controlling a driving of the motor, an operation of the image sensor, and lighting and extinguishing operations of the light source; and a detecting unit outputting an edge signal to the controller when detecting a movement of the carriage corresponding to one sub-scanning line. The controller is configured to sequentially light and extinguish the three types of light source whenever receiving the edge signal from the detecting unit so as to sequentially read out electric charge stored in the image sensor during the lighting period of the respective light source; and discard the electric charge stored in the image sensor during an intervening period before receiving a subsequent edge signal.
US07830561B2 Lensless imaging with controllable apertures
Embodiments of the present invention provide a lensless optical device for acquiring an image. The device can include a light attenuating layer having a plurality of elements, where transmittance of each of the plurality of elements is controllable, and an image detector disposed at a distance from the light attenuating layer, the image detector configured to acquire an image with light that passes through the light attenuating layer. The device also can include a light attenuating layer controller configured to simultaneously control transmittance of each of the plurality of elements independent of each other. Methods of detecting and tracking an object in a scene are also disclosed.
US07830560B2 System and method for adaptive digital ramp current control
An adaptive digital ramp current control system comprises a digital current ramp controller configured to digitally ramp a current level supplied to at least one light emitting diode (LED) according to a predetermined ramp profile, the ramp profile comprising at least one intermediate current level step between a minimum current level and a maximum current level.
US07830553B2 Image output system for outputting image based on information of number of dots to be formed in predetermined area
The image output system of the invention collects a preset number of adjacent pixels to one pixel group to divide a number of pixels constituting an image into multiple pixel groups and specifies a pixel group tone value as a representative tone value of each pixel group. The image output system refers to a conversion table to generate dot number data of each pixel group. The conversion table stores dot number data, which represents number of dots to be created in one pixel group, in relation to a combination of a pixel group classification number allocated to each pixel group and the specified pixel group tone value of the pixel group. The image output system then refers to a priority order of pixels representing potentials of dot creation in respective pixels of one pixel group, determines the positions of dot-on pixels in each pixel group according to the generated dot number data of the pixel group, and actually creates dots according to the determined positions of the dot-on pixels. The dot number data does not include information on the positions of the dot-on pixels and has a small data volume, thus enabling high-speed data transfer. The dot number data is readily obtained by simply referring to the conversion table. This leads to high-speed output of high-quality image data. The technique of the invention thus enables easy and high-speed output of a high-quality image.
US07830551B2 Image processing method, image processing device, and computer program
Image data is acquired, it is determined whether the tone value specified by tone value information included in the acquired image data is equal to or greater than a predetermined tone value, and the tone value information is converted into a description that indicates a still smaller tone value if it is determined that the answer is negative.
US07830550B2 Image converting method and apparatus, and image forming apparatus having the same
A method of converting a color image into a monochromatic image, includes converting the color image into a color space representing brightness values and attribute values of pixels constituting the color image, converting the color image into the monochromatic image based on the brightness values of the pixels, and modifying brightness values of pixels of the monochromatic image based on eigenvalues corresponding to the attribute values of the pixels of the color image.
US07830547B2 User interface assistant
A diagnostic system provides help to a user utilizing a data store that stores one or more solutions to at least one error. A storage component logs error data and associates errors, responses to the errors, and information indicative of whether each of the error responses was successful or unsuccessful. A linking component receives the error data from a source and identifies an appropriate solution to the error data from the information logged in the storage component. A presentation component presents the appropriate solution to a user.
US07830542B2 Printing data creation program and printing data processing apparatus
The printing data processing system searches for reference indication (i.e., link sources) in the received ML source data, and adds the page information for the linked objects to the ML source data. The page number on which the linked object is printed is printed after the printing of each link source term included when a ML source file, such as a home page. Consequently, when a home page is printed, for example, the user can easily arrive at the linked object from the link source in the printed document while the home page layout on the personal computer is kept intact.
US07830537B2 System and method for controlling copying of documents
A system and method of controlling copying of documents. The method includes optically capturing a document. At least one object of the captured document is recognized. A content output is determined based on the recognized object and at least one output rule. The content output is provided based on the determination.
