Device for aircraft trajectory guidance
阅读：809发布：2021-03-07
专利汇可以提供Device for aircraft trajectory guidance专利检索，专利查询，专利分析的服务。并且When approaching an airport at which there is a localizer and glide path transmitter, a localizer and glide path receiver supplies azimuth angle signals and elevation angle signals, and a distance measurement equipment identifying the position of an aircraft in polar coordinates. These signals are supplied to an aircraft trajectory computer which issues command signals for directing the flight of the aircraft to the airport along a path, at least portions of which are curved and not radial to the localizer and glide path transmitter. The apparatus produces a signal indicative of the deviation, in terms of lateral travel, of the aircraft from the commanded flight path.，下面是Device for aircraft trajectory guidance专利的具体信息内容。
1. In an apparatus for use in determining a desired flight path for an aircraft by using a radio beam between transmitter means at a predetermined location and a receiver on the aircraft, which receiver supplies actual signals indicative of the slant distance and of at least one angle of the aircraft from said transmitter means, said apparatus including trajectory computer means connected to said receiver to receive said slant distance signal and in response thereto to generate command signals establishing a flight path for the aircraft, which flight path includes portions which are not radial to the transmitter means, the improvement wherein said trajectory computer means comprises: function generator means to supply, in response to said slant distance signal, a command angle signal indicative of the value of said one angle were the aircraft on a desired trajectory at said slant distance, means for comparing said command angle signal to said actual angle signal to produce an angle deviation signal for use in keeping the aircraft substantially on said desired trajectory, a second function generator means connected to receive said slant distance signals and in response thereto to supply an output signal which is a preselected function of the slant distance signal, said preselected function, at least in a range of small slant distances, increasing with increasing slant distance, and multiplying means connected to said comparing means and to said second function generator to produce a command signal as the product of the angle deviation signal and said output signal.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said preselected function of slant distance is a continuous function proportional to slant distance in a range of small slant distances, constant in a median range and again proportional to slant distance, with a reduced constant of proportionality, in a range of large slant distances.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said function generator means includes function generating means for supplying an output signal depending on said slant distance signal in accordance with a continuous function composed of at least two linear functions of said slant distance signal, each of said linear functions prevailing in an associated range of slant distance, whereby the thus determined flight path is composed of portions of parabolas, said function generator means employing said output signal in producing said command angle signal.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said function generator means includes a time element connected in series with the output from said function generating means, said time element having a transfer function of
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said function generator means comprises: means for supplying a first adjustable signal, variable attenuator means connected to receive said slant distance signal, a first unit-gain summing amplifier having an input and an output, means connecting said amplifier input to said variable attenuator means and said means for supplying saiD first adjustable signal, a second unit-gain summing amplifier having an input and an output, means for supplying a second adjustable signal connected to said second unit-gain summing amplifier, means connecting the input of said second amplifier to the output of the first amplifier, means including a first controlled electronic switch means connecting the input of the second amplifier to said variable attenuator means and to said means for supplying said second adjustable signal, a second variable attenuator means connected to receive the slant distance signal, means for supplying a third adjustable signal, a third summing amplifier having an input and an output, means including second controlled electronic switch means connecting the input of the third amplifier to the output of the second amplifier, means including third controlled electronic switch means connecting the input of the third amplifier with said second variable attenuator means and to said means for supplying said third adjustable signal, means for supplying a first adjustable reference distance signal, first comparator means having an input and an output, means connecting said comparator input to receive said slant distance signal and to said means for supplying said reference distance signal, means connecting said comparator output to said first switch means, second comparator means having an input and an output, means for supplying a second adjustable reference signal, means connecting the input of the second comparator means to receive the slant distance signal and to said means for supplying the second adjustable reference signal, and means connecting the second comparator means and the second and third controlled electronic switch means for controlling the latter so that one is open while the other is closed and vice versa.
6. In an apparatus for use in determining a desired flight path for an aircraft by using radio beam between the aircraft and a first transmitter means at a predetermined first location along a runway and between a second transmitter means at a predetermined second location along said runway, said apparatus including a receiver which supplies, from the radio beam from said first transmitter means, a signal indicative of the azimuth angle of the aircraft as viewed from said first location and a signal indicative of the slant distance from said first location, and, from the radio beam from said second transmitter, a signal indicative of the elevation angle of the aircraft as viewed from said second location, the improvement wherein said apparatus includes a trajectory computer comprising: a. first function generator means connected to said receiver to receive said slant distance signal and in response thereto to supply a command azimuth angle signal indicative of the value of said azimuth angle, under which the aircraft would be viewed from said first location if it were at said slant distance from said first location on said desired flight path, b. means connected to said function generator means and said receiver for comparing said command azimuth angle signal to said actual azimuth angle signal from said apparatus to produce an azimuth angle deviation signal, c. second function generator means connected to said receiver to receive said slant distance signal and in response thereto to supply a first output signal which is a first preselected function of said slant distance signal, said function at least in a range of small slant distances, increasing with increasing slant distance signal, d. first multiplying means connected to said azimuth comparing means and to said second function generator to produce an azimuth output signal indicative of the product of said azimuth angle deviation and said first preselected function for guiding the aircraft laterally along said desired flight path, e. difference forming means connected to said receiver for forming a difference signal from said slant distance signal and a signal indicative of the distance between said first aNd second locations, said difference signal being approximately indicative of the slant distance of the aircraft from said second location, f. third function generator means connected to said difference forming means to receive said difference signal and in response thereto to supply a command elevation angle signal indicative of the value of said elevation angle, under which the aircraft would be viewed from said first location, if it were at said slant distance from said second location on the desired flight path, g. means connected to said receiver and said third function generator means for comparing said command elevation angle signal to said actual elevation angle signal from said receiver to produce an elevation angle deviation signal, h. fourth function generator means connected to said difference forming means to receive said difference signal and in response thereto to supply a second output signal which is a second preselected function of said difference signal, the latter function, at least in a range of small difference signals, increasing with increasing difference signals, and i. second multiplying means connected to said elevation angle comparing means and to said fourth function generator means to produce an elevation output signal indicative of the product of said elevation angle deviation and said second preselected function for guiding the aircraft vertically along said desired flight path.
