最新美国发明专利第2010-09-14期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US07797755B2	Method to secure the transfer of a data stream, corresponding computer program product, storage means and nodes In a method for securing the transfer of a data stream from a sender device to at least one receiver device, through a network comprising a plurality of nodes connected to one another by a plurality of links, the sender device is connected to an input node in the network and each receiver device is connected to an output node of the network. The method comprises the following steps: a) the transmission of the data stream to the receiver devices through the associated output nodes; b) the informing of the output nodes by the input node that the transmission or maintaining of transmission of the data stream, in clear (i.e. non-encrypted) form necessitates the authentication of the output nodes; c) the reception by the input node of at least one authentication request sent by at least one of said output nodes; d) the authentication by the input node of the output nodes that are destination nodes of the data streams; e) the transmission of the data stream in clear form to, at most, the authenticated output nodes and the stopping of the transmission of the data stream to the other output nodes.
US07797754B2	Dynamic control of authorization to access internet services A system for managing authorization to access Internet services. A session object is created when a user logs onto a web site. The session object includes authorization-privilege information for N services. The user selects the service desired from the web site, at which point the server checks the session object. If the session object does not include authorization to access the selected service, the server consults a directory service. If the user is authorized according to the directory service, authorization-to-access information is incorporated into the session object. When authorization is conditional, a listener object is created within the session object. The listener object registers with a broadcast object and receives information germane to conditions of authorization. The listener object analyzes the information according to conditions of authorization, and terminates access to the selected service when conditions of authorization are not satisfied.
US07797751B1	Nonce structure for storage devices A multiple field nonce particularly suited for use in encryption algorithms associated with data storage has at least one field unique to each data storage device to avoid the possibility of the same nonce value being used to store more than one data string. Additional fields may be based on the number of times at least one encryption key is associated with the storage device and on a number assigned to the particular string of data.
US07797749B2	Defending against worm or virus attacks on networks A combination of more frequent and less frequent security monitoring may be used to defeat worm or virus attacks. At periodic intervals, a risk assessment scan may be implemented to determine whether or not a worm attack has occurred. Prior thereto, an intermediate detection by an anomaly detection agent may determine whether or not a worm attack may have occurred. If a potential worm attack may have occurred, intermediate action, such as throttling of traffic, may occur. Then, at the next risk assessment scan, a determination may be made as to whether the attack is actually occurring and, if so, more effective and performance altering techniques may be utilized to counter the attack.
US07797741B2	System and method for coping with encrypted harmful traffic in hybrid IPv4/IPv6 networks Provided are a system and method for coping with encrypted harmful traffic in hybrid IPv4/IPv6 networks. The system includes: an encryption key manager collecting encryption key information from a user terminal connected to the hybrid IPv4/IPv6 networks, and storing and managing the information in an encryption key database; an encryption traffic collector collecting encrypted traffic from traffic in the hybrid IPv4/IPv6 networks; an encryption key searcher searching for an encryption key used to decrypt the encrypted traffic from the encryption key database using a source IP address and a destination IP address of the encrypted traffic; a harmful traffic determiner decrypting the encrypted traffic using the encryption key and determining whether the decrypted traffic is harmful traffic; and an encryption traffic processor, if the decrypted traffic is determined to be harmful traffic, blocking the harmful traffic and, if the decrypted traffic is determined to be normal traffic, encrypting the normal traffic, and transferring the encrypted traffic to a user terminal corresponding to the destination IP address, thereby detecting and blocking an attack pattern using the encrypted harmful traffic in hybrid IPv4/IPv6 networks which cannot be detected by a conventional firewall system and more effectively protecting the networks.
US07797737B2	Security for network-connected vehicles and other network-connected processing environments A method and apparatus provide security for a network-connected vehicle (or other networked environment) in which a predefined set of permitted operations relating to protected resources can be initiated remotely from elsewhere in the network, while security is maintained for the protected resources (for example, an engine performance optimization control unit or air conditioning control unit within a vehicle) by preventing remote initiation of any other operations on a data processing unit which is connected to the protected resources. One of a pair of gateway components runs on each of two data processing units within the vehicle (or other environment), the first processing unit being connected to the vehicle's device control units and the second processing unit being connected to the external network. The gateway components control the types of communications which can be passed from the network-connected side to the first processing unit such that only permitted operations can be requested and no unauthorized operations can be initiated remotely.
US07797719B2	Apparatus and method for interactive digital media content requests A remote user interface transmits a digital media request through a first communication link to a media management control which is coupled by a second communication link to a digital audio-visual playback device for selecting and playing a stored digital media by the playback device. The media management control executes a set of rules applicable to each playback device in determining whether or not a user request will be accepted or rejected for play on a particular playback device.
US07797717B1	Signal processing apparatus and methods A unified system of programming communication. The system encompasses the prior art (television, radio, broadcast hardcopy, computer communications, etc.) and new user specific mass media. Within the unified system, parallel processing computer systems, each having an input (e.g., 77) controlling a plurality of computers (e.g., 205), generate and output user information at receiver stations. Under broadcast control, local computers (73, 205), combine user information selectively into prior art communications to exhibit personalized mass media programming at video monitors (202), speakers (263), printers (221), etc. At intermediate transmission stations (e.g., cable television stations), signals in network broadcasts and from local inputs (74, 77, 97, 98) cause control processors (71) and computers (73) to selectively automate connection and operation of receivers (53), recorder/players (76), computers (73), generators (82), strippers (81), etc. At receiver stations, signals in received transmissions and from local inputs (225, 218, 22) cause control processors (200) and computers (205) to automate connection and operation of converters (201), tuners (215), decryptors (224), recorder/players (217), computers (205), furnaces (206), etc. Processors (71, 200) meter and monitor availability and usage of programming.
US07797716B2	Recording apparatus and recording reservation processing method A recording apparatus is disclosed which includes first through n-th recording means for recording input broadcast contents to a recording medium. When a user designates a reservation of a broadcast content recording, the apparatus automatically selects one of the recording means so as to make the recording reservation to the selected recording means. If any such recording means cannot be selected automatically, i.e., if recording reservations have already been made to all recording means for a time slot corresponding to the reservation desired to be made anew, then the user is asked to select particular recording means for the reservation. A recording reservation made to one recording means may be switched automatically to another recording means as needed. That is, any recording reservation after being made may be switched from one recording means to another before actual execution of the recording, in order to reflect the status of other recording reservations that have been made since. These arrangements enhance the user's ease of operation and help to build an advantageous setup for recording reservation management.
US07797715B2	Method of providing user information-based search using get—data operation in TV anytime metadata service The present invention provides a method of providing a user information-based search using a get_Data operation in TV-ANYTIME service. In the user information-based search provision method of the present invention, a user information (PersonalInformation) element is added as an element of the get_Data operation. A request message of the get_Data operation is received. User information is extracted from the user information (PersonalInformation) element in response to reception of the request message. A user information-based search is conducted using the extracted user information. Results of the user information-based search are transmitted using a response message of the get_Data operation. Accordingly, the present invention is advantageous in that a client provides user information to a service provider using a get_Data operation, and the service provider can search for contents suitable for each user in consideration of the user information.
US07797714B1	Information processing apparatus for searching broadcast program and method therefore When a viewer (listener) wants to search a particular broadcast programs on a receiver, a keyword search processing is executed to an EPG (Electronic Program Guide) data. In this case, a search key for the keyword search processing is able to be registered by selecting a user preference keyword among EPG data displayed on a monitor screen of the receiver. Upon selecting user preference keywords, the viewer (listener) controls a cursor by a remote commander, and thus selected user preference keywords can be stored in a memory of the receiver. These user preference keywords in the memory are used as search key for searching favorite programs among daily updated EPG data.
US07797713B2	GUI with dynamic thumbnail grid navigation for internet TV An Internet-enabled TV can display thumbnails of audio-video content available from an Internet server for selecting content to be displayed on the TV by a user manipulating a remote control. Internet information loading rules and thumbnail navigation rules are disclosed.
US07797712B2	Information system A system and method for displaying an electronic program schedule guide is provided. The system has areas for displaying program schedule information. In addition, the system also has areas that may be used for advertising programs, products or services. In another embodiment, the system has areas for displaying messages to the user.
US07797711B2	Graphical user interface for a device having multiple input and output nodes A graphical user interface (GUI) is described. The GUI includes first GUI elements that provide a visual representation of the nodes of an audio/video device. In response to user input, a signal is caused to be routed between nodes by manipulating circuitry within the audio/video device. Second GUI elements provide a visual representation of the signals being routed within the electronic device between pairs of first GUI elements (e.g., between nodes). As a result, the user can readily understand which nodes are connected to each other. Thus, for example, a user can easily visualize which source node is providing input to a target node and, by selecting the appropriate GUI elements, can just as easily switch from one source to another or from one target to another.
US07797709B2	Automatic connection and query management A method for accessing data from a network storage medium is disclosed. An application supplies a query interface to a software object. The software object then establishes a connection between the application and the network storage medium using database information supplied by the query interface. Next, an annotated method supplied by the query interface is executed using logic provided by the software object. After the transactions have ended, the annotated method closes the connection between the application and the network storage medium.
US07797708B2	Simulating actions on mockup business objects Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for simulating business object behavior with a mockup object. In one exemplary embodiment, the method may include receiving a name of the mockup object for which to perform a specified action on, wherein the mockup object comprises one or more nodes, and receiving the action to be performed on the mockup object. The method may also include determining whether the action can be performed on the mockup object based on a set of conditions defining the status of the mockup object, and performing the action based on the determining step.
US07797704B2	System and method for performing work by one of plural threads using a lockable resource According to at least one embodiment, a method comprises a first thread desiring to perform work using a resource. The first thread determines whether another thread holds a lock on the resource, and if another thread (“blocking thread”) holds a lock on the resource, the work is transferred to the blocking thread for performance of the work by the blocking thread using the resource.
US07797701B1	Method and apparatus for detecting a bit sequence in a data stream Method and apparatus for detecting a bit sequence in a data stream is described. In one example, a first memory is configured to process pairs of bit-patterns in the data stream to provide respective pairs of codes from a code table stored in said first memory. A second memory is configured to process pairs of codes from the first memory to provide combination codes from a combination code table stored in the second memory. A third memory is configured to generate detection data in response to a sequence of the combination codes output from the second memory. The first, second, and third memories may be dual-port synchronous memories, such as block random access memory embedded in an integrated circuit. The data stream may be a serial digital interface (SDI) data stream and the bit sequence may be a timing reference signal.
US07797690B2	System, method and program product to optimize code during run time System, process and program product for optimizing a computer program during run time. During run time, a determination is made whether the computer program calls a method which includes a conditional evaluation of a variable which is fixed and the evaluation of the fixed variable does not result in anything productive being accomplished except to return to execution of the computer program. If so, the call to the method which includes the conditional evaluation is deleted from the computer program for subsequent iterations of the computer program. Consequently, the subsequent execution of the computer program will yield a same result as if the conditional evaluation was executed. If the evaluation of the fixed variable results in something productive being accomplished, the call to the method which includes the conditional evaluation is not deleted from the subsequent execution of the computer program.
US07797683B2	Decoupling the number of logical threads from the number of simultaneous physical threads in a processor Systems and methods of managing threads provide for supporting a plurality of logical threads with a plurality of simultaneous physical threads in which the number of logical threads may be greater than or less than the number of physical threads. In one approach, each of the plurality of logical threads is maintained in one of a wait state, an active state, a drain state, and a stall state. A state machine and hardware sequencer can be used to transition the logical threads between states based on triggering events and whether or not an interruptible point has been encountered in the logical threads. The logical threads are scheduled on the physical threads to meet, for example, priority, performance or fairness goals. It is also possible to specify the resources that are available to each logical thread in order to meet these and other, goals. In one example, a single logical thread can speculatively use more than one physical thread, pending a selection of which physical thread should be committed.
US07797680B2	Method and framework for test case management In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method may include obtaining a list of active life cycle test objects in a test run from a life cycle test object controller, and obtaining a list of active central activity test objects in the test run from a central activity test object controller. While a test period remains in the test run, the method may continue selecting a next test period, requesting the test step initialization controller initialize the next test period, requesting all central activity test objects associated with the next test period to execute their beginning central activities, requesting all life cycle test objects associated with the next test period to execute their test activities, and requesting all central activity test objects associated with the next test period to execute their ending central activities.
US07797678B2	Automatic generation of license package for solution components A license package generator for use with a solution builder tool having behavioral model instances for system solution components, the instances being configured by behavioral and interface parameters by user inputs, the package generator accessing and obtaining a license code for each configured behavioral model instance for which a license is available in a data repository, creating or modifying an electronic license information package file to include list of license numbers associated with the license codes and notes selected regarding license serial number, a software package enabling code, a software package unlocking code, a granting source of a license, a component feature description, and an issue date of a license, and storing the electronic license package file stored in a computer memory.
US07797671B2	Layered object based software architecture for statechart-centric embedded device controllers A computer software architecture for an embedded computer system. The architecture includes a hierarchy of software object classes. One classification contains object tables which capture device control law behavior expressed in statecharts. Another contains objects which collaborate to function as a logic engine for processing statechart information encoded into object tables. In order to promote reusability, the architecture is layered in increasing levels of system abstraction.
US07797668B2	Method for optimally converting a circuit design into a semiconductor device A method for converting a circuit design into a semiconductor device includes the following steps. A first set of deign information is provided for representing the circuit design. Priority design information, which represents a priority portion of the circuit design, is extracted from the first set of design information. The priority design information is processed for generating a second set of design information. The semiconductor device is fabricated based on the first and second sets of design information. The second set of design information contains enhanced fabrication conditions as opposed to those of the first set of design information for optimizing the conversion of the circuit design into the semiconductor device.
US07797667B1	Hardware acceleration of functional factoring A hardware accelerator factors functions during the compilation of a user design. The hardware accelerator includes cofactor units, each adapted to determine a cofactor of a function in response to a specified factorization and a set of input values. The factorization specifies the constant function inputs and varying function inputs. Each cofactor unit determines the cofactor of the function in response to a different constant value. The hardware accelerator operates all of the cofactor units simultaneously to determine some or all of the cofactors of a function for a factorization in parallel. Signature generators determine attributes of the cofactors. A signature analyzer uses these attributes to identify identical cofactors, constant cofactors, and inverse cofactors. The signature analyzer returns potentially optimal factorizations to compilation software applications for possible incorporation into user designs. The hardware accelerator may be implemented using a programmable device, such as the FPGA or other programmable device.
US07797664B2	System for configuring an integrated circuit and method thereof With respect to the reconfigurable integrated circuit, a system for configuring an integrated circuit and a configuration method thereof which do not need a circuit overhead for variation correction and diagnosis of variation are provided. A system for configuring an integrated circuit comprises a reconfigurable integrated circuit 101, a memory device for configuring 102 which holds a plurality of different circuit configurations to be realized on the reconfigurable integrated circuit, the circuit configurations having identical functions but having different performance depending on different probability variables, memory device for testing 103 which holds test data to be achieved by the circuit configuration for the respective function, and a test device 104 for performing a test based on the test data.
US07797663B2	Conductive dome probes for measuring system level multi-GHZ signals Methods and apparatus for accessing a high speed signal routed on a conductive trace on an internal layer of a printed circuit board (PCB) using high density interconnect (HDI technology) are provided. The conductive trace may be coupled to a microvia (μVia) having a conductive dome disposed above the outer layer pad of the μVia. In-circuit test (ICT) fixtures or high speed test probes may interface with the conductive dome to test the high speed signal with decreased reflection loss and other parasitic effects when compared to conventional test points utilizing plated through-hole (PTH) technology.
US07797660B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit for controlling substrate bias A semiconductor integrated circuit device which is improved in wiring efficiency and area efficiency. Metal layers having respective portions protruding out from an N-type diffusion layer and a P-type diffusion layer in plan view toward respective sides of the diffusion layers opposed to each other are formed over the N-type diffusion layer and the P-type diffusion layer, respectively, and contact portions are formed over the upper surfaces of the protruding portions of the metal layers such that they extend parallel to a power supply line and a ground voltage line. This produces empty spaces over the regions of the upper surfaces of the metal layers, which makes it possible to arrange a large number of conductive traces, and enhance wiring efficiency and space efficiency.
US07797657B2	Parameter ordering for multi-corner static timing analysis A method and system for decreasing processing time in multi-corner static timing analysis. In one embodiment, parameters are ordered in a parameter order by decreasing magnitude of impact on variability of timing. In one example, a decreasing parameter order is utilized to order slack cutoff values that are assigned across a parameter process space. In another example, a decreasing parameter order is utilized to perform a multi-corner timing analysis on one or more dependent parameters in an independent fashion.
US07797651B1	Verifying design isolation using bitstreams A computer-implemented method of verifying electrical isolation of portions of a circuit design for a programmable integrated circuit (IC) can include translating a circuit design into a circuit design bitstream specifying a plurality of regions, wherein the regions are to be isolated from one another. Routing resources of the programmable IC that are not used by the circuit design can be identified. A fence bitstream can be generated that specifies the unused routing resources. The circuit design bitstream can be compared with the fence bitstream. An indication of whether the plurality of regions of the programmable IC are isolated can be output according to the comparison.
US07797646B2	Method for using mixed multi-Vt devices in a cell-based design A method is disclosed for utilizing mixed low threshold voltage (low-Vt) and high threshold voltage (high-Vt) devices in a cell-based design such that a tradeoff of both the circuit speed and power performance may be achieved. Using cells having non-uniform threshold devices for designing circuit, the speed or/and power optimization is comparable to fully custom designs.
US07797645B2	System and method for displaying full product functionality using minimal user interface footprint A sidebar UI of an application program provides access to the application program's functionality while occupying a reduced amount of real estate on the screen when compared to conventional UIs. The sidebar UI comprises an icon or multiple icons, and each icon references a pane that provides its user the ability to access and utilize a function and/or feature of the application program. Selecting an icon in the sidebar UI causes the referenced pane which provides access to, for example, a feature of the application program to be displayed on the screen. “Clicking off” the pane causes the pane to close.
US07797636B2	System and method for administering pluggable user interactive system applications Systems and methods are described that allow for multiple pluggable user interactive system (UIS) applications to be added or removed from a UIS system while maintaining controlled access by users to each currently available application. Users can access the system using multimedia connections, such as voice, text, video, web, etc., and users have access to certain subsets of the available applications depending on their identity. In addition, users can define their own preferences, which places restrictions on which applications they can access from which media. In operation, the system provides the access restrictions and navigation for the applications outside of the application structure.
US07797631B2	Document printing control apparatus and method A document printing control apparatus determines, when an output paper size is set by a keyboard operation, block sizes of individual blocks from the output paper size. The apparatus determines the size of an output area and font size from the block sizes determined, and places the output area and characters with the sizes determined. After placing the characters in the output area, followed by editing a layout, the apparatus places the output area and characters according to the edited layout. The apparatus can carry out the scaling of the sizes of the output area and font according to the sizes of the output area and font determined.
US07797627B2	Method and apparatus for providing a graphical user interface for creating and editing a mapping of a first structural description to a second structural description A method, apparatus, and computer program product for providing a graphical user interface for creating and editing a mapping of structured information to different structured information, which allows a user to interactively define the mapping. The present invention operates as a user tool by accepting interactive input from a user of a source input, processing the input to display the source input in a format for accepting user commands to create or edit a transformation map of source components to target components. Interactive user input is accepted for selection of an input file to be transformed and selection of a transformation map for the requested transformation. Interactive user input is accepted for processing for selection of individual components of the first structured information format for mapping, and for selection of options for the target components.
US07797624B2	Automated paragraph layout Methods and apparatus for calculating paragraph layout. A method begins with a first node in a paragraph and calculates an optimal line break scheme for paragraph layout that ended in the node. For every subsequent node in the paragraph, the method calculates an optimal line break scheme for paragraph layout that ends respectively in every subsequent node. Each optimal line break scheme is calculated by minimizing the total of a penalty value of a current line and all preceding penalties of all preceding lines. The preceding penalties of all preceding lines are defined by a previously calculated optimal line break scheme.
US07797621B1	Method and system for altering data during navigation between data cells A method for altering data in a first data cell during a navigation between the first cell and a second data cell includes: (a) a user selecting the first cell; (b) the user indicating navigation from the first cell to a second cell; (c) posing a query to the user inquiring whether the user wants to alter a first element in the first cell for transfer to the second cell; (d) if the user desires to alter, providing an opportunity for the user to indicate a desired alteration; (e) the user entering an factor for the alteration; (f) employing the factor for the alteration to generate a first altered element and a second altered element; and (g) before the user effects completion of the navigation, entering the first altered element in the first cell and entering the second altered element in the second cell.
US07797616B2	Virtual display driver A virtual display driver that can be dynamically loaded and unloaded for remote control of a host computing system. The host computing system includes an original display driver that updates an output display of the computing system based on display commands. A remote control executive executes in kernel-mode within an operating environment provided by the computing system and dynamically loads and unloads the virtual display driver as requested by a user. The remote control executive inserts hooks within the functions provided by the original display driver to trap the display commands received by the original display driver and direct the commands to the virtual display driver for communication to a remote client computer.
US07797615B2	Utilizing variable-length inputs in an inter-sequence permutation turbo code system The present invention relates to an inter-sequence permutation (ISP) encoder. The ISP encoder comprises: a receiving means to receive an information bit sequence input; a first outputting means for outputting a first code bit output; a second outputting means for outputting a second code bit sequence output; a bit-adding means coupled to the receiving means, the bit-adding means processing the received information bit sequence input prior to any subsequent processing in the ISP encoder; a first convolutional code encoder coupled between the bit-adding means and the first outputting means; a second convolutional code encoder; and an inter-sequence permutation interleaver coupled between the bit-adding means and the second convolutional code encoder. The second convolutional code encoder is coupled between the inter-sequence permutational interleaver and the second outputting means. Further, the ISP encoder comprises a third outputting means coupled to the bit-adding means to output a third code bit output or directly coupled to the receiving means. Alternatively, the ISP encoder comprises a fourth outputting means coupled to the inter-sequence permutation interleaver to output a fourth code bit sequence output.
US07797613B1	Digital implementation of an enhanced minsum algorithm for error correction in data communications An iterative error correcting decoder is provided. In one implementation, the iterative error correcting decoder includes an equality constraint node and a parity check node, the parity check node. The parity check node includes parity logic configured to receive input data bits from the equality constraint node and determine a first minimum value and a second minimum value associated with the input data bits using a MinSum algorithm. An enhancement function is performed on the first minimum value and the second minimum value. The enhancement function compares each of the first minimum value and the second minimum value with a first pre-determined constant value, and responsive to the first minimum value and the second minimum value being smaller than the first pre-determined constant value, the enhancement function passes the first minimum value and the second minimum value without any changes as output of the MinSum algorithm.
US07797611B2	Creating an error correction coding scheme and reducing data loss A method for reducing data loss includes a first computing step for computing an intermediate result for each redundancy information entity of a redundancy set by processing respectively associated data information entities of a given data set on at least two main diagonals of a parity check matrix representing an error correction coding scheme. The method further includes a second computing step for computing the information content of the respective redundancy information entity dependent on the respective intermediate result.
US07797609B2	Apparatus and method for merging data blocks with error correction code protection An apparatus and method for selectively deriving Error Correction Codes (ECCs) or other data integrity information for integration into merged data blocks. First data is merged into second data that is error-protected using an ECC generated by a coding algorithm. Bytes or other data units are identified in the first data to be merged into the second data. It is determined whether each of the check bits of the ECC will differ from its original state in response to merging the first and second data. The check bits of the ECC that have been determined to differ from their respective original states are modified to create a “merged ECC.” The resulting data block includes the merged data and the merged ECC.
US07797607B2	DTV transmitter and method of coding main and enhanced data in DTV transmitter A DTV transmitter includes a pre-processor pre-processing enhanced data, a data formatter generating enhanced data packets including the pre-processed enhanced data, and a multiplexer multiplexing the enhanced data packets with main data packets. The transmitter further includes an RS encoder RS-coding the multiplexed packets by adding systematic RS parity data to each main data packet and by adding non-systematic RS parity place holders to each enhanced data packet, and a data interleaver interleaving the RS-coded packets. The non-systematic RS parity place holders are placed after the enhanced data within each interleaved enhanced data packet, and a sequence of known data place holders is periodically included in the interleaved enhanced data packets.
US07797603B2	Low power decompression of test cubes Disclosed below are representative embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems used to generate test patterns for testing integrated circuits. Embodiments of the disclosed technology can be used to provide a low power test scheme and can be integrated with a variety of compression hardware architectures (e.g., an embedded deterministic test (“EDT”) environment). Certain embodiments of the disclosed technology can reduce the switching rates, and thus the power dissipation, in scan chains with no hardware modification. Other embodiments use specialized decompression hardware and compression techniques to achieve low power testing.
US07797600B2	Method and apparatus for testing a ring of non-scan latches with logic built-in self-test A method and apparatus for loading a ring of non-scan latches for a logic built-in self-test. A logic built-in self-test value is loaded into a scannable latch from the logic built-in self-test. An override control signal is asserted in response to loading the logic built-in self-test value into the scannable latch. A non-scan latch is forced to load the logic built-in self-test value from the scannable latch in response to asserting the override control signal. Logic paths in the ring of non-scan latches are exercised. The non-scan latch is part of the logical paths. The test results are captured from the logic paths and the test results are compared against expected test results to determine if the logic paths within the ring of non-scan latches are functioning properly.
US07797598B1	Dynamic timer for testbench interface synchronization A method of evaluating a design under test (DUT) can include executing a testbench involving the DUT and, during execution of the testbench, estimating an amount of time needed to perform a first transaction with the device under test according to resolved variables. The method also can include setting a timer with the estimated amount of time needed to perform the first transaction and invoking the first transaction with the device under test. Responsive to expiration of the timer, an indication as to whether the first transaction completed execution can be provided.
US07797594B1	Built-in self-test of 3-dimensional semiconductor memory arrays A method and apparatus for testing a three dimensional (3D) memory including a static array and an active array. The method is performed by a memory built-in self-test (MBIST) controller, and includes writing data to the static array, transferring data from the static array to the active array, and reading data from the active array. The method further includes, in a plurality of subsequent cycles, writing data to the static array; transferring data from static array to the active array, and reading data from the active array, wherein said writing data for each subsequent cycle is performed concurrently with reading data for a previous cycle.
US07797590B2	Consensus testing of electronic system Consensus testing of electronic system. A tester (112) for testing an electronic system (100) includes: a traffic interface (114) to receive traffic (102) from a test of an electronic system (100); an element comparator (118) to extract a value from an element of the traffic (102) and to compare the extracted element value with an element value (110) obtained from another test of another electronic system (104, 106, 108); and a test result generator (122) to generate consensus information (124) on the interoperability of the electronic system (100), based on comparing (120) the extracted element values of the electronic system (100) with the element values obtained from the other test of the other electronic system (104, 106, 108).
US07797588B2	Mechanism to provide software guaranteed reliability for GSM operations In a global shared memory (GSM) environment, an initiating task at a first node with a host fabric interface (HFI) uses epochs to provide reliability of transmission of packets via a network fabric to a target task. The HFI generates a packet for the initiating task addressed to the target task, and automatically inserts a current epoch of the initiating task into the packet. A copy of the current epoch is maintained by the target task, which accepts for processing only packets having the correct epoch, unless the packet is tagged for guaranteed-once delivery. When a packet delivery is accepted, the target task sends a notification to the initiating task. If the initiating task does not receive the notification of delivery for the issued packet, the initiating task updates the epoch at both the target node and the initiating node and re-transmits the packet.
US07797580B2	Determining that a routine has stalled A system is disclosed that can determine whether a routine is stalled. The system does not require the developer of the routine to add code for the purpose of detecting whether the routine is stalled. Furthermore, the system can be used to monitor various routines at different levels of granularity, such as at the thread level, method level, or other levels. One embodiment of the present invention allows a user to specify a method and an expected time frame. Code for that method is modified to add additional code that implements a timing mechanism. The timing mechanism is used to detect when a thread enters that method and does not return within an approximation of the expected time frame. Other embodiments are also within the scope of the present invention.
US07797579B2	Method and system for identifying unsafe synthetic transactions and modifying parameters for automated playback A method, apparatus, and computer instructions for identifying unsafe synthetic transactions and modifying parameters for automated playback. Bytecode instrumentation is used to dynamically observe the behavior of application code directly and identify each universal resource locator traversed and parameters passed in a transaction. The bytecode instrumentation may determine, based on the parameters passed, that a parameter in the current transaction is an unsafe parameter, and that the unsafe parameter is associated with a test parameter in a previously overridden transaction. If the unsafe parameter has an associated test parameter, the bytecode instrumentation may dynamically override the unsafe parameter in the current transaction with the test parameter in order to make the transaction safe for synthetic playback. In this manner, transactions may be scheduled for playback as usual, and the bytecode insertion methods ensure that the unsafe parameters in the transactions are automatically overridden for the user.
US07797575B2	Triple voting cell processors for single event upset protection In a system for operating three address concentrating processors, a common clock signal is transmitted to each of the three address concentrating processors. A common data unit is transmitted simultaneously to each of the three address concentrating processors. A received data unit is received simultaneously from each of the three address concentrating processors. Each of the received data units are compared to each other. An error correcting routine is activated when the data units received from the three address concentrating processors are not all identical.
US07797562B2	Electronic device with serial ATA interface and power saving method for serial ATA buses In an electronic device with a serial ATA interface, upon detection of the issue or reception of a preset command, a confirmation device, such as a CPU, confirms the completion of execution of the command. Upon confirming the completion of execution of the command, a controller, which may also be the CPU, controls shifting of the serial ATA interface to a power saving mode.
US07797560B2	System and method for integrated temperature measurement in power over Ethernet applications A system and method for integrated thermal monitoring in Power over Ethernet (PoE) applications. Headroom in a particular cable installation is identified using ambient temperature measurement alone or in combination with determined cable characteristics. In calculating an amount of headroom for a particular cable installation, the current capable of being carried over the cable would not be limited by worst-case cable assumptions.
US07797552B2	Method and apparatus for controlling paired operation of a conditional access module and an integrated receiver and decoder A method and apparatus that selectively pairs a receiver (132) configured to receive a media program encrypted according to a media encryption key and a conditional access module. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a security module (508) for receiving and modifying the media encryption key, and a transport module (412), comprising a decryptor (524) for decrypting the media program. The media encryption key has a portion indicating a first state in which the media program is to be viewable by a set of receivers or a second state in which the media program is to be viewable only by a subset of the set of receivers.
US07797549B2	Secure method and system for biometric verification There is a need in the computer software and data industries to protect content from unauthorized access to private information. Alphanumeric passwords have been shown to offer very weak protection. Biometrics (personal traits such as fingerprints and hand-written signatures) offer superior protection, but still have a number of weaknesses. The most significant weakness is that there is no existing way to protect the stored biometric data itself; and once a person's fingerprint data has been obtained by an attacker, the use of that fingerprint can no longer be considered secure. The invention solves the problem by securing the access software application that manages the biometric data using tamper-resistant encoding techniques. These tamper-resistant encoding techniques include: data-flow, control-flow, mass-data and white-box encoding.
US07797547B2	Information processing apparatus and method of controlling authentication process According to one embodiment, an information processing apparatus includes a main body, a first authentication unit which performs a first authentication process to authenticate a user when the main body is powered on, a second authentication unit which performs a second authentication process to authenticate the user after the user is authenticated in the first authentication process, and an authentication skip control unit which skips the first authentication process until a given time period elapses since the user is last authenticated in the second authentication process.
US07797546B2	Portable storage device for storing and accessing personal data A method of securely storing and accessing personal data (26) relating to an individual (28), said personal data constituting a personal data record, is described. The method comprises: coupling a portable data storage device (42) to a computing device (12) for data transfer between them, the storage device carrying an encrypted personal data record (38) and a decryption means (40) for decrypting the personal data record upon provision of a key (36) not stored on the storage device (42); accessing the personal data record on the storage device (42) and running the decryption means (40) on the computing device (12) to decrypt the personal data record upon input of the key (36) to the computing device; and displaying the decrypted personal data (26) by means of the computing device.
US07797544B2	Attesting to establish trust between computer entities To establish trust between first and second entities, the first entity sends an attestation message to the second entity, including a code ID, relevant data, a digital signature based on the code ID and data, and a certificate chain. The second entity verifies the signature and decides whether to in fact enter into a trust-based relationship with the first entity based on the code ID and the data in the attestation message. Upon so deciding, the second entity sends a trust message to the first entity, including a secret to be shared between the first and second entities. The first entity obtains the shared secret in the trust message and employs the shared secret to exchange information with the second entity.
US07797543B1	Systems and methods for authenticating an electronic message Systems and methods are disclosed for authenticating electronic messages. A data structure is generated by a computer server which allows for the authentication of the contents and computer server identity of a received electronic message and provides a trusted stamp to authenticate when the message was sent. Data which can authenticate the message, the computer server identity, and the time the message was sent is included into a data structure which is called an Electronic PostMark (EPM).
US07797541B2	Method and apparatus for providing cellular telephone service using an authenticating cellular telephone device A smart chip protection system contains a unique public/private identity key pair and uses a separate public/private signature key pair. The internally stored identity private key can not be read outside the chip. An issuing entity generates a descriptor containing the identity public key, attribute data, and a digital signature of the two, using a signature private key known only to the issuer. The authenticity of the descriptor is verified by decrypting the signature using the signature public key, and comparing the result to source data. An object's identity can be verified by requesting the smart chip to perform a data transformation using its identity private key, and performing the complement using the public key. An exemplary embodiment is a cellular telephone, in which a service provider verifies identity of the telephone and correct signature as a condition to providing service.
US07797539B2	Resilient cryptographic scheme A method for communicating information between at least a pair of correspondents, the method comprising the steps of each of the correspondents selecting a plurality of cryptographic algorithms known to each of the correspondents. One of the correspondents applies the algorithms in a predetermined manner to a message for producing a set of processed information. The set of processed information is transmitted to the other correspondent. The other correspondent applies complimentary operations of the cryptographic schemes in accordance with the predetermined manner for deriving information related to the message from the processed information.
