| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US08295379B2 |
System and method for non-uniform bit allocation in the quantization of channel state vectors
A system and method for non-uniform bit allocation in the quantization of channel state vectors is provided. A method for communications node operation includes receiving a bit-allocation profile for use in quantizing channel state information, measuring a communications channel between the communications node and a controller, generating channel state information based on the measurement, computing a bit representation of the channel state information, transmitting the bit representation to the controller, and receiving a transmission from the controller. The computing makes use of quasi-tail-biting trellis decoding, and the computing is based on the bit-allocation policy. The transmission makes use of the channel state information transmitted by the communications node. |
| US08295377B2 |
Digital broadcasting system and data processing method
A transmitting system and method therein are disclosed, by which mobile service data is received and processed. The transmitting system includes an encoder, a signaling encoder, a group formatter, a transmission unit. The encoder encodes mobile data and the signaling encoder encodes signaling information. The group formatter forms data groups having the encoded mobile and signaling information. The data groups have a plurality of data blocks and specific data blocks of the plurality of data blocks include known data sequences. The transmission unit transmit broadcast signal including a parade that includes a collection of data groups having same FEC parameters. And the signaling information includes information identifying the parade and first assigned data group number for the parade to which a first assigned data group belongs. |
| US08295376B2 |
Method of estimating the symbols of a digital signal and receiver for implementing said method
The invention relates to a method of estimating symbols carried by a digital signal that is received by a receiver over a communication channel (5), said symbols being multiplexed or orthogonal frequency sub-carriers. The inventive method comprises the following steps in relation to each symbol carried by the digital signal, consisting in: performing at least two transforms towards the frequency domain (8,9) on a portion of the received signal essentially corresponding to the symbol, said transforms being performed with a determined time lag (10) therebetween: estimating the parameters (r0, r1, . . . , rn, r′0, r′1, . . . , r′n) of the communication channel from pre-determined binary information contained in the digital signal; and estimating the symbol from a combination of the result of each of the transforms performed and the estimated communication channel parameters. |
| US08295375B2 |
Transmitting apparatus and method, and receiving apparatus and method
A method of transmitting data symbols via Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) symbols, that includes forming data symbols into pairs, generating a first pair of modulation symbols for each of the pairs of data symbols, forming a first version of the OFDM symbols by modulating the sub-carriers allocated for carrying the data with the first and second modulation symbols, and modulating the one or more pilot carriers of the first version of the OFDM symbol. The method also includes generating a second pair of modulation symbols for each of the pairs of data symbols, forming a second version of the OFDM symbol by modulating the sub-carriers allocated for carrying the data with the third and fourth modulation symbols, modulating the one or more pilot carriers of the second version of the OFDM symbols and transmitting the first version of the OFDM symbol, and the second version of the OFDM symbol. |
| US08295372B2 |
DRM receiver and demodulation method
A Digitial Radio Mondiale (DRM) receiver and demodulation method includes a programmable downsampler and a programmable N-point Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to recover and demodulate the OFDM symbols in a received DRM-encoded RF signal. The received signal is digitally sampled at a rate operably integer downsampled to achieve a number N samples in the useful portion of the OFDM symbol for input to an N-point FFT, where N equal to a power of two. The downsampling rate and size (N-points) of the FFT depend on the DRM encoding and transmission parameters, notably the robustness mode and spectrum occupancy. This reduces the processing/computational requirements and the design complexity of the DRM receiver. |
| US08295364B2 |
System and method of video data encoding with minimum baseband data transmission
Just-in-time up-conversion utilizes frame tagging, and optionally pixel tagging, to minimize the data bandwidth required to drive a display. According to this approach video is maintained in its native frame rate until needed in the display device, such as for pixel control at the row/column drivers. By way of example, a frame tag comprises a repeat count and direction information upon which display refresh is based. In addition, pixel tagging can be utilized to dynamically configure the up-converter to generate pixel displacements within synthesized intermediate frames, such as based on different pixel layer representations. The data stream can utilize traditional fixed pixel lengths or variable pixel lengths to conserve additional bandwidth. |
| US08295363B2 |
Restoring program information for clips of broadcast programs shared online
To restore context information about a clip that was sampled from a broadcast program, the clip is identified by matching a digital fingerprint of the clip against a database of known digital fingerprints taken from broadcast programs. If the clip can be identified, it is then associated with information about the matching broadcast program. The loss of context data about the clip obtained from a broadcast program is thus remedied, enabling media content available online to be more useable for a variety of purposes, such as media searching, automatic broadcast attribution, and targeting advertisements. |
| US08295357B2 |
Method and apparatus for angular-directed spatial deinterlacer
In one embodiment, an apparatus and method for an angular-directed spatial deinterlacer are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises calculating a cost measure for each of multiple angle candidates for a target pixel block to be deinterlaced in a spatial-only domain, determining a horizontal angle measure for the target pixel block, establishing a global minimum angle from the multiple angle candidates by determining the lowest cost measure from the multiple angle candidates, establishing a local minimum angle from the multiple angle candidates by sifting through the angle candidates in a hierarchical manner, and filtering the global minimum angle and the local minimum angle to create a value for interpolating the target pixel block for deinterlacing. Other embodiments are also described. |
| US08295356B2 |
Method and system for coding mode selection in video compression systems
A method and system are disclosed for selecting a mode to encode video data. The method comprises the steps of (a) transforming a source video frame into a set of coefficients, (b) partitioning said set of coefficients into a plurality of subsets of the coefficients on the basis of probability statistics corresponding to a plurality of encoding modes, wherein each of said subsets is identified for encoding by one of the plurality of encoding modes. The method comprises the further steps of (c) for each of the plurality of subsets of coefficients, computing defined parameters of an associated probability distribution for said subset, and (d) repeating steps (b) and (c) until a predetermined termination condition is satisfied. When this predetermined termination condition is satisfied, the subsets of coefficients, as they exist at that time, are output to a video encoder, which preferably is a Wyner-Ziv encoder. |
| US08295355B2 |
Method and apparatus for encoding and decoding motion vector
Provided are methods and apparatuses for encoding and decoding a motion vector. The method of encoding a motion vector includes: selecting a mode from among a first mode in which information indicating a motion vector predictor of at least one motion vector predictor is encoded and a second mode in which information indicating generation of a motion vector predictor based on pixels included in a previously encoded area adjacent to a current block is encoded; determining a motion vector predictor of the current block according to the selected mode and encoding information about the motion vector predictor of the current block; and encoding a difference vector between a motion vector of the current block and the motion vector predictor of the current block. |
| US08295352B2 |
Process for delivering a video stream over a wireless bidirectional channel between a video encoder and a video decoder
A process for delivering a video stream over a bidirectional wireless channel between a video encoder and a video decoder, is provided. The video frames of the video stream are encoded by determining predictions for defined partitions of the video frames, a prediction being based on at least one reference area of a reference frame of the video stream; one motion vector associated to said reference area; and a weighting factor associated to said reference area. The difference between partition and corresponding predicted partition is done to establish a partition residual, the encoded video stream with partition residual are transmitted to the video decoder to decode predicted partition, decoded partition of the video frame being formed by combination of decoded predicted partition and corresponding partition residual. A transmission error probability of the decoded partition is fed back to the video encoder. |
| US08295350B2 |
Image coding apparatus with segment classification and segmentation-type motion prediction circuit
A segmenting section divides an input image into a plurality of segments. A hierarchizing section determines classes of the respective segments according to a predetermined criterion, and produces a class identification signal indicating the classes of the respective segments. A coding section encodes the segmented image signal into code data while changing the value of a coding control parameter for each of the segments in accordance with the class identification signal. Examples of the coding control parameter are a coding time interval and precision of quantization. |
| US08295340B2 |
Minimum mean square error equaliser with reduced complexity
The present invention relates to the field of communication devices, e.g. wireless communication devices. More particularly, the present invention relates to the field of signal equalization, especially minimum mean square error equalization. The present invention especially relates to an equalizer for a communication device, a method of equalizing one or more received signals and a software program product for carrying out the method. The present invention reduces the size of a look-up table needed for a division operation and, generally, provides for a reduced complexity of the equalizer and receiver. The equalizer for a communication device comprises a filter calculator for determining a channel power value based on one or more channel response values and selecting one of two or more equalizer structures based on said channel power value and based on at least one threshold value for separating the channel power values into at least two ranges; and a filter for equalizing one or more received signals according to the selected equalizer structure. Advantageously, at least one of said equalizer structures corresponds to an, at least approximated, minimum mean square error equalizer structure or to an, at least approximated, suboptimal minimum mean square error equalizer structure. |
| US08295335B2 |
Techniques to control uplink power
Techniques are described that provide uplink power control techniques that can support different uplink multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transmission schemes. A mobile station determines a Signal to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio based on base and offset values transmitted from a base station. The base station can transmit the base and offset values using seven bits total. The mobile station determines an uplink transmitter power level based on the Signal to Interference-plus-Noise Ratio. |
| US08295333B2 |
Method and system for inter-PCB communication utilizing a spatial multi-link repeater
Aspects of a method and system for inter-PCB communication utilizing a spatial multi-link repeater are provided. In this regard, a signal may be transmitted between printed circuit boards via one or more repeaters, wherein the repeaters may frequency shift received signals to generate repeated signals. Each of the repeated signals may be generated by quadrature down-converting said received signal by mixing the received signal with a first LO signal pair, up-converting the down-converted signal by mixing it with a second LO signal pair, and adding or subtracting an in-phase portion and a quadrature-phase portion of the up-converted signal. Each repeated signal may comprise one or more signal components and a phase and/or amplitude of each of the components may be controlled to control a directivity of the repeated signals. The repeater may reside on one of the plurality of printed circuit boards. |
| US08295332B2 |
Channel estimation device and method, demodulation device and method, and fading frequency decision device and method
In this invention, a channel estimation value of data symbols of a data channel is calculated by weighting and averaging pilot symbols in a parallel time multiplexing method. Also, a channel estimation value of data symbols during each data symbol interval is calculated by dividing data symbols in a slot into a plurality of data symbol intervals, selecting pilot symbols suitable for calculation of a channel estimation value of data symbols during each data symbol interval and weighting and averaging that pilot symbols. Also, a fading frequency is detected based on an inner product value of pilot symbols. Weighting factors are changed based on the detected fading frequency. Also, a channel estimation value is calculated by weighting and averaging pilot signals using a plurality of weighting sequences. The calculated channel estimation value is used to demodulate received data. The output data with the highest quality is selected by judging reliability of these plurality of demodulated data. It is also possible to select some weighting sequences based on the result of the reliability judgment of the demodulated data for predetermined period of time. In this case, after the selection, demodulation is performed by using these selected weighting sequences only. |
| US08295331B2 |
Multi-user interference cancellation in a single-carrier radio receiver
A method, apparatus, and radio receiver system for canceling multi-user interference in a single-carrier radio communication system. A front-end receiver such as a RAKE receiver receives a radio signal formatted in a sequence of frames, and outputs a plurality of user signals. An ordering unit determines for a current frame, an order in which to decode and remove the interference contributions of the plurality of user signals. The order may be based on a list of user signals sorted in the order of descending signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), modified by the success or failure of attempts to decode each user signal. A frame calculator determines a coherence time, which is used to calculate the number of subsequent frames in which the user signals are decoded in the determined order. |
| US08295330B2 |
Method and apparatus for communication signal processing based on mixed parametric and non-parametric estimation of impairment correlations
According to the teachings presented herein, a method and apparatus for communication signal processing advantageously use a mix of parametric and non-parametric correlation estimation in communication signal processing. Non-parametric estimation generates an “overall” correlation estimate for a received communication signal, and parametric estimation generates a “component” correlation estimate. The component correlation estimate is removed from the overall correlation estimate to form a partial correlation estimate that is used to process the received communication signal at least initially, such as in a pre-equalization stage. The overall and component correlation estimates are generated as impairment and/or data correlation estimates. |
| US08295329B2 |
Efficient computation of soft scaling factors for linear multi-user detector
A symbol detector converts initial symbol estimates of received symbols to soft estimates for decoding. The symbol detector computes spreading waveform correlations between a spreading waveform for a symbol of interest and spreading waveforms for one or more interfering symbols. Interference rejection terms are computed by scaling the spreading waveform correlations by corresponding signal powers and compensating for noise. A soft scaling factor for the symbol of interest is computed from the interference rejection terms. The soft scaling factors are then applied to the initial symbol estimates to generate the soft estimates. |
| US08295323B2 |
Synchronization for frequency hopping (FH) communication
A method for synchronization of transmitted and received signals in frequency hopping communications systems. A synchronization unit is arranged for synchronization of transmitted and received signals in frequency hopping communication systems and a frequency hopping communication system including a synchronization unit. |
| US08295319B2 |
Ceramic gas laser having an integrated beam shaping waveguide
A laser may comprise a ceramic body defining a chamber therein containing a laser gas. The ceramic body may include a plurality of parallel walls that partially define a first section of the chamber, the first section of the chamber defining a waveguide. The ceramic body may further include a plurality of oblique walls that partially define a second section of the chamber, the second section of the chamber being shaped to modify a transverse profile of a laser beam traveling through the second section of the chamber. The laser may further comprise a plurality of electrodes positioned outside the ceramic body and adjacent to the plurality of parallel walls such that only laser gas within the first section of the chamber is excited when an excitation signal is applied to the plurality of electrodes. |
| US08295318B2 |
Vertical cavity surface emitting laser, vertical-cavity-surface-emitting-laser device, optical transmission apparatus, and information processing apparatus
A vertical cavity surface emitting laser including a substrate, a first semiconductor multilayer film reflector formed on the substrate, an active region formed on the first semiconductor multilayer film reflector, a second semiconductor multilayer film reflector formed on the active region, an electrode formed on the second semiconductor multilayer film reflector, a light absorption layer, and a light transmission layer. In the electrode, a light emitting aperture is formed. The light absorption layer is formed in a peripheral region of the light emitting aperture, and absorbs emitted light. The light transmission layer is composed of a material which the emitted light can pass through, and formed in a central region of the light emitting aperture. Thicknesses of the light absorption layer and the light transmission layer are selected so that phases of light from the light absorption layer and from the light transmission layer are adjusted. |
| US08295313B2 |
Video instant messaging system and method thereof
A video instant messaging method includes: picking up information in front of a display panel from different directions to capture a number of facial images; extracting a number of groups of characteristic vectors from the facial images respectively; measuring a number of degrees of similarity each associated with a extracted characteristic vector using a group of reference characteristic vector; calculating a number of total degrees of similarity each associated with a facial image using the measured degrees of similarity; and transmitting the facial image having the highest total degree of similarity. |
| US08295310B2 |
Inter-packet gap network clock synchronization
A network component comprising at least one processor configured to implement a method comprising adding a clock synchronization data to a data stream comprising a plurality of Ethernet packets, wherein the clock synchronization data is located in a gap between two of the Ethernet packets. Also disclosed is a method comprising adding a clock synchronization data to a gap between a plurality of Ethernet packets in a data stream, wherein the clock synchronization data comprises a timestamp, a first bit that indicates whether the clock synchronization data is a request or an acknowledgement, and a second bit that indicates a requested operational mode. |
| US08295308B2 |
Systems and methods of configuring a resource pool as a network end point
A resource pool aggregator is disclosed. The resource pool aggregator facilitates a faster data communication between resource pools. The resource pool aggregator includes a plurality of network interfaces to receive and send data packets. A packet collector module couple of the plurality of network interfaces is included to process and route the data packets. A data store coupled to the packet collector module is provided to store IP addresses of computers in the resource pools. |
| US08295304B1 |
Adaptive multi-service data framing
When a signal-to-noise ratio affecting radio communication becomes sufficiently low, then the data transmission rate is responsively decreased in compensation. The signal-to-noise ratio of the communication link is thereby increased. Data for multiple different services is transmitted in data packets between two radios. By allocating one part, or time slot, of the data packet's payload to one service, and allocating another part, or time slot, of the data packet's payload to another service, communications sessions for multiple services can be maintained concurrently. Services are prioritized relative to each other. In case the signal-to-noise ratio becomes too low, data packet portions that are related to lower-priority services can be omitted from some data packets before those data packets are transmitted. Data remaining in the packet can be sent at a reduced data transmission rate without causing the quality of service for the remaining packets to fall below the minimum required level. |
| US08295302B2 |
Methods and apparatus for ensuring compatibility on a high performance serial bus
A data communications system is disclosed having at least one Legacy cloud coupled to at least one Beta cloud. The system further having at least one BOSS node and at least one border node. A method for ensuring compatibility is disclosed comprising determining when the BOSS node is idle, determining whether the last packet transmitted by any border node was an Alpha format packet if the BOSS node is idle, and unlocking the Legacy cloud if the last packet transmitted by the border node was not an Alpha format packet. |
| US08295300B1 |
Preventing forwarding of multicast packets
Packet switch operating methods and packet switches determine an identifier of an authorized multicast packet service, the multicast packet service being provided from a first device connected to the packet switch, receive a multicast packet comprising the identifier from a different second device connected to the packet switch, determine the multicast packet is unauthorized, and prevent the packet switch from forwarding the unauthorized multicast packet to a third device connected to the packet switch. Other packet switches include a first port, a second port, a third port, and forwarding circuitry connected to the first, second, and third ports. The forwarding circuitry is configured to forward first packets comprising a particular multicast destination address received from the first port to the second and third ports and to prevent second packets comprising the particular multicast destination address received from the second port from being forwarded to the third port. |
| US08295299B2 |
High speed fibre channel switch element
A high-speed Fiber Channel switch element in a Fiber Channel network is provided. The Fiber Channel switch element includes, a rate select module that allows a port in the Fiber Channel switch element to operate at a rate equal to and/or higher than 10 gigabits per second (“G”). The port may operate at 20G, 40G or at a rate greater than 40G. Also, a cut status is provided for cut-through routing between ports operating at different speed. Plural transmit and receive lines are used for port operation at a rate equal to or higher than 10G. |
| US08295298B2 |
Device with ethernet switch function and single ethernet connector
A Local Area Network (LAN) device is provided that includes an integrated switching function and a single network port. More specifically, the single network port of the LAN device may be used to provide communications over two different channels to/from two different external network devices. Thus, the LAN device may be utilized as an intermediary network device in a bus or chain network configuration even though it only comprises a single network port. |
| US08295294B2 |
Dynamic bandwidth allocation
A method for managing bandwidth to a user. A selection of a profile is received from a plurality of profiles. The profile is selected to allocate bandwidth to a user. The selection of the profile for allocating bandwidth to the user through a connection is determined. The bandwidth is allocated to the connection in response to determining the profile provides for a bandwidth reconfiguration. |
| US08295292B2 |
High performance hardware linked list processors
In one embodiment, a reassign command is received for reassigning a first node identified by a first global identifier (GID) from a first context identified by a first context ID (CID) to a second context identified by a second CID, the first and second contexts representing first and second linked lists, respectively. A walk-the-chain (WTC) command having the first GID and the first CID is issued to a first linked list processor. The first linked list processor is configured to access one or more nodes of the first context in an attempt to dequeue the first node from the first context. An enqueue command having the first GID and the second CID is issued to a second linked list processor. The second linked list processor is configured to insert the first node to the second context. The first and second linked list processors are cascaded to form a pipeline. |
| US08295290B2 |
Energy efficient control of data link groups
Where parallel links between network devices are aggregated into link groups to support the transport of associated data streams, the link groups can be managed in an energy efficient manner by defining each link group as consisting of a primary link and one or more secondary links. The primary link in a link group remains enabled at all times but the secondary links are enabled only when needed and are disabled when no longer needed, minimizing power consumption for the secondary links (and the link group). |
| US08295286B2 |
Apparatus and method using hashing for efficiently implementing an IP lookup solution in hardware
Internet Protocol address prefixes are hashed into hash tables allocated memory blocks on demand after collisions occur for both a first hash and a single rehash. The number of memory blocks allocated to each hash table is limited, with additional prefixes handled by an overflow content addressable memory. Each hash table contains only prefixes of a particular length, with different hash tables containing prefixes of different lengths. Only a subset of possible prefix lengths are accommodated by the hash tables, with a remainder of prefixes handled by the content addressable memory or a similar alternate address lookup facility. |
| US08295284B1 |
Dynamic, conditon-based packet redirection
In one embodiment, at a packet-forwarding engine for receiving packet flows and conditionally routing packets in the packet flows to one or more applications, a method includes receiving from a particular one of the applications a request that requests the packet-forwarding engine not to route the particular one of the packet flows to the particular one of the applications and identifies one or more conditions for routing particular ones of the packets in the particular one of the packet flows to the particular one of the applications. The method further includes, receiving a particular packet in the particular one of the packet flows, determining whether one or more of the conditions for routing the particular packet to the particular one of the applications are met, and routing or not routing the particular packet to the particular one of the applications based on the determination. |
| US08295278B2 |
Systems and methods for pseudowire-in-pseudowire to transport pseudowire payload across packet switched networks
The present invention provides systems and methods which create an infrastructure/transport Pseudowire (PW) a priori between two Provider Edge (PE) devices. Accordingly, other PWs can be mapped to this transport PW. In an exemplary application, the transport PW (which is a MS-PW by itself) can start and end between two Switching Provider Edge (S-PE) devices and span across multiple S-PEs in between. In another exemplary application, the transport PW terminates between two Terminating Provider Edge (T-PE) devices spanning across all S-PEs in between. In a further exemplary application, the transport PW can start at a S-PE or T-PE and terminate at a T-PE or S-PE, respectively. The placement of the endpoints of the transport PW (on two PEs) determines the number of intervening S-PEs that benefit from this application. |
| US08295274B2 |
SIP parser/Genesys-SIP parser-to parse SIP telephony events and decrypt the userdata in IP telephony
A tangible computer-readable medium encoded with an executable computer program for retrieving information from an internet protocol network is provided. The internet protocol network includes a plurality of tangible session initiation protocol entities that exchange session initiation protocol events via the internet protocol network, wherein each of the plurality of tangible session initiation protocol entities store exchanged session initiation protocol events. The tangible computer-readable medium includes an accessing code segment that, when executed, accesses the exchanged session initiation protocol events that are stored in one of the tangible session initiation protocol entities. A parsing code segment, when executed, parses the exchanged session initiation protocol events that are stored in the one of the tangible session initiation protocol entities based on a parsing parameter. Thereafter, a reporting code segment, when executed, displays results of the parsing code segment on a display. |
| US08295269B1 |
Technique for informing network of voice traffic
A technique for providing a voice traffic indication in a communication network includes creating a request to set up a communication session in a first network element of the network, the request including a voice traffic indication. The request is then forwarded to a second network element which detects the voice traffic indication in the forwarded request. The second network element then sets up the communication session in response to the request taking into account that voice traffic is to be transferred. The communication channel may include a PDP context. The second network element may be one of an SGSN, a GGSN, or an RNC. The first network element may include an MS. |
| US08295268B2 |
IP device, management server, and network system
An IP device (for example, network cameras 3a, 3b, and 3c) connectable to a router (for example, a router 2) makes a request to the router for assignment of a port number when a predetermined operation is performed, and notifies a management server 6 connected to a wide area network of address data containing an assigned port number when the port number is assigned from the router, wherein address data containing the port number can be registered in the management server 6 on the wide area network, so that, even when access is made from the terminal 4 on the wide area network side with a port number that is locally updated, access is made possible by transmitting address data of the IP device to the terminal 4. |
| US08295266B2 |
Method for adjusting RACH transmission against frequency offset
A method for establishing RACH transmission to prepare against the frequency offset is disclosed. The method reduces the length of the RACH preamble even if the frequency offset exists, allows the RACH preamble to include a repeated structure (also called an iterative structure) or to use a specific sequence with less affect on the frequency offset, so that the Node-B can easily detect the RACH preamble. If different conditions are established in a high-speed UE and a low-speed UE, an amount of system overheads can be reduced as compared to another case in which an overall RACH condition has been prescribed for only the high-speed UE irrespective of the low-speed UE. And, the method determines whether the user equipment (UE) can estimate its speed according to the aforementioned RACH setup condition, and prescribes a detailed RACH access method according to the determined result. |
| US08295265B2 |
Method for handling radio bearer messages during reset and reestablishment in a wireless system
A method of transmitting downlink data after re-establishment of a universal terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) acknowledged mode (AM) radio link control (RLC) entity includes receiving a plurality of RLC service data units (SDUs) from a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer of the UTRAN; dividing the received RLC SDUs into RLC protocol data units (PDUs) and transmitting the RLC PDUs to a user equipment (UE); receiving acknowledgments from the UE for received RLC PDUs; receiving a re-establishment request at a transmitting side of the AM RLC entity from upper layers of the UTRAN; discarding all RLC SDUs that have been fully transmitted to the UE before the re-establishment request is received; and discarding all RLC SDUs that have not been fully transmitted to the UE when the re-establishment request is received. |
| US08295263B1 |
Triggering and transmitting sounding packets for wireless communications
A process for determining when sounding packets are to be triggered and transmitted in a wireless beamforming system is disclosed. In one embodiment, a timer is programmably set to adapt to the operating environment. Whenever the timer elapses, a sounding packet is triggered and the timer resets. In another embodiment, the sounding packet is triggered by comparing measured correlations of channel characteristics against a programmable correlation threshold. If a measured correlation falls below the correlation threshold, this indicates that the channel has undergone a relatively large change. In response, a new sounding packet is triggered to update the beam steering matrix. Otherwise, the previous beam steering matrix is still used. Thereby, sounding packets are expeditiously triggered to keep the beam steering matrix updated with minimal impact to the over-the-air bandwidth. |
| US08295261B2 |
Method for detecting hidden nodes in cognitive radio networks
The invention and method provides a concise model for signaling over control channel of cognitive radio. The model is analyzed and simulated for optimum parameters of wireless network. The optimized network parameters facilitate improvement of channel usage for cognitive wireless network leading to bandwidth efficiency. |
| US08295256B2 |
Private access point beacon signals in wireless networks
This patent application relates to private access point beacon signals in wireless networks. |
| US08295253B2 |
Efficient ACK transmission for uplink semi-persistent scheduling release in LTE
A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided in which an uplink semi-persistent scheduling release is received an HARQ ACK is determined whether to be transmitted in response to the received uplink semi-persistent scheduling release. |
| US08295250B2 |
Code interleaving for a structured code
Communication systems and methods that mitigate false alarms due to Doppler shift are disclosed. Received message data is mapped to orthogonal Walsh codes, interleaved and scrambled with appropriate PN sequence prior to transmission. The transmitted message data is descrambled and deinterleaved upon reception. The energies associated with each of the Walsh code from various antennas and/or signal paths are combined to obtain a total energy for each Walsh code. If the total energy of the Walsh code exceeds a certain threshold it is declared as the received message else an erasure is indicated. As the data is interleaved prior to transmission, any phase ramp introduced due to Doppler is transformed into random phase errors upon deinterleaving at the receiver thereby mitigating false alarms. |
| US08295249B2 |
Block size detection for MPSK signaling
A data transmission includes a sequence of information symbols followed by zero or more non-information symbols, which carry no power. A receiver determines the size of a data block, i.e., the number of information symbols in the transmission, by calculating a series of transition indicators. Each transition indicator represents a likelihood that a particular symbol position corresponds to a transition between the information symbols and non-information symbols of the transmission. |
| US08295243B2 |
Method and apparatus for random access in an orthogonal multiple-access communication system
Techniques for accessing a wireless communication system are described. A user equipment (UE) sends a random access preamble for system access. The random access preamble may include a random identifier (ID), a channel quality indicator (CQI), etc. The UE may randomly select the random ID or may be assigned this random ID. The UE receives a random access response from a base station. The random access response may include control channel resources (e.g., CQI and PC resources), uplink resources, and/or control information (e.g., timing advance and PC correction) for the UE. The random access response may be sent in two parts using two messages. A first message may be sent on a control channel and may include identification information and possibly other information. A second message may be sent on a shared data channel and may include remaining information for the random access response. |
| US08295240B2 |
Discontinuous reception start offset coordinated with semi-persistent scheduling system and method
A user agent comprising a processor enabled to configure the user agent to adjust a discontinuous reception (DRX) start offset when a downlink assignment is one of configured and reconfigured. The DRX start offset is adjusted to satisfy the equation (10*SFNstart time+subframestart time)modulo(Long DRX Cycle)=DRX start offset. |
| US08295238B2 |
Method for transmitting downlink control messages in cellular system
A method for transmitting control messages is disclosed. The method includes grouping a plurality of control messages for at least one user equipment based on at least one criteria of whether or not uplink ACK/NACK channel indexes are allowed to be implicitly used in the control messages, whether or not the user equipment corresponding to the control messages is able to implicitly use the uplink ACK/NACK channel indexes, sizes of Information Elements (IEs) of the control messages, whether or not the control messages are segmented into a predetermined number of subblocks, MCS levels applied to the control messages, sizes of allocated IEs of the control messages after applying the MCS levels, and frequency partitions in which the IEs of the control messages are present, and transmitting the grouped control messages. The control messages included in each of the groups generated by grouping are equal in at said least one criteria. |
| US08295236B2 |
Base station apparatus and communication control method
A base station apparatus capable of communicating with a user equipment terminal using an uplink shared channel, includes a resource allocation unit configured to allocate radio resources according to a first resource allocating scheme for dynamically allocating radio resources and a second resource allocating scheme for periodically allocating radio resources, wherein the resource allocation unit uses the radio resources to be allocated according to the second resource allocating scheme as the radio resources to be allocated according to the first resource allocating scheme, when the base station apparatus receives a signal to release the radio resources to be allocated according to the second allocating scheme. |
| US08295231B2 |
Method of dynamic resource allocations in wireless systems
A method of dynamic resource allocations in wireless network is disclosed. The method provides that a base station in the network allocates resources to users independently of other base stations and without resource planning. Resource allocations are done based at least in part on a local optimization objective and a channel quality indicator from one or more users, and result in efficient resource reuse. |
| US08295228B2 |
Semi-static beamforming method and apparatus thereof
A beamforming method in a base station for a mobile communication system, the communication system comprising at least a cell, the method comprising the steps of: covering at least a portion of the cell with a broadcast beam; assigning a streaming beam for each active mobile station on the portion of the cell, if a number of active mobile station on the portion is smaller than a first threshold, wherein a direction of the beams is adjusted according to a position of the active mobile stations. The method further comprises selecting a group of active mobile stations by obtaining at least two active mobile stations with a closest angular distance of all possible pairs of active mobile stations and assigning a single streaming beam to the group of active mobile station, if the number of active mobile stations is bigger than the first threshold. |
| US08295226B2 |
Radio communication apparatus and method
A disclosed radio communication apparatus includes an intermediate band detecting unit detecting an intermediate band which is a band between a first frequency band and a second frequency band which are allocated to a same mobile communication system or different mobile communication systems, a use status detecting unit detecting an uplink/downlink multiplexing method used in each of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and a determination unit determining, based on the intermediate band and the uplink/downlink multiplexing method, the uplink/downlink multiplexing method usable in the intermediate band and a guard band in which use of frequencies are prevented, the guard band being included in the intermediate band. |
| US08295221B2 |
Wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method
There are provided a wireless transmitting apparatus and a wireless transmission method that enable reduction of transmission delay of a system by enhancing receiving performance achieved during transmission of network-coded data. A decoding section 18 subjects a demodulated signal to error correction decoding and outputs the decoded signal to a buffer 17. The buffer 17 holds a data packet for a given period of time and outputs the packet to an encoding section 12. An encoding control section 11 controls an encoding rate for transmission data and outputs control information to the encoding section 12. In accordance with control information from the encoding control section 11, the encoding section 12 subjects a data packet to error correction encoding and outputs the coded data packet to a coding section 13. The coding section 13 subjects data sequences that pair up with each other to XOR processing and outputs a processing result to a modulation section 14. A wireless transmission section 15 subjects a modulated signal to transmission processing, such as digital-to-analogue conversion, up-conversion, and amplification, and transmits the signal subjected to transmission processing from an antenna 16 through wireless communication. |
| US08295220B2 |
Multicast service
A method including sending a multicast packet to a cluster of recipients; receiving information indicating receiving status relating to the multicast packet from individual members of the cluster of recipients; and initiating intra-cluster retransmission of said multicast packet by sending to the cluster of recipients collective information about the receiving statuses of the members of the cluster of recipients. |
| US08295216B2 |
Broadcast and multicast transmission techniques for powersave devices in wireless networks
Various embodiments are described relating to determining delivery intervals in a wireless network, such as an 802.11 infrastructure network. In an example embodiment, a first negotiated delivery interval for a first wireless node may be negotiated by a transmitting wireless node in a wireless network based on a multicast service setup operation and a Delivery Traffic Indication Map (DTIM) interval. Information may be sent from the transmitting wireless node to the first wireless node based on the first negotiated delivery interval. According to an example embodiment, the first negotiated delivery interval may include an integer multiple number of DTIM intervals. |
| US08295213B2 |
Method, system and apparatus for uplink space transmission of TDD system
A method for uplink transmission based on a time division duplex (TDD) system is provided. In the method, a terminal measures downlink channel state information, estimates the state information of the uplink spatial channel using the channel reciprocity of the TDD system, and selects an uplink spatial pre-coding matrix using the state information of the uplink spatial channel based on a certain criterion, the terminal executes spatial pre-coding using the selected pre-coding matrix, and transmits the data stream to a base station via terminal transmit antennae. A terminal, a base station and a system which are based on the method are also provided. The invention uses the reciprocity of the TDD system channel fully to achieve the maximal channel capacity, thereby optimizes the uplink spatial-transmission. |
