Sliding breech block mechanism |
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| 申请号 | US3687001D | 申请日 | 1966-05-06 | 公开(公告)号 | US3687001A | 公开(公告)日 | 1972-08-29 |
| 申请人 | NORMAN TREVOR BRINT; | 发明人 | BRINT NORMAN TREVOR; | ||||
| 摘要 | This invention comprises, in a gun, a sliding breech block mechanism wherein the breech block is connected to at least one pivot carried by a rocker member which incorporates a convex rocker segment in hypocyclic engagement with a coacting concave track formed in, or attached to, the gun: means being provided for inducing, on recoil of the gun, hypocyclic motion of each rocker segment relative to its track whereby the consequent movement of the pivot or pivots operates the breech block. | ||||||
| 权利要求 | 1. A breech mechanism for a gun equipped with a sliding breech block, which mechanism incorporates a rocker member; a convex rocker segment incorporated in the rocker member; a pivot carried by the rocker member to which pivot the breech block is connected; a concave track movable with the gun and in hypocyclic engagement with the rocker segment and means for inducing, on recoil of the gun, hypocyclic motion of the rocker segment relative to the track whereby the consequent movement of the pivot operates the breech block. 2. A mechanism as claimed in claim 1 wherein the radius of the track is twice that of the rocker segment and the pivot is located on the pitch circle of the rocker segment whereby, during the hypocyclic motion of the segment, the pivot moves rectilinearly along a diameter of the track. 3. A mechanism as claimed in claim 2 wherein the axis of the track intersects the line of action of the breech block and the pivot is so located on the said pitch circle that it will move along that diameter of the track which is parallel to the said line of action. 4. A mechanism as claimed in claim 1 wherein the axes of the track and rocker segment are perpendicular to the gun axis and to the line of action of the breech block. 5. A mechanism as claimed in claim 1 wherein the rocker segment comprises a part cylindrical surface on the rocker member, which surface is in rolling contact with the track which is also part cylindrical. 6. A mechanism as claimed in claim 1 having a fixed structure relative to which the gun recoils, wherein the means for inducing the hypocyclic motion of the rocker segment comprises an actuating member attached to the fixed structure for engaging the rocker member during recoil of the gun, to open the breech. 7. A mechanism as claimed in claim 6 having means for rendering the actuating member inoperative after the breech block has reached the fully open position whereby further recoil can occur without further movement of the breech block. 8. A mechanism as claimed in claim 7 wherein the actuating member comprises a toggle device consisting of two members hinged together and a spring for urging said members to a toggle locked position in which the two members are in line; the rear end of the device being pivoted to the fixed structure, from which the device extends forwardly in the path traversed by the rocker member on recoil of the gun, the forward end of the toggle device being restrained from lateral movement by engagement in guide channels in the fixed member; said toggle device being engaged by the rocker member during recoil of the gun to open the breech and being so positioned that the breech block, in its fully open position, engages the hinge to break the toggle lock whereafter further recoil of the gun, accompanied by folding of the toggle device, can occur without further movement of the breech block. 9. A mechanism as claimed in claim 1 including a fixed structure relative to which the gun recoils and at least one breech block return spring opposing the opening motion of the breech block and wherein the means for inducing the hypocyclic motion of the rocker segment comprises a spring buffer mounted on the fixed structure in the path traversed by the rocker member on recoil of the gun, the strength of the buffer spring being sufficient to overcome the resistance of the breech block return springs to open the breech, said spring however being compressed after the breech block has reached its limit of travel thereby permitting further recoil without further movement of the breech block. 10. A modification of the mechanism as claimed in claim 1 incorporating a plurality of rocker segments. 11. A gun having a breech ring; a breech block slidably mounted in a breech recess in the breech ring; a pair of breech block return springs urging the breech block toward its closed position; a cradle in which the gun is mounted and relative to which it can recoil on firing; and a sliding breech mechanism comprising a quadrantal concave cylindrical track formed in the breech ring forward of the breech recess and on that side of the gun to which the breech block moves on opening, the axis of said track being perpendicular to the gun axis and to the line of action of the breech block and intersecting the latter; a substantially semi-cylindrical rocker member pivoted to the breech block, its curved surface, whose radius is half that of the track, constituting a rocker segment in hypocyclic engagement with the track; a radially extending lug at each end of the bounding diameter of the segment to one of which lugs the breech block is pivoted, the pivot axis intersecting the circumference of the rocker segment and the line of action of the breech block; and actuating member attached to the cradle in the path traversed by the second lug as the gun recoils to engage said lug to cause the segment to roll forwardly executing hypocyclic motion relative to the track whereby the pivot axis is moved along the diameter of the track to open the breech; a spring latch mounted on the breech ring for engaging the breech block to maintain it open until released by insertion of a new round whereafter the breech block is closed by the action of the return springs. 12. A gun as claimed in claim 11 having a yoke fixed across that end of the breech recess to which the breech block moves on opening; a pair of guide rods extending from said yoke into aligned bores in the breech block; the breech block return springs being located around the guide rods and in compression between the yoke and the breech block. 13. A gun as claimed in claim 11 including a guideway located in the breech ring; a slide, slidable parallel to the gun axis, in said guideway, the slide being pivoted to the second lug of the rocker segment; and a pair of guide rods parallel to the gun axis extending rearward from the forward end of the guideway into aligned bores in the slide; the breech block return springs being located around said guide rods and in compression between the guideway and the slide whereby on release of the breech latch the breech block return springs act upon the slide and hence on the rocker segment which consequently executes hypocyclic motion in the reverse direction to close the breech. 14. A gun as claimed in claim 13 including a spring catch mounted on the guideway for engaging the slide to prevent premature opening of the breech due to inertia of the mechanism, on recoil, before the gas pressure in the gun has sufficiently reduced; and a cam surface on the cradle arranged to engage and release said catch after the pressure has sufficiently reduced but before engagement of the rocker segment with the actuating member. 15. A gun as claimed in claim 11 wherein the actuating member is a toggle device comprising a pair of members hinged together and a spring urging the toggle to a locked position in which the two members are in line; said toggle device being pivoted at one end to the cradle and extending forwardly therefrom in the path traversed by the second lug of the rocker segment on recoil of the guN, the forward end of the toggle device being restrained from lateral movement by engagement with guide channels formed in the cradle; the toggle device being positioned so as to be engaged by the breech block at its fully open position to break the toggle lock whereafter further recoil can occur, accompanied by folding of the toggle, without further movement of the breech block. |
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