US07830528B2 3D image measuring apparatus and method thereof
A three dimensional (3D) measuring apparatus and method are provided. The 3D image measuring apparatus includes a stage, a projection portion, and an imaging portion. The projection portion includes first and second lights, first and second lattices, and first and second projection lenses. The imaging portion includes an imaging lens and a camera. The projection portion further includes a movement instrument which controls the first and the second lattices through a predetermined number of movement actions during operation of the measuring apparatus.
US07830527B2 Multiple frequency optical mixer and demultiplexer and apparatus for remote sensing
A pulsed laser system includes a modulator module configured to provide pulsed electrical signals and a plurality of solid-state seed sources coupled to the modulator module and configured to operate, responsive to the pulsed electrical signals, in a pulse mode. Each of the plurality of solid-state seed sources is tuned to a different frequency channel separated from any adjacent frequency channel by a frequency offset. The pulsed laser system also includes a combiner that combines outputs from each of the solid state seed sources into a single optical path and an optical doubler and demultiplexer coupled to the single optical path and providing each doubled seed frequency on a separate output path.
US07830525B2 Optical coherence imaging systems having a mechanism for shifting focus and scanning modality and related adapters
Some embodiments of the present invention provide adapters for use in posterior imaging systems. The adapters include lens set configured to adapt the posterior imaging system to operate as an anterior imaging system. Related optical coherence tomography systems and anterior imaging systems are also provided herein.
US07830522B2 Method and apparatus for determining reflectance data of a subject
An apparatus for obtaining reflectance data of an object includes a diffuser having a surface. The apparatus includes a mapping portion that effects a mapping between a light field at the object's surface and a light field at the diffuser surface for BRDF capture of the object. A method for obtaining reflectance data usable to determine a plurality of values of the BRDF of an object. The method includes the steps of illuminating the object. There is the step of effecting a mapping between a light field at the object's surface and a light field at a diffuser surface for BRDF capture of the object with a mapping portion. An apparatus and a method for measuring an 8D reflectance field of an object or a 3D object.
US07830516B2 Automated seed sampler and methods of sampling, testing and bulking seeds
An automated seed sampler includes a sampling station, a sampler for removing material from a seed in the sampling station; a seed conveyer for conveying the seed from the sampling station to a compartment in a seed tray, and a conveyor for conveying the material removed from the seed to a corresponding compartment in a sample tray. And a method for bulking up a quantity of plant seed having a desired characteristic generally includes testing each seed for the desired characteristic, cultivating plants only from seeds which tested positive for the desired characteristic, recovering seed from the cultivated plants, and repeating the processes of testing, cultivating, and recovering seed for one or multiple generations.
US07830515B2 Method and apparatus for detection of bioaerosols
A method and apparatus for evaluating a bioaerosol sample is provided which includes detecting frequency and/or time resolution factors that allow discriminate between a plurality of signals emitted by the bioaerosol to selectively detect biological materials contained in the bioaerosol sample from materials of non-biological origin and potentially associated with a pathogenic bioaerosol.
US07830511B2 Apparatus and method for measuring polarization direction of polarizing plate
A polarization direction measuring apparatus includes: a first polarizing plate having an unknown polarization direction about a reference axis; a sample whose polarization direction is to be measured; a rotatable sample holder on which the sample is mounted in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, wherein the sample holder rotates the sample along a reference axis in the azimuth direction; a light source that generates light passing though the first polarizing plate and the sample; and a light detector detecting light generated by the light source that passes though the first polarizing plate and the sample.
US07830508B2 Method and assembly for determining soot particles in a gas stream
Method and assembly for determining the presence of soot particles in a gas stream such as in the air. To prevent the disturbing effect of salts and the like that may be deposited on soot particles, it is proposed to introduce the soot particles into water as a suspension. The salts concerned dissolve in the water and have no effect when determining the change in optical properties resulting from the presence of the soot particles. This determination comprises in particular a light transmittance measurement. The presence of the soot particles can be determined after the gas stream is first passed through a filter, as a result of which a particle size distribution can be determined.Suspension of the soot particles can be achieved by subjecting these to a stream of steam, whereby the steam condenses on the soot particles and then causes these to precipitate out of the gas. The various processes can be expedited by using a cyclone.