| US08295212B2 |
System and method for TDD/TMA with hybrid bypass switch of receiving amplifier
An arrangement of hybrid couplers, selectively removing RF amplifiers from a receiving path from an antenna back to a receiver in response to an event, the event switching impedances of switchable impedances connecting to ports of the hybrid couplers, between a matching impedance and mismatching impedance. The matching and mismatching impedances change coupling characteristics of the hybrid couplers between a normal coupling and a bypass coupling. In the normal coupling the hybrid couplers provide port-to-port coupling placing the RF amplifiers within the receiving path and, in the bypass coupling, the hybrid couplers provide port-to-port coupling bypassing the RF amplifiers. Optionally, transmitted signal power is detected to identify transmit and receiving intervals. During detected transmit intervals, isolation switches isolate the RF amplifiers from the feedback path and, during receiving intervals and, during detected receiving intervals, the isolation switches RF amplifiers into the feedback path to amplify reception signals. Optionally a hybrid coupler switch is placed between the two circulators to increase the isolation in the RX mode reducing feedback to the LNA's. |
| US08295210B2 |
Cell selection in a mobile communication method and radio base station
A mobile communication method according to the present invention includes performing, at a mobile station UE which establishes a first connection in a first cell, a cell selection process at the time of detecting a failure in the first connection and transmitting, from the mobile station UE to a second cell selected in the cell selection process, a connection re-establishment request signal. The method includes determining, at a radio base station that manages the second cell, whether or not to store context information of the mobile station UE in response to the connection re-establishment request signal and acquiring, at the radio base station, the context information of the mobile station UE from a radio base station that manages the first cell, and establishing a second connection in the second cell for the mobile station UE, based on the context information of the mobile station UE. |
| US08295196B2 |
Method for transmitting information packets within an asynchronous wireless communication network and network node implementing it
A source node estimates not only the schedule time offset of the destination node but also the clock drift of the destination node. In this way, the source node may choose very accurately the transmission start time of an information packet to this destination node so that typically only one very short preamble needs to be transmitted. The estimation of time offset and clock drift between two nodes is achieved through tone or more previous transmissions between these two nodes, in particular, information relating to these parameters is transmitted from the destination node to the source node in reply to a preamble transmitted by the source node to the destination node. |
| US08295194B2 |
Wired network connection establishing method and network device for performing the method
A wired network connection establishing method includes the steps of: configuring two network devices to exchange connection capacity information with each other through first and second twisted pair cables of a network cable, the connection capacity information including at least a first connection mode using four of the twisted pair cables, a second connection mode using three of the twisted pair cables, and a third connection mode using two of the twisted pair cables; configuring the two network devices to detect a number of the twisted pair cables in the network cable capable of supporting a normal connection; and configuring the two network devices to determine which one of the first, second, and third connection modes is to be used for establishing a connection based on the number of the twisted pair cables capable of supporting a normal connection. |
| US08295193B2 |
Method for transmitting and receiving feedback information
A method for efficiently transmitting and receiving feedback information is disclosed. A cluster size as a unit for computing the feedback information and a reporting period of the feedback information are not uniformly determined by a base station. Information about a downlink channel status of each user equipment is reported, the cluster size and feedback period for computing and reporting the feedback information are determined using the information about the downlink channel status of each user equipment, and the feedback information is transmitted/received, thereby improving system capability. |
| US08295190B2 |
Radio link protocol enhancements to reduce setup time for data calls
An improved method and system for determining round-trip time (RTT) during a radio link protocol (RLP) wireless communication link. The RTT estimate is negotiated by both sides of the RLP communication link without the need for the 3-way handshake generally required for RLP synchronization. The method includes techniques used by both sides of the RLP communication link to dynamically update and refine their initial, negotiated RTT estimates. |
| US08295189B2 |
Interference detection
A computing device configured for wireless communication may effectively control adaptation to channel conditions. The device may be configured to identify and classify conditions impacting performance of a channel so that appropriate adaptations may be made. Interference may be detected by correlating received signal strength and packet errors. High received signal strength correlated to a high packet error rate may signify presence of a source of interference. Once a source of interference is detected, other criteria may be used to determine the nature of the interference so that an adaptation that is minimally disruptive of applications can be selected. Additionally, channel degradation may be predicted by monitoring trends in error rates, including Forward Error Correction rates, and adaptation may be used before packet error rates exceed an unacceptable level. |
| US08295185B2 |
Addressable outlet for use in wired local area network
An addressable outlet for use as part of local area network based on wiring installed in a building, such as telephone, electrical, cable television, dedicated wiring, and the like. The use of such wiring for data communications networks in addition to the wiring's primary usage creates a need for ways of determining the condition of the network and monitoring this information remotely. Network condition includes such factors as continuity of wiring, connector status, connected devices, topology, signal delays, latencies, and routing patterns. Providing basic processing and addressing capabilities within the outlet permits messaging to and from specific individual outlets, thereby allowing inquiries and reports of the condition of the immediate environment of each outlet. In addition, outlets can be configured with sensors to report on voltage, temperature, and other measurable quantities. |
| US08295183B2 |
Monitoring and influencing the behavior and status of wireless sensor networks
Monitoring the status and behavior in a wireless network is provided. In a wireless network of operational nodes, one or more monitoring nodes are embedded in the network to monitor the status and behavior of the network without unintentionally disturbing the network. The monitoring nodes receive state information from the operational nodes. The operational nodes can be nodes in a wireless sensor network or a broadcast-only distributed wireless network. State information is sent in small state messages during the idle period of the communication frame of the operational node to be received by monitoring nodes. Transmission of state messages in the idle period for monitoring purposes does not disturb communication between operational nodes and can be energy efficient. The monitoring nodes can also intercept communications between operational nodes. Providing feedback to and influencing operational nodes are also provided. |
| US08295180B2 |
Quality of service aware rate throttling of delay tolerant traffic for energy efficient routing
The invention is directed to energy-efficient network processing of delay tolerant data packet traffic. Embodiments of the invention determine if an aggregate of time critical traffic flow rates and minimum rates for meeting QoS requirements of delay tolerant traffic flows exceeds a combined optimal rate of packet processing engines of a network processor. In the affirmative case, embodiments set the processing rate of individual packet processing engines to a minimum rate, such that the cumulative rate of the packet processing engines meets the aggregate rate, and schedule the delay tolerant flows to meet their respective minimum rates. Advantageously, by throttling the processing rate of only delay tolerant traffic, energy consumption of network processors can be reduced while at the same time QoS requirements of the delay tolerant traffic and time critical traffic can be met. |
| US08295179B2 |
Method and system for measuring quality of networking nodes
This method is applied to nodes of networks based on carrier sense measurements and defines as well as determines accurately the values of two quality metrics to characterize respectively the accuracy of a node in carrier sensing and the ability of said node to cope with a given workload of concurrent incoming and outgoing communication traffic. These two quality metrics characterizes the intrinsic losses of a node due to different hardware and software limitations, which generate unexpected traffic losses in the node and make experimentally obtained results not match with those obtained through theoretical models. A testing controlled scenario is provided for allowing to measure the values of the two quality metrics separately, detecting the presence of the maximum value measured for concurrent workload of the node under test in the measurement of the accuracy of said node in carrier sensing. |
| US08295173B2 |
End-to-end considerate link control and routing in a multihop network
By introducing a novel parameter common to all links along the entire multihop route it is possible to more flexibly allocate, for each of a number of the links, a set of three interdependent link transmit parameters representative of link transmit energy, link transmit time or link transmit bandwidth or link code word consumption, and link transmit power. Basically, the common parameter is determined based on a given end-to-end (ETE) transmit parameter constraint for the entire multihop route. The idea is then to assign or allocate, for each considered link, the three interdependent link transmit parameters based on the common parameter and local link characteristics. In this way, all three link transmit parameters may (and generally will) be different between at least two links on the route when the links have different link characteristics, assuming that each link transmit parameter is also dependent on the local link characteristics. Preferably, the common parameter is determined in the process of optimizing a given objective ETE function. |
| US08295157B1 |
Systems and methods for using out-of-band protocols for remote management while in-band communication is not available
In an exemplary embodiment, an out-of-band management stack that is located on a managed node receives at least one management command from an out-of-band management application that is located on an administrative system. A monitoring agent on the managed node obtains the at least one management command. For example, the out-of-band management stack may forward the at least one management command to the monitoring agent. Alternatively, the out-of-band management stack may write the at least one management command to a designated location on the managed node, and the monitoring agent may read the at least one management command from the designated location. In response to obtaining the at least one management command, the monitoring agent processes and carries out the at least one management command. |
| US08295155B2 |
Apparatus and method for allocating code resources to uplink ACK/NACK channels in a cellular wireless communication system
A method and apparatus are provided for allocating code resources to ACK/NACK channel indexes, when UEs need ACK/NACK transmission in a wireless communication system in which a predetermined number of orthogonal cover Walsh codes is selected from among available orthogonal cover Walsh codes, at least one subset is formed, having the selected orthogonal cover Walsh codes arranged in an ascending order of cross interference, subsets are selected for use in first and second slots of a subframe, and the orthogonal cover Walsh codes of the subset selected for each slot and ZC sequence cyclic shift values are allocated to the ACK/NACK channel indexes. |
| US08295146B2 |
Extraction optical system, optical pick-up device and optical disc apparatus
An extraction optical system for use in an optical pick-up device receiving a reflected light from an optical disc having a plurality of recording layers is provided. The extraction optical system extracts from a light in which a signal light component from an access target recording layer of the plurality of recording layers and a stray light component from a recording layer other than the access target recording layer of the plurality of recording layers are mixed, the signal light component from the access target recording layer of the plurality of recording layers. The extraction optical system includes a condensing optical element arranged in an optical path of the light and condensing the light, and a selective optical system to which the light condensed by the condensing optical element is incident and reflecting a light primarily containing the signal light component. |
| US08295145B2 |
Optical pickup device and optical disc apparatus
An optical pickup device divides signal light so as to detect the divided signal light. For example, a photodetector can include a region “A” and another region “B.” Among diffracted light diffracted from a track on an optical disc, only zeroth-order diffraction light enters region “A”, whereas the zeroth-order diffraction light, + first-order diffraction light, and − first-order diffraction light enter region “B”. A focusing error signal from the photodetector is produced based upon a signal detected by the photodetector, whereas a tracking error signal is produced based upon signals detected from the regions “A” and “B.” A stable focusing error signal and a stable tracking error signal can be detected with respect to a dual layer optical disc, or a multi layer optical disc. |
| US08295139B2 |
Method and device for optical recording onto optical disc medium
There is provided an optical recording method for directing a recording pulse train to an optical disc medium to form marks thereon and for recording information as information about the edge positions of said marks and the spaces between marks, the recording pulse train having been created by modulating laser light into plural power levels. The method includes: coding to-be-recorded data into coded data consisting of the combination of marks and spaces; classifying said marks within said coded data on the basis of the mark length and the preceding or succeeding space lengths of the marks; shifting the position of the second pulse edge counted from the end portion of the recording pulse train for forming said marks, depending on the result of said classification, to adjust said recording pulse train; and directing said recording pulse train to the optical disc medium to form said marks thereon. |
| US08295136B2 |
Optical recording device and method
Before new information is recorded on a comparatively deep recording layer in a multilayer optical recording disc, a predetermined target value of a reproduced signal parameter is read from the disc itself or from a separate storage unit, the recorded/unrecorded states of the shallower recording layers are determined, and the target value is corrected on the basis of these states. The correction is based on a predetermined difference in the value of the reproduced signal parameter caused by a difference in the recorded/unrecorded states of the shallower recording layers. The corrected target value is used in calibration of the recording power by means of a test write. This correction of the target value permits reliable recording on a multilayer optical disc without delaying the start of the recording process. |
| US08295135B2 |
Optical disc, optical disc manufacturing method, optical disc recording device and optical disc reproduction device
An optical disc includes a reflective film formed on concave and convex marks after the concave and convex marks are synchronized with the integral multiple of a channel bit length and formed in accordance with modulated main information. Thereafter, continuous or intermittent laser light synchronized with the integral multiple of the channel bit length is irradiated at intervals longer than the longest one of the concave and convex marks in accordance with a spiral track formed in a circumferential direction of the concave and convex marks, whereby an optical characteristic of the reflective film is changed to form a recordable mark and sub-information necessary to reproduce the main information is recorded in a superimposition manner. |
| US08295130B2 |
Child's clock indicator
The invention concerns a child's clock indicator (1) comprising a housing (6) and a dial (7). Time-switch or timepiece elements are mounted in the housing (6) and are connected to a time adjusting indicator (4) which is adjustable with adjusting knobs (5, 8). Waking (2) or sleep (3) designs are activated in waking position or sleep position by the time-switch or timepiece elements and based on the adjustment of the time adjusting indicator. |
| US08295128B2 |
Radio-controlled timepiece
A radio-controlled timepiece includes an antenna receiving a standard radio wave and a plurality of motors driving indicator portions which indicate information. A fourth motor which is driven at a lowest frequency during the standard radio wave reception of the antenna is disposed closer to the antenna than the rest of the motors. |
| US08295126B2 |
Method and apparatus for processing a calendar database for time zone shifting
A system, method and apparatus for processing a calendar database for time zone shifting are provided. The calendar database is processed to determine a first set of event data associated with a first time zone and a second set of event data associated with a second time zone. Time zone calendar view data is produced, the time zone calendar view data enabled to control a display device to produce a time zone calendar view comprising representations of the first set and the second set sorted according to their associated time zones, said representations displayed on a timeline adjacent to one another, with concurrent times in each of the first time zone and second time zone temporally aligned. A display device is controlled, via the time zone calendar view data, to produce the time zone calendar view. |
| US08295120B2 |
Read command triggered synchronization circuitry
A system having a processor, a memory controller coupled to said processor, a plurality of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) chips coupled to said memory controller and at least one of said DRAM chips comprising a clock synchronization circuit to receive a reference clock signal and to output a synchronized clock output signal. The system has a plurality of signal buses coupling the processor to the memory controller and the memory controller to said DRAM chips. The signal line conveys signals from said memory controller to said clock synchronization circuit to turn on and off the clock synchronization circuit according to control logic. A memory READ command triggered clock synchronization mode turns on a clock synchronization circuit only for memory READ operations. The clock synchronization circuit achieves a signal lock with the reference clock signal in less time than the column address strobe latency. Precise memory READ operations are thus possible without wasting power when such operations are not performed by allowing the clock synchronization circuitry to be turned off. |
| US08295117B2 |
Memory power supply circuit
A memory power supply circuit includes a memory module, a micro control unit (MCU), a phase switch circuit, and a multi-phase pulse-width modulation (PWM) controller. The MCU is operable to determine required current to be supplied to the memory module and output corresponding phase switch signals to the phase switch circuit. The PWM controller includes a number of phase pins connected to the phase switch circuit. The phase switch circuit controls enable states of the phase pins of the PWM controller. |
| US08295114B2 |
Semiconductor memory cell array including dummy bit-line and word-line and semiconductor memory device having the same
A semiconductor memory cell array includes a plurality of bit-lines, a plurality of word-lines, a plurality of memory cells, a plurality of dummy memory cells, a plurality of dummy bit-lines, and a plurality of dummy word-lines. The dummy bit-lines are in outer regions of the bit-lines. The dummy word-lines are in outer regions of the word-lines. The dummy bit-lines are maintained in a floating state. The dummy word-lines retain a turn-off voltage. |
| US08295109B2 |
Replacing defective columns of memory cells in response to external addresses
Controllers and memory devices are provided. In an embodiment, a controller is configured to address a non-defective column of memory cells of a memory device in place of a defective column of memory cells of the memory device in response to receiving an address of the defective column of memory cells from the memory device. In another embodiment, a memory device has columns of memory cells and is configured to receive an external address that addresses a non-defective column of memory cells of a sequence of columns of memory cells of the memory device in place of a defective column of memory cells of the sequence of columns of memory cells such that the non-defective column replaces the defective column. The non-defective column is a proximate non-defective column following the defective column in the sequence of columns that is available to replace the defective column. |
| US08295105B2 |
Semiconductor memory device
A Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) includes word lines WL, bit lines BL, address decoders that select one of the word lines WL in response to an address signal AD, a sense amplifier that is activated in response to a sense amplifier enable signal SAE, and a sense amplifier control circuit that generates the sense amplifier enable signal SAE. In this device, the more distant the word line WL is from the sense amplifier, the longer the sense amplifier control circuit sets the delay time of the sense amplifier enable signal SAE so that the more distant the word line WL is from the sense amplifier, the later the sense amplifier is activated. |
| US08295102B2 |
Bitline voltage driver
A method and structure for passing a bitline voltage regardless of its voltage level via a bitline in a memory device is disclosed. In one embodiment, the method includes detecting the bitline voltage of the bitline, feeding a control signal at an activation voltage level to the bitline pass device to maintain a pass voltage differential of the bitline pass device when the bitline is selected and passing the bitline voltage via the bitline pass device in response to the control signal, where the pass voltage differential is greater than a threshold voltage of the bitline pass device regardless of a level of the bitline voltage. |
| US08295101B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device includes a sense amplifier, transistors selectively establishing electrical connection between the sense amplifier and a data bus, depending on address; a write amplifier connected to the data bus, an external terminal outputting data from a memory cell to outside via the sense amplifier, the transistors, and the data bus in a first operation mode and supplying data from outside to the sense amplifier via the write amplifier, the data bus, and the transistors in a second operation mode, and a control circuit supplying an electric potential to gate electrodes of first transistors that establish the electrical connection depending on the address, wherein in a first operation mode, the control circuit supplies a first electric potential to the gate electrodes of the first transistors, so that the first transistors exhibit a first impedance value and in the second operation mode, the control circuit supplies a second electric potential to gate electrodes of the first transistors, so that the first transistors exhibit a second impedance value, an absolute value thereof being lower than that of the first impedance value. |
| US08295099B1 |
Dual port memory with write assist
A data value is read from one port of a dual-port memory cell during a clock cycle. A WRITE assist pulse having a delay from an end-of-read signal is generated. The delay and duration of the WRITE assist pulse are optionally user-selectable. A high voltage (e.g., Vdd) is coupled to the bitlines (e.g., BL-A, BLc-A) of the first port during the WRITE assist pulse, and a low voltage value (e.g., zero) is written to the memory cell through the second port (e.g., BL-B, BLc-B) during the clock cycle. |
| US08295097B2 |
Channel precharge and program methods of a nonvolatile memory device
A channel pre-charge method of a nonvolatile memory device including a cell string includes pre-charging a channel of the cell string according to a first word line bias condition and pre-charging the channel of the cell string according to a second word line bias condition, different than the first word line bias condition. |
| US08295095B2 |
Programming methods for a memory device
Methods for programming, memory devices, and memory systems are disclosed. In one such method for programming, a target memory cell is partially programmed to a final target programmed state where the partial programming is verified by applying a ramped voltage having a first voltage range (e.g., where the first voltage range is selected in response to program coupling effects from memory cells adjacent to the target memory cell.) A programming operation following the partial programming operation is performed on one or more adjacent memory cells which is then followed by additional programming of the target memory cell to adjust the memory cell from the partially programmed state to the final programmed state. A ramped voltage having a second voltage range different from the first voltage range is utilized to verify the programming of the target memory cell to the final programmed state. |
| US08295092B2 |
Non-volatile memory device and memory system
A nonvolatile memory device includes a plurality of memory cells connected to a wordline and arranged in a row direction, bitlines connected to the plurality of memory cells, respectively, and a bitline bias circuit configured to separately control bias voltages provided to the bitlines according to positions of the memory cells along the row direction. |
| US08295090B2 |
Semiconductor memory device capable of reducing chip size
According to one embodiment, a first well of the first conductivity type which is formed in a substrate. a second well of a second conductivity type which is formed in the first well. The plurality of memory cells, the plurality of first bit line select transistors, and the plurality of second bit line select transistors are formed in the second well, and the plurality of first bit line select transistors and the plurality of second bit line select transistors are arranged on a side of the sense amplifier with respect to the plurality of memory cells of the plurality of bit lines. |
| US08295087B2 |
Row-decoder and select gate decoder structures suitable for flashed-based EEPROM operating below +/− 10v BVDS
A nonvolatile memory device includes an array of EEPROM configured nonvolatile memory cells each having a floating gate memory transistor for storing a digital datum and a floating gate select transistor for activating the floating gate memory transistor for reading, programming, and erasing. The nonvolatile memory device has a row decoder to transfer the operational biasing voltage levels to word lines connected to the floating gate memory transistors for reading, programming, verifying, and erasing the selected nonvolatile memory cells. The nonvolatile memory device has a select gate decoder circuit transfers select gate control biasing voltages to the select gate control lines connected to the control gate of the floating gate select transistor for reading, programming, verifying, and erasing the floating gate memory transistor of the selected nonvolatile memory cells. The operational biasing voltage levels are generated to minimize operational disturbances and preventing drain to source breakdown in peripheral devices. |
| US08295086B2 |
Memory array
A memory array is shown, including memory cells with source and drain doped regions, and global bit lines coupled to the doped regions via select transistors. The connections of the select transistors are configured such that the respective loading capacitances of two global bit lines respectively coupled to the source and the drain of a memory cell to be read do not vary with the memory cell to be read. |
| US08295085B2 |
Programming non-volatile memory with high resolution variable initial programming pulse
Multiple programming processes are performed for a plurality of non-volatile storage elements. Each of the programming processes operate to program at least a subset of the non-volatile storage elements to a respective set of target conditions using program pulses. At least a subset of the programming processes include identifying a program pulse associated with achieving a particular result for a respective programming process and performing one or more sensing operations at one or more alternative results for the non-volatile storage elements. Subsequent programming process are adjusted based on a first alternative result and the identification of the program pulse if the one or more sensing operations determined that greater than a predetermined number of non-volatile storage elements achieved the first alternative result. Subsequent programming process are adjusted based on the identification of the program pulse if the one or more sensing operations determined that less than a required number of non-volatile storage elements achieved any of the alternative results. |
| US08295084B2 |
Nonvolatile memory device and related programming method
A method of programming a nonvolatile memory device comprises receiving program data, detecting logic states of the received program data, identifying adjusted margins to be applied to programmed memory cells based on the absence of one or more logic states in the detected logic states, and programming the program data in selected memory cells using the adjusted margins. |
| US08295080B2 |
Solid-state memory device, data processing system, and data processing device
A solid-state memory device includes: a superlattice laminate having plural crystal layers laminated therein, the crystal layers including first and second crystal layers having mutually opposite compositions; a lower electrode provided on a first surface in a laminating direction of the superlattice laminate; and an upper electrode provided on a second surface of the superlattice laminate in the laminating direction. The first crystal layer included in the superlattice laminate is made of a phase change compound. According to the present invention, the superlattice laminate laminated in opposite directions of the upper and lower electrodes is sandwiched between these electrodes. Therefore, when an electric energy is applied to the superlattice laminate via these electrodes, a uniform electric energy can be applied to a laminated surface of the superlattice laminate. Accordingly, fluctuation of a resistance is small even when information is repeatedly rewritten, and data can be read stably as a result. |
| US08295079B2 |
Nonvolatile SRAM/latch circuit using current-induced magnetization reversal MTJ
The present invention is a memory circuit that includes a bistable circuit that stores data; and a ferromagnetic tunnel junction device that nonvolatilely stores the data stored in the bistable circuit according to a magnetization direction of a ferromagnetic electrode free layer, the data nonvolatilely stored in the ferromagnetic tunnel junction device being able to be restored in the bistable circuit. According to the present invention, writing data to and reading data from the bistable circuit can be performed at high speed. In addition, even though a power source is shut down, it is possible to restore data nonvolatilely stored in the ferromagnetic tunnel junction devices to the bistable circuit. |
| US08295072B2 |
Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) utilizing magnetic flip-flop structures
Non-volatile magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices that include magnetic flip-flop structures that include a magnetization controlling structure; a first tunnel barrier structure; and a magnetization controllable structure that includes a first polarizing layer; and a first stabilizing layer, wherein the first tunnel barrier structure is between the magnetization controllable structure and the magnetization controlling structure and the first polarizing layer is between the first stabilizing layer and the first tunnel barrier structure, wherein the magnetic flip-flop device has two stable overall magnetic; configurations a second tunnel barrier structure and a reference layer, wherein the second tunnel barrier structure is between the magnetic flip-flop device and the reference layer. |
| US08295066B2 |
Extensible switching power circuit
An extensible switching power circuit includes a plurality of switching power modules and a plurality of synchronous signal generators. Every two adjacent switching power modules are connected through a synchronous signal generator. The switching power modules generate induction electric potentials. Each synchronous pulse generator measures relevant electric potentials of the previous switching power module connected thereto and generates corresponding synchronous signals sent to the subsequent switching power module connected thereto. The subsequent switching power module regulates the phase of its induction electric potential according to the synchronous signals, such that the induction electric potentials of the two adjacent switching power modules compensate each other's energy gaps. |
| US08295064B2 |
Operation control method of charge pump circuit
A disclosed operation control method of a charge pump circuit for boosting an input voltage to a desired magnitude in the range between the input voltage and twice the input voltage and outputting the boosted voltage. The method includes the steps of (a) during a charging period, charging, with the input voltage, one or more of the capacitors connected in series by selectively turning on one or more of the first switches in accordance with the desired voltage magnitude, turning on the third switch, and selectively turning on the second switch or one of the fourth switches; and (b) during a discharging period, turning off the third switch and the second switch or the fourth switch having been turned on; selectively turning on one or more of the first switches; and turning on one or more fourth and the fifth switches. |
| US08295060B2 |
Mounting apparatus and system for PCI card
A mounting apparatus includes a mounting member and a bracket. The mounting member includes a base piece and a latch piece located on the base piece. The latch piece is configured for securing a riser card. The bracket is configured for securing a PCI card, which is electronically coupled to the riser card. The bracket is secured to the base piece and the latch piece. |
| US08295057B2 |
Semiconductor device
In a semiconductor device such as a high-frequency power amplifier module, a plurality of amplifying means are formed on a semiconductor chip which is mounted on a main surface of a wiring substrate, and electrodes of the semiconductor chip are electrically connected by wires to electrodes of the wiring substrate. In order to make the high-frequency power amplifier module small in size, a substrate-side bonding electrode electrically connected to a wire set at a fixed reference electric potential is place at a location farther from a side of the semiconductor chip than a substrate-side output electrode electrically connected to an output wire. A substrate-side input electrode electrically connected to an input wire is located at a distance from the side of the semiconductor chip about equal to the distance from the side of the semiconductor chip to the substrate-side output electrode, or at a location farther from the side of the semiconductor chip than the substrate-side bonding electrode is. |
| US08295054B2 |
Printed circuit board fastening structure
A printed circuit board fastening structure aims to fasten a printed circuit board which has a first bearing surface abutting and coupling on a casing and a second bearing surface. The first bearing surface is coupled with at least one support member. The support member has at least one leg connecting to the first bearing surface and an end portion formed with a fastening hole. The end portion is adjacent to the casing. A fastening element is provided to run through the casing from another side thereof to couple with the support member, thereby to fasten the printed circuit board to the casing. |
| US08295051B2 |
Computer system with backplane
A computer system includes a chassis, a motherboard, a backplane, riser cards, and disk drives. The chassis includes a bottom wall. The motherboard is secured to and parallel to the bottom wall. The backplane is secured to the bottom wall, and electrically connected to and parallel to the motherboard. The riser cards are electrically and perpendicularly connected to the backplane. The disk drives are electrically connected to the riser cards. |
| US08295045B2 |
Case and electronic device having the same
A case includes a box, a top cover, a first airflow guide member, and a second airflow guide member. The box has an opening sealed by the top cover. The first airflow guide member and the second airflow guide member are fixed on at least one of the top cover and a side plate of the box. The first airflow guide member and the second airflow guide member are spaced from each other, and cooperatively define a guide channel. The box defines an inlet and an outlet communicating with the guide channel. |
| US08295041B2 |
Server cabinet, server system and data center
An exemplary data center includes two server systems arranged back to back. Each server system includes a server cabinet, a rail system, at least two servers and a fan module. The servers are accommodated in the server cabinet. The fan module is located at a rear side of the two servers and perpendicular to the servers to provide a horizontal airflow to cool the servers. The fan module is capable of rolling on the rail system between a rear side and a front side of the server cabinet to interchange between a vertical state and a horizontal state. Assembly or disassembly of the fan module is performed from the front side of the server cabinet where there is a greater amount of workspace. |
| US08295039B2 |
Electronic device
An electronic device includes a main body, and a connecting component. The connecting component comprises at least one interface. The connecting component is capable of rotating with respect to the main body to switch between a first state in which the at least one interface is hidden under the main body and a second state in which the at least one interface exposes out of the main body. |
| US08295034B2 |
Electric power distribution arrangement and a switchgear provided therewith
An electric power distribution arrangement having an electric conductor for carrying a high voltage, a first pair of bodies provided on opposite sides of the conductor as seen in a first direction cross-wise to a longitudinal axis of the conductor, and a second pair of bodies provided on opposite sides of the conductor as seen in a second direction cross-wise to the longitudinal axis. The bodies of the first and second pair of bodies are arranged to be electrically disconnected from the conductor, and the spacing between the bodies of the first pair is larger than the spacing between the bodies of the second pair. At least one of the bodies of at least one of the first and second pair comprises a second current conductor, and at least one of the bodies of at least one of the first and second pair comprises a wall element of an encapsulation inside which the conductor is arranged. In a region in which the conductor is surrounded by the first pair and second pair, the conductor has a substantially oval or substantially elliptical shaped outer periphery, and the cross section of the conductor has a larger dimension in the first direction than in the second direction. |
| US08295032B2 |
Solid electrolytic capacitor and manufacturing method thereof
The present invention provides a solid electrolytic capacitor having sufficiently low impedance at high frequencies in which a conductive polymer formed on a dielectric oxide film has good adherence to the dielectric oxide film, and a manufacturing method of the solid electrolytic capacitor. The solid electrolytic capacitor of the present invention includes a valve metal; a dielectric oxide film layer formed on a surface of the valve metal; and a solid electrolyte layer, comprising a conductive polymer layer, formed on the dielectric oxide film layer. The conductive polymer layer contains, as an additive, 0.1 wt % to 30 wt % of an organic oligomer having an average degree of polymerization of 2 to 100. |
| US08295025B2 |
Apparatus and method for controlling excitation frequency of magnetostrictive ultrasonic device
Apparatus and method for controlling the frequency of the current in the excitation coil of a handpiece of a dental magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaling unit, or a similar transducer. A microprocessor continually samples predetermined functions of the current through the excitation coil, and periodically adjusts the frequency, by performing a coarse-stepped frequency scan, followed by a fine-stepped frequency scan until the function samples are close to predetermined optimum values. The functions can include the peak of the current and the peak of a high-pass filtered version of the current. The frequency adjustment is performed each time the handpiece is energized by the practitioner, and at frequent intervals thereafter, assuring automatic optimal frequency at all times and under all conditions. Apparatus according to the invention does not require sensing coils or complex power- or impedance-sensing circuitry and covers a wide range of resonant frequencies for different handpiece- and insert types. A configuration with multiple handpieces is supported. |
| US08295023B2 |
System and method for detection of multiple current limits
Devices, such as mobile devices, may be exposed to short circuit and output overload events. To protect against such events, mobile devices typically include current limit circuits. Some current limit circuits may involve user programmable function. User programmable function may need accurate current limit detectors. Various embodiments of the present invention include devices and methods for detecting one or more programmed current limits. Some embodiments allow for a user application to select among parallel or serial configurations of current detection circuitry. Each such configuration may include multiple resistive devices of different resistive values. |
| US08295021B2 |
Overcurrent protection apparatus for load circuit
To provide an overcurrent protection apparatus for a load circuit which can detect an overcurrent accurately without being influenced by the offset voltage Voff of an amplifier (AMP1). When the amplifier (AMP1) has the offset voltage Voff which is a positive value (Voff>0), a current obtained by subtracting a current Ia from a current I1 flowing through a resistor R1 by conducting a current source IA is flown into a resistor R3. In contrast, when the amplifier (AMP1) has the offset voltage Voff which is a negative value (Voff<0), a voltage drop is generated at a resistor R2 by conducting a current source IB to thereby control so that a voltage Vds becomes same as the voltage generated at the resistor R1. Thus, since a voltage V3 generated at the resistor R3 becomes a voltage from which the influence of the offset voltage Voff is eliminated, it is possible to determine an overcurrent accurately by eliminating the influence of the offset voltage Voff. |
| US08295020B2 |
Electronic circuit
Provided is an electronic circuit including an upper control unit and a lower control unit. The upper control unit performs a logic transition of a gate signal so as to off-latch an upper switch by using the fall edge of a drive signal as a trigger and release the off-latch of the upper switch by using the rise edge of a monitor signal as a trigger. The lower control unit performs a logic transition of the gate signal so as to off-latch a lower switch by using the rise edge of the drive signal as a trigger and release the off-latch of the lower switch by using the rise edge of a monitor signal as a trigger. |
| US08295019B2 |
Polarity reversal protection unit
The polarity reversal protection unit comprises a pyrotechnic disconnecting unit, a detector device, a tripping element, a first connection element electrically connected with at least one consumer connection and a second connection element electrically connecting a supply support point with the first connection element. The pyrotechnic disconnecting unit is arranged on at least one of the connection elements. The tripping element has a first connection, electrically insulated from the connection elements, to the detector device and a second connection to one of the connection elements, so that a current flow in the tripping element causes a triggering of the pyrotechnic disconnecting unit. The triggering of the pyrotechnic disconnecting unit causes an electrical disconnection of the first and second connection elements. |
| US08295017B2 |
Electrical wiring device