US07797532B2	Device authentication system Disclosed herein is a device authentication system capable of authenticating devices efficiently using the common key system. When a CE device requests service offerings from a service server, the service server in turn requests the CE device to be authenticated by a device authentication server. Given the request, the CE device causes the device authentication server to perform device authentication on that device and transmits the result of the device authentication to the service server. Upon receipt of the device authentication result from the CE device, the service server causes the device authentication server to check that the authentication has been performed correctly and then starts offering services to the CE device. The CE device and device authentication server share a pass phrase, and each of the two parties checks that the other party indeed retains the pass phrase for mutual authentication.
US07797525B2	Operating system installation A programmable electronic device automatically identifies at least a portion of a system configuration for the programmable electronic device and automatically generates an image request based at least in part on the identified system configuration. The programmable electronic device transmits the image request over one or more networks to a server, receives an image of operating system software, and installs the received image.
US07797522B2	Meta attributes of system configuration elements A method and apparatus for meta attributes of system configuration elements. An embodiment of a method includes obtaining an attribute for a property for a configuration setting. The attribute includes a requirement regarding the property for the configuration setting. A value is resolved for the setting. The resolution of the value of the setting includes following the requirement of the attribute.
US07797520B2	Early branch instruction prediction A data processing apparatus including a prefetch unit for prefetching the instructions from a memory, branch prediction logic and a branch target cache for storing predetermined information about branch operations executed by the processor. The information includes identification of an instruction specifying a branch operation, a target address for said branch operation and a prediction as to whether said branch operation is taken or not. The prefetch unit accesses said branch target cache at least one clock cycle prior to fetching an instruction from said memory, to determine if there is predetermined information corresponding to said instruction stored within said branch target cache.
US07797517B1	Trace optimization via fusing operations of a target architecture operation set Reference architecture instructions are translated into target architecture operations. Sequences of operations, in a predicted execution order in some embodiments, form traces. In some embodiments, a trace is based on a plurality of basic blocks. In some embodiments, a trace is committed or aborted as a single entity. Sequences of operations are optimized by fusing collections of operations; fused operations specify a same observable function as respective collections, but advantageously enable more efficient processing. In some embodiments, a collection comprises multiple register operations. Fusing a register operation with a branch operation in a trace forms a fused reg-op/branch operation. In some embodiments, branch instructions translate into assert operations. Fusing an assert operation with another operation forms a fused assert operation. In some embodiments, fused operations only set architectural state, such as high-order portions of registers, that is subsequently read before being written.
US07797516B2	Microcontroller with low-cost digital signal processing extensions A set of low-cost microcontroller extensions facilitates Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications by incorporating a Multiply-Accumulate (MAC) unit in a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the microcontroller which is responsive to the extensions.
US07797514B2	Scalable multi-threaded sequencing/synchronizing processor architecture A high performance sequencer/synchronizer controls multiple concurrent data processors and dedicated coprocessors and their interaction with multiple shared memories. This sequencer/synchronizer controls multi-threading access to shared memory.
US07797511B2	Memory refresh system and method A memory device includes a memory array containing a plurality of memory addresses. An input terminal receives a requested one of the memory addresses and a memory controller is configured to refresh a first refresh address in response to a comparison of the received memory address and the first refresh address. In certain embodiments, the first refresh address is refreshed if it does not conflict with the received memory. If the first refresh address and the received memory address conflict, a second refresh address is refreshed. The received memory address is accessed simultaneously with the refresh in exemplary embodiments.
US07797508B2	Fair memory resource control for mapped memory A method, system and computer program product for managing memory allocation among plural virtual application environments supported by a common operating system. The technique may include establishing a mapping between a virtual application environment (or processes therein) and a mapping proxy that is reachable via a reverse mapping pathway adapted to facilitate identification of virtual addresses associated with a memory page frame. The virtual application environment (or processes therein) may be identified as an allocation recipient of the memory page frame by traversing the reversing mapping pathway to the mapping proxy. The memory page frame may be reclaimed for allocation to another virtual application environment by invalidating data therein or transferring the data to a storage resource based upon memory usage by the identified virtual application environment.
US07797506B2	Thermal control of memory modules using proximity information An information handling system includes a processor having access to a system memory. The system is operable to detect a thermal alert and identify an associated portion of system memory. The system may then modify memory allocation information used by an operating system to allocate system memory. When the thermal alert indicates a rising memory module temperature that exceeds a specified threshold, the modification of the memory allocation information causes the memory to appear to be more “distant” from the system processor(s) and thereby allocated less preferentially than other memory. If the temperature continues to rise beyond a higher threshold, a second modification of the memory allocation information is performed to simulate a “hot eject” of the memory module. As the memory module cools, the memory allocation information can be restored to simulate a hot add of the memory module and to restore the proximity of the memory module.
US07797504B2	Device for processing information based on stored identifiers and a working method therof. A device for processing information and the working method of the same are provided. The device for processing information comprises: a memory in which logic for driving a firmware is stored; a connector for connecting the memory to an external device; and a control unit for providing an interface with a host, for communicating with the host through the connector, and for reading and recording data on the memory. The control unit comprises: a first storing device in which a routine for calling the firmware logic stored in the memory is stored; and a processor for executing the firmware logic, stored in the memory, using the routine stored in the first storing device.
US07797502B2	Method to control the access in a flash memory and system for the implementation of such a method A method to control access to a sector of a flash type memory of an electronic module. The method includes receiving a write request to write data to an area of a partition, wherein the partition is located within the sector and, prior to writing to the data, determining whether an owner of the data to be written has write access to the partition of the sector and permission to erase the entire sector in which the partition is located.
US07797499B2	Apparatus, system, and method for uninterrupted storage configuration An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for uninterrupted storage configuration. The apparatus for uninterrupted storage configuration is provided with a plurality of modules configured to functionally execute the steps of generating a temporary location for storage configuration information, saving the storage configuration information to the temporary location, and copying the storage configuration information from the temporary location to a storage medium in response to a determination that the storage medium is physically configurable. In one embodiment, these modules include an initialization module, a storage manager interface, and a storage medium interface. Beneficially, such an apparatus, system, and method would streamline the configuration process, improving the efficiency of a typical storage manager, and allowing a storage system administrator to focus his attention on other tasks.
US07797495B1	Distributed directory cache A system and method for a distributed directory cache in a computing system. A system comprises a plurality of nodes including at least a source node, home node, and one or more target nodes. The source node is configured to convey a request to a home node for a coherency unit, wherein the coherency unit corresponds to a super line which comprises a plurality of coherency units including the requested coherency unit. Prior to conveying the request, the source node is configured to indicate that the request is a non-probing request responsive to determining that none of the plurality of coherency units of the super line are cached in any of the other nodes. In response to receiving the request, the home node is configured to initiate the conveyance of one or more probes to one or more target nodes, if the response does not indicate it is a non-probing request, and inhibit the conveyance of the probes if the request indicates it is a non-probing request.
US07797492B2	Method and apparatus for dedicating cache entries to certain streams for performance optimization A method and apparatus for dedicating cache entries to certain streams for performance optimization are disclosed. The method according to the present techniques comprises partitioning a cache array into one or more special-purpose entries and one or more general-purpose entries, wherein special-purpose entries are only allocated for one or more streams having a particular stream ID.
US07797490B2	Memory card authentication system, memory card host device, memory card, storage area switching method, and storage area switching program A system for authenticating a memory card including: a memory card host device including a plural area authentication module which judges whether the memory card has plural storage areas, and an area switching module which switches a storage area subject to access a different storage area from among plural storage areas; a memory card including plural storage areas, at least one internal register which retains a value indicating the number of storage areas, and a controller which transmits the value indicating the number of the storage areas to the memory card host device; and a bus which transmits and receives data between the memory card host device and the memory card.
US07797483B1	Write interceptor for tracking changes to disk image According to some embodiments, a technique for tracking changes to a disk image is disclosed. The technique comprises tracking a change request associated with a disk block; allowing the change request to pass to a disk driver; and associating the change request with an operating system's persistent storage.
US07797478B2	Data storage apparatus that appropriately revises FDCB information during background formatting A data storage apparatus, including a controller that formats a rewritable recording medium in the background, interrupts the background formatting when a host computer requests to store data in the rewritable recording medium, stores the data in the rewritable recording medium after interrupting the background formatting, revises control information stored in a predetermined region of the rewritable recording medium after storing the data, and resumes the background formatting after revising the control information. The data storage apparatus according can revise control information indicating the address up to which the background formatting has been performed and the address of an unformatted recording region in which user data have been recorded, for example, at an appropriate timing during the background formatting.
US07797477B2	File access method in a storage system, and programs for performing the file access In order to manage the various types of attribute information within the storage system, the storage system includes the following databases within a file-access controlling memory: a database for managing index information for managing contents of the files, and an index retrieval program, a database for managing the attribute information on the files, and a database for managing storage positions of blocks configuring a file. When the storage system receives an access request to a file, the utilization of these databases allows the storage system to make the access to the access-target file.
US07797474B2	Method and apparatus for enhancing universal serial bus applications A system for enhancing universal serial bus (USB) applications comprises an upstream processor, a downstream processor and a main controller. The upstream processor accepts standard USB signals from a USB host and independently provides responses required by USB specification within the required time frame. The downstream processor connectable to USB-compliant devices accepts the USB signals from the USB-compliant devices and provides responses required by USB specification within the required time frame. The main controller interconnects the upstream and downstream processors, and provides timing independence between upstream and downstream timing.
US07797473B2	System for executing system management interrupts and methods thereof An information handling system includes a first processor device to execute a handler in response to a system management interrupt (SMI). While the first processor device executes the SMI handler, a second processor device of the information handling system can continue to execute software and perform other operations in a normal mode. When the first processor device accesses a shared resource in executing the SMI handler, an SMI trap for the shared resource is enabled. In response to the second processor device triggering the SMI trap by accessing the shared resource, the second processor device enters an SMI mode, thereby suspending execution of software and other operations. Accordingly, a second processor device is allowed to continue normal operations while a first processor device executes an SMI handler, improving system efficiency while preventing shared resource conflicts.
US07797469B2	Portable receiver and memory for remotely controlled presentations A computer peripheral connects to a host computer such as a PC to assist in a presentation. The peripheral includes a memory and receiver combined within a portable, lightweight housing. Presentation data is stored in the memory, while the receiver receives wireless signals from a handheld transmitter for paging through slides or other segments of the presentation using page up and page down instructions. The memory may be a USB hard drive, for example, or other portable storage media. The peripheral is connected to the host computer using a USB cable and an externally-accessible port in the housing, for example. A hub controller within the peripheral enables the memory and receiver to communicate with the externally-accessible port, thereby providing communication with the host computer.
US07797468B2	Method and system for achieving fair command processing in storage systems that implement command-associated priority queuing In certain, currently available data-storage systems, incoming commands from remote host computers are subject to several levels of command-queue-depth-fairness-related throttles to ensure that all host computers accessing the data-storage systems receive a reasonable fraction of data-storage-system command-processing bandwidth to avoid starvation of one or more host computers. Recently, certain host-computer-to-data-storage-system communication protocols have been enhanced to provide for association of priorities with commands. However, these new command-associated priorities may lead to starvation of priority levels and to a risk of deadlock due to priority-level starvation and priority inversion. In various embodiments of the present invention, at least one additional level of command-queue-depth-fairness-related throttling is introduced in order to avoid starvation of one or more priority levels, thereby eliminating or minimizing the risk of priority-level starvation and priority-related deadlock.
US07797465B2	Apparatus and methods to reduce frame interrupts in packet-based communication A core of a network includes a storage unit to store a plurality of parameters to receive and transmit data packets in a communication system. A program controls transfer of the data packets between the core and a network node. The plurality of parameters in the storage unit controls the receiving and transmitting.
US07797460B2	Enhanced network system through the combination of network objects Reducing the cost of framing network packets in a virtual machine environment combines certain network objects to eliminate the cost of fully framing packets between the combined objects. In a virtual environment, for example, this allows a virtual NIC in one partition to send only data to a network provider partition and to rely on the latter to frame and route the data. A source network object, destination network object, or an intermediate network object may enable a separate intermediate network object to frame its data so that the network system may take advantage of offload framing when one or more of the intermediate network object's ports has the capacity to offload framing.
US07797458B2	Data synchronous system for synchronizing updated data in a redundant system A data synchronous system synchronizes, between servers each having a shared memory, data which are stored on the respective shared memories. The system includes a data writer which writes data into the shared memory in one of the servers and then generates write state information on the write state of data written in the shared memory; and a data communicator which reads out the written data and positional information about a position on the shared memory of the written data on the basis of the write state information, and transfers the read data and positional information from the one server to another or some other servers.
US07797457B2	Leaderless byzantine consensus The leader server proposing commands or sequences of commands to be executed by a plurality of servers according to an asynchronous consensus algorithm, such as Paxos, is replaced with a synchronous virtual leader agreement algorithm executed by each of the servers. The synchronous agreement algorithm used to determine the virtual leader's actions is called the leader agreement algorithm. The asynchronous consensus agreement algorithm performed by the virtual leader and the servers may be the Paxos algorithm. However, any asynchronous Byzantine agreement algorithm may be used. By replacing the leader in the Paxos consensus algorithm with a synchronous virtual leader agreement algorithm, the Paxos algorithm can survive a Byzantine failure of one or more leader server, as long as the servers are behaving synchronously.
US07797456B2	Information processing apparatus and associated method of transferring grouped content An information processor or personal computer is provided having an operably linked terminal which checks out/in in a content to or from the terminal. A device driver detects that a portable device is connected to the personal computer, and when the device driver detects that the portable device is connected to the personal computer, a start-up program reads contents-related data from the portable device and starts up a display/operation instruction program to provide a display corresponding to the read data.
US07797455B2	Method for document viewing A client-side handheld device requests a server to convert server-side documents into a compression format prior to transmission of said documents to the client. The server retrieves and converts the requested documents to a raster image that is then compressed according to attributes based on information received from the client device in the initial document request. Instead of having to manipulate multiple formats which the original documents are in and supported by the server, the client-side device is preferably optimized in hardware and/or software to support and otherwise take advantage of the requested compression format. The compressed document is then delivered to the client device, in whole or in part, selectively or progressively over time per individual requests prior to displaying the received data to the end-user. Depending on the requested delivery mode, server-side documents are preferably compressed using wavelet compression methods, such as the JPEG 2000 standard, known in the arts. Through such a compression format, documents of sizes (in total bytes) exceeding one or more Megabytes can be compressed down to as small as 30 kilobytes or less.
US07797451B2	A/V stream-forwarding system and method for forwarding A/V streams from data network to IEEE1394 network An A/V stream-forwarding system forwarding A/V streams of a data network to an IEEE 1394 network and a method therefor. The A/V stream-forwarding system has a media server having an interface with the data network and providing the A/V streams; a transcoder receiving the A/V streams provided by the media server through the data-network interface, and transcoding the A/V streams into A/V streams in a predetermined format supported by an IEEE 1394 network; and; a display device receiving and reproducing the A/V streams of the transcoder in the predetermined format that is supported by the IEEE 1394 network. Accordingly, the A/V streams of the data network are converted into A/V streams in a predetermined format that is supported by the IEEE 1394 network, regardless of diverse A/V stream formats, codecs, transmission protocols, transmission control protocols, and so on, of the data network.
US07797445B2	Dynamic network link selection for transmitting a message between compute nodes of a parallel computer Methods, apparatus, and products are disclosed for dynamic network link selection for transmitting a message between nodes of a parallel computer. The nodes are connected using a data communications network. Each node connects to adjacent nodes in the data communications network through a plurality of network links. Each link provides a different data communication path through the network between the nodes of the parallel computer. Such dynamic link selection includes: identifying, by an origin node, a current message for transmission to a target node; determining, by the origin node, whether transmissions of previous messages to the target node have completed; selecting, by the origin node from the plurality of links for the origin node, a link in dependence upon the determination and link characteristics for the plurality of links for the origin node; and transmitting, by the origin node, the current message to the target node using the selected link.
US07797439B2	Cost-aware admission control for streaming media server Systems and methods for managing admission of requests to a streaming media server are provided. In certain embodiments, a method comprises receiving a new request for a streaming file to be served by a media server, and determining a cost to the media server for serving the requested streaming file, wherein the cost corresponds to the media server's resources to be consumed in serving the requested streaming file. The method further comprises determining, based at least in part on the cost, whether to admit the new request for service by the media server. In certain embodiments, a method comprises receiving, at a time Tcur, a new request for a streaming file to be served by a media server, and creating a segment-based model of the media server's memory as of time Tcur. And, based at least in part on the segment-based model of the media server's memory, determining whether to accept the received request for service by the media server.
US07797437B2	Method for handover between heterogeneous communications networks A method, computer program, and computer readable medium are disclosed for maintaining communication between first and second mobile units communicating via first and second communications networks, respectively. The first and second units include, respectively, first and second protocol stacks and first and second session layers, which interface between the first and second protocol stacks and first and second software components acting within the first and second units, respectively. The first unit includes first communications hardware with associated drive routines for different communications networks. When the first unit switches from a first to a third communications network, the first session layer maintains communication by selecting the first communications hardware and drive routine required for the third communications network. The identities of the first and second units are maintained by the first and second session layers and retained during the first unit's switching of communications networks.
US07797436B2	Network intrusion prevention by disabling a network interface Methods, systems, and computer-readable mediums containing programmed instructions are disclosed for detecting an intrusion in a communications network. Data packets processed by a transport layer of a network protocol associated with the communications network are scanned using signatures from a repository of the signatures. A determination is made if the scanned data packets are malicious. One or more actions are taken if any data packets are determined to be malicious. Methods, systems, and computer-readable mediums containing programmed instructions are also disclosed for preventing an intrusion in a communications network.
US07797430B2	Image display system, image display device of image display system, mobile terminal device, connection establishment method of image display system An image display system is disclosed. The image display system includes an image display device forming an image and a mobile terminal device supplying image information to the image display device over a predetermined network, wherein the image display device includes: a storage unit which stores connection information for connecting to the image display device in the predetermined network; an encoding unit which encodes connection information code including the connection information; and a display unit which displays the connection information code or an image including the connection information code, and wherein the mobile terminal device includes: a code acquiring unit which acquires the connection information code from the displayed connection information code or the image including the connection information code; a code analysis unit which analyzes the connection information from the acquired connection information code; and a network connection establishment unit which establishes network connection with the image display device on the basis of the analyzed connection information.
US07797429B2	Method for establishing peer-to-peer connection The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for establishing P2P connection, comprising the steps of: a first terminal initiating connection sends a message to a second terminal to be connected, wherein the message contains the address of the first terminal; the second terminal reads the address of the first terminal initiating connection upon receiving the message, and initiates a P2P connection to the address of the first terminal. The embodiment of the present invention also provides another method for establishing P2P connection, through which both UDP P2P connection and TCP P2P connection can be established. Through the methods provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the terminal to be connected may initiate P2P connection, hence a P2P connection can be initiated by both ends of the connection; furthermore, a P2P connection can be established by using multiple policies through the multiple policy P2P connection establishment method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, thus the P2P connection rate is improved.
US07797427B2	System and method for applying a communication feature extension A system and method for applying a communication feature extension includes facilitating an exchange of requests between an originating endpoint and a terminating endpoint using a first identifier associated with the originating endpoint and a second identifier associated with the terminating endpoint. A modified request is received during the exchange. The modified request includes a new identifier representing a selected one of a modified first identifier and a modified second identifier, and an extension providing information about handling the modified request. The extension included in the modified request is determined and applied.
US07797423B2	Computerized access device with network security A computerized access device useful within a network and adapted to provide communication security. In one embodiment, the network comprises an untrusted network, and the access device comprises stand-alone network security apparatus adapted to create associations with other network security devices on the network. Traffic between the associated devices may be encrypted for e.g., data confidentiality and integrity protection. In one variant, the network security apparatus comprises a software entity disposed at least partly within the software stack of a stand-alone hardware device. In another variant, the device functions as a gateway or portal to another network (e.g., the Internet or another untrusted network), or to another device within the same network.
US07797422B1	Managing audit tables that track switch transactions in a communications-networking environment A method and data structure for monitoring the progression of a configuration transaction through a communications network is provided. The method includes creating an audit trail associated with the switch-transaction progression, iteratively updating the audit trail incident to an occurrence of a designated transaction-processing substep without overwriting previously stored data, and processing the audit trail so that it is available for access via a user interface. Historical data tracking the configuration transaction's process is preserved rather than overwritten.
US07797421B1	Method and system for determining and notifying users of undesirable network content A method and system for determining and notifying users of undesirable network content are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method may include detecting an adverse content event corresponding to a given network information source, where the adverse content event occurs dependent upon activity of a given user with respect to the given network information source. The method may also include reporting the adverse content event with respect to the given network information source, detecting a reference to the given network information source on behalf of a particular user, and in response to detecting the reference, retrieving an indication corresponding to the given network information source, where the indication is determined dependent upon adverse content events reported with respect to the given network information source. The method may further include notifying the particular user of possible undesirable content with respect to the given network information source dependent upon the indication.
US07797410B2	Reverse IP method and system The present invention provides a new and improved domain name searching method and system which comprises steps selected from the group consisting of (1) downloading all zone files, public and/or non-public, associated with one or more host names; (2) performing reverse DNS on IPs associated with said host names in associated root servers and name servers; (3) crawling websites associated with said host names and seeking new hosts on known websites in different TLDs; (4) indexing all new host names found; (5) resolving the associated IP address with each host name, and with optionally appending “www” thereby; (6) storing DNS entries and indexing same while logging their association with host names; (7) repeating any of steps (1) through (6) one or more times.
US07797409B1	System and method for managing a communication network utilizing state-based polling A system and method are disclosed which utilize a state model for managing a network. A user can define a state model using, for example, a graphical user interface. A user may define one or more poll services that include state model(s) therein to be simultaneously executed, which enables efficient operation of such state models. A most preferred embodiment provides a central management system that is communicatively coupled to one or more distributed polling gateways for executing the user-defined state models to manage network elements. Upon the polling gateway determining that a state transition is proper, the state of the network element is transitioned, and user defined transition actions for such state transition are triggered in response thereto. A user may implement cross-correlation of various different state models in managing network elements. Additionally, a user may dynamically define/modify polling services and/or state models during runtime.
US07797408B2	Management of bandwidth allocation in a network server A method and system for operating a network server to discourage inappropriate use are disclosed. A server is connected to a plurality of connected client devices, and is configured to transfer information between any selected one of the client devices and a memory for static storage of information. The method comprises the steps of receiving a request to transfer a file between the memory and one of the plurality of client devices, removing a packet comprising a defined number of information bits from the file, transferring the packet between the memory and the client device per the request, then pausing for a defined delay period, and repeating the removing, transferring, and pausing steps in order until all of the file has been transferred. Preferably, the method further comprises increasing the defined delay period after each execution of a packet transfer cycle, thereby discouraging the transfer of unacceptably large files. The delay period may be initiated, and the amount of increase or other adjustment to the delay period during the transfer cycle may be controlled, by selected a predetermined value from a table, or by calculating a value based on variable input parameters such as the file size, server load, network response time, and number of transfer requests from the client device within a defined prior period. The number of information bits in the packet may similarly be initiated, and adjusted during the transfer cycle. The system comprises the server having an application for performing the method according to the invention.
US07797407B2	System for modeling a process A system of a plurality of interconnectable nodes for modelling states; wherein one predetermined node is configured to act as a master node, the master node being configured to instantiate a state by creating the state and distributing the created state to at least one of the nodes, the master node being further configured to modify a state by changing the state and distributing the changed state to at least one of the nodes, the master node being further configured to maintain an indication of “owner of process” assigned to exactly one of the interconnectable nodes at a time; wherein a first node not being the master node but being indicated as “owner of process”, is configured to cause the master node to instantiate a state or to modify a state; wherein the first node is further configured upon receiving a request for instantiating or modifying a state from a second node to decide whether or not to accept the request of the second node and to cause the master node to instantiate a state and to modify a state, such that the first node needs not to be connected at the time the second node is sending the request to perform a state change.
US07797405B2	Streaming file transfer apparatus, systems, and methods Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to receive a stream of packets, including perhaps a stream of hypertext transport protocol (HTTP) packets, at a server. The stream of HTTP packets may comprise a data message and a control message. Both messages may be encoded in a computing platform independent protocol, including perhaps a simple object access protocol (SOAP). A SOAP decoder may extract the data message from the SOAP. The data message may be extracted and stored while receiving the stream of HTTP packets. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07797404B1	Automatic server configuration using a storage configuration database A method for configuring a new server with a server configuration, such as a storage configuration, backup configuration, etc. The method may automatically detect presence of a new server coupled to a network and then automatically determine one or more attributes, such as available storage, of the new server. The method may then automatically determine one or more server configurations for the new server. For example, software may examine existing server configurations stored in a repository or database to determine if one or more of the existing server configurations are usable for configuring the server, e.g., based at least in part on the determined attributes of the new server. If the user accepts a server configuration, software may then operate to automatically configure the new server accordingly. Embodiments are included for adding server configurations to the repository. A global server configuration repository is also contemplated.
US07797398B2	Communication system, and peripheral device having trigger generating device and computer program product that monitors whether a trigger has been generated A communication system includes a host device and a peripheral device which are communicate with each other according to a main communication protocol that allows the command to be transmitted only from the host device to the peripheral device. The peripheral device accepts an input and to generate a trigger that urges the host device to start a target communication event in accordance with the input. The host device issues a trigger report request command to the peripheral device. The peripheral device transmits trigger generation report information containing a presence or absence of a generation of the trigger to the host device in response to the trigger report request command. The host device receives the trigger generation report information, determines the presence or absence of the generation of the trigger and starts the target event if the presence of the generation of the trigger is determined.
US07797393B2	Shared storage network system and a method for operating a shared storage network system A shared storage network system comprises at least one storage client and a plurality of storage servers, each providing a storage portion of the shared storage network system, each storage portion being divided into a plurality of sectors, each sector being divided into a plurality of blocks, a virtual block identifier being associated to each of the blocks such that the entirety of all of the virtual block identifiers of the blocks form a global block address space in which each of the virtual block identifiers is unique. The plurality of storage servers and the at least one storage client are grouped into a plurality of local area networks interconnected with preferred optical channels to form a global network. The at least one storage client is adapted to have read and/or write access to at least one block of at least one of the storage portions associated to one of the local area networks which differs from the local area network of the storage client. The plurality of local area networks are interconnected such that in case of a read or a write access of one of the at least one storage client to at least one of the blocks, the virtual block address of a block to which access is desired is translated into a physical block address to identify the physical block associated with the virtual block. The shared storage network system is further adapted to implement a storage data transmission scheme comprising an optical burst mode flow control and an optical stop-over burst transmission method.
US07797386B2	System and method for remotely configuring a desktop mailbox A method and system for remotely configuring a desktop mailbox manager. A mobile node operable to communicate within a wireless network includes a remote desktop controller to generate configuration messages for transmission to a home node at which the desktop mailbox manager is located. When reconfiguration is required, reconfiguration criteria are formulated, usually at the direction of the user. The reconfiguration criteria are then used by the remote desktop controller to create a reconfiguration message, which is addressed for delivery to the home node. A network connection is established, and the reconfiguration message is transmitted. A network server associated with the base station through which the mobile node is communicating with the network routes the message to a server associated with the home node, utilizing an appropriate gateway if necessary. The message is stored on the server until the home node establishes communication and then the message is downloaded to the home node. In the home node, the message is used to reconfigure the desktop manager.
US07797380B2	Content transmission apparatus, content reception apparatus, and content upload method According to one embodiment, a content transmission apparatus includes a data acquisition module configured to get a content item and metadata having a plurality of items for explaining details of the content, a notification module configured to notify an upload destination apparatus for the content of the metadata, a transmission module configured to encode the content and transmits the encoded content as a body of an upload request based on an HTTP POST request to an entry point created by a content reception apparatus on the basis of the metadata, a detection module configured to detect a change in metadata notified to the content reception apparatus relative to metadata newly got by the data acquisition module, and a posterior notification module configured to notify the content reception apparatus of posterior metadata containing at least a changed item in the metadata, when the detection module detects a change in the metadata.
US07797377B2	Method and system for automatically displaying an image and a product in a page based on contextual interaction and metadata The invention provides a method, system and computer-readable medium for storing images with related information in a relational database and using the information to order available products for a selected image over a network. A unique identifier is generated for each image, allowing different types of searches of the relational database to be performed including product-based and image-based searches. A selection of a returned image causes a cut-down version of the image and all available products to be displayed on a page. If a product is selected, a server enables a transaction for a user to order the selected product. A HTTP Cookie may be employed to store a user identifier, allowing use of user profiles for customization of particular options and displayed products.
US07797372B2	Serving software applications from servers for client computers An application serving system is disclosed that comprises a target client computer that connects to a server system and subscribing institution host Web Server, over a network. Both the client computer Web server and server system implement a network protocol layer to communicate across the network. In a preferred embodiment, network is the Internet, or other public or private network, and the network protocol layers are implemented on top of TCP/IP or UDP/IP. Other network configurations and network protocols layers, however, could be implemented in place or in addition to the Internet such as wireless CDPD, GPRS, or other networks. The target, client computer is preferably a PC.
US07797369B2	System and method for controlling a transmission of image data to a display device A method of controlling a transmission of image data from an image source to an image display device is disclosed, wherein the method includes transmitting the image data from the image source to the image display device, receiving the image data in a buffer on the image display device, reading at least some of the image data out of the buffer for processing by the image display device, monitoring an amount of unprocessed image data in the buffer, transmitting a value representing an amount of unprocessed image data in the buffer from the image display device to the image source, and adjusting the transmission of the image data to the image display device by the image source if the value representing the amount of unprocessed image data meets a preselected condition.
US07797367B1	Apparatus for compact internetworked wireless integrated network sensors (WINS) The Wireless Integrated Network Sensor Next Generation (WINS NG) nodes provide distributed network and Internet access to sensors, controls, and processors that are deeply embedded in equipment, facilities, and the environment. The WINS NG network is a new monitoring and control capability for applications in transportation, manufacturing, health care, environmental monitoring, and safety and security. The WINS NG nodes combine microsensor technology, low power distributed signal processing, low power computation, and low power, low cost wireless and/or wired networking capability in a compact system. The WINS NG networks provide sensing, local control, remote reconfigurability, and embedded intelligent systems in structures, materials, and environments.
US07797363B2	Processor having parallel vector multiply and reduce operations with sequential semantics A processor comprises a plurality of arithmetic units, an accumulator unit, and a reduction unit coupled between the plurality of arithmetic units and the accumulator unit. The reduction unit receives products of vector elements from the arithmetic units and a first accumulator value from the accumulator unit, and processes the products and the first accumulator value to generate a second accumulator value for delivery to the accumulator unit. The processor implements a plurality of vector multiply and reduce operations having guaranteed sequential semantics, that is, operations which guarantee that the computational result will be the same as that which would be produced using a corresponding sequence of individual instructions.
US07797361B2	System and method for generating random numbers using parity feedback A method for generating random numbers in which oscillating digital output signals of unequal or equal periodicity are generated by at least two ring oscillators, an external parity signal representing a logical state being generated when an odd number of the output signals take on a specified logical state, the external parity signal being fed back to an external parity input of each of the respective ring oscillators. Also, a random number generator having at least two ring oscillators made up of independently freewnning inverter chains with feedback having an odd number of series-connected inverters that generate oscillating digital output signals of unequal or equal periodicity, and having first panty signal generating mechanisms that generate an external parity signal representing a logical state when an odd number of the output signals take on a specified logical state.
US07797359B1	Recursive data naming Recursive data naming is disclosed. A name is provided corresponding to a desired data item. A get procedure is defined, and is used upon the name. The get procedure recursively uses itself upon the metadata name, to retrieve a metadata item associated with the desired data item. The get procedure retrieves the desired data item.
US07797358B1	Methods and apparatus for continuous data protection system having journal compression Method and apparatus to compress journal data in a continuous data protection system. An exemplary embodiment includes storing journal data including a do data stream and an undo data stream in a continuous data protection system, compressing data prior to entry in the do data stream, storing compression information in a do metadata stream for the do data stream entry, accessing the data for the entry in the do data stream, examining the do metadata stream for the entry, and decompressing the do data stream entry and writing the decompressed data to storage.
US07797354B2	Method and system for managing documents for software applications A method and system for integrating software application program documents is provided. A request to save documents in an document managements system may be received from application programs, with each document in a format native to the application program that requests that the document be saved. Text data may be extracted from the documents to be saved and converted into a converted data file that is in a common format that is not specific to any application program. The converted data files may then be stored in a memory.
US07797350B2	System and method for processing downloaded data A system for processing downloaded data is provided. The system includes a local server, a database server, an image storage server and a plurality of client computers. The database server, the image storage server and the client computers are connected to the local server. The local server is configured for downloading data from a remote server, parsing the downloaded data and replacing URL information of each image in the downloaded data to a predetermined character string, and changing the character strings to default local URLs that can display the images, when the client computers request to access the downloaded data. A related method is also provided.
US07797340B2	Method and system for searchable web services A method and system for searching for Web services with a search engine is described. Information pertaining to Web services is gathered from a publisher or through the use of a publication tools manager. Service definition files are constructed based on the gathered information, and are stored in a searchable service definition file. Service consumers then search for Web services stored in the service definition file via a search engine. Optionally, evaluation information related to the Web services is obtained and also stored in a searchable service definition file.
US07797339B2	Security architecture for content management systems Embodiments of the invention provide methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture for providing security architecture for content management systems. An audit log table separates security concerns in framework code from application concerns in application code. Application developers place database access code in stored procedures. Each stored procedure records a unique identifier for each object involved in the database access code into an audit log, for later security checking by framework code. After executing the stored procedure, the framework code determines whether the stored procedure was authorized by checking the audit log and access control lists stored in the database. If not, an access violation error may be returned and the database may be rolled back.