US07830504B2 Automated systems and assemblies for use in evaluating agricultural products and methods therefor
Methods and assemblies are provided for evaluating plants for presence of pests. Methods may include separating pests from a plant to produce a sample of pests for analysis, illuminating the sample to produce emitted light from the sample, and comparing the emitted light from the sample to a model to discriminate pests within the sample. Assemblies may include a separating unit operable to separate pests from a plant to produce a sample comprising pests, a light source for illuminating at least part of the sample, and an imaging device adjacent the light source for receiving light from the illuminated sample and creating an image of the sample.
US07830499B1 Method and apparatus for laser return characterization in a countermeasures system
A method for laser return characterization in a DIRCM system, wherein the improvement comprises the step of using a split or shared path.
US07830498B2 Hydraulic-facilitated contact lithography apparatus, system and method
A contact lithography apparatus, system and method use a hydraulic deformation to facilitate pattern transfer. The apparatus, system and method include a spacer that provides a spaced apart proximal orientation of lithographic elements, and a hydraulic force member that provides the hydraulic deformation. One or more of the lithographic elements and the spacer is deformable, such that hydraulic deformation thereof facilitates the pattern transfer.
US07830497B2 System and method for using a two part cover and a box for protecting a reticle
Systems and methods to protect a mask from being contaminated by airborne particles are described. The systems and methods include providing a reticle secured in a two-part cover. The two part cover includes a removable protection device used to protect the reticle from contaminants. The cover can be held inside a pod or box that can be used to transport the cover through a lithography system from an atmospheric section to a vacuum section. While in the vacuum section, the removable cover can be moved during an exposure process during which a pattern on the reticle can be formed on a wafer.
US07830496B2 Method of exposing substrate with one polarization mask and at least two lights and apparatus for performing the same
In a method of exposing a substrate to light and an apparatus for performing the method, a first optical unit configured to generate at least two lights and including a photomask, the at least two lights having pattern information of the photomask, and a second optical unit configured to direct the at least two lights along different paths and onto a substrate.
US07830493B2 System and method for compensating for radiation induced thermal distortions in a substrate or projection system
A system and method are used to compensate for thermal effect on a lithographic apparatus. The system comprises a patterning device, a projection system, a substrate position controller, and a substrate-position-based expansion-compensator. The patterning device modulates a radiation beam. The projection system projects the modulated radiation beam onto a target portion of a substrate. The substrate position controller moves the substrate relative to the projection system sequentially through a plurality of exposure positions. The substrate-position-based expansion-compensator interacts with the substrate position controller to modify the exposure positions in order at least partially to compensate for thermally-induced geometrical changes of at least one of the substrate and projection system.
US07830489B2 Flexible circuit board, display unit having the same and display device having the same
A flexible circuit board includes a base substrate, a driving chip, an input transmission line, an output transmission line and a connecting transmission line. The driving chip is on a surface of the base substrate. The input transmission line is on the surface of the base substrate and electrically connected to an input terminal of the driving chip. The output transmission line is on the surface of the base substrate and electrically connected to an output terminal of the driving chip. The input transmission line is electrically connected to the output transmission line through the connecting transmission line.
US07830485B2 Liquid crystal display panel having first and second sets of pixel and common electrodes on respectively opposed facing substrates with blue phase liquid crystals in which an anisotropic refractive index thereof varies by first and second electric fields respectively adjacent thereto
In a liquid crystal display panel including an array substrate having a first pixel electrode and a first common electrode, and an opposite substrate facing the array substrate, the opposite substrate including a second pixel electrode and a second common electrode. A liquid crystal layer is interposed between the array substrate and the opposite substrate. Electric fields are formed between the first pixel electrode and the first common electrode and between the second pixel electrode and the second common electrode, respectively.
US07830484B2 TFT array substrate for inspection and method for inspection using the same
A TFT substrate for inspection for shorts, includes a substrate defined by a display area and a non-display area outside the display area; a plurality of first and second lines formed in the display area on the substrate; pad lines formed to be extended from one side of each of the first lines to the non-display area; a plurality of signal inspection bars formed in the non-display area to cross the pad lines at one side of the pad lines; a shorting inspection bar spaced apart from the outermost signal inspection bar at a predetermined interval and substantially parallel with the signal inspection bar and connected to the pad lines; and a plurality of transparent electrode patterns partially overlapped with the pad lines and connected to one of the signal inspection bars.