The present invention is directed to an electrical wiring device that includes a plurality of line terminals including a line hot terminal and a line neutral terminal, and a plurality of load terminals including a load hot terminal and a load neutral terminal. An interrupting contact assembly includes four sets of interrupting contacts configured to provide electrical continuity at least between the line hot terminal and the load hot terminal and the line neutral terminal and the load neutral terminal in a reset state. The four sets of interrupting contacts are open in a tripped state. A miswire prevention arrangement is configured to prevent the interrupting contact assembly from maintaining the reset state when the load hot terminal and the load neutral terminal are connected to a source of AC power. |
| US08295015B2 |
Magnetoresistive element, thin film magnetic head, magnetic head slider, head gimbal assembly, head arm assembly and magnetic disk device
The invention is devised to provide a magnetoresistive element that is hardly susceptible to harmful influence of unnecessary magnetic fields and noise of heat even when reduction in size is achieved to be adaptable to higher recording density, and therefore that is excellent in operational reliability. The magnetoresistive element includes a stacked structure including, in order: a magnetically pinned layer whose magnetization direction is fixed in a given direction; a non-magnetic layer; a magnetically free layer whose magnetization direction changes according to an external magnetic field; and an antiferromagnetic bias layer exchange-coupled with the magnetically free layer. The exchange-coupling magnetic field between the magnetically free layer and the antiferromagnetic bias layer is smaller than a saturation magnetic field of the magnetically free layer. |
| US08295013B1 |
Disk drive head stack assembly having a flexible printed circuit with heat transfer limiting features
A head stack assembly (HSA) for a disk drive includes an actuator body, at least one actuator arm extending from the actuator body, and a flexible printed circuit (FPC). The FPC includes first and second pluralities of electrically conductive FPC traces, each having a distal portion that terminates at a respective one of a plurality of FPC bond pads. The HSA also includes a head gimbal assembly (HGA) having a laminate flexure with a plurality of electrically conductive flexure bond pads that are bonded to the plurality of FPC bond pads. A width of at least one of the first plurality of FPC traces is greater than a width of at least one of the second plurality of FPC traces. The distal portion of at least one of the first plurality FPC traces includes a first opening therethrough, for example less than 1 mm from its corresponding FPC bond pad. |
| US08295009B2 |
Magnetic recording head and magnetic recording apparatus
An example magnetic recording head includes: a main magnetic pole; a laminated body; and a pair of electrodes. The laminated body includes a first magnetic layer having a coercivity lower than magnetic field applied by the main magnetic pole, a second magnetic layer having a coercivity lower than the magnetic field applied by the main magnetic pole, and an intermediate layer provided between the first magnetic layer and the second magnetic layer. The pair of electrodes is operable to pass a current through the laminated body. |
| US08295001B2 |
Systems and methods for low latency noise cancellation
Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for data processing. For example, a data processing circuit is discussed that includes a data detector circuit, a detector mimicking circuit, and an error calculation circuit. The data detector circuit is operable to perform a data detection process on a first signal derived from a data input to yield a detected output. The data mimicking circuit is operable to process a second signal derived from the data input to yield a mimicked output. The error calculation circuit is operable to calculate a difference between the second signal and a third signal derived from the mimicked output to yield a feedback signal. The feedback signal is operable to modify the data input during a subsequent period. |
| US08295000B2 |
Method and its apparatus for inspecting a magnetic disk
In order to implement efficient read/write testing by firstly determining read/write test area-sampling positions based on position information relating to any defects detected during optical inspection, and then conducting read/write tests only upon areas neighboring the defects detected during the optical inspection, a magnetic disk to be inspected is retained on a spindle and moved under this state between an optical type of inspection apparatus and a read/write test apparatus, in which apparatus configuration the read/write test apparatus uses position information on any defects detected by the optical type of inspection apparatus and conducts read/write tests only upon neighboring areas of the defects detected by the optical type of inspection apparatus. |
| US08294999B2 |
Optics for an extended depth of field
An optical imaging assembly having cylindrical symmetry, comprising a plurality of lenses having surfaces with curvatures and spacings between the surfaces, such that an optical image formed by the plurality of lenses has a defocus aberration coefficient greater than 0.1 at a focal plane of the assembly. |
| US08294998B1 |
Magnification systems
A system to support at least one magnification device on a readable digital display screen upon a base that is interchangeable with a clamp, and that is further capable of omni-directionally orienting the supported magnification device about at least two axes. |
| US08294996B2 |
Diffractive optical element and method of manufacturing the same
A diffractive optical element (1) composed of a ceramic, in which the optical characteristics are enhanced by enhancing the machining precision, is composed of an infrared-transmissive ceramic, and prominent portions (11) and groove portions (12) are repeatedly formed on a surface of the diffractive optical element (1). The average value of the surface roughness Ra within an optical effective area (10) of the surface of the diffractive optical element is 0.05 μm or less, and the difference in the surface roughness Ra within the optical effective area (10) of the surface is 0.02 μm or less. |
| US08294994B1 |
Image waveguide having non-parallel surfaces
An image waveguide includes first and second surfaces being non-parallel and opposite to each other. The image waveguide receives input light from an image source along an optical path disposed at least partially between the first and second surfaces. The first reflective surface receives and reflects light from the image source to the second reflective surface. The image waveguide further includes an out-coupling region included in the first reflective surface. The second reflective surface receives and reflects light from the first reflective surface to the out-coupling region to pass light out of the waveguide. |
| US08294983B2 |
Optical amplifier using photoelectric effect of surface plasmon resonance photons and its manufacturing method
In an optical amplifier including a metal layer having an incident/reflective surface adapted to receive incident light and output its reflective light, and a dielectric layer formed on an opposite surface of the metal layer opposing the incident/reflective surface, the incident light excites surface plasmon resonance light in the metal layer while the dielectric layer is excited, so that an extinction coefficient of the dielectric layer is made negative. |
| US08294982B2 |
Apparatuses and methods for performing gain guiding
A fiber, such as a photonic bandgap fiber, is provided, the fiber including a core and a cladding. The core can extend longitudinally and can have a gain medium configured to provide laser amplification to laser radiation propagating along the core. For example, the gain medium may include a dopant configured to provide amplification, when activated by one or more modes of excitation radiation, of laser radiation propagating along said core. The cladding can be radially exterior to the core, and can be configured to provide a low-loss propagation the one or more modes of excitation radiation and a lossy propagation of all modes of laser radiation along the core, the lossy propagation higher than the low-loss propagation, in particular when the one or more modes of excitation radiation is substantially absent from the core. Associated methods and apparatuses are also provided. |
| US08294981B2 |
Optical amplifiers using switched filter devices
Described are Gain Flattening Filters (GFFs) implemented using mechanical translating assemblies to move selected thin film Gain Attenuating Filters (GAFs), and combinations of selected GAFs, into or out of the output path from an optical amplifier. The GAFs may be used singly, or in combinations that synthesize many target filter characteristics. The GFF is primarily adapted for WDM systems operating with a wavelength range of approximately 1520 nm to 1620 nm. Several embodiments are shown for effectively combining different GAFs to provide multiple GFF curves. |
| US08294979B2 |
Wavelength conversion device and image display apparatus using the same
A wavelength conversion device includes a laser light source that emits a fundamental wave; a wavelength conversion element that converts the fundamental wave into a second harmonic wave; and an optical system including a wavelength selective mirror that reflects the fundamental wave transmitted through the wavelength conversion element without being converted into the second harmonic wave, while transmitting therethrough the second harmonic wave generated by wavelength conversion, wherein the optical system makes the fundamental wave transmitted through the wavelength conversion element without being converted into the second harmonic wave enter the wavelength conversion element again to be subjected to wavelength conversion once or more than once, while being focused by the wavelength selective mirror, and the conversion efficiency in at least one of the second stage and stages subsequent to the second stage is higher than the conversion efficiency in the first stage, where the conversion efficiency in each stage is defined as: (a second harmonic wave generated in one stage)/(a square of the fundamental wave entered in the one stage). |
| US08294972B2 |
Display devices
A display device may include a substrate, a thin film layer formed on the substrate and/or having a light absorptance that varies according to an electric field applied to the thin film layer, and/or electrodes disposed to apply the electric field to the thin film layer and/or configured to change the electric field applied to the thin film layer. |
| US08294970B2 |
Actuator, optical scanner, and image forming apparatus
An actuator includes: a frame; first members at each end of the frame along a first axis making the frame rotatable thereabout; second members supporting each end of a movable plate against the frame along a second axis making the movable plate rotatable thereabout; first magnets with poles interposing the first axis; a second magnet with poles interposing the first axis; a coil generating a magnetic force acting on the first and second magnets; and a voltage source applying a voltage to the coil. The first and second magnets have an angle of 30-60 degrees to the first axis, and identical magnetic pole directions. The voltage source includes first and second voltage generators generating first and second voltages of first and second frequencies, and a voltage superimposer. The movable plate is rotated about the first and second axes at the first and second frequencies by the superimposed voltages. |
| US08294967B2 |
Coherent photonic frequency conversion (CPFC) for quantum computing using pumped four-wave mixing processes
A system and method for the controlled generation, manipulation, and conversion of individual photons in and for a quantum computing environment or a quantum communication environment are provided. Systems and methods for doubling a single photon in a first propagation mode into two new photons in one or two new propagation modes, combining two photons in one or two propagation modes into a single photon of a single propagation mode, and implementing a pi phase shift on a two-photon state but not on the one-photon state in a fully controlled, consistent, and repeatable fashion are also provided, as well as a source of individual photons having clearly defined and fully controllable properties. Embodiments of the above allow for generation and conversion operations that are up to 100% efficient. The generation, conversion, combination, and phase shifting operations are preferably carried out inside a non-linear χ3 material of a predetermined length. |
| US08294965B2 |
Holographic reconstruction system and method with a sequence of visibility regions
A holographic reconstruction system and method for the three-dimensional reconstruction of object light points of a scene. The system includes spatial light modulation means which modulate light waves capable of interference with at least one video hologram, focusing means which focus the modulated light waves so that a viewer can view the reconstructed object light points of the scene from a visibility region that is thereby produced by focusing, and deflection means which position the visibility region by aligning the modulated light waves. The holographic reconstruction system includes deflection control means for controlling the deflection means to sequentially adjust the visibility region to different contiguous viewing positions, and light controlling means for switching the light waves in synchronicity with the deflection control means. |
| US08294962B2 |
Method of conveying documents for automatic document feeder
A method of conveying documents for an ADF includes steps of beginning a first conveying procedure of a next document after a preceding document passes through a scanning section during a first conveying procedure of the preceding document, performing a first inverting procedure and then beginning a second conveying procedure of the preceding document during the first conveying procedure of the next document, performing a first inverting procedure and then beginning a second conveying procedure of the next document during the second conveying procedure of the preceding document, performing a second inverting procedure and then beginning a third conveying procedure of the preceding document during the second conveying procedure of the next document, and performing a second inverting procedure and then beginning a third conveying procedure of the next document during the third conveying procedure of the preceding document. The next document begins the first conveying procedure during the preceding document performs the first conveying procedure to improve the efficiency and speed. |
| US08294949B2 |
Color reproduction sharing method and computer-readable program for carrying out such color reproduction sharing method
For sharing, as a second profile for a second output device, a known first profile for converting input device-dependent image data into first output device-dependent image data by performing a pre-gradation converting process, a color converting process, and a post-gradation converting process on the input device-dependent image data, a differential between a one-dimensional gradation conversion curve of a first color image output device and an inverse conversion curve of a one-dimensional gradation conversion curve of a second color image output device is determined by a differential generator, and then the first profile and a differential table are used as the second profile for the second color image output device. |
| US08294948B2 |
Image-based color printer fractal gamut extensions achieved with process set point adjustment
A color management system is provided for enabling imaging of selected colors called spot colors by dynamically adjusting the normal printer gamut to achieve a color gamut extension. Developed toner mass may be increased or decreased by changing ROS laser intensity. Such adjustment can occur on a pixel-by-pixel basis for within page and within sections of the image gamut extension. |
| US08294947B2 |
Image processing apparatus with front and back side reading units and method for correcting a color difference for a specific color
A specified specific color is input, and a patch pattern that contains a large number of patches corresponding to a color adjacent to the specific color is read by a front-side scanner and a back-side scanner. The color difference between read values for the front side and read values for the back side is corrected. |
| US08294946B2 |
Printer
Various embodiments and methods related to a printer are disclosed. |
| US08294943B2 |
Print control apparatus and printing system
A print control apparatus includes a command section for causing a printing apparatus to execute a print job, the print job for printing a print subject image on a sheet, with a mark overlaying the sheet. Furthermore, the print control apparatus includes: an accepting section that accepts a processing condition for an image process of the mark, during a processing condition accepting period, which is set for every print job and is the period before an input of an executive instruction; and an image processing section that performs the image process of the mark in accordance with the processing condition during the processing condition accepting period. This makes it possible to prevent delay in initiation of printing, without excessive consumption of storage capacity of a storage device. |
| US08294941B2 |
Image forming system capable of quickly determining whether to convey succeeding recording medium toward recording head
A data processor controls an image-forming device as the control target. The image-forming device is capable of recording images on a recording medium conveyed one sheet at a time from a feeding unit based on image data transmitted from the data processor. The data processor controls the image-forming device to begin conveying an N+1th sheet of the recording medium before the image-forming device finishes recording an image on an Nth sheet of recording medium on the condition that the data processor has transmitted indicate data to the image-forming device indicating the existence of an image to be recorded on the N+1th sheet of recording medium. |
| US08294936B2 |
Method and system of designing handmade paper crafts
A method of designing handmade paper crafts is disclosed. The method includes accessing a server from a client and selecting a three-dimensional view of a paper craft from a database in the server. The server computes a two-dimensional view of the paper craft according to the three-dimensional view of the paper craft. The two-dimensional view of the paper craft is capable of being made to form the three-dimensional view of the paper craft. In the two-dimensional view of the paper craft, a dotted line indicates a to be cut line and a solid line indicates a to be fold line. The client adds pictures or words on the two-dimensional view of the paper craft to create a modified two-dimensional view of the paper craft, and stores the modified two-dimensional view back in the server. |
| US08294925B2 |
Apparatus and methods for transferring printer driver preferences
A system is provided for supporting multiple platforms with common personal preferences for printer drivers. The set preferences for the printer driver are therefore reusable and may be moved from one driver to another. The system involves the provision of a common format for printer driver preferences. When a new printer is brought to a system or a user moves to a station that uses a different printer, the preferences are readily moved to that location. Further, an MIS department may provide a corporate wide printer preference solution, for example for printing a particular page or printing in a particular style. The preferences may not be identical for each printer due to differences in the capabilities of various platforms. The printer preferences overwrite a default value in printers with preferences, to the extent that each printer has the options available. To the extent that these options are not available, the printer reverts to its default setting. |
| US08294924B2 |
Printing system, printing method and printing apparatus
A printing system having an image reading apparatus and a printing apparatus which is network-connected or locally connected to the image reading apparatus, and which stores print jobs sent from the image reading apparatus or other apparatus in a queue, and implements printing processing sequentially from a print job existing at a head of the queue, in which the image reading apparatus comprises a print job cancel request unit that issues a cancel request for a print job to the printing apparatus, and the printing apparatus comprises: a cancel request reception unit that receives the cancel request sent by the print job cancel request unit; a cancel requester identifying unit that identifies a cancel requester from the cancel request received by the cancel request reception unit; a print job specifying unit that specifies, as a canceled print job, a print job which has been first searched out by searching for the print job from the cancel requester identified by the cancel requester identifying unit in a direction from a tail of the queue to the head thereof; and a print job cancel unit that deletes from the queue the canceled print job specified by the print job specifying unit. |
| US08294922B2 |
Image forming apparatus, user restriction method and use history generation method
An image forming apparatus is provided, in which the image forming apparatus includes a user database in which user identification information for identifying an user of the image forming apparatus is registered, an operation panel for receiving a key operation input, a secure program used for determining whether a user service can be provided on the basis of the user identification information in the user database and another user identification information input by the user. |
| US08294920B2 |
Job processing system, job processing apparatus, and control method thereof
In a job processing system, usage restriction information is managed for restricting user usage of functions of a job processing apparatus. An information processing apparatus acquires usage restriction information corresponding to a first operator instructing generation of job data, and writes the usage restriction information into job data to be transmitted to the job processing apparatus. The job processing apparatus checks whether or not the usage restriction information is written in the job data received from the information processing apparatus, and when the usage restriction information is confirmed, processes the job data in accordance with the usage restriction information, and when the usage restriction information is not confirmed, processes the job data in accordance with usage restriction information of a second operator instructing execution of a job in the job processing apparatus. |
| US08294908B2 |
Information processing apparatus, its job combining method, program, and storing medium
The invention provides an information processing apparatus which can add a job attribute of optimum print setting to a combined job without changing print settings by using a user interface upon job combination. The information processing apparatus makes the user preset the print setting which is applied upon combination of print jobs on a print setting display screen upon combination and combines the print jobs on the basis of the set print setting upon combination at the time of the combination of the print jobs. |
| US08294906B2 |
Measuring head system for a coordinate measuring machine and method for optically measuring of displacements of a probe element
A measuring head system for a coordinate measuring machine, having a scanning element for contacting a measured object as a contacting part, which can be moved such that an object to be measured can be mechanically scanned using the scanning element. An optical sensor is fixed on the measuring head base. Means are provided to generate a projection on the sensor line using at least one radiation source. The means have at least one first mask element to generate a first partial projection on the sensor line such that said partial projection is optimized to determine an x displacement and a y displacement of the contacting part in relation to the measuring head base in the x direction or y direction. An analysis unit is configured to determine the x displacement and the y displacement from signals only generated by the one sensor line. |
| US08294904B2 |
Fizeau lens having aspheric compensation
An imaging system for obtaining interferometric measurements from a sample spherical surface has a light source for providing an incident light beam, a beamsplitter disposed to direct the incident light beam toward the sample spherical surface and to direct a test light reflected from the sample spherical surface and a reference light reflected from a reference spherical surface toward an interferometric imaging apparatus. There is a lens assembly in the path of the incident light beam, with at least one lens element, wherein one of the at least one lens elements has an aspheric surface and wherein one of the at least one lens elements further provides the reference spherical surface facing the sample spherical surface. A reference plate is temporarily disposed in the path of the incident light beam for measuring the aspheric surface itself and is removable from the path of the incident light beam for obtaining interferometric measurements from the sample spherical surface. |
| US08294902B2 |
Measuring method and measuring device for measuring a shape of a measurement surface using a reference standard for calibration
The present invention provides a reference standard used to calibrate measurement data of a measuring device for measuring the shape of a measurement surface utilizing interference between light from the measurement surface and light from the reference surface. A measurement surface of the reference standard has at least one protruding mark and one recessed mark, and an integrated value of the dimension of the protruding mark in the direction normal to the measurement surface of the reference standard, on the circumference of an assumed circle on the measurement surface centered at a point on an optical axis of the reference standard, is equal to an integrated value of the dimension of the recessed mark in the direction normal to the measurement surface of the reference standard on the circumference of the assumed circle. |
| US08294900B2 |
Systems and methods for resonator fiber optic gyroscope intensity modulation control
Systems and methods for improved resonator fiber optic gyroscope intensity modulation control are provided. In one embodiment, a resonant fiber optic gyroscope (RFOG) having a residual intensity modulation (RIM) controller comprises: an intensity modulator optically coupled to receive a light beam from a laser source modulated at a resonance detection modulation frequency; an optical tap device optically coupled to the intensity modulator; and a feedback servo coupled to the optical tap device and the intensity modulator, the demodulating feedback servo generating a sinusoidal feedback signal to the intensity modulator. The feedback servo adjusts an amplitude and phase of the sinusoidal feedback signal provided to intensity modulator based on a residual intensity modulation detected by the demodulating feedback servo. |
| US08294898B2 |
Rotationally asymmetric chaotic optical multi-pass cavity
The present invention relates to a rotationally asymmetric chaotic optical multi-pass cavity useful in optical gas sensing spectroscopy, optical delay lines, and laser amplification systems, for example. The cavity may include a single closed mirror having a light reflective surface that is deformed in two orthogonal directions and more particularly, but not exclusively, in the shape of a quadrupole in both horizontal and vertical planes. The cavity includes a light entry port and a light exit port which may be the same or separate ports, as well as a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The optical path length, the beam divergence rate, and the spot pattern are controlled by selecting the cavity deformation coefficients and the input beam direction to achieve the desired beam path and beam quality. |
| US08294895B2 |
Fire detector
Provided is a fire detector in which an element substrate can be easily removed from and mounted into an optical case. The fire detector includes: an optical case (21); an element substrate (31), on which a light-receiving element (12) is mounted, the element substrate (31) being provided in the optical case (21); a signal line (35) passing through an introduction portion of a peripheral wall (21a) of the optical case (21), the signal line (35) being connected to the element substrate (31); and an optical cover (30) for closing an opening of the optical case (21), in which the signal line (35) is inserted into a slit (37) which is open on an upper end surface (21f) of the introduction portion of the peripheral wall (21a). |
| US08294893B2 |
Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer
A flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer in which a combustion gas is burned by a burner to form a flame and a nebulized sample is atomized in the flame, including a flashback detector for detecting an occurrence of a flashback phenomenon of the flame or detecting a state in which a flashback phenomenon is considered to have occurred; a flashback count memory for counting detection of a flashback by the flashback detector and storing a number of count; an ignition inhibitor for inhibiting, in a case where a flashback is detected by the flashback detector, an ignition after the detection; and an inhibition canceller for canceling, in an ignition inhibit state created by the ignition inhibitor, the ignition inhibit state only by a predetermined operation which is changed in accordance with the number of count stored in the flashback count memory. |
| US08294888B2 |
Surface defect inspection method and apparatus
The present invention provides an apparatus and method which enable detecting a microscopic defect sensitively by efficiently collecting and detecting scattering light from a defect in a wider region without enlarging the apparatus. In the apparatus for inspecting a defect on a surface of a sample, including illumination means which irradiates a surface of a sample with laser, reflected light detection means which detects reflected light from the sample, and signal processing means which processes a detected signal and detecting a defect on the sample, the reflected light detection means is configured to include a scattering light detection unit which collects scattering light components of the reflected light from the sample by excluding specularly reflected light components by using an aspheric flannel lens and detecting the scattering light components. |
| US08294887B1 |
Fast laser power control with improved reliability for surface inspection
An inspection system may include, but is not limited to: an illumination subsystem for directing light to an inspection specimen comprising: a power attenuator subsystem configured for altering the power level of a light beam emitted by the illumination subsystem; and a power attenuation control subsystem configured to provide control signals to the power attenuator subsystem according to a detected level of light scattering by the inspection specimen upon illumination by the illumination subsystem. A method for scatterometry inspection may include, but is not limited to: directing light having a power level to an inspection specimen from a light source; detecting light scattered from the specimen; and modifying a power level of one or more intermediate light beams within the light source according to a level of light scattering by the specimen upon illumination by the light source. |
| US08294883B2 |
Doppler sensor for the derivation of torsional slip, friction and related parameters
An optical method and apparatus are described for the measurement of properties of a travel vehicle or a travel surface upon which the travel vehicle travels, which includes providing an incident light from a light source to the travel surface, collecting light reflected from the travel surface, determining a surface induced Doppler shift from the incident and collected light and determining at least one of a motion property of the travel vehicle and a surface property of the travel surface based on the determined surface induced Doppler shift. |
| US08294882B2 |
Photonic mixer and use thereof
The photonic mixer comprises a couple of an injecting contact region (3, 4) for injecting the majority carrier current into the semiconductor substrate (1) and a detector region (7, 8) for collecting the photocurrent. The injecting contact region (3, 4) is doped with a dopant of the first conductivity type (p+) at a higher dopant concentration than the semiconductor substrate (1). The detector region (7, 8) is doped with a dopant of a second conductivity type (n+) opposite the first conductivity type and has a junction (11, 12) with the semiconductor substrate (1), a zone of the semiconductor substrate (1) around said junction (11, 12) being a depleted substrate zone (101, 102). The couple further comprises a field shaping zone (13, 14) of the first conductivity type (p−) defining a lateral edge of the couple and having a dopant concentration higher than the dopant concentration of the semiconductor substrate (1), for example between the dopant concentrations of the semiconductor substrate (1) and the injecting contact region (3, 4), which field shaping zone (13, 14) is designed to limit said depleted substrate zone (101, 102) laterally. |
| US08294878B2 |
Exposure apparatus and device manufacturing method
Positional information of each of wafer stages during exposure and during alignment is measured directly under a projection optical system and directly under a primary alignment system, respectively, by a plurality of encoder heads, Z heads and the like, which a measurement bar placed below surface plates has, using gratings placed on the lower surfaces of fine movement stages. Since a main frame that supports the projection optical system and the measurement bar are separated, deformation of the measurement bar caused by inner stress (including thermal stress) and transmission of vibration or the like from the main frame to the measurement bar, and the like do not occur, which is different from the case where the main frame and the measurement bar are integrated. Consequently, high-precision measurement of the positional information of the wafer stages can be performed. |
| US08294877B2 |
Illumination optical unit for projection lithography
An illumination optical unit for projection lithography for illuminating an object field, in which an object to be imaged can be arranged, with illumination light has a field facet mirror having a plurality of field facets. A pupil facet mirror of the illumination optical unit has a plurality of pupil facets. The pupil facets serve for imaging the field facets respectively assigned individually to the pupil facets into the object field. An individual mirror array of the illumination optical unit has individual mirrors that can be tilted in driven fashion individually. The individual mirror array is arranged in an illumination light beam path upstream of the field facet mirror. This can result in flexibly configurable illumination by the illumination optical unit, this illumination being readily adaptable to predetermined values. |
| US08294868B2 |
Liquid crystal display device
A liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display device includes: a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second substrates, the liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules and ionic impurities originated from a wall defining the liquid crystal layer, a common voltage line, formed on an outer area of the first substrate, a common electrode formed on the second substrate, and a seal line formed to cover the common voltage line the seal line including a conductive ball configured to attract ionic impurities toward a surface of the seal line when a polarized voltage is applied to the conductive ball. |
| US08294863B2 |
Liquid crystal display device and method of producing the same
A liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix includes first and second substrates and a liquid crystal layer held therebetween. Switching elements are arranged in each of the pixels on the first substrate. A first organic insulating film covers signal lines, scan lines and switching elements. Common electrodes are formed in the first organic insulating film on the first substrate. Connection elements are electrically connected to the switching elements through first contact holes formed in the first organic insulating film. A second organic insulating film covers the first organic insulating film and the connection elements. Pixel electrodes having slits are formed on the second organic insulating film electrically connected to the respective connection elements through second contact holes formed in the second organic insulating film. The liquid crystal layer is switched by using a lateral electric field between the common and pixel electrodes formed on the first substrate. |
| US08294857B2 |
In-plane switching mode transflective liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same
An in-plane switching mode transflective liquid crystal display device includes: first and second substrates; a gate line and a data line on an inner surface of the first substrate, the gate line and the data line crossing each other to define a pixel region; a common line parallel to the gate line; a thin film transistor connected to the gate and data lines; a first passivation layer over the thin film transistor; a reflecting layer over the first passivation layer; a second passivation layer over the reflecting layer; a pixel electrode over the second passivation layer; a third passivation layer over the pixel electrode; a common electrode over the third passivation layer, the common electrode connected to the common line, the common electrode including a plurality of first openings along a first direction in the transmissive area and a plurality of second openings along a second direction different from the first direction in the reflective area; a color filter layer on an inner surface of the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrate. |
| US08294854B2 |
Liquid crystal display comprising a reflection region having first, second and third recesses and method for manufacturing the same
A liquid crystal display device includes a reflection region for reflecting incident light toward a display surface, wherein, the reflection region includes a metal layer formed on a substrate, a semiconductor layer formed above the metal layer, and a reflective layer formed above the semiconductor layer; and the reflection region includes a first recess formed on a surface of the reflective layer, a second recess formed on the surface of the reflective layer in the first recess, and a third recess formed on the surface of the reflective layer in the second recess. The liquid crystal display device provides a low-cost transflective-type or reflection-type liquid crystal display device having a high image quality. |
| US08294849B2 |
Liquid crystal display device capable of low temperature use and having rod-shaped gold particles of nanometer order dispersed in the liquid crystal layer
A liquid crystal display device comprises: a liquid crystal display element comprising a pair of glass substrates facing to each other, transparent electrode patterns, each transparent electrode pattern being formed on a facing surface of each one of said pair of glass substrates film structures, each film structure including an oriented film and being formed on each one of said pair of glass substrates with covering said transparent electrode, and a liquid crystal layer held between the pair of glass substrates; and a light source that can radiate near infrared rays to said liquid crystal display element, and wherein at least one of said liquid crystal layer and said film structures include near infrared ray absorption material. A response time of the liquid crystal display device can be improved at a low temperature. |
| US08294845B2 |
Cabinet structure for display apparatus
The present invention relates to a cabinet structure for a display apparatus such as a liquid crystal television. The cabinet structure of a display apparatus 1 is provided with: a liquid crystal module 3 provided with a liquid crystal panel 31; a front cabinet 2 that has an open window portion through which a display screen of the liquid crystal panel is exposed; and a rear cabinet that is joined to the front cabinet to form a cabinet main body in which the liquid crystal module is accommodated, and the liquid crystal module 3 is fitted to the front cabinet 2, in a state in which a convex-curved press rib 4 that is curved along a length direction thereof to be convex is pressed against a bezel 32 of the liquid crystal module 3. Thus, a simpler cabinet structure for a display apparatus is achieved that is capable of realizing a preferable appearance of the display screen of the liquid crystal panel and the cabinet when they are assembled together, and that is capable of preventing the occurrence of vibration noise. |
| US08294843B2 |
Waterproof touch screen panel with protective film
A waterproof touch screen user interface panel constructed in such a way that readily available LCD displays and touch screen switches can be used in a wet environment. A thin plastic film is placed over the top of a touch screen/LCD assembly using moisture resistant adhesive to protect the assembly from the panel's top side and a specially constructed housing allows the use of silicon gel to protect the panel from the bottom side. The plastic film, typically a polycarbonate film, is thin enough to allow activation of the touch screen switches with a soft touch, yet rigid enough to prevent false activations of the switches until touched. |
| US08294841B2 |
Pixel array
A pixel array includes many scan lines, data lines and pixel structures coupled to the scan lines and data lines. Each of the pixel structures includes a first pixel unit and a second pixel unit. Each of the first pixel units includes a first switch device. Each of the second pixel units includes a second switch device and a coupling capacitor. In each of the pixel structures in an ith row, a control end and a first end of the first switch device are respectively coupled to the ith scan line and one of the data lines; a control end and a first end of the second switch device are respectively coupled to the (i−1)th scan line and a second end of the first switch device. The coupling capacitor is coupled between the second end of the first switch device and a second end of the second switch device. |
| US08294840B2 |
Liquid crystal display device with fringe field switching mode
A system for displaying images, having a display panel, comprising: a lower substrate with a first surface, wherein the first surface is divided into a pixel area and a driver area; a peripheral circuit within the driver area on the first surface; at least one thin film transistor is formed in the pixel area, wherein the thin film transistor comprises an active layer, a gate dielectric layer overlying the active layer, and a gate electrode overlying the gate dielectric layer, and the active layer has source and drain regions; a first transparent electrode layer directly overlapped on a portion of the drain region, electrically connected thereto; and a second transparent electrode pattern is disposed on the gate dielectric layer, opposing the first transparent electrode layer. |
| US08294838B2 |
Planar nematic liquid crystal cells doped with nanoparticles and methods of inducing a freedericksz transition
Nematic liquid crystal cells with positive dielectric anisotropy that include colloidal suspensions having nanoclusters are provided as well as methods of inducing Freedericksz transitions therein and methods of controlling the alignment of a liquid crystal. |
| US08294837B2 |
Sensor array substrate, display device including the same, and method of manufacturing the same
A sensor array substrate, a display device including the sensor array substrate, and a method of manufacturing the sensor array substrate are provided. The sensor array substrate includes a substrate, a first sensor formed on a first pixel area of the substrate and configured to detect light, an overcoat layer formed on the first sensor, and a shield layer formed over the overcoat layer, wherein the shield layer overlaps the first sensor. |
| US08294831B2 |
Set-top box receiver soft control system and method
A set-top box is constructed including a processor, an input port, an auxiliary input port, and an output port. The input port is electrically coupled to the processor, and is configured to receive first control signals from a remote control. The auxiliary input port is also electrically coupled to the processor, and is configured to receive second control signals from an auxiliary remote control and send the second control signals to the processor. The output port is electrically coupled to the processor, and is configured to send graphical representations of a remote control to a display. The processor is configured to compose a graphical representation of the remote control, receive a second control signal, modify the graphical representation of the remote control in response to the second control signal, and send the graphical representation to the output port for display. |
| US08294829B2 |
Television receiver, channel tuning method for automatically updating channel data and channel scan method for more rapid and reliable channel scanning
A television receiver including: a reception control unit which judges whether reception of the cable television broadcast signal has succeeded, by setting the channel data composed of the combination of the frequency table stored in the first storage unit and the modulation method stored in the second storage unit, the modulation method corresponding to the tuned channel. The reception control unit sequentially changes the channel data to be set in a previously determined order to make the reception unit receive the cable television broadcast signal corresponding to the tuned channel when the reception control unit judges that the reception of the cable television broadcast signal has not succeeded. |
| US08294817B2 |
Image pickup module having guide memeber for mechanical strength
