Heating device

The invention relates to a heating device.

Background

Heating devices, in particular electrical heating devices, are well known in the prior art. One example for a heating device is described in US 2010/0220985 A1. The known devices suffer from a poor degree of efficiency.

Summary

It is an object to provide an improved heating device with increased efficiency.

The object is solved by the heating device according to independent claim 1. Further embodiments are subject matter of dependent claims.

A heating device is disclosed which comprises a housing having an opening and surrounding an interior space. A fan is arranged in proximity to the housing. A heating element is arranged in the housing. A heat distribution element is arranged in the housing and in proximity to the heating element. The heating element is adapted to generate heat. The heat distribution element is adapted to transfer the heat generated by the heating element to air in the interior space. The fan is adapted to provide a flow of air through the interior space of the housing such that the air is heated and the heated air leaves the housing through the opening.

The heat generated by the heating element is transferred to the air via the heat distribution element. By the heat distribution element, a large surface for transporting heat from the heating element to the air can be provided. The hot air is moved with the fan and leaves the heating device via the opening. Thus, the opening can be called an air outlet. By convection of the hot air, an area surrounding the heating device can be heated. In particular, the heating device is suitable for heating a room.

The fan can be a high performance centrifugal fan or an axial fan. The device may comprise several fans.

The opening can be formed in an upper region of the housing, for example at the top of the housing.

The device can be adapted to generated heat such that the air leaving the device has a temperature of 75 °C. The overall capacity of air at this temperature can be 200 m³/h.

The heating element can be an infrared heating element which is adapted to convert electrical energy into infrared radiation. Such infrared heating element is also called infrared heater. Essentially, it is a body with a higher temperature which transfers energy to a body with a lower temperature through electromagnetic radiation (infrared radiation). Depending on the temperature of the emitting body, the wavelength of the peak of the infrared radiation ranges from 780 nm to 1 mm. No contact or medium between the emitting body and the receiving body is needed for the energy transfer. The infrared heater can be operated in vacuum or in a medium, for example in air.

The infrared heating element can be a heat lamp or a quartz heat lamp.

A heat lamp is an incandescent light bulb that is used for the principal purpose of creating heat. The spectrum of black body radiation emitted by the lamp is shifted to produce more infrared light. The heat lamp may include a red filter to minimize the amount of visible light emitted. Further, the heat lamp may include an internal reflector.

A quartz heat lamp (or halogen lamp) is an incandescent lamp filled with highly pressurized halogen gas. The gas may be combined with a small amount of bromine or iodine which causes tungsten atoms to regenerate by lessening the evaporation of the filament. This leads to a much longer life of the halogen lamps. The halogen lamp may be made out of quartz glass which has a higher melting point than standard glass. The quartz heat lamp can be adapted to emit medium wave infrared energy. This makes it effective in systems where rapid heater response is required. A tubular infrared lamp in a quartz bulb may produce infrared radiation with wavelengths of 1.5-8 µm. The enclosed filament operates at around 2500 K, producing more shorter-wavelength radiation than open wire-coil sources. The quartz heat lamp can have a power of up to 600 W. The quartz heat lamp can have a length of up to 400 mm.

The infrared radiation can be confined to the interior space by the housing. In order to improve the confinement, the housing may have a reflective layer on its inner surface. The housing can comprise a metal or a metal alloy. The housing can be made completely from a metal or a metal alloy.

The heat distribution element is heated by absorbing the infrared radiation generated by the infrared heating element.

The heat distribution element can be formed such that it partially surrounds several regions of the interior space adjacent to the heating element. Hereby, a large region of the surface of the heat distribution device can be brought close to the heating element to improve the heat transfer.

In one embodiment, the heat distribution element can be formed with several sheets which are arranged along the heating element, wherein the sheets pairwise encircle an acute angle. In a side view, the sheets of the heat distribution element have a "Lamda" shape (the letter of the Greek alphabet). Alternatively, it can be called a "V" shape (with respect to the Latin alphabet). By adjusting the angle between the sheets and / or the size of the sheets the amount of heat absorbed by the heat distribution device can be determined.

For each sheet of the heat distribution element, a lower side of the sheet can be longer than an upper side of the sheet. This leads to a trapezoid shape of the sheet. Alternatively, for each sheet, a lower side of the sheet is as long as an upper side of the sheet leading to a rectangular shape.

In another embodiment, the heat distribution element may be formed as a plate having several slits. Each slit can be formed with an air guiding element. Two or more rows of slits can be arranged next to each other on the plate. The slits (and air guiding elements) can be arranged in a regular pattern on the plate, e.g. parallel to each other.

The heat distribution element may be formed as a perforated plate having several holes, wherein the perforated plate is essentially as long as the heating element. The perforated plate can be as long as the heating element. The perforated plate can be arranged inside the housing such that a lower end of the plate is arranged on one side of the housing and an upper side of the plate is arranged on another side of the housing, wherein the other side of the housing is opposite to the side of the housing.

In a further embodiment, the heat distribution element may be formed with several perforated plates, wherein the perforated plates pairwise encircle an acute angle. The perforated plates can be essentially (or exactly) as long as the heating element.

By providing any of the above disclosed configurations of the heat distribution device, the surface exposed to infrared radiation can be increased leading to a better transfer of heat. The heat distribution element can be provided with several sub-elements. Each sub-element can have a form as described for the heat distribution element. Two or more sub-elements can be arranged in proximity to the heating element, for example opposite to each other such that the heating element is arranged between two or more the sub-elements.