US07830483B2 Liquid crystal display device
The invention relates to a liquid crystal display device used for a display unit of electronic equipment, and an object is to provide a liquid crystal display of a high quality without shading in the display that is caused by deviation in the positions of patterns. Compensation electrodes are formed on the regions across which the data bus lines and the pixel electrodes are opposed to each other, the compensation electrodes being formed simultaneously with the data bus lines by using the same exposing mask. The compensation electrodes are electrically connected to the pixel electrode through the contact holes, and assumes the same potential as the one applied to the pixel electrode.
US07830480B2 Liquid crystal panel, and liquid crystal display
A liquid crystal panel or the present invention comprising a liquid crystal cell, a first polarizer and a second polarizer provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, a first optical compensation layer provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer, and a second optical compensation layer provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, wherein a wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystal cell satisfies Re40(450)>Re40(550)>Re40(650), an index ellipsoid of the first optical compensation layer satisfies a relationship of nx>nz>ny, and a wavelength dispersion of the second optical compensation layer satisfies Re40(450)≧Re40(550)≧Re40(650).
US07830479B2 Liquid crystal display and electronic paper utilizing the display
The liquid crystal display includes a first display unit, a second display unit, a light absorbing layer disposed on a bottom surface of the first display unit so as to absorb light which has entered the first display unit through a top surface thereof and which has been transmitted by the first liquid crystal, and a control circuit section for effecting a switch between a two-surface display mode in which the second display unit is lapped over the first display unit so as to face the bottom surface thereof with the light absorbing layer interposed between them to display images independent of each other on the first display unit and the second display unit and a high image quality mode in which the second display unit is lapped over the first display unit so as to face the top surface thereof to display the same image on the first and second display units.
US07830478B2 Display panel and liquid crystal display device having the same
An LCD device includes a lower panel having a first substrate; an organic layer formed on the first substrate; a trans-reflection layer formed on the organic layer and having a reflection area reflecting a portion of incidence light from exterior and a transmission area transmitting other portion of the incidence light; color filters formed on the trans-reflection layer; an overcoating layer formed on the color filters; and a common electrode formed on the overcoating layer. A portion of the overcoating layer corresponding to the reflection area is thicker than a portion of the overcoating layer corresponding to the transmission area. The LCD device also includes an upper panel including a second substrate facing the first substrate with a predetermined gap; thin film transistors formed on the second substrate; and pixel electrodes connected to the thin film transistors; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the lower and upper panels.
US07830476B2 Electroluminescence display device comprising a drain electrode being directly contacted with the upper surface of the first transparent conductive layer and the side surface of the second conductive layer and fabricating methods thereof
A liquid crystal display device includes a first thin film transistor having an active layer, a gate electrode with a double conductive layer structure overlapping the active layer with a gate insulating film there between, a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the active layer through first and second contact holes which penetrate an interlayer insulating film on the gate insulating film; a pixel electrode having a double layer structure, including a first transparent conductive layer and a second conductive layer, formed on the gate insulating film, wherein a portion of the first transparent conductive layer is exposed through a first transmission hole, which penetrates the interlayer insulating film; a luminescence layer on a portion of the pixel electrode; and a common electrode on the luminescence layer.
US07830475B1 Double sided liquid crystal display unit and portable electronic apparatus comprising a polarizing element between two liquid crystal display panels
A liquid crystal display device including two liquid crystal display panels located back to back is made thinner. A liquid crystal display device includes first and second liquid crystal display panels located back to back. The liquid crystal display device further includes a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel, a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel, and a polarizing element provided between the first and second liquid crystal display panels. The rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light, incident on the rear substrate from the light source and propagating inside the rear substrate, toward the second liquid crystal display panel. The rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light, incident on the rear substrate from the light source and propagating inside the rear substrate, toward the first liquid crystal display panel.