There is provided an image pickup module which can be formed by a simple process while securing the mechanical strength of an inner lead at the time of bending and when fixed, without increasing an outer dimension of the image pickup module.The image pickup module includes an image pickup element having an image pickup surface, and a flexible substrate is drawn to be directed rearward of the image pickup surface. A guide member which fixes the image pickup element and the flexible substrate is provided, and the guide member includes a portion which is extended along a rear surface of the image pickup element, and a portion which is extended along a gap between the image pickup element and the flexible substrate. |
| US08294816B2 |
Imaging apparatus containing lens mount without mirror box
The imaging apparatus includes a lens mount to which a lens unit is mountable, an imaging unit operable to generate an image signal, and a shutter unit that is arranged between the lens mount and the imaging unit, and is capable of limiting the light incident on the imaging unit, opening and closing at least at recording and being kept in an opened state during a recording preparation operation, and a main frame to which the lens mount, the shutter unit and the imaging unit are fixed. |
| US08294808B2 |
Dual field-of-view optical imaging system with dual focus lens
A dual field-of-view optical imaging system is provided for obtaining two images of a scene, each image having a different field of view. The dual field-of-view optical imaging system includes a frontal dual focus lens, the dual focus lens having a central zone of focal length f1 producing a wide field-of-view image at a first focal plane and a peripheral zone of focal length f2 greater than f1 producing a narrow field-of-view image at a second focal plane; and a detector for detecting and acquiring the wide field-of-view image and the narrow field-of-view image, the detector being movable along an optical path for selective positioning at the first focal plane or the second focal plane. |
| US08294807B2 |
Imaging system with variable opto-mechanical system, aberrated optics and compensating filter bank
A weighted sum of a set of component filters is used to effectively apply different “composite” FIR filters to compensate for aberrations resulting from different opto-mechanical settings. The FIR filters are “composite” in the sense that they are a weighted sum of the set of component filters. In one approach, the aberrations vary as a function of the opto-mechanical setting, and the opto-mechanical setting is used to determine the weights of the different component filters. |
| US08294803B2 |
Methods for capturing and reading out images from an image sensor
Multiple images are captured where the exposure times for some of the images overlap and the images are spatially overlapped. Charge packets are transferred from one or more portions of pixels after particular integration periods, thereby enabling the portion or portions of pixels to begin another integration period while one or more other portions of pixels continue to integrate charge. Charge packets may be binned during readout of the images from the image sensor. Comparison of two or more images having different lengths of overlapping or non-overlapping exposure periods provides motion information. The multiple images can then be aligned to compensate for motion between the images and assembled into a combined image with an improved signal to noise ratio and reduced motion blur. |
| US08294801B2 |
Solid-state imaging device, imaging apparatus, pixel driving voltage adjustment apparatus, and pixel driving voltage adjustment method
A solid-state imaging device includes: a pixel array unit having arranged unit pixels, each having a charge generator generating signal charges, and a signal output unit having a charge transfer unit, and generating and outputting a processing-target signal corresponding to the signal charges; a driving controller driving the unit pixels, the driving controller sequentially driving the charge transfer unit; and a transfer driving voltage setting unit setting, on the basis of a pixel signal based on a saturated charge amount of the charge generator and a pixel signal based on an intermediate voltage retained charge amount retained in the charge generator after intermediate transfer in which charge transfer is performed at a level between a complete transfer level and an off level, the level of the intermediate voltage such that an actual intermediate voltage retained charge amount becomes the expectation value of the intermediate voltage retained charge amount. |
| US08294799B2 |
Solid-state imaging apparatus
A solid-state imaging apparatus including: a pixel section having two-dimensionally arranged pixels each containing a photoelectric conversion device for converting a light signal into a signal electric charge and accumulating the signal electric charge, an amplification means for amplifying and outputting as a pixel signal the signal electric charges accumulated at the photoelectric conversion device, a transfer means for transferring the accumulated signal electric charges to the amplification means, and a reset means for resetting the signal electric charges; a vertical scanning section for outputting a vertical scanning signal to drive/control the pixel section row by row; and a vertical selecting section for generating a row transfer signal in accordance with the vertical scanning signal to drive the transfer means and for generating a row reset signal having a falling edge delayed by a predetermined amount from the row transfer signal to drive the reset means. |
| US08294795B2 |
Image capturing apparatus and medium storing image processing program
An image capturing apparatus includes an image capturing unit, a generating unit, a detecting unit, and a calculating unit. The image capturing unit captures an image of a subject to generate image data. The generating unit generates a blurred image from the image data. The detecting unit detects a main subject area included in the image data. The calculating unit calculates an evaluation value regarding a brightness based on an image of the main subject area among the blurred image, and calculates an improvement amount of lightness used for performing a correction on dark part gradation of the image data generated by the image capturing unit based on the evaluation value being calculated. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the exposure and correct the dark part gradation optimally both for a main subject portion and a background portion. |
| US08294775B2 |
Fluttering illumination system and method for encoding the appearance of a moving object
A fluttering illumination system and method for encoding the appearance of a moving subject includes an image capturing device, a lens, a shutter, an illumination source, and a device to control illumination triggering and power. The image capturing device may be configured in a bulb shutter mode to integrate light patterns from the object upon the sensor via the shutter until a shutter release is open. The control device may be invoked to trigger several illuminations of varying power in a predetermined sequence by rapidly turning the illumination source on and off when the shutter release is open. The shutter release may then be closed following the firing of a last illumination in order to invertibly encode the appearance of the moving subject in a single image. Data indicative of a motion blur associated with the image may be estimated and the image processed to recover a sharp image without noise and ringing artifacts. |
| US08294771B2 |
Image correction device and image correction method thereof
An image correction device includes an image capturing module, a first calculating module, a second calculating module, a third calculating module, and a correction module. The image capturing module includes an image sensor having a center (Xo, Yo). The image capturing module takes an image of a test chart. A center of the group of black stripes is coincident with a center of the image. The first calculating module is for calculating coordinates of a center of each black stripe of the group of black stripes. The second calculating module is for calculating coordinates (Xc, Yc) of the center of the image. The third calculating module is for calculating a coordinate deviation (ΔX, ΔY)=(Xc−Xo, Yc−Yo). The correction module is for inputting the coordinate deviation (ΔX, ΔY) into the image sensor so that the image sensor corrects the image according to the coordinate deviation (ΔX, ΔY). |
| US08294770B2 |
Systems and methods for spatially isolated artifact dissection, classification and measurement
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a method of measuring a test video frame. A test video input is provided, along with an artifact measurement control, a gradient change measurement is performed based upon the test video input and a gradient change measurement map is provided. |
| US08294763B2 |
Method for building and extracting entity networks from video
A computer implemented method for deriving an attribute entity network (AEN) from video data is disclosed, comprising the steps of extracting at least two entities from the video data, tracking the trajectories of the at least two entities to form at least two tracks, deriving at least one association between at least two entities by detecting at least one event involving the at least two entities, where the detecting of at least one event is based on detecting at least one spatiotemporal motion correlation between the at least two entities, and constructing the AEN by creating a graph wherein the at least two objects form at least two nodes and the at least one association forms a link between the at least two nodes. |
| US08294762B2 |
Three-dimensional shape measurement photographing apparatus, method, and program
A three-dimensional shape measurement photographing apparatus, including a plurality of photographing units for obtaining a measurement image group of a plurality of measurement images for measuring a three-dimensional shape of a subject, an emission unit for emitting light, including pattern light, within an angle of view of the photographing units, a photographing control unit for controlling the photographing units to obtain a pre-image of the subject before obtaining the measurement image group and to obtain the measurement images of the subject illuminated by the pattern light, a determination unit for setting a plurality of areas on the pre-image and determining whether to emit the pattern light with respect to each of the areas, and an emission control unit for controlling the emission unit such that the pattern light is emitted only to an area for which a determination has been made to emit the pattern light. |
| US08294761B2 |
Apparatus for inspecting a vehicle brake component and method for performing such inspection
An apparatus for the inspection a vehicle component to detect the presence of a part defect and a method for performing the inspection. According to one embodiment, the apparatus for inspecting the vehicle component comprises: a camera having a lens; a borescope having a first end and a second end, the first end operatively disposed adjacent the camera and the second end having a mirror disposed therein; and a light source for supplying light to the borescope whereby the mirror is operative to reflect an image of an area of the vehicle component to be inspected to the camera. |
| US08294757B2 |
Imaging chamber with window and micro-needle platform magnetically biased toward each other
A device for imaging a tissue culture comprises a chamber for housing a tissue to be cultured and imaged. The chamber comprises a transparent window. The device also includes a platform facing the window. Micro-needles are mounted on the platform and are connected for fluid communication with a fluid source. The platform and the window are magnetically biased toward each other to press the micro-needles into a tissue sandwiched between the window and platform for injecting a fluid into the tissue. One or more spacers are placed between the platform and the window for preventing over-compression of the tissue by the platform and the window. During use, a fluid is supplied to the tissue through the needles from the fluid source and the tissue is imaged through the window of the chamber. |
| US08294755B2 |
Light source apparatus and endoscope apparatus
A light source apparatus capable of controlling a quantity of light in a stable manner and an endoscope apparatus including the light source apparatus are provided. The light source apparatus includes a light source and a light quantity adjusting portion for limiting the light flux from the light source using an aperture blade. The light quantity adjusting portion includes the aperture blade which is driven to rotate in a vertical plane about a pivot and has a center of gravity which is decentered from the pivot, a position detecting portion for detecting a position of the aperture blade, a driving portion, and a light source controlling portion for controlling the driving portion. The light source controlling portion controls the driving portion based on the position of the aperture blade and a rotation direction. |
| US08294754B2 |
Metadata generating method and apparatus and image processing method and apparatus using metadata
A metadata generating method including: receiving sub-region dividing information to divide an object into a plurality of sub-regions; and generating sub-region indicating information to indicate each of the plurality of sub-regions divided according to the sub-region dividing information. |
| US08294750B2 |
Electronic equipment having laser component and capability of inspecting leak of laser and inspecting method for inspecting leak of laser thereof
The invention provides an electronic equipment having a laser component and capability of inspecting leak of laser and an inspecting method for inspecting leak of laser thereof. The electronic equipment according to the invention includes a three-dimensional image-capturing device. According to the invention, the three-dimensional image-capturing device is controlled to capture a two-dimensional image, and to measure an actual depth map. The captured two-dimensional image is processed to obtain an estimated depth map. The invention selectively determines that the laser component occurs leak of laser or malfunctions in accordance with the estimated depth map and the actual depth map. |
| US08294747B1 |
Automated initiation of a computer-based video conference using a mobile phone telephony session
Techniques are described for initiating a video conference between two video conferencing devices by leveraging information obtained from two mobile phones that are engaged in a mobile phone session with one another and are each associated with a respective one of the video conferencing devices. A video conferencing device may obtain the information, including the telephone numbers for both mobile phones, using a Bluetooth connection between the mobile phone and the video conferencing device. A data center receives and maintains the mobile phone session information, determines whether each mobile phone engaged in the mobile phone session is associated with an available video conferencing device, and, if so, invites the associated video conferencing devices to initiate a video conference with one another. |
| US08294746B2 |
Image forming apparatus with exposing unit and photosensitive member
An image forming apparatus includes: a photosensitive member, a housing, a cover, an exposing unit fit to the cover and which moves closer toward/away from the photosensitive member in response to opening/closing of the cover, wherein the exposing unit forms a latent image on the photosensitive member by exposing the photosensitive member when the exposing unit is arranged in close vicinity to the photosensitive member by the closing of the cover, an image forming unit, which forms an image corresponding to the latent image and a housing side electrode provided inside of the housing, wherein the housing side electrode feeds an exposing power to an exposing unit side electrode by contacting the exposing unit side electrode provided in the exposing unit when the exposing unit is arranged in close vicinity to the photosensitive member by the closing of the cover. |
| US08294745B2 |
Optical writing device and optical writing method
An optical writing device includes a light source that emits multiple laser beams; a separating unit that separates each of the multiple laser beams into a monitor beam and a scanning beam; a photoelectric converting element 218 that outputs a monitor voltage depending on a quantity of the monitor beam; a memory that stores an initial correction value for correcting a set common current; and a microcontroller that calculates a reference current, which is produced by correcting the common current updated on the basis of the monitor voltages with the initial correction values, obtains corrected currents by correcting the common current with the calculated correction values, controls each quantity of the laser beam on the basis of the corrected currents, and determines that the light source is degraded if a ratio of the corrected current to the reference current is larger than a predetermined threshold value. |
| US08294742B2 |
Optical printer head and image forming apparatus
An optical printer head comprises a base, a light-emitting device array mounted on the base, a lens array placed above the light-emitting device array; and a support member including a base bonding surface to which the base is bonded and a through hole, an opening of the through hole being positioned at the base bonding surface, wherein the base is bonded to the base bonding surface through an adhesive member and a part of the adhesive member is attached to an inner surface of the through hole. |
| US08294741B2 |
Four color arrangements of emitters for subpixel rendering
Novel three-color and four-color subpixel arrangements and architectures for display and the like are herein disclosed. Novel techniques for subpixel rendering on the above subpixel arrangements are also herein disclosed. |
| US08294740B2 |
Image processor, image display device, image processing method, image display method, and program
An image processor that corrects image signals corresponding to sub-pixels which form one pixel, includes: a shift amount storage section that stores shift amounts of display positions of display sub-pixels corresponding to the sub-pixels which form a display pixel using a predetermined reference position within a display image as a reference position; a frequency analysis section that analyzes a spatial frequency of an input image and outputs an analysis result; and an image signal correcting section that performs correction processing of image signals corresponding to the sub-pixels, which form each pixel of the input image, on the basis of the analysis result and the shift amounts, wherein the image signal correcting section performs different correction processing according to the spatial frequency. |
| US08294739B2 |
Signal conversion circuit and multiple primary color liquid crystal display device with the circuit
In one embodiment of the present invention, a signal conversion circuit is disclosed which is suitably used in a multiprimary liquid crystal display device, and a multiprimary liquid crystal display device having such a signal conversion circuit. A signal conversion circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention is for use in a multiprimary liquid crystal display device, and converts an input video signal to a multiprimary signal corresponding to four or more primary colors. When generating a multiprimary signal for displaying dark skin, the signal conversion circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention applies a conversion to the video signal so that a color difference Δu′v′=((u′−u60′)2+(v′−v60′)2) is 0.03 or less, the color difference Δu′v′ being defined by CIE1976 chromaticity coordinates (u′, v′) representing a chromaticity when the pixel is viewed from the frontal direction and CIE1976 chromaticity coordinates (u60′, v60′) representing a chromaticity when the pixel is viewed from a 60° oblique direction. |
| US08294735B2 |
Method for automatically detecting and adjusting grayscale/white balance of display
A method for automatically detecting and adjusting grayscale/white balance of a display comprises the steps of: detecting a chromaticity coordinate and a brightness of a present white color of the display by a detector; selecting a chromaticity coordinate of three primary colors of red, green, and blue in a known chromaticity space for automatically calculating a present mixing ratio of the three primary colors of red, green, and blue of the present white color of the display according to Grassman's Law of color mixture in colormetry; calculating a desired mixing ratio of three primary colors of red, green, and blue of an ideal white color under a predetermined color temperature; and comparing the present mixing ratio with the desired mixing ratio to obtain a proportion therebetween which is used as a set of gain values of the three primary colors of red, green of the display. |
| US08294733B2 |
Endoscopic image viewing program and method
A computer is caused to perform a process for displaying an endoscopic image, including displaying an endoscopic image on a display, displaying overlay information on the displayed endoscopic image, and changing a position of the displayed overlay information in accordance with a change in the displaying of the endoscopic image. |
| US08294732B2 |
Contextual camera method and apparatus for virtual environments
A computer method and apparatus control virtual environment cameras based on context. Current context is detected in a subject virtual environment. As a function of detected context, a set of predefined camera views is provided and displayed for user selection. Upon user selection of a camera view from the provided and displayed set of predefined camera views, a camera of the subject virtual environment is updated. The camera view is changed to the user selected camera view. There is ongoing detection of context and indicating of candidate camera views based on context, for user selection and update of the camera view. |
| US08294726B2 |
Methods and apparatus for multiple texture map storage and filtering
A method for a computer system including receiving a file comprising textures including a first and a second texture, and metadata, wherein the first texture need not have a predetermined geometric relationship to the second texture, wherein the metadata includes identifiers associated with textures and includes adjacency data, associating the first texture with a first location on an object in response to an identifier associated with the first texture, associating the second texture with a second location on the object in response to an identifier associated with the second texture, determining an edge of the first texture is adjacent to an edge of the second texture in response to the adjacency data, and performing a rendering operation with respect to the first and the second surface on the object to determine rendering data in response to the first texture and to the second texture. |
| US08294725B2 |
Information processing apparatus and display control method
According to one embodiment, an information processing apparatus comprises video memories each corresponding to each of the display devices, a determination module configured to determine whether an access that satisfies conditions preset with respect to display of the display devices exists in at least one of the video memories, and a changing module configured to change, when the determination module determines that the access that satisfies conditions preset with respect to display of the display devices does not exist in at least one of the video memories, an operation state of a display device corresponding to the at least one of the video memories determined that an access does not exist, from a first operation state to a second operation state having a power consumption lower than a power consumption of the first operation state. |
| US08294723B2 |
Hardware-accelerated graphics for web applications using native code modules
Some embodiments provide a system that executes a web application. During operation, the system loads the web application in a web browser and loads a native code module associated with the web application into a secure runtime environment. Next, the system writes a set of rendering commands to a command buffer using the native code module and concurrently reads the rendering commands from the command buffer. Finally, the system renders an image for use by the web application by executing the rendering commands using a graphics-processing unit (GPU). |
| US08294721B2 |
Processor for three dimensional computer graphics
The object of the present invention is to provide a processor that is specifically suitable for three dimensional computer graphics that can handle pluralities of programs by only one processor. The control unit 11 of the processor of the present invention has n units of process controllers 21. The execute unit 13a-13h in the processor has register areas that correspond to the n units of process controllers 21. The present invention can therefore provide a processor that is specifically suitable for three dimensional computer graphics that can handle pluralities of programs by only one processor. |
| US08294718B2 |
Systems and methods for computing a variogram model
Systems and methods for computing a variogram model, which utilize a variogram map and a rose diagram to compute the model. |
| US08294715B2 |
Computer-implemented system and method for generating data graphical displays
A computer-implemented system and method for generating data graphical displays. The data is indicative of a plurality of variables. The system and method receive data that is to be displayed in a non-textual format. Graph style data items are retrieved that contain display characteristics for displaying the data in the non-textual format. The data is displayed in accordance with the graph style data items. |
| US08294710B2 |
Extensible map with pluggable modes
An extensible map module allows facilitates development of new map styles and presentation elements. Projection and presentation functions are at least partially separated, so that new styles or modes can be developed without impacting existing presentation element features. Similarly, new presentation elements can be developed independently from a particular mode or style implementation. |
| US08294709B2 |
Method and apparatus for integrating three-dimensional and two-dimensional monitors with medical diagnostic imaging workstations
A system and method for utilizing a spatial three-dimensional display unit with a medical diagnostic imaging system is disclosed. The medical diagnostic imaging system may be a picture archival communication system. The system may include at least one two-dimensional display unit and an additional spatial three-dimensional display unit. Accordingly a user may view two and three-dimensional images of similar anatomical objects. The two and three-dimensional images may be linked, providing the user with a consistent viewing angle. The system may be used to review a surgical path. The display parameters of a first three-dimensional data set may be mapped to a second three-dimensional data set. The surgical path of the first data set and the second data set may be displayed on spatial display units. Accordingly, the anatomical objects along the surgical path may be viewed at different points in time, for example prior to surgery and after surgery. |
| US08294703B2 |
Organic light emitting diode display and method of driving the same
An organic light emitting diode display includes: a display module including a data driver for supplying data signals to a panel, a scan driver for supplying scan signals to the panel, and a timing driver for controlling the data driver and the scan driver; and a compensation driver for, upon receipt of a termination signal for terminating the display module, during a termination period in which the display module is terminated, setting a compensation period with reference to the driving time of the display module, and supplying a compensation signal to the panel. |
| US08294700B2 |
Display device
Noise on a current to be measured is removed. Horizontal power supply lines (PVDD) are arranged in a horizontal direction and supply a current to pixels in respective corresponding horizontal lines. A switch (8) connects a group of the horizontal power supply lines (PVDD) to a first power supply line (PVDDa) or a second power supply line (PVDDb) disposed outside a pixel region in a switchable manner. Only the horizontal power supply lines (PVDD) in a group to which a pixel to be measured belongs are supplied with power from the second power supply line (PVDDb) so as to measure a current of each pixel in the group, and a current flowing into a power source (PVDDa) connected to a group to which other pixels than the pixel to be measured belong is measured, to thereby calculate a pixel current based on a difference between the two measured currents. |
| US08294699B2 |
Luminescence device, method of driving luminescence device, and method of manufacturing luminescence device
A luminescence device according to the present invention includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a row direction and a column direction. Each pixel includes a luminescence driving transistor, a pixel electrode, a luminescence layer formed above the pixel electrode, and an opposing electrode formed above the luminescence layer. Current supply lines La connect the pixels in the row direction and are arranged to extend in the same direction. Adjoining current supply lines La are electrically connected to each other by a drain electrode of the luminescence driving transistor of the pixel positioned between these current supply lines La. Therefore, adjoining current supply lines La are made to be at the same potential. |
| US08294695B2 |
Display driving apparatus and method thereof
A display driving apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The apparatus includes a memory unit, a compression and decompression unit, a data selection unit, and a display accelerating unit. The memory unit is coupled to the compression and decompression unit and stores only a compressed frame to save memory space in the apparatus. The data selection unit determines whether an error is caused to a frame through data compression and decompression. When the error is greater than a predetermined value, the display accelerating unit turns off an overdriving process upon the pixels to avoid image distortion. The data selection unit also determines whether the frames are static or dynamic in order to determine whether to turn on the overdriving process. |
| US08294693B2 |
Portable input device, method for calibration thereof, and computer readable recording medium storing program for calibration
Provided are a portable input device for inputting coordinates, a method of calibrating the device, and a computer readable recording medium storing a computer program for making a computer perform the method. The portable input device includes two digital cameras, a calibration tool, a storage section, and a controller for calculating coordinates of an object on an input surface based on images taken by the two digital cameras based on images taken by the two digital cameras so as to include the calibration tool. The controller also calibrates positions and widths of a detection band which corresponds to a detection zone defined in a vicinity of the input surface. The positions and the widths of the detection band are stored in the storage section in relationship to positions on the input surface. |
| US08294692B2 |
Optical touch sensing apparatus
The invention discloses an optical touch sensing apparatus applied to a panel. The optical touch sensing apparatus comprises an frame, a first image capturing module, a second image capturing module, and a processing module. The first image capturing module is set at a first position for capturing a first image corresponding to a touch point on the panel; the second image capturing module is set at a second position for capturing a second image corresponding to the touch point. The processing module is used for determining a coordinate of the touch point according to the first image and the second image. |
| US08294687B1 |
False touch filtering for capacitance sensing systems
Apparatuses and methods of false touch filtering are described. One device includes a controller and a capacitance sensing array including multiple sense elements (e.g., intersections of TX and RX electrodes). The controller includes a capacitance sensing circuit coupled to the capacitance sensing array, and a filter circuit coupled to the output of the capacitance sensing circuit. The controller is configured to receive, from the capacitance sensing circuit, data representing capacitances of the sense elements, process the data to identify activated sense elements, and filter the data to remove false touch events based on a spatial relationship of activated sense elements. |
| US08294686B2 |
Unintentional touch rejection
A method for rejecting an unintentional palm touch is disclosed. In at least some embodiments, a touch is detected by a touch-sensitive surface associated with a display. Characteristics of the touch may be used to generate a set of parameters related to the touch. In an embodiment, firmware is used to determine a reliability value for the touch. The reliability value and the location of the touch is provided to a software module. The software module uses the reliability value and an activity context to determine a confidence level of the touch. In an embodiment, the confidence level may include an evaluation of changes in the reliability value over time. If the confidence level for the touch is too low, it may be rejected. |
| US08294683B2 |
Method of processing touch commands and voice commands in parallel in an electronic device supporting speech recognition
A method of processing touch commands and voice commands in parallel in an electronic device supporting speech recognition includes detecting a touch-down event on a touch-sensitive screen of the electronic device when touch input is sensed on the touch-sensitive screen, the touch-sensitive screen displaying one or more soft buttons, each soft button executing a corresponding command upon activation of the soft button. A microphone of the electronic device is activated to receive voice instructions in response to detecting the touch-down event. A touch-up event is detected when touch input is no longer sensed on the touch-sensitive screen, and it is determined whether a voice command was detected in a time period between the touch-down event and the touch-up event. The voice command is then executed if the voice command was detected. |
| US08294680B2 |
System and method for touch-based text entry
An electronic device includes a touch screen that displays a message log containing text of one or more messages that have been transmitted by the electronic device or received by the electronic device, and that displays an input field to show text for a new message undergoing composition. The electronic also includes a control circuit that is configured to receive touch input signals from the touch screen that are indicative of user touch selection of text from the message log, and without additional user input, enter the touch selected text into the input field. |
| US08294677B2 |
Transparent capacitive touch panel and manufacturing method thereof
A transparent capacitive touch panel comprising a transparent substrate, a transparent cover lens and a transparent adhesive layer is provided, wherein a first transparent electrode layer and a second transparent electrode layer are disposed on the transparent cover lens and the transparent substrate respectively. The transparent adhesive layer is used to bind the first transparent electrode layer and second transparent electrode layer in order to combine the transparent cover lens and the transparent substrate disposed in parallel. Thereby, the manufacturing process of the transparent capacitive touch panel is simplified, and the manufacturing cost of the same is lowered. |
| US08294676B2 |
Touch control electronic device and operating method thereof
A method of operating a touch control electronic device includes the steps of: (a) activating a program; (b) detecting a touch signal forming a curve, which includes a first sensing point and a second sensing point; and (c) calculating a distance variation between the first sensing point and the second sensing point with a reference point so as to change an attribute value of the program, wherein the reference point is set according to the curve. |
| US08294674B2 |
Touch panel display device with signal transmission channel
An exemplary touch panel display device (2) includes a display device (26) including a driving chip and a touch panel (20). The touch panel includes a transparent conductive substrate (21) including a first electrode and a second electrode, and a transparent conductive film (22) including a third electrode and a fourth electrode. The four electrodes are connected to the driving chip via a signal transmission channel. |
| US08294673B2 |
Input device that adjusts its operation mode according to its operation direction and a control method thereof
An input device that adjusts its operation mode according to operation directions includes a movement sensing module, an operation direction control unit, a micro-control unit, and a transmission module. The movement sensing module for sensing a plurality of reflection images relative to a light source that is reflected by a reflection surface. Furthermore the movement sensing module obtains a movement displacement amount and a movement direction of the input device according to pattern variations between the reflection images. The operation direction control unit provides an operation direction of the movement sensing module. The micro-control unit converts the movement direction sensed by the movement sensing module according to the operation direction of the movement sensing module. The transmission module transmits the movement displacement amount and the converted movement direction of the input device to a host terminal so as to control a cursor displayed on the host terminal. |
| US08294670B2 |
Optically based input mechanism for a handheld electronic communication device
Handheld electronic communication device is presented and includes a body with a display screen and an optically based user input device. The optically based user input device is a light-transmissive tubular member. The light-transmissive tubular member has an exposed surface and an image sensor. The handheld electronic communication device further includes a microprocessor which is connected between the image sensor and the display screen. The microprocessor is capable of executing a microprocessor-run program, which receives input data representative of cursor guidance instructions from the image sensor and processes the data for output on the display screen. |
| US08294667B2 |
Directional input system with automatic correction
A system associated with a text entry application, such as email or instant messaging, comprises an optional onscreen representation of a circular keyboard, a list of potential linguistic object matches, and a message area where the selected words are entered. The circular keyboard is manipulated via a hardware joystick or game-pad with analog joystick or omni-directional rocker switch built therein. The user points the joystick in the general direction of the desired letter, and then continues pointing roughly to each letter in the desired word. Once all letters have been roughly selected, buttons are used to select a specific word from the list of potential matches and send the selected word to the message area. |
| US08294665B1 |
Area-based data entry
Some embodiments of the present invention provide a system that receives input from a user of a computing device. During operation, the system displays an input region to the user and receives a specification for a subregion of the input region from the user. Next, the system determines an area of the subregion. Finally, the system provides the input to the computing device based on the area of the subregion relative to the area of the input region. |
| US08294662B2 |
Electro-optical device, scan line driving circuit, and electronic apparatus
The object of the present invention is to suppress a high impedance state of scan lines in a case where the scan lines are driven by using a demultiplexer. A logic AND circuit 34 outputs signals resulting from logical product of block selection signals Y-1, Y-2, and Y-3, . . . , and Y-80 and a signal Enb as address signals Ad-1, Ad-2, and Ad-3, . . . , and Ad-80. A demultiplexer 40 distributes address signals Ad-1, Ad-2, Ad-3, . . . , and Ad-80 to scan lines 112 in accordance with selection signals Sel-1, Sel-2, and Sel-3. Drains of TFTs 140 are connected to the scan lines 112. The TFTs 140 are controlled to be turned on/off, for example, by using a signal Sel-all that is a logically inverted signal of the signal Enb, and when the TFTs are turned on, level L is determined. |
| US08294661B2 |
Controlling image display according to a high-luminance reference value and a low-luminance reference value
A projection display unit includes: a light modulation panel which modulates light from a light source in accordance with a given image signal; an iris diaphragm which regulates, by changing a diaphragm diameter, a transmission amount of light modulated by the light modulation panel; a histogram creator which creates a histogram of a luminance signal distribution of the image signal; a histogram analyzer which analyzes the created histogram to specify high-luminance and low-luminance reference values in the histogram; a reference value derivation section which derives a single reference value from both the high-luminance reference value and the low-luminance reference value specified by the histogram analyzer; and an iris controller which determines the diaphragm diameter of the iris diaphragm for the light modulated by the light modulation panel in accordance with the image signal on the basis of the single reference value specified by the reference value derivation section. |
| US08294660B2 |
Blacklight unit and display device including the same
A backlight unit and a display device having a backlight unit are disclosed. The backlight unit includes an LED substrate,. The LED substrate includes a plurality of emission regions. An LED is provided in each emission region. An LED driver drives the LED. An LED controller supplies a dimming control signal to the LED driver. The LED controller is provided on a driving board. A first connection unit is provided in the LED substrate. A second connection unit is provided in the driving board. The second connection unit is capable of coupling with the first connection unit. |
| US08294657B2 |
Liquid crystal display, driving apparatus, digital-analog converter and output voltage amplifier thereof
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, a driving device thereof, a digital to analog converter, and an output voltage amplifying circuit. The present invention provides a liquid crystal display driving device including a reference gray voltage generator for generating a plurality of reference gray voltages, and a data driver for generating a plurality of gray voltages based on the plurality of reference gray voltages and applying a data signal that is generated by selecting a gray voltage corresponding to m-bit video signals applied from the outside from among the plurality of gray voltages to the pixel The data driver includes: a voltage generator for selecting a first gray voltage and a second gray voltage corresponding to bit values of (m−k) bits from among the video signal from among the plurality of gray voltages, and outputting the first and second gray voltages; an output voltage generator for outputting 2k voltages determined as one of the first and second gray voltages corresponding to bit values of k bits from among the video signal; and an output voltage amplifier for generating the data signal by combining the 2k voltages, and applying the data signal to a plurality of pixels. According to the present invention, a liquid crystal display having a small cost and area can be realized. |
| US08294656B2 |
Signal control device, liquid crystal display having the same and signal control method using the same
Disclosed are a signal control device and a liquid crystal display device having the same. The signal control device includes receivers and data storage units. The receivers receive clock signals and data signals through channels. The data storage units are provided according to channels and store the data signals transmitted through corresponding channels. In addition, the data storage units substantially simultaneously output the data signals in synchronization with a specific clock signal selected from the received clock signals received through the channels. |
| US08294654B2 |
Display device and driving method thereof
A display device and driving method are provided. A display device includes a display area that includes a plurality of pixel cells in respective pixel regions defined by a plurality of gate and data lines crossing each other. A data driver is operable to supply data signals to the pixel cells. The pixel cells are connected with the first data line and are divided into a plurality of pixel-cell groups. The data driver is operable to supply the data signal of first polarity to the pixel cells included in the odd-numbered pixel-cell groups, and to supply the data signal of second polarity to the pixel cells included in the even-numbered pixel-cell groups. The first polarity is opposite to the second polarity. A shift register that is operable to drive the gate lines to supply the scan pulses of different amplitudes to neighboring pixel cells included in the different pixel-cell groups. |
| US08294652B2 |
Liquid crystal display panel, common inversion driving method, liquid crystal display device, and liquid crystal display driver