7. In an apparatus for use in determining a desired flight path for an aircraft by using a radio beam between transmitter means at a predetermined location and a receiver on the aircraft, which receiver supplies actual signals indicative of the slant distance and of at least one angle of the aircraft from said transmitter means, said apparatus including trajectory computer means connected to said receiver to receive said slant distance signal and in response thereto to generate command signals establishing a flight path for the aircraft, which flight path includes portions which are not radial to the transmitter means, the improvement wherein said trajectory computer means comprises: function generator means to which said slant distance signal is applied and which supplies a command signal analogue to a co-ordinate of said desired flight path associated with the slant distance corresponding to said slant distance signal, and means for deriving, at least in a predetermined range of slant distances, from said slant distance signal and said angle signal and said command signal, a deviation signal indicative of the deviation, in terms of transverse travel, of the aircraft from said desired flight path, said deriving means comprising multiplying means for multiplying angular information by a function of slant distance.
8. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein said co-ordinate is an angle in a predetermined plane at which the aircraft would be viewed from said transmitter means at said associated slant distance from the transmitter means, if it were on said desired flight path.
9. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein said angle is the elevation angle.
10. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein said angle in the azimuth angle.
11. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 8, wherein said command signal is generated by said function generator means in accordance with a function of said slant distance signal, said function having different linear characteristics at three successive ranges and being constant in the median of said ranges.
12. In an apparatus for use in determining a desired flight path for an aircraft by using a radio beam between glide path transmitter means at a predetermined location and a receiver on the aircraft, which receiver supplies actual signals indicative of the slant distance and of the elevation angle of the aircraft from said transmitter means, said apparatus including trajectory computer means connected to said receiver to receive said slant distance signal and in response thereTo to generate command signals establishing a flight path for the aircraft, which flight path includes portions which are not radial to the transmitter means, the improvement wherein said trajectory computer means comprises: function generator means to which said slant distance signal is applied and which supplies a height command signal analogue to the height of said desired flight path associated with the slant distance corresponding to said slant distance signal, multiplying means connected to said receiver to receive both said slant distance signal and said elevation angle signal to supply a radio beam signal indicative of aircraft actual height, and means for deriving, from said height command signal and said actual height signal, a deviation signal indicative of the deviation, in terms of lateral travel, of the aircraft from said desired flight path.
13. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 12: an integrator connected to said multiplying means to receive said radio beam actual height signal, and having an output circuit a barometric altimeter adapted to supply a barometric altitude signal, a summing amplifier having an output and connected to said barometric altimeter and to said integrator output circuit to supply at said output a corrected actual height signal, and means for applying said corrected actual height signal to said integrator in opposition to said radio beam actual height signal, said deriving means being connected to said function generator means and said summing amplifier output to form the difference between said corrected actual height signal and said height command signal.
14. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 13, wherein said integrator output circuit comprises low-pass filter means.
15. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 12, wherein said function generator means comprises: a. multiplying means having two inputs, which are both connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal, and an output, whereby said multiplying means supply a distance-squared signal indicative of the square of slant distance at said output, b. a first adjustable attenuator means connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal and to attenuate it by a first adjustable factor, a second adjustable attenuator means connected to said multiplying means output to receive said distance-squared signal and to attenuate it by a second adjustable factor, and first summing means for adding said attenuated slant distance and distance squared signals to produce a fist output signal, c. a fixed signal source providing a fixed signal d. a third adjustable attenuator means connected to said fixed signal source to receive said fixed signal and to attenuate it by a third adjustable factor, a fourth adjustable attenuator means connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal and to attenuate it by a fourth adjustable factor, and second summing means for adding said attenuated fixed and slant distance signals to produce a second output signal, e. a fifth adjustable attenuator means connected to said fixed signal source to receive said fixed signal and to attenuate it by a fifth adjustable factor, a sixth adjustable attenuator means connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal and to attenuate it by a sixth adjustable factor, a seventh adjustable attenuator means connected to said multiplying means output to receive said distance-squared signal and to attenuate it by a seventh adjustable factor with its polarity reversed, and third summing means for adding said attenuated fixed slant distance and distance squared signals to produce a third output signal, and f. means, connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal and being responsive thereto, for presenting said first, second and third output signals as said height command signal in respective ones of three successive ranges of slant distance.
16. In An apparatus as set forth in claim 15: an eighth adjustable attenuator means connected to said fixed signal source to receive said fixed signal and to attenuate it by an eighth adjustable factor, a nineth adjustable attenuator means connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal and to attenuate it by a nineth adjustable factor, fourth summing means for adding said attenuator fixed and slant distance signals to produce a fourth output signal, and means, connected to said receiver means to receive said slant distance signal and being responsive thereto, for presenting said fourth output signal as said height command signal in a fourth range of large slant distances which is adjacent the range, in which said third output signal distance is presented.
17. In an apparatus as set forth in claim 15, wherein said adjustable factors are selected to make said height command signal a continuous and differentiable function of slant distance.
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