V-type torsion bar tillage tines |
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| 申请号 | US3737156D | 申请日 | 1971-10-08 | 公开(公告)号 | US3737156A | 公开(公告)日 | 1973-06-05 |
| 申请人 | SOUTH AFRICAN FARM IMPL; | 发明人 | WARD W; | ||||
| 摘要 | The invention provides a spring assembly and an energy absorbing linkage wherein end constraints on an elongated resilient member are effective to place the elongated member in torsion, such torsion permitting large deflections of the spring or linkage while maintaining a relatively low stress level in the resilient member. The spring assembly can be conveniently made in the form of an energy linkage unit, such a unit being suitable for building planar or lattice spring structure, or for use in an installation as a means of alternatively storing and releasing energy. | ||||||
| 权利要求 | 1. A spring assembly consisting of an elongated resilient member, first and second load attachments positioned on the member at spaced locations, the line extending between them defining a longitudinal axis, said first load attachment being adapted to apply a torque load to said resilient member, said second load attachment comprising first, second and third journal elements wherein said first journal element and said second journal element are connected by primary pivot means for pivotal movement relative to each other about a primary axis that is inclined to said longitudinal axis and the second and third journal elements are connected by secondary pivot means for pivotal movement relative to each other about a secondary axis said third journal element being integral with said resilient member. 2. A spring assembly according to claim 1 wherein said secondary axis is arranged perpendicular to said primary axis. 3. A spring assembly according to claim 2 wherein said secondary axis intersects the primary and longitudinal axes at their junction. 4. A spring assembLy according to claim 1 wherein said first load attachment is adapted to apply linear loads to said resilient member. 5. A spring assembly according to claim 1 wherein said first load attachment is adapted to apply bending loads to said resilient member. 6. A spring assembly according to claim 1 wherein said first load attachment is similar to said second load attachment. 7. A spring assembly according to claim 1 having means for varying the spring rate thereof comprising a carrier for said first journal element movable to vary the angle between said longitudinal axis and said primary axis. 8. An energy absorbing spring assembly according to claim 1 and comprising two resilient members wherein the first load attachment is common to both resilient members and transmits equilibrating torque from one resilient member to the other and said first journal element is common to both assemblies. 9. A spring assembly according to claim 8 wherein said resilient members are spaced from each other in the direction of the secondary axis and said first load attachment is attached to each said resilient members and transmits equilibrating torque in bending. 10. A spring assembly according to claim 8 having means for varying the spring rate of the unit comprising carrier means for both said first journal elements movable to vary the angles between said longitudinal axes and said primary axes. 11. A spring assembly according to claim 10 wherein said carrier means is constituted by fourth journal elements which are connected to said first journal elements by tertiary pivot means defining respective carrier axes. 12. A spring assembly according to claim 11 wherein said fourth journal elements are movable by remote power means. 13. A spring assembly according to claim 8 having means for holding said resilient members in a preloaded state. 14. A spring assembly according to claim 13 wherein said preloaded state is a torsional deflection of the resilient members and said means for holding said resilient members is a stop which prevents their rotation. 15. A spring assembly according to claim 14 wherein said resilient member is given a pretwist of up to 90* about its longitudinal axis and between the secondary axis and the first load attachment. 16. A spring assembly according to claim 14 wherein said first journal elements are mounted in a rotary block capable of rotation in a housing to impart said torsional deflection. 17. A spring assembly according to claim 15 which includes a plurality of units wherein all of said units have a common first load attachment. 18. A spring assembly according to claim 17 wherein all of said units have a common primary axis. 19. A spring assembly according to claim 17 wherein at least two of said units have separate primary pivot means defining separate primary axes. 20. A spring assembly incorporating a plurality of units according to claim 11 wherein each unit is end-connected to another unit. 21. A spring assembly according to claim 20 which includes at least four units wherein each unit is connected at one end to another through a common first load attachment and at the other through a common first journal element. 22. A spring assembly according to claim 21 wherein said units all lie in a common plane. 23. A spring assembly according to claim 21 wherein at least six units are arranged in three dimensional form. 24. A spring assembly according to claim 20 which includes at least four units wherein each unit is connected at each of its ends to one other through a load attachment constituted by first, second and third journal elements. 25. A spring assembly according to claim 24 wherein at least four units are arranged to lie substantially in a plane. 26. A spring assembly according to claim 24 wherein at least six units are arranged in three dimensional form. 27. A spring assembly incorporating a unit according to claim 11 wherein the angular displacement of the spring through 90* causes an energy input and a further deflection through 90* causes a release of energy. 28. A spring assembly according to claim 27 wherein a preload equivalent to a predetermined angular displacement of the spring is imposed there being provided a limit stop permitting deflection just in excess of 90* to permit the spring to deflect to this limit and stay against it. 29. A spring assembly incorporating a unit according to claim 8 wherein the resilient member is pretwisted on assembly so that the first 180* of deflection causes an energy input and a further deflection through 180* causes a release of energy. |
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