US07797338B2	System and method for facilitating personalization of applications based on anticipation of users' interests A system and method for facilitating personalization of applications based on anticipation of users' interests. In one preferred embodiment, a communication session is established with a user. Data related to user activities conducted by the user is collected during the communication session. Finally, collected data is processed according to one or more predetermined rules to obtain anticipated interests data used in personalization of applications for the user and the anticipated interests data is further stored in a user database.
US07797335B2	Creation and persistence of action metadata File transitions are identified that are to be tracked and at least one element of metadata is generated that characterizes each identified file transition to be tracked. Upon receiving a request for historical transition information, elements of metadata corresponding to at least two instances of a tracked file are aggregated and information is provided responsive to the request that is derived from the aggregated elements of metadata. The action metadata may follow that history of each tracked file as well as the histories of copies of each tracked file over time. Thus, an operator can manage the infrastructure of a corresponding computing environment with knowledge of the current and historical activities of files.
US07797333B1	System and method for returning results of a query from one or more slave nodes to one or more master nodes of a database system A database system for processing a query request comprises a master node that communicates a request to perform one or more activities associated with a precompiled query over at least one communication channel. A plurality of slave nodes are coupled to the master node. At least a particular one of the slave node receives the request communicated by the master node, performs at least a portion of the one or more activities associated with the request to obtain one or more results for the request, communicates a request-to-send message to the master node indicating that the one or more results are available for communication to the master node, and communicates at least a portion of the one or more results to the master node in response to receiving a permission-to-send message from the master node.
US07797328B2	System and method of searching for story-based media Systems and methods for facilitating a search for story-based media search criteria for use in searching for story-based works are disclosed. The method may include the steps of: facilitating a search for and receiving input from a user that specifies a first desired character type, a desired type of interaction between a first character and a second character in a work, and/or other story-based search criteria, and searching a work database, and identifying at least one of the plurality of works that has a first work character type, desired type of interaction, and/or other story-based search criteria that is substantially similar to the specified story-based search criteria.
US07797318B2	Networking through electronic messaging and mail A social networking service is integrated with a traditional communication service. The communication service may include an instant messaging service, an electronic mail service, a content page management service, or other communication service. The communication service provides one or more interfaces allowing a user to navigate and manage a contact network. A user may access several layers of contacts, and expand their contact list, by selecting additional contacts within additional contact lists.
US07797317B2	Information recording apparatus and method, and information recording system In recording information, meta data defined in SMPTE 298M and 335M, buried in video and audio material signals to be recorded to a magnetic tape (30) are extracted, the thus extracted meta data or meta data generated from information other than the material signals, are written to a contactless memory tag (37), whereby it is made possible to acquire meta data about material signals recorded in a recording medium without actual reading of the material signals in the recording medium and use the meta data for search, validation, etc.
US07797316B2	Systems and methods for determining document freshness A system determines a freshness of a first document. The system determines whether a freshness attribute is associated with the first document. The system identifies, based on the determination, a set of second documents that each contain a link to the first document. The system assigns a freshness score to the first document based on a freshness attribute associated with each document of the set of second documents or the freshness attribute associated with the first document.
US07797315B2	Retrieval system and method of displaying retrieved results in the system In a case that documents satisfying search conditions input on a retrieval device are retrieved and there is a plurality of retrieved documents, the priority levels of the retrieved documents are determined based on the installation site of the retrieval device, information on the date and time when a search is executed, and information on the schedule of events at the installation site, with the display order of the plurality of retrieved documents determined, and the documents displayed, based on the determined priority levels.
US07797313B1	Relevance ranking in a computer system A method and system for generating ranking criteria used to rank items in a computer system. The ranking criteria is based, at least in part, on storage information related to each of the items to be ranked. The storage information includes a storage parameter and/or a backup parameter. In one embodiment, a list of items is received in which storage information associated with each of the items is gathered. The items are ranked according to a relationship between the determined ranking criteria and at least the storage information associated with each of the items.
US07797312B2	Database query processing method and system A database comprising a plurality of tables is interrogated by generating a database query, and a data map, the data map describing the structure of table instances implicated in the database query. Next, the database query is submitted to the database. A response is received from the database. The data map is traversed so as to iteratively apply a data extraction process to components of the response corresponding to each table instance associated with the database query, thereby extracting the required data from the response.
US07797310B2	Technique to estimate the cost of streaming evaluation of XPaths A method and apparatus for estimating the cost of streaming evaluation of XPaths is provided. Aggregate statistics are maintained by the database server upon initiation of a database function by the database administrator about the nodes of the XML document. Based upon these statistics and the complexity of the particular XPath query, an estimate of the cost of the query, in time and computing resources required, is computed.
US07797308B2	Managing multiple languages in a data language Described are various methods and apparatuses that provide for variants for multiple resource types and efficiently managing these resources by use of common variables and an organized file structure. A file structure is organize by a common variables, such as the $lang variable, and includes resource references such that once the common variable is defined, similar resources can be referenced using the same instruction by the use of modifying the common variable. Multiple resource types, including text, images as well as other resource types may be managed using the file structure disclosed herein.
US07797306B1	System and method for providing notification(s) in accordance with middleware technologies The present invention relates to a system and methodology to facilitate subscription, delivery, processing, and reception of notification services. A global service framework is provided that operates in conjunction with a notification platform architecture to deliver information from one or more event sources to one or more notification sinks that receive information from the services. The global framework includes discovery and description components that provide information relating to available notification services. Subscriptions can be obtained via subscription events, whereby notifications can be delivered via notification events, wherein such events can be modeled as part of the global service framework. Various communications protocols can also be provided to facilitate communications with the notification services and global services framework. Furthermore, various notification delivery protocols can be provided that operate with structured database technologies to facilitate bulk message delivery and service in a reliable manner while mitigating network problems such as delivering notifications under power-interrupting conditions.
US07797305B2	Method for intelligent consumer earcons A method for utilizing earcons, includes: forming a database of earcons; forming a user profile and preferences database; monitoring user audio content; monitoring the user environment; playing a series of earcons from the database of earcons on a user's communication device; wherein the series of earcons are chosen from the database of earcons based on the user profile and preferences database; and wherein the playing of individual earcons from the series of earcons is based on the monitored user audio content and environment.
US07797298B2	Serving cached query results based on a query portion The embodiments contemplate a system and method for obtaining related results for a portion of a query and for generating an updated set of queries for a cache of a server. Other queries beginning with the portion of the query may be identified and obtained from a data structure that includes a server cache and a set of common queries. Once the other queries are identified, results for the other queries are obtained from the server cache or from a back-end database. A set of common queries, which may include deleted and additional queries, may be utilized to generate the updated set of queries for the server. Both missing queries and deleted queries that may belong to the server based on an assignment function are inserted into a queue, which is later delivered to the cache of the server. The transfer may occur during a low-activity or idle state.
US07797292B2	Apparatus, system, and method for an alternate lock facility connection path An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for an alternate lock facility connection path. A request module receives a connection request to establish redundant connection paths between a control unit and a host. A primary connection module establishes a first connection path between the control unit and the host through a first communication channel. An alternate connection module establishes a second connection path between the control unit and the host through a second communication channel. A detection module detects a failure of the first connection path. A redirection module redirects communication between the control unit and the host through the second connection path upon detection of a failure of the first connection path.
US07797289B2	Method and apparatus for automatically executing rules in enterprise systems One embodiment of the present invention provides an enterprise system that automatically executes a rule associated with an event. During operation, the system receives an event object at the enterprise system. Next, the system creates an intermediate event object based on the event object, wherein the intermediate object is an invocation context for the rule. The system also filters a set of rules with the intermediate event object to obtain a subset of rules. The system then selects a rule that is associated with the event from the subset of rules. Finally, the system executes the rule.
US07797285B1	Method and apparatus for restoring backup data to a computer Method and apparatus for restoring backup data to a computer is described. In one example, selected resources of within the backup data to be restored are specified. An installation package is generated that provides a hierarchical archive of the selected resources and is configured for execution by an operating system of the computer. The installation package is provided to the computer for execution thereon to effect a restoration of the selected resources onto the computer.
US07797282B1	System and method for modifying a training set Information representing a hierarchy of categories is stored. An indication is received that a first case is either a positive case or a negative case for a first category in the hierarchy of categories. The first case is identified, by inference, as a positive case or negative case for a second category in the hierarchy based on relationship of the second category to the first category. A training set for the second category is modified based on the identification by reference.
US07797279B1	Merging of incremental data streams with prior backed-up data New full backups are generated by combining an incremental backup with a previous full backup. A previous full backup is stored in a backup server in a hash file system format. A file server generates an incremental backup of a data set on the file server by identifying and dumping files/directories of the data set that are new/modified into a tar file that is sent to an accelerator. The accelerator parses the incremental backup tar file and converts it to a hash file system format that includes metadata, hash values, and new/modified data atomics. The accelerator merges the incremental backup into the previous full backup to generate a new full backup by altering metadata and hash values of a copy of the previous full backup such that the resulting metadata and hash values describe and point to new/modified directories and files as well as unmodified directories and files.
US07797278B2	Migratable backup and restore A backup system for backing up target data stored in an information processing device comprises a backup program stor for retaining a backup program, a read authentication information stor for retaining read authentication information, a backup function sender which transfers the backup program and the read authentication information to the device, and a data stor which retains the target data to be transferred to the backup system by the device which has executed the backup program, wherein the backup program is invoke-able on the device by a user of the device, and comprises a read authentication mechanism for obtaining permission to read the target data from the device by causing the read authentication information to be authenticated, and a transfer mechanism for causing the device to read the target data and transfer the target data to the backup system.
US07797276B1	Integrated database data editing system An integrated database data editing system for editing and managing the relational database data contents remotely through intranet or Internet in an efficient and easy-to-use manner. The editing system is used to input, output, modify and update the database data and is extremely useful for editing the large database objects such as large text files and audio, image, animation and video binary data files from a remote database. The editing system contains a visual database data manager in the client computer, which includes a list of databases and database tables from the remote server computer, and a database designer, an entity relationship designer, a table designer, a database schema, a data filter and an SQL console. The data table cells displayed on the client computer are default as read only. It is directly modified and edited when single-clicked by the mouse. A small icon is used as a place holder in the table cell for large text or binary data type. When double-clicked by the mouse, a commercial text or multimedia editor is popped up and the large text or binary data is retrieved from the remote database into the data editor for editing. The client/server version of the system is deployed and run on intranet. The web version is deployed and run on Internet and also on intranet. The web version has more advantage to implement the security features by using the Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and the Secure Socket Layer (SSL). The mechanisms for user authentication and access control to the remote database are well implemented.
US07797272B2	System and method for dynamic playlist of media A system and methods for the dynamic generation of playlists to a user are provided. In connection with a system that convergently merges perceptual and digital signal processing analysis of media entities for purposes of classifying the media entities, various means are provided to a user for automatically generating playlists of closely related and/or similarly situated media entities for distribution to participating users. Techniques for providing a dynamic recommendation engine and techniques for rating media entities are also included. In an illustrative implementation, the playlists may be generated and stored allowing for user persistence from experience to experience.
US07797265B2	Document clustering that applies a locality sensitive hashing function to a feature vector to obtain a limited set of candidate clusters Documents from a data stream are clustered by first generating a feature vector for each document. A set of cluster centroids (e.g., feature vectors of their corresponding clusters) are retrieved from a memory based on the feature vector of the document using a locality sensitive hashing function. The centroids may be retrieved by retrieving a set of cluster identifiers from a cluster table, the cluster identifiers each indicative of a respective cluster centroid, and retrieving the cluster centroids corresponding to the retrieved cluster identifiers from a memory. Documents may then be clustered into one or more of the candidate clusters using distance measures from the feature vector of the document to the cluster centroids.
US07797261B2	Consultative system A consulting system helps a user on collecting information, building object model, and creating virtual environment, produces animated images, captures feedback from the user, analyzes user's response, and provides advices in various formats. First, the system provides interfaces for guiding the user to collect, manipulate, organize, search, and retrieve advices and their related examples. Next, the system provides interfaces for the user to build object models, which consist of the general object model for describing regular objects and human object model for describing human characteristics and behaviors. Further, the system provides interfaces for the user to build virtual environment from object models and creates animated images according to the events described in the related examples, properties associated with objects, and event templates. Further, the system captures user's feedback, which can be verbal requirement, facial expression, and keyboard input. Then the system analyzes user's response, compares to predetermined goals or expert's requirement, and provides user advices in various desired formats.
US07797254B2	System and method for managing intellectual property The present invention relates to methods and systems for intellectual property management. In an embodiment, a system includes an intellectual property asset inventory system to manage an inventory of intellectual property assets. A product inventory system manages an inventory of products, where the inventory of products correspond to a plurality of products and one or more of the products of the plurality of products are associated with one or more of the intellectual property assets of the plurality of intellectual property assets. A marketing management system manages a plurality of marketing projects, where one or more of the marketing projects of the plurality of marketing projects are associated with at least one of (i) one or more products of the plurality of products, and (ii) one or more intellectual property assets of the plurality of intellectual property assets.
US07797253B2	System and method for managing intellectual property The present invention relates to methods and systems for intellectual property management. In an embodiment, a system includes an intellectual property asset inventory system to manage an inventory of intellectual property assets. A product inventory system manages an inventory of products, where the inventory of products correspond to a plurality of products and one or more of the products of the plurality of products are associated with one or more of the intellectual property assets of the plurality of intellectual property assets. A marketing management system manages a plurality of marketing projects, where one or more of the marketing projects of the plurality of marketing projects are associated with at least one of (i) one or more products of the plurality of products, and (ii) one or more intellectual property assets of the plurality of intellectual property assets.
US07797249B2	Copyright detection and protection system and method A method for detecting against unauthorized transmission of digital works comprises the steps of maintaining a registry of information permitting identification of digital copyrighted works, monitoring a network for transmission of at least one packet-based digital signal, extracting at least one feature from the at least one digital signal, comparing the extracted at least one feature with registry information and applying business rules based on the comparison result.
US07797242B2	Method and system for network-based purchase and distribution of media Methods and systems for network-based purchase and distribution of media are disclosed. The purchase and distribution of media by these methods and systems are not only secure but also controlled. The security restricts access to media within media files during downloads as well as while stored at a server and/or client. For example, a potential purchaser can search and browse through numerous media items on-line that are available for purchase. The potential purchaser can thereafter purchase one or more media items on-line with great ease. Upon purchasing a media item, the content for the media item can be downloaded over the network to the purchaser. The content for the media item is then encrypted for the purchaser's use and stored on the purchaser's machine. Thereafter, the purchaser can make use of the media item (e.g., play the media item). Improved graphical user interfaces suitable for reviewing, browsing, previewing and/or purchasing numerous media items are also disclosed.
US07797239B2	Hierarchical entitlement system with integrated inheritance and limit checks A hierarchical entitlement system, method, and computer program product with integrated inheritance and limit checks are described. In one embodiment, for example, a computer-implemented method is described for specifying and enforcing entitlements for performance of financial transactions, the method comprises steps of: providing a hierarchical entitlement structure with inheritance for specifying entitlements for performing financial transactions; receiving user input for defining a plurality of entitlement groups of the hierarchical entitlement structure, wherein each entitlement group has specified permissions to perform financial transactions, limits on performance of the financial transactions, and membership of each user; in response to a particular user request to perform a financial transaction at runtime, identifying the particular user's membership in a certain entitlement group; and determining whether to allow the particular user to perform the financial transaction based on permissions and limits of the hierarchical entitlement structure applicable to the particular user's performance of the financial transaction.
US07797238B2	Balance rewards account system and method A method for operating an account includes several steps. The account is provided for holding assets of a customer, the account having a variable value controlled by the customer. At least a portion of the assets are held in the account for a time period that includes a plurality of cycles. At least a portion of the assets are invested during the time period, and earnings on the investment are transmitted to the customer. A plurality of average cycle values of the account are calculated, with each average cycle value calculated over one of the plurality of cycles. A minimum average cycle value is selected from the plurality of average cycle values, and a bonus is calculated based on the minimum average cycle value. The bonus is transmitted to the customer, and the customer chooses whether to repeat the process.
US07797237B2	Electronic financial transaction system and method providing real-time authentication service through wire/wireless communication network Disclosed herein is an electronic financial transaction system and method providing a real-time authentication service through a wire/wireless communication network that is provided with an electronic slip processing function and a deposit account, so electronic financial transaction users can authenticate electronic financial transactions in real time. The system and method of the present invention is provided with an electronic slip processing function. Accordingly, electronic financial transaction users can authenticate electronic financial transactions in real time using electronic slips without temporal and spatial restrictions, so electronic financial transactions can be safely, conveniently and rapidly carried out Additionally, an approval authority can approve financial transactions in real time without temporal and spatial restrictions, so a multi-approval function through a mobile communication network is provided to prevent a leakage of information and a misappropriation of money.
US07797236B1	Internet settlement system A method and apparatus for collecting information about an event in which a user accesses the Internet through the system of a first Internet Service Provider with whom the user does not have an account. The apparatus includes a first server that creates a record of the user's Internet usage and sends the record to a second server. The second server collects records from a plurality of Internet Service Providers and forwards the records to a third server on a regular basis. The third server processes the data in the plurality of records and generates a report showing how much money the first Internet Service Provider is owed for allowing the user to access the Internet through the system of the first Internet Service Provider.
US07797235B2	On-line cash register to use in providing a consumer-to-consumer payment service A method for enabling two individual consumers to complete a transaction that includes payment from one consumer (the payor, or buyer) to another consumer (the payee, or seller). An intermediary typically operates the service over a computer network of nodes, such as the Internet. The buyer has the convenience of paying through a variety of different payment instruments. Likewise, the seller has the convenience of receiving payment through a variety of different disbursement instruments. For a fee, the intermediary collects the payment from the buyer and pays the seller. Although the intermediary may receive payment from the buyer before the intermediary transfers the payment to the seller, the intermediary may choose to pay the seller before receiving payment from the buyer. In this case, the intermediary assumes the risk of nonpayment by the buyer. Alternatively, the intermediary may pay a third party that specializes in processing transactions for the payment instrument chosen by the buyer to assume the risk of nonpayment by the buyer. In this case, the intermediary receives a promise of payment from the third party before the intermediary pays the seller. Such a promise of payment from the third party is referred to as an authorization.
US07797234B2	Method and system for cash remittances using a two country banking structure A bank customer of a first bank in a first country has a bank account. The bank provides a banking service whereby customer is able to send cash to a recipient in a second country via a commingled bank account belonging to a second bank. The cash is provided to the recipient in the currency of the second country by a third party payment agent. To effect a transfer, the bank customer in the first country instructs the first bank to debit his or her account and send cash to a designated recipient. In response, the first bank debits the customer's account, sends first payment instructions to the second bank, and transfers funds to a commingled account at the second bank. Funds from this commingled account are used to pay for the cash provided to the recipient. The banking service may be provided free of charge to a banking customer of the first bank.
US07797232B2	Risk monitoring apparatus, risk monitoring system, and risk monitoring method A risk monitoring system is formed of a client terminal, a risk management apparatus, and a security device. A risk calculation portion in the risk management apparatus calculates the vulnerability of each room inside the workplace quantitatively in terms of three viewpoints: individuals, assets, and space, and calculates a risk value of an internal crime in each room in real time by multiplying the vulnerability by the internal crime probability and the asset value. A risk analysis portion analyzes a risk state on the basis of the risk value thus calculated and the analysis result is displayed on a display portion of the client terminal. It is thus possible to understand a risk situation of an internal crime against assets to protect in real time for enabling an action to be taken appropriately according to the situation.
US07797223B1	Method and system for efficiently matching long and short positions in securities trading and transacting a series of overnight trades for balance sheet netting A method and system for trading long and short inventory positions in securities for participants involves systematically obtaining long and short position information from each participant, processing the information in accordance with participant-controlled parameters, matching the participants' short positions to other participants' long positions and feeding the resultant activity back to each participant in the form of system-generated repo and reverse repo trades, while maintaining the anonymity of the participants. Another aspect enables trading baskets of serial overnight trades, each of which is treated as an independent overnight repo/reverse trade for financial reporting purposes, with corresponding notional amount, that involves, for example, cancellation of a basket trade and creating in its place a series of overnight trades corresponding to the basket trade.
US07797218B2	Method of compensating an employee A computer system for monitoring and enhancing the collateral security underlying a set of loans is provided, including a system for calculating the unsecured value of the set at any time and for initiating additional collateral enhancement instruments when the unsecured value exceeds a certain limit. The system may include a variety of modules in communication with a relational database for storing data about the loans and system elements. The computer system may also be configured to allocate, manage, and execute the waterfall or cascade of funds between and among the various participants in a financial plan. The invention also includes a structured finance plan and related methods for enhancing the collateral security of a loan obtained for a life insurance or annuity product, and a system and method for managing a portfolio of such loans in order to obtain favorable financing and to facilitate securitization.
US07797212B2	Refund request tool A business may uniformly calculate and offer a fee refund to customers requesting refunds for fees charged to the customers' accounts. Rather than relying on individual employee discretion, a server may use account information and customer information to generate the fee refund amount to be offered to the customer. The calculated refund amount may be based on a variety of considerations including, but not limited to, the amount the account is overdrawn, the profitability of the account, the number of occurrences of charged fees, and/or other factors such as family relationships to other bank customers. Additionally, a fee refund offer may be stored and referred to when the customer subsequently requests a refund.
US07797207B1	Method and apparatus for analyzing financial data A system analyzes multiple financial accounts having a common account holder and identifies a particular attribute, such as interest rate, associated with each of the multiple financial accounts. The system then makes a determination regarding whether an adjustment of funds among the multiple financial accounts would benefit the account holder. If the adjustment of funds would benefit the account holder, then recommending the adjustment of funds to the account holder and offering to perform the recommended adjustment of funds. The system executes the adjustment of funds if the account holder accepts the offer to perform the recommended adjustment of funds.
US07797206B1	Consolidated billing system and method for use in telephony networks A billing system and method particularly well suited for use in telephony networks accounts for usage of standard network services, such as voice and data communication, and third-party services, such as paging and voicemail services, supportable by the network. Customer usage of network equipment and third-party equipment is also accounted for by such a telephony network billing system. Network and third-party usage and equipment charges incurred by a customer are advantageously integrated by the billing system into a single customer invoice.
US07797203B2	Collaborative product taxonomy instantiation A method forms a collaborative product taxonomy instantiation by starting with or defining a base taxonomy instantiation and collaborating between trading parties to negotiate a collaborative product taxonomy instantiation. The taxonomy instantiation comprises a set of characteristics and values of a desired product. The method assigns a set of characters to the collaborative product taxonomy instantiation. The method uses the set of alphanumeric characters in an electronic trade exchange between a buyer software application and a seller software application. The seller software application may determine whether it has a product that is equivalent to the collaborative product taxonomy instantiation.
US07797198B1	Providing an invocable composite network service based on multiple other invocable constituent network services Techniques are described for assisting users in dynamically creating and using composite services that are based on other constituent services. In some situations, each constituent service is a Web service (“WS”), and each composite service is a new WS whose execution involves dynamically invoking multiple specified constituent WSes in a specified manner. Such techniques may be used, for example, in conjunction with an electronic WS marketplace via which third-party WS providers make their WSes available to third-party WS consumers who locate and purchase access to those WSes, such as to allow a user to dynamically create a new composite WS that is based on one or more WSes available from other WS providers and that reflects any constraints of the WS marketplace, with the composite WS available for use by other WS consumers. This abstract is not intended for use in interpreting or limiting the scope of the claims.
US07797194B1	Method and apparatus for offering for sale collectibles on primary and secondary markets A method of preparing a server is disclosed that supports a plurality of purchaser systems to transmit over the Internet orders for collectibles being offered for sale on a primary and a secondary market. The method starts by constructing at the server a purchaser history database. Then, an initial placement of a number of lots of selected collectibles are offered for sale on the primary market. Next an account is created for each purchaser transmitting an order to the server. Each account includes a record of the purchasing activity of its purchasers. Then, the lots of selected collectibles are allocated to the successful purchasers. Then at the direction of certain of the successful purchasers, selected of the allocated collectibles are offered for sale on the secondary market. Orders are received from all of the purchasers who placed orders during the offering for sale of the primary market and the offering for sale on the secondary market, and a record for each of the purchasers is created in the purchaser history database. The collectibles may comprise trading cards.
US07797193B1	Systems and methods for distributing telecommunication services via a network A system facilitates the purchase of telecommunication services from a variety of sellers. The system stores a set of responses to purchase requests for telecommunication services associated with a plurality of service providers, each response reflecting at least one telecommunication service offering associated with one of the service providers and a related cost for the telecommunication service offering. The system establishes a session for considering the purchase of telecommunication services. A purchase request is input, including information indicating a requested telecommunication service. The system accesses the stored set of responses to purchase requests for at least one response reflecting at least one telecommunication service offering capable of satisfying the requested telecommunication service, and permits a requester to accept the response during the session.
US07797191B2	Promotional event tracking system This invention relates to the methods of coordinating and tracking product and service demonstrations. An event coordinator directs event operators to conduct a product or service demonstration event. The event coordinator provides event operators with cards, such as debit cards, credit cards, or smart cards, to purchase items needed for the demonstration. The event operator contacts a card administration system to activate the card. The card administration system verifies that the provided card ID and event ID are valid, and associates an authorized budget of the demonstration event with the card. The event operator then purchases items with the card, and conducts demonstrations. Event data is provided to the parties involved in the demonstration such as a product manufacturer or service provider, the event coordinator, a staffing agency, the event operator, and a retail store. The event data includes, for example, items purchased for demonstration using the card, items purchased by customers during the demonstrations, and time information.
US07797189B2	System and method of forecasting print job related demand A print demand forecasting system is provided for use with a print production system in which print demand data is collected for each print job processed during a selected time interval. The print demand data is processed with a computer implemented service manager to obtain a first demand series with two or more demand components and a second demand series with one demand component. Each one of the two or more demand components is less than a selected variability level and the one demand component is greater than the selected variability level. The computer implemented service manager is adapted to (1) generate a first demand related forecast with a combination of the two or more demand components, and (2) generate a second demand related forecast with the one demand component if convergent forecasting results are obtainable for the second demand series.
US07797187B2	System and method of protecting prices A method and system for protecting prices is provided. The price protection system increases consumer confidence when making purchases by reducing the risk associated with fluctuating prices. The price protection system receives a purchase specification from a consumer. Next, the price protection system determines the risk that the prices of items matching the purchase specification will change and reports a protected price to the consumer that represents the price that the price protection system will protect based on the determined risk for a protection period. Finally, the price protection system receives a request from the consumer to purchase protection of the protected price.
US07797186B2	Method and system for gathering and recording real-time market survey and other data from radio listeners and television viewers utilizing telephones including wireless cell phones The invention records real-time radio and television listener data utilizing automated, interactive questions and radio and television broadcast audio segments recorded by telephone, including wireless cell phones. Telephone users are asked to hold their phone in the direction of any broadcast audio they are hearing or listening to. Streaming program audio directly from radio and television broadcasts is matched to the program audio recorded from telephone users using computer audio matching technology. When an audio match is made, recorded data will automatically populate an alpha/numeric database creating a record including fields for identifying the radio or TV station, time of recording, the phone user's 10 digit telephone number and demographic information on the listener. Demographics may be obtained prior to the call or by automated interactive questioning, during a call, with the phone user responding to questions verbally or by pushing appropriate keys on the telephone keypad.
US07797182B2	Method and apparatus for improved forecasting using multiple sources A method and apparatus for providing a triangulated forecast comprises receiving a sales forecasts from at least three sources, and triangulating the sales forecasts to obtain a triangulated forecast. The method further comprises presenting the resulting triangulated forecast.
US07797172B2	Healthcare financial data and clinical information processing system A patient claim data processing system responds to and initiates clinical events and attains early accurate claim data during a patient healthcare encounter cycle to support prompt claim data validation and editing both for individual claim elements and for a completed claim to improve claim accuracy prior to claim submission to a payer. The system submits accurate claims to payers and receives remittance advice from payers and applies rules to the advice. A system processes financial data related to provision of healthcare to a patient in response to clinical events. The system includes an interface processor for receiving a message identifying an event and a related change in healthcare data concerning a patient and also includes a source of rules for determining characteristics associated with reimbursement for provision of an individual service to a patient. A rules processor initiates application of a rule derived from the rules source to process financial data concerning provision of the individual service to the patient in response to receiving the message identifying the event. A result processor initiates an action in response to a result derived by the application of the rule to process the financial data. The rules processor also validates the financial data complies with the rule.
US07797170B2	Location based services revenue sharing and cost offsetting An opportunity server tracks in vehicle information system wireless web transactions using session identifiers, aggregates transaction records into session data, and uses session data assign cost of network and system usage to a winning bidding party in an online offering system so as to offset costs to the user for usage of the system. Credits are posted to share revenue and offset costs of OEM equipment and network access metered fees, thereby reducing the cost of the transactions by a user and promoting unfettered use of in vehicle information systems for a variety of services, purposes, and transactions.
US07797163B2	Apparatus for processing media signal and method thereof The present invention relates to a method of processing a media signal and apparatus therefor. A media signal decoding method according to the present invention includes detecting a channel having a valid value of the multi-channels to be generated and generating the detected channel having the valid value from the downmix signal and the spatial information signal. Accordingly, the present invention is able to reduce a decoding operation quantity by detecting which one of the channels to be generated from a transferred media signal is set to a virtual value and omitting decoding for the generation of the channel set to the virtual value.
US07797160B2	Signal compression method, device, program, and recording medium; and signal retrieval method, device, program, and recording medium There are included: an initial sub-signal creation section which creates, from an original signal, sub-signals of shorter length than the original signal; a created sub-signal selection section which, for the sub-signals produced by the initial sub-signal creation section, prunes the created sub-signal candidates to those for which the amount of data is less than for the original signal; a sub-signal re-creation section which determines a created sub-signal which is actually to be used, using the created sub-signal candidates produced by the created sub-signal selection section; a compression mapping determination section which determines, from the sub-signals produced by the sub-signal re-creation section, a mapping for calculation of a compressed signal; and a signal compression section which calculates a compressed signal corresponding to the sub-signals obtained by the sub-signal re-creation section, based upon the mapping obtained by the compression mapping determination section.
US07797158B2	System and method for improving robustness of speech recognition using vocal tract length normalization codebooks Disclosed are systems, methods, and computer readable media for performing speech recognition. The method embodiment comprises selecting a codebook from a plurality of codebooks with a minimal acoustic distance to a received speech sample, the plurality of codebooks generated by a process of (a) computing a vocal tract length for a each of a plurality of speakers, (b) for each of the plurality of speakers, clustering speech vectors, and (c) creating a codebook for each speaker, the codebook containing entries for the respective speaker's vocal tract length, speech vectors, and an optional vector weight for each speech vector, (2) applying the respective vocal tract length associated with the selected codebook to normalize the received speech sample for use in speech recognition, and (3) recognizing the received speech sample based on the respective vocal tract length associated with the selected codebook.
US07797157B2	Automatic speech recognition channel normalization based on measured statistics from initial portions of speech utterances Channel normalization for automatic speech recognition is provided. Statistics are measured from an initial portion of a speech utterance. Feature normalization parameters are estimated based on the measured statistics and a statistically derived mapping relating measured statistics and feature normalization parameters. In some examples, the measured statistics comprise measures of an energy from the initial portion of the speech utterance. In some examples, measures of the energy comprise extreme values of the energy.
US07797154B2	Signal noise reduction Provision to reduce production of musical noise. A noise reduction device includes: means for calculating a rank for each element included in a first region having predetermined sizes in the time axis direction and in the frequency axis direction, depending on a value of the element, in a noise section of an observed signal indicating variation of a frequency spectrum with time; means for calculating a rank for each element included in a second region, depending on a value of the element, the second region having predetermined sizes in the time axis direction and in the frequency axis direction in the observed signal; and means for subtracting, from the values of the respective elements in the second region, values based on the values of the respective elements in the first region whose ranks correspond to ranks of respective elements in the second region.
US07797153B2	Speech signal separation apparatus and method A speech signal separation apparatus for separating an observation signal in a time domain of a plurality of channels wherein a plurality of signals having a speech signal are mixed using independent component analysis to produce a plurality of separation signals of the different channels, including: a first conversion section, a non-correlating section, a separation section, and a second conversion section.
US07797140B2	Generalizations of adjoint networks techniques for RLC interconnects model-order reductions The adjoint network reduction technique has been shown to reduce 50% of the computational complexity of constructing the congruence transformation matrix. The method was suitable for analyzing the special multi-port driving-point impedance of RLC interconnect circuits. This technique is extended for the general circumstances of RLC interconnects. Comparative studies among the conventional methods and the proposed methods are also investigated. Experimental results will demonstrate the accuracy and the efficiency of the proposed method.
US07797139B2	Optimized cycle length system and method for improving performance of oil wells A method of scheduling cyclic steaming of petroleum-containing wells including: inputting to a production-predictor data describing the past cyclic steaming and resulting production of wells; processing the data in the production-predictor and outputting production predictions for the wells during a future steaming cycle; inputting the production predictions into an optimizer; inputting an initial steaming Optimal Cycle Length schedule for the wells into the optimizer; processing the production predictions and the initial steaming cycle schedule in the optimizer by: determining a ranking for the initial steaming cycle schedule for the production predictions against a pre-determined ranking criteria; producing new steaming cycle schedules based on the ranking of the initial steaming cycle a schedule optimization algorithm; determining a ranking for the new steaming schedules against the ranking criteria; repeating the production of schedules and determining ranking steps until some pre-determined termination criteria is met.
US07797138B2	System and method for designing a seat A computer based system and method for establishing one or more patches related to a seat to be designed is provided. The system method establish a set of environment characteristics, a set of interface characteristics, and a pool of body templates. The pool of body templates are representative of target occupants of the seat. The system and method further establish a seat design as a function of the established environment characteristics, interface characteristics, and body templates by defining a plurality of patches.
US07797136B2	Metrics to evaluate process objects A method and system to evaluate process objects for acceptability for use. New metrics that measure both object components and their relationships are used. The method selects metrics for the process objects that measure both the components and their relationships, compares measurements of the selected metrics with corresponding metric norms, and, based on the comparison, determines whether the process objects are acceptable. The system includes a memory to store metrics and process objects and a processor to select applicable metrics for the process objects, calculate the measurements of the selected metrics, compare the measurements to corresponding metric norms, and, based on the comparison, determine whether the process objects are acceptable.
