Technical Field The present invention relates to agricultural machineries, and particularly to a cultivator for the processing of the soil and its mounted cultivator means, including its holder, formed as a soil processing implement. Background of the Invention The background of the invention is seen in DE 4202259 (A01B17/00), which shows a plough having double points, the lower one of which is a slender share and the other one, which is separately mounted above the lower share, is formed as a heart share, which thereby is wider to loosen up the soil further. However, the working depth of these double points is defined by the depth assumed by the front point. Prior art in this field is also seen in US 4,050,521, which shows a plough provided with a trailing cultivator point, which is rotatably suspended on the plough stand in such a way that a counterweight lifts up the cultivator point when the plough is lifted up. When the plough is brought down, a heel acts on the cultivator point so that the same is lowered against the action of the counterweight, wherein cultivator point engages the soil. However, this publication essentially shows a plough that turns a ridge, a trailing cultivator point loosening up the soil further. Thus, this publication does not show double cultivator points that both process the soil. The Object of the Invention The object of the present invention is to provide an agricultural machinery having double cultivator means, a front means of which performs a conventional land processing while a rear means provides a deeper processing than the front means. The object is furthermore to provide such a machinery, the cultivator means of which may be mounted in one and the same attachment on a holder of the machinery. The object is furthermore to provide such cultivator means having such an attachment so that the mounting of the means does not depend on each other, i.e., that the means can be replaced and adapted independently of each other. In addition, the object is to provide such an attachment so that both single-shared and invertible double-shared cultivator means can be used. Summary of the Invention By the present invention, as the same is set forth in the independent claim, the above-mentioned objects are met, wherein the mentioned disadvantages have been eliminated. Suitable embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims. An advantage of the invention is to equip a cultivator holder with double cultivator means, each one with a single or double point in order to achieve a greater processing depth. A front means with its point is arranged to process the soil down to a normal working depth. There is also mounted a second rear means with its point behind the front means, which rear means processes the soil down to an increased working depth. In doing so, the following advantages are achieved: Deep loosening can be provided down to a level that a conventional cultivator normally does not reach. Possibly, the invention can contribute to a lower traction force demand than if the corresponding deep loosening would be effected by a single cultivator means. By the present invention, it is also possible to combine different cultivator points in a front and a rear position in order to provide optimum work result and operating economy. Further advantages are attained by the present invention: A common so-called standard tine can be used. The rear means is placed behind and below the front means. In connection with stone release, these so-called tandem means get essentially the same lift height as if a conventional means was equipped with a regular point. Both means including their points can be connected to the same attachment, thereby utilizing the same fastening elements. The front means can be a common cultivator point or a so-called Low Disturbance point. The front means also serves the purpose of protecting the rear holder from wear. The rear means can have a geometry deviating from the front means. The point of the rear means can have a geometry similar to the point of the front means. The rear point can be formed in such a way that it only breaks the soil without mixing it with superjacent layers of soil. The rear point can be formed in order to, in an optimal way, provide draining of the soil. Both the rear and the front means including their points can be invertible. The front and rear means can be formed from different materials in order to optimize the service life of these wear parts. In contrast to the front means, the rear means does not have to be soil seeking. This rear so-called tandem means can be mounted on all cultivator means holders of a cultivator. Said rear cultivator means can be mounted on some of the holders of the cultivator, e.g. the rear row, while the other holders have a common means. This tandem means can also be mounted on some of the holders of the cultivator, while the other holders are not working, e.g., by the same having been raised or dismounted. More specifically, the invention relates to a holder for a cultivator means of an agricultural machinery, the lower end of which holder is provided with a screw joint in a first seat for the mounting of the cultivator means. The holder is furthermore provided with a second seat on the opposite side of the holder in relation to the first seat, to which second seat there is connected a second cultivator means. The second cultivator means has the same working direction as the first cultivator means and is formed and mounted in the second seat in order to be effective at a greater working depth than the first cultivator means. In one embodiment of the invention, the first seat of the holder and the second seat of the holder are situated right opposite each other on opposite sides of the holder. In this embodiment, the first and second cultivator means are connected to the same screw joint. This simplifies and decreases the time for maintenance of the cultivator means. In one embodiment of the invention, the holder is pivotally suspended in a frame of the agricultural machinery for turning movement of the two cultivator means between a working position and a raised position. In one embodiment of the invention, the holder is provided with a shock-absorbing device mounted between the holder and the frame. This shock-absorbing device serves the purpose of decreasing damage to the cultivation means if these strike harder soil substances and stones. In one embodiment of the invention, the shock-absorbing device comprises a hydraulic cylinder and/or a spring and/or a shear pin. The invention furthermore relates to a cultivator