The heating device may comprise several heating elements which are arranged in the housing, wherein at least one heat distribution element is arranged in proximity of the heating elements. In addition, the heat distribution element can be formed with several sub-elements as described above. Each heating element can be surrounded by sub-elements of the heat distribution element.

The heat distribution element, its sheets and / or its sub-elements, if applicable, can be perforated such that several holes are formed in the heat distribution element. The holes can be arranged in a regular pattern. The holes in the heat distribution element can form a free space which is between 30 % and 35 %, for example 32 %, of the surface area of the heat distribution element.

The heat distribution element can comprise a metal or metal alloy. It can be made from a metal or metal alloy. Suitable materials for the heat distribution element are steel, copper and aluminum or a combination thereof.

The housing may comprise a further opening as an air inlet. The further opening may be formed at a lower portion of the housing, for example at a bottom side of the housing. The fan can be arranged below the housing. A duct of the fan can be smaller than the further opening of the housing. This allows an additional suction of air into the housing due to the Bernoulli Effect.

The housing and the fan can be surrounded by a further housing which can be called a shell. The housing and / or the shell can be formed in a cylindrical shape or a round/spherical ("organic") shape.

The heating device can further comprise a control circuit. The control circuit can be adapted to control the speed of the fan and / or the power of the heating element, in particular the power of the infrared radiation. The heating device can be formed with a connection for connecting the device with a power supply. The control circuit can be configured to provide a sequence of control signals to control the time and / or duration for turning on the fan(s) and / or the heating element(s). The control circuit can be formed as a thermostat or as a circuit board having a processor and memory. The control circuit can be configured to connect with a router, for example by a wired or wireless connection, so the heater can be monitored and / or programmed by a smartphone application. Moreover, the control circuit can be integrated with sensors outside a house so that each heater can adapt its mode of operation according to the actual and / or predicted weather conditions.

Detailed description of exemplary embodiments

Exemplary embodiments are further described with reference to figures of a drawing.

Fig. 1

shows an explosive view of a first embodiment of a heating device.

Fig. 2

shows another perspective of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

shows a cross section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4

shows an explosive view of a second embodiment of a heating device.

Fig. 5

shows another perspective of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6

shows a cross section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 7

shows an explosive view of a third embodiment of a heating device.

Fig. 8

shows another perspective of the embodiment shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9

shows a cross section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 10

shows an explosive view of a fourth embodiment of a heating device.

Fig. 11

shows another perspective of the embodiment shown in Fig. 10.

Fig. 12

shows a cross section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 10.

Fig. 13

shows another embodiment of the heat distribution element.

Fig. 14

shows still another embodiment of the heat distribution element.

Fig. 15

shows a further embodiment of the heat distribution element.

In the figures, like reference signs are used for like components.

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a heating device. A housing is formed by a first housing element 1 and a second housing element 2. In the housing, heating elements 3 are arranged, for example quartz lamps. Above and below the heating elements 3, heat distribution elements 4 are arranged. Sheets 5, 6 of the heat distribution element 4 encircle an acute angle. A lower side 21 of the heat distribution element is as long as an upper side 22. Alternatively, the lower side 21 can be longer than the upper side 22. The cross section of the heat distribution element 4 resembles the Greek capital letter "Lambda" (A).

Below the housing, an axial fan 7 is arranged. The fan 7 drives air through the interior of the housing. The air enters the housing through a lower opening in the bottom side of the housing. By moving upwards inside the housing, the air is in contact with the heating elements 3 and the heat distribution element 4. The warm air leaves the housing through an opening at the upper side.

The air enters the housing from below. It moves to the lower side 21 of the heat distribution element 4. Here, the air slows down because the moving area widens. By slowing down the air, the heat distribution element 4 is more efficient in conducting heat from the heating element to the air. The air passes the heating element 3 and leaves the heat distribution element 4 through the upper side 22. The heat distribution element 4 can be perforated.

Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the heating device. Below the housing a centrifugal fan 8 with a duct 9 is arranged. The other components are identical to the embodiment of Fig. 1.

A third embodiment is shown in Fig. 7. The heat distribution element 10 is formed as a plate having several slits 20. Each slit 20 is formed with an air guiding element 11. The slits 20 are arranged in a regular pattern, in particular the slits are arranged parallel to each other.

Fig. 10 shows a fourth embodiment of the heating device with plate-like heat distribution elements 10 and a centrifugal fan 8.

Fig. 13 shows another embodiment of a heat distribution element 30. The heat distribution element 30 is enclosed on two sides by corrugated plates 31, 32. The corrugated plates 31, 32 allow to steer the air more efficiently inside the housing (not shown). Further, a heating element 34 and a fan 33 are provided.

The heat distribution element 40 shown in Fig. 14 is formed as perforated plate with a length essentially as long as the length of the heating element 3. The perforated plate 40 is arranged slanted in the housing, namely between the first housing element 1 and the second housing element 2.

In Fig. 15, a further heat distribution element 50 is shown. In this embodiment, the heat distribution element 50 is formed by several perforated plates which pairwise encircle an acute angle.

All features disclosed in the specification, the claims and the figures can be relevant either alone or in any particular combination with each other.