US07797133B2	Multi-roller registered repeat defect detection of a web process line A manufacturing system includes rollers having synchronization marks to indicate complete rotations. Synchronization mark readers read the synchronization marks of the plurality of rollers and output roll synchronization signals. An encoder outputs a position signal indicative of a down-web distance of the web. An inspection system inspects the web and outputs anomaly data identifying positions of anomalies on the web. A synchronization unit receives the position signal from the encoder and the plurality of roll synchronization signals from the synchronization mark readers and converts the occurrence of each of the roll synchronization signals into down-web positions within a coordinate system associated with web process line. An analysis computer processes the anomaly data and the synchronization signals to identify repeated anomalies and to determine which of the rollers caused the repeated anomalies.
US07797131B2	On-chip frequency response measurement A method and circuit are provided for measuring frequency response performance of an integrated circuit by providing a pulse having a rising edge and a falling edge where the pulse is provided to a plurality of serially connected components. The number of these components which have propagated the leading edge of the pulse before the occurrence of the falling edge provide a numeric indication of the circuit's frequency response and performance.
US07797121B2	Test apparatus, and device for calibration The test apparatus includes a first comparator and a second comparator that measure a measured signal output from the device under test at a given sampling clock timing, a deciding section that decides a quality of the device under test on the basis of a measurement result in the first comparator and the second comparator, a control section that causes the first comparator and the second comparator to input an adjustment signal having a previously injected jitter and respectively sample the input signal, a skew computing section that computes a skew between the first comparator and the second comparator on the basis of sampling results, and a phase adjusting section that adjusts a phase of at least any one of the measured signal and the sampling clock in at least any one of the first comparator and the second comparator on the basis of the skew.
US07797120B2	Telescope based calibration of a three dimensional optical scanner An embodiment of the invention includes using a set of telescopes to calibrate a three dimensional optical scanner. Three separate calibrations are disclosed for a survey grade calibration: (1) angular calibration, implemented using at least one anti-podal pair of telescopes, (2) range calibration, implemented using at least one telescope mounted fiber recirculator, and (3) tilt calibration, implemented using at least one pair of telescopes not mounted in anti-podal configuration and an integral tilt table. Methods for aligning or measuring the mis-alignment between anti-podal telescope pairs are also described.
US07797119B2	Apparatus and method for rangings and noise reduction of low coherence interferometry LCI and optical coherence tomography OCT signals by parallel detection of spectral bands Apparatus and method for increasing the sensitivity in the detection of optical coherence tomography and low coherence interferometry (“LCI”) signals by detecting a parallel set of spectral bands, each band being a unique combination of optical frequencies. The LCI broad bandwidth source is split into N spectral bands. The N spectral bands are individually detected and processed to provide an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of N. Each spectral band is detected by a separate photo detector and amplified. For each spectral band the signal is band pass filtered around the signal band by analog electronics and digitized, or, alternatively, the signal may be digitized and band pass filtered in software. As a consequence, the shot noise contribution to the signal is reduced by a factor equal to the number of spectral bands. The signal remains the same. The reduction of the shot noise increases the dynamic range and sensitivity of the system.
US07797118B2	Real-time clock calibration method and system Real-time clock calibration is accomplished by generating a fast clock signal and a slow clock signal from an uncompensated clock signal; selectively, momentarily, replacing the uncompensated clock signal with the fast and slow clock signal to generate a compensated clock signal; generating from the compensated clock signal a calibration strobe and window trigger; responding to the window trigger to detect any uncompensated clock signal frequency error and responding to the calibration strobe to selectively, momentarily, replace the uncompensated clock signal with the fast or slow clock signal to reduce the clock signal frequency error.
US07797115B2	Time interval measurement for capacitive detection Capacitive detection systems, modules, and methods. In one embodiment, time interval measurement(s) are generated that are monotonic functions of the capacitance(s) of capacitive sensor(s) in a capacitive sensing area. In one embodiment, the generated time interval measurement(s), or any other monotonic function(s) of capacitance(s) of capacitive sensor(s) in a capacitive sensing area, may be analyzed to detect the presence of an object near the capacitive sensing area and/or to detect the position of an object near the capacitive sensing area.
US07797113B2	Gas turbine performance analysis method and gas turbine performance analysis system A gas turbine performance analysis system includes a performance computation module for receiving an actual measured value of an inlet air temperature introduced to a compressor, a compressor pressure ratio, and a flow rate of fuel supplied to the gas turbine, and for calculating and outputting values of the gas turbine's power output and exhaust temperature based on these actual measured values. A performance estimation module evaluates the performance of the gas turbine based on the deviation between the values of power output and exhaust temperature outputted from the performance computation module and the actual measured values of power output and exhaust temperature. An adjustment module calculates a corrected value of the fuel flow rate based on the actual measured values of inlet air temperature, compressor pressure ratio and fuel flow rate, and inputs the corrected fuel flow rate value into the performance computation module.
US07797110B2	Method for velocity analysis using waveform inversion in Laplace domain for geophysical imaging A Laplace transform system comprising a processor, a measured time domain wavefield, a velocity model, and Laplace damping constants, wherein the processor is programmed to calculate a substantially about zero frequency component of a Fourier transform of a time domain damped wavefield, wherein the time domain damped wavefield is damped by the Laplace damping constants to obtain long wavelength velocity information for deeper subsurface regions.
US07797103B2	Navigation apparatus A navigation apparatus includes an unregistered road detecting means for setting up a detection start point and a detection end point for an unregistered road on registered roads which are respectively located before and behind sections in which matching result data indicates a free state, respectively, the matching result data indicating a matching state when the vehicle is traveling each of the registered roads, for performing a coordinate transformation on a traveling path which is created from positioning data and which is extending between the two points so that the traveling path has coordinates which match with the coordinates of a registered road between them, and for detecting the coordinates of the unregistered road from a portion of the coordinate-transformed traveling path which does not overlap any registered road, and a road data generating means for creating road data about the unregistered road from the coordinates of the unregistered road.
US07797102B2	Flight management system for an aircraft A flight management system for an aircraft, for executing a flight plan comprising referenced waypoints comprising a start point, an end point and intermediate waypoints, the said aircraft having a specified fuel quantity at the start of the said flight plan, executes a function of monitoring the fuel consumption with respect to at least one threshold value. The function comprises an operation for estimating if the quantity of fuel remaining on board drops below a threshold at any point in the flight plan included between the start point and the end point, and inserts a corresponding pseudo-waypoint in the flight plan, corresponding to the point where the said threshold is passed. The inserted pseudo-point is displayed on screens for displaying the flight plan.
US07797101B2	Road map display system for vehicle A road assigned with speed limit information displayed in a display unit is extracted as a determination target road. Whether congestion information for the determination target road is acquired is determined. The determination target road, for which congestion information is acquired, is extracted as a display-switching target road. A display form of speed limit information of the display-switching target road is switched from a usual display form to a congestion display form to thereby inform a user of a presence of the congestion information.
US07797100B2	Navigation systems, methods, and programs Systems, methods, and programs determine whether it is possible to generate statistical values based on a number of pieces of travel history information and a degree of contingency of traffic information in the travel history information. Systems, methods, and programs display, if a predicted travel time is greater than a typical travel time, at least one of a predicted travel time, a predicted arrival time, or a route in a manner that indicates that the predicted travel time is greater than the typical travel time; or display, if the predicted travel time is less than the typical travel time, at least one of the predicted travel time, a predicted arrival time, or the route in a manner that indicates that the predicted travel time is less than the typical travel time.
US07797095B2	Method and device of calculating aircraft braking friction and other relating landing performance parameters based on the data received from aircraft's on board flight data management system This invention relates to method and apparatus of the calculation of aircraft braking friction and other relating landing parameters including but not limited to aircraft braking action, aircraft takeoff distance, aircraft landing distance, runway surface conditions and runway surface friction based on the data collected by and available in the aircraft Flight Data Recorder (FDR) or other flight data management system for example the Quick Access Recorder (QAR) to provide every involved personnel in the ground operations of an airport and airline operations including but not limited to aircraft pilots, airline operation officers and airline managers as well as airport operators, managers and maintenance crews, the most accurate and most recent information on the true aircraft landing performance parameters to help better and more accurate safety and economical decision making.
US07797092B2	Method and system for controlling machine power In one aspect, the present disclosure is directed to a method for controlling power distribution. The method includes monitoring at least one parameter associated with a power source including a fuel limit proximity of the power source, generating a control signal based on the at least one parameter, and reducing a load associated with the power source based on a characteristic of the control signal.
US07797088B2	Method and apparatus for planning linked train movements A scheduling system and method for identifying and planning for the linked movement of two or more trains.
US07797086B2	Process to avoid confusion between landing runways The process according to the invention is one of identifying the landing runway for which an aircraft is heading, wherein on the basis of on-board information and at least one database relative to the configuration of the landing airport zone, it is possible to dynamically evaluate the aircraft touchdown point on the ground to identify the runway for which the aircraft is heading.
US07797082B2	Apparatus and method for stiction compensation in a process control system An apparatus, method, and computer program for stiction compensation in a process control system are provided. A determination is made as to whether a valve is suffering from stiction. A control signal provided to the valve is adjusted in order to at least partially compensate for the stiction suffered by the valve. Adjusting the control signal could include (i) adjusting the control signal to cause the valve to move into a steady-state position and (ii) adjusting the control signal to cause the valve to remain in the steady-state position. Adjusting the control signal to cause the valve to move into the steady-state position could include (a) adjusting the control signal to cause the valve to move from a current position into a new position and (b) adjusting the control signal to cause the valve to move from the new position into the steady-state position.
US07797079B2	Apparatus for controlling robot and method thereof An apparatus for controlling a robot and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes: a state interpretation unit determining whether or not a current situation belongs to a preset unstable state by evaluating the current situation based on a plurality of perception information items; and a target generation unit setting a target action of the robot by comparing the current situation and the determination result with a predetermined value system, and then, modifying the target action by receiving a feedback of the action performance result of the robot as perception information. According to the method and apparatus, by inputting a processing procedure and a value system to solve a variety of unstable states that can occur in situations of a user and circumstances surrounding the robot, the robot can actively respond with actions.
US07797078B2	Sticky note supply device and sticky note printer There is provided a sticky note supply device that separates an uppermost sticky note from a stacks of sticky note one by one so as to discharge to the outside of the device from a discharge section. The sticky note supply device includes a transport unit that separates the sticky note to discharge the sticky note to the outside of the device from the discharge section, a control unit that controls the drive of the transport unit, and a detecting unit that is provided in the discharge section so as to detect whether the sticky note is present or not. When a next sticky note starts to be transported after the sticky note is completely transported by the transport unit and the detecting unit detects the presence, the control unit prohibits the transport unit from being driven.
US07797076B2	Control unit for powder material compression molding machine A control unit for a powder material compression molding machine including a powder material compressor which compresses a powder material filled between compressing members in an adjusted filled amount by making the compressing members approach to each other at a predetermined interval, so as to mold a molded product, and a pressure detector which detects a powder material compressing pressure by the powder material compressor. The control unit including a weight determiner which determines that the weight of filled powder material is normal, a thickness determiner which determines that the thickness of the molded product is abnormal in the case where the pressure detected by the pressure detector falls out of a first predetermined range when the weight determiner determines normality, and a compression controller which controls the powder material compressor when the thickness determiner determines abnormality.
US07797072B2	Prosthetic limb with replaceable fairing A prosthetic limb has an outer surface that is a mirror image of an intact limb. The intact limb is scanned and the surface data is manipulated to create a virtual mirror image. The end of the amputated limb is also scanned to obtain socket data. A virtual limb is designed using a computer program based upon the mirror image and end of the amputated limb data. The computer program is also used to design a removable fairing that provides color and texture to the prosthetic limb.
US07797071B2	Printer system including a placement mechanism for placing objects A printer system is provided for developing a three dimensional (3D) printed structure. The system includes a plurality of spaced apart sets of printing devices. A conveyor system is arranged to serially convey a print medium in register with each set so that printed voxels from each successive set can form successive layers of the 3D printed structure upon the print medium. A placement mechanism is configured to place an object upon layers of the 3D printed structure.
US07797065B2	Automute detection in digital audio amplifiers A digital audio processor for a digital audio receiver having an improved automute sequence is disclosed. The digital audio processor includes automute detection circuitry that monitors the amplitude of digital audio signals before and after the application of digital filters by digital audio processing circuitry. The amplitude of the input signals are compared against a first threshold level, while the amplitude of the output signals are compared against a second threshold level. In response to the amplitude of the input signals for all of the audio channels falling below the first threshold for a selected time period, a gain stage in each channel ramps down the volume to a mute level, and pulse-width-modulation circuitry is disabled. If the output signal amplitude falls below a second threshold for a channel, the pulse-width-modulation circuitry for that channel is disabled. Hysteresis for the input signal amplitude is preferably added into the automute exit determination.
US07797060B2	Prioritization associated with controller engine instances The claimed subject matter provides a system and/or method that facilitates management within an industrial environment. A controller can execute with a real-time operating system such that the controller can include two or more controller engine instances executing as processes on the controller. A partition component can organize one or more controller engine instances based upon priority data corresponding to controller engine instance priority in relation with the industrial environment.
US07797058B2	Devices, systems, and methods employing a molded nerve cuff electrode Devices, systems, and methods for recording, and/or stimulation, and/or blocking of a nerve make use of a molded cuff electrode. An electrically conductive surface is coupled to an inside surface of the cuff's elastic body. The electrically conductive surface and the body assume a coiled configuration in its natural state. An applicator tool having a body and a slider are used to implant the cuff electrode about a nerve.
US07797055B2	Implantable electrode line A device for stimulating a living being having proximal end having an electrical connection to an implantable medical device; having an oblong medial section having a first external diameter, which has at least one first dielectric outer envelope, at least one electrical conductor, at least one electrical stimulation and/or measurement means on the distal end; having distal section having a second outer diameter, which has at least one second dielectric outer envelope and at least one electrical conductor; having distal end having at least one electrical stimulation and/or measurement means; and having a lumen running in the longitudinal direction at least through the proximal end and the medial section. The first external diameter is isodiametric to the second external diameter, the first dielectric outer envelope has the same material properties as the second dielectric outer envelope, and the medial section has a lesser flexibility than the distal section.
US07797050B2	Neural stimulator to treat sleep disordered breathing Various aspects relate to an implantable device. Various device embodiments include at least one sensor for use in detecting sleep disordered breathing, a pulse generator adapted to deliver a first electrical signal through at least one electrode to stimulate a neural target, and a controller adapted to communicate with the at least one sensor and with the pulse generator. The controller is adapted to detect sleep disordered breathing using the at least one sensor and provide a therapy for sleep disordered breathing in response to a detected apneic event. The therapy for sleep disordered breathing is adapted to deliver the first electrical signal through the at least one electrode to induce a cough reflex to terminate the apneic event. Various embodiments stimulate a superior laryngeal nerve, various embodiments stimulate a recurrent laryngeal nerve, and various embodiments stimulate a vagus nerve. Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein.
US07797046B2	Percutaneous neurostimulator for modulating cardiovascular function A neurostimulation device includes an external neurostimulator worn by a patient using a bracing element that braces a portion of the patient's body. The external neurostimulator delivers neurostimulation to modulate a cardiovascular function of the patient. In one embodiment, the external stimulator delivers neurostimulation percutaneously to a stimulation target in the patient's body using at least one percutaneous stimulation electrode having a distal end lodged on or near the stimulation target.
US07797041B2	Transcutaneous neurostimulator for modulating cardiovascular function A neurostimulation device includes an external neurostimulator worn by a patient using a bracing element that braces a portion of the patient's body. The external neurostimulator delivers neurostimulation to modulate a cardiovascular function of the patient. In one embodiment, the external stimulator delivers the neurostimulation transcutaneously to a stimulation target in the patient's body using surface stimulation electrodes placed on the body approximately over the stimulation target.
US07797040B2	Prosthetic devices and methods and systems related thereto Prosthetic devices, methods and systems are disclosed. Eye position and/or neural activity of a primate are recorded and combined. The combination signal is compared with a predetermined signal. The result of the comparison step is used to actuate the prosthetic device.
US07797037B2	Method and apparatus for rate accuracy enhancement in ventricular tachycardia detection An implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD) executes a rate accuracy enhancement algorithm to select measured atrial and ventricular intervals for classifying a detected tachycardia based on average atrial and ventricular rates calculated from the selected atrial and ventricular intervals. The detected tachycardia is classified as ventricular tachycardia (VT) if the average ventricular rate is substantially higher than the average atrial rate.
US07797035B2	Medical scanning system and related method of scanning The present invention is directed to a scanning system that uses uniform rotary motion of an optical reflector to create reciprocal linear scanning. The system converts uniform rotation into uniform longitudinal scanning. The system thereby creates mechanical reciprocal linear scanning free of reciprocally moving mechanical parts common in conventional scanning systems. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the scanning system is incorporated within an imaging catheter for medical scanning. The optical reflector is rotatable and includes a spiral reflecting portion. The spiral reflecting portion may be a single uniform reflecting surface or may include several reflection surfaces arranged in a spiral configuration.
US07797033B2	Method of using, and determining location of, an ingestible capsule The present invention broadly provides an improved ingestible capsule (28) that is arranged to sense one or more physiological parameters within a mammalian body, an to transmit such parameters to an extra-corporeal receiver (50). In use, the capsule and receiver perform the method of determining the real-time location of the capsule within a tract of a mammal. This method includes the steps of providing the capsule, the capsule having one or more sensors, ingesting the capsule, transmitting a signal from the capsule, receiving the transmitted signal, and determining the real-time location of the capsule within the tract as a function of the received signal. The received signal may also indicate the value of one or more sensed parameters.
US07797030B2	Clinical tool for structure localization A method for localizing an internal body structure during an image-guided procedure that includes obtaining a three dimensional image of a body portion containing a targeted structure and selected reference structures; determining a set of landmark point coordinates for defining the location of each of the targeted and reference structures; computing triangulation parameters relating the location of the landmark points for the targeted structure and the reference structures; and, during an image-guided procedure, using the computed triangulation parameters to plot an estimated location of the targeted structure on an intra-operative image in which the reference structures have been identified.
US07797028B2	System and methods for processing analyte sensor data Systems and methods for processing sensor analyte data, including initiating calibration, updating calibration, evaluating clinical acceptability of reference and sensor analyte data, and evaluating the quality of sensor calibration. During initial calibration, the analyte sensor data is evaluated over a period of time to determine stability of the sensor. The sensor may be calibrated using a calibration set of one or more matched sensor and reference analyte data pairs. The calibration may be updated after evaluating the calibration set for best calibration based on inclusion criteria with newly received reference analyte data. Fail-safe mechanisms are provided based on clinical acceptability of reference and analyte data and quality of sensor calibration. Algorithms provide for optimized prospective and retrospective analysis of estimated blood analyte data from an analyte sensor.
US07797022B2	Method and apparatus for wireless components for hearing communication devices A hearing communication device with wireless components is provided. One aspect of this disclosure relates to hearing communication devices, which include, but are not limited to, hearing aids and other hearing assistance devices. According to an embodiment, the device includes an enclosure and at least one microphone within the enclosure. The device also includes an amplifier, a speaker, and a signal processing circuit within the enclosure. In various embodiments, the device includes a power supply, such as a battery, electrically connected to the at least one microphone, the amplifier, the speaker and the signal processing circuit. In varying embodiments, at least one of the at least one microphone, the amplifier, the speaker and the signal processing circuit is adapted to communicate wirelessly. Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein.
US07797021B2	Print medium having linear and two-dimensional coded data A print medium is provided which has a surface provided with first coded data in a linear pattern encoding first information and second coded data in a two-dimensional coordinate grid encoding second information. The first and second information are indicative of a print media identifier linked to a product. The print media identifier is able to be determined using a sensor module of a mobile telecommunications device. The product is retrievable from a database using the print media identifier.
US07797019B2	Shared image database with geographic navigation There is disclosed a system and method for operating an image database shared by a plurality of users. In an embodiment, each image captured by a user and stored in a shared image database is associating with the geographic coordinates of the location at which the image was captured. A search engine for the image database is configured to accept geographic coordinates as a search criterion for locating at least one captured image stored in the shared image database. The search engine may be configured to accept as a search criterion user specified numeric geographic coordinates, or geographic coordinates generated by user navigation and selection of a desired point on a map. The search engine may also be configured to accept a range of geographic coordinates to locate a plurality of user-captured images within a certain range of a geographic location.
US07797017B2	System and method for rapidly configuring wireless transceivers A system and method for configuring a wireless transceiver are disclosed. As one example, a system for configuring a wireless transceiver is disclosed, which includes a first data storage unit coupled to a configuration bus disposed in the wireless transceiver, a second data storage unit coupled to the configuration bus, a change detection unit coupled to the second data storage unit, the change detection configured to detect a change to a value stored in the second data storage unit, and output a signal responsive to the change, and a third data storage unit coupled to the first data storage unit, the second data storage unit, and the change detection unit. The third data storage unit is configured to store a plurality of predefined configuration data sets, and convey a predefined configuration data set to the first data storage unit responsive to the signal.
US07797014B2	Apparatus and method for performing uplink power control in broadband wireless access system An apparatus and method for uplink (UL) power control in a broadband wireless access (BWA) communication system are provided. In a communication method for a base station (BS), the channel gain, noise power and speed of each MS are determined, and the maximum allowable power of each mobile station (MS) are calculated using the determined channel gain, noise power and speed of each MS. Because the UL power is controlled according to the speed of the MS and the distance from the BS, the method can provide higher system capacity than the conventional power adaptation scheme.
US07797011B2	Communication method and communication equipment in the PoC service The present invention aims at permitting users of the equipments to exchange mutually their own wills easily in a PoC service not to take a floor. In a PoC service that attains a half duplex talk session using a packet communication between the plurality of equipments via a PoC server, a PoC server 20 for controlling a communication relay among a plurality of equipments includes a managing unit 20a for managing the user equipments connected to the PoC server 20, an acquiring unit 20b for acquiring a key operation of each equipment as operation information, and a transmitting unit 20c for transmitting the acquired operation information to the equipments that the managing unit 20a manages.
US07797007B2	System and method to dynamically manage a talk group signaling type A transmission capability of a mobile station that requests to be affiliated with a talk group is received. It is then determined whether to alter a current transmission mode of the talk group based at least in part upon the transmission capability of the mobile station, the current transmission mode of the talk group, and the transmission mode of one or more radio frequency (RF) sites associated with the talk group.
US07797002B2	Paging control method, paging control apparatus, and radio access network In a radio access network in which a radio network controller is subjected to load distribution by a plurality of controllers, one of the controllers is set as a page controller that processes a paging message transmitted from a core network to the radio access network. When the paging control apparatus receives the paging message transmitted from the core network to the radio access network, the paging control apparatus judges a transmission destination of the paging message and transmits the paging message to the controllers that control a base station at the transmission destination.
US07796998B1	Method and system for delivery of a calling party's location A method and system for providing a service that delivers location information associated with a caller. The service operates in both wireline and wireless networks, providing called parties with the location information of calling parties who use either stationary terminal devices or mobile devices. The service can operate as a stand alone service or can be a part of a calling name delivery service (or caller-ID service), delivering location information in addition to the conventional name, number, date, and time. The primary components of the present invention include a service control point, an address database in communication with the service control point, and a network that tracks the locations of mobile network users. The system further includes a mapping converter if the location data provided by the network is not meaningful to a subscriber.
US07796996B2	Wireless device The wireless device judges whether information transmitted and received by the user devices is non-realtime system data or realtime system data, acquires a receiving sensitivity of each channel, transmits, to a server, the number of user devices, a notification that the information transmitted and received is the non-realtime system data or the realtime system data, and the receiving sensitivity of each channel, and receives, when transmitting to the server the notification that the information transmitted and received by the user devices is the non-realtime system data, a first channel information sent by the server, and further receives, when transmitting to the server the notification that the information transmitted and received by the user devices is the realtime system data, a second channel information sent by the server.
US07796995B2	Asynchronous signaling and data delivery in wireless communication system A system and method for signaling and delivering group communication data, such as push-to-talk (PTT) setup data, to a dormant wireless telecommunication device across a control channel on a wireless communication network. Each wireless telecommunication device is able to direct a single group communication stream to a designated target group of other wireless telecommunication devices, and the wireless telecommunication device has a dormant state in which the wireless telecommunication devices bridges a control channel with a communication server and an active state in which the wireless telecommunication device bridges a dedicated communication channel with the communication server. The wireless telecommunication device receives group communication setup data though a control channel for incoming group communications, and such delivery occurring without fully bridging a dedicated communication channel to that wireless telecommunication device.
US07796993B2	Method for providing location value of target terminal in location information providing system A method for providing a location value of a Target (SET) in a location information providing system is provided, wherein an Home Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) Location Platform (H-SLP) also checks a period for a positioning and it transmits a positioning start inducing message to the Target SET if an Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) TRIGGERED START message does not arrive from the Target SET within a specific time interval from a beginning of the corresponding period. Therefore, there is a complementary effect on that the positioning can be performed in the preset period.
US07796989B2	Integrated wireless/wireline registration A system and method are disclosed for routing telephone calls directed to a wireless unit located in the wireless network to a landline device located in the landline network. The system utilizes a location register in the form of a service control point (SCP) located in the landline network to store certain information pertaining to landline numbers and respective routing numbers associated with landline devices. The SCP is functionally coupled to a Visitors' Location Register (VLR) as well as to a landline network element that facilitates the routing of communications to both landline devices and over to the MTSO and its associated Home Location Register (HLR) in the wireless network. The system provides for the registering of the wireless unit with the landline network by the dialing of an administrative number from a landline device and causes the VLR in the landline network to directly communicate with the HLR in the wireless network to keep both the landline and the wireless networks up to date as to the registration status and specific routing for the various subscribers. The system is thereby able to route calls efficiently and to alleviate the tromboning effect that often occurs when calls are redirected from a wireless unit to a landline device.
US07796987B2	Apparatus, and associated method, for synchronizing a mobile station with a radio network Apparatus, and an associated method, for facilitating synchronization of a mobile station with a radio network in a GSM/EDGE-compatible, cellular communication system. The FCCH is monitored to obtain positional and frequency offset information. Once obtained, the information is used to obtain SCH burst information broadcast upon an SCH. Monitoring of the FCCH continues while the SCH burst information is detected and decoded. If additional FCCH control information is detected that has an associated quality metric value that is better than the quality metric value associated with earlier FCCH, control information, the newly-received information is used to detect the SCH burst information, absent successful decoding of the SCH burst information.
US07796982B2	Wireless controller device A remote wireless device is provided that operates a user interface specific to a particular target application or device. The wireless device receives information regarding the status or operation of the target's application, and uses that information to determine what information and controls to present to the remote user. The remote user views information regarding the target application, and makes desired control selections using the available controls. The wireless device generates a message according to the control selections, and transmits the message to the target device. The target device acts responsive to the control message, and updated operational information may be sent to the remote wireless device.
US07796977B2	Voice mailbox configuration methods and apparatus for mobile communication devices In one illustrative example disclosed, a mobile communication device includes a user interface, a processor, and a wireless transmitter. The user interface includes, among other things, a visual display which is part of a graphical user interface (GUI). For configuring a voice mailbox at a remote voicemail system, the GUI visually displays a user input prompt for voice mailbox configuration information which corresponds to an audible user input prompt provided by the voicemail system. The user input prompt may be, for example, a prompt for a user password, an audible voicemail greeting, or an audible user name for the voice mailbox. Through the user interface, the voice mailbox configuration information is received by the processor in response to the user input prompt and transmitted to the voicemail system by the wireless transmitter. Advantageously, the mobile device provides a consistent user-friendly GUI for voice mailbox configuration as well as for its primary applications.
US07796975B2	Method of transferring data files to and from a portable wireless communication device Disclosed is a method of transferring data files from an internal memory within a portable wireless communication device to an external storage device by means of a wireless communication network. A connection is automatically established between the portable wireless communication device and the external storage device via the wireless communication network when a preset trigger condition within the portable wireless communication device occurs. Data files are automatically transferred from the portable wireless communication device to the external storage device using the established connection.
US07796972B2	Method and system for automatic calling unit replenishment A method for automatically replenishing vehicle calling units is disclosed herein. The method includes selecting, in response to a user input, a call unit rate plan including parameters designating automatic replenishment of calling units for loading into a telematics unit. A calling plan configuration signal is transmitted to the telematics unit, where the calling plan configuration signal is indicative of the selected call unit rate plan parameters. The telematics unit is configured with the selected call unit rate plan parameters. A current cycle of the rate plan is monitored, via the telematics unit, for its expiration; and the telematics unit determines whether an additional cycle is available in a plan duration upon expiration of the current cycle. If the additional cycle is available, the telematics unit automatically replenishes the calling units to a number of calling units available per cycle upon the expiration of the current cycle.
US07796970B2	Integrated low noise amplifier An integrated circuit (IC) low noise amplifier includes an on-chip balun and an on-chip differential amplifier. The on-chip balun is coupled to convert a single-ended signal into a differential signal. The on-chip differential amplifier is coupled to amplify the differential signal.
US07796964B2	Intermediate-frequency type radio signal receiver A radio signal receiver includes an input for receiving an input signal having an input carrier frequency modulated by a payload signal to be detected. A frequency converter changes the carrier frequency of the input signal and produces an intermediate signal that is an image of the input signal, and has a carrier frequency equal to an intermediate frequency. A filter circuit filters the intermediate signal. A demodulator eliminates a component, with a frequency equal to the intermediate frequency, from the filtered intermediate frequency, and produces the payload signal. The receiver also includes a detection circuit to produce a level signal representative of a level of the payload signal. A control circuit applies a control signal representative of the level signal to a control input of the frequency converter, the filter circuit and the demodulator.
US07796956B2	Receiver for a multi-antenna, multi-band radio A front-end architecture and processing method for a receiver in a multi-antenna, multi-band radio. Band-dependent components for multiple frequency bands are not duplicated in each receive chain. In one embodiment, a first receive chain includes band-dependent components for the first frequency band only. A second receive chain includes band-dependent components for the second frequency band only. The receive chains may be dedicated to particular antennas, or a switch may be utilized to route signals from different antennas to the different band-dependent components. Each receive chain may include band-independent components, or a single set of band-independent components may be utilized for the different receive chains by multiplexing the output of the band-dependent component sections.
US07796954B2	Presence of communication interlock method and apparatus for reducing or eliminating aircraft communications radio interference In one exemplary illustrative non-limiting aircraft radio communications system, a “POCI” (“Presence Of Communication Interlock”) is comprised of a double balanced low pass LC filter covering the voice range. The voice signals coming from the two VHF's are filtered and processed by an amplifier at an adequate level to be peak detected. The resulting signal is applied to an amplifier with a defined hysteresis and time constant and finally drives the relay interlock circuit that inhibits an ACARS VHF radio from transmitting whenever other on-board comm. VHF transceivers are receiving voice signals. Visual indicators provide information on system operation and system power failure.
US07796953B2	Transmitter, power amplifier and filtering method A filtering method, a transceiver and a transmitter are provided. The transmitter comprises a power amplifier amplifying an RF signal and having multiple stages, and a local oscillator, the power amplifier comprising between at least two stages of the power amplifier an impedance circuitry for forming an impedance at a frequency related to the frequency of the local oscillator, and a switch for switching the impedance of the impedance circuitry means to RF frequency.
US07796950B2	Dual mode GSM and WLAN mobile communication device A mobile communication device (1000) includes a CPU (1300), a first antenna (1110), a first front-end circuit (1120), a second antenna (1210), and a second front-end circuit (1220). The first antenna transmits and receives first signals. The first front-end circuit, located between the first antenna and the CPU, includes a first switch (1122), a first power amplifier (1124), and a first filter. The second antenna transmits and receives second signals. The second front-end circuit, located between the second antenna and the CPU, includes a second switch (1221), a second power amplifier (1223), a second filter (1222), and at least one third filter (1224). The second switch is connected to the second antenna. The second power amplifier amplifies signals from the CPU. The second filter is connected to the second switch and the second power amplifier. The third filter is connected to the second switch.
US07796949B2	Wireless communications terminal, communications protocol switching method, communications protocol switching program, and integrated circuit of wireless communications terminal A wireless communications terminal prevents radio interferences caused by other wireless communications concurrent with a contactless communication. A wireless communications terminal receives, in a contactless communication, a command from a reader/writer via a second wireless communications section, and analyzes the received command. The wireless communications terminal controls a wireless communications control section to deactivate or temporarily deactivate the function of a first wireless communications section depending on the analysis of the command. After the function of the first wireless communications section is deactivated or temporarily deactivated, the wireless communications terminal accesses a memory area of an IC card microcomputer system as specified by the command to perform a contactless communication.
US07796946B2	Automatic resource availability using bluetooth A method, apparatus, and system for automatically sharing data resources between Bluetooth devices. A Bluetooth device is paired with a “trusted” Bluetooth device. When paired devices are found, the Bluetooth device automatically allows the other device to present a virtual representation of data that is shared. The shared data can be selectively downloaded for use by the other device as long as the devices are in proximity. In an alternate embodiment, the devices may share pairing information with a network, so that the same shared resource can be made available at a large number of access points but specifically only for one paired, trusted device.
US07796944B2	Communication system for dynamic management of a plurality of objects and method therefor A communication system (100) dynamically manages a plurality of objects (105). Each object (120) has a communication device (145) placed within or in close proximity to the object (120) for communicating a plurality of object information (245). A group controller (220) communicates with the communication device (145) and takes over responsibility for communication within the communication system (100) for the communication device (145) when the object location (130) comes within a communication range of the group controller (220).