means provided with an attachment for the connection to a seat in a holder via a screw joint. The cultivator means is provided with a cultivator body having an extension from said attachment. The cultivator means is furthermore provided with at least one share connected to the end of said cultivator body, the attachment of the cultivator means being formed to be connected to the back side of the holder on the front side of which a first cultivator means is connected to a seat in the holder so that the rear cultivator means assumes a greater working depth than the first cultivator means in the working position of the holder. In one embodiment of the invention, the first cultivator means and the second cultivator means are connected to seats that are placed opposite each other on the holder by one and the same screw joint. This facilitates mounting and dismounting of the front and the rear means upon replacement or service. In one embodiment of the invention, the share of the means is detachably mounted to the lower end of the cultivator body. In such a way, separate shares can be replaced after possible damage and not the entire means. In one embodiment of the invention, the means is provided with two shares oriented 180° to each other in relation to the attachment of the means, the means being invertibly mounted in the attachment for the activation of the oppositely oriented share. The invention relates furthermore to an agricultural machinery arranged to be towed across a ground surface by a traction vehicle, which agricultural machinery comprises a support frame provided with holders that are articulately mounted in the frame and provided with a first and a second cultivator means. The cultivator means are placed at the lower end of the holder so that the first cultivator means is connected to the front side of the holder by means of a screw joint and that a second cultivator means is mounted behind the first cultivator means in a screw joint. In a working position, thereby, the first cultivator means is effective at a first working depth and the second cultivator means effective at another deeper working depth when the holder is lowered. Furthermore, the invention relates to an agricultural machinery having a holder made according to any one of the above-mentioned designs. In addition, the invention relates to an agricultural machinery provided with a second cultivator means made according to any one of the above-mentioned designs. Brief Description of the Drawings Now, the invention will be described in more detail, reference being made in connection with the accompanying drawing figures. The drawing figures show only explanatory sketches intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention. - Figure 1
- shows a perspective view of a part of an agricultural machinery according to the invention.
- Figure 2
- shows a side view of a part of an agricultural machinery according to the invention.
- Figure 3
- shows a side view of a holder according to the invention having a mounted cultivator means of conventional type.
- Figure 4a
- shows a side view of a holder according to the invention having a mounted first cultivator means of conventional type as well as having a second cultivator means according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 4b
- shows a side view of the first embodiment of the second cultivator means.
- Figure 4c
- shows a front view of the first embodiment of the second cultivator means.
- Figure 5
- shows a side view of the holder according to the invention having a mounted first cultivator means of the so-called Low Disturbance type as well as having a second cultivator means according to the first embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 6a
- shows a side view of a second embodiment of the second cultivator means.
- Figure 6b
- shows a front view of the second embodiment of the second cultivator means.
- Figure 7
- shows a side view of the holder according to the invention having a mounted first cultivator means of the so-called Low Disturbance type as well as having a second cultivator means according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 8
- shows a side view of the holder according to the invention having a mounted second cultivator means according to a fourth embodiment.
Description of the Invention Figure 1 shows a part of an agricultural machinery 1 of cultivator type comprising a frame 2 having first and second frame parts 2a, 2b, which second frame parts 2b are raiseable around pivot shafts 3, 4 in relation to the first frame part 2a for transportation. On the frame parts 2a, 2b, holder attachments 5, often called tine attachments, are attached, in which holders 6, often called tines, are turnably mounted around a respective holder shaft 7. The figure shows the holders 6 in a stroke-released, raised position, which means an inactive position of the front and rear cultivator means 8, 9 mounted on the lower ends of the holders. At a working depth adjustment of the cultivator means, the entire frame 2 is lifted/brought down, all cultivator means of the non-stroke-released holders being brought to a suitable working level in relation to the ground surface. Thus, the working depth adjustment of the cultivator means is carried out by raising/bringing down of the entire frame 2. Figure 2 shows an explanatory sketch from the side of a part of the agricultural machinery 1 with the frame 2 thereof in a lowered position wherein one of the holders 6' thereof for the cultivator means 8', 9' is shown in an active non-stroke-released position for the cultivation of the soil layer 21 of a ground surface 20 by the first front cultivator means 8 thereof processing the soil layer down to a first working depth X of, e.g., 25 cm, while the second rear cultivator means 9' thereof processes the soil layer 21 down to a further working depth Y of, e.g., 10 cm, i.e., processing of the soil layer is carried out down to a total depth of approx. 