US07830474B2 Lighting device and liquid crystal display using it
A lighting device for emitting light in a planar manner comprises a backlight section having non-uniformity in light emission in a plane and an optical film having an in-plane transmittance distribution compensating for the non-uniformity in light emission. The optical film has a plurality of slits allowing light to pass through and controls the in-plane transmittance distribution by varying the shapes of slit openings. Widths of the slits are fixed, closed portions are provided in a longitudinal direction, and the in-plane transmittance distribution is controlled by the ratio of the closed portions to the slits. A part of the optical film other than the slits is a light shielding layer, and a surface on the light source side of the light shielding layer scatters and reflects light. Each value in the in-plane transmittance distribution of the optical film is smaller than the reciprocal of a corresponding value in a light intensity distribution of the backlight section. A surface opposite to a surface on the light source side of the optical film has a cylindrical lens structure focused on the slits. Non-uniformity in light emission in the lighting device such as a backlight used in a liquid crystal display is eliminated at a low cost.
US07830472B2 Blue color composition for color filter, color filter, and color image display device
The invention relates to a blue composition for a color filter to realize an image having a high color purity corresponding to the emission wavelength of an improved LED backlight, a color filter and a color image display device.
US07830471B2 Image display device
An image display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal display panel, a resin frame for attaching the liquid crystal display panel to a front cabinet and a circuit board that are arranged inside a casing. The resin frame is provided with a grounding clamp arranged between the circuit board and the liquid crystal display panel. The grounding clamp establishes electrical connection between a ground pattern formed on the circuit board and a metal plate arranged on the rear surface of the liquid crystal display panel.
US07830469B2 Backlight unit and display device having the same
A tiled display device includes a combination of multiple display devices to form a larger tiled display device. The larger tiled display device minimizes the boundaries between in the multiple display devices to improve the active area of the display. A partition wall between display devices may be configured to reduce the distance between the combined display devices.
US07830466B2 Array substrate for organic thin film transistor liquid crystal display device and method of manufacturing the same
An array substrate for an organic thin film transistor liquid crystal display device includes a substrate; a data line on the substrate; a first gate line crossing the data line to define a pixel region; an organic thin film transistor electrically connected to the first gate line and the data line, the organic thin film transistor including source and drain electrodes, an organic semiconductor layer on the source and drain electrodes, a gate electrode on the organic semiconductor layer; a pixel electrode in the pixel region and connected to the drain electrode; a gate pad terminal electrically connected to the first gate line and formed of a transparent conductive material; a data pad terminal electrically connected to the data line and formed of a transparent conductive material; and a passivation layer covering the organic thin film transistor and exposing the pixel electrode, the gate pad terminal, and the data pad terminal.
US07830464B2 Array substrate for fringe field switching mode liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same
An array substrate for a fringe field switching mode liquid crystal display device comprises a gate line on a substrate; a gate electrode connected to the gate line; a gate insulating layer on the gate line and the gate electrode; a semiconductor layer on the gate insulating layer and corresponding to the gate electrode; source and drain electrodes on the semiconductor layer and spaced apart from each other, the source electrode having first and second sub-source layers, the drain electrode having first and second sub-drain layers. Also disclosed in a method of fabricating a fringe field switching mode liquid crystal display device.
US07830459B2 System and method for parallel channel scanning
A system and method are disclosed for receiving a group of video channels at a client device, selecting a display set from the group of channels, and sending a communication to a display for displaying each channel in the display set in parallel wherein each one of the channels in the display set is displayed in one of a plurality of picture in picture (PIP) displays for a predetermined time.
US07830457B2 Multiple video source management
Systems and techniques for managing multiple video sources are described. Video data for a first channel may be displayed and buffered, while video data for a second channel that is not being displayed or recorded is also being buffered. The second channel may be a previous display channel and/or a predicted future channel.
US07830456B1 System and method for frequency multiplexing in double-conversion receivers
A system and method for frequency conversion in a frequency-conversion receiver is disclosed. The frequency-conversion receiver receives input RF signals carrying multiple channels. The frequency-conversion receiver converts the input RF signals to a wide IF band. The IF band is further processed by dividing the IF band into one or more frequency segments or by selecting a wideband frequency segment from the IF band. The wideband frequency segment or the one or more frequency segments are further down-converted, filtered and amplified to provide desired output IF signals, based on the number of channels required in the output IF signals.