A driving method for driving an LCD panel having a counter electrode and a source line. In a first period, the counter electrode is driven to a potential VCOMH. In a second period, the counter electrode and the source line are short-circuited to a power supply interconnection having a power supply potential VCI. In a third period, the counter electrode is connected to a ground interconnection while the source line is kept to be short-circuited to the power supply interconnection. In a fourth period, the counter electrode is pulled down to a potential VCOML lower than a ground potential In a fifth period, the source line is driven to a potential corresponding to an image data while the counter electrode is kept to the potential VCOML. The electric power consumed in pulling down the counter electrode from a positive potential to a negative potential can be effectively reduced. |
| US08294649B2 |
Driving device for display device and image signal compensating method therefor
A driving device for a display device and a method of compensating an image signal of the display device in which the driving device for a display device having a plurality of pixels includes: a first compensating unit that converts an image signal corresponding to the pixel into a first compensated signal according to a difference between the image signal, and an image signal in a previous frame; a second compensating unit that converts the first compensated signal corresponding to the pixel into first and output image signals; an edge detecting unit that outputs a signal according to whether the pixel exists in an edge region in an image based on a difference between image signals corresponding to peripheral pixels; and a first calculating unit that generates converted signals of the first and second output signals based on the output signal of the edge detecting unit. |
| US08294646B2 |
Display apparatus and automatic adjustment method thereof
A display apparatus includes a photoelectric sensor disposed on an inner side of a frame and located corresponding to a corner of a pixel area of a display panel in a predetermined position. When the display apparatus is turned on, the display panel provides a light spot at a corner of a current pixel area of the display apparatus corresponding to the photoelectric sensor, and a micro-control circuit compares an electronic signal received from the photoelectric sensor with a sample value. If different, an interrupt is triggered to execute a position offsetting interrupt program to adjust the display parameter of the display apparatus, thereby moving the pixel area to adjust the relative position of the light spot and the photoelectric sensor, so that the relative position becomes identical to that when the pixel area of the display panel is in the predetermined position. |
| US08294642B2 |
Display device, picture signal processing method, and program
There is provided a display device including a display unit having pixels, each of which includes a luminescence element that individually becomes luminous depending on a current amount and a pixel circuit for controlling a current applied to the luminescence element according to a voltage signal, where the pixels are arranged in a matrix pattern. The display device includes a luminescence amount regulator for setting a reference duty for regulating a luminescence amount for each one frame, according to the input picture signal, and an adjuster for adjusting an effective duty that regulates, for each one frame, a luminous time for which the luminescence element is luminous, and a gain of the picture signal, based on the reference duty and the input picture signal, so that the luminescence amount is constant before and after adjustment. |
| US08294641B2 |
OLED display device
The invention relates to an active matrix display device comprising a display with a plurality of display pixels, each having a current driven emissive element, a data input for receiving an analogue data signal, at least one drive element connected to a power supply and arranged to drive the current emissive element in accordance with the data signal and selecting means arranged to provide, in response to a select signal, the data signal to the at least one drive element to generate an overall brightness level during a frame period in accordance with the data signal. The device is adapted to divide the frame period in at least a first sub-period during which the emissive element carries a first non-zero current and a second sub-period during which the emissive element carries a second non-zero current, the at least first and second non-zero current yielding the overall brightness level. |
| US08294636B2 |
Plasma display device and method of driving the same
A scan electrode driving circuit applies a rising ramp waveform voltage to scan electrodes (SCN1 to SCNn) to generate a first setup discharge in a first period within a setup period, applies a dropping ramp waveform voltage to the scan electrodes (SCN1 to SCNn) to generate a second setup discharge in a second period following the first period within the setup period, and applies a positive rectangular waveform voltage (Va) and a negative rectangular waveform voltage (Va) to the scan electrodes (SCN1 to SCNn) in a third period following the second period within the setup period. A data electrode driving circuit applies a positive rectangular waveform voltage (Vd) to data electrodes (D1 to Dm) in a period after application of the positive rectangular waveform voltage (Vs) to the scan electrodes (SCN to SCNn) and before application of the negative rectangular waveform voltage (Va) to the scan electrodes (SCN1 to SCNn) in the third period. |
| US08294627B2 |
Microwave alignment apparatus
A microwave alignment apparatus is operable to align an electromagnetic wave in the microwave range. The microwave alignment apparatus includes a focusing device operable to focus the electromagnetic wave. The microwave alignment apparatus also includes a mounting device operable to mount and/or hold the focusing device. The microwave alignment apparatus is formed as a single integral body. |
| US08294621B2 |
Wideband antenna for portable computers
A wideband antenna, for use in portable computers incorporating at least one wireless communication device, with improved radiated antenna efficiency across a broad range of operating frequency bands with minimal additional physical size or cost, is described. In an exemplary embodiment, the wideband antenna is defined by at least a first and second housing, where a first metal structure in at least a first one of the at least a first and second housings is commonly connected to at least two antenna RF feed ports at a boundary of the at least a first and second housing. In a further exemplary embodiment, the device is a portable computer, and the first housing is an upper display housing, the second housing includes a wireless communication device with at least two RF signal paths to at least two antenna RF feed ports, and the second housing further includes a second metal structure commonly connected to at least two antenna RF feed ports of the wideband antenna. |
| US08294620B2 |
Integrated dual-band antenna for laptop applications
Dual-band antennas that are embedded within portable devices such as laptop computers. In one aspect, a dual-band antenna for a portable device (e.g., laptop computer) includes a first element having a resonant frequency in a first frequency band and a second element having a resonant frequency in a second frequency band, wherein the first element is connected to a signal feed, wherein the second element is grounded, and wherein the first and second elements are integrated within a portable device. |
| US08294618B2 |
Multiband antenna
A multiband antenna includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit. The first antenna unit includes a first radio member and a second radio member connected to the first radio member. The second antenna unit includes a third radio member and a fourth radio member connected to the third radio member. The first antenna unit receives/sends wireless signals at relatively higher frequencies; the second antenna unit receives/sends wireless signals at relatively lower frequencies. |
| US08294617B2 |
Location-determining system for radio clients within local-area spaces
Systems, devices, features, and/or methods for determining a location of a mobile device are disclosed. A method may include (a) receiving, into a mobile device, a common RF signal on a common carrier frequency, wherein the common RF signal includes a respective RF signal output by each of three or more transmitters on a common time basis in a round-robin manner, and wherein each of the three or more transmitters is positioned at a known location, (b) capturing data representing the common RF signal, (c) based on the captured data, discriminating between each respective RF signal that forms the received common RF signal, (d) determining a relative phase shift of each respective RF signal, and (e) determining the location of the mobile device based on the determined relative phase shifts and the known locations of the three or more transmitters. |
| US08294616B1 |
Using antennas separated in flight direction to avoid effect of emitter clock drift in geolocation
The location of a land-based radio frequency (RF) emitter is determined from an airborne platform. RF signaling is received from the RF emitter via first and second antennas. In response to the received RF signaling, signal samples for both antennas are produced and processed to determine the location of the RF emitter. |
| US08294610B2 |
Systems and methods for resolving interferometric angle-of-arrival ambiguities due to local multipath reflections
Interferometric angle-of-arrival (AOA) ambiguities due to local multipath reflections are resolved by measuring the received phase differences of one or more pairs of antenna elements of the interferometer array, constructing hypotheses from unwrapped phase pairs that correspond to potential AOA solutions, and selecting the hypothesis that most likely represents the true AOA of the signal emitter based on processed unwrapped data that has been corrected through the application of a priori calibration terms selected on the bases of the candidate hypotheses. |
| US08294609B2 |
System and method for reduction of point of origin errors
A method of using a discriminant analysis and Kalman filter cascade to improve the accuracy of point of origin solutions. Tracking information about a potential target is utilized by an initial discrimination function to classify the target as a projectile. Using that information, the output of a first Kalman filter is fed into an additional discrimination function to further classify the type or sub-class of the projectile. A second Kalman filter can employ type-specific information to obtain a point of origin solution with increased efficiency and accuracy. |
| US08294598B2 |
Electronic apparatus and electronic system
The present invention is an electronic apparatus 100, from which a portable apparatus 10 is detachable, and which includes an information providing portion 200 for providing information to the portable apparatus 10, the electronic apparatus 100 including: a controller 140 which transmits to and receives from the portable apparatus 10 control information through a first communication line L1, and which controls restarting of the information providing portion 200 when the controller 140 receives from the portable apparatus 10 a signal indicating that a function of the information providing portion 200 stops. |
| US08294593B2 |
Method and data processing system for collecting usage data of an on-demand service
A method of collecting usage data of an on-demand service provided to a subscriber is disclosed. The method comprises provisioning of a first manageable resource in order to provide the on-demand service to the subscriber, the first manageable resource being associated with at least a first underlying resource, the first underlying resource comprising a first collector for collecting first usage data of the first underlying resource while the on-demand service is provided. Further, a first metering component is instantiated for the first manageable resource and the first metering component is instructed to initiate the retrieval of the first usage data from the first collector prior to the termination of the first metering component and the de-provisioning of the first manageable resource. Additionally, the retrieved first usage data is stored for further evaluation. |
| US08294591B2 |
Digital signal processing receivers, systems and methods for identifying decoded signals
A digital signal processing receiver, a system and/or a method identifies a decoded signal. The receiver, system and/or method extract at least one sequence of one or more symbols from a digital incoming signal to generate an extracted sequence of symbols. The receiver, system and/or method generate a first result based on a comparison of the extracted sequence of symbols and one or more possible matching digital signals of a set of idealized model data according to a Bayesian probability theory. The receiver, system and/or method generates a second result based on a comparison of an equalized version of the digital incoming signal and the one or more possible matching digital signals. The receiver, system and/or method generates a third result based on a comparison of the extracted sequence of symbols and one or more possible matching digital signals of a modified set of idealized model data. The receiver, system and/or method compare the first, second and third results to determine an idealized result, and identify a decoded signal for the actual incoming signal based on the idealized result. |
| US08294590B2 |
Mechanism for detecting separation of a component from a part and a component carrying such a mechanism
A component (10) of a device, such as a keypad mechanism (10) of a cash dispenser, is provided with a mechanism for detecting separation of the component from another part (16) of the device, for example a front panel (16) of the cash dispenser. The mechanism includes a member (64) moveable between first and second positions, and biasing means (34) to bias the member resiliently in the first position. In use, the member (64) is forced into the second position by contact with the part (16). If the component (10) and the part (16) are separated, the member (64) moves from the second position to the first position. The mechanism also includes a signal means to provide a warning signal when the member (64) moves to the first position. A tube (50) of ceramic material or other hard material is provided to resist ingress of a drill bit to the member (64). |
| US08294582B1 |
Multiple RF-port modulator for RFID tag
Apparatus and systems may include integrated circuits for use with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags having an antenna structure with at least three coupling ends. The integrated circuits may include three or more nodes corresponding respectively to the at least three coupling ends, and a modulator switch to receive a single modulator switching signal input. Methods may include those used to form and operate such circuits. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed. |
| US08294578B2 |
Alarm system and method for detachable electronic device
An alarm system is applied for a computer to warn an owner of an electronic device via a terminal when the electronic device is detached from the computer. The alarm system includes a memory unit and a main controller connected the memory unit. The main unit controller includes a recording unit, a determining unit, and an information obtaining transmitting unit. The recording unit is used to log the electronic device detachably connected to the computer. The determining unit is used to determine whether the electronic device detachably connected to the computer is detached from the computer. The information obtaining transmitting unit is used to read the alarm information from the memory unit when the electronic device is detached from the computer, and transmit the alarm information to the owner' terminal. |
| US08294573B2 |
System and method for optimizing power consumption of container tracking devices through mesh networks
A system of tracking transcontinental shipping containers, which is optimized to conserve the power consumption of tracking devices attached to the containers, is disclosed. The system uses short-range transceiving devices to form a mesh network that includes the tracking devices and a processing device coupled to the shipping vessel, thereby enabling the tracking devices to communicate and update their status without using a long-range or satellite communications adaptors. |
| US08294570B2 |
Burn diagnostic and intervention tool for emergency dispatch
A system and method to assist an emergency medical dispatcher in responding to emergency calls is disclosed. A computer-implemented emergency dispatch protocol is provided that includes interrogatories for a dispatcher to ask a caller to generate an appropriate response. A diagnostic tool is provided to aid a dispatcher in calculating a burn surface area of a patient. The diagnostic tool calculates the burn surface area based on caller relayed information about the areas of the patient's body that are burned. The burn calculation may be based on the Rule of Nines methodology. The diagnostic tool can be launched automatically by the emergency dispatch protocol, or manually as desired by a dispatcher. The diagnostic tool presents a user interface that may provide, among other things, instructions, a visual portrayal of the human body, and input fields. |
| US08294567B1 |
Method and system for fire detection
A method and system are provided, which provides reliable fire detection. In one implementation, the automated system includes a combination of sensors configured to measure various factors associated with a hazard, such as a fire or gas leakage, and generate sensor readings. Factors measured can include smoke, carbon monoxide and heat. The system further includes a detection device that is configured to determine whether a hazard or fire exists by performing a fuzzy analysis of sensor readings. The fuzzy analysis includes categorizing respective sensor readings into fuzzy sets, and determining whether the hazard exists based on a combination of the categorizations. In addition the size and direction of a fire can be determined from multiple sensors. |
| US08294559B2 |
Vehicle control device for emergency control of vehicle
A vehicle control device simplifies input work of a password that puts a vehicle in a usable state, on an emergency occasion, in which a portable equipment (smart key) cannot be used. A system display unit flashes on an emergency occasion when a password is input without the use of the smart key. A hazard switch is operated to enter a character of the password corresponding to a number of times that the system display unit flashes. |
| US08294555B2 |
Communication system for inductive power transfer system
A return communication system and method for an Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) System allows a pick-up device (3) to receive an instruction and supply a load (36) in such a way that a predetermined variation occurs in current in the primary conductive path (2) of the system The variation may be detected and decoded to determine a response from the pick-up to the instruction. |
| US08294553B2 |
Method and system for operation of a movable barrier operator and an audio amplifier
A movable barrier operator system includes a motor that is used to move a movable barrier. The system also includes an audio amplifier device. First power is supplied to the audio amplifier device to thereby render corresponding content locally audible. Information regarding starting of the motor is received and the first power supplied to the audio amplifier device is automatically reduced in response to receiving the information. |
| US08294551B1 |
Systems and methods to deliver information to a member
Systems, methods, and computer-readable media deliver a variety of personalized information to a member of an association. In embodiments, information intended for delivery to a member, with or without request by the member, may be delivered via a television transmission, a telematic transmission to a vehicle, or a read-only memory. A password or biometric may be used to authenticate the intended viewer of the delivered information prior to displaying it. |
| US08294549B2 |
Apparatus for access control and processing
The present invention relates to methods and systems for providing secure access control to a facility. An access control system comprises a scanner located adjacent to a venue entrance. A computer system is coupled to the scanner. The computer system is configured to receive a coded user identification data scanned from an admission ticket from a ticket bearer via the scanner, decode the coded user identification data, and transmit the decoded user identification to a terminal for display to a gate keeper so that the gate keeper can determine whether the ticket bearer is to be admitted. An optional turnstile is coupled to the computer system, wherein the computer system enables the turnstile rotation. |
| US08294546B2 |
Method for manufacturing module with planar coil, and module with planar coil
A method for manufacturing a module including a planar coil, and a module including a planar coil, reduce manufacturing cost and also are able to handle a large current. The method for manufacturing the module including the planar coil includes the steps of providing a second resin layer including a magnetic filler on a first resin layer with a built-in chip-type electronic component; providing a planar coil on the second resin layer; and providing a third resin layer including a non-magnetic property so as to coat the planar coil. |
| US08294537B2 |
Variable resonator, variable bandwidth filter, and electric circuit device
A variable resonator includes a ring-shaped conductor line (2) which is provided on a dielectric substrate (5) and has a circumferential length of a wavelength at a resonance frequency or an integral multiple of the wavelength, and at least two circuit switches (31, 32), wherein the circuit switches (31, 32) have one ends (31) electrically connected to the ring-shaped conductor line (2) and the other ends (32) electrically connected to a ground conductor (4) formed on the dielectric substrate (5), electrical connection/disconnection between the ground conductor (4) and ring-shaped conductor line (2) can be switched, and the one ends (31) of the circuit switches (31, 32) are connected to the ring-shaped conductor line (2) on different portions. |
| US08294534B2 |
Resonator
A resonator comprising a beam formed from a first material having a first Young's modulus and a first temperature coefficient of the first Young's modulus, and a second material having a second Young's modulus and a second temperature coefficient of the second Young's modulus, a sign of the second temperature coefficient being opposite to a sign of the first temperature coefficient at least within operating conditions of the resonator, wherein the ratio of the cross sectional area of the first material to the cross sectional area of the second material varies along the length of the beam, the cross sectional areas being measured substantially perpendicularly to the beam. |
| US08294533B2 |
Power combiners and dividers based on composite right and left handed metamaterial structures
Techniques, apparatus and systems that use composite left and right handed (CRLH) metamaterial structures to combine and divide electromagnetic signals at multiple frequencies. The metamaterial properties permit significant size reduction over a conventional N-way radial power combiner or divider. Dual-band serial power combiners and dividers and single-band and dual-band radial power combiners and dividers are described. |
| US08294532B2 |
Duplex filter comprised of dielectric cores having at least one wall extending above a top surface thereof for isolating through hole resonators
A duplex filter includes a core of dielectric material with top, bottom, and side surfaces, and first and second spaced-apart sets of through-holes extending therethrough. A wall extends outwardly from the top surface to define a peripheral rim and cavity. A pattern of metallized and unmetallized areas are defined on selected core surfaces including strips of metallization on the top surface that extend onto the wall and the peripheral rim thereof to define respective transmit, receive, and antenna connection posts. In one embodiment, the core is made from two separate blocks which have been coupled together to define an interior metallized layer which separates the first and second sets of through-holes and an exterior wall on the top surface separates the respective transmit and receive conductive patterns thereon. |
| US08294526B2 |
Ovenized crystal oscillator assembly
An oscillator assembly includes a substrate having a top surface, a bottom surface, and a plurality of side surfaces. At least one of the side surfaces has at least one castellation which is covered with conductive material and includes a lower end spaced from the bottom surface of the substrate. The space is defined by an elongate groove in the side surface which is devoid of conductive material and extends between the lower end of the castellation and the bottom surface of the substrate to eliminate the risk of a short circuit with any of the connection pads on a customer's motherboard. The oscillator assembly further incorporates an oscillator circuit in which a current limiting resistor is located in series between the power supply and the heater control circuit. |
| US08294525B2 |
Technique for linearizing the voltage-to-frequency response of a VCO
Apparatuses and methods are provided relating to a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) based on current starved inverting delay stages; wherein in each stage a PMOS transistor as header and an NMOS transistor as footer are used with their gate-to-source voltages always equal to analog control voltage. The analog control voltage is also used as the supply voltage of the oscillator. An exemplary apparatus includes a VCO of n stages, where n is an odd number and where each stage includes a current starved inverter where the analog control voltage is also used as the supply voltage of each delay stage. |
| US08294524B2 |
Transversal agile local oscillator synthesizer
A representative integrated circuit comprises a clock signal generator that generates a clock signal, a code pattern generator that generates digital pattern data based on the clock signal, and a transversal digital-to-analog conversion (T-DAC) unit that includes a plurality of registers and a unary modulator (Umod) array. The T-DAC unit provides frequency selection ranges covering wide operational bands based on the digital pattern data and the clock signal. |
| US08294523B2 |
Low distortion cascode amplifier circuit
An audio amplifier circuit has a first cascode stage configured as a voltage gain stage and having an input for an audio signal, and an output. The circuit has a second cascode stage configured as a unity gain or near unity gain stage and having an input to receive an output from the first cascode stage, and a low impedance output to drive an output stage of an audio power amplifier. The first cascode stage has a first, input transistor having an input biased to a predetermined bias voltage, and a second, output transistor arranged to drive the second cascode stage. The first, input transistor of the first cascode stage may have a common-emitter configuration, and the second, output transistor may have a common-base configuration. The invention extends to an audio amplifier which includes a circuit of the invention. |
| US08294521B2 |
Power amplifier having depletion mode high electron mobility transistor
Provided is a power amplifier including: a depletion mode high electron mobility transistor (D-mode HEMT) configured to amplify a signal inputted to a gate terminal and output the amplified signal through a drain terminal; an input matching circuit configured to serially ground the gate terminal; and a DC bias circuit connected between the drain terminal and a ground. Through the foregoing configuration, the HEMT may be biased only by a single DC bias circuit without any biasing means to provide a negative voltage. Also, superior matching characteristic may be provided in various operation frequency bands through a shunt inductor and a choke inductor. |
| US08294519B2 |
Power amplifying apparatus and power amplifying method
A power amplifying apparatus according to an embodiment includes a first amplifying unit having a first amplifying element to amplify an input signal, a second amplifying unit having a second amplifying element to amplify an output signal from the first amplifying unit; and a bias supply unit giving bias values to the first amplifying element and the second amplifying element, respectively, the bias values causing the first amplifying element and the second amplifying element to operate in a non-linear region. |
| US08294516B2 |
Power amplifier pre-distortion
The present invention is directed to systems and methods for reducing the distortion of power amplifiers. In particular, methods and systems are described that enable a determination of a pre-distortion correction signal to be determined, which when added to the nominal signal, a reduction in the distortion of the power amplifier results. In addition, methods and systems are described that enable calibration of individual power amplifiers to be accomplished for use with the above described approach. More specifically, the methods and systems are described for use in a MIMO application. These approaches may be applied to on-chip power amplifiers, off-chip power amplifiers, or any combination thereof. |
| US08294514B2 |
Calibrate output matching for correct output power
A calibration unit calibrates a power amplifier load impedance to achieve a nominal amplifier load impedance after the connection of one or more external elements, e.g., antenna, to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of output power calibration. The calibration unit comprises an adaptive impedance unit and a controller. The adaptive impedance unit includes first and second variable impedance elements connected between the amplifier and the external load, e.g., antenna. The controller independently calibrates the imaginary and real parts of the load impedance by respectively selecting first and second calibration values for the first and second variable impedance elements based on a reference voltage. More particularly, the controller selects calibration values for the first and second variable impedance elements from a plurality of impedance values based on a comparison between a reference voltage and the calibrated voltages produced at the output of the power amplifier responsive to the impedance values. |
| US08294506B2 |
Driving system for switching power supply to reduce switch noise and switching loss
A driving system for an electrical power conversion equipment includes a driving circuit for driving a switching device provided in the electrical power conversion equipment, and a driving capacity control circuit for controlling a driving capacity of the driving circuit. The driving capacity during a resonant operation of the electrical power conversion equipment becomes higher than that at a start of the resonant operation when the switching device is turned-on. |
| US08294505B2 |
Stackable programmable passive device and a testing method
A programmable passive device comprising a first node and a second node. A plurality of passive device elements electrically coupled to the first node. A plurality of switches are electrically coupled to at least the second node and selectively coupled to a number of the plurality of passive device elements to provide the programmable passive device with a pre-determined value. |
| US08294493B2 |
Low-power frequency dividers
A bias-shaping circuit for adjusting power consumption in a frequency divider to a temperature-dependent minimum includes a temperature-dependent bias source for producing a temperature-dependent bias. The bias is combined with an input signal to create an output bias. The output bias changes in response to a change in temperature to compensate for at least a portion of a temperature-induced change in the frequency divider, thereby adjusting power consumption in the frequency divider to a temperature-dependent minimum. |
| US08294491B2 |
High speed flip-flop circuit and configuration method thereof
A high speed flip-flop circuit and a configuration method thereof are provided. A small number of transistors may be used to configure a flip-flop circuit, so that the flip-flop circuit may be operated at a high-speed. Additionally, an area occupied by the flip-flop circuit may be reduced, and power consumption may be reduced. Accordingly, the flip-flop circuit may be integrated together with a microwave frequency integrated circuit using a Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) compound semiconductor process. |
| US08294489B2 |
Programmable logic circuit
A programmable logic circuit includes: an input circuit configured to receive a plurality of input signals; and a programmable cell array including a plurality of unit programmable cells arranged in a matrix form, each of the unit programmable cells including a first memory circuit of resistance change type including a first transistor and a second memory circuit of resistance change type including a second transistor, the first and second memory circuits connected in parallel, each gate of the first transistors on same row respectively receiving one input signal, each gate of the second transistors on same row receiving an inverted signal of the one input signal, output terminals of the first and second memory circuits on same column being connected to a common output line. |
| US08294488B1 |
Programmable impedance element circuits and methods
An integrated circuit may include a plurality of sub bit line groups, each sub bit line group coupled to a different main bit line by a corresponding access device; and a plurality of programmable impedance elements arranged into element groups, each element group being coupled to a corresponding each sub bit line. |
| US08294486B2 |
Repair circuit including repair controller
A repair circuit having a repair controller which is capable of reducing unnecessary current dissipation by interrupting a control operation to redundant cells that are unused for replacement of defective cells is presented. The repair circuit includes a repair controller and a repair signal generator. The repair controller is configured to generate a first drive voltage, a second drive voltage and a repair control signal depending on whether or not a defective cell exists. The repair signal generator driven by the first and second drive voltages in which the repair signal generator is configured to generate a repair signal, for repairing the defective cell, in response to receiving the repair control signal and an external address. |
| US08294481B2 |
Handler
A handler includes a table which supports an electronic device, a socket which is arranged to face the table, and a transport mechanism which transports the electronic device. The transport mechanism includes a contact head having a lead press with a recess for storing the electronic device, and a chuck sleeve which extends through the lead press, is arranged relatively movable from the lead press in a direction in which the chuck sleeve extends, and chucks the electronic device, an elevating mechanism which moves the contact head between the table and the socket, a pivot mechanism which pivots the contact head within the vertical plane, and a control unit which controls chucking and release of the electronic device by the chuck sleeve, and vertical movement and pivot of the contact head. |
| US08294480B2 |
Inspection apparatus having alignment mechanism
An inspection apparatus includes a mounting table movable in X and Y directions and an alignment mechanism which performs an alignment of a target object placed on the mounting table. Further, the alignment mechanism includes an image pickup device which is movable in either one of the X and Y directions and is capable of being stopped at a desired position and a controller for performing a preliminary alignment of the target object by moving the image pickup device and the mounting table in respectively movable directions. |
| US08294479B2 |
Docking drive, locking element, docking system
A docking drive for a testing head comprising a plurality of locking mechanisms (10) each provided with an own locking drive (14, 21-28) comprises a synchronizing device (11, 12, 13) synchronizing the locking drives (14, 21-28) of the locking mechanisms (10). It may comprise a respective trapping device (15a, b) provided in a plurality of locking mechanisms (10) each retaining a locking element (50) to be locked in the respective locking mechanism (10) in a certain position. A locking element (50) of a docking system comprises a base (51), a locking section (55) and a connecting mechanism (52-54) provided between the base (51) and the locking section (55) and being manually releasable without tools. The locking section (55) may be resiliently supported opposite of the base (51). The locking element may comprise a first retaining section (56) for the trapping device (15) and a second retaining section (57) for a locking device (16). |
| US08294478B2 |
Capacitive occupant sensor
A capacitive occupant sensor includes a sensor mat having a base member and a main electrode arranged on the base member. The main electrode has a first electrode, and a second electrode to cover the first electrode. The second electrode is cheaper than the first electrode. The base member is constructed by U-parts, and an opening of the U-part is defined to be surrounded by two extending portions and a bent portion connecting the extending portions. The first electrode is located adjacent to the opening, when the first electrode is patterned on the bent portion. |
| US08294477B2 |
High voltage sensing capacitor and indicator device
A high-voltage sensing capacitor as an interface apparatus that may be used to attach an indicator unit to a high-voltage AC electrical bus and to provide safety to maintenance personnel. The high-impedance nature of the sensing capacitor effectively isolates the indicator unit from the high-voltage source to which it is connected. Multiple electrical phases can be interfaced using a plurality of such sensing capacitors. The sensing capacitor can be directly mounted to a high-voltage busbar. The indicator unit may provide visual and/or audible alerts to maintenance personnel when high voltage conditions are detected on the busbar by the sensing capacitor. The sensing capacitor is comprised of a portable, unitary capacitive structure that includes a molded insulator body encapsulating two electrodes. The electrodes of the capacitor only partially or incompletely overlap within the insulator body. The electrode spacing and configuration is structured to provide a deliberate amount of coupling between the two electrodes in the presence of an AC electric field. Because of rules governing Abstracts, this Abstract should not be used to construe the claims in this patent application. |
| US08294476B2 |
Method of sensor cell timing
A method for measuring values from a sensor cell having the basic structure of an MOS silicone transistor having and including a polymer material therein. The method includes the steps of expelling an analyte from the polymer material, determining a silicon current signature before analyte accumulation in a sensitive response region, introducing analyte into the polymer material, determining the silicon current signature immediately after analyte introduction, determining the organic current signature immediately after analyte introduction, allowing analyte accumulation in the polymer material, determining the silicon current signature after analyte accumulation, determining the organic current signature after analyte accumulation, and determining the silicon current signature after analyte accumulation in sensitive response region. |
| US08294473B2 |
Cable detector
A cable detector includes one or more peak detectors that detect when a termination impedance is missing from the output of a line driver. A peak detection signal is asserted when signals on a transmission line exceed a threshold level. A fault condition is asserted when the peak detection signal is asserted for a sufficient length of time to indicate that an actual fault is detected. The time period required for detecting a lost or missing line termination is longer than the time periods for any one of the pathological conditions to avoid a false positive detection. After the peak detection signal is de-asserted, the fault condition will be maintained until another sufficient length of time has expired without a peak detection. |
| US08294468B2 |
Method and apparatus for well-bore proximity measurement while drilling
A rotating, transversely magnetized, magnet on a drill collar induces magnetization in a casing of a preexisting well. A coil rotating synchronously with the magnet produces a current at twice the frequency of rotation and having an amplitude that depends upon the distance from the magnet to the preexisting well. Alternatively, a variable magnetic field is produced in the casing using a switchable magnet. |
| US08294467B2 |
Imaging using directional resistivity measurements
The present disclosure relates to a method to produce an image of a subsurface formation using directional measurements. A downhole logging tool having one or more transmitters and one or more receivers, and being capable of making directional measurements, is used to measure the voltage in a particular receiver due to a particular transmitter for one or more transmitter/receiver pairs, at least one of those voltage measurements being a directional measurement. The complex (phasor) voltage recorded on a receiver coil is divided by the complex voltage recorded at another reference receiver coil. Alternatively, we can use the ratio of a receiver voltage at a particular rotation angle of the tool divided by the voltage on the same receiver when the tool has rotated by an angle of 180 degrees. The information in those ratios is combined to produce images of the resistivity of the subsurface formation surrounding the tool. |
| US08294465B2 |
Switched mode pre-amplification and am feedback for on-coil switched mode amplifiers in parallel transmission MRI
Example systems, apparatus, circuits, and so on described herein concern parallel transmission in MRI with on-coil current-mode (CMCD) amplifiers. One example apparatus includes switched voltage-mode class D (VMCD) pre-amplifiers. Another example apparatus includes amplitude modulation of the output of the CMCD amplifiers using feedback control based, at least in part, on a comparison of an envelope of transmit coil current to an envelope of an input RF pulse. |
| US08294460B2 |
Local coil arrangement for magnetic resonance applications and patient bed for a magnetic resonance system, with integrated electrical interfaces
A local coil arrangement for magnetic resonance applications has a mechanically dimensionally stable support element that rests on a patient bed so as to transfer the weight of the local coil arrangement to the patient bed. The local coil arrangement has at least one local coil to excite and/or to receive magnetic resonance signals and a multipole, prefabricated electrical interface via which the local coil can be electrically contacted. The electrical interface is arranged so as to be dimensionally stable at the support element. Positioning aids for positioning of local coil arrangement are arranged on the support surface that also transfer the weight of the local coil arrangement is transferred to the patient bed as well as plugging the electrical interface into an electrical counter-interface. |
| US08294453B2 |
Externally reporting branch power monitoring system
A power monitoring system that reduces the need for external power calculation devices while simplifying the configuration of power meters. |
| US08294452B2 |
Arrangement and method for measuring a current flowing in an electrical conductor
An arrangement for measuring a current flowing in an electrical conductor includes a magnetic circuit, for coupling to the electrical conductor, the magnetic circuit has an air gap. A magnetic field-sensitive component that serves for measuring the magnetic field generated by the electrical conductor is situated between the arms of the magnetic circuit. Two control cores are arranged in the air gap of the magnetic circuit. The control cores each include a control winding for magnetically saturating the respective control core and are arranged on both sides of the electrical conductor. |
| US08294451B2 |
Smart sensors for solar panels
A solar panel smart sensor system is disclosed. The sensor system permits solar power system owners and operators to monitor the voltage of individual panels in a solar array. The system uses a low wire-count bus in which the order of sensors on the bus is automatically determined. A novel technique is used to measure DC voltages of panels that may be floating hundreds of volts above ground. Bypass diodes are monitored to detect lost power generation capacity. |
| US08294448B2 |
Semiconductor memory power control system with voltage generator to supply voltage to an internal circuit by boosting an external voltage
A semiconductor device is provides which includes: a first boost circuit that generates a first boost voltage by boosting an external voltage and supplies the first boost voltage to an internal circuit; and a first circuit that supplies the external voltage to an output of the first boost circuit when power is turned on and supplies the first boost voltage to the output of the first boost circuit when the external voltage reaches a given voltage. |
| US08294446B2 |
Switching regulator device and method with adaptive frequency foldback
A device and method for regulating the output of a power circuit is provided, which in one embodiment includes a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) circuit that produces pulses each having a period of at least a minimum duration, a comparator circuit that produces a control signal, a timer initiated at the output of each pulse and operable to expire no later than expiration of twice the minimum pulsewidth duration, and wherein the PWM circuit is operable to reduce the frequency of outputted pulses in response to receiving the control signal having a first state at expiration of the first timer initiated at the output of a first pulse. |
| US08294443B2 |
Overshoot/undershoot elimination for a PWM converter which requires voltage slewing