35 cm. The figure also shows a second holder 6" with the cultivator means 8, 9 thereof in a stroke-released position. The stroke release of the holder is carried out by rotation around the holder shaft 7 placed on the frame 2. For the stroke release of the holder 6', and thereby minimization of damage caused by hard soil fractions, stones or ground-steady obstacles, a shock-absorbing device 23 comprising a hydraulic cylinder is mounted between a holder attachment 24 on the holder and a frame attachment 25 on the frame 2 in the embodiment illustrated. Alternative embodiments of this shock-absorbing device 23 may comprise a damping hydraulic cylinder and/or a spring and/or a shear pin. As is seen in the figure, upon a stroke release, the holder 6" is turned up to a level where the front cultivator means 8" clears from the ground surface 20 and where the rear cultivator means 9" is turned-up to a level that is higher than the level of the front means. Simultaneously, this up-turning of the holder is sufficiently small, approx. maximally 40°, so that the holder should not hit the frame 2 of the agricultural machinery 1, as is seen in Figure 1. Figure 3 shows a holder 6 provided with a screw joint 31 having two through screws 32, 33 secured by each a nut 34, 35. The front cultivator means 8 is mounted in a first seat 36 situated at the lower end 37 of the holder 6, which is opposite the upper end 38 thereof at which the bearing 7' of the holder shaft is situated. On the opposite side of the holder, there is a second seat 39 for the mounting of a second rear cultivator means having the same direction of action as the front cultivator means 8. Said second seat 39 is situated on the other side of the holder, either opposite or above the first seat 36, for the mounting of the rear cultivator means. The screw joint 31 is shown as a screw/nut joint but may also be screws threaded directly into the material of the holder. In the figure, the cultivator means 8 is formed as a means invertible in the seat and provided with two points 40, 41, only the lower 40 one of which is active. Figure 4a shows the holder 6 having a first front cultivator means 8 mounted according to Figure 3. In the figure, a second rear cultivator means 9 is also shown, which is mounted in the second seat 39, situated opposite the first seat 36 for the front cultivator means 8, in one and the same screw joint 31. The working direction of the cultivator means is indicated by the arrow in the figure. Figure 4b shows a first embodiment of the second cultivator means 9, which comprises a cultivator body 42, which on its front side is formed with a cultivation edge 43 that has a shape having the purpose of decreasing the soil flow and thereby decreasing the traction force demand. In the upper end thereof, the cultivator body 42 is furthermore provided with an attachment 44 that is formed to fit in the indicated second seat 39 in Figure 4a. Furthermore, at the lower end 46 thereof, the cultivator body is provided with a point 45 having a plane front profile, which point either may be fixedly connected to or be replaceably connected to the cultivator body by, e.g., a screw joint, not shown. Figure 4c shows the second cultivator means 9 from the front, the slender and plane front profile of the point 45 being seen. The cultivation edge 43 is also shown on the cultivator body 42. The attachment 44 of the cultivator means 9 is provided with through holes 47, 48, through which holes, screws of the screw joint 31, according to Figure 4a, extend. Figure 5 shows again the holder 6 having first and second cultivator means 8, 9 mounted. The figure shows the same configuring of holder and cultivator means as shown in Figure 4a but with the difference that the first cultivator means 8 is formed as an invertible so-called Low Disturbance means, which comprises a first point 51 as well as a second point 52, which are situated in each end of the concavely curved point body 53. The cultivator means 8 is in addition provided with a C-shaped front cutting edge 54 that has a shape having the purpose of decreasing the soil flow and thereby decreasing the traction force demand. Figure 6a shows a side view of a second embodiment of the second cultivator means 9, which is adapted with a similar attachment 44 as shown in Figure 4b, in order to be connected to the holder. This cultivator means is, however, formed with a point 61 that is wider than in the previously shown second cultivator means, said point working to cut off rootlets within a wider furrow and at the similar greater depth as for previously shown second cultivator means. Figure 6b shows a front view of this second embodiment of the cultivator means in Figure 6a. As is seen in the figure, the point 61 of the cultivator means 9 is formed with a considerably wider front profile than the previously shown second cultivator means in Figure 4c. In addition, the same cultivator means is formed with downwardly angled wings 62, 63 in order to increase the loosening of the soil across its wide working range. The angle α between the cultivator body 42 and each wing 62, 63 falls in the interval of 95°< α <120°, preferably 115°. Figure 7 shows the holder 6 having a first cultivator means 8 mounted, such as an invertible Low Disturbance means according to Figure 5 but having a second cultivator means 9 according to a third embodiment mounted on the holder in the seat thereof, but wherein the point 71 of the cultivator means is formed with a principally circular cross-section. Figure 8 shows the same holder 6 as in previous embodiments but wherein the first cultivator means 8 is formed as an invertible means having double points in accordance with what has been shown in Figure 3. However, Figure 8 shows a second cultivator means 9 that is invertibly formed with two points 81, 82 having the same design as the points 40, 41 of the first cultivator means 8. The second cultivator means is furthermore provided with a cultivator body 83, which in one of its ends connects to the second seat 39 of the holder by its attachment 44 and in its other end is attached to the points 81, 82. The extension of the cultivator body diverges from the second seat toward the points. The cultivator body is furthermore provided with a cultivation edge 84 having the similar function as the one shown in Figure 4b. This second cultivation means 9 is connected to the holder 6 via a screw joint 85 in the corresponding way as shown in Figure 4a. However, the screws shown in the figure for fastening of are longer than what has previously been shown. Also the connection of the points to the cultivator body may be formed to be detachable by a screw joint. The seats that are situated on the holder, and that have been described, comprise support surfaces for the cultivator means, in particular the front ones, so that these can be clamped free of play to the holder by the screw joint. In addition, the curvature of the cultivator means to said seats is somewhat flatter than the proper seats to provide said freedom of play upon tightening of the screw joint. The seats may also comprise guide surfaces for the cultivator means so that these are held in their respective vertical positions during operation. |