US07830455B2 TV set and method for managing gain value for each channel
The present invention relates to method for managing gain value for each channel of a TV set, includes steps: signaling a tuner to receive broadcasting signals of the channel in response to a channel selection command; reading a predetermined gain value of the channel from a setting table; amplifying and outputting audio signals extracted from the broadcasting signals of the channel according to the predetermined gain value of the channel; signaling a gain control unit to adjust a current gain value to an adjusted gain value if receiving a gain adjustment command; amplifying the audio signals of the channel according to the adjusted gain value; calculating an integrated gain value according to the adjusted gain value and the predetermined gain value; and updating the predetermined gain value of the channel using the integrated gain value. The present invention also provides a corresponding TV set.
US07830454B2 TV signal processor with MINI-PCI interface
A TV signal processor is disclosed to include multiple signal receivers, a signal amplifier, a signal processor, signal decoder and a MINI-PCI interface. The TV signal processor further comprises a plurality of reserve pins arranged in a manner to meet a specification including the SVHS input signal pin, the CVBS input signal pin and the Audio input/output signal pin for inputting/outputting various audio/video signals. Thus, the use of MINI-PCI slots in the host may be effectively reduced and provide more convenience to the users.
US07830446B2 Image sensing apparatus, image sensing method, program, and recording medium providing selective image correction
An object of this invention is to limit a correction amount for correcting the exposure error of a photographed image so as to prevent an excessively corrected image sensing result, and obtain a desired image sensing result by changing the correction width of the correction amount in accordance with the setting state and operation state of an image sensing apparatus and the object brightness in image sensing. To achieve this object, an exposure error value is calculated from the exposure level of an image signal and an exposure level obtained by photometry. The correction amount of the exposure error value is calculated on the basis of at least one of the setting state of the image sensing apparatus, the operation state of the image sensing apparatus, and the object brightness state in image sensing. The exposure error of the sensed image is corrected using the correction amount.
US07830438B2 Frame shuttering scheme for increased frame rate
A frame shutter apparatus comprising a controller for controlling multiple groups of pixels and for reading out values corresponding to the charge collected by different groups of pixels at different times. A method of reading out multiple groups of pixels is provided wherein values corresponding to the charge collected by one group of pixels is readout at a different time than the values corresponding to the charge collected by another group of pixels.
US07830437B2 High fill factor multi-way shared pixel
A pixel cell array architecture having a multiple pixel cells with shared pixel cell components. The individual pixel cell architecture increases the fill factor and the quantum efficiency for the pixel cell. The common pixel cell components may be shared by a number of pixels in the array, and may include several components that are associated with the readout of a signal from the pixel cell. Other examples of the pixel array architecture having improved fill factor for pixels in the array include an angled transfer gate and an efficiently located, shared capacitor.
US07830436B2 Method of controlling semiconductor device, signal processing method, semiconductor device, and electronic apparatus
A pre-amplifier (column region unit) of a solid-state imaging device includes a pixel-signal controller. The pixel-signal controller, for each vertical signal line, detects the level of each pixel signal independently by a pixel-signal detector on the output side of a pixel-signal amplifier, and sets a gain independently to the pixel-signal amplifier according to the level of the signal. At a subsequent stage of the solid-state imaging device, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter and a signal extending unit are provided. The A/D converter digitizes a pixel signal, and the digitized pixel signal is corrected by a gain set to the pixel-signal amplifier with reference to a classification signal from the pixel-signal detector, so that the dynamic range of signals of one screen is extended.
US07830429B1 Optimizing characterization values of image capture apparatus components
In a method for identifying substantially optimized characterization values of one or more components in an image capture apparatus a set of characterization values for the components is selected and responses and noise distributions of the sensor are modeled based upon the values contained in the set of the characterization values. The modeled responses and noise distributions are propagated through the image processing pipeline and a risk number associated with the selected set of characterization values from the propagated responses and noise distributions is obtained. In addition, substantially optimized characterization values of the one or more components are identified by substantially minimizing the risk number.