US07796943B2	Sub-surface communications system and method A communications system including: a plurality of sub-surface portable transceivers each including: a digital data source, a modulator coupled to the digital data source, a power amplifier coupled to the modulator and a loop antenna inductively coupled to the power amplifier; and a base transceiver including: an electrically insulated ferrite core antenna for receiving magnetic signals, an electric di-pole antenna for receiving ambient noise, a noise canceller coupled to the insulated ferrite core antenna and electric dipole antenna and responsive to the electric-dipole antenna to filter noise from signals received via the insulated ferrite core antenna, a demodulator coupled to the noise canceller and a decoder coupled to the demodulator.
US07796940B2	Personal audio player with wireless filesharing and radio recording and timeshifting A portable MP3 player, which includes radio capability therein. The device includes a radio part which enables receiving radio, either over the airwaves, or via a network. The radio information can be time shared for later use, and sequences within the radio information can be identified for storage within the memory. The memory can store compressed information, such as MP3 information, indicative of songs which are stored. The memory can also store information that is received over the radio.
US07796934B2	Image forming method using cleaning blade and image forming apparatus with cleaning blade An image forming method in which an image carrier that has a surface layer containing a resin having a crosslinking structure is used; a material of a portion of the cleaning blade which portion contacts the surface of the image carrier satisfies 3.92≦M≦29.42, 0>α≦0.294, and S≧250; an absolute value of difference in circumferential velocity between the image carrier and the intermediate transfer member is larger than zero; a polishing agent is present at a contact portion between the image carrier and the intermediate transfer member; M represents 100% modulus; α represents a ratio of a change in stress (Δ stress) to a change in a strain amount (Δ strain amount) from 100% strain to 200% strain in a stress-strain curve; and S represents a breaking elongation measured according to JIS K6251 using a dumbbell type #3 test piece.
US07796933B2	Fixing device using electromagnetic induction heating and image forming apparatus including same An image forming apparatus includes a fixing device to fix a toner image on a recording medium by applying heat. Such a fixing device includes at least a magnetic flux generator, a heat generating roller, a magnetic shunt layer, and a protective layer. The magnetic flux generator is configured to generate magnetic flux. The heat generating roller including a heat generating layer is configured to generate heat by the magnetic flux. The magnetic shunt layer may be formed independently of the heat generating layer. The protective layer is provided on an inner surface of the magnetic shunt layer and configured to cover a crack formed in the magnetic shunt layer during fabrication of the magnetic shunt layer. An image is fixed onto the recording medium by the heat from the heat generating roller. Alternatively, the magnetic shunt layer may be integrally provided with the heat generating layer.
US07796932B2	Fuser assembly including a nip release mechanism A fuser assembly is provided comprising first and second fuser structures, drive apparatus and nip engagement and release apparatus. The first fuser structure comprises a heated rotatable member and first structure for supporting the heated rotatable member. The second fuser structure comprises a rotatable backup member positioned adjacent the heated rotatable member and second structure for supporting the backup member. The rotatable backup member is adapted to define a nip with the heated member. The drive apparatus is associated with one of the heated rotatable member and the backup member for effecting rotation of the one member in a selected first direction or a second direction. The nip engagement and release apparatus comprises nip-loading structure adapted to apply a sufficient force to one of the first and second support structures to achieve a desired nip load in response to the one member rotating in the first direction and decreasing the force to the one support structure to decrease the load at the nip in response to the one member rotating in the second direction. The nip engagement and release apparatus applies and decreases the force without the use of a sensor feedback loop.
US07796931B2	Heating apparatus including electrically conductive heat producing layer providing short heat increase time and temperature uniformity A heating apparatus which can increase the temperature of a heating element to a target temperature in a short time and ensures temperature uniformity of the heating element. In the heating apparatus, when the specific resistance of a material of a heat generating layer of a heating roller is ρ (μ′Ωcm), the average thickness of the heat generating layer is 5ρ (μm) or more but not more than 15ρ (μm), and the thickness error is 1.2ρ (μm) or less. For instance, when the heat generating layer is copper having a specific resistance of 1.7 (μ′Ωcm), the average thickness of the heat generating layer is 8-25 (μm), and the thickness error is 2 (μm) or less. Thus, the heating roller having a short heat increasing time and excellent temperature uniformity is provided.
US07796929B2	Method of detecting a phase difference of image bearing members and an image forming apparatus using the method An image forming apparatus uses a method of detecting a phase difference of the image bearing members such that an image transferring member receives a reference toner mark and a reference image pattern carried by and a reference image bearing member and corresponding image patterns carried by respective corresponding image bearing members for at least one circumferential length of each image bearing member perpendicular to the moving direction of the image transferring member, a plurality of detectors detect the reference and corresponding image patterns, and a controller controls the image bearing members to have a positional relation of the reference image bearing member and each corresponding image bearing member for which the sum of the elapsed time difference of the image pattern with respect to the reference image pattern is minimum.
US07796925B2	Developer holder, image forming unit, and image forming apparatus A developer cartridge holds toner therein. A chamber is A shutter rotates in slide contact with the arcuate surface of the chamber, being movable either to a closing position where the shutter closes the first opening or to an opening position where the shutter opens the first opening. A rotating shaft is rotatably supported in the chamber. A resilient scraper blade has one end fixed to the rotating shaft and extends from the rotating shaft to scrape the arcuate surface when the rotating body rotates. When the scraper blade extends through the first opening, the scraper blade extends in a direction at an angle with a line tangent to an arcuate plane in which the arcuate surface lies, the scraper blade. The angle is in the range of 30 to 70 degrees.
US07796921B2	Image forming apparatus capable of reducing an occurrence of developer depletion in a development unit An image forming apparatus includes an electrostatic latent image carrier carrying an electrostatic latent image and a development unit that develops the electrostatic latent image. The development unit includes a developer carrier, first, second, and third developer conveyers, and an opening area. The developer carrier is disposed opposing to the electrostatic latent image carrier. The first developer conveyer supplies a developer to the developer carrier. The second developer conveyer conveys the developer, and transports the developer to the first developer conveyer at a downstream side of the second developer conveyer. The third developer conveyer collects the developer, conveys the developer, and transports the developer to the second developer conveyer in a downstream side of the third developer conveyer. The opening area, disposed higher than a lowermost point of the first developer conveyer, allows the developer to drop from the first developer conveyer to the second developer conveyer.
US07796917B2	Color printer toner transfer belt system and process A system and method to replace a transfer belt of a color laser printer transfer belt assembly without replacing the entire assembly, including one or more novel holding fixtures and a method for releasing the tension on the transfer belt prior to removal of the transfer belt from the assembly, then reapplying tension to a replacement transfer belt and, optionally, replacing the motor assembly and/or the microchip that controls operation of the transfer belt assembly.
US07796913B2	Toner removal apparatus with profiled blade A cleaning station for removing particulate material from a moving web in an electrographic printer/copier includes a customer-replaceable web-cleaner device with a support bracket/backup shoe assembly. The web-cleaner has two wiper blades, including one or more profiled metal blades, each having a distinguishment such that the distinguishment distinguishes one wiper blade from the other wiper blade when the blades are locked into the cleaner sump by springs, to facilitate material removed from the web. The wiper cleaning blades and the cover assembly are easily replaceable by the operator in the correct order.
US07796904B2	Apparatus and method of driving developing unit and image forming apparatus employing the same A developing unit driving apparatus which drives a developing unit having a toner cartridge to accommodate a toner, a developing part disposed in the toner cartridge to develop the toner to a photosensitive body, and a toner supplying part provided in the toner cartridge to supply the toner to the developing part, the apparatus includes: a driving source; a first power transmitter which transmits power supplied from the driving source to the developing part; and a second power transmitter which transmits the power supplied from the driving source to the toner supplying part except when the developing part is driven.
US07796899B2	Image forming system and use status display program An image forming system includes: a computer; an image forming apparatus configured to be coupled to the computer; an inquiry unit which inquires, to the image forming apparatus, about a use status thereof; an acquisition unit which acquires the use status from the image forming apparatus, to which the inquiry unit has inquired; and a display unit which displays the use status acquired by the acquisition unit distinguishably whether the image forming apparatus is controllable by the computer.
US07796898B2	Methods and apparatus for generation and transmission of optical signals Methods and apparatus (100) for composing, generating and transmitting information-bearing optical signals are provided. An information-bearing electrical signal is composed (108) having desirable spectral properties, preferably configured to ensure that undesired interference between electrical spectral components generated in a square-law direct detection process (120) at a corresponding optical receiver (104) is substantially avoided. Predistortion (110) is advantageously applied to transmitted signals, in order to account for a nonlinear relationship arising in a modulation process (114) between electrical signal amplitude and corresponding optical field amplitude. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques may be applied to composed signals having the desired characteristics, and additionally may facilitate the application of frequency domain equalisation (128) in order to mitigate transmission impairments, including dispersion. Improvements in received signal quality, and/or transmission distance, may thereby be achieved, along with simplification of receiver configuration and operation.
US07796897B2	WDM optical transmission system and WDM optical transmission method A WDM optical transmission system of the invention: detects an optical waveform of an intensity-modulated optical signal adjacent to a phase-modulated optical signal in a wavelength range; calculates a phase modulation drive waveform for canceling XPM of the phase-modulated optical signal affected by the adjacent intensity-modulated optical signal in the optical transmission path, based on the detected result; and additionally phase-modulates the phase-modulated optical signal synchronously with the adjacent intensity-modulated optical signal, according to the drive waveform, to thereby compensate the XPM. As a result, excellent transmission characteristics can be realized.
US07796887B2	Wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system, and wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission method The invention aims to provide an optical transmission system that specifies such a transmission condition so as to obtain high spectrum efficiency and a large transmission distance-capacity product at the same time, and uses low cost and small sized optical senders and optical receivers, to realize a high density wavelength multiplexing optical transmission. For this purpose, a WDM optical transmission system of the invention has a system structure that specifies by calculation the spectrum efficiency at which transmission distance-capacity product becomes a maximum value based on the determination of the type of signal light modulation and the assumption of an equation model expressing transmission characteristics of an optical multiplexer and an optical demultiplexer, and optimizes a bit rate and frequency spacing of signal light output from each optical sender, and the transmission characteristics of the optical multiplexer and the optical demultiplexer, so as to approach the spectrum efficiency.
US07796886B2	Distributed terminal optical transmission system Optical signals generated from customer premise equipment (CPE) at the edges of the metro domain networks are facilitated. The CPEs connect to extension terminals that transform the optical signal originating at the CPE into a format for long haul transmission. The optical signal then propagates to a primary terminal where the signal is multiplexed with other optical signals from other extension terminals. The multiplexed signals are then transmitted to a second primary terminal. The signal is then demultiplexed from other optical signals and transmitted to the proper extension terminal. At the extension terminal, the demultiplexed optical signal is transformed from its LH format back into a format suitable for inter-connection to a CPE. The signal undergoes optical-to-electrical conversion only at the extension terminals or end points, which can be located at lessee's facility. The only equipment located in lessor's facility is the primary terminal containing line amplifiers and add/drop nodes.
US07796885B2	Distribution optical elements and compound collecting lenses for broadcast optical interconnect Methods and apparatus are described for distribution optical elements and compound collector lenses for a broadcast interconnect. An apparatus includes a broadcast optical interconnect including: a plurality of nodes positioned to define a node array, each of the plurality of nodes having at least one optical signal emitter and a plurality of optical signal receivers positioned to define a receiver array that substantially corresponds to the node array; and a plurality of optics optically coupled to the array of nodes, the plurality of optics positioned to define an optics array that substantially corresponds to the node array and the receiver array, each of the plurality of optics including at least one optical distributing element and an optical collecting element, wherein an optical signal from the optical signal emitter is fanned-out by the at least one optical distributing element of one of the optics and broadcast to one of the plurality of receivers of all of the plurality of nodes by the optical collecting element of all of the plurality of optics.
US07796881B2	Camera module A camera module (100), includes a lens holder (120), a lens barrel (110) threaded in the lens holder, a lens (112) received in the lens barrel, and a plurality of resilient elements (148) connecting the lens with the lens barrel. The camera module further includes a plurality of shape memory alloy elements (142) with a preset shape. Each of the shape memory alloy elements includes two ends, one end attached to the lens, and the other attached to the lens holder. The shape memory alloy elements and the resilient elements cooperatively move the lens relative to the lens holder.
US07796880B2	Flash device and image capturing device having same A flash device includes a flash module and a color wheel. The flash module includes a flash lamp and a trigger circuit for triggering the flash lamp. The color wheel includes a color filter disk. The color filter disk includes a number of filter segments, wherein each of the filter segments is capable of being inserted into the light-emitting path of the flash lamp by rotation the color filter disk.
US07796879B2	Autofocus system The present invention provides an autofocus system comprising: a lens device interchangeably attached to a camera and provided with an autofocus device which controls focus so that a subject within a predetermined AF area range within the image-taking range of the camera is focused; a controller which is connected to the lens device as an accessory device and which gives AF area information specifying the AF area range to the autofocus device, the autofocus system; an AF area information acquisition device which acquires the AF area information given to the autofocus device from the controller; and an AF area display device which visibly displays the AF area range in a picture taken by the camera based on the AF area information acquired by the AF area information acquisition device.
US07796875B2	Focusing system and method for enhancing resolution of an optical system An exemplary focusing method for enhancing resolution of an optical system is provided. The method includes: focusing on an object and obtaining an image of the object by a lens assembly of the optical system, using a designated point within a motion range of an auto focusing (AF) lens in the lens assembly to calculate; determine a first coordinate and a second coordinate of the AF lens according to resolution of the image; obtaining a direction and distance for positioning the AF lens according to the two coordinates, driving the AF lens to move along the direction of motion, and limiting the range of motion of the AF lens to obtain an optimum focusing location to focus on the object according to the motion distance. A related system is also provided.
US07796873B2	Anti-shake apparatus An anti-shake apparatus (an image-stabilization apparatus) of a photographing device comprises a movable unit and a controller. The movable unit has an imaging device and is movable and rotatable for an anti-shake operation. The controller controls the movable unit for the anti-shake operation. The controller calculates a hand-shake angle caused by roll. The controller controls whether the anti-shake operation is performed for correcting hand-shake caused by roll, on the basis of the hand-shake angle caused by roll.
US07796869B2	Photobooth A portable photobooth system includes a frame, fabric, a movable curtain, and a digital camera. The frame includes a plurality of tubular members configured to be connected together and capable of disassembly for storage and transport. The plurality of tubular members of the frame includes a substantially vertically-extending first bar and a U-shaped fitting attached to the first bar. The fabric covers at least portions of the frame to define a rectangular box-like enclosure having a doorway. The movable curtain is configured for covering the doorway. The digital camera is supported by the U-shaped fitting.
US07796868B2	Device and method for heating liquids, and base structure Devices for heating liquids have been known for a long time. The applications of these devices can also be of very diverse nature. Such heating devices are thus for instance already applied on a large scale as, or applied as component in, water kettles, dishwashers, washing machines, coffee-making machines, shower water heaters and the like. The invention relates to a device for heating liquids. The invention also relates to a base structure for use in such a device. The invention further relates to a method for heating liquids.
US07796866B2	Digital versatile disc recording apparatus and cell-by-cell edition method using the same A digital versatile disc (DVD) recording apparatus and a cell-by-cell edition method using the same are provided. The DVD recording apparatus records images on a DVD in video format when the DVD is loaded on a DVD drive. The cell-by-cell edition method comprises recording the image on the DVD and temporarily storing cell information in relation to a plurality of cells constituting the image; displaying a representative image of the plurality of cells on a graphical user interface (GUI) which is connected to the DVD recording apparatus; and creating navigation data using the cell information when a user edits the plurality of cells while viewing the representative image, and storing the created navigation data on the DVD.
US07796863B2	Apparatus and computer-readable program for generating volume image Provided is a generating apparatus that generates a DVD-Video volume image, and a BD-ROM volume image, that each have: a digital stream, path information, and a jump table, where in the respective digital streams, a button command to be executed by a playback apparatus, in playing back the digital stream, is incorporated. A BD-scenario generating apparatus 7 obtains path information, a jump table, and a button command, which are for the BD-ROM, by converting any one of the description schemes for the path information, the jump table, and the button command for the DVD-Video.
US07796861B2	Video reproducing apparatus In a video reproducing apparatus of the present invention, it is monitored during reproduction whether or not there is a change in recording rate of a reproduced video signal. When there is a change in recording rate, a ratio of a reproducing rate to a recording rate is changed. This can realize a video reproducing apparatus capable of always reproducing the video at an appropriate rate to checking of the video regardless of a change in recording rate.
US07796855B2	Electro-optic polymer devices with semiconducting oligomer clads An electro-optic waveguide device comprising an electro-optic polymer core and at least one crosslinked polymer clad, wherein the crosslinked polymer clad is comprised of a first constitutional unit derived from a compound having the formula wherein, m=0-6; n=0-1; q=1-3; y=0-3; Ar1 is an aryl or heteroaryl group; and independently at each occurrence p=0-1; R is an alkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, or heteroaryl group; Ar2 is an aryl or heteroaryl group; and X is a crosslinkable group. The R group may be an alkyl or heteroalkyl group with at least 6 atoms in a straight chain. In some embodiments, the R group is an alkoxy capped oligoalkylene group. Other embodiments include a polymer comprising a first constitutional unit derived from a compound having the formula described above.
US07796852B2	Ferrule for optical wave guide An apparatus includes an optical wave guide and a ferrule. The optical wave guide has a prespecified horizontal-positioning surface and a prespecified vertical-positioning surface. The ferrule is to precisely couple with the optical wave guide. The ferrule defines a first datum plane mating with the prespecified vertical-positioning surface of the optical wave guide to precisely mechanically vertically position the optical wave guide within the ferrule. The ferrule defines a second datum plane mating with the prespecified horizontal-positioning surface of the optical wave guide to precisely mechanically horizontally position the optical wave guide within the ferrule.
US07796848B2	Electronic apparatus An electronic apparatus includes: a first frame and a second frame that are relatively movable; a frame boundary portion that is provided between the first frame and the second frame; a light emitting portion that is provided on the first frame and transmits an optical signal; a light receiving portion that is provided on the second frame and receives the optical signal; and an optical transmission medium that transmits the optical signal between the frame boundary portion and at least one of the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion, wherein an optical transmission between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion via the optical transmission medium is effected at the frame boundary portion by a spatial optical transmission.
US07796847B2	Electrical stimuli of MEMS devices Methods for applying electrical stimuli to optical micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) devices are disclosed. Electrical stimuli may be applied to one or more released current carrying elements mounted above a supporting substrate biased to minimize electrostatic force between the one or more current released current carrying elements and the supporting substrate. Additionally, the electrical stimuli bias minimizes electrical potential difference between the one or more released current carrying elements and one or more non-current carrying elements mounted above the supporting substrate that come in contact or close proximity during operation of the one or more released current carrying elements.
US07796846B2	Optical integrated device and method of manufacturing the same An optical integrated device comprises a substrate and a waveguide formed on a surface of the substrate. The waveguide includes a lower clad layer, a core layer formed on the lower clad layer and having a refractive index greater than that of the lower clad layer, and an upper clad layer formed on the core layer and having a refractive index smaller than that of the core layer. The waveguide further includes a straight waveguide part and a bending waveguide part curved in a plane parallel to the surface of the substrate. The lower clad layer in the bending waveguide part projects from the substrate by a projection height greater than that of the lower clad layer in the straight waveguide part.
US07796844B2	Temperature-compensated fibre optic strain gauge A temperature-compensated fibet optic strain gauge (10) for measuring strain of a host structure (5), the strain gauge (10) comprising: a mount (20) having a void (19) separating a first section (17) from a second section (18); a first fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (30); a second fiber Bragg grating (FBG) (40); and removable bridging portions (24) adjacent to the void (19) to connect the first section (17) to the second section (18), the bridging portions (24) being removed after the mount (20) is operatively attached to the host structure (5); wherein a right-side failure proof feature is provided by detecting whether a reflection wavelength reverts to an original Bragg wavelength of the first FBG (40) to indicate whether the first FBG (40) has broken.
US07796839B2	Method of detecting the orientation of an object in an image A method of detecting the orientation of a radiographic image represented by a digital signal representation wherein mathematical moments of the digital signal representation are calculated relative to different reference entities and wherein a decision on the orientation of the radiographic image, for example the position of the thorax edge in a mammographic image, is obtained on the basis of an extreme value (minimum, maximum) of the calculated moments.
US07796838B2	Imaging apparatus, processing method of the apparatus making computer execute the methods of selecting face search directions specific to a display mode and capture mode of operation An imaging apparatus includes face detection means for searching image data from at least one direction to detect a face portion in the image data; capture mode search direction instruction means for instructing a search direction of the image data to the face detection means in a capture mode, which is a mode of recording the image data; and monitoring mode search direction instruction means for instructing the search direction of the image data to the face detection means in a monitoring mode, which is a mode of displaying the image data.
US07796836B2	Color condensation for image transformation and/or compression The present embodiments provide methods and systems for use in transforming content, such as multimedia content. Some embodiments provide method for use in image compression. These methods receive digital image data comprising a plurality of pixel data, separate the plurality of pixel data of the digital image data according to color components, condense the pixel data of the same color component defining a plurality of condensed pixel data each corresponding with a color component, cooperate the condensed pixel data defining representative image data, and transform the representative image data.
US07796835B2	Computer readable medium for image processing and image processing method When processing is started, first, ROI (region of interest) is determined by user's specification. A small calculation amount image is generated in response to pointing device operation of the user, and the generated small calculation amount image is displayed. Next, a large calculation amount image in the ROI is generated, and the generated large calculation amount image in the ROI is displayed. Next, large calculation amount image in regions other than the ROI is generated, and the generated large calculation amount image in regions other than the ROI is displayed, and then the processing is terminated. At the above steps, if an image change request is made, calculation is performed again each time.
US07796827B2	Face enhancement in a digital video A method performed by a processing system is provided. The method comprises processing a first plurality of pixel values associated with a first face in a first frame of a digital video to generate a first enhanced pixel value, filtering the first enhanced pixel value to generate a first filtered value, and re-mapping at least the first plurality of pixel values with a first plurality of interpolated values generated from the first enhanced pixel value and the first filtered value.
US07796825B2	Losslessly improving compression of compressed image data For data compressed using the first compression method that includes codewords generated by variable length coding sets of quantized transform coefficients using a first variable length coding method, decoding the codewords to create ordered sets of quantized transform coefficients, each created set forming an ordered series of quantized transform coefficients, and re-encoding the created ordered sets of quantized transform coefficients using a second variable length coding method to produce a re-coded set of codewords. The second variable length coding method produces shorter codewords, on average, than the first variable length coding method. The decoding and re-encoding is a lossless process such that no additional quantization or other errors are introduced to the received data by the method.
US07796824B2	Video coding device, video decoding device and video encoding method A video coding device includes: a detecting unit configured to detect a foreground region, a background image and a shadow region reflected on the background image by the foreground region in an input picture; a shadow information compressing unit configured to perform a compression process to compress the information quantity of the shadow region; and a coding unit configured to code the foreground region, the background image and the information on the shadow region subjected to the compression process.
US07796820B2	Method for evaluation and stabilization over time of classification results Classification methods are described that proceed in computer-assisted fashion, and in particular a method for evaluation and stabilization over time of classification results is described in which objects to be classified are sensed using sensors over a period of time, and are repeatedly classified with the inclusion of specific quality parameters for each object class. To ensure better classification reliability, the following steps may be carried out: a) increasing the value of the confidence parameter if a subsequent classification confirms the result of a previous classification; b) decreasing the value of the confidence parameter if a subsequent classification does not confirm the result of a previous classification; and c) generating a final classification result including the confidence parameters that have been increased or decreased in value.
US07796819B2	Apparatus and method for character recognition using acceleration sensor Provided are an apparatus and method for character recognition that analyze three-dimensional motion of a user using an acceleration sensor and thereby perform character input and character recognition. The apparatus and method easily discern each stroke on the basis of a direction of motion at the beginning portion and end portion of the stroke, and recognize a character using a combination of the strokes, thereby enabling realization of a small-sized motion-based character input system.
US07796815B2	Image analysis of biological objects Systems and methods are described for performing image analysis. A computer-implemented method for analyzing images may include quantitatively analyzing image data to identify image objects relative to a background portion of the image according to predefined object criteria, the image data including a plurality of image objects that represent objects in a sample distributed across a substrate. The identified image objects are further clustered into groups or colonies of the identified image objects according to predetermined clustering criteria.
US07796814B2	Imaging device An imaging device includes a sensor having a cell layout having a plurality of chromatic color pixels and high-sensitivity pixels having higher sensitivity to incident light than the chromatic color pixels arranged in a checkerboard pattern, a white balance block that normalizes the pixel output from the sensor with respect to the chromatic color pixels or the high-sensitivity pixels, a pixel interpolation block that performs interpolation on the phase where a chromatic color pixel is present by interpolating the other lacking colors, and a noise reduction block that is situated between the white balance block and the pixel interpolation block, and performs interpolation on phases of the chromatic color pixels based on the signal component of the high-sensitivity pixels so as to suppress noise in the chromatic color pixels.
US07796812B2	Method for matching color in images A method and apparatus for transforming a first color distribution based on a second color distribution. The method includes the steps of determining, for each of the first and second color distributions, a one-dimensional histogram along a direction in a color space; matching the one-dimensional histogram determined for the first color distribution and the one-dimensional histogram determined for the second color distribution so as to generate a transform mapping; transforming the first color distribution based on the generated transform mapping; and repeating the determining, matching, and transforming steps for other directions in the color space until the generated transform mapping converges.
US07796806B2	Removing singlet and couplet defects from images The specification and drawings present a new method, apparatus and software product for removing at least singlet and couplet defects from images taken by the electronic device using a second rank order detection and correction mechanism for removing these at least singlet and couplet defects.
US07796801B2	Pattern inspection apparatus and method A fine pattern, such as a semiconductor integrated circuit (LSI), a liquid crystal panel, and a photomask (reticle) for the semiconductor or the liquid crystal panel, which are fabricated based on data for fabricating the fine pattern such as design data is inspected by a pattern inspection apparatus. The pattern inspection apparatus for inspecting a pattern to-be-inspected uses an image of the pattern to-be-inspected and data for fabricating the pattern to-be-inspected. The pattern inspection apparatus includes a reference pattern generation device configured to generate a reference pattern represented by one or more lines from the data, an image generation device configured to generate the image of the pattern to-be-inspected, a detecting device configured to detect an edge of the image of the pattern to-be-inspected, and an inspection device configured to inspect the pattern to-be-inspected by comparing the edge of the image of the pattern to-be-inspected with the one or more lines of the reference pattern.
US07796800B2	Determining a dimensional change in a surface using images acquired before and after the dimensional change Determining a dimensional change in a surface of an object is described. At a first time, a first image of the surface is acquired at a first spatial window thereon having a first known position relative to a frame of reference. At a second time, a second image of the surface is acquired at a second spatial window thereon having a second known position relative to the frame of reference. The first image and the second image are processed according to an image displacement sensing algorithm to determine a relative translation of a first point on the surface between the first and second times. The relative translation of the first point, the first known position, and the second known position are used to determine the dimensional change in the surface between the first and second times.
US07796799B2	Inspection device for loose objects, such as tablets An inspection device for loose objects, for example tablets that may or may not be packaged, including a conveying mechanism for conveying the objects to at least one inspection area. The inspection device includes a mechanical impulse mechanism for moving the objects apart prior to or during transport to the at least one inspection area. This leads in particular to an improved automatic verification of the number, the shape, the color and the size of the tablets, as a result of which fewer errors will occur in the eventual administration of medicines to persons, or patients.
US07796793B2	Determining mammographic image view and laterality A method for displaying a mammography image. Digital data of the mammography image is obtained. The mammography image is segmented to identify at least a first diagnostically relevant region comprising an image of the breast tissue and a second diagnostically relevant region. A view type is assigned for the image, either cranio-caudal or medio-lateral oblique view, according to a symmetry index calculated from the segmented first diagnostically relevant region. Right or left laterality is assigned to the image according to a laterality feature calculated according to the relative position of at least the second diagnostically relevant region within the image.
US07796792B2	Method of identifying disturbing frequencies originating from the presence of an anti-scatter grid during acquisition of a radiation image A method of determining disturbing signal frequencies in a signal representation of radiation image originating from the presence of an anti-scatter grid during image acquisition, the signal representation being generated by an image read out and digitizing process, whereby the digitizing of an image of a simulated anti-scatter grid is simulated and the signal resulting from this simulation is evaluated to determine the disturbing frequencies.
US07796788B2	Device and method to inhibit residue on platen glass while scanning In an electrophotographic marking system a guard is provided to prevent fingerprint smears or markings on a platen glass. When fingerprint images are made, oil and other debris from the fingers mark the platen and cause subsequent images to reproduce these markings. This guard protects the platen from said marks via a convenient and economical expedient.
US07796787B2	Face component replacement A method is provided for cloning a facial feature template image into an original image including a face to form a new image. The method includes detecting the face and facial features in the original image, reducing the original and the template images, cloning the reduced template image into the reduced original image to form a new image, enlarging the new image, and displaying the enlarged new image. The method may use Poisson cloning where a resulting system of linear equations is solved by applying a Thomas algorithm to determine an initial solution and applying a Conjugate Gradient algorithm using the initial solution to determine a final solution to the system of linear equations.
US07796784B2	Personal authentication method for certificating individual iris A plurality of iris codes are registered for each registrant in an iris database (12) together with pupil diameter-iris diameter ratio R. At the time of authentication, an iris code is obtained from a captured iris image by feature extraction while pupil diameter-iris diameter ratio R is obtained. Ratio R obtained at the time of registration and ratio R obtained at the time of authentication are compared to specify an appropriate iris code from the iris database (12) as an item to be collated before authentication.
US07796782B1	Remote distance-measurement between any two arbitrary points using laser assisted optics The disclosed method measures the distance between two arbitrary points of interest from the user position by determining the range and angle between the two points. To measure the angle between the two points, a first method uses a micro-opto-electro-mechanical scanner to form a scan line between the two points of interest. A scan angle is determined based on the applied AC voltage needed to cause the endpoints of the scan line to coincide with the points of interest. The second method, an image-processing method, is applied to determine the angles between the points of interest. A Microprocessor uses captured images including the points of interest to determine the angle between the points. In both methods, the Microprocessor calculates the distance between the two points of interest by using the determined angle, together with the measured ranges and sends the calculated distance to a display.
US07796779B1	Efficient synchronization of changes to images A change to an image is synchronized. A modified image is obtained at a first device where the modified image is associated with modified metadata. The modified metadata is stored in a store associated with the first device. The metadata is sent from the first device to a second device, where the modified image is able to be generated on the second device using the modified metadata and a preexisting image file on the second device.
US07796777B2	Digital watermarking system according to matrix margin and digital watermarking method A digital watermarking system and method is provided. The digital watermarking system mainly includes a storing unit (30), a text obtaining module (31), a dot matrix determining module (32), an encrypting module (33), and a storing module (34). The storing unit is for storing text information, the text information including one or more dot matrix files. The text obtaining module is for obtaining one dot matrix file to be watermarked from the storing unit. The dot matrix file includes plural dot matrixes, each of which has a matrix margin and includes plural pixels. The dot matrix determining module is for earmarking the dot matrix to be adjusted to obtain a watermark. The encrypting module is for adjusting the matrix margin of the earmarked dot matrix. The storing module is for storing watermarked text information in the storing unit. Related methods are provided.
US07796770B2	Hearing aid with frequency channels The invention regards a method for sound processing in an audio device wherein an audio signal is provided and the audio signal is frequency shaped according to the need of a user of the audio device and the frequency shaped signal is served at the user in a form perceivable as sound. According to the invention at least two different frequency shaping schemes are available and a choice is made of the frequency shaping scheme to be used.
US07796765B2	Multichannel spectral mapping audio apparatus and method A method and circuit for deriving a set of multichannel audio signals from a conventional monaural or stereo audio signal uses an auxiliary multichannel spectral mapping data stream. Audio can be played back in stereo and multichannel formats from a conventional stereo signal on compact discs, FM radio, or other stereo or monaural delivery systems. The invention reduces the data rate needed for the transmission of multichannel digital audio.
US07796760B2	Approach for managing access to messages using encryption key management policies Controlling access to disseminated messages includes implementing one or more key management policies that specify how various encryption keys are maintained and in particular, when encryption keys are made inaccessible. Deleting a particular key renders inaccessible all copies of messages, known or unknown, associated with the particular key, regardless of the location of the associated messages. A message may be directly or indirectly associated with a deleted key. Any number of levels of indirection are possible and either situation makes the message unrecoverable. The approach is applicable to any type of data in any format and the invention is not limited to any type of data or any type of data format.
US07796759B2	Diversification of a single integrated circuit identifier A method and a circuit of generation of several secret quantities by an integrated circuit according to the destination of these secret quantities, including taking into account a first digital word forming a single identifier of the integrated circuit chip and coming from a physical parameter network, and of individualizing this identifier according to the application.
US07796758B2	Method and apparatus for securing transmission on a speakerphone or teleconference call Method and apparatus for securing the transmission of DTMF signals by a telephone over a telephone line. If the telephone is operating in a mode wherein another party may hear any DTMF tone generated by the telephone, such as over the loudspeaker of a speakerphone or as part of a conference call, the telephone prevents generation of an audible signal which predictably corresponds to the actual DTMF value of any button pushed by the user.
US07796754B2	Information recording processing apparatus, information reproduction processing apparatus, information recording medium, information recording processing method, information reproduction processing method, and computer program An information recording and/or reproduction processing apparatus is provided. The information recording and/or reproduction processing apparatus is provided by which additional information such as copy protection information is recorded as encrypted data on an information recording medium and also a cryptographic key is recorded such that the difficulty in analysis thereof is promoted. Where additional information such as copy protection information is encrypted and recorded and also a cryptographic key for the encrypted additional information is recorded together, a seed is generated based on an error correction code set corresponding to the additional information. Then, a scrambling or bit position conversion process in which random numbers generated based on the seed are applied is executed for the cryptographic key data, and resulting cryptographic key data is recorded on an information recording medium. Upon such recording, the additional information is recorded as pit information while the cryptographic key data is recorded as wobble data. The cryptographic key has an increased difficulty in analysis and allows achievement of an efficient data reproduction process.
