Sailing vessel self-steering system
阅读：506发布：2021-08-30
专利汇可以提供Sailing vessel self-steering system专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且An automatic steering system for marine vessels in which the main steering function is provided by a wind vane disposed at an adjusted angle with respect to the vessel''s rudder which it controls by maintaining a balance between the wind pressure on the vane and the force on the rudder exerted by the water through which the vessel is moving, and in which a corrective function is provided by electric means controlled by a preset compass heading which is sensed to deliver corrections when the vessel deviates from that heading, such corrections changing said adjusted angle to restore equilibrium at the proper heading; the electronic circuitry including a feature whereby the vessel not only has its heading corrected after a deviation but is also brought back on its original course, and the steering system including alarm limits for alerting the crew to deviations exceeding a preset working range of the system.，下面是Sailing vessel self-steering system专利的具体信息内容。
1. A self-steering system for a sailing vessel having a rudder and having a compass, comprising: a. a wind vane mounted on the vessel to sense and follow the direction of the wind; b. a differential mechanism coupling the wind vane directly with the rudder so that the wind vane and the rudder move so as to balance turning forces acting on the vane and the rudder, said differential mechanism further including adjustment means for selectively adjusting the angular relationship between the rudder and the vane; c. compass sensor means settable to sense deviations of the vessel''s heading from a preset compass heading and operative to deliver error signals representative of the sense and magnitude of such deviations; and d. servo circuitry coupled to said sensor means and to said adjustment means and responsive to said error signals to adjust said mechanism to alter said angular relationship such that the pressure of the wind on the vane will move the rudder to reduce the magnitude of the error signals toward zero.
2. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said mechanism comprises a differential assembly supported on the vessel and having oppositely extending first and second shafts respectively carrying the wind vane and the rudder, and having a third shaft coupled to be positioned by a motor comprising said adjustment means for altering the angular relationship between the first and second shafts.
3. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 2, wherein said sailing vessel has manual steering means coupled to the rudder, and wherein a clutch is interposed in said first shaft for selectively disconnecting and connecting the wind vane with the differential mechanism, and switch means operative with the clutch and connected to said circuitry to maintain said error signal at zero level whenever the clutch is disconnected.
4. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said servo circuitry comprises motor means coupled to said differential mechanism for adjusting said angular relationship and wherein the polarity of said error signals indicates the direction of deviation of the vessel''s heading from an initial course line along said preset compass heading, and said servo circuitry further including a linear amplifier path and an integrating amplifier path both having inputs coupled to receive said error signals and having outputs coupled in parallel to control said motor means, said linear path responding to initial error signals to initiate adjustments in said angular relationship for reducing the deviation of the vessel''s heading and said integrating path integrating said error signals and providing an output based on the integrated level to continue said adjustments in the same direction to cause the heading of the vessel to pass through said preset compass heading to the other side thereof, thereby reversing the polarity of the error signal to said linear path and gradually returning the vessel toward said initial course.
5. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 1, including alarm means coupled to respond to the position of the wind vane relative to the vessel''s heading and operative to initiate an alarm when the vane occupies an angular position outside of preset limits.
6. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 1, wherein saiD mechanism includes oppositely extending first and second differentially related shafts respectively carrying the wind vane and the rudder, an alarm assembly including cam means rotatable with the first shaft whose angular position represents the position of the wind vane and including switch means adjustable about the first shaft for positioning with respect to the vessel''s head, alarm means coupled to be actuated when the cam means closes the switch means, and delay means interposed between the switch means and the alarm means.
7. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 6, wherein said switch means comprise multiple switches coupled to said alarm means and each mounted on a separate support ring which is rotatably positionable with respect to the vessel''s head, the rings being stacked about the first shaft, and clamp means for maintaining the rings in adjusted positions.
8. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 7, including four rings supporting four switches including a first pair having port and starboard switches facing forward of the vessel''s beam to sense wind directions too close to the vessel''s heading and including a second pair having port and starboard switches facing aft of the vessel''s beam to sense wind directions aft of directions for which the vessel''s sails are trimmed, the alarm means including a ''''pinch'''' alarm connected to said first pair of switches and a ''''trim'''' alarm connected to said second pair of switches.
9. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said sailing vessel compass has a compass card with opposed transparent and opaque sectors with a line of demarcation therebetween, two pulsed light sources on one side of the card and positioned to pass light through the transparent sector, means for collecting light on the other side of the card, frame menas rotatable about the center of the card for selecting a desired compass heading and the frame means supporting the sources in annularly spaced relationship with respect to the transparent sector such that when the vessel is on the desired heading the light from both sources will fall equally on opposite sides of said line of demarcation, and circuit means operative to alternately pulse said sources during equal intervals and operative to detect the level of collected light from each source and opposingly combine the detected levels to provide said error signal.
10. A self-steering system as set forth in claim 9, wherein said light collecting means is also supported on the frame and has two light channels respectively opposite said light sources, the annular extents of said channels being equal and the channels being so located with respect to the card that when the line of demarcation is not centered through both channels, the relative variation of light collected in the channels is modulated in proportion to the deviation from centered position.
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