US07830427B2 Solid-state image pickup element and image pickup device
A solid-state image pickup element is disclosed which includes: a semiconductor substrate at which a plurality of element rows, in which a plurality of light-receiving elements are aligned along a vertical direction, are disposed in parallel along a horizontal direction; a plurality of color filters disposed in a predetermined color pattern at a light incident side of the semiconductor substrate; and a plurality of transfer paths transferring charge accumulated in the respective light-receiving elements of corresponding element rows. The sequence of lining-up in the horizontal direction of the element rows and the vertical transfer paths corresponding to the element rows at divisional regions, which are divided at a border line that runs along the vertical direction and includes a position corresponding to an optical axis of light incident from an optical unit on the semiconductor substrate, are opposite to one another. Also disclosed is an image pickup device using the solid-state image pickup element.
US07830425B2 Areal active pixel image sensor with programmable row-specific gain for hyper-spectral imaging
An areal active pixel image sensor (AAPS) with programmable row-specific gain is disclosed for converting hyper-spectral light image into video output signal (VOS). The AAPS includes: a) An areal active pixel sensor (APS) array each capable of photoelectrically converting and integrating an incident pixel light into a photoelectric signal through an integration time period TNT with a photoelectric signal gain GPE. b) A video output signal conditioner (VOSC), coupled to the APS array, for multiplexing and amplifying the photoelectric signals into the VOS with an electric signal gain GEE. c) The VOSC further programmably sets at least one of GPE and GEE to be row-specific. Consequently, the AAPS exhibits an overall photoelectric signal gain of GOA=GPE×GEE that is row-specific and it can compensate for image signal distortion caused by non-uniform spectral response of the APS elements during hyper-spectral imaging.
US07830420B2 Composite image data generating apparatus, method of controlling the same, and program for controlling the same
Low-sensitivity image data and high-sensitivity image data are synthesized at a ratio determined by a dynamic range. A composite image is displayed on a display screen. A histogram of the composite image is generated, and is displayed on the display screen. A user presses a dynamic range change button when he or she considers that the dynamic range of the composite image must be changed by seeing the histogram and the composite image. The dynamic range is changed, to obtain a composite image by the synthesis at the ratio determined by the changed dynamic range. It can be judged by the histogram whether or not the dynamic range must be changed.
US07830416B2 Imaging device with erroneous shake correction prevention due to front curtain shock
In an imaging apparatus, an erroneous shake correction is prevented from being performed due to a front curtain shock. A shutter selecting section determines a current state is a shake-correction execution mode when a shake correction switch is ON, when a tripod detection sensor tripod is not mounted, when a shake detection sensor senses a shake amount equal to or larger than a predetermined value, and when a shutter speed is lower than a predetermined value. In this case, the shutter selecting section selects an electronic focal plane shutter as the front curtain, and supplies an operation command signal to an electronic focal plane shutter control section. In other cases, the shutter selecting section determines the current state is not the shake-correction execution mode, and selects a mechanical focal plane shutter as the front curtain and supplies an operation command signal to a shutter drive control section.
US07830408B2 Conference captioning
A system and method for providing captioning in a conference. In an illustrative embodiment, the method includes establishing a conference between a first participant and a second participant. The conference exhibits an exchange of a first type of media between the participants. A user option is provided to augment the conference with a second type of media corresponding to the first type of media. The second type of media is then generated based on one or more conference parameters in response to the signal. In a more specific embodiment, the second type of media is automatically generated. The first type of media is provided approximately concurrently with the second type of media. The second type of media, which may represent text captions, is then selectively provided to one or more participants in the conference based on predetermined preferences.
US07830406B2 LED printer and print control method
An LED printer has a photosensitive drum, a resist roller for feeding a printing medium to the photosensitive drum at a first constant speed, a fixing device for discharging the printing medium from the photosensitive drum at a second constant speed, a separation type LED head arranged zigzag, and a printing control circuit for detecting a position of the printing medium fed by the resist roller or the fixing device and adjusting printing timings of the first portion LED head and the second portion LED head based on the detected position and the LED head interval. The LED printer can normally correct a print length in each of a front end region and a rear end region of a sheet.
US07830404B2 Printer and control method thereof
A printer includes a first print head that performs printing on one side surface of the print medium and a second print head that performs printing on the other side surface of the print medium and abnormality detection sensors that are attached respectively to the first and second print heads. A printer performs control such that in the case where any abnormality is detected in one of the first and second print heads, print data to be printed using one print head in which the abnormality has been detected is printed using the other print head which is normally operating.