US07796751B2	Certificate-based encryption and public key infrastructure A digital message can be sent from a sender to a recipient in a public-key based cryptosystem comprising an authorizer. The authorizer can be a single entity or comprise a hierarchical or distributed entity. The recipient can decrypt a message from the sender only if the recipient possesses up-to-date authority from the authorizer. Key status queries and key escrow are unnecessary in some embodiments. Other features are also provided.
US07796749B2	Electronic device A folding-type electronic device that improves air tightness when the device is folded is provided. A first shell 12 and a second shell 22 are connected via connection portions 31, 33, 35 so that the first and second shells are folded, and when the first shell 12 and the second shell 22 are closed, the connection portions 31, 33, 35 are stored in an area surrounded by the first shell 12 and the second shell 22.
US07796748B2	Telecommunication terminal able to modify the voice transmitted during a telephone call A telecommunication terminal receives an analog speech signal from a user of the terminal and converts the analog speech signal into a digital signal. A vocoder applies source coding to the speech signal and extracts reconstruction parameters from the speech signal. The reconstruction parameters are modified so that the transmitted voice associated with the signal is modified.
US07796746B2	Method and system for call tracing The present invention is drawn to a call trace system and method that is simple to establish in a short amount of time. The call trace is implemented through a Web browser page which remotely programs central offices to trace calls to particular number. When a trace is established a message is sent back to the Web browser which displays the calling number, the called number and the central office detecting the call. Also, a page is sent to a pager which displays the traced information.
US07796742B1	Systems and methods for simplified provisioning A system and method for simplified provisioning is provided. The method comprises storing information associated with a user during a non-provisioning event. The information is utilized to pre-fill a registration related to a provisioning event. One or more communications are forwarded to the user requesting information to complete the registration for the provisioning event based on the information stored.
US07796740B2	System and method for universal adaptation of a PSTN modem A modem adapter is provided to adapt a modem to operate with a telephone system. The modem adapter includes a conductor detector, a voltage generator, and a dial-tone generator. The conductor detector is configured to detect live conductors on a telephone jack. The voltage generator is configured to generate an on-hook line voltage comparable to that normally expected by the modem and to deliver the generated on-hook line voltage to the modem. The dial-tone generator is configured to generate and deliver to the modem a first dial tone different from the second dial tone delivered by a telephone system to which the modem is attempting communication. A method for adapting a modem to a telephone system is also provided.
US07796738B2	Methods, systems and computer program products for providing a E911 network A method for providing a E911 edge network. The method includes assigning public safety answering points (PSAPs) to ports located in a network, where each of the ports is associated with a calling party number (CPN) and a geographic location. The method also includes identifying an incoming emergency call from an IP device. The IP device corresponds to a unique code address and the incoming emergency call includes an incoming CPN. The entry port associated with the IP device is determined based on the unique code address and the incoming CPN. The incoming emergency call is connected to the PSAP corresponding to the entry port. The CPN and the geographic location data are transmitted to the PSAP corresponding to the entry port.
US07796737B2	Apparatus for reducing KV-dependent artifacts in an imaging system and method of making same An x-ray tube includes a cathode positioned within a vacuum chamber and configured to emit electrons. The x-ray tube includes an anode positioned within the vacuum chamber to receive electrons emitted from the cathode and configured to generate a beam of x-rays from the electrons, a window positioned to pass the beam of x-rays therethrough, and an electron collector structure attached to the x-ray tube having an aperture formed therethrough to allow passage of x-rays therethrough. The aperture is shaped to prevent diffracted x-rays from combining with the beam of x-rays passing through the window.
US07796736B2	X-ray CT apparatus and a method of controlling the same An X-ray-generator irradiates X-rays at a subject. The X-ray-detector detects the X-rays that have permeated the subject. The rotating body on which the X-ray-generator and the X-ray-detector are installed rotates around the subject. The rotating body is rotated by the drive part. The power source supplies electrical power to the drive part. The step-down part lowers the voltage of the regenerative electrical power generated at the drive part during the deceleration of the rotating body. The accumulation part charges the lowered electrical power. The step-up part raises the voltage of the electrical power from the accumulation part and supplies electrical power to the drive part.
US07796735B2	Detector panel and X-ray imaging apparatus A detector panel having therein an X-ray detector, a signal processing circuit for interface, and a battery for power supply, the detector panel includes a first signal processing circuit for processing the detection signals from the X-ray detector, a second signal processing circuit for processing the output signal from the first signal processing circuit, a first power supply circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the battery by means of switching regulation, to supply the output to the second signal processing circuit, a second power supply circuit for adjusting the output voltage of the first power supply circuit by means of switching regulation, to supply the output to the X-ray detector and the first signal processing circuit, and a switching circuit for switching the configuration of the second power supply circuit between a single connection of one linear regulator and a series connection of two linear regulator.
US07796734B2	Multiple image collection and synthesis for personnel screening An apparatus and method for inspecting personnel or their effects. A first and second carriage each carries a source for producing a beam of penetrating radiation incident on a subject. A positioner provides for synchronized relative motion of each carriage vis-á-vis the subject in a direction having a vertical component. A detector receives radiation produced by at least one of the sources after the radiation interacts with the subject.
US07796733B2	Personnel security screening system with enhanced privacy The present invention is directed towards processing security images of people subjected to X-ray radiation. The present invention processes a generated image by dividing the generated image into at least two regions or mask images, separately processing the at least two regions of the image, and viewing the resultant processed region images either alone or as a combined image.
US07796725B1	Mechanism for switching sources in x-ray microscope An x-ray imaging system uses a synchrotron radiation beam to acquire x-ray images and at least one integrated x-ray source. The system has an imaging system including sample stage controlled by linear translation stages, objective x-ray lens, and x-ray sensitive detector system, placed on a fixed optical table and a mechanical translation stage system to switch x-ray sources when synchrotron radiation beam is not available.
US07796723B2	Method for providing 3D image data and system for taking x-ray images In a known type of tomosynthesis x-ray source and x-ray detector are linearly moved and x-rays images are taken for a large number of positions, the images being reconstructed to give a 3D image record. According to the invention x-ray source and x-ray detector are swiveled and a sequence of x-rays is subsequently taken again, x-ray source and x-ray detector again being moved in a straight line. One drawback of simple tomosynthesis with movement in a straight line is suppressed thereby, the drawback being that the quality of reconstruction is particularly poor in a certain direction.
US07796720B1	Neutron-driven element transmuter A material is exposed to a neutron flux by distributing it in a neutron-diffusing medium surrounding a neutron source. The diffusing medium is transparent to neutrons and so arranged that neutron scattering substantially enhances the neutron flux to which the material is exposed. Such enhanced neutron exposure may be used to produce useful radio-isotopes, in particular for medical applications, from the transmutation of readily-available isotopes included in the exposed material. It may also be used to efficiently transmute long-lived radioactive wastes, such as those recovered from spent nuclear fuel. The use of heavy elements, such as lead and/or bismuth, as the diffusing medium is particularly of interest, since it results in a slowly decreasing scan through the neutron energy spectrum, thereby permitting very efficient resonant neutron captures in the exposed material.
US07796716B2	Eliminating narrowband interference in a receiver A wireless device receives an input signal representing a signal of interest (e.g., one or more portions of a packet) on a wireless medium. The input signal may, in addition, contain narrowband interference signals. The wireless device removes the signal of interest from the input signal to produce a residue signal, and analyzes the residue signal to determine the presence of any interference bands in which narrowband interference signals may be present. The wireless device then removes the detected interference bands from the input signal. The residue signal may reveal the presence of interference signals, which might otherwise be hard to distinguish in the input signal. Thus, interference signals with power levels much lower than the power of the signal of interest may be detected and removed.
US07796715B2	Method and apparatus for reducing intra-device interference A device (100) includes an AM generating circuit (106) which couples interference (132) into another part of the device (124). A second AM signal (304) is generated, having inverse modulation relative to the first AM signal, and is coupled to the affected part of the device to counteract the interference by reducing the effective harmonic content of the first AM signal.
US07796712B2	DTV receiver and method of processing broadcast signal in DTV receiver A DTV receiver includes a tuner tuning to a channel to receive a broadcast signal, and a demodulator demodulating the broadcast signal. The receiver further includes a first decoder which decodes main and enhanced data included in the demodulated signal by calculating soft decision values for the enhanced data and hard decision values for the main data. The receiver further includes a second decoder for decoding the main and enhanced data for first forward error correction, and a third decoder for decoding the FEC-decoded enhanced data for second forward error correction.
US07796709B2	Method and system for signal quality measurement based on mean phase error magnitude of a signal Various aspects of a method and system from signal quality measurement based on mean phase error magnitude of a signal are presented. Aspects of the system may comprise circuitry that receives a time phase corrected Bluetooth signal via an RF channel. The circuitry may generate a phase error signal based on the received time phase corrected Bluetooth signal, and generate a mean phase error signal based on the generated phase error signal. A signal to noise ratio (SNR) may be derived based on the generated mean phase error signal, and a data rate may be selected based on the derived SNR.
US07796708B2	Adaptive receiver loops with weighted decision-directed error A method for communication using a modulation scheme defined in a signal space includes determining demodulation confidence levels at a plurality of points distributed over the signal space. Weights are assigned to the respective points responsively to the demodulation confidence levels. A signal is received and demodulated using an adaptive loop so as to derive a corresponding signal point in the signal space. The adaptive loop is adjusted responsively to a weight assigned to the derived signal point.
US07796707B2	Device for converting a complex-valued bandpass signal into a digital baseband signal A device is disclosed for converting a complex-valued bandpass signal into a digital baseband signal having: a) an analog filter unit to filter the complex-valued bandpass signal to produce only the real component from the filtered signal, and to provide a real-valued bandpass signal, b) one analog-to-digital converter that is connected to the analog filter unit and that is designed to convert the real-valued bandpass signal into a digital signal with sampled values with a width of one bit, c) a digital filter unit embodied as a lookup table, to provide a complex-valued filtered signal such that signal components outside of the useful band are suppressed, d) a sampling rate reduction unit to reduce the sampling rate of the complex-valued filtered signal and provide a reduced-rate signal, and e) a mixer unit to convert the reduced-rate signal into the digital baseband signal.
US07796705B2	DMT symbol repetition in the presence of impulse noise With the current initialization procedures defined in the VDSL and ADSL standards, even though the xDSL system could operate in Showtime in an impulse noise environment where symbols are being corrupted, the transceivers would not be able to reach Showtime because initialization would fail due to initialization message failure. Through the use of an improved initialization procedure for communication systems, operation in environments with higher levels of impulse noise is possible.
US07796704B2	Method for transmitting information in a telecommunication system featuring multiple frequency bands A method for transmitting data in a telecommunication system including at least one communication network CNW1 including a group of radio base stations B1 able to communicate with at least one mobile terminal MT through a wireless link, which method includes at least one frequency switching step for switching an operating frequency of the wireless link from a first frequency band to a second frequency band, and a control signal transmission step in the course of which a slot including control data (Cnt, Swrq, Mst) is transmitted through a communication channel established over said wireless link. The method upgrades an existing network by allowing it to use a new band of available frequencies for the operation of the wireless link.
US07796701B2	Digital decoder for a digital wireless transmission system using a space-time linear code A digital decoder for a transmitting and receiving-multi-antenna digital wireless transmission chain for determining symbols transmitted in linear space-time coded transmission signals based on a convolutional binary coding, the digital decoder being fed by: —a received symbols signal vector Z, and a matrix C resulting from the product of a transmission channel matrix H and a space-time coding matrix M for the transmission including: a comprehensive space-time decoder for calculating the metric between each possible codeword and the received symbols signal vector Z, and for generating as output all the metrics thus calculated; and a binary decoder for determining, by using all the metrics generated as probabilities of transitions between states of the binary decoder, the most probable path taken during the convolutional coding, and for deducing from these the symbols transmitted.
US07796700B2	Method and system for computing log-likelihood ratios for coded quadrature amplitude modulated signals According to an embodiment of the invention, a method and system is disclosed for determining log-likelihood ratios for a coded set of individual bits (40) of a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) codeword. In the method at most two constant values (33,35) may be determined to perform a set of predetermined functions, the output of each of function is based on the constant values and at least one received component corresponding to the codeword, to determine log-likelihood ratios (37) for each individual bit of the set of individual bits of the codeword. The QAM codeword may correspond to at least a portion of a signal of a wireless device, such as a mobile third-generation device operating according to a Wideband Code-Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) standard.
US07796699B2	Allocating data between tones A new protocol is proposed for transmission of data through lines such as telephone lines. The tones of a signal are associated into groups 10, 11, and tone ordering, gain selection, and/or bit swapping within the processing system are done within the members of a group 10, 11. This idea is applicable both to tone ordering etc., following the training stage, and also to the dynamic configuration changes subsequently, for example, bit swapping. The computational cost of coding and decoding the data is reduced (compared to treating all the tones of a given direction equivalently), and the invention makes it possible to significantly reduce the memory requirements of the encoder and decoder.
US07796698B2	Interference suppression in a multicarrier receiver A receiver uses knowledge of pilot symbols transmitted by a neighboring sector to reduce interference in a received data symbol. The received data symbol is transmitted on one or more data subcarriers in a first sector. Overlapping pilot symbols transmitted on overlapping pilot carriers in a second sector are determined and used to generate channel estimates for the overlapping pilot carriers. The overlapping pilot symbols and pilot channel estimates are then used to reduce interference in the received data symbol.
US07796697B2	Channel equalizer and method of processing broadcast signal in receiving system A channel equalizer includes an overlap unit, an estimator, a calculator, a compensator, and a save unit. The overlap unit overlaps a group of data packets in a broadcast signal. The group data packets include a head, a body, and a tail, and a known data sequence is periodically included in the body. The estimator estimates a CIR of each data region the body using the known data sequence, and it further estimates CIRs of data regions in the head or tail using the CIRs obtained for the data regions in the body. The calculator calculates equalization coefficients based on the CIRs estimated by the estimator, and the compensator compensates channel distortion of the overlapped data using the equalization coefficients. The save unit saves the compensated data.
US07796693B2	Search algorithms for using related decode and display timelines A sequence of video images represented using multiple related timelines can be searched by identifying a first point on a first timeline associated with the sequence of video images, wherein the sequence of video images is comprised of one or more samples, determining a search range on a second timeline associated with the sequence of video images based on a positive offset and a negative offset associated with the one or more samples, and searching the second timeline based on the determined search range for a second point that corresponds to the identified first point. A display offset can be associated with each of the samples comprising the sequence of video images, wherein one or more of the display offsets can comprise a negative value. Additionally, the search range can be based on a maximum positive display offset and maximum negative display offset associated with the one or more samples.
US07796686B2	Adaptive ultrawideband receiver and method of use In accordance with the present invention, novel methods for adaptive receiver design and related parameter estimation techniques for efficient and non-coherent reception of ultrawideband signals are presented. Efficient estimation of maximum excess delay of the channel for enabling many useful adaptation techniques is additionally provided. Also, noise power estimation which significantly improves the performance of the receivers is presented.
US07796684B2	RF transceiver adapted for signal isolators and proximity sensors A transceiver having a transmitting antenna, a receiving antenna, and a substrate having transmitter and receiver dies is disclosed. The transmitter generates an RF signal having a carrier frequency and the receiver detects and amplifies signals of the carrier frequency. The transmitting antenna and/or the receiving antenna includes a first wire antenna loop having a length greater than or equal to one tenth of a wavelength of the carrier frequency. The first wire antenna loop is connected to the transmitter die by a wire bond on a bond pad of the transmitter die. The antenna loop or loops can be encapsulated in an insulating material to protect the loops and fix the loops in space. The transceiver can be configured to operate as a galvanic isolator or a proximity detector.
US07796679B2	Rake receiver A rake receiver includes impulse response measurement means and path allocation means for allocating paths to rake fingers in dependence on the output of the impulse response measurement means, wherein the path allocating means is configured to compare the magnitudes of pairs of peaks, represented in the output of the impulse response measurement means, and ignore the lesser member of a pair for the allocation of paths to rake fingers, if the magnitudes of the pair differ in a predetermined manner so as to exclude spurious paths, the pairs having peaks temporally separated by a period characteristic of the separation of main and side lobes of filters for producing the baseband pulse shape expected by the receiver are used for the allocation of the paths to the rake fingers.
US07796676B2	Signalling system A signalling system is provided which can be used to update the prices of goods which are electronically displayed on supermarket shelves. The signaling system may include a first signalling device having an input terminal for receiving electrical message data received from a central computer system, a spread spectrum encoder for encoding the received message data and an electroacoustic converter for converting the encoded data into corresponding acoustic signals and for transmitting the acoustic signals from the transmission medium and for converting the received acoustic signals into corresponding electrical signals, a spread spectrum decoder for decoding the received signals and a message regenerator for regenerating the message data transmitted by the first signalling device from the signals output by the decoder.
US07796673B2	Apparatus and methods for altering a characteristic of a light-emitting device Apparatus and methods for altering one or more spectral, spatial, or temporal characteristics of a light-emitting device are disclosed. Generally, such apparatus may include a volume Bragg grating (VBG) element that receives input light generated by a light-emitting device, conditions one or more characteristics of the input light, and causes the light-emitting device to generate light having the one or more characteristics of the conditioned light.
US07796668B2	Vertical cavity surface emitting laser A vertical cavity surface emitting laser is provided which controls the reflectivity at the middle portion and the peripheral portion of the mirror with a simple structure to cause oscillation of a single lateral mode by use of a mirror having the refractive index changing periodically in the mirror plane direction. The vertical cavity surface emitting laser.
US07796664B2	Semiconductor laser A GaN laser, includes a coating film on a front end surface through which laser light is emitted. The coating film includes a first insulating film in contact with the front end surface and a second insulating film on the first insulating film. The optical film thickness of the second insulating film is an odd multiple of λ/4 with respect to the wavelength λ of laser light produced by the semiconductor laser. The adhesion of the first insulating film to GaN is stronger than the adhesion of the second insulating film to GaN. The refractive index of the second insulating film is 2 to 2.3 thick. The first insulating film is 10 nm or less. The first insulating film is an oxide film having a stoichiometric composition.
US07796663B2	Semiconductor laser device To provide a semiconductor laser device which has no ripple and can afford better FFP having a pattern near a Gaussian distribution upon operation at the high output, the semiconductor laser comprising a laminate structure in which a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second conductive type semiconductor layer different from the first conductive type are laminated in this order, the laminate structure having a waveguide region to guide a light and resonator planes for laser oscillation on both ends, characterized in that the laminate structure has a non-resonator plane on one end side and the non-resonator plane is covered with a shading layer.
US07796661B2	Semiconductor laser A semiconductor laser comprises: a semiconductor substrate and a lower cladding layer, an active layer, and an upper cladding layer on the semiconductor substrate. The layers form a resonator having opposed end surfaces. A ridge includes part of the upper cladding layer. The upper cladding layer in the ridge, proximate the resonator end surfaces, is thicker than the upper cladding layer in the ridge at a central part of the resonator.
US07796660B2	Three-dimensional photonic crystal light emitting device The three-dimensional photonic crystal light emitting device includes a three-dimensional photonic crystal, and a defect forming a resonator in the three-dimensional photonic crystal. In the three-dimensional photonic crystal, an N-cladding layer formed of an N-type semiconductor, an active layer disposed inside the resonator, a P-cladding layer formed of a P-type semiconductor, a tunnel junction layer, and a first N-conductive layer formed of a first N-type conductor are arranged in this order. Electric conductivity of the first N-type conductor is higher than that of the P-type semiconductor. The light emitting device achieves high carrier injection efficiency and a high optical confinement effect.
US07796658B2	Drive circuit and drive method for semiconductor light source A circuit for driving a semiconductor laser including a semiconductor integrated circuit, which controls the drive of the semiconductor laser, and is connected to one end of the semiconductor laser. Moreover, the driving circuit incorporates a first power source +Vcc that supplies by way of the semiconductor integrated circuit a drive voltage to one end of the semiconductor laser and a second power source −Vcc, which is connected to the other end of the semiconductor laser and supplies a drive voltage to the other end. Furthermore, the drive circuit incorporates a voltage clamp circuit, connected to a connection terminal connecting the semiconductor laser and the semiconductor integrated circuit, for adjusting the electric potential of the connection terminal.
US07796657B2	Optical module An optical module includes a laser device, a thermal conduction member, a Peltier device disposed between the laser device and the thermal conduction member, a heat radiation part, and a variable thermal-resistance device disposed between the thermal conduction member and the heat radiation part, the variable thermal-resistance device changing a thermal resistance between the thermal conduction member and the heat radiation part according to an ambient temperature.
US07796653B2	Apparatus and method for demultiplexing of transport stream A transport stream (TS) demultiplexer has a TS input switch unit and an output switch unit, whereby inputs and outputs can be selected as desired, external output can be easily changed by changing selected information of the TS input switch unit and the output switch unit, without changing inputs. Therefore, the TS demultiplexer receives a plurality of TSs such as MPEG-2 TSs and DSS TSs, and can selectively demultiplex the TSs, and particularly, the TS demultiplexer can store the TSs in a storage medium such as a hard disc drive, or it can easily transmit the TS data over an IEEE1394 bus or a PCI bus.
US07796651B2	See what you see (SWYS) This invention relates to a transmission of a media from a sending terminal to a receiving terminal. In a method for sending media from a sending terminal to a receiving terminal, at least part of the media is transmitted to the receiving terminal as a sequence of data packets and stored in the sending terminal, so that as a response to received data packets, notifications are returned from the receiving terminal, whereupon according to the notifications a presentation of the stored transmitted media is formed in the sending terminal. The invention relates also to a system, to a device, and to a computer program product.
US07796646B2	Method and apparatus to perform segmentation off-load between two logical partitions A method for virtual segmentation off-load in a logically partitioned data processing system is provided. A data transmission protocol stack formats a data message for segmentation off-load to form a virtual segmentation off-load package. The size of the data message is larger than a size of a maximum transmission unit. A partition manager firmware copies the virtual segmentation off-load package from a first logical partition to a virtual Ethernet adapter associated with a second logical partition. The virtual segmentation off-load package is copied without performing a segmentation operation on the data message associated with the virtual segmentation off-load package.
US07796639B2	Apparatuses and methods for multi-antenna channel quality data acquisition in a broadcast/multicast service network Various methods and apparatuses provide unicast channel data acquisition, such as antenna information, from MBMS subframes. A method of operating a wireless communications network infrastructure entity is disclosed comprising transmitting a subframe (300) comprising a unicast symbol (301) in a first predetermined symbol position within said subframe (300), said unicast symbol (301) comprising a first antenna reference information; defining said first antenna reference information as a second antenna reference information; and transmitting a second subframe comprising a second unicast symbol in a second predetermined symbol position within said second subframe, said second unicast symbol comprising said second antenna reference information.
US07796631B2	Method and system for a multicast service initiation in a communication system Method and a system for multicast service notification in cellular telephone system to enable the cellular telephone systems to provide both multicast and point-to-point services are disclosed. Several embodiments describe the signaling interaction between an access network and subscriber stations belonging to a multicast group to allow the access network to assign a channel conveying the multicast service between the access network and the subscriber stations.
US07796628B2	Expandable exchange apparatus and a backup system thereof An expandable exchange apparatus and a backup system thereof are disclosed. The expandable exchange apparatus is applicable to a plurality of terminal devices in a local area network (LAN). The expandable exchange apparatus includes a signal exchange unit having a network connection port and a plurality of terminal connection ports connectable to the terminal devices, a connection unit connecting the LAN to an external network architecture, and a first exchanger connected to the network connection port and the connection unit, the first exchanger selectively connectable to a terminal device that is connected to none of the network connection port and terminal connection ports of the signal exchange unit, wherein, detects whether the network connection port is connected with the terminal device or not, and based on a detected result, correspondingly switches a data transmission path of the network connection port either to the LAN or to the network architecture.
US07796626B2	Supporting a decoding of frames For supporting a decoding of encoded frames, which belong to a sequence of frames received via a packet switched network, it is detected whether a particular encoded frame has been received after a scheduled decoding time for the particular encoded frame and before a scheduled decoding time for a next encoded frame. In case the particular encoded frame is detected to have been received after its scheduled decoding time and before the scheduled decoding time for the next encoded frame, the particular encoded frame is re-scheduled to be decoded at the scheduled decoding time for the next encoded frame.
US07796622B2	Method and apparatus for implementing media gateway internal connection A method and apparatus to implement media gateway internal connection. The MGC obtains the MG's capability of supporting an internal connection via audit or configuration. Based on the obtained capability, the MGC determines and controls the implementation of the internal connection, or the MG determines and controls the implementation of the internal connection itself. If the MG determines and controls the implementation of the internal connection itself, the MG informs the MGC to modify the call mode in the MGC into the same as in the MG, or maps between the respective operations for the MGC and the MG to their respective call models after the MG implements the internal connection. The MGC can also control the MG's capability of determining and realizing the internal connection by itself based on the service characteristics.
US07796621B2	Apparatus for matching gigabit Ethernet (GbE) signals with optical transport hierarchy (OTH) Provided is an apparatus for matching Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) signals to an Optical Transport Hierarchy (OTH). The apparatus real-time records a source address and input port information of GbE Ethernet frames in a memory, compares a destination address of the Ethernet frame which is a payload of a GFP frame with memory table information, searches an output port location of the GbE, and interreceives GbE frames and Generic Frame Procedure (GFP) frames by multiplexing/demultiplexing.
US07796615B2	System and method for communication between a plurality of networks A communication system for communication between a plurality of networks through a NAPT (Network Address Port Translation) device has communication terminals provided in a local network and a global network, a main device for managing communication information of the communication terminals, and a table provided in the main device for storing identification information, a local address, and a global address of each communication terminal in association with each other. When a communication terminal originates a call, the table is referred to, and when the destination of the call is a communication terminal outside the network, the global address of the NAPT device of the remote network is used as the mutual destination address, whereas when the destination of the call is a communication terminal present in the same network, the local address effective only in the local network is used.
US07796608B2	Edge-based per-flow QoS admission control in a data network In one embodiment of the invention, a network system includes a boundary router, a second router, and an upstream link of the second router coupled between to the output port of the boundary router and an input port of the second router. The second router includes an admission control function and a data plane. In response to a request to reserve resources for a flow through the second router, the admission control function performs admission control for both the upstream link and its downstream link. In a preferred embodiment, the second router performs admission control for the upstream link only if the second router is a receiving edge router for the flow. Because the second router performs admission control for its upstream link, the boundary router transmits the request toward an upstream router without performing admission control for the link.
US07796607B2	Scalable multiprotocol label switching based virtual private networks and methods to implement the same Example scalable multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) based virtual private networks (VPNs) and methods to implement the same are disclosed. A disclosed example spoke provider edge (PE) router for an MPLS-based VPN includes a truncated virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) table containing a first value referencing a hub PE router and a second value referencing a first customer edge (CE) router coupled to the VPN via the PE router, and a forwarding module to forward a packet received from the first CE router to the hub PE router when the packet contains an address referencing a second CE router coupled to the VPN via a second spoke PE router.
US07796606B2	Prioritization of emergency voice and data communications Prioritized communications are facilitated based on a receiving user's designation of a source (initiator), a delivery mode, and other parameters associated with the communication. The receiver may configure a list of preapproved initiators, delivery devices and modes, and any associated services such as a locator service, a mapping service, a directory service, etc. The communication is initiated by the initiator or automatically from an application associated with the initiator's device. A communication service or a hosted service retrieves receiver information and facilitates prioritized communication also providing optional services associated with the communication.
US07796601B1	Internet protocol data transfer over diverse paths A network transfers a first packet addressed to a first address and indicating a second address. The network routes the first packet through a first set of routers. The first routers transfer route priority messages indicating the second address to directly linked routers to lower their route priority to the first routers for the second address. The network transfers a second packet addressed to the second address and indicating the first address. The network routes the second packet through a second set of routers. The second routers transfer route priority messages indicating the first address to directly linked routers to lower their route priority to the second routers for the first address. The network routes a first packet flow addressed to the first address through the first routers and routes a second packet flow addressed to the second address through the second routers.
US07796598B2	Synchronizing redundant video streams encapsulated in IP/UDP packets An apparatus, e.g., in a network edge device, a method, and a software program product for synchronizing two or more redundant media streams, e.g., MPEG video streams. The method includes receiving network packets encapsulating redundant media streams representing the same media program, buffering the received streams, learning a program identifier for the media program, searching the packets of the redundant streams for synchronization points defined by a plurality of parameters of stream packets, synchronizing the redundant streams based on the comparison, and providing a single stream as an output stream.
US07796587B2	Methods and apparatus for storage and processing of routing information Methods and apparatus for processing a plurality of sets of routing information received from corresponding ones of a plurality of neighbor nodes connectable to a router, the router having a plurality of memory units accessible via separate paths. The method comprises creating a respective plurality of non-identical routing information subsets from each of at least one of the received sets of routing information; accessing the plurality of memory units via the separate access paths; and storing the plurality of non-identical routing information subsets created from a given one of said received sets of routing information in respective ones of the plurality of memory units. By providing a distributed memory architecture for storing routing information, an increase in a router's memory requirements can be met by increasing the number of memory units.
US07796586B2	Data stream transmission/reception device A data stream transmission/reception device manages external devices in at least two groups, assigns independent resources to the groups, and for each group, a connection is made to the assigned hardware resource via a preferentially-used plug. This enables handling a plurality of streams at the same time in the case of being connected to a plurality of conventional external devices that have only one logical plug.
US07796583B1	Packet handler for high-speed data networks An improved packet handler for VoIP cable modems and other high-speed digital devices includes a direct communication link via hardware among internal processing components. Incoming and outgoing digital information packets are filtered into MAC packets, voice PDU packets, and non-voice PDU packets, such that priority can be given to relaying voice packets and minimizing potential voice delay within the cable network. Hardware components, including specialized logic circuitry, modify voice packets to an appropriate signal form for subsequent signal processing or signal transmission. Proprietary bus communication protocols can also be provided to facilitate relay of packets between a central processing unit (CPU) and a digital signal processor (DSP) within a VoIP cable modem. Line cards including subscriber line interface circuit (SLIC) and subscriber line audio processing circuit (SLAC) components provide analog-to-digital (A/D) and digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion functionality.
US07796582B2	Method and apparatus for supporting access network (AN) authentication Methods and apparatus are presented herein for allowing a keyless access terminal (AT) to access a packet serving data node (PSDN) over a service network stream without deactivating the authentication functions of the authentication network stream.
US07796581B1	Automated route control for a communication network A route manager queries network elements to identify egress routes and external nodes coupled to the network elements. The route manager queries a database to identify telephone numbers associated with the external nodes. For each telephone number associated with an external node, the route manager associates the telephone number with the egress routes coupled to the external node and with the network elements coupled to the egress routes. On a call, the route manager selects one of the network elements and the egress routes associated with the telephone number.
US07796579B2	Technique for interconnecting intermediate network nodes A technique is provided for relaying data packets by an intermediate network node, the data packets being transported via a protocol, such as SCTP, in which an association containing one or more streams transporting sequenced data packets is established between two network components. The technique receives, by a transport layer, packets with individual sequence Numbers from a plurality of inbound streams. These packets are forwarded by the transport layer to a user layer without sorting. Thereafter, the user layer selects an outbound stream for each of the packets, and the packets, each of which having a sequence number that preserves the packet order determined by its original sequence number, are sent to the transport layer for transmission via the selected outbound streams.
US07796577B2	Method for designing operation schedules of FFT and MIMO-OFDM modem thereof The present invention provides a method for designing operation schedules of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and a multiple input multiple output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modem (MIMO-OFDM modem) thereof. According to the present invention, an operation speed of an FFT operator is set up, a receiving symbol is arranged in an OFDM symbol duration in an FFT after receiving the symbol, a transmitting symbol is arranged in an OFDM symbol duration in the FFT schedule before transmitting the symbol, a transmitting/receiving symbol which has the same timing is inserted into an idle symbol duration of the FFT schedule, an FFT schedule which is good to be deleted is deleted, and symbols of the deleted FFT schedule are re-arranged in order to not have an error occur in transmitting/receiving timing.
US07796576B2	Managing traffic in communications system having dissimilar CDMA channels In a code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system including one or more terminals (such as customer premise equipments, CPEs) that communicate with a node (such as an Internet gateway) via at least a random access channel and a reservation-oriented channel, various schemes of managing communications traffic among the channels are provided. Decisions as to the channel on which a given terminal may transmit may be based on: traffic statistics (such as packet size or average data rate over a time period), traffic content (such as packet type), the terminal's output buffer loading (queue state, or “Q-state”), a history of the terminal's output buffer loading (one or more Q-states), and so forth. In one application, decisions in managing traffic in a live user's web browsing sessions may involve intelligent ascertainment of whether a given terminal is busy based on traffic analysis or output buffer loading.
US07796574B2	Multi-carrier reception for ultra-wideband (UWB) systems System and method for receiving transmissions in a wireless communications system. A preferred embodiment comprises a receiver (such as receiver 400) that can despread and then demodulate a symbol from a transmitter that first spread and then modulated the symbol. By reversing the processing order, the demodulation can be performed at a lower data rate and therefore reducing computational and power requirements.
US07796573B2	Terminal operating within an ad-hoc, peer-to-peer radio network A terminal for operation within an ad-hoc, peer-to-peer radio system wherein the system includes a series of radio terminals forming a service group. The terminal having a transceiver for communicating with terminals in the same service group, computer means, and memory for storing program software. Within the system, the terminal establishes a connection with one radio terminal based on time-division access; initiating an outgoing call from the radio terminal including registering with another radio terminal for serving as a node in the call connection by transmitting a registration request; and initially transmitting said registration request on a last time slot (TS) of a respective time frame (TF), said last time slot serving as a configuration channel.
US07796566B2	Methods and apparatus to perform dynamic channel management and dynamic bandwidth changes in wireless local area networks Methods and apparatus to perform dynamic channel management and dynamic bandwidth changes in wireless local area networks are disclosed. A disclosed example method comprises deciding at an access point to initiate at least one of a bandwidth change or a channel assignment change; and sending a frame to initiate the at least one of the bandwidth change or the channel assignment change from the access point to one or more stations of a wireless network, the frame including a first field to identify a first channel and a second field to identify a second channel.