A level-switching device is coupled to an output node of a PWM converter to switch the output voltage of the PWM converter between two levels by switching a MOS. An undershoot/overshoot eliminator is coupled to the MOS for the MOS changing from totally on state to totally off state or vice versa softly when switching the MOS. The feedback signal transition in the level-switching device becomes slower when switching the MOS to eliminate overshoot/undershoot on the output voltage. |
| US08294438B2 |
Circuit and method for phase shedding with reverse coupled inductor
In some embodiments, a regulator with a reverse coupled inductor is provided. It can operate in both a multi-phase and a phase shed mode. When in the phase shed mode, it has circuitry to provide a low resistance path for induced current. |
| US08294434B2 |
Constant current output control type switching regulator
A constant current output control type switching regulator that reduces the number of parts, resolves the loss of the current running in the resistor, and eliminates the need to change the time constant of the integrator due to changing the inductor value. The switching regulator creates the adjustment reference voltage by multiplying the proportion of Vout/Vin by the reference voltage, and when the clock signal is high, the current sense voltage is sampled when the current of the initial current value runs in the switching transistor, and when the clock signal is low, the potential difference between the adjustment reference voltage and the sampled current sense voltage is added to the adjustment reference voltage and creates the second reference voltage; and with the signal CPOUT controls the operation of the transistors upon execution of PWM control. |
| US08294432B2 |
Power converter
A power converter includes an inverter circuit for superimposing a generated voltage on an AC input voltage, a diode bridge full-wave rectifying circuit connected to the inverter circuit, smoothing capacitors connected between DC output terminals of the rectifying circuit, short-circuit switches connected to the rectifying circuit, a rectification mode changing circuit connected to the rectifying circuit, a short-circuit switch control circuit for maintaining the short-circuit switches in an on state in a short-circuit phase range, a rectification mode control circuit for maintaining the rectification mode changing circuit in an off state in the short-circuit phase range and an inverter control circuit for PWM-controlling the inverter circuit so that an output voltage of the rectifying circuit follows a target output voltage when the rectification mode changing circuit is in the off state. |
| US08294429B2 |
Robust digital voltage regulator
A system and method are disclosed for regulating a generator controlled power signal. An exemplary embodiment of the system may include both a digital voltage regulator and an analog voltage regulator and a selector switch configured to switch modulation control between the digital and analog voltage regulators. A watchdog detection circuit may be included for detecting an upsetting event in the digital voltage regulator and may trigger switching of the generator excitation input voltage modulation from the digital voltage regulator to the analog voltage regulator. An exemplary embodiment of the method may include modulating the generator excitation input voltage using the digital voltage regulator, detecting an occurrence of an upsetting event in the digital voltage regulator, disabling the digital voltage regulator, and switching modulation of the generator excitation input voltage to the analog voltage regulator. |
| US08294425B2 |
Charging apparatus and charge control method
A charging apparatus able to safely and reliably secure capacity is provided. The charging apparatus comprises: a charging current configuration unit that configures a set value for the charging current flowing to the battery; a charging current controller that controls the charging current on the basis of the set value configured by the charging current configuration unit; a cell voltage detector that detects the cell voltages applied to each cell; and a voltage determining unit that determines whether or not at least one of the cell voltages detected by the cell voltage detector has exceeded a threshold voltage. If it is determined by the voltage determining unit that at least one of the cell voltages has exceeded the threshold voltage, then the charging current configuration unit switches the set value to a smaller value. |
| US08294424B2 |
Monitoring battery cell voltage
An apparatus includes battery gauge circuitry implemented on an integrated circuit. The battery gauge circuitry includes a plurality of switches that individually open in response to a voltage reduction on a battery cell associated with a respective one of the switches. The battery gauge circuitry also includes a logic device that determines if at least one of the switches is open. The battery gauge circuitry also includes a register that stores data that indicates if at least one switch is open. The battery gauge circuitry also includes a controller that initiates halting power delivery to a load if at least one of the switches is open. The controller also identifies the open switch. |
| US08294422B2 |
Battery protection circuit device
A protection circuit device for a battery having secondary batteries connected in series. A reference voltage circuit generates a reference voltage and a voltage detection circuit for detecting a voltage of one of the secondary batteries and comparing the detected voltage with the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage circuit to thereby detect an over-charge state and an over-discharge state of the one of the secondary batteries. Each of the reference voltage circuit and the voltage detection circuit has a power supply terminal connected to a positive electrode of the one of the secondary batteries and has a ground terminal connected to a negative electrode of the one of the secondary batteries. A withstand voltage of elements forming the reference voltage circuit and the voltage detection circuit is set to be lower than an overall voltage of the secondary batteries. |
| US08294419B2 |
Electrical powered vehicle
A secondary self-resonant coil is installed at substantially the central region of the bottom face of the vehicle body, receiving electric power from a power feeding apparatus in a non-contact manner by resonating with a primary self-resonant coil of a power feeding apparatus provided external to the vehicle, via an electromagnetic field. In a power reception mode from the power feeding apparatus, high voltage is generated at the wire end of the secondary self-resonant coil, causing generation of a high electric field around the wire end. In order to keep the wire end distant from an ECU that is an electric apparatus located closest to the secondary self-resonant coil, the secondary self-resonant coil is arranged such that the wire end is located at a side (−Y direction) opposite to the side (+Y direction) where the ECU is deviated relative to the bilateral symmetric axis of the vehicle body. |
| US08294418B2 |
Power transfer device and method
The present invention provides a power transfer device for charging a wireless communication device having a communication bandwidth, and an associated method of transferring power. The device and method of the invention use a spread-spectrum technique to reduce or minimize interference signals within the communication bandwidth and within the power transfer device. |
| US08294416B2 |
Method and device for controlling the operating point of a battery
Disclosed is a method for controlling the operating point (AP, AP1, AP2) of a battery (1), such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery or a lithium polymer battery. The charging state (SoC1, SoC2) of the battery (1) is recorded as a state variable which determines the current operating point (AP1, AP2) of the battery (1). The current operating point (AP1, AP2) is set by a corresponding set value (SoCAP1, SoCAP2) for the charging state (SoC1, SoC2) which is continuously adjusted depending on the temperature (T) and/or on the age state (SoH) of the battery. |
| US08294413B2 |
Induction motor control systems and methods
A control system is provided for an inverter assembly associated with an induction motor. The system includes a current determination module configured to generate q- and d-axis current commands based on a torque command. The current determination module is further configured to generate the q-axis current command based on an observed flux linkage and a flux linkage command. The system further includes a motor current control module coupled to the current determination module and configured to generate q- and d-axis voltage commands based on the q- and d-axis current commands generated by the current determination module and a PWM modulator coupled to the motor current control module configured to generate duty cycle signals for operating the inverter assembly based on the q- and d-axis voltage commands generated by the motor current control module. |
| US08294411B2 |
Sensorless induction motor control device having function of correcting slip frequency of motor
A sensorless induction motor control device with a function of correcting a slip frequency wherein a slip frequency estimation unit estimates the slip frequency from at least one kind of current flowing through the motor. A voltage command value calculation unit calculates a D-phase voltage command value and a Q-phase voltage command value which are used for controlling a voltage applied to the motor using a Q-phase current command value calculated based on a difference between a speed estimation value, which is calculated using an estimation value of the slip frequency, and an externally supplied speed command value. An ideal voltage command value determination unit determines an ideal voltage command value using the speed command value and the Q-phase current command value. An actual voltage command value calculation unit calculates an actual voltage command value using the D-phase voltage command value and the Q-phase voltage command value. and A slip frequency correction unit compares the ideal voltage command value with the actual voltage command value and changes the estimation value of the slip frequency to make it smaller if the actual voltage command value is smaller than the ideal voltage command value. |
| US08294404B2 |
Method and arrangement to adjust an air-gap
The electrical machine includes a movable part and a static part. The movable part rotates in relation to the static part around a dedicated rotary axis. An air-gap is located between the rotating and the static part of the machine. A device is positioned and used to measure the spacing of the air-gap. The static part and/or the movable part is coupled with an actuating-unit, which changes the relative position of the static part in relation to the movable part to adjust the spacing of the air-gap. |
| US08294402B2 |
Bridge rectifier circuit
A bridge rectifier circuit, which takes control of a current flowing through an armature winding of a motor-generator and a battery, includes rectifier elements each made of a MOSFET; phase current detection means that detect the amount and the direction of current flowing between the drain and the source of the FET; and a control means that takes on/off control of the FET by applying a control voltage between the gate and the source thereof; wherein when the phase current detection means detect a reverse current flowing through the FET exceeding a first predetermined value, the control means applies a control voltage between the gate and the source of the FET so as to turn on the FET. |
| US08294399B2 |
Motor controller and electric tool having the same
A motor controller comprises a processor selectively outputting an on-signal to either one of an upper arm switching element and a lower arm switching element based upon a detected position by the position sensor, gate drivers inputting a driving voltage to the gates of the switching elements by shifting a level of the on-signal from the processor to the upper arm switching element and a bootstrap capacitor configured to be charged while the upper arm switching element is turned off and to behave as a voltage supply for the gate driver while the upper arm switching element is turned on. The processor is configured to reduce a set duty ratio when the set duty ratio is equal to or larger than a predetermined value (e.g. 80 percents) and a rotational position of the motor does not change for a first predetermined time. This motor controller can prevent the switching element from a burnout even if the motor is locked. |
| US08294391B2 |
Moving body system and method of determining initial position of moving body
In a moving body system, a movable element of a linear motor is provided on a moving body, and stationary elements of the linear motor and position sensors are provided on the ground. The stationary elements are arranged between the position sensors to enable determination of a rough position of the movable element based on a change of inductance resulting from interaction with a magnet array. An initial position of the moving body when a power supply for the moving body system is turned on is determined based on the rough position of the movable element relative to the stationary element and a signal from the position sensor. |
| US08294387B2 |
Backlight device and display device using the same for adjusting color tone of illumination light
A backlight device (2) that emits illumination light toward the exterior includes a white light-emitting diode (4) that emits white light, and a LED lighting circuit (lighting control section) (12) configured to be capable of controlling a lighting drive of the light-emitting diode (4) by using PWM dimming. The LED lighting circuit (12) adjusts a color tone of the illumination light by modifying ON time of a duty ratio by PWM dimming and a value of supply current to be supplied to the light-emitting diode (4). |
| US08294386B2 |
Light emitting device with light emitting cells arrayed
The present invention relates to a light emitting device. The light emitting device according to the present invention comprises a light emitting cell block having a plurality of light emitting cells; and a bridge rectifying circuit connected to input and output terminals of the light emitting cell block, wherein the bridge rectifying circuit includes a plurality of diodes between nodes. In manufacturing an AC light emitting device with a bridge rectifying circuit built therein, the present invention can provide a light emitting device capable of enhancing the reliability and luminance of the light emitting device by setting the size of diodes of the bridge rectifying circuit to be a certain size and controlling the number thereof. |
| US08294384B2 |
Dimming electronic ballast with preheat current control
An electronic ballast is capable of realizing high frequency lighting of a discharge lamp and switching between at least two lighting modes with different light outputs. The ballast includes a preheating circuit having a winding component connected in parallel with a main resonant circuit with a lamp current flowing therein for the discharge lamp. A constant preheating current for the lamp filaments is supplied from a secondary winding of the winding component during lighting of the discharge lamp and a path of a current flowing on a primary winding side of the winding component is switched by a switch according to the lighting mode. |
| US08294380B2 |
Method of forming a flash controller for a camera and structure therefor
In one embodiment, a flash controller for a camera is configured with a plurality of flash control channels that each control a value of a current through a light source. The value and timing of the current is controlled responsively to control words received by the plurality of flash control channels. |
| US08294378B2 |
Controlling a brightness of a lamp
A process for controlling a brightness of a lamp includes, in at least one aspect, detecting input to control a brightness of a fluorescent lamp operated by a driving signal, and in response to detecting the input, modifying the driving signal to control the brightness of the fluorescent lamp, wherein modifying the driving signal comprises alternately applying a first duty cycle and a second duty cycle to the driving signal, wherein the first duty cycle and the second duty cycle are substantially complementary to each other. |
| US08294373B2 |
Illumination apparatus and control device for controlling the illumination apparatus
An illumination apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a power supply unit, a switch unit, a bulb, a wireless unit, and a control unit. The power supply unit is for supplying power. The switch unit is for opening or closing a circuit between the power source unit and the bulb. The wireless unit is for receiving wireless signals from an external control device, and generating a first control signal when receiving the wireless signals. The control unit is for generating a close signal according to the first control signal. The switch unit closes the circuit between the power source unit and the bulb according to the close signal to enable the bulb to keep emitting light; and opens the circuit between the power source unit and the bulb if no receiving the close signal, thereby keeping the bulb extinguishing. A related control device for controlling the apparatus is also provided. |
| US08294371B2 |
LED traffic signal with synchronized power pulse circuit
An improved LED traffic signal is provided. The LED traffic signal suitably includes a housing with an opening, a printed circuit board coupled to the housing, and a power supply system coupled to the printed circuit board. The power supply system includes a power supply module that receives an AC input voltage from an AC input line and transforms the AC input voltage into a DC voltage with a regulated current to power the LED load, and a synchronized power pulse circuit connected to the power supply that generates a synchronized power pulse representing a power consumption substantially equivalent to that of a halogen or incandescent traffic signal. |
| US08294364B2 |
Plasma display panel and method of manufacturing the same
A plasma display panel is disclosed. In one embodiment, the plasma display panel includes a first member, which is a base substrate for forming a phosphor layer, having at least one inclined surface. Also a method of manufacturing the plasma display panel is disclosed. In one embodiment, both the first member and a second member formed on the first member are manufactured using a photolithography method using different exposure masks. Accordingly, the plasma display panel may be manufactured having increased reliability and productivity and a method of manufacturing the plasma display panel is provided. |
| US08294363B2 |
Light-emitting device with improved brightness control and narrow frame and electronic apparatus with the light-emitting device
The invention provides a light-emitting device and an electronic apparatus, which are capable of preventing reduction of the amount of current flowing through light-emitting elements and which have an excellent display characteristic. Cathode wiring lines connected to a cathode are provided to surround an effective area outside the effective area where a plurality of pixels having light-emitting elements are provided. First to third power source lines connected to pixel electrodes are provided between the cathode wiring lines and the effective area. |
| US08294360B2 |
Light-emitting element and display panel
A light-emitting device includes a transparent or semitransparent first electrode, a second electrode that forms a pair with the first electrode and reflects light, and organic semiconductor layers, which include a photoelectric converting layer that emits light by recombining holes removed from one of the first electrode and the second electrode with electrons removed from the other of the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic semiconductor layers include between the first electrode and the photoelectric converting layer a light extraction improving layer, which contains at least silver or gold in part as a component, partially reflects light, and has transparency. |
| US08294357B2 |
Wavelength conversion element and light emitting device
A wavelength conversion element, including: a substrate; and a ceramic layer formed on the substrate, the ceramic layer being obtained by sintering a ceramic precursor; wherein the ceramic precursor is a compound selected from the group composed of alkoxysilane and a compound having a plurality of siloxane structures; a phosphor and particles of an oxide are mixed with the ceramic precursor; the phosphor has particle diameters within a range of from 1 μm to 50 μm and a concentration of the phosphor in the ceramic layer is equal to or more than 40 wt % and less than 95 wt %; and the particles of the oxide have primary particle diameters within a range of from 0.001 μm to 30 μm and a concentration within a range of from 0.5 wt % to 20 wt % in the ceramic layer. |
| US08294356B2 |
Light-emitting element lamp and lighting equipment
The present invention provides a light-emitting element lamp 1 capable of preventing a temperature rise of a substrate 9, on which light-emitting elements 4 are mounted, by effectively utilizing a thermally conductive casing 2 and a thermally conductive cover 5. The light emitting element lamp 1 includes a thermally conductive casing 2, a light source part 3, a thermally conductive cover 5, and an insulative cover 6. The thermally conductive casing 2 includes an irradiation opening 2b, is formed so as to be widened toward the irradiation opening 2b, has its outer circumferential surface exposed outwardly, and has a substrate mounting part 2c secured on its inner circumferential surface. The light source part 3 has a substrate 9 having the light-emitting elements 4 mounted thereon and causes the substrate 9 to be thermally coupled to and attached to the substrate mounting part 2c of the thermally conductive casing 2. The thermally conductive cover 5 is thermally coupled to and connected to the outer circumferential surface of the thermally conductive casing 2 in a surface-contacted state. The insulative cover 6 has one end side thereof connected to the thermally conductive cover 5, and the cap 7 is connected to the other end side thereof. The lighting circuit 12 controls lighting of the light-emitting elements 4 accommodated in the insulative cover 6. |
| US08294348B2 |
Field emission electrode, method of manufacturing the same, and field emission device comprising the same
Provided are a field emission electrode, a method of manufacturing the field emission electrode, and a field emission device including the field emission electrode. The field emission electrode may include a substrate, carbon nanotubes formed on the substrate, and a conductive layer formed on at least a portion of the surface of the substrate. Conductive nanoparticles may be attached to the external walls of the carbon nanotubes. |
| US08294346B2 |
Open-chamber multi-spark plug
An internal combustion engine radio frequency spark plug including two plasma-generating electrodes, separated by an insulator, that constitute respectively an outer shell enclosing the insulator and a central electrode housed in a central bore of the insulator. The spark plug includes a deep opening over the entire circumference of the shell, forming a heat-exchanger chamber inside the spark plug shell, opening outwards. |
| US08294344B2 |
Spark plug and weld metal zone
A spark member (70) is formed by joining a noble metal member (71) and an intermediate member (75) and is provided in a spark discharge gap between a center electrode and a ground electrode (30). A bottom surface (80) of the intermediate member (75) is resistance-welded to an inner surface (33) of the ground electrode (30), and a weld metal zone (73) is formed in the region of joint therebetween. As viewed on the section of the spark member (70) which contains a centerline (Q), the weld metal zone (73) is reliably formed within the range of the length (D) of a columnar portion (76) as measured along a direction orthogonal to the projecting direction of the spark member (70) and has a length (d) of at least 0.1 times (10% of) the length (D). |
| US08294338B2 |
Piezoelectric resonator element with a plurality of grooves, piezoelectric resonator, and acceleration sensor
A piezoelectric resonator element includes: a resonating arm extending in a first direction and cantilever-supported; a base portion cantilever-supporting the resonating arm; and an excitation electrode allowing the resonating arm to perform flexural vibration in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. In the piezoelectric resonator element, the resonating arm includes an adjusting part adjusting rigidity with respect to a bend in a third direction that is orthogonal to the first and second directions. |
| US08294337B2 |
Flexural vibration piece, flexural vibrator, and electronic device
A flexural vibration piece includes a base, and a vibrating arms extending therefrom, each pair of vibrating arms has a first groove formed in the extension direction of the vibrating arm in one main surface following the direction in which the pair of vibrating arms are aligned, and a second groove formed side by side to the first groove in another main surface, the sum of the depths of the first and second groove portions is greater than the interval between the one main surface and the other main surface, and a mass portion is provided on each of the pair of vibrating arms, on the one main surface which is the opening side of the first grooves formed toward the outer sides opposite the inner sides on which the vibrating arms face each other. |
| US08294334B2 |
Ultrasonic motor
In an ultrasonic motor, an elliptical vibration is generated by combining a longitudinal primary resonance vibration resulting from an expansion and a contraction of a vibrator in a direction of a central axis and a torsional secondary resonance vibration or a torsional tertiary resonance vibration resulting from twisting around the central axis. A dimension ratio of a rectangle of the vibrator is chosen such that a resonance frequency of the longitudinal primary resonance vibration and a resonance frequency of the torsional secondary resonance vibration or the torsional tertiary resonance vibration match. The vibrator includes a plurality of regions in a surface orthogonal to the central axis, and deformations of the regions adjacent to each other along the direction of the central axis are mutually different. The vibrator expands and contracts in a direction orthogonal to a polarization direction thereof. |
| US08294331B2 |
Acoustic wave guide device and method for minimizing trimming effects and piston mode instabilities
An acoustic wave device operable as a piston mode wave guide includes electrodes forming an interdigital transducer on a surface of the piezoelectric substrate, wherein each of the plurality of electrodes is defined as having a transversely extending center region and transversely opposing edge regions for guiding an acoustic wave longitudinally through the transducer. A Silicon Oxide overcoat covers the transducer and a Silicon Nitride layer covers the Silicon Oxide overcoat within only the center and edge regions. The thickness of the Silicon Nitride layer is sufficient for providing a frequency modification to the acoustic wave within the center region and is optimized with a positioning of a Titanium strip within each of the opposing edge regions. The Titanium strip reduces the acoustic wave velocity within the edge regions with the velocity in the edge regions being less than the wave velocity within the transducer center region. |
| US08294325B2 |
Stator core for dynamo-electric machine and manufacturing method therefor
A claw-pole type dynamo-electric machine, from which an improvement in productivity of stator winding can be expected, has such as a structure that the whole stator wiring is covered with a magnetic body, and thereby the inductance increases to pose the problem of decreasing a power factor. Disclosed is a stator core of a dynamo-electric machine in which a plurality of stator cores of respective phases are arranged independently in the direction of the rotating shaft of a rotor, the magnetic poles of the stator cores are arranged in the shape of a wave in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft of a rotor, slots extending in the direction of the rotating shaft are formed between respective magnetic poles, and the stator winding can be arranged in a slot formed on the side of the inner end face of the magnetic pole arranged in the shape of a wave and in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. |
| US08294321B2 |
Brushless machine having ferromagnetic side plates and side magnets
An apparatus is provided having a cylindrical stator and a rotor that is spaced from a stator to define an annular primary air gap that receives AC flux from the stator. The rotor has a plurality of longitudinal pole portions disposed parallel to the axis of rotation and alternating in polarity around a circumference of the rotor. Each longitudinal pole portion includes portions of permanent magnet (PM) material and at least one of the longitudinal pole portions has a first end and an opposing second end and a side magnet is disposed adjacent the first end and a side pole is disposed adjacent the second end. |
| US08294316B2 |
Electrical power generation apparatus for contra-rotating open-rotor aircraft propulsion system
An electrical power generation apparatus is embedded in a contra-rotating propulsion system that includes overlapping first and second shafts operatively connected for counter-rotation about a common axis. The electrical power generation apparatus includes a winding mounted to one of the shafts and a field array mounted to the other of the shafts adjacent to the winding. Relative rotation of the winding and the field array induces electrical current in the winding. |
| US08294315B2 |
Inner-rotor brushless motor
An inner-rotor brushless motor includes a holding member configured to hold a stator core. The holding member includes a mounting surface disposed perpendicular to a shaft and brought into contact with a mating member in which the inner-rotor brushless motor is installed; bent portions integrated with the mounting surface, bent upward so as to be substantially perpendicular to the mounting surface, and configured to hold the outer circumferential surface of the stator core; and mounting flanges used for fastening the motor to the mating member. The mounting surface, the bent portions, and the mounting flanges are integrated with each other. |
| US08294310B2 |
Motor with reduction gear mechanism
A motor 10 with reduction gear mechanism has a first worm 15 and a second worm 15′ having mutually opposite screw torsion directions; a first counter gear 30 including a first large-diameter gear 31 meshing with the first worm 15 and a first small-diameter gear 35 rotating as one piece with the first large-diameter gear 31; a second counter gear 30′ including a second large-diameter gear 31′ meshing with the second worm 15′ and a second small-diameter gear 35′ rotating as one piece with the second large-diameter gear 31′; and an output gear 40 meshing with both the small-diameter gears 35, 35′; wherein a first device 50 for applying a force to press the first counter gear 30 towards a gear case 21 is arranged between the tip of the first small-diameter gear 35 and a gear case cover 29, and a second device 50′ for applying a force to press the second counter gear 30′ towards the gear case 21 is arranged between the tip of the second small-diameter gear 35′ and the gear case cover 29. |
| US08294309B2 |
Electrical rotating machine
A direction in which cooling air generated by a cooling fan flows to be discharged is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to a direction in which diffusers are inclined. Thus, airflow resistance is increased by the diffusers, and the cooling air cannot be efficiently discharged from discharge ports provided circumferentially in an outer peripheral portion of a housing. Further, a stator coil cannot be sufficiently cooled. An electrical rotating machine includes: a rotor having a cooling fan on an end face of the rotor; a stator that is arranged opposite the rotor and has a stator coil with a rotation clearance provided between the stator and the rotor; a housing that holds the rotor and the stator; a plurality of intake ports that are provided in a side wall portion of the housing; a plurality of discharge ports that are provided circumferentially in an outer peripheral portion of the housing; and a plurality of diffusers that are provided circumferentially on an inner wall surface of a corner portion of the housing, the diffusers inclining toward the side opposite to a rotational direction of the rotor. |
| US08294307B2 |
Apparatus and method for voltage controlling used in a portable electronic device
An apparatus for voltage controlling used in a portable electronic device includes an HDMI connector, a detector and a voltage selector. The HDMI connector is to establish a connection with an external device. The detector is to detect whether the connection is established by detecting a voltage of a hot plug detect pin of the HDMI connector and to further compare the voltage to a threshold voltage so as to generate a control signal accordingly. The voltage selector is to select one of a first voltage and a second voltage based on the control signal and to further output the selected voltage to a power pin of the HDMI connector. In the apparatus, the control signal orders the voltage selector to select the second voltage if the voltage is not lower than the threshold voltage, and to select the first voltage otherwise. |
| US08294305B1 |
Modular charge close trip device
A modular charge, close, trip device with a charge portion having a charging arm operated by a motor is described herein. A close trip portion can include at least one solenoid that can be mounted on a bracket that can be mounted to a charging arm. The solenoid can have a plunger for engaging buttons on equipment enabling the closing or tripping of switch gear. Magnets can be used to affix the charge portion and the close trip portion to metal surrounding equipment to be charged, closed, or tripped. The modular components can each be operated independently by a remote switch operator, enabling the operator to maintain a position outside an arc flash hazard zone. |
| US08294294B2 |
Snap-mounting type remote control switch with dual function of wired and wireless remote control
A snap-mounting type remote control switch possesses dual function of wired remote control and wireless remote control, which structure at least comprising an electric cable having three sets of leads, and a PC board having a MCU, a RF receiver and a power control circuit; wherein the MCU is for executing control of the power control circuit under wireless remote control mode according to RF control signal(s) received by the RF receiver to enable the power supplied from an electric power source to appear as an output through one or more sets of leads of the electric cable in the form of positive voltage or negative voltage; particularly the snap-mounting type remote control switch being mounted on a control panel of a vehicle is provided for a driver of the vehicle in application of wired or wireless remotely controlling a rotatable lamp fastened on the vehicle to adjust illumination angle in both vertical and horizontal direction. |
| US08294293B2 |
High-voltage electrical component unit for vehicles
Provided is a high-voltage electrical component unit for vehicles, including: an electrical storage device; a power control block disposed above the electrical storage device for controlling input-output power of the electrical storage device; and a power distribution block disposed across both side portions of the electrical storage device and the power control block for electrically connecting the electrical storage device and the power control block, the electrical storage device, the power control block and the power distribution block being fastened to one another, wherein a temporarily fastening section is provided at a separately-provided conductive functional component which electrically connects a connection terminal of the power distribution block and a connection terminal of the power control block, the temporarily fastening section engaging to both the power control block and the power distribution block to hold relative positions thereof. |
| US08294290B2 |
Immersed magnet ring secured to radially outermost ends of hydraulic turbine blades and gap between rotor and stator filled with water
“IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT GENERATOR OF ELECTRICAL POWER”, the invention herein refers to improvements in electrical power generating equipment which, due to the construction adopted, allows simplified maintenance at reduced frequency; in addition to useful application in several types of hydro electrical power plants, namely: micro, mini and small sized hydroelectric power plants. |
| US08294287B2 |
Electrical power generator
Systems and methods are disclosed relating to a system including a launch tube and a generator connected with the launch tube. The generator uses multiphase materials (MPM) and compressed air to convert kinetic energy of the MPM into electrical energy. |
| US08294278B2 |
Methods for pitch reduction
An integrated circuit described herein includes a substrate and a plurality of lines overlying the substrate. The lines define a plurality of first trenches and a plurality of second trenches. The plurality of first trenches extend into the substrate a distance different than that of the plurality of second trenches. Adjacent pairs of lines are separated by a first trench in the plurality of first trenches, and each pair of lines comprises a first line and a second line defining a corresponding second trench in the plurality of second trenches. |
| US08294272B2 |
Power module
A power module includes a pair of power devices that are stacked with a plate-shaped output electrode arranged therebetween, and an N-electrode and a P-electrode that are stacked with the pair of power devices arranged therebetween. The output electrode is anisotropic such that the thermal conductivity in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction is greater than the thermal conductivity in the stacking direction. Also, the output electrode extends in the orthogonal direction from a stacked area where the pair of power devices are stacked. The N-electrode and the P-electrode extend in the orthogonal direction while maintaining an opposing positional relationship. |
| US08294265B1 |
Semiconductor device for improving electrical and mechanical connectivity of conductive pillers and method therefor
A semiconductor device has a semiconductor die having a first surface and a second surface wherein at least one bond pad is formed on the first surface. A passivation layer is formed on the first surface of the semiconductor device, wherein a central area of the at least one bond is exposed. A seed layer is formed on exposed portions of the bond pad and the passivation layer. A conductive pillar is formed on the seed layer. The conductive pillar has a base portion wherein the base portion has a diameter smaller than the seed layer and a stress relief portion extending from a lateral surface of a lower section of the base portion toward distal ends of the seed layer. A solder layer is formed on the conductive pillar. |
| US08294263B2 |
Light-emitting diode packaging structure and module and assembling method thereof
A light-emitting diode packaging structure comprises a light-emitting diode and first and second metal plates on which the light-emitting diode is mounted. The light-emitting diodes includes first and second electrode leads, the second electrode lead having first and second contact surfaces on an outer edge of the second electrode lead. The first metal plate includes at least one clamping portion that clamps and fixes the first electrode lead on the first metal plate. The second metal plate includes at least first and second clamping portions. The first contact surface of the second electrode lead contacts the first clamping portion, and the second contact surface of the second electrode lead contacts the second clamping portion, such that the light-emitting diode is fixed on the second metal plate in at least two dimensions parallel to a primary surface of the second metal plate on which the light-emitting diodes is mounted. |
| US08294262B2 |
LED chip package
A LED chip package including a two-phase-flow heat transfer device, at least one LED chip, a metal lead frame and a package material. The two-phase-flow heat transfer device has at least one flat surface. The LED chip is directly or indirectly bonded or adhered to the flat surface of the two-phase-flow heat transfer device. Heat generated by the LED chip can be easily conducted away from the LED chip by the two-phase-flow heat transfer device such as a heat pipe, a vapor chamber and the like so as to prevent heat from accumulating in the LED chip thereby extending the service duration of the LED chip and to prevent the LED chip from deterioration of the light emitting performance caused by the accumulation of heat. |
| US08294259B2 |
Interconnect pattern for transceiver package
In one embodiment, signaling and ground contacts are located in at least two parallel, rectilinear rows along at least one edge of an interconnect package such as a BGA package. In one row, each of a plurality of ground contacts is located between two pairs of contacts for receiving differential signals. In the second row, each of a plurality of ground contacts is located between two pairs of contacts for transmitting differential signals and the ground contacts in the second row are offset by one column from the ground contacts in the first row. As a result, the ratio of signaling pairs to ground contacts is 2:2. Additional pairs of rows may also be used. In other embodiments, signaling and ground contacts are located in three parallel, rectilinear rows along at least one edge of the package. |
| US08294256B2 |
Chip package structure and method of making the same
Methods and structures related to packaging a chip are disclosed. In one embodiment, a chip package structure includes: (i) a chip having a plurality of first and second contact pads thereon; (ii) a lead frame having a plurality of pins for external connection to the package structure, where the chip is disposed on the lead frame; (iii) a plurality of first bonding wires for connecting the first contact pads to the lead frame; and (iv) a plurality of second bonding wires for connecting the second contact pads to the plurality of pins on the lead frame. |
| US08294255B2 |
Semiconductor package
The semiconductor package includes a printed circuit board, a first semiconductor chip, and a second semiconductor chip. The printed circuit board includes a slot. The first semiconductor chip is mounted on the printed circuit board to cover a first part of the slot. The second semiconductor chip is mounted on the printed circuit board to cover a second part of the slot separate from the first part. The first semiconductor chip is substantially coplanar with the second semiconductor chip. |
| US08294253B2 |
Semiconductor device, electronic device and method of manufacturing semiconductor device, having electronic component, sealing resin and multilayer wiring structure
A semiconductor device includes: an electronic component including an electrode pad forming face on which electrode pads are formed, a back face opposite to the electrode pad forming face; a sealing resin including a first face provided on the electrode pad forming face side and a second face provided on the back face side, and provided around the electronic component to seal up a side face of the electrode component; a multilayer wiring structure which is provided on the first face, and in which insulating layers, a wiring pattern and external connecting pads are stacked on each other; and a conductive member which is provided in a through-hole passing through the sealing resin and the insulating layer. The wiring pattern is directly connected to the electrode pads and the external connecting pads, and includes a wiring provided in the insulating layers. The conductive member is connected to the wiring. |
| US08294252B1 |
Stacked semiconductor substrates
A semiconductor system in a package in which at least first and second semiconductor substrates are mounted one above the other on a package substrate. The first substrate is mounted on the package substrate with its active (or front) side facing the package substrate. A plurality of through-silicon-vias (TSVs) extend through one or more peripheral regions of the first substrate; and a redistribution layer is located on the back side of the first substrate and connected to the TSVs. The second substrate is mounted on the first substrate and electrically connected to circuits in the active side of the first substrate through the redistribution layer and the TSVs. Illustratively, one of the substrates is an FPGA and one or more of the other substrates stores the configuration memory and/or other functional memory for the FPGA. Advantageously, design costs are reduced by using pre-existing designs and modifying them as needed to provide TSVs along the periphery of the circuit. |
| US08294249B2 |
Lead frame package
A lead frame package is disclosed where transmission signals are coupled into a die from a pair of lead frames through bonding wires that are separated by no more than three times a diameter of one of the bonding wires. In some embodiments, pairs of lead frames carrying differential transmission signals can be shielded by adjacent pairs of ground and power leads that are coupled into the die through bonding wires that are also separated by no more than three times a diameter of one of the bonding wires. |
| US08294248B2 |
Chip on leads
Described herein are microelectronic packages including a plurality of bonding fingers and multiple integrated circuit chips, at least one integrated circuit chip being mounted onto the bonding fingers. According to various embodiments of the present invention, mounting the integrated circuit chip onto the bonding fingers may reduce the pin-out count by allowing multiple integrated circuit chips to be interconnected within the same microelectronic package. Other embodiments may be described and claimed. |
| US08294247B2 |
High-power device having thermocouple embedded therein and method for manufacturing the same
Provided is a high-power device having a thermocouple (thermoelectric couple) for measuring the temperature of a transistor constituting a high-power device. The high-power device includes a heating element, a thermocouple formed adjacent to the heating element, and a dielectric body formed between the heating element and the thermocouple. |