US07830403B2 Image-forming device
An image-forming device includes a conveying unit and a pattern data generating unit. The conveying unit conveys a target in a conveying direction, the target having a target light reflectance. The pattern data generating unit generates pattern data indicating a pattern in which a plurality of marks is arranged in the conveying direction. The plurality of marks includes a first mark having a first color and a first light reflectance and a plurality of second marks having a plurality of second colors and a plurality of second light reflectance. The plurality of second colors is equal to or different from one another. The plurality of second light reflectance is equal to or different from one another. A first difference between the target light reflectance and the first light reflectance is greater than a second difference between the target light reflectance and any of the plurality of second light reflectance. At least one of first distances between the first mark and the marks adjacent to the first mark is greater than a minimum distance between the adjacent second marks.
US07830402B2 Image forming apparatus and image write start position adjusting method for the same
A high-quality image forming apparatus that is capable of accurately adjusting the size and position of an image during image formation on a second surface of a transfer material, even when there has been expansion/contraction of the transfer material due to thermal fixing after image formation on a first surface thereof, to thereby avoid image displacement during two-sided image formation and multiple image formation. A pulse adjusting section sets a second number of pulses of the image clock corresponding to a distance from BD signal detector to the write start position of the latent image during image formation on the second surface, to a number of pulses different from a first number of pulses of the image clock corresponding to a distance from the horizontal synchronization signal detecting device to the write start position of the latent image during image formation on the first surface, based on the first number of pulses of the image clock during image formation on the first surface, in accordance with an expansion/contraction ratio of the transfer material after fixing of the image on the first surface.
US07830398B2 Image input unit and image input method
The invention is characterized by the fact that an area sensor for outputting an analog signal responsive to the light reception amount of light of CMYG is used and when CMYG image data is converted into RGB image data, RGB image data having a domain also in negative values is generated without performing processing of putting the RGB image data into values of 0 or more, without decreasing the information amount of the CMYG image data. Further, the invention is characterized by the fact that when the image data is recorded in a file section 16 finally as a JPEG file, the pixel data of each color of YCbCr is represented as data type of eight bits and the information amount per pixel is 24 bits for recording more color information without increasing the memory capacity.
US07830393B2 Device, method, and integrated circuit for rectangular image drawing
In the case where a previous character (P1) is cleared on a screen (20) and a new character (P2) is displayed on the right of the previous one, first, image data to be transferred (P2) is prepared in a source image memory. Next, a write start address (W) is set at the head of a bit sequence of a left clearance width (LC)×BPP, which precedes the destination address (T) of a frame buffer into which the head (S) of the image data (P2) is to be written. After that, a series of burst transfer repeatedly copies clearance data held in a register into a region of the left clearance width (LC), starting from the write start address (W), and subsequently writes one line (a transfer width (W1)×BPP) of the image data (P2). The write start address is incremented by a frame width (FW)×BPP.
US07830392B1 Connecting multiple pixel shaders to a frame buffer without a crossbar
The number of crossbars in a graphics processing unit is reduced by assigning each of a plurality of pixels to one of a plurality of pixel shaders based at least in part on a location of each of the plurality of pixels within an image area, generating an attribute value for each of the plurality of pixels using the plurality of pixel shaders, mapping the attribute value of each of the plurality of pixels to one of a plurality of memory partitions, and storing the attribute values in the memory partitions according to the mapping. The attribute value generated by a particular one of the pixel shaders is mapped to the same one of the plurality of memory partitions.
US07830390B2 Color computation of pixels using a plurality of vertex or fragment shader programs
A plurality of vertex or fragment processors on a graphics processor perform computations. Each vertex or fragment processor is capable of executing a separate program to compute a specific result. A combiner manages the combination of the results from the respective processors, and produces a final transformed vertex or pixel value. The vertex or fragment processors and the combiner can be programmable to modify their operations. As such, the vertex or fragment processors can operate in a parallel or serial configuration, or both. The combiner manages and resolves the operations of the serial and/or parallel configurations. A synchronization barrier enables the combiner to perform data-dependency analysis to determine the timing and ordering of the respective processors' execution. A transformation module can include one or more programmable vertex processors that transforms three-dimensional geometric data into fragments. The fragment processors subsequently receive and compute a result for each fragment, which is combined using the combiner to produce the final pixel value.
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