US07796559B2	Method for processing quality of service of a data transport channel A method for processing quality of service of a signaling data transport channel in a packet transmission network comprising at least one management node (4), wherein, for a data transport channel, the management node (4) receives a quality of service profile associated with said channel, containing a parameter (SI) indicating signaling, detects (E2) whether, in the quality of service profile, the signaling indicating parameter is activated so as to determine whether it is a signaling data transport channel, and in that case, processes the signaling data transport channel as a priority over any other media data transport channel during execution of at least one quality of service processing mechanism applied to the signaling data transport channel.
US07796558B2	Capacity-based compressed mode control method for inter-system handover in universal mobile telecommunication system The Inter-System handover is one of the key features in the third generation cellular systems. The compressed mode, with variable transmission gaps and power levels, is standardized to support the inter-frequency system handover. To minimize the use of system resources while maintaining the border-cell handover quality, a capacity-based compressed mode control method of the present invention is proposed. Considering the tradeoff between the capacity and the communication quality, the control method can adaptively manage the compressed mode operation based on the potential impacts on the capacity and the effectiveness of the compressed mode measurement. The present invention will improve the effectiveness and performance of the compressed mode operation.
US07796556B2	Method and arrangement for handling soft handover in a mobile telecommunication system The present invention relates to a method and arrangements for including a detected cell, i.e. a cell not identified by the network, in an active set, i.e. the set comprising the base stations simultaneously connected to the same mobile terminal in soft handover. The method comprises the steps of:—receiving a measurement report comprising a detected set cell from a mobile terminal located in a first cell:—providing (301) a list (L1) for the first cell in the network with cells not defined as neighbouring cells to the first cell, wherein the cells in the list (L1) are grouped based on their scrambling codes;—identifying (302) the scrambling code of the detected set cell;—creating (303) a temporary relation between one of the cells in the list (L1), having an identical scrambling code as the detected set cell, and one cell in the AS;—adding (304) the one of the cells in the list (L1), having an identical scrambling code as the detected set cell, to the active set.
US07796555B2	Method of communicating in wireless network The present invention relates to a handover method that a current coordinator transfers a coordinating function of controlling a network to a different device configuring the network. The present invention relates to a method of selecting an optimal device as a coordinator in selecting the different device using priority information decided by a prescribed evaluation reference. And, the present invention relates to a method of simplifying a procedure in a manner of transmitting relevant information together with a handover request message. In a wireless network including a coordinator, a secondary coordinator is decided in advance. If the coordinator is suddenly unable to perform a function, the present invention relates to a method of enabling the function of the coordinator to be performed by the decided secondary coordinator. Thus, a process for transferring the coordinating function without the handover process is called a recovery process. The present invention relates to the recovery method and a method of deciding a secondary coordinator to perform a recovery. In the method of deciding the secondary coordinator, a method of deciding a more proper coordinator using information on coordinator priority is provided.
US07796550B2	Method and apparatus for packet scheduling in a wireless network Method and apparatus for packet scheduling in a wireless network is described. First values for a data transmission rate are measured for each of a plurality of mobile stations over time. Second values for a function of the data transmission rate are computed using at least one of the first values for each of the mobile stations. A rate of change of the data transmission rate is computed for each of the plurality of mobile stations using the second values associated therewith. A stability of the data transmission rate is computed for each of the plurality of mobile stations using the second values associated therewith. A channel quality factor is determined for each of the mobile stations using a current value of the second values, the rate of change of the function, and the stability of the function associated therewith.
US07796546B2	Apparatus and method for supporting multiple links in a network using frequency bands An apparatus and a method for supporting multiple links in a multi-hop relay cellular network using at least two frequency bands are provided. A subframe for a link on which a Mobile Station (MS) or a Relay Station (RS) communicates with a Base Station (BS) is configured in a first frequency band, and a subframe for a link on which the BS or the RS communicates with the MS is configured in a second frequency band.
US07796541B1	Methods and apparatus for range matching during packet classification based on a linked-node structure In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a key associated with a portion of a data packet, comparing the key to a first range extreme, selecting a second range extreme, and comparing the key with the second range. The first range extreme is associated with a first range and the second range is associated with a second range. The second range is selected based on the comparing the key to the first range extreme. The method includes producing a policy vector associated with the first or second range.
US07796536B2	Dynamic auto-reconfigurable time division multiple access A method to dynamically reconfigure a network by receiving a data packet for transmission from a node in the network at a media access control layer of the node and determining a slot assignment for the data packet based on an application required quality of service. The application required quality of service is determined based on at least one of a number of slots required by the data packet, an application-specified data rate, an application-specified delay requirement and an application-specified number of reserved retries, and application-associated priority values for the data packet. The media access control layer is enabled for time division multiple access.
US07796535B2	System and method for monitoring a data packet The embodiments described herein include a system and method for monitoring a packet adapted to traverse a network having a plurality of devices. The system and method enable an operator to efficiently determine the marking of a packet at each intermediate hop and the destination within a network by executing an algorithm through the use of an operating system.
US07796531B2	Method, a device and a system for transferring data A method, a device and a system for transferring data from a data source (212) over both a wireless communications (210) and a fixed communications (208) network to a destination device (204) such that at least one portion of a data aggregate is transmitted through the wireless communications network (210) via a wireless communications device (202) and at least one another portion is transmitted through the fixed communications network (208). The destination device (204) may reconstruct the data aggregate by joining the received data portions together.
US07796530B2	Method and arrangement for testing the transmission system and method for quality of a speech transmission Method for testing the transmission quality of a bidirectional real speech transmission or multicast connection over an IP network between a first VoIP endpoint and a second VoIP endpoint. A first number of the RTP speech packets transmitted from the first to the second VoIP endpoint, and a second number of the RTP speech packets transmitted from the second to the first VoIP endpoint being detected over a predetermined, sufficiently long time period, and the first and second numbers being subjected to arithmetic processing, as a result of which a value representing the transmission quality is obtained.
US07796528B2	Electronic device centralized management apparatus and electronic device centralized management method An electronic device centralized management apparatus manages a device connected through a network remotely. The apparatus stores information received from the device; extracts information based on a designated attribute of the device from the stored information; and compares a tendency held by the extracted information to a tendency held by the stored information to extract a difference therebetween.
US07796525B2	Apparatus and method for switching connectivity of objects to be sensed An apparatus for switching connectivity of fans to be sensed includes a primary control board (2) and a secondary control board (4). The secondary control board is connected to the primary control board via sensing lines (3) and control lines (5), and connected to the fans via sensing lines. The secondary control board includes a control circuit (41) that includes a counter, and a switch circuit (42) that includes two data selectors each of which has a channel selection port, input ends and an output end. The channel selection port is connected to an output port of the counter for determining which fan is to be sensed. The input ends are connected to the fans to be sensed in one-to-one correspondence. The output end is connected to the primary control board via one of the sensing lines. A method for switching connectivity of fans to be sensed is also disclosed.
US07796524B1	Monitoring quality of service in packet-based communications A method of monitoring quality of service in communications over a packet-based network, involves transmitting test packets across the network and monitoring transmission characteristics such as packet loss and transmission delay for the test packets. A measure of network performance is then dynamically calculated from the transmission characteristics, and is displayed at the endpoint as a dynamic indication of the network performance.
US07796522B2	System and method for performing traffic process in integrated network of voice-over internet protocol network and public switched telephone network A system and method for performing a traffic process in an integrated network of a VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) network and a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) are provided. The system includes: a softswitch which has a plurality of ASPs (Application Server Processes), transmits a data signal to other nodes through an ASP that is selected from among the ASPs, and transmits a heartbeat request message when a CPU (Central Processing Unit) utilization ratio and an SCTP (System Control Transmission Protocol) level congestion of the ASPs exceed respective reference points according to AS (Application Server)/ASP information; and a signaling gateway which updates the reference points of the CPU utilization ratio and the SCTP level congestion in response to the heartbeat request message and transmits a heartbeat acknowledgement message to the softswitch, and checks the CPU utilization ratio and the SCTP level congestion for a plurality of active ASPs within a predetermined CIC (Circuit Identification Code) or SSN (Sub-System Number) range according to the AS/ASP information, to determine the selected ASP when the signaling gateway receives data signal from outside and traffic is distributed.
US07796519B2	Dynamic bandwidth allocation circuit, dynamic bandwidth allocation method, optical network unit, PON system, dynamic bandwidth allocation program and recording medium The aim of the present invention is to achieve a low delay and high bandwidth efficiency in an upstream bandwidth and to accurately reflect assured bandwidth in an actual transmitted bandwidth. To achieve this, in the present invention the maximum value and the transmission cycle of a requested bandwidth are set for each service class. The present invention allocates bandwidth to a service path terminating section based on excess allocated bandwidth and requested bandwidth of each service path terminating section. For each service path terminating section the present invention also selects one bandwidth out of a plurality of bandwidths requested by a service path terminating section in such a manner that the sum value of the allocated bandwidths of the plurality of service path terminating sections is within a predetermined range.
US07796516B2	Adaptive voice packetization A method is presented for adapting the packet size for VoIP communications, determined on-the-fly by the total network delay inherent at the time of packet transmission. If network delays are small relative to the maximum permissible latency for VoIP communications, the payload size per packet may be increased to maximize efficiency for the transmitted call. Alternatively, if network delays are large, the payload size per packet may be decreased in order to assure that the perceived quality of the transmitted call is acceptable.
US07796512B2	Switching source device, switching destination device, high speed device switching system, and signaling method A session mobility for moving a session held between a switching source device and a communication counterpart to a switching destination device other than the switching source device. The switching source device transmits media data relating to a session by multicast or broadcast prior to device switching. The switching destination candidate device receives the transmitted media data, and thereby switching destination determined device, in replace of the switching source device, outputs media data. Thus, a switching time from a switching source device to a switching destination device can be made fast such that a user cannot perceive it.
US07796510B2	Systems and methods for providing virtual fair queueing of network traffic Systems and methods for dynamically controlling bandwidth of connections are described. In some embodiments, a proxy for one or more connections may allocate, distribute, or generate indications of network congestion via one or more connections in order to induce the senders of the connections to reduce their rates of transmission. The proxy may allocate, distribute, or generate these indications in such a way as to provide quality of service to one or more connections, or to ensure that a number of connections transmit within an accepted bandwidth limit. In other embodiments, a sender of a transport layer connection may have a method for determining a response to congestion indications which accounts for a priority of the connection. In these embodiments, a sender may reduce or increase parameters related to transmission rate at different rates according to a priority of the connection.
US07796507B2	Method and apparatus for communication network congestion control A communication network node, such as a radio base station or base station controller in a wireless communication network, is configured to monitor and control ingress and egress data congestion. As such, node-based congestion monitoring provides a method of flow control between network nodes and, as such, for example, it may be used to control congestion on backhaul links between radio base stations and base station controllers, and on sidehaul links between base station controllers. In one embodiment, the node monitors egress and ingress data congestion conditions, and marks ingress data incoming to the node to indicate congestion. For example, if ingress data markings indicate ingress data congestion, the node can send signaling to initiate a reduction in the amount of data being sent to the node, e.g., a reduction in ingress data rates. If ingress data markings indicate egress data congestion, the node can reduce egress data rates.
US07796503B2	Fault tolerant network routing A network provides fault tolerant network routing by identifying root nodes that provide cover against a particular type of fault. Nodes then route copies of packets through these root nodes such that an occurrence of the particular type of fault will not disrupt delivery of the packets.
US07796496B2	Information recording carrier and method of reproducing the same Plural grooves or lands formed in an information recording carrier include at least a wobbling region and data is recorded wobblingly in this wobbling region by frequency shift modulation while recorded digitally with a single or multiple waves as a channel bit.
US07796495B2	Optical disk An optical disk comprising two layers including a signal recording layer and an image recording layer further comprises a metal reflective layer formed on a surface of the image recording layer on the incidence side of laser light. The image recording layer is capable of forming a visible image in response to an increase in temperature caused by application of laser light to the metal reflective layer. The visible image is capable of being visually observed from a side opposite to the incidence side.
US07796494B2	Asymmetric write for ferroelectric storage A method of writing to ferroelectric storage medium includes the steps of applying a first write voltage to a ferroelectric layer for writing a first bit in a first polarization direction and applying a second write voltage to the ferroelectric layer for writing a second bit in a second polarization direction opposing the first polarization direction. The first write voltage having a first magnitude, and the second write voltage having a second magnitude being greater than the first magnitude. The ferroelectric layer having a ferroelectric imprint polarization direction, and the first polarization direction being substantially the same as the ferroelectric imprint polarization direction. The ferroelectric medium contains first bits with a first surface area that is substantially equal to second bits surface area. A probe storage apparatus can use this method and ferroelectric medium.
US07796492B2	Double electrode cantilever actuation for seek-scan-probe data access A seek-scan-probe memory device, utilizing a media electrode to allow active cantilevers to contact the storage media, and a pull electrode to pull up cantilevers away from the storage media when in an inactive mode. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07796490B2	Optical pickup and optical information processing apparatus An optical pickup performing recording, reproduction and deletion of information on or from an optical recording medium. The pickup includes light sources for information recording media using a blue wavelength beam, information recording media of DVD family and information recording media of CD family. A single object lens may be used to condense light from any of the light sources. A single aberration correction device may be disposed in a common light path between each of the light sources and the object lens.
US07796488B2	Optical pickup apparatus An optical pickup apparatus aiming at reduction of adverse effect on a tracking control signal and a data signal by preventing the reflected light from the adjacent layers of a multilayer disc changing to a stray light. In this optical pickup apparatus, the reflected light from the optical disc including the stray light from the adjacent layer is once focused with a focusing lens and is then reflected with the reflection plate. A flat attenuation element is provided between the lens and the reflection plate parallel to the optical axis with inclusion of the optical axis under the condition separated from the reflection plate. The reflection plate reflects the reflected light from the relevant layer and the attenuation element shields the reflected light from the adjacent layer. The light returning to the focusing lens includes less influence of the stray light. This light is detected with a detector to become a control signal and a data signal.
US07796487B2	Optical system for data storage devices An apparatus includes a moveable arm for positioning an optical transducer adjacent to a storage medium, a light source, and an elliptical or ellipsoid shaped mirror mounted for reflecting light from the light source to the optical transducer. The elliptical mirror can be positioned on an ellipse, the moveable arm can pivot about an axis passing through a first focus of the ellipse, and the light source can direct light from a point on a second axis passing through a second focus of the ellipse to the elliptical minor. The light source can include a fixed laser and a moveable mirror mounted to pivot about the second axis or a moveable laser mounted to pivot about the second axis. A method performed by the apparatus is also provided.
US07796482B2	Land Pre-Pit signal processing method and related apparatus The invention provides for a method, and related apparatus, of producing a Land Pre-Pit signal during playback of an optical disc and including the steps of obtaining an output signal from an optical detector and from which the Land Pre-Pit signal is to be derived, scaling the said output signal responsive to a determined amplitude of a high frequency crosstalk signal arising during reading of the disc and in a manner so as to increase the said output signal when the Land Pre-Pit identified as corresponding to a mark on the disc, and so as to decrease the output signal when the Land Pre-Pit is identified as corresponding to a space on the disc.
US07796478B2	Optical disk apparatus The whole reflection signal and a tracking error signal are detected while an objective lens is being moved in the radial direction of an optical disk, and the temporal difference between a time at which the value of the whole reflection signal becomes a maximum and a time at which the value of the tracking error signal becomes zero is detected in a predetermined time period. In addition, a value which is obtained by dividing the temporal difference by the time period of one cycle of the tracking error signal is acquired as a tilt appearance magnitude. Relational information in which a tilt appearance magnitude and a tilt correction magnitude corresponding to the tilt appearance magnitude are associated is read out, and the relational information read out and the current tilt appearance magnitude detected by a tilt-appearance-magnitude detection circuit are compared, thereby to determine the tilt correction magnitude necessary for a tilt correction. The tilt correction magnitude is notified to a tilt correction circuit, and is used in making the tilt correction.
US07796475B2	Optical pickup apparatus An optical pickup apparatus comprising: a collimating lens configured to convert laser light having Gaussian distribution property emitted from a laser diode from divergent light to parallel light; an objective lens configured to focus the laser light from the collimating lens onto a signal recording layer of an optical disc; and an adjustment film formed on a surface of an incident face of the collimating lens on which the laser light is incident, and configured to adjust transmittance of the laser light passing through the collimating lens, the adjustment film being formed on the surface of the incident face so that the transmittance is lower on the inner side of the incident face than on the outer side of the incident face.
US07796472B2	Medicine cap timing apparatus A medicine cap with a timing mechanism that automatically resets upon the removal of the cap from a medicine bottle. A timing device is housed within a medicine camp, with a diaphragm housed below the timing device. The diaphragm has a rod extending upward from a central location, and fastening the cap onto a bottle or container causes the rod to be pushed up into contact with, and activate, the timing device. Upon removal of the cap from the bottle or container, the rod loses contact with the timing device, and the timer is reset. The cap may comprise multiple pieces, so the cap may be used in child-proof mode by the engagement and disengagement of splines on the cap housing and a cap insert. Means are supplied for enabling the constant engaging of the splines.
US07796469B2	Method and program for fracture plane reconstruction The invention relates to a method for fracture plane reconstruction in a three-dimensional set (20) of values, comprising the steps of providing a computer with the three-dimensional set, display by the computer of a succession of plane sections (10) of the three-dimensional set, selection by the user of points of the fracture plane over some of these sections during their display; and reconstruction by the computer of the fracture plane from the selected points.
US07796468B2	Prediction of shallow drilling hazards using seismic refraction data Shallow drilling hazards (44), such as karsts, caves, voids and unconsolidated discontinuities, that can pose significant risks to exploration and development well drilling operations are detected employing seismic refraction data on which a series of attribute analyses are performed, the resulting data being further processed to provide a three-dimensional visualization. Refracted wave raypaths (40, 46, 48) are highly distorted by encountering a karst feature with the occurrence of backscattering absorption. The resultant energy recorded at the surface receivers (52) is significantly reduced as compared to refracted waves recorded by other receivers (50) where no karsting is present. Multiple refractors are subjected to a relatively simple and rapid processing using commercially available software to track these differences and to map them in the near surface to improve the siting of wells and to alert drilling engineers and crews to the possibility of encountering the hazard.
US07796465B2	Write leveling of memory units designed to receive access requests in a sequential chained topology A memory controller provided according to an aspect of the present invention uses a slower clock signal during write leveling compared to when performing write operations thereafter. Due to such use of a slower clock signal, the various desired delays can be determined accurately and/or easily. In an embodiment, the frequency of the slower clock signal is determined based on the maximum fly-by delay (generally the delay between sending of a signal on the shared sequential path and the receipt at the memory unit in the sequence) that may be present in the memory system. For example, if the fly by delay can be M (an integer) times the time period of the clock signal during normal write operations, the slower clock signal may have a time period of M times that of the clock signal during write operation.
US07796460B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprises an array of memory cells each including an antifuse to store information based on a variation in resistance in accordance with destruction of the insulator in the antifuse. The antifuse includes a semiconductor substrate, a first conduction layer formed in the surface of the semiconductor substrate, a first electrode provided on the first conduction layer to be given a first voltage, a second conduction layer provided on the semiconductor substrate with the insulator interposed therebetween, and a second electrode provided on the second conduction layer to be given a second voltage different from the first voltage. The first electrode or the second electrode is formed of a metal silicide.
US07796458B2	Selectively-powered memories Embodiments provide methods, apparatuses and systems including a plurality of memory cells configured to store bit values while being powered at a power-saving voltage lower than a normal-operation voltage during operation of a host apparatus, and power circuitry coupled to the plurality of memory cells. The power circuitry is configured to selectively power a first subset of the plurality of memory cells at the normal-operation voltage during operation of the host apparatus while concurrently powering a second subset of the plurality of memory cells at the power-saving voltage. The first and second subsets being different subsets of the memory cells.
US07796457B2	Motherboard with voltage regulator supporting DDR2 memory modules and DDR3 memory modules An exemplary motherboard includes a first slot arranged for mounting a first type of memory, a second slot arranged for mounting a second type of memory, a voltage regulator electronically connected to the first slot and the second slot, and a serial presence detect (SPD) unit connected to the voltage regulator. The first memory and the second memory alternatively mounted on the motherboard, the SPD detects which type of memory is mounted on the motherboard, and the voltage regulator outputs voltages suitable for the type of the memory mounted on the motherboard according to a detection result of the SPD.
US07796454B2	Sensing circuit of a phase change memory and sensing method thereof A sensing circuit of a phase change memory. The sensing circuit comprises a storage capacitor and a reference capacitor, a storage memory device and a reference memory device, a storage discharge switch and a reference discharge switch, and an arbitrator. First terminals of the storage capacitor and the reference capacitor are respectively coupled to a pre-charge voltage via first switches. First terminals of the storage memory device and the reference memory device are respectively coupled to the first terminals of the storage capacitor and the reference capacitor. The storage discharge switch and the reference discharge switch are respectively coupled to second terminals of the storage memory device and the reference memory device. The arbitrator is coupled to the first terminals of the storage memory device and the reference memory device and provides an output as a read result of the storage memory device.
US07796452B2	Semiconductor memory device maintaining word line driving voltage A semiconductor memory for maintaining a word line driving voltage includes a cell array and a sense amplifier adjacent to the cell array. A dummy cell is formed at a peripheral portion of the cell array in such a manner that a dummy bit line and a word line intersect. A control circuit switches the connection state between a first section of the dummy bit line passing through the cell array and a second section of the dummy bit line passing through the sense amplifier. The connection state switches according to the operation mode of the cell array. The dummy bit line is floated when the operation mode is an active mode and a precharge voltage is provided to the dummy bit line when the operation mode is a precharge mode.
US07796446B2	Memory dies for flexible use and method for configuring memory dies A memory die, including a memory array, a memory array data terminal and a data bus that includes a first sub bus and a second sub bus is disclosed. A first bi-directional buffer arranged between the memory array data terminal and the first sub bus and a second bi-directional buffer arranged between the memory array data terminal and the second sub bus is also disclosed. The first and second bi-directional buffers are adapted to couple the first sub bus or the second sub bus to the memory array data terminal at a time.
US07796441B2	Method of reading configuration data in flash memory device Provided is a method of reading configuration data in a flash memory device, including a memory cell array which stores configuration data about an operating environment of the flash memory device. The method includes setting a read time of the configuration data to differ from a read time of normal data, and reading the configuration data.
US07796436B2	Reading method for MLC memory and reading circuit using the same A reading method for a multi-level cell (MLC) memory includes the following steps. A number of word line voltages are sequentially provided to an MLC memory cell. A number of bit line voltages corresponding to the word line voltages are sequentially provided to the MLC memory cell. One of the word line voltages is higher than another one of the word line voltages, and one of the bit line voltages corresponding to the one of the word line voltages is lower than another one of the bit line voltages corresponding to the another one of the word line voltages.
US07796432B2	Non-volatile memory device and method of operating the same A non-volatile memory device may include a plurality of stacked semiconductor layers, a plurality of NAND strings, a common bit line, a common source line, and/or a plurality of string selection lines. The plurality of NAND strings may be on the plurality of semiconductor layers. Each of the plurality of NAND strings may include a plurality of memory cells and/or at least one string selection transistor arranged in a NAND-cell array. The common bit line may be commonly connected to each of the NAND strings at a first end of the memory cells. The common source line may be commonly connected to each of the NAND strings at a second end of the memory cells. The plurality of string selection lines may be coupled to the at least one string selection transistor included in each of the NAND strings such that a signal applied to the common bit line is selectively applied to the NAND strings.
US07796430B2	Non-volatile memory using multiple boosting modes for reduced program disturb A non-volatile storage system which reduces program disturb. Multiple boosting modes are implemented while programming non-volatile storage. For example, self-boosting, local self-boosting, erased area self-boosting and revised erased area self-boosting may be used. One or more switching criteria are used to determine when to switch to a different boosting mode. The boosting mode may be used to prevent program disturb in unselected NAND strings while storage elements are being programmed in selected NAND strings. By switching boosting modes, an optimal boosting mode can be used as conditions change. The boosting mode can be switched based on various criteria such as program pulse number, program pulse amplitude, program pass number, the position of a selected word line, whether coarse or fine programming is used, whether a storage element reaches a program condition and/or a number of program cycles of the non-volatile storage device.
US07796428B2	Thermally assisted magnetic write memory A thermally assisted magnetic write memory including of memory points or memory cells, each of which includes a double magnetic tunnel junction separated from one another by a layer made from an antiferromagnetic material, and whereof the stacking order of the layers constituting them is reversed with regard to one another. Each of the magnetic tunnel junctions includes a reference layer, a storage layer, an insulating layer inserted between the reference and storage layers, constituting the tunnel barrier of the magnetic tunnel junction concerned. The blocking temperature of the layer is lower than the blocking temperature of the reference layer of the corresponding magnetic tunnel junction. The product RA resistance×area of the two tunnel barriers is different. Each memory point a way to heat the storage layers to a temperature above the blocking temperature of the layers.
US07796426B2	Semiconductor device A technique capable of improving speed of a set operation, which controls writing rate in a semiconductor device including a memory cell using a phase-change material. The technique uses means for setting a set-pulse voltage to be applied to the phase-change material to have two steps: the first-step voltage sets a temperature of the phase-change memory to a temperature at which the fastest nucleation is obtained; and the second pulse sets the temperature to a temperature at which the fastest crystal growth is obtained, thereby obtaining solid-phase growth of the phase-change material without melting. Moreover, the technique uses means for controlling the two-step voltage applied to the phase-change memory by a two-step voltage applied to a word line capable of reducing the drain current variation.
US07796417B1	Memory circuits having programmable non-volatile resistors A non-volatile memory circuit includes a first inverter, a second inverter coupled to the first inverter, a first programmable non-volatile resistor coupled to the first inverter, and a first access device coupled to the first programmable non-volatile resistor. According to some embodiments, a second programmable non-volatile resistor is coupled to the second inverter, and a second access device is coupled to the second programmable non-volatile resistor. The access devices can be, for example, transistors or diodes.
US07796414B2	Memory module, system and method of making same A memory module, system and method of making the same includes a memory module including a plurality of memory devices having a first portion of memory devices cooperatively forming a first rank of memory devices and a second portion of memory devices cooperatively forming a second rank of memory devices. The first and second portions of memory devices are grouped into a plurality of memory device stacks, wherein each of the plurality of memory device stacks includes at least one of the plurality of memory devices coupled to a first portion of a plurality of DQ signals and at least another one of the plurality of memory devices coupled to a different second portion of the plurality of DQ signals.
US07796401B2	Chip element A chip element according to this invention can reduce the influence of parasitic capacitance and parasitic inductance when used in a GHz band. A substrate is formed of a low permittivity material having a permittivity low enough to reduce parasitic capacitance in a GHz band. Parasitic capacitance inherent to the chip element is reduced.
US07796398B2	System of components in an electronic device The invention provides a system of components in an electronic device. The system comprises: a printed circuit board (PCB); a first component mounted to the PCB; a cap located about the first component, the cap having an arm extending outwardly from a body of the cap; a second component; and a platform for the second component.
US07796397B2	Electronic components assembly and method for producing same Provided is an electronic components assembly capable of effectively dealing with unwanted charge accumulated in a capacitor even when general-purpose components are used. An assembly 10 includes an electrolytic capacitor 1, a coil lead 4, and a circuit mounting board 5. The electrolytic capacitor 1 includes a main body 1a, an anode lead 2, and a cathode lead 3. The coil lead 4 is wrapped around the main body 1a. The circuit mounting board 5 has the electrolytic capacitor 1 and the coil lead 4 mounted thereon. The coil lead 4 is connected to a ground of the circuit mounting board 5.
US07796395B2	Heat dissipation device for semiconductor package module, and semiconductor package module having the same A semiconductor package module having a heat dissipation device includes one or more semiconductor packages with each semiconductor package having semiconductor chips and solder balls connected to the semiconductor chips. A printed circuit board is electrically connected to each of the semiconductor packages. The heat dissipation device dissipates heat generated within the semiconductor package module and includes a fastening member having a fastening body. The fastening member is placed in the space between the semiconductor chips and the printed circuit board, which occurs due to the presence of the solder balls. A coupling groove is defined in an upper surface of the fastening body, and a heat dissipation member covers the semiconductor packages. A through-hole is defined in the heat dissipation member at a position corresponding to the coupling groove, and a coupling member is disposed within the through-hole and is coupled to the coupling groove.
US07796393B2	Assembly device and assembly method for a cooling element A device can be used for applying a cooling element onto a module. The cooling element has a first side part and a second side part opposite the first side part. The first and second side parts are connected by a region. The device includes a spreader, which is adapted to spread apart the first and second side parts by mechanical pressure action on mutually opposite sides of the first and second side parts, so as to be able to guide a predetermined region of the module between the first and second side parts.
US07796392B2	Electronic construction unit and electrical circuit carrier An electronic device having an electrical circuit carrier and a body is specified, in which at least one riveted connection is formed between the electrical circuit carrier and the body. In the case of such a device, the electrical circuit carrier can be mechanically incorporated in a stable manner and with little technical complexity. An electrical circuit carrier having at least one rivet is also specified.
US07796390B1	Fastener and heat sink assembly having the same A heat sink assembly is mounted on a printed circuit board to dissipate heat generated by an electronic component. The heat sink assembly includes a heat sink and a plurality of fasteners fixing the heat sink to the printed circuit board. The fastener includes a head, a post extending downwardly from the head through the heat sink, an elastic member encircling the post and compressed between the head and the heat sink, and an engaging member fixed to the printed circuit board. A top of the engaging member is fastened to a bottom of the post. When the post, together with the head, is rotated relative to an axis thereof toward a locked position, the post would be driven by the engaging member to automatically lock with the engaging member at the locked position.
US07796384B2	Hybrid chassis cooling system In a system for housing electronics cards, methods and systems for cooling the electronics cards are presented. Each electronics card preferably contains heat-producing electronics and a heat sink, and is preferably placed within a card guide of the chassis and secured into position with a clamping device. At least one of the heat sink, the card guide, the clamping device, and a cold wall of the chassis are used to facilitate the conduction cooling of the heat-producing electronics. Furthermore, a clamping device may rigidly secure a card into position, thus reducing the impact of vibrations (including shock) on the card. Additionally, an air flow further cools the electronics cards, the card guides, and/or the cold wall.
US07796380B2	Fastening device for computer read/write or storage device A positioning device for a computer read/write or storage device is provided. The positioning device allows the computer read/write or storage device (such as an optical disk drive, a hard disk drive, or a magnetic disk drive) to be readily installed in a computer chassis and rapidly detached therefrom for replacement without using screws.
US07796379B2	Electronic data storage device structure An electronic data storage device structure comprises a casing, at least one electronic data storage device, and a cap. The casing has a receiving space and at least one opening, the electronic data storage device is plugged into the opening, the cap is coupled with the casing, and the cap covers up the receiving space. Thereby, the electronic data storage device can store electronic data, and the receiving space can accommodate some beautiful or functional things.
US07796378B2	Panel type display device A panel type display device to achieve easy assembly, high productivity and low manufacturing costs with a reduced number of elements. The panel type display device includes a display panel, electronic elements arranged at a rear side of the display panel, an electromagnetic-wave shield cover to receive the electronic elements, a front case and a rear case coupled with each other to receive the display panel, electronic elements and electromagnetic-wave shield cover, a plurality of panel supporting pieces provided at at least one of the front case and rear case to support the display panel, at least one supporting member extending from the electromagnetic-wave shield cover and supported by at least one of a rim of the display panel and an inner surface of the rear case to determine an assembling position of the electromagnetic-wave shield cover, and a plurality of cover supporting pieces provided at the inner surface of the rear case to support the electromagnetic-wave shield cover without movements while pushing it toward a rear surface of the display panel.
US07796373B2	Dielectric ceramic and monolithic ceramic capacitor A dielectric ceramic represented by a general formula: 100BamTiO3+aROn+bMOv+cXOw (where R represents a rare earth element, M represents a predetermined metal element, and n, v, and w represent independently a positive number determined in accordance with the valences of the elements R and M and a sintering aid component X, respectively), and the solid solution regions of the secondary components in the main phase grains are 10% or less (including 0%) on average in terms of a cross-sectional area ratio. The sintering aid component X contains at least Si, and m, a, b, and c satisfy 0.995≦m≦1.030, 0.1≦a≦2.0, 0.1≦b≦3.0, and 0.1≦c≦5.0. In a monolithic ceramic capacitor, dielectric layers are formed from the above-described dielectric ceramic. Consequently, a dielectric ceramic having a good AC voltage characteristic, maintaining a desired large dielectric constant and a good temperature characteristic, exhibiting a small dielectric loss, and being capable of ensuring the reliability and a monolithic ceramic capacitor including the dielectric ceramic are realized.
US07796372B2	Manufacture of 3 dimensional MIM capacitors in the last metal level of an integrated circuit A method is for fabricating an integrated circuit formed from a substrate and including several metallic interconnection levels in which, in a same plane parallel to the main plane of the substrate, is a plurality of thick horizontal metallic interconnection lines, as well as one or several MIM capacitors fitted with metallic electrodes that are orthogonal to the main plane of the substrate.
US07796371B2	Integrated capacitive microfluidic sensors method and apparatus A micro fluidic device and method for capacitive sensing. The device includes a fluid channel including an inlet at a first end and an outlet at a second end, a cavity region coupled to the fluid channel, and a polymer based membrane coupled between the fluid channel and the cavity region. Additionally, the device includes a first capacitor electrode coupled to the membrane, a second capacitor electrode coupled to the cavity region and physically separated from the first capacitor electrode by at least the cavity region, and an electrical power source coupled between the first capacitor electrode and the second capacitor electrode and causing an electric field at least within the cavity region. The polymer based membrane includes a polymer.