| US08294243B2 |
Lateral bipolar transistor with compensated well regions
Conduction between source and drain or emitter and collector regions is an important characteristic in transistor operation, particularly for lateral bipolar transistors. Accordingly, techniques that can facilitate control over this characteristic can mitigate yield loss by promoting the production of transistors that have an increased likelihood of exhibiting desired operational performance. As disclosed herein, well regions are established in a semiconductor substrate to facilitate, among other things, control over the conduction between the source and drain regions of a lateral bipolar transistor, thus mitigating yield loss and other associated fabrication deficiencies. Importantly, an additional mask is not required in establishing the well regions, thus further mitigating (increased) costs associated with promoting desired device performance. |
| US08294240B2 |
Through silicon via with embedded decoupling capacitor
A semiconductor die, having a substrate, includes a through silicon via. The through silicon via includes a decoupling capacitor having a first co-axial conductor, a second co-axial conductor, and a co-axial dielectric separating the first co-axial conductor from the second co-axial conductor. The decoupling capacitor is configured to provide local charge storage for components on the semiconductor die. |
| US08294239B2 |
Effective eFuse structure
An electrically programmable fuse (eFuse) comprises a semiconductor layer, a silicide layer overlying the semiconductor layer, and first and second contact structures electrically coupled to the silicide layer. The first contact structure is configured to function as an anode and the second contact structure is configured to function as a cathode. The eFuse further comprises a back-gate structure disposed underneath the semiconductor layer in a back-gate structure region proximate the second contact structure, the back-gate structure region excluding a region proximate the first contact structure. Responsive to (i) a programming voltage potential supplied between the first and second contact structures and (ii) a voltage potential supplied to the back-gate structure, silicide of the silicide layer operates to migrate, with an enhanced migration, into the semiconductor layer from the cathode to the anode with an absence of silicide residue in at least the back-gate structure region of the semiconductor layer between the first and second contact structures. |
| US08294238B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device with reduced size of peripheral circuit area
A peripheral circuit area is formed around a memory cell array area. The peripheral circuit area has element regions, an element isolation region isolating the element regions, and field-effect transistor formed in each of the element regions and including a gate electrode extending in a channel width direction, on a semiconductor substrate. An end portion and a corner portion of the gate electrode are on the element isolation region. A radius of curvature of the corner portion of the gate electrode is smaller than a length from the end portion of the element region in the channel width direction to the end portion of the gate electrode in the channel width direction, and is less than 85 nm. |
| US08294237B2 |
Semiconductor structural element
The semiconductor component is intended for a sensor, in particular for a pressure sensor or differential pressure sensor, and includes a semiconductor substrate (1) in or on which electronic components (3) are formed and connected. The semiconductor substrate (1) is provided with an electrically insulated layer, and a metal-containing amorphous protective layer is formed from two metal-containing layers which have different chemical compositions and are vapor-deposited in succession. |
| US08294235B2 |
Edge termination with improved breakdown voltage
A MOSFET switch which has a low surface electric field at an edge termination area, and also has increased breakdown voltage. The MOSFET switch has a new edge termination structure employing an N-P-N sandwich structure. The MOSFET switch also has a polysilicon field plate configuration operative to enhance any spreading of any depletion layer located at an edge of a main PN junction of the N-P-N sandwich structure. |
| US08294230B2 |
Surface profile sensor and method for manufacturing the same
A surface profile sensor includes an interlayer insulating film provided with a planarized upper surface formed above a semiconductor substrate, a detection electrode film formed on the interlayer insulating film, an upper insulating film formed on the detection electrode film and the interlayer insulating film and including the surface on which a silicon nitride film is exposed, and a protection insulating film deposited on the upper insulating film and made of a tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) film including a window formed on the detection electrode film. |
| US08294228B2 |
Magnetic tunnel junction having coherent tunneling structure
A magnetic tunnel junction includes an amorphous ferromagnetic reference layer having a first reference layer side and an opposing second reference layer side. The first reference layer side has a greater concentration of boron than the second reference layer side. A magnesium oxide tunnel barrier layer is disposed on the second side of the amorphous ferromagnetic reference layer. The magnesium oxide tunnel barrier layer has a crystal structure. An amorphous ferromagnetic free layer is disposed on the magnesium oxide tunnel barrier layer. |
| US08294226B2 |
Polythiophene-based large surface distributed pressure sensors
The present invention relates to large surface distributed pressure sensors comprising at least two flexible substrates, at least of one of these being entirely or partially coated by a layer of polythiophene containing repetitive structural units with formula (I), wherein R1 and R2 are independently a C1-C12 alkyl group or they form a C1-C12 1,n-alkylene group, with n=1-12, optionally substituted by a C1-C12 alkyl group, C2-C12 alkene, vinylene, benzyl, phenyl group, a halogen atom, or by an ester, amine, amide or ether functional group, optionally substituted by a C1-C12 alkyl group; and one or more insulating spacers. Said sensors are flexible and easy to manufacture and they may present different symmetric, simple or multilayer configurations, as desired. |
| US08294225B2 |
Ultrasonic transducer and manufacturing method
This invention provides a technique whereby, even if a step is produced by splitting a lower electrode into component elements, resistance increase of an upper electrode, damage to a membrane and decrease of dielectric strength between an upper electrode and the lower electrode, are reduced. In an ultrasonic transducer comprising plural lower electrodes, an insulation film covering the lower electrodes, plural hollow parts formed to overlap the lower electrodes on the insulation film, an insulation film filling the gaps among the hollow parts, an insulation film covering the hollow parts and insulation film, plural upper electrodes formed to overlap the hollow parts on the insulation film and plural interconnections joining them, the surfaces of the hollow parts and insulation film are flattened to the same height. |
| US08294224B2 |
Devices and methods to improve carrier mobility
Electronic apparatus and methods of forming the electronic apparatus include a silicon oxynitride layer on a semiconductor device for use in a variety of electronic systems. The silicon oxynitride layer may be structured to control strain in a silicon channel of the semiconductor device to modify carrier mobility in the silicon channel, where the silicon channel is configured to conduct current under appropriate operating conditions of the semiconductor device. |
| US08294221B2 |
Semiconductor memory device
According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of memory cell blocks, a plurality of first wirings, a plurality of second wirings, and a contact. Each of the memory cell blocks includes a plurality of memory cell units. Each of the plurality of memory cell units includes a plurality of memory cells and is provided in a first direction at a prescribed spacing. The plurality of memory cell blocks is arranged in a second direction intersecting with the first direction. The plurality of first wirings extends in the second direction and is provided in the first direction at a prescribed spacing. The plurality of second wirings is provided at least one of above and below the first wiring. The contact is provided at both end portions of the second wiring in the second direction and connects the first wiring to the second wiring. A width dimension of the second wiring along the first direction is larger than a width dimension of the first wiring along the first direction. |
| US08294218B2 |
Method of fabricating an integrated circuit with gate self-protection, and an integrated circuit with gate self-protection
An integrated circuit with gate self-protection comprises a MOS device and a bipolar device, wherein the integrated circuit further comprises a semiconductor layer with electrically active regions in which and on which the MOS device and the bipolar device are formed and electrically inactive regions for isolating the electrically active regions from each other. The MOS device comprises a gate structure and a body contacting structure, wherein the body contacting structure is formed of a base layer deposited in a selected region over an electrically active region of the semiconductor layer, and the body contacting structure is electrically connected with the gate structure. The base layer forming the body contacting structure also forms the base of the bipolar device. The present invention further relates to a method for fabricating such an integrated circuit. |
| US08294217B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of manufacturing semiconductor device
The semiconductor device includes a first transistor including a first impurity layer containing boron or phosphorus, a first epitaxial layer formed above the first impurity layer, a first gate electrode formed above the first epitaxial layer with a first gate insulating film formed therebetween and first source/drain regions, and a second transistor including a second impurity layer containing boron and carbon, or arsenic or antimony, a second epitaxial layer formed above the second impurity layer, a second gate electrode formed above the second epitaxial layer with a second gate insulating film thinner than the first gate insulating film formed therebetween, and second source/drain regions. |
| US08294215B2 |
Low voltage power supply
This invention provides a structure for low-voltage power supply in high-voltage devices or IC's made on a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type. The structure comprises a heavily doped semiconductor region of the first conductivity type between, but not contacted with, two semiconductor regions of the second conductivity type. When the two semiconductor regions of the second conductivity type have reverse-biased voltage with respect to substrate, the depletion region of substrate reaches the heavily doped semiconductor region of the first conductivity type, the heavily doped semiconductor region of the first conductivity type constructs a terminal of low-voltage power supply and any one of the semiconductor region of the second conductivity type constructs another terminal. The heavily doped semiconductor region is used as one terminal of a primary low-voltage power supply and any other region is used as another terminal of it. Thus, the cost of a low-voltage power supply can be reduced and the electrical performances be improved. |
| US08294213B2 |
Semiconductor photodiode device and manufacturing method thereof
A semiconductor photodiode device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first buffer layer containing a material different from that of the semiconductor substrate in a portion thereof, a first semiconductor layer formed above the buffer layer and having a lattice constant different from that of the semiconductor substrate, a second buffer layer formed above the first semiconductor layer and containing an element identical with that of the first semiconductor layer in a portion thereof, and a second semiconductor layer formed above the buffer layer in which a portion of the first semiconductor layer is formed of a plurality of island shape portions each surrounded with an insulating film, and the second buffer layer allows adjacent islands of the first semiconductor layer to coalesce with each other and is in contact with the insulating film. |
| US08294211B2 |
Semiconductor transistor device structure with back side gate contact plugs, and related manufacturing method
A method of fabricating a semiconductor device with back side conductive plugs is provided here. The method begins by forming a gate structure overlying a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. The SOI substrate has a support layer, an insulating layer overlying the support layer, an active semiconductor region overlying the insulating layer, and an isolation region outboard of the active semiconductor region. A first section of the gate structure is formed overlying the isolation region and a second section of the gate structure is formed overlying the active semiconductor region. The method continues by forming source/drain regions in the active semiconductor region, and thereafter removing the support layer from the SOI substrate. Next, the method forms conductive plugs for the gate structure and the source/drain regions, where each of the conductive plugs passes through the insulating layer. |
| US08294210B2 |
High voltage channel diode
A channel diode structure having a drift region and method of forming. A charge balanced channel diode structure having an electrode shield and method of forming. |
| US08294209B2 |
Semiconductor memory device and method of manufacturing the same
A semiconductor memory device includes a plurality of active pillars protruding from a semiconductor substrate, a first gate electrode disposed on at least one sidewall of the active pillar, a first gate insulating layer being disposed between the active pillar and the first gate electrode, a second gate electrode disposed on at least one sidewall of the active pillar over the first gate electrode, a second gate insulating layer being disposed between the active pillar and the second gate electrode, first and second body regions in the active pillar adjacent to respective first and second respective electrodes, and first through third source/drain regions in the active pillar arranged alternately with the first and second body regions. |
| US08294206B2 |
Integrated circuit device and method for its production
An integrated circuit device includes a semiconductor body fitted with a first electrode and a second electrode on opposite surfaces. A control electrode on an insulating layer controls channel regions of body zones for a current flow between the two electrodes. A drift section adjoining the channel regions comprises drift zones and charge compensation zones. A part of the charge compensation zones includes conductively connected charge compensation zones electrically connected to the first electrode. Another part includes nearly-floating charge compensation zones, so that an increased control electrode surface has a monolithically integrated additional capacitance CZGD in a cell region of the semiconductor device. |
| US08294205B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of forming semiconductor device
A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor pillar, a first insulating film covering a side face of the first semiconductor pillar, a first electrode covering the first insulating film, a second semiconductor pillar, a second insulating film covering a side face of the second semiconductor pillar, and a second electrode covering the second insulating film. The top level of the second electrode is higher than the top level of the first electrode. |
| US08294203B2 |
Contacting and filling deep-trench-isolation with tungsten
Electrically isolated, deep trench isolation (DTI) structures, are formed in a wafer, and a portion of the DTI structures are converted to electrically connected structures to provide a shielding function, or to provide connection to deep buried layers. In one aspect, DTI structures include a polysilicon filling over a liner layer disposed on the inner surface of a deep trench, the polysilicon is removed by isotropic etching, and the deep trench is re-filled with a conductive material. Alternatively, the polysilicon filling remains and a contact is formed to provide an electrical connection to the polysilicon. In another aspect, a deep trench is disposed in the wafer such that a lower portion thereof is located within a deep buried layer, and after the polysilicon is removed, an anisotropic etch removes a portion of the deep trench liner from the bottom of the deep trench, thereby allowing a tungsten deposition to make electrical contact with the deep buried layer. |
| US08294201B2 |
High-k gate dielectric and method of manufacture
A device and method of formation are provided for a high-k gate dielectric and gate electrode. The high-k dielectric material is formed, and a silicon-rich film is formed over the high-k dielectric material. The silicon-rich film is then treated through either oxidation or nitridation to reduce the Fermi-level pinning that results from both the bonding of the high-k material to the subsequent gate conductor and also from a lack of oxygen along the interface of the high-k dielectric material and the gate conductor. A conductive material is then formed over the film through a controlled process to create the gate conductor. |
| US08294199B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and method for manufacturing the same
According to one embodiment, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes first and second stacked structures, first and second semiconductor pillars, first and second memory units, and a semiconductor connection portion. The stacked structures include electrode films and first inter-electrode insulating films alternately stacked in a first direction. The second stacked structure is aligned with the first stacked structure in a second direction perpendicular to the first. The first and second semiconductor pillars pierce the first and second stacked structures, respectively. The first and second memory units are provided between the electrode films and the semiconductor pillar, respectively. The semiconductor connection portion connects the first and second semiconductor pillars and includes: an end connection portion; and a first protrusion having a side face continuous with a side face of the first semiconductor pillar. The semiconductor connection portion does not include a portion smaller than a diameter of the first semiconductor pillar. |
| US08294197B2 |
Program/erase schemes for floating gate memory cells
A flash memory cell includes a substrate, a blocking layer over the substrate, a floating gate over the blocking layer, a retention layer over the floating gate, a control gate over the retention layer, a tunneling layer over the control gate, a top gate over the tunneling layer, and a voltage source electrically coupled between the top gate and the control gate. Various charge tunneling mechanisms may be used for charges to tunnel through the retention layer. |
| US08294194B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device and manufacturing method of the same
According to one embodiment, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes memory transistors, an interlayer insulating film, a peripheral transistor and a sidewall. The memory transistors are formed on a semiconductor substrate. Each of the memory transistors includes a first stack gate which includes a floating gate electrode, a second gate insulating film, and a control gate electrode. The interlayer insulating film is formed between the first stack gates. The interlayer insulating film includes a first air gap. The peripheral transistor is formed on the substrate. The peripheral transistor includes a second stack gate which includes a first gate electrode, a third gate insulating film, and a second gate electrode. The sidewall is formed on a side surface of the second stack gate and includes a second air gap. An upper end of the second air gap is located at a position lower than the third gate insulating film. |
| US08294192B2 |
Use of dilute steam ambient for improvement of flash devices
A flash memory integrated circuit and a method for fabricating the same. A gate stack includes an initial oxide layer directly in contact with a silicon layer, defining an oxide-silicon interface therebetween. Additional oxide material is formed substantially uniformly along the oxide-silicon interface. Polysilicon grain boundaries at the interface are thereby passivated after etching. The interface can be formed between a tunnel oxide and a floating gate, and passivating the grain boundaries reduces erase variability. Oxide in an upper storage dielectric layer is enhanced in the dilute steam oxidation. The thin oxide layers serve as diffusion paths to enhance uniform distribution of OH species across the buried interfaces being oxidized. |
| US08294191B2 |
Multi-layer memory device including vertical and U-shape charge storage regions
According to one embodiment, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a first and a second stacked structure, a first and a second semiconductor pillar, a semiconductor connection portion, a first and a second connection portion conductive layer, a first and a second pillar portion memory layer, a first and a second connection portion memory layer. The first and second stacked structures include electrode films and inter-electrode insulating films alternately stacked in a first direction. The second stacked structure is adjacent to the first stacked structure. The first and second semiconductor pillars pierce the first and second stacked structures, respectively. The semiconductor connection portion connects the first and second semiconductor pillars. The first and second pillar portion memory layers are provided between the electrode films and the semiconductor pillar. The first and second connection portion memory layers are provided between the connection portion conductive layers and the semiconductor connection portion. |
| US08294190B2 |
Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same
A semiconductor device including a semiconductor substrate, a tunnel insulation film provided on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, charge trap states at which an electron potential energy is higher than a Fermi level of the semiconductor substrate being provided at part of the tunnel insulation film at least in the vicinity of an interface with the semiconductor substrate, and at least one charge storage layer being provided on the tunnel insulation film, charges supplied from the semiconductor substrate via the tunnel insulation film being accumulated in the charge storage layer. |
| US08294189B2 |
Memory device and fabrication method thereof
A memory device is disclosed, comprising a substrate, and a capacitor with a specific shape along an orientation parallel to a surface of the substrate, wherein the specific shape includes a curved outer edge, a curved inner edge having a positive curvature, a first line and a second line connecting the curved outer edge with the curved inner edge. A word line is coupled to the capacitor. In an embodiment of the invention, the capacitor is a deep trench capacitor with a vertical transistor. In another embodiment of the invention, the capacitor is a stacked capacitor. |
| US08294188B2 |
4 F2 memory cell array
An integrated circuit including a memory cell array comprises active area lines, bitlines, the bitlines being arranged so that an individual one intersects a plurality of the active area lines to form bitline-contacts, respectively, the bitlines being arranged at a bitline pitch, wordlines being arranged so that an individual one of the wordlines intersects a plurality of the active area lines, and an individual one of the wordlines intersects a plurality of the bitlines, the wordlines being arranged at a wordline pitch, wherein neighboring bitline-contacts, each of which is connected to one of the active area lines, are connected with different bitlines, and the bitline pitch is different from the wordline pitch. |
| US08294185B2 |
Solid-state imaging device
A solid-state imaging device includes: a photoelectric conversion portion that receives an incident light from a back surface side of a silicon layer to perform photoelectric conversion on the incident light; and a pixel transistor portion that outputs signal charges generated in the photoelectric conversion portion towards a front surface side of the silicon layer, wherein a gettering layer having internal stress is provided on the front surface side of the silicon layer at a position to overlap the photoelectric conversion portion on a plan view layout thereof. |
| US08294183B2 |
Semiconductor substrate, method of fabricating the same, semiconductor device, and method of fabricating the same
The present invention provides a fabrication method of a semiconductor substrate, by which a planar GaN substrate that is easily separated can be fabricated on a heterogeneous substrate, and a semiconductor device which is fabricated using the GaN substrate. The semiconductor substrate comprises a substrate, a first semiconductor layer arranged on the substrate, a metallic material layer arranged on the first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer arranged on the first semiconductor layer and the metallic material layer, and voids formed in the first semiconductor layer under the metallic material layer. |
| US08294179B1 |
Optical device structure using GaN substrates and growth structures for laser applications
An optical device has a structured active region configured for selected wavelengths of light emissions. |
| US08294178B2 |
Light emitting device using compound semiconductor
There is provided a light emitting device using a compound semiconductor, which can improve electrical characteristics and internal quantum efficiency by maximizing the recombination rate of electrons and holes in an active layer. The light emitting device using a compound semiconductor includes a substrate; a compound semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, the compound semiconductor layer comprising an active layer; and a current spreading layer formed on at least one of the top and bottom surfaces of the active layer, the current spreading layer allowing electrons or holes to be uniformly spread into the active layer. |
| US08294177B2 |
Light emitting device utilizing a LED chip
A light emitting device (1) includes a LED chip (10) as well as a mounting substrate (20) on which the LED chip (10) is mounted. Further, the light emitting device (1) includes a cover member (60) and a color conversion layer (70). The cover member (60) is formed to have a dome shape and is made of a translucency inorganic material. The color conversion layer (70) is formed to have a dome shape and is made of a translucency material (such as, a silicone resin) including a fluorescent material excited by light emitted from the LED chip (10) and emitting light longer in wavelength than the light emitted from the LED chip (10). The cover member (60) is attached to the mounting substrate (20) such that there is an air layer (80) between the cover member (60) and the mounting substrate (20). The color conversion layer (70) is superposed on a light-incoming surface or a light-outgoing surface of the cover member (60). |
| US08294172B2 |
Method of fabricating vertical devices using a metal support film
A method of fabricating semiconductor devices, such as GaN LEDs, on insulating substrates, such as sapphire. Semiconductor layers are produced on the insulating substrate using normal techniques. Trenches that define the boundaries of the individual devices are formed through the semiconductor layers and into the insulating substrate, beneficially by inductive coupled plasma reactive ion etching. A first support structure is attached to the semiconductor layers. The hard substrate is then removed, beneficially by laser lift off. A second supporting structure, preferably conductive, is substituted for the hard substrate and the first supporting structure is removed. Individual devices are then diced, beneficially by etching through the second supporting structure. A protective photo-resist layer can protect the semiconductor layers from the attachment of the first support structure. A conductive bottom contact (possibly reflective) can be inserted between the second supporting structure and the semiconductor layers. |
| US08294170B2 |
Light emitting device and method of fabricating the same
Disclosed are a light emitting device and a method of fabricating the same. The light emitting device includes a substrate; first and second light emitting cells, each including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer; and a connector located between the first and second light emitting cells and the substrate, to electrically connect the first and second light emitting cells to each other. The connector extends from the second semiconductor layer of the first light emitting cell, across the substrate, and through central regions of the second semiconductor layer and active layer of the second light emitting cells, to contact the first semiconductor layer of the second light emitting cell. |
| US08294169B2 |
Light-emitting diode
This invention provides a light-emitting diode (LED). The LED is electrically connected with a circuit board. The LED includes a light-emitting chip, an encapsulating element, a lead, and a heat insulating element. The encapsulating element encapsulates the light-emitting chip. The lead is coupled with the light-emitting chip and the circuit board. The lead and the encapsulating element form a first connecting place. The lead and the circuit board form a second connecting place. The heat insulating element is disposed between the first connecting place and the second connecting place. |
| US08294168B2 |
Light source module using quantum dots, backlight unit employing the light source module, display apparatus, and illumination apparatus
A light source module using quantum dots, a backlight unit employing the light source module, a display apparatus, and an illumination apparatus. The light source module includes a light emitting device package including a plurality of light emitting device chips, and a quantum dot sealing package disposed on the light emitting device package in a light emitting direction, and converts wavelengths of light emitted from the light emitting device chips to generate wavelength-converted light. |
| US08294166B2 |
Transparent light emitting diodes
A transparent light emitting diode (LED) includes a plurality of III-nitride layers, including an active region that emits light, wherein all of the layers except for the active region are transparent for an emission wavelength of the light, such that the light is extracted effectively through all of the layers and in multiple directions through the layers. Moreover, the surface of one or more of the III-nitride layers may be roughened, textured, patterned or shaped to enhance light extraction. |
| US08294164B2 |
Light-emitting device using clad layer consisting of asymmetrical units
The present invention relates to a light-emitting device using a clad layer consisting of asymmetric units, wherein the clad layer is provided by repeatedly stacking a unit having an asymmetric energy bandgap on upper and lower portions of an active layer, and the inflow of both electrons and holes into the active layer is arbitrarily controlled through the clad layer, so that the internal quantum efficiency can be improved. The light-emitting device using the clad layer consisting of the asymmetric units according to the present invention is characterized in that the clad layer is provided on at least one of the upper and lower portions of the active layer and consists of one or plural units, wherein the unit has a structure in which the first to nth unit layers (n is a natural number equal to or greater than three) having different energy bandgaps are sequentially stacked and has an asymmetric energy band diagram. |
| US08294163B2 |
Optoelectronic component with three-dimension quantum well structure and method for producing the same
An optoelectronic component with three-dimension quantum well structure and a method for producing the same are provided, wherein the optoelectronic component comprises a substrate, a first semiconductor layer, a transition layer, and a quantum well structure. The first semiconductor layer is disposed on the substrate. The transition layer is grown on the first semiconductor layer, contains a first nitride compound semiconductor material, and has at least a texture, wherein the texture has at least a first protrusion with at least an inclined facet, at least a first trench with at least an inclined facet and at least a shoulder facet connected between the inclined facets. The quantum well structure is grown on the texture and shaped by the protrusion, the trench and the shoulder facet. |
| US08294162B2 |
LED device and LED lighting apparatus
An LED device and an LED lighting apparatus using the same can include a casing including a cavity and at least one pair of LED chips including a first and second LED chips. The LED chips can be adjacently located in the cavity, and an encapsulating resin including a phosphor can be disposed in the cavity so as to encapsulate the LED chips. A light-emitting surface of the first LED chip can be covered with a transparent resin, and therefore color temperatures of light emitted from the first and second LED chips can be located on a substantially black body due to a difference between their distances to the encapsulating resin. Thus, the LED lighting apparatus using the LED device can selectively emit white light having a preferable color temperature that is close to a natural color between the color temperatures by adjusting current applied to the LED chips. |
| US08294150B2 |
Panel structure including transistor and connecting elements, display device including the same, and methods of manufacturing panel structure and display device
Provided may be a panel structure, a display device including the panel structure, and methods of manufacturing the panel structure and the display device. Via holes for connecting elements of the panel structure may be formed by performing one process. For example, via holes for connecting a transistor and a conductive layer spaced apart from the transistor may be formed by performing only one process. |
| US08294148B2 |
Thin film transistors using thin film semiconductor materials
The present invention generally comprises TFTs having semiconductor material comprising oxygen, nitrogen, and one or more element selected from the group consisting of zinc, tin, gallium, cadmium, and indium as the active channel. The semiconductor material may be used in bottom gate TFTs, top gate TFTs, and other types of TFTs. The TFTs may be patterned by etching to create both the channel and the metal electrodes. Then, the source-drain electrodes may be defined by dry etching using the semiconductor material as an etch stop layer. The active layer carrier concentration, mobility, and interface with other layers of the TFT can be tuned to predetermined values. The tuning may be accomplished by changing the nitrogen containing gas to oxygen containing gas flow ratio, annealing and/or plasma treating the deposited semiconductor film, or changing the concentration of aluminum doping. |
| US08294145B1 |
Organic light emitting diode device
An organic light emitting diode device is disclosed. The organic light emitting diode device includes a substrate, a first electrode layer, a first insulating layer, at least one controlling electrode layer, a second insulating layer, at least one light emitting layer, a third insulating layer, and a second electrode layer. The first electrode layer is formed on the substrate and includes a first area and a second area adjacent to the first area. The first insulating layer, the controlling electrode layer, and the second insulating layer are sequentially formed on the first area. The light emitting layer is formed on the second area. The second electrode layer is formed on the light emitting layer. In the present invention, the controlling electrode layer controls a recombination region of electron-hole pair so as to achieve an objective of adjusting a color temperature. |
| US08294144B2 |
Organic transistor
In order to attain high mobility, large on/off current ratio and excellent storage stability to organic transistor comprising an organic semiconductor layer, the organic semiconductor layer comprises at least one compound represented by the general formula (1): (wherein each of X1 to X4 represents independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a straight, branched or cyclic alkyl group, a straight, branched or cyclic alkoxy group, a straight, branched or cyclic alkoxyalkyl group, or an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group, A represents an unsubstituted or substituted thiophene ring, B represents an unsubstituted or substituted benzene ring, or an unsubstituted or substituted thiophene ring). |
| US08294137B2 |
Twin-drain spatial wavefunction switched field-effect transistors
A field-effect transistor is provided and includes source, gate and drain regions, where the gate region controls charge carrier location in the transport channel, the transport channel includes a asymmetric coupled quantum well layer, the asymmetric quantum well layer includes at least two quantum wells separated by a barrier layer having a greater energy gap than the wells, the transport channel is connected to the source region at one end, and the drain regions at the other, the drain regions include at least two contacts electrically isolated from each other, the contacts are connected to at least one quantum well. The drain may include two regions that are configured to form the asymmetric coupled well transport channel. In an embodiment, two sources and two drains are also envisioned. |
| US08294136B2 |
Nitride-based semiconductor light emitting element
The purpose of the present invention is to obtain a nitride-based semiconductor light emitting element capable of improving light emission efficiency by reducing sheet resistance and a forward voltage of a translucent electrode including indium cerium oxide. The nitride-based semiconductor light emitting element of the present invention is has a translucent electrode including indium cerium oxide; and cerium oxide is contained in a ratio of 10 to 20 wt % with respect to a whole of the indium cerium oxide. |
| US08294130B2 |
Methods and systems for optimizing the alignment of optical packages
A method for optimizing the alignment of an optical package includes directing a beam spot of a laser along a folded optical path and onto a waveguide portion of a wavelength conversion. The output intensity of the wavelength conversion device is measured as a position of an adjustable optical component is adjusted about a first scanning axis and a second scanning axis thereby traversing the beam spot along a first and second scan lines on the waveguide portion of the wavelength conversion device. The change in the output intensity of the wavelength conversion device is then determined based on the adjusted position of the adjustable optical component. The adjustable optical component is then positioned on the first scanning axis and the second scanning axis based on the determined changes in the output intensity of the wavelength conversion device such that the output intensity of the wavelength conversion device is maximized. |
| US08294126B2 |
Apparatus for sterilising containers
An apparatus (1) for sterilizing containers (10), comprising a treatment head (5) which has an exit window (8) through which charge carriers can pass, comprising a charge carrier generation source which generates charge carriers, and comprising an acceleration device (6) which accelerates the charge carriers in the direction of the exit window (8). According to the invention, the cross section of the treatment head (5) is dimensioned such that the treatment head (5) can be guided through the mouth of the container (10), and the acceleration device (6) accelerates the charge carriers in such a way that the charge carriers exiting from the exit window (8) can be aimed preferably directly onto an inner wall (15) of the container (10). |
| US08294125B2 |
High-sensitivity and high-throughput electron beam inspection column enabled by adjustable beam-limiting aperture
One embodiment relates to an electron-beam apparatus for defect inspection and/or review of substrates or for measuring critical dimensions of features on substrates. The apparatus includes an electron gun and an electron column. The electron gun includes an electron source configured to generate electrons for an electron beam and an adjustable beam-limiting aperture which is configured to select and use one aperture size from a range of aperture sizes. Another embodiment relates to providing an electron beam in an apparatus. Advantageously, the disclosed apparatus and methods reduce spot blur while maintaining a high beam current so as to obtain both high sensitivity and high throughput. |
| US08294121B2 |
Fixing instrument
Fixtures according to the present invention include fixing surfaces in the same shape as end surfaces of a device under test which is to be measured while an electromagnetic wave to be measured at a frequency equal to more than 0.01 [THz] and equal to or less than 100 [THz] is irradiated on the device under test. The end surfaces are fixed to the fixing surfaces. When a refractive index of the fixtures is n0, and a refractive index of the device under test is n1, a relationship n1−0.1≦n0≦n1+0.1 holds. The fixtures do not cover a side surface of the device under test. The fixtures are rotated about a straight line orthogonal to the fixing surfaces as a rotational axis. |
| US08294119B2 |
Planar electronebulization sources modeled on a calligraphy pen and the production thereof
The invention concerns an electrospray source having a structure comprising at least one flat and thin tip (3) in cantilever in relation to the rest (1) of the structure, the tip (3) being provided with a capillary slot (5) formed through the complete thickness of the tip and which ends up at the end (6) of the tip (3) to form an ejection orifice of the electrospray source, the source comprising means of supplying (4) the capillary slot (5) with liquid to be nebulised and means of applying an electrospray voltage to the liquid.The invention further concerns a method of manufacturing said electrospray source. |
| US08294110B2 |
Method for improved correction of SiPM non-linearity in multiplexed radiation detectors
A system and method for determining correction factors used to determine energy of an event detected by a gamma ray detector having nonlinear photosensors arranged over a scintillation array of crystal elements, the gamma ray detector using optical multiplexing or analog electronic multiplexing. The method includes acquiring, for each nonlinear photosensor, a signal value generated by the nonlinear photosensor in response to receiving scintillation light emitted by a crystal in the array of crystal elements in response to arrival of a gamma ray; and determining a relative position of the event, the relative position being one of a predetermined number of cell locations, the predetermined number of cell locations being greater than a number of crystal elements in the array of crystal elements; and determining, for each cell location, a correction factor based on an average total signal value and a predetermined energy value of the gamma ray. |
| US08294106B2 |
Terahertz antenna module
In a terahertz antenna module 1, a photoconductive antenna element 17 is fixed to a wiring board 9, and electrically connected to an electric signal input/output pin 24 of an electric signal input/output port 23 via a signal electrode of the wiring board 9. Further, a buffer member 7, a hemispherical lens 8, a photoconductive antenna element 17, and the wiring board 9 are disposed in a recess 3 of a container 2 in this order from an opening 6 side of the container 2, and by attaching a cover 25 to the container 2, the wiring board 9, the photoconductive antenna element 17, and the hemispherical lens 8 are pressed against the buffer member 7. Further, the wiring board 9 is positioned by the recess 4 and the hemispherical lens 8 is positioned by the buffer member 7 so that the optical axis OA of the hemispherical lens 8 passes just through a photoconductive antenna part of the photoconductive antenna element 17. |
| US08294104B2 |
System for detecting and locating water in a sandwich-type structure for aircrafts
A system for detecting and locating water in a sandwich-type structure for aircrafts, the system including means for heating the water contained in an intermediate layer of the sandwich-type structure, and means for recording at least one image of a surface of the sandwich-type structure, the image showing particular regions of the surface, corresponding to the presence of water in the intermediate layer. The means for heating the water include a device for emitting microwaves inside the sandwich-type structure, at a frequency essentially equal to the resonance frequency of the water molecules. The invention also relates to a method implemented by the system. |
| US08294101B2 |
Net solar radiometer with thermally balanced spectral response
Disclosed is a net radiometer that measures the net difference between incoming solar and outgoing terrestrial radiant flux energy in the combined short-wave and long-wave far infrared spectral range. In accordance with principles of the invention, a balanced net radiometer can be constructed where each thermal absorber is formed from two separate pieces joined together to form a single thermal mass. Within each thermal absorber, each piece is coated with a separate surface coating of different spectral sensitivity. By constructing an absorber from two separate pieces, it is possible to apply spectral coatings with different curing characteristics, to thermal absorber that acts as a single thermal mass. The pieces within each thermal absorber are sized in a proportion that thermally balances the absorber's thermal sensitivity between short-wave and long-wave far infrared radiant energy. |
