Power plant for various vehicles |
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| 申请号 | US23739572 | 申请日 | 1972-03-23 | 公开(公告)号 | US3828555A | 公开(公告)日 | 1974-08-13 |
| 申请人 | GIROS J; CAPDEVIELLE M; | 发明人 | CAPDEVIELLE P; | ||||
| 摘要 | In this power plant for self-propelled vehicles two pipelines are inserted between a high-pressure tank and a low-pressure tank containing hydraulic fluid. A hydraulic motor is inserted in the first pipe line and is adapted to actuate the driving shaft of the vehicle through a freewheel coupling. A motor-pump unit is inserted in the other pipe line. This motor-pump unit has a relatively low-rated power output and is continuously operating at the same speed. This invention is advantageously applicable to automotive vehicles intended for service requiring frequent stops. | ||||||
| 权利要求 | 1. Power plant for vehicles having a driving shaft, specially for motor vehicles being frequently stopped, comprising at least two tanks for hydraulic fluid, respectively a first high-pressure tank and a second lowpressure tank, at least one first pipe line and one second pipe line inserted between said tanks, at least one control valve adapted to be actuated by the driver of the vehicle and inserted in said first pipe line, at least one hydraulic motor of the positive displacement type, said hydraulic motor having an output shaft, and being inserted in said first pipe line between said control valve and said lowpressure tank, a freewheel coupling inserted between said output shaft of said hydraulic motor and said driving shaft of the vehicle, and at least one motor-pump unit inserted in said second pipe line, said motor-pump having a power rating eQual to one fraction of the maximum power output of said hydraulic motor, and being arranged for constantly running at a strictly constant speed, even when the vehicle is temporarily stopped. 2. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein said hydraulic motor comprises a plurality of stages adapted to produce stepped torques, a distributor arranged for connecting a selected number of said stages to said first pipe line under the control of the driver of the vehicle, and a same plurality of separate freewheel couplings respectively inserted between said motor stages and the output shaft of said hydraulic motor. 3. Power plant as set forth in claim 2, wherein said distributor is of the spool valve type. 4. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein said hydraulic motor comprises a cylinder, an output shaft, mounted eccentrically in said cylinder, transverse partitions dividing the inner space of said cylinder into a plurality of rotor chambers, having each an inlet and an outlet respectively connected to a common input and output for the hydraulic fluid, a same plurality of rotors stacked on said output shaft and respectively disposed in said rotor chambers, and a same plurality of freewheel couplings, respectively inserted between said rotors and said output shaft. 5. Power plant as set forth in claim 4, in which the cylinder wall comprises a channel extending in a direction substantially parallel to said output shaft and intersecting with said rotor chamber inlets, and which further comprises a spool valve distributor, placed under the control of the driver of the vehicle, and consisting essentially of a stem slidably mounted in said channel. 6. Power plant as set forth in claim 4, wherein the rotors of said hydraulic motor have substantially the same diameter and stepped widths, respectively, according to a mathematical progression, means responsive to the accelerator of the vehicle being provided for directly connecting the hydraulic fluid input of said hydraulic motor to the separate inlets of a preselected group of rotor chambers. 7. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, which further comprises means responsive to the pressure in said high-pressure tank for automatically adjusting the output of said motor-pump unit, whereby the motor of said motor-pump unit is kept running at a strictly constant speed. 8. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein said motor-pump unit comprises at least one power chamber, supplied with a driving fluid, one pumping chamber with inlet and outlet valve inserted in said second pipe line, and one twin-body free piston, having one body slidably fitted in said power chamber, and the other body movable in said pumping chamber. 9. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first tightly closed high-pressure tank contains, in its lower part a predetermined volume of hydraulic fluid and, in its upper part, a buffer volume of at least one substance in the gaseous state. 10. Power plant as set forth in claim 9, wherein said buffer gas volume consists essentially of the vapor of a substance in equilibrium with a predetermined amount of the same substance in the liquid state, said substance being selected among a group of substances having respective vapor tensions considerably higher than the low pressure in said second tank. 11. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein said second tank is kept at the atmospheric pressure. 12. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein said hydraulic motor comprises a single stage, and a variable-ratio transmission is inserted between the output shaft of said hydraulic motor and the driving shaft of the vehicle. 13. Power plant as set forth in claim 6, wherein said connecting means comprise independent valves with respective biasing spring means, said valves being inserted between the hydraulic fluid input of said motor and the respective fluid inlets of the rotor chambers, means for controlling said valves, cam means adapted to actuate said valve contrOlling means and being carried by a common rotary member, and means for controlling the rotation of said rotary member from the accelerator of the vehicle. 14. Power plant as set forth in claim 13, wherein each valve is of the differential piston type, and comprises a monitoring valve associated therewith, said monitoring valve being opened by said valve controlling means when said means is actuated by said cam means, whereby one face of the differential piston of the corresponding valve is discharged and said valve is opened. 15. Power plant as set forth in claim 9, wherein said buffer gas volume consists essentially of the vapor of a substance in equilibrium with a predetermined amount of the same substance in the liquid state, means being further provided for maintaining said first high-pressure tank at a constant temperature, whereat said substance has a vapor tension considerably higher than the low pressure in said second tank. 16. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein the input of said motor-pump unit is connected to the input of the hydraulic motor through at least one duct comprising a number of branch pipes adapted to be detachably connected to the bottoms of fluid-tight high-pressure tanks. 17. Power plant as set forth in claim 1, wherein a rotary pump is mechanically coupled to the driving shaft of the vehicle, said rotary pump being connected in parallel to the pump of said motor-pump unit, whereby said rotary pump operates as a brake when said hydraulic motor is cut off from said first pipe line. 18. Power plant as set forth in claim 17, wherein said rotary pump is rigidly coupled to the driving shaft of the vehicle, the inlet and outlet of said rotary pump being connected to one another through a pipe line, in which a valve is inserted, the opening of said valve being controlled by the accelerator of the vehicle whereby said valve is closed only when said accelerator is completely released. 19. Power plant as set forth in claim 17, wherein a disengageable coupling is inserted between the shaft of said rotary pump and the driving shaft of the vehicle, the disengagement control members of said coupling being operatively connected to the accelerator of the vehicle, whereby said coupling is engaged only when said accelerator control member is completely released. 20. Power plant as set forth in claim 17, wherein means responsive to the accelerator of the vehicle are provided for operating said rotary pump when said accelerator control member is completely released, for stopping said rotary pump when said accelerator is slightly actuated and for operating said hydraulic motor only when said accelerator is actuated to a greater extent. |
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