US07796368B2	High-frequency power supply system A high-frequency power supply system includes an anomaly detector 3 which detects an anomaly occurring in a circuit on the side of a load L as from an outputting end A of a high-frequency power source 1. The anomaly detector 3 includes a first detector 21 which detects a voltage value Vf of a high-frequency forward wave, a second detector 22 which detects a voltage value Vr of a high-frequency reflected wave, a reflection coefficient calculator 23 and a differentiator 24 which calculate a reflection coefficient differential value dΓ/dt from the forward wave voltage value Vf and the reflected wave voltage value Vr, and an anomaly determiner 25 which determines of an occurrence of an anomaly based on the reflection coefficient differential value dΓ/dt. When the anomaly detector 3 outputs an anomaly detection signal to the high-frequency power source 1, high-frequency power source 1 stops its power output operation.
US07796365B2	Method of improved current sensing in DC-DC converters A DC-DC converter includes a chip including an error amplifier and a pulse width modulator (PWM) having an input connected to an output of the error amplifier, and an inductor driven by said PWM in series with an output node (VOUT) of the converter, wherein a load current flows through the inductor. VOUT is fed back through a network including a feedback resistor (RFB) to an inverting input of the error amplifier. A circuit for sensing the load current includes a first operational amplifier, a sense resistor on the chip having resistance RSENSE coupled to an inverting input of the first amplifier; wherein a sense current related to the load current flows through the sense resistor, a dependent current source provides an output current to supply the sense current. A reference resistor is disposed on the chip having a resistance RREFERENCE which is a fixed multiple of RSENSE. A set resistor is provided having a resistance RSET. Tracking circuitry sets a voltage across the reference resistor to be equal to a voltage across the set resistor. A function block is coupled to receive a current through the set resistor and a current through the reference resistor to find their ratio. A current multiplier is provided, wherein an output of the function block is coupled to the current multiplier. The current multiplier provides a measurement current which is proportional to the load current divided by RSET.
US07796364B2	Current-perpendicular-to-plane sensor epitaxially grown on a bottom shield A current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) magnetoresistance sensor and a method for forming a current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) magnetoresistance sensor. The method includes providing a ferromagnetic shield layer and disposing one or more seed layers on the ferromagnetic shield layer. The method also includes disposing a pinning layer on the one or more seed layers, wherein the pinning layer excludes PtMn, and disposing a pinned layer on the pinning layer. The shield layer, each of the one or more seed layers, the pinning layer, and the pinned layer are comprised of compounds having face-centered-cubic structures.
US07796361B2	Magnetic head for perpendicular magnetic recording and method of manufacturing same A pole layer has a track width defining portion and a wide portion. The pole layer has: first and second side surfaces located opposite to each other in a first region extending from a medium facing surface to a position at a distance of 10 to 300 nm from the medium facing surface; third and fourth side surfaces located in a second region other than the first region; a fifth side surface located at the boundary between the first and second regions and connecting the first and third side surfaces to each other; and a sixth side surface located at the boundary between the first and second regions and connecting the second and fourth side surfaces to each other. The distance between the first and second side surfaces taken in the track width direction decreases with decreasing distance from the top surface of the substrate. The angle formed by the third and fourth side surfaces with respect to the direction orthogonal to the top surface of the substrate is smaller than that formed by the first and second side surfaces with respect to the direction orthogonal to the top surface of the substrate.
US07796353B2	Patterned-media magnetic recording disk with optical contrast enhancement and disk drive using optical contrast for write synchronization A patterned-media magnetic recording disk drive uses an optical system for clocking the write data and a patterned-media disk that has discrete magnetizable data islands with nonmagnetic spaces between the islands, wherein the nonmagnetic spaces contain optical contrast material. The optical contrast material may be optically absorptive material, fluorescent material, or a metal layer that generates surface plasmons when excited by radiation of a specific wavelength. Radiation from a primary radiation source is directed to a near-field transducer maintained near the disk surface and a radiation detector detects radiation reflected back from the transducer. If the disk has fluorescent material or a metal layer in the nonmagnetic spaces, then a secondary radiation source irradiates the fluorescent material or metal layer with radiation of a specific wavelength to cause the fluorescent material to emit radiation or the metal layer to generate surface plasmons. As the disk rotates, reflected optical power from the transducer varies depending on whether an island or space is under the transducer. The output signal from the radiation detector output controls the write clock.
US07796351B2	Optical axis tilting device for laser optical system An optical axis tilting device for laser optical system is configured to include a lens barrel in which a laser optical system is disposed; a tilt frame provided with a tilt sensor, a tilt mechanism including a drive motor, a threaded shaft, a movable member, and a position detector; a leveling mechanism; a ball joint mechanism including a ball support portion in the lens barrel, a ball portion made of a magnetic material and supported between the ball support portion and the tilt frame, a conical recess formed in one of the ball support portion and the tilt frame, and a permanent magnet provided in the one of the ball support portion and the tilt frame; and a computing portion.
US07796346B2	Zoom lens system A zoom lens system includes, in order from an object side to an image side, first to fourth lens groups respectively having positive, negative, positive, and positive refractive powers. When zooming from a wide-angle end to a telephoto end, the first and third lens groups move to the object side and the second lens group moves to the image side, whereby a spacing between the first and second lens groups and a spacing between the third and fourth lens groups are increased and a spacing between the second and third lens groups is decreased. The fourth lens group moves for focusing. The following condition is satisfied: 0 <  MG ⁢ ⁢ 2 · Y f ⁢ ⁢ 2  ≤ 2.3 where MG2 represents the movement range of the second lens group when zooming from the wide-angle end to the telephoto end, Y represents a maximum diagonal length of the image plane, and f2 represents the focal length of the second lens group.
US07796343B2	Photomask inspection apparatus According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a photomask inspection apparatus which observes a pattern provided on a mask substrate of a mask to inspect the mask including an object lens, and a liquid that is present between a last lens in the side closer to the mask of the object lens and the mask.
US07796341B2	Lenses, optical sources, and their couplings A lens may operate in the mid-IR spectral region and couple highly divergent beams into highly collimated beams. In combination with a light source having a characteristic output beam, the lens may provide highly stable, miniaturized mid-IR sources that deliver optical beams. An advanced mounting system may provide long term sturdy mechanical coupling and alignment to reduce operator maintenance. In addition, devices may also support electrical and thermal subsystems that are delivered via these mounting systems. A mid-IR singlet lens having a numerical aperture greater than about 0.7 and a focal length less than 10 mm may be combined with a quantum well stack semiconductor based light source such that the emission facet of the semiconductor lies in the focus of the lens less than 2 mm away from the lens surface. Together, these systems may provide a package that is highly portable and robust, and easily integrated with external optical systems.
US07796332B2	3D display device Upon displaying a targeted stereoscopic image formed by a background image planar component and a spring-out image stereoscopic component, a stereoscopic display device controls and stereoscopically displays the spring-out image having a large parallax so that the amount of transmitted light of a light transmitting portion of a light control panel is T1. Thereafter, the amount of transmitted light of the light transmitting portion of the light control panel is switched from T1 to T2, where T2 is larger than T1. The background image having a small parallax is displayed.
US07796330B2	Anti-speckling laser rear-projection screen structure and methodology A rear-projection screen structure, and an associated method, for creating on the front, image-viewing side of a rear-projection screen structure an anti-speckled, rear-projected, laser-beam image. Methodologically, and as implemented by the structure of the invention, the invention steps include projecting a source laser-image beam toward the rear side of such a screen structure, and while so projecting, introducing relative-motion optical diffusion in the laser beam path which exists between the source laser-image beam and the screen-structure's image-viewing side.
US07796329B2	Sighting device A sighting device couples a sight mark into a viewing beam path and is especially for a handheld weapon (2), a bow or a pump gun. The sighting device includes an optical component (6) having a first optical coupling element (8) for coupling the sight mark from a sight mark source into the component (6) and having a second optical coupling element in the region of the viewing beam path for coupling the sight mark (14) out of the component (6) and into the viewing beam path. The second optical coupling element is configured as a diffractive structure (9). The optical component (6) is configured to be totally reflective for guiding the sight mark beam in the interior of the optical component and is at least partially transmissive for the viewing beam paths in the region of the viewing beam path. In this way, a compact and lightweight illuminated sight is provided.
US07796328B2	Laser scanning microscope with illumination perpendicular to the optical axis Arrangement for microscopic observation and/or detection of a sample that is at least partially transparent by way of a microscope objective, whereby an illumination of the sample outside the objective is carried out from at least from one side at an angle to the optical axis of the objective and the illumination light is focused on the sample with a smaller aperture than that of the viewing objective and that a coupling of the illumination light over a beam splitter, preferably in the objective pupil, is carried out for coupling, at its circumference, slightly expanding transmitting or reflecting areas for steering the illumination light to the sample, but otherwise is designed so that it is reflecting or transmitting for the sample light on the rest of the area.
US07796326B1	Apparent incoherence method A method and system whereby a narrow linewidth coherent laser source when transmitted as a plurality of output signals and subsequently detected at a distance appears to produce the uniform illumination characteristics of an incoherent source thereby suppressing laser speckle and environmentally induced scintillation effects. A master oscillator source is split into N signals, each of which is independently phase modulated by frequencies designed to minimize a derived apparent incoherence factor. The signals are then either directed to an object to be illuminated so that they overlap at the object or first recombined and directed to the object.
US07796320B2	Stacked layer electrode for organic electronic devices An electrode for an electro-optic device has a wetting layer of electrically conductive material formed on a substrate. A second layer of electrically conductive material is formed on the wetting layer of electrically conductive material. The wetting layer has a first wetting ability with respect to a surface of the substrate and the second layer has a second wetting ability with respect to the surface of said substrate. The first wetting ability is different from the second wetting ability and the wetting layer acts to alter an optical property of the electrode due to the wetting ability of the wetting layer on the surface of the substrate.
US07796319B2	Apparatus and methods relating to wavelength conditioning of illumination Lighting systems comprising a spectrum former upstream from a reflective pixelated spatial light modulator (reflective SLM), the SLM reflecting substantially all of the light in the spectrum into at least two different light paths, that do not reflect back to the light source or the spectrum former. At least one of the light paths acts as a projection light path and transmits desired light out of the lighting system. The lighting systems provide virtually any desired color(s) and intensity(s) of light, and avoid overheating problems by deflecting unwanted light and other electromagnetic radiation out of the system or to a heat management system. The systems can be part of another system, a luminaire, or any other suitable light source. The systems can provide virtually any desired light, from the light seen at the break of morning to specialized light for treating cancer or psoriasis, and may change color and intensity at speeds that are perceptually instantaneous.
US07796315B1	MEMS mirror made from topside and backside etching of wafer A process for constructing a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device includes etching the topside of a silicon wafer to form a first support layer having asymmetric pads. The backside of the silicon wafer is etched to form a top layer with a mirror, beam structures extending from the mirror, and rotating comb teeth extending from the beam structures. Before or after the backside of the silicon wafer is etched, the topside of the silicon wafer is bonded to a glass wafer that forms a second support layer. Prior to bonding the silicon wafer to the glass wafer, the glass wafer may be etched to form a recess and/or a cavity that accommodates mobile elements in the silicon wafer. Due to the asymmetry of the pads in the first support layer below the rotating comb teeth in the top layer, oscillation can be initiated.
US07796312B2	Holographic recording method and holographic recording apparatus A holographic recording apparatus 10 realizes multilevel gray-scale recording by: controlling a reflection type spatial light modulator (DMD 18D) via a control unit 24 so that an object beam in an object optical system 18 is reflected in an exposure direction so as to be incident on a holographic recording medium 16 or in a non-exposure direction so as not to be incident thereon selectively pixel by pixel in accordance with a data page to be recorded; and making (N+1) levels of gradation exposure with a single exposure time t1 given by dividing t0 by N, where t0 is an exposure time necessary for rendering a single pixel of the data page as an ON pixel, and N is an integer of not less than 2.
US07796307B2	Image reading apparatus and copying apparatus An image reading apparatus including: first reading sensor to read an image of an original document at a first position; a second reading sensor at second position downstream; a circulating transport path; a first switchback provided between the first and second positions; a second switchback provided between the second and first positions; a first gate at a branching point of the first switchback; a second gate at a branching point of the second switchback; a sheet exit; a third gate provided at a branching point of the sheet exit; and a controller, which controls such that: the original document is transported through two switchbacks, both face images are read by the two reading sensors; and in another mode, the original document is transported through one of the two switchback sections, and both face images are read by one of the two reading sensors.
US07796302B2	Image processing apparatus and method for generating an image signal for gradation An image processing apparatus includes a receiving section, an edge detection section and a screen processing section. The receiving section receives image information. The edge detection section detects an edge area from the image information received by the receiving section. The screen processing section performs a screen process, which is based on area coverage modulation, for the image information on a basis of the detection result by the edge detection section. The screen processing section performs a screen process for the edge area detected by the edge detection section with (i) a screen angle, which is equal to that of a screen process performed for a non-edge area other than the edge area, and (ii) a number of lines per inch, which is an integer multiple of that of the screen process performed for the non-edge area.
US07796301B2	Method of super image resolution A method of improving resolution for an image is disclosed. The method for improving resolution of an image includes loading a first image and creating a first super grid image based on the first image. The method also includes loading a second image and creating a second super grid image based on the second image. The method then arranges the first super grid image and a second super grid image into an unprocessed super grid image having a checkerboard like pattern. Next the method calculates a pixel value from at least two pixel values of the unprocessed super grid image. Then the method will insert pixels into a super resolution image and display that super resolution image on a display.
US07796300B2	High-speed printing method having parallel processes A method of printing having the steps of receiving compressed page data that includes both continuous tone (“contone”) data and foreground bi-level data, and decompressing the contone data and the foreground bi-level data in parallel. The method also includes the steps of halftoning the contone data to bi-level color data and compositing the foreground bi-level data over the bi-level color data to create composited bi-level color image data, wherein the steps of halftoning and compositing are performed in parallel. The method also includes the step of printing the composited bi-level color image data.
US07796290B2	Image forming device, image forming system, and computer readable medium An image forming device includes: a processing unit that executes a prescribed process; a user interface unit that displays information related to the executed process, and that receives a setting of content of the executed process; a communication unit that is connected to an external device, that obtains process content information and content of the setting in the user interface unit from the external device, and that obtains operator information; a storage that stores the process content information and the operator information so as to be coordinated with each other; a user specifying unit that specifies a user; and a control unit that controls content of a display specified based on the process content information to be displayed on the user interface unit, and considers content of a setting specified based on the process content information to be received by the user interface unit.
US07796288B2	Printer control apparatus, printer control method, and computer readable recording medium stored with computer program for controlling printer An operating screen including a printing setup screen containing the setup items of printing conditions that a user can select is provided to the user. Further, a result of searching for printers that match the values of the setup items is arranged on the printer selection screen within the operating screen, and a “Print” button is arranged on the operating screen for the user to operate for instructing a printer displayed as the result of the search.
US07796287B2	Image processing system, image processing device, and audit data transfer mode In an image processing system which is configured by providing an image processing device for executing an image process to input image data and a server device, the image processing device comprises a storage unit to store audit data including the input image data and history information generated in association with execution of the image process to the image data, and the server device acquires the audit data stored in the storage unit and stores the acquired audit data. Then, in the case where the image process is executed by the image processing device, the acquisition of the audit data by the acquisition unit is inhibited.
US07796286B2	Image forming apparatus, replacement part, method and apparatus for recycling replacement part, and method of controlling image forming apparatus An image forming apparatus includes a judging unit that judges whether a replacement part attached to the image forming apparatus needs replacement based on consumption information indicative of how much the replacement part has been consumed. The replacement part includes a storage unit that stores therein information including identification information unique to the replacement part. When the judging unit judges that the replacement part needs replacement, a reading unit reads the identification information from the replacement part, and an encrypting unit encrypts a predetermined piece of information in the replacement part based on the identification information read by the reading unit.
US07796283B2	System and method for utilizing excess printing capability The present invention is a system and method for utilizing excess printing capacity. The present invention utilizes a printing network that consists of a printing service provider, one or more print jobs, a printing distribution system, and printing partners. The printing service provider uses a printing distribution system to distribute standardized print jobs to printing partners at a fixed price.
US07796282B2	Image forming apparatus, printing apparatus and image processing method An image forming apparatus, printing apparatus and image processing method are provided that enable simple execution of reprinting of an image by selecting a history of a reprintable image from a printing history of a printing apparatus that is displayed on an operations screen. In the case of the printing history of an image that was printed by the copying machine 1001, it is first determined whether or not reprinting of the image that was printed is authorized. When it was determined as a result that reprinting of the image in question is authorized, a URL showing the storage destination of the image is stored and a reprint button 1110 showing that reprinting of the image is authorized is displayed together with printing history information associated with the URL on an operations screen 2013 of a console 2012.
US07796278B2	Method for precisely measuring position of a part to be inspected at a part inspection station A method for precisely measuring position of a part to be inspected at a part inspection station is provided. The method includes positioning a part having a part axis relative to a measurement axis at the part inspection station and scanning the positioned part with an array of planes of radiation so that the part occludes each of the planes of radiation over a measurement interval of the part to create a corresponding array of unobstructed planar portions of the planes of radiation. Each of the unobstructed planar portions contains an amount of radiation which is representative of a respective geometric dimension of the part. The method also includes measuring the amount of radiation present in each of the unobstructed planar portions to obtain measurement signals and processing the measurement signals to obtain a geometric measurement between the axes at the measurement interval. The geometric measurement may be a distance between the axes or angle between the axes. If the geometric measurement is outside an acceptable range of geometric values, the method may further include repositioning the part until the geometric measurement between the axes at the measurement interval is within the acceptable range of geometric values.
US07796276B2	Apparatus and method for examining a curved surface An apparatus and a method for examining a curved surface (5), having a camera (2) and an objective (3) and a lamp (4), is described. The camera (2) can be aimed at the inside of the curved surface (5), and the lamp (4) can be located such that light (7) emitted by the lamp (4) is reflected from the inside of the curved surface (5) into the camera (2). To attain high contrast with a simple arrangement, the lamp (4) is located in the beam path of the objective (3) of the camera (2).
US07796275B2	Phase-shifting interferometry in the presence of vibration using phase bias A phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) method and corresponding system including: (i) recording an interferogram for each phase in a sequence of phases between test light reflected from a test surface and reference light reflected from a reference surface, the test and reference light being derived from a common source, each interferogram corresponding to an intensity pattern produced by interfering the reflected test light with the reflected reference light, the interferograms defining an interferometry signal for each of different transverse locations of a cavity defined by the test and reference surfaces, each interferometry signal including a series of intensity values corresponding to the sequence of phases, with the difference between each pair of phases in the sequence defining a corresponding phase shift increment; (ii) calculating an initial phase map for the cavity based on at least some of the recorded interferograms; (iii) calculating an estimate for each of at least some of the phase shift increments based on the initial phase map and at least some of the recorded interferograms; and (iv) calculating an improved phase map based on the calculated estimates for the phase shift increments and at least some of the recorded interferograms.
US07796274B2	System for measuring the image quality of an optical imaging system A measuring system (100) for the optical measurement of an optical imaging system (150), which is provided to image a pattern arranged in an object surface (155) of the imaging system in an image surface (156) of the imaging system, comprises an object-side structure carrier (110) having an object-side measuring structure (111), to be arranged on the object side of the imaging system; an image-side structure carrier (120) having an image-side measuring structure (121), to be arranged on the image side of the imaging system; the object-side measuring structure and the image-side measuring structure being matched to each other in such a way that, when the object-side measuring structure is imaged onto the image-side measuring structure with the aid of the imaging system, a superposition pattern is produced; and a detector (130) for the locally resolving acquisition of the superposition pattern. The imaging system is designed as an immersion system for imaging with the aid of an immersion liquid (171). A structure carrier to be arranged in the region of the immersion liquid is assigned a protective system (125) in order to increase the resistance of the measuring structure to degradation caused by the immersion liquid. A measurement of immersion systems under immersion conditions is thereby possible without detrimental influence of the immersion liquid on the measuring accuracy.
US07796272B2	Position-measuring device for measuring a position of an object relative to a tool having a tool centerpoint A position-measuring device is used for measuring the position of an object relative to a tool, the tool having a tool center point. The position-measuring device includes at least two intersected scales displaceable relative to each other in at least one plane of movement, and an assigned optical scanning unit which generates position signals for at least one measuring direction parallel to the plane of movement. Each scale has a neutral pivot, about which a tilt of the respective scale causes no change of the detected position. The scanning optics ensure that the position of the neutral pivots of the two scales correspond. The positioning of the scales relative to the tool center point ensures that the neutral pivots of the two scales and the tool center point lie in a plane which is parallel to the plane of movement.
US07796270B2	Systems and methods for generating data based on one or more spectrally-encoded endoscopy techniques Exemplary systems and methods for generating data associated with at least one portion of a sample can be provided. For example, according to one exemplary embodiment of such systems and methods, it is possible to provide a particular radiation using at least one first arrangement. The particular radiation can include at least one first electro-magnetic radiation directed to at least one sample and at least one second electro-magnetic radiation directed to a reference arrangement. The first radiation and/or the second radiation can comprise a plurality of wavelengths. The first electro-magnetic radiation can be spectrally dispersed along at least one portion of the sample. The second electro-magnetic radiation measured at two or more different lengths of the reference arrangement with respect to the first arrangement. Data can be generated which is associated with the first and second electro-magnetic radiations obtained at the two different lengths using at least one second arrangement which comprises a spectrometer arrangement.
US07796269B2	Irregularly shaped actuator fingers for a micro-electromechanical system fabry-perot filter According to one embodiment, a micro-electrical mechanical system apparatus includes (i) a comb drive actuator having at least one irregularly shaped finger and (ii) a movable Fabry-Perot filter cavity mirror coupled to the comb drive actuator. According to some embodiments, a relationship between a voltage applied to the comb drive actuator and an amount of displacement associated with the movable mirror is substantially linear.
US07796266B2	Optical detection system using electromagnetic radiation to detect presence or quantity of analyte A system that employs transmission-based detection techniques to determine the presence or concentration of an analyte within a test sample is provided. Specifically, the optical detection system contains a chromatographic-based assay device that is positioned in the electromagnetic radiation path defined between an illumination source and detector. To enhance the sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the system without significantly increasing costs, the distance between the illumination source and/or detector and the assay device is minimized. The illumination source and/or detector may also be positioned directly adjacent to the assay device. In addition, the system may be selectively controlled to reduce reliance on external optical components, such as optical filters or diffusers.
US07796265B2	Optical absorption gas analyser An optical absorption gas analyzer for determining the concentration of a target gas in a sample is disclosed. The analyzer comprises a chamber for containing the sample in use; a radiation source assembly arranged to emit radiation into the chamber; a first radiation detector assembly arranged to detect radiation transmitted along a first optical path through the chamber and a second radiation detector assembly arranged to detect radiation transmitted along a second optical path through the chamber, wherein the length of the second optical path which the sample can intercept is shorter than that of the first optical path. The analyzer further comprises a processor adapted to generate a sensing signal SS based on the detected radiation transmitted along the first optical path and a reference signal SR based on the detected radiation transmitted along the second optical path. The processor determines the concentration of the target gas in the sample based on a comparison of the sensing signal with the reference signal.
US07796262B1	Integrated optical resonator device for measuring chemical and biological analyte concentrations The current invention provides methods for detecting trace analytes in solution or suspension using coupled micro-ring resonators. The methods of the current invention determine the presence and concentration of the target analytes in real time by exposing the micro-ring resonator to the analyte and determining the resulting rate of change of resonance wavelength experienced by a sensing micro-ring resonator as compared to a reference micro-ring resonator.
US07796258B2	Apparatus and method of non-sampling-based Q-factor measuring A non-sampling-based Q-factor measuring apparatus and method use a power conversion module to transform the power variation of inputted optical signals in time domain into the variation in other domains, such as optical wavelength, optical polarization and different output ports of optical elements. Taking optical wavelength as an example, different levels of power variation respond different outputs of wavelength variation through the use of a power-to-wavelength conversion module. An optical filter then separates the inputted optical signals with different wavelengths. The power average of a wavelength for its corresponding optical signals is further calculated by a photo detector. Thereby, the information of the power variation for the inputted optical signals at levels 1 and 0 can be obtained, and the Q-factor for the inputted optical signals is easily measured.
US07796256B2	Oil-immersion enhanced imaging flow cytometer A flow chamber, imaging objective, condenser and imaging light source as part of an optical system includes an oil-immersion objective and high numerical aperture condenser matched to a rectangular flow chamber. The oil-immersion objective and flow chamber include a high index of refraction immersion oil so as to enhance the optical resolution and optical coupling therethrough. The imaging light source generates light which passes through the condenser, the flow chamber and then the objective before being focused onto an imaging camera. Fluorescence excitation passes through the objective to the flow chamber where the oil immersion configuration enhances the focus and collection of the light back through the objective.
US07796252B2	Scanning monochromator with direct drive grating A novel scanning monochromator uses a PM stepper-motor to directly drive a diffraction grating. By employing interpolated encoder feedback in combination with the PM stepper-motor feedback, a resolution of over 250,000 pulsed steps is available for each revolution of the PM stepper-motor. This translates into more than 20,000 incremental angular-displacement steps over a usable 30° range of dispersion-element rotation. High field accuracy is achieved by a direct PM stepper-driven diffraction grating, and a unique calibration approach based on Wood's anomalies. A plurality of diffracted light beams emerge from the oscillating grating, and these are scanned past a detector for detection, whereby the relative rotation information of the grating can be detected with great accuracy. A number of tolerance-correcting measures are also included to yield an extremely accurate, self-lubricating scanning monochromator that can be economically produced.
US07796250B2	Electro-optical measuring device An electro-optical measuring device, in particular a hand-held device for contactless distance measurement, has an optical transmission path that includes at least one optical transmitter for transmitting a measurement signal, a reception path with at least one receiving optics for bundling a measurement signal in the direction of a receiver, and an optics carrier, which accommodates components of the transmission and reception path and the is made of plastic.
US07796249B2	Mask haze early detection Detecting haze formation on a mask by obtaining an optical property of the mask and determining progress of the haze formation based on the obtained optical property.
US07796247B2	Tissue oximeter with source and detector sensors A probe for a medical device with source and detector sensors is used to monitor or measure, or both, oxygen saturation levels in a tissue. In various specific implementations, the probe has at least two sources and at least one detector, at least one source and at least two detectors, and at least two sources and at least four detectors. A source of the probe is connected to at least one radiation source, which is external to the probe. A detector of the probe is connected to a photodetector, which is external to the probe.
US07796245B2	Aberration measurement apparatus and aberration measurement method An aberration measurement apparatus measures the aberration of an imaging optical system. The apparatus includes an illumination system, a separation member, and a measurement unit. The illumination system supplies the imaging optical system with measurement light used to measure an aberration of the imaging optical system and background light different from the measurement light. The separation member separates the measurement light and the background light which have passed through the imaging optical system. The measurement unit measures the aberration of the imaging optical system on the basis of the measurement light separated by the separation member.
US07796243B2	Detection and monitoring of changes in mineralized tissues or calcified deposits by optical coherence tomography and Raman spectroscopy Early dental caries detection is carried out by a method that combines optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Raman spectroscopy to provide morphological information and biochemical specificity for detecting and characterizing incipient carious lesions found in extracted human teeth. OCT imaging of tooth samples demonstrated increased light back-scattering intensity at sites of carious lesions as compared to the sound enamel. Raman microspectroscopy and fibre-optic based Raman spectroscopy are used to characterize the caries further by detecting demineralization-induced alterations of enamel crystallite morphology and/or orientation. OCT imaging is useful for screening carious sites and determining lesion depth, with Raman spectroscopy providing biochemical confirmation of caries. The combination is incorporated into a common probe operable without movement to scan the tooth surface and to provide an output for the dentist.
US07796236B2	Substrate for liquid crystal display A substrate for a liquid crystal display that includes at least a transparent substrate and a columnar spacer formed on the transparent substrate. The amount of initial deformation A of the spacer measured by a predetermined measurement method is 0.04 μm or more and the amount of plastic deformation B is 0.7 μm or less.
US07796233B2	Liquid crystal display and manufacturing method thereof A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate having a display area and a peripheral area and including a plurality of pixels formed in the display area, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a plurality of first groups of bead spacers and a plurality of second groups of bead spacers disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first groups of bead spacers have a different size or different elasticity coefficient than the second groups of bead spacers, and include a plurality of bead spacers, respectively.
US07796232B2	Display panel and method of manufacturing the same A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a seal line and an outer spacer. The first substrate includes a display area on which a plurality of thin film transistors are formed, and a peripheral area surrounding the display area. The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The seal line is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate in the peripheral area to confine the liquid crystal between the first and second substrates. The outer spacers are disposed in the peripheral area, and inwardly spaced apart from the seal line by a separation distance thereby preventing liquid crystal from being polluted by particles of an uncured seal line during manufacturing.
US07796230B2	Display apparatus including first and second signal lines connected to data lines on respectively opposite sides of a gate insulating layer within the seal line of the peripheral area and arranged for curing the seal line A display apparatus includes a display substrate, an opposite substrate, a seal line, a driver chip, a gate insulating layer disposed on the display substrate, a first signal line disposed on a first side of the gate insulating layer, and a second signal line disposed on a second side of the gate insulating layer, wherein portions of the first signal line and the second signal line overlap each other along at least a portion of the seal line.
US07796226B2	Liquid crystal display device An absorption axis of a polarizer on a viewer's side is set to an arbitrary direction to cope with problems attributed to polarization sunglasses or the like. Video lines extend in a reference direction as a whole while being bent locally. Assuming a narrow-side angle out of intersection angles between the reference direction and the extension direction of a portion of the video line as θ1, assuming a narrow-side angle out of intersection angles between the reference direction and the extension direction of the linear portions of the first electrode as θ2, assuming a narrow-side angle out of intersection angles between the reference direction and an alignment axis of the second alignment film as θ3, assuming a narrow-side angle out of intersection angles between the reference direction and an absorption axis of the second polarizer as θ4, and in measuring the angles θ1, θ2, η3 and θ4 within a range from −90° to +90° from the reference direction while setting a clockwise direction as a normal direction, all of a sign of the angle θ1, a sign of the angle θ2 and a sign of the angle θ3 are equal in one sub pixel, the angles θ1 of all sub pixels have the same sign, and the formulae (1) 10°≦\|θ1\|≦\|θ3\| and 10°≦\|θ2\|≦θ3\|; (2) 0°≦\|θ3−θ2\|≦20°; (3) 0°≦\|θ1−θ2\|≦2°; (4) 10°≦\|θ3\|≦80°; and (5) 0°≦\|θ3−θ4\|≦2° or 88°≦\|θ3−θ4\|≦92° are satisfied in all sub pixels.
US07796225B2	Method of fabricating array substrate for IPS-mode LCD device has a shorter processing time and low error rate without an increase in fabrication and production costs Provided is an array substrate for an IPS-mode LCD device and method of fabricating the same that prevents a problem referred to as wavy noise. The IPS-mode LCD device and method have a shorter processing time and low error rate without an increase in fabrication and production costs.
US07796217B2	Liquid crystal display panel, method of inspecting the same, and inspection apparatus used for the same A liquid crystal display panel including two substrates combined together through a sealing material applied to a peripheral portion thereof. A liquid crystal is sealed between the substrates, and there is a picture-frame area on the substrates, outside a display area and inside a region where the sealing material is formed. A light-shield film is formed in the picture-frame area in the form of a frame surrounding the display area, wherein the light-shield film does not overlap the sealing material. A first conductive film is formed in the picture-frame area on either of the substrates, outside the light-shield film, in the form of a continuously connected frame surrounding the display area and in the same layer as a pixel electrode formed at each pixel in the display area. A second conductive film is formed on the other of the substrates, facing the first conductive film.
US07796215B2	Double sided liquid crystal display unit and portable electronic apparatus comprising a polarizing element between two liquid crystal display panels A liquid crystal display device includes first and second liquid crystal display panels located back to back. The liquid crystal display device further includes a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel, a light source provided to a side of a rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel, and a polarizing element provided between the first and second liquid crystal display panels. The rear substrate of the first liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light, incident on the rear substrate from the light source and propagating inside the rear substrate, toward the second liquid crystal display panel. The rear substrate of the second liquid crystal display panel includes a light guide layer for directing light toward the first liquid crystal display panel.
US07796214B2	Liquid crystal display having flexible printed circuit sandwiched between liquid crystal panel and light guide plate thereof A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal panel and a backlight module parallel to the liquid crystal panel. The backlight module includes a light guide plate, a light source and a flexible printed circuit. The light guide plate includes a light incident surface. The light source is provided adjacent to the light incident surface of the light guide plate. The flexible printed circuit includes a light source driving end. The light source driving end is electrically connected with the light source. The light source driving end is bent and is sandwiched between the liquid crystal panel and the light guide plate. The light source driving end abuts the light guide plate.
US07796213B2	Liquid crystal display device In a liquid crystal display device using a light emitting diode as a light source, even when a plurality of light emitting elements are provided, an inclined surface is formed on a light guide plate as a reflection surface, and a light is converged in the liquid-crystal-panel direction using the reflection surface. In a liquid crystal display device which includes a backlight for radiating a light toward a liquid crystal panel, LEDs are formed on the light guide plate which is mounted on the backlight as light emitting elements. The plurality of LEDs are arranged along a side surface of the light guide plate, and a first reflection surface and a second reflection surface are formed on a bottom surface of the light guide plate. The second reflection surface is arranged closer to the LEDs than the first reflection surface and an angle of the second reflection surface is set larger than an angle of the first reflection surface.
US07796211B2	Backlight module with frame having elastic member and liquid crystal display device using same An exemplary backlight module (20) includes a light guide plate (250) including a light incident surface (251), a frame (280) accommodating the light guide plate and including a side wall (281), light emitting units (270) adjacent to the light incident surface of the light guide plate, and elastic members (240). The elastic members are detachably engaged with the side wall of the frame. Each elastic member is configured to elastically urge a corresponding light emitting unit such that the light emitting unit abuts the light incident surface of the light guide plate. In other examples, each elastic member elastically urges the side wall of the frame, or elastically urges the light guide plate. A liquid crystal display device using the backlight module is also provided.

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