| US08294100B2 |
Imaging apparatus and methods
Imagers, pixels, and methods of using the same are disclosed for imaging in various spectra, such as visible, near infrared (IR), and short wavelength IR (SWIR). The imager may have an imaging array having pixels of different types. The different types of pixels may detect different ranges of wavelengths in the IR, or the SWIR, spectra. The pixels may include a filter which blocks some wavelengths of radiation in the IR spectrum while passing other wavelengths. The filter may be formed of a semiconductor material, and therefore may be easily integrated with a CMOS pixel using conventional CMOS processing techniques. |
| US08294099B2 |
On-wafer butted microbolometer imaging array
An apparatus and method for assembling a large microbolometer infrared imaging array from sub-arrays, including the step of forming a sub-array assembly of independent imaging arrays on the silicon wafer as the imaging sensor is being processed, whereby seams or gaps in a resulting image are avoided. |
| US08294098B2 |
Transmission electron microscope micro-grid
A transmission electron microscope (TEM) micro-grid includes a grid, a carbon nanotube film structure and two electrodes electrically connected to the carbon nanotube film structure. |
| US08294094B1 |
Method and apparatus for reducing substrate edge effect during inspection
An apparatus and method are introduced in this invention to reduce the edge effect of a substrate that causes image variation or distortion due to applied substrate bias. An edge plate with an edge effect eliminator are provided such that substrate is inspected by a charged particle beam can capture images without distortion at substrate edge. |
| US08294091B2 |
Methods and apparatus for performing gas and liquid mass spectrometry
Embodiments of the present invention feature devices and methods for performing gas chromatography and liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The device and method feature a removable housing which housing contains the gas samples when the mass spectrometry receives gas samples. The device fits an atmospheric pressure ionization housing and upon removal, the atmospheric pressure ionization housing receives liquid samples. |
| US08294090B1 |
Substrate for MALDI-TOF MS and mass spectrometry method using the same
Disclosed is a MALDI-TOF MS plate with which mass spectrometry may be performed with high reproducibility, and mass spectrum may easily be obtained even when the sample is a macromolecular substance such as a protein or nucleic acid, as well as mass spectrometry by MALDI-TOF MS using the plate. The MALDI-TOF MS plate has nanodot regions having a surface formed of a material which easily adsorbs nucleic acids and/or proteins, to which regions a test sample is attached. The mass spectrometry of a nucleic acid or protein is carried out by performing MALDI-TOF MS using this plate and using the nucleic acid or protein as a test sample. |
| US08294088B2 |
Gas electron multiplier detector
A mass spectrometer is disclosed comprising a Gas Electron Multiplier ion detector. The ion detector comprises three gas electron multiplier stages GEM1, GEM2, GEM3 wherein a counter electrode (12) is arranged adjacent the first electron multiplier stage GEM1. |
| US08294087B2 |
Mechanical holder for surface analysis
A mechanical holder that provides for a confined sampling region for extraction and removal of chemical substances contained in a dried blood spot or other spot of sample is described herein. |
| US08294086B2 |
Multiplexing daughter ion spectrum acquisition from MALDI ionization
The invention relates to the measurement of daughter ion spectra of analyte substances that are ionized by means of matrix-assisted laser desorption. The invention shows how to record several daughter ion spectra from several parent ions per single pulse of laser light, that is per desorption event, by spatially splitting the ion beams or by temporally sequencing the spectral measurement; the various parent ions are selected one after another by switching the parent ion selector several times. Summing up corresponding individual daughter ion spectra from many pulses of laser light leads to several sum spectra being recorded practically synchronously with the same series of laser light pulses, with correspondingly reduced sample consumption and shortened data acquisition time. |
| US08294085B2 |
Mass spectrometric analyzer
A mass spectrometric analyzer and an analysis method based on the detection of ion image current are provided. The method in one embodiment includes using electrostatic reflectors or electrostatic deflectors to enable pulsed ions to move periodically for multiple times in the analyzer, forming time focusing in a portion of the ion flight region thereof, and forming an confined ion beam in space; enabling the ion beam to pass through multiple tubular image current detectors arranged in series along an axial direction of the ion beam periodically, using a low-noise electronic amplification device to detect image currents picked up by the multiple tubular detectors differentially, and using a data conversion method, such as a least square regression, to acquire a mass spectrum. |
| US08294082B2 |
Probe with a virtual marker
A probe for use in a coordinate digitizing system includes an indicator, such as a pointing tip or crosshairs, and a marker, the location of which can be determined by a marker tracking system relative to a coordinate system. The probe is configured to effectively place the marker's virtual image—as seen by the tracker—at the same location as the indicator without blocking a user's view of the indicator. |
| US08294080B2 |
Viewing apparatus capable of moving a subject within the field of view of the center of the viewed image
A viewing apparatus comprises one or more optical elements, which may be moved in order to redirect light entering the viewing apparatus such that a subject in any part of the field of view may be relocated to the center of the viewed image without moving the viewing apparatus itself. The viewing apparatus further comprises a relay lens group which conditions the light into a quasi-collimated state before it enters the optical elements allowing a more compact device to be produced. The viewing apparatus may additionally include a zoom lens mechanism to enable the viewed image to be enlarged. |
| US08294079B2 |
Diode, photodetector circuit including same, and display device
Each of even-numbered photodiodes 1 and 2 for constituting a diode of the present invention (i) has regions (regions 1a through 1c and regions 2a through 2c) whose sizes in a certain direction are identical to sizes of regions of a reference diode 5, and (ii) has a channel width equal to ½ of a channel width W of the reference diode 5. The regions 1a through 1c and the regions 2a through 2c are arranged so as to (i) extend parallel to the certain direction which is provided parallel to a channel length L of the reference diode 5, and so as to be (ii) line-symmetric or point-symmetric to each other as a whole. The photodiodes 1 and 2 are electrically connected to each other in series so as to carry out an equivalent operation to that of the reference diode 5. Employing of the photodiodes 1 and 2 provides a configuration of diodes each having an identical characteristic and occupying a reduced area on a substrate. |
| US08294073B1 |
High angular rate imaging system and related techniques
An imaging device includes a sensor to locate and track an object of interest; an imaging camera having a plurality of detectors juxtapositionally aligned to increase the field of regard of an image of interest and a plurality of corresponding illuminators, each illuminator co-aligned with the field of view of a corresponding detector; and a digital processor connected to the sensor to receive tracking signals indicative of the track of the object of interest and connected to the imaging camera to provide a control signal to the imaging camera to activate each one of the detectors when the object of interest is within the field of view of a detector. |
| US08294071B2 |
Microwave irradiation apparatus
In a microwave irradiation apparatus, an applicator portion has an interior space for housing an object to be irradiated. A first microwave irradiation system outputs a first microwave to the interior space in a first mode so as to generate a large electric field and a small magnetic field at a specific place of the interior space. A second microwave irradiation system outputs a second microwave having a polarization plane crossing a polarization plane of the first microwave to the interior space in a second mode so as to generate a large magnetic field and small electric field at the specific place of the interior space. |
| US08294068B2 |
Rapid thermal processing lamphead with improved cooling
Embodiments of a lamphead and apparatus utilizing same are provided herein. In some embodiments, a lamphead for use in thermal processing may include a monolithic member having a plurality of coolant passages and a plurality of lamp passages and reflector cavities, wherein each lamp passage is configured to accommodate a lamp and each reflector cavity is shaped to act as a reflector or to receive a replaceable reflector for the lamp, and wherein the plurality of coolant passages are disposed proximate to the plurality of lamp passages; and at least one heat transfer member extending from the monolithic member into each coolant passage. In some embodiments, the lamphead may be disposed in an apparatus comprising a process chamber having a substrate support, wherein the lamphead is positioned to provide energy to the substrate support. |
| US08294067B2 |
Computer component testing system and temperature control device thereof
A computer component testing system is used to test a temperature operating range of components of a computer. The computer component testing system includes a power supply, a voltage dividing circuit, an amplifier circuit, a heat generator, a temperature control cabinet to receive the computer and the heat generator, and a temperature tester. The temperature of the component of the computer changes via adjusting the variable resistor to change heat generated by the heat generator, to make the component of the computer be in different temperatures. If the computer changes to a second state from the first state in a temperature, the temperature is determined to be an end temperature of the temperature operating range of the component. |
| US08294065B2 |
Stainless steel wire with flux core for welding zinc coated steel sheets
A stainless steel wire having a flux core for welding zinc-based alloy coated steel sheet having an outer metal sheath coating a core of flux wherein in total having in mass (%) as percentage to the total mass of the wire: C: 0.01-0.05%, Si: 0.1-1.5%, Mn: 0.5-3.0%, Ni: 7.0-10.0%, Cr: 26.0-30.0%, wherein an F value defined as a function of the above components ranges from 30 to 50, the flux further having a slag formation agent in mass (%) as percentage to the total mass of the wire: TiO2: 0.6-2.6%, SiO2: 1.8-3.8%, ZrO2: 1.0-3.5%, and optionally Al2O3: 0.1-1.0%, wherein the slag formation agent in total is less than 10%, and the wire further containing Fe and residual impurities. |
| US08294062B2 |
Laser beam positioning systems for material processing and methods for using such systems
Laser beam positioning systems for material processing and methods for using such systems are disclosed herein. One embodiment of a laser-based material processing system, for example, can include (a) a radiation source configured to produce a laser beam and direct the beam along a beam path, and (b) a laser beam positioning assembly in the beam path. The laser beam positioning assembly can include a first focusing element, first and second reflective optical elements, and a second focusing element. The first focusing element can focus the laser beam to a first focal point between the first and second reflective optical elements. The first and second reflective optical elements can direct the laser beam toward a material processing area while the laser beam has a decreasing or increasing cross-sectional dimension. The second focusing element can focus the laser beam and direct the beam toward the material processing area. |
| US08294057B2 |
Electrode for switch and vacuum switch, and method of manufacturing electrode for switch or vacuum switch
An object of the invention is to provide a vacuum switch which can achieve a reduction of an electric loss and an improvement of a heat transmission performance by preventing an air gap portion from being generated between an electrode and a conductor rod and preventing the electrode and the conductor rod from generating any positional displacement. An electrode for a switch in accordance with the invention is provided with the conductor rod, a contact point electrode inserted to the conductor rod, and a coupling plate fixing both the elements to an outer side in a diametrical direction of the conductor rod and the contact point electrode, thereby fixing both the elements. |
| US08294054B2 |
Draining device for air control equipment
A draining device for air control equipment has a bottom shell, a top shell, a knob, a switch and a connecting device. The bottom and top shells are connected to each other. The top shell has two inclined recesses. The knob is mounted through the top shell and has two sliding protrusions mounted in the inclined recesses and two tabs. The switch is mounted in the bottom shell and has a button. The connecting device has a connecting tube, a flange and an end protrusion. The connecting tube is mounted through the top shell. The flange is formed around the connecting tube and is mounted across the tabs. The end protrusion abuts the button. When the knob is rotated, the sliding protrusions move along the inclined recesses to force the knob moving downward. Therefore, the end protrusion pushes the button to turn on the switch. |
| US08294052B2 |
Electrical appliance housing
An electrical appliance housing including a hard plastic housing body defining a switch-actuating aperture. The aperture is sealed with a soft plastic membrane. An actuating button is fastened to a hard plastic base that is bonded to the membrane. |
| US08294044B2 |
Electromagnetic isolation chamber with unimpeded hand entry
An Electronic Isolation Chamber With Unimpeded Hand Entry is disclosed. The somewhat “open” appearance of the Electromagnetic Isolation Chamber goes contrary to teachings in the art of RF shielding and enclosures. A sleeve through an aperture in the chamber is worn by an operator, and with the placement of an operator's arm there through, the electromagnetic shielding is completed and the volume contained within the chamber is electromagnetically isolated from the environment exterior to the chamber. This novel arrangement allows an operator to work with bare hands, thus providing more tactile interaction with a device under test and also reducing the tendency for shorting that is present when wearing conductive gloves. A shielded window and an interior light may be included to facilitate viewing of a device within the chamber during operation of the device. The chamber provides an inexpensive, fully shielded environment for the testing, tuning, adjusting, or repair of RF transmitting or receiving devices such as computers, wireless devices, cellular telephones, and the like. |
| US08294043B2 |
Integrated connector shield ring for shielded enclosures
Methods and apparatus for shielding enclosures having connector apertures result in effective electromagnetic isolation of the electromagnetic environment internal to a shielded enclosure from the external environment. Embodiments of the present invention may also accommodate the effective implementation of a low cost filter pin connector. An integrated shield ring may create an EMI doghouse with a metal ring that attaches onto a bulkhead board mounted connector that is bonded to a circular chassis ground plane on a printed wiring board (PWB) assembly. |
| US08294040B2 |
Porous film and multilayer assembly using the same
[Object] To provide a multilayer assembly that excels in pore properties, is flexible, and is satisfactorily handled and processed; and a method of producing the multilayer assembly.[Solving Means] A multilayer assembly includes a base and, arranged on at least one side thereof, a porous layer and has a large number of continuous micropores with an average pore diameter of 0.01 to 10 μm. The multilayer assembly suffers from no interfacial delamination between the base and the porous layer when examined in a tape peeling test according to the following procedure: Tape Peeling Test A 24-mm wide masking tape [Film Masking Tape No. 603 (#25)] supplied by Teraoka Seisakusho Co., Ltd. is applied to a surface of the porous layer of the multilayer assembly and press-bonded thereto with a roller having a diameter of 30 mm and a load of 200 gf to give a sample; and the sample is subjected to a T-peel test with a tensile tester at a peel rate of 50 mm/min. |
| US08294039B2 |
Surface finish structure of multi-layer substrate and manufacturing method thereof
A surface finish structure of multi-layer substrate and manufacturing method thereof. The surface finish structure of the present invention includes a bond pad layer, at least one cover metal layer and a solder mask. The cover metal layer covers the bond pad layer. The solder mask has a hole to expose the cover metal layer. The present invention can form the cover metal layer to cover the bond pad layer and then forms the solder mask. Thereafter, the hole is made to the solder mask at the position of the cover metal layer to expose thereof. Because the bond pad layer is embedded in a dielectric layer of the multi-layer substrate, adhesion intensity between the bond pad layer and the dielectric layer can be enhanced. Meanwhile, contact of the bond pad layer with the solder can be prevented with the cover metal layer. |
| US08294033B2 |
Circuit board and method of producing a circuit board
A rigid circuit board is provided which contains at least one integral limb shaped to provide predetermined movement at a free end of the limb in at least two mutually perpendicular planes. The rigid circuit board provides a rewiring structure at a low cost and is adaptable for use in a wide range of applications. |
| US08294029B2 |
Expandable electric cord and production method thereof
An expandable electric cord having a core portion, a conductor portion and a sheath portion; wherein the core portion is an elastic cylinder having an elastic body and an intermediate layer covering the outer periphery thereof. The conductor portion contains a conductor wire having narrow stranded wires, with the conductor wire being coiled and/or braided around the outer periphery of the elastic cylinder, and the sheath portion is an outer sheath layer having an insulator that covers the outer periphery of the conductor portion. |
| US08294028B2 |
Power supply socket panel
A power supply socket panel comprises a panel enclosure, at least one movable connector, a panel supporter and at least one elastic foot. The panel supporter is mounted to the movable connector, and together they are secured to a power supply socket or switch. The panel enclosure is secured to the panel supporter through the movable connector and the elastic foot is mounted between the panel supporter and the movable connector. During disassembly, the connection component is pressed with hard tools such as a small screwdriver so that the elastic foot is in a compressed state, allowing the panel enclosure to separate from the connection component. In this way, the panel enclosure can be removed. This panel is characterized by a simple structure and convenient assembly/disassembly. |
| US08294023B2 |
Radioisotope power source
A radioisotope power sources that includes radioisotope nanoparticles and scintillator materials. An embodiment of the radioisotope power source includes radioisotope nanoparticles suspended within a polycrystalline scintillator; additional polycrystalline scintillator at least partially surrounding the polycrystalline scintillator with the radioisotope nanoparticles; and a photovoltaic device in light communication with the surrounding polycrystalline scintillator. A system that employs the radioisotope power source and a method of generating an electrical current are also disclosed. The present invention has been described in terms of specific embodiment(s), and it is recognized that equivalents, alternatives, and modifications, aside from those expressly stated, are possible and within the scope of the appending claims. |
| US08294022B2 |
Photovoltaic array with minimally penetrating rooftop support system
A photovoltaic array including a plurality of photovoltaic assemblies and a plurality of mounting units. The mounting units each include an elongate rail and a plurality of leg assemblies. The rail is sized and configured to maintain a portion of at least two of the photovoltaic assemblies, with the leg assemblies extending from the rail in a spaced-apart fashion and terminating in a foot for placement against a rooftop structure for minimally penetration installation. Further, at least one of the leg assemblies can include a retractable leg. When the photovoltaic array is installed to a rooftop structure including a membrane intermittently secured to a rooftop deck, the retractable leg accommodates upward billowing of the membrane under windy conditions. |
| US08294019B2 |
Fluid user interface such as immersive multimediator or iinput/output device with one or more spray jets
A fluid user interface is presented for applications such as immersive multimedia. In one embodiment, one or more sprays or jets create an immersive multimedia environment in which a participant can interact within the immersive multimedia environment by blocking, partially blocking, diverting, or otherwise engaging with a fluid, to create computational input. When the fluid is air, a keyboard can be implemented on cushions of air coming out of various nozzles or jets. When the fluid is water, the invention may be used in environments such as showers, baths, hot tubs, waterplay areas, gardens, and the like to create a fun, playful, or wet user-interface. In some embodiments, the spraying is computationally controlled, so that the spray creates a tactile user-interface for the control of such devices as new musical instruments. These may be installed in public fountains to result in a fluid user interface to music by playing in the fountains. The invention may also be used in a setting like a karaoke bar, in which participants perform music by playing in a fountain while they sing. Small self contained embodiments of the invention may exist as pool toys, bath toys, or decorative fountains that can sit on desk tops, or the like. |
| US08294016B2 |
Computer aided system for teaching reading
A method of teaching reading includes displaying, by an application executing on a computing device, a singing exercise configured to allow a user to sing along as a song is played. Lyrics of the song are displayed as the song plays, thus allowing the user to read the lyrics as the user sings along to the song. An audio input is monitored as the song is played. A score representing how accurately the audio input matches the song is calculated. The score is provided to the user. A series of target pitch lines representative of target pitches on the display and a target pitch area encompassed about each target pitch line may be displayed. A pitch tracking line from the audio input may be computed and displayed. |
| US08294015B2 |
Method and system for utilizing a gaming instrument controller
Methods and systems for utilizing a gaming instrument controller are described. In one embodiment, a musical interaction recording of a song may be accessed. The musical interaction recording may include a backing audible portion of the song and a user reproduction indication associated with the song. The user reproduction indication may be presented in synchronization with the song. A plurality of musical note selections may be received from a gaming instrument controller based on the presenting of the user reproduction indication. A plurality of musical notes for the song may be generated based on the receiving of the plurality of musical note selections. The backing audible portion and the plurality of musical notes may be reproduced. |
| US08293996B1 |
Soybean variety XB36J10
A novel soybean variety, designated XB36J10 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB36J10, cells from soybean variety XB36J10, plants of soybean XB36J10, and plant parts of soybean variety XB36J10. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB36J10 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XB36J10, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB36J10. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB36J10 are further provided. |
| US08293995B1 |
Soybean variety XBP49005
A novel soybean variety, designated XBP49005 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP49005, cells from soybean variety XBP49005, plants of soybean XBP49005, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP49005. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP49005 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XBP49005, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP49005. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP49005 are further provided. |
| US08293989B1 |
Soybean variety XBP00801
A novel soybean variety, designated XBP00801 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP00801, cells from soybean variety XBP00801, plants of soybean XBP00801, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP00801. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP00801 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XBP00801, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP00801. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP00801 are further provided. |
| US08293987B1 |
Soybean variety XBP56002
A novel soybean variety, designated XBP56002 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP56002, cells from soybean variety XBP56002, plants of soybean XBP56002, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP56002. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP56002 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XBP56002, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP56002. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP56002 are further provided. |
| US08293986B1 |
Soybean variety XBP45002
A novel soybean variety, designated XBP45002 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XBP45002, cells from soybean variety XBP45002, plants of soybean XBP45002, and plant parts of soybean variety XBP45002. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XBP45002 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XBP45002, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XBP45002. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XBP45002 are further provided. |
| US08293985B1 |
Soybean variety XB56X10
A novel soybean variety, designated XB56X10 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB56X10, cells from soybean variety XB56X10, plants of soybean XB56X10, and plant parts of soybean variety XB56X10. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB56X10 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XB56X10, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB56X10. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB56X10 are further provided. |
| US08293984B1 |
Soybean cultivar 06JR212793
The present invention is in the field of soybean cultivar 06JR212793 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean cultivar 06JR212793 and its progeny, and methods of making 06JR212793. |
| US08293982B1 |
Soybean variety RJS38002
According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated RJS38002. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety RJS38002, to the plants of soybean RJS38002 to plant parts of soybean variety RJS38002 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety RJS38002 with another soybean plant, using RJS38002 as either the male or the female parent. |
| US08293981B2 |
Soybean cultivar S070163
A soybean cultivar designated S070163 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar S070163, to the plants of soybean S070163, to plant parts of soybean cultivar S070163, and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar S070163 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars, or breeding cultivars, and plant parts derived from soybean variety S070163, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar S070163, and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar S070163 with another soybean cultivar. |
| US08293980B2 |
Lettuce varieties and method of production
Lettuce varieties ISI 43630 and ISI 43637 are described. Both ISI 43630 and ISI 43637 are red leaf lettuce varieties. |
| US08293978B2 |
Marchantiales-derived unsaturated fatty acid synthetase genes and use of the same
A Δ5 fatty acid desaturase gene, a Δ6 fatty acid desaturase gene, and a Δ6 fatty-acid-chain elongase gene are isolated from a single species of Marchantiales. By introducing these genes into higher plants, transformed plants which can produce arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are obtained. |
| US08293977B2 |
Transgenic plants and methods for controlling bolting in sugar beet
This invention relates to the field of sugar beet bolting and flowering control, specifically methods and transgenic sugar beet plants for suppressing the vernalization response. In particular, the present invention includes sugar beet plants and methods for modulating sugar beet vernalization by over expression of an FLC gene or by suppressing AGL20 gene expression. |
| US08293974B2 |
Use of double stranded RNA hairpin duplexes in gene silencing
A DNA polynucleotide is described herein having a modified sequence of a target gene, wherein any one type of nucleotide in the target gene sequence has been chemically modified to another type of nucleotide; and a complementary sequence of the unmodified target gene; wherein either one of the modified sequence or the complementary sequence is in a reverse orientation to the other sequence; and wherein the RNA sequence transcribed from the DNA polynucleotide forms a duplex between the modified sequence and the complementary sequence so that a long double stranded RNA (IdsRNA) duplex forms between the modified and complementary sequences with base pair mismatches where the nucleotides have been modified, the IdsRNA duplex being capable of inhibiting expression of the target gene. RNA polynucleotides and IdsRNA duplexes transcribed by the DNA polynucleotide are also described, as is a method for producing the IdsRNA duplexes. These IdsRNA duplexes can be used in gene silencing. |
| US08293973B2 |
UDP-xylose synthases (UXS) polynucleotides, polypeptides and uses thereof
The present disclosure concerns methods and compositions relating to UXS polypeptides and/or nucleic acids encoding UXS polypeptides. In certain claims, the methods and compositions are of use to improve digestibility and/or ease of grain processing. Such improvements relate to a modulation in arabinoxylan and/or hemicellulose content in transgenic plants. Such plants can, for example, comprise one or more nucleic acid sequences that inhibit expression of one or more UDP-Xylose Synthase (UXS) genes. |
| US08293969B2 |
Absorbent product
An absorbent product has a top sheet, an absorbent core and a back sheet. The absorbent core includes 40% by weight or more of high absorbent resin powder and it is possible to slim down the absorbent core while keeping a sufficient amount of absorption to thereby achieve slimming down of the absorbent product. A top sheet lower part contacting the high absorbent resin powder in the absorbent core includes hydrophilic fibers having water retention characteristics, and moisture is temporarily retained in the top sheet lower part before reaching the absorbent core and rapidly disperses in a range facing the absorbent core of the top sheet lower part. As a result, it is possible to reliably absorb the moisture of excrement in the absorbent core and to simplify a structure of the absorbent product. |
| US08293967B2 |
Disposable absorbent articles having a windowed sensor
A disposable absorbent article suitable for receiving and containing bodily exudates, the article comprising a front region, a back region and a crotch region disposed between said front and back region, each region having two opposing longitudinal edges, and wherein said article further comprises a window on any one of said regions for viewing a sensor suitable for measuring a condition selected from the group consisting of temperature, dehydration, rash, pH, analyte levels, humidity, and combinations thereof and wherein the sensor is placed adjacent to and facing said window placed adjacent to and facing said window. |
| US08293966B2 |
Feminine hygiene pad
A feminine hygiene pad having at least a top and bottom layer comprised of the same varying solid colors which match the color of undergarments and/or outerwear of a user to further mask the existence of the pad. The top layer of the feminine hygiene pad may also include a small center area devoid of color in order to detect saturation. |
| US08293963B2 |
Process for the crystallization separation of P-xylene
Provided is a process for crystallization separating p-xylene, comprising: a) feeding a mixed xylenes stream comprising greater than or equal to 60% by weight, of p-xylene, such as 60% to 98% by weight of p-xylene, to a crystallization unit to perform cooling crystallization, to obtain a slurry comprising p-xylene crystals; and b) feeding the slurry to a filtration and purification unit, to obtain a mother liquor, washings, and p-xylene, wherein the filtration and purification unit uses a simulated moving bed or a combination of multiple moving beds. |
| US08293962B2 |
Process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate by adjusting a level of a halide containing additive during alkylation
A process for producing a gasoline blending component and a middle distillate, comprising adjusting a level of a halide containing additive provided to an ionic liquid alkylation reactor to shift selectivity towards heavier products, and recovering a low volatility gasoline blending component and the middle distillate. |
| US08293957B2 |
Oligo-tetracenes, production and use thereof
Described are oligotetracenes of formula I which may either be unsubstituted or carry one or more substituents R and R′ which are selected from the group comprising halogen, CN, alkyl or alkoxy radicals containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl radicals containing up to 10 carbon atoms which may also contain one or more heteroatoms, and/or fluorinated or perfluorinated alkyl or alkoxy radicals containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms, where n is an integer from 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 6, very particularly preferably 1 or 2, and X stands for a single bond, an alklyene group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon chain having one or more conjugated double bonds, an aryl group, or a system composed of one or more condensed aromatic rings. In the oligotetracenes according to the invention, one or more of the condensed aromatic six-atom rings may be substituted by a five-atom ring which may also contain a heteroatom. Also described is a method for preparing the referenced oligotetracenes, and use thereof as semiconductors in organic field-effect transistors (OFET's), organic light-emitting diodes (OLED's), sensors, and organic solar cells. |
| US08293956B2 |
Gasoline compositions
A gasoline composition is provided containing: (a) a gasoline base fuel; and (b) a terpene composition in an amount in the range of from 0.1 to 40% vol. based on total gasoline composition, said terpene composition comprising at least 60% wt. pinenes and having an acidity of at most 0.05 mgKOH/g. |
| US08293955B2 |
Production process for 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane and refining process
The production process for 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane of the present invention is characterized in that 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane is reacted with fluorine in the presence of a solvent containing hydrogen fluoride. The 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane may be obtained by chlorination of 3,4-dichlorobutene-1. Further, the present invention provides as well a process of refining 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane obtained in the manner described above. According to the present invention, 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane which is useful, for example, as a synthetic raw material for hexafluoro-1,3-butadiene used as an etching gas for semiconductors can industrially efficiently be produced by using 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane which is a by-product of chloroprene and which has so far been disposed. |
| US08293951B2 |
Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by hydrogenation in at least three successive reactors
The present invention relates to a process for preparing 1,2-propanediol, in which a glycerol-containing stream, especially a stream obtained on the industrial scale in the production of biodiesel, is subjected to a hydrogenation in an at least three-stage reactor cascade. |
| US08293949B2 |
Process for producing low color glycols
The present invention provides a process for producing low color glycols that comprises altering at least one condition of a reaction component and/or process stream within the process to be unfavorable for the formation of at least one color-producing contaminant intermediate. As such, such intermediates may be reduced in concentration, or even eliminated entirely, from glycols produced by the process. Since they are not present, or are present in reduced number, the intermediates cannot form color-producing contaminants in the glycols, and low color glycols are provided to the customer. Any condition that can discourage the formation of color forming contaminant intermediates can be adjusted, although conditions that can be adjusted by materials or equipment already utilized in the process, e.g., temperature, pressure, pH, concentration of a color-forming contaminant precursor, the presence of one or more solvents or catalysts favorable for the production of the color-producing contaminant or contaminant intermediate, and the like, are preferred. |
| US08293947B2 |
Method for the preparation of therapeutically valuable triphenylbutene derivatives
The present invention concerns a method for the preparation of therapeutically valuable triphenylbutene derivatives, especially ospemifene or fispemifene. |
| US08293946B2 |
Dialdehyde compound, preparation method thereof, and synthetic method of carotenoids using the same
The novel C dialdehyde compound which can be efficiently utilized in the synthesis of carotenoid compounds based on the sulfone chemistry, the preparation method of the same, and the expeditious and practical synthetic processes for lycopene and β-carotene by the use of the above novel compound are disclosed. The syntheses of lycopene and β-carotene are characterized by the processes of the coupling reaction between two equivalents of geranyl sulfone or cyclic geranyl sulfone and the above C dialdehyde, the functional group transformation reactions of the diol in the resulting C 40 coupling products to X's (either halogens or ethers), and the double elimination reactions of the functional groups of the benzenesulfonyl and X to produce the fully conjugated polyene chain of the carotenoids. |
| US08293942B2 |
Reagents and method for measuring hydroxyl number in polyols
A pyridine-free esterification reagent for anhydride method to determine the hydroxyl number of polyols is provided. The reagent includes an anhydride, an oxometallic complex having a formula of MOmLn, and a neutral or slightly acidic solvent, wherein M includes transition metals of IVB, VB, or VIB group, L includes (OTf), X, and m and n are an integer greater than or equal to 1, wherein X is halogen, and R, R′, R″, and R′″, independently, are alkyl, aryl, or heterocyclic groups containing nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, or sulfur heteroatoms. The invention also provides a method to determine the hydroxyl number of polyols. |
| US08293938B2 |
Alkylphosphonous acids, salts and esters, methods for the production thereof, and use of the same
The invention relates to alkylphosphonous acids, salts and esters of formula (I) A-P(═O)(OX)—H (I) wherein A is C2-C20alkyl, C2-C20alkylene, and C8-C20 alkaryl are optionally substituted, and X is H, alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, alkenyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, ammonium, primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary alkyl and/or aryl ammonium, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a metal of the third and fourth main group and the second, fourth and eight sub-group or a metal of the lanthanoid group. The invention also relates to methods for producing same and to the uses of said compounds. |
| US08293935B2 |
Carboxylic acid recovery and methods related thereto
A method of producing an alkyl ester of a carboxylic acid is provided, the method comprising: adding an alkanol and a mineral acid to a carboxylic acid salt to provide a carboxylic acid/alkanol solution and a precipitated mineral acid salt; separating the mineral acid salt from the carboxylic acid/alkanol solution; esterifying the carboxylic acid; and isolating an alkyl ester of the carboxylic acid. |
| US08293934B2 |
Isocyanates and aromatic hydroxy compounds
An object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing isocyanates, which are industrially useful compounds, without using phosgene, and to provide a process for chemically recycling waste polycarbonate resin. The present invention discloses a process enabling isocyanate compounds to be produced without using phosgene as a raw material by subjecting a carbamic acid ester compound obtained by a reaction between an aromatic polycarbonate resin and an amine compound to a thermal decomposition reaction, while at the same time disclosing a process enabling chemical recycling of aromatic polycarbonate resin by recovering a divalent aromatic hydroxy compound forming aromatic polycarbonates. |
| US08293933B2 |
Method of producing substance immobilizing carrier
The object of the present invention is to inexpensively produce a carrier having a hydrophilic spacer, for immobilizing biological materials, etc., which has been very expensive so far. The present invention relates to a method of producing a substance immobilizing carrier, in which carboxyl groups or active ester groups are positioned on a support, which is characterized by including: a functional group-introducing step in which a functional group is introduced on a surface of a support; a hydrophilic compound binding step in which a hydrophilic compound having a binding group that can bind with the functional group and a hydroxyl group, is bound to the functional group through binding between the functional group and the binding group; a carboxyl group-forming step in which a carboxyl group is formed through ring-opening half-esterification between a cyclic acid anhydride and a hydroxyl group on the bound hydrophilic compound; and, if necessary, an active esterification step in which the carboxyl group formed in the carboxyl group forming step is converted into an active ester. |
| US08293926B2 |
Method of producing optically active 4-amino-3-substituted phenylbutanoic acid
The present invention provides a method of producing a compound (IIa) or a compound (IIb), provides a method of producing a compound (IIIa) or a compound (IIIb), provides a method of producing a compound (Va) or its salt or a compound (Vb) or its salt, provides a method of producing a compound (IIIa) or a compound (IIIb), further, provides a method of producing a compound (Va) or its salt or a compound (Vb) or its salt including these production methods. |
| US08293925B2 |
Pyrrolidinone carboxamide derivatives
Pyrrolidinone carboxamide compounds are provided that are useful for inhibiting the binding of ligands to the ChemR23 receptor. |
| US08293923B2 |
Indazole derivatives as modulators of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase
The present invention relates to modulators of IRAK kinases of formula (I) and provides compositions comprising such modulators, as well as methods therewith for treating IRAK-mediated or IRAK-associated conditions or diseases. |
| US08293919B2 |
Antibacterial sulfone and sulfoxide substituted heterocyclic urea compounds
The present invention provides novel sulfone and sulfoxide substituted heterocyclic urea compounds having useful antibacterial activity. Use of these compounds as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of production are provided. |
| US08293917B2 |
Pyrazole compounds as CCR1 antagonists
Disclosed are compounds of the formula (I) which block the interaction of CCR1 and its ligands and are thus useful for treating a variety of diseases and disorders that are mediated or sustained through the activity of CCR1 including autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, methods of using these compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, processes for preparing these compounds and intermediates useful in these processes. |
| US08293916B2 |
Diazole derivatives
The present invention relates to diazole derivatives of the general formula wherein A, E, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in application and pharmaceutical compositions containing them. The invention also relates to use of such compounds for the treatment of diseases mediated by the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR), such as anxiety, chronic and acute pain, protection against liver damage, urinary incontinence, obesity, Fragile-X and autism, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, schizophrenia, ischemia, Huntington's chorea, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia caused by AIDs, and Parkinson's disease. |
| US08293912B2 |
Process for producing cisatracurium compounds and associated intermediates
The present invention provides processes for producing isoquinolinium compounds, and for converting them into cisatracurium salts, e.g., cisatracurium besylate |
| US08293904B2 |
Electrochemical affinity biosensor system and methods
The present invention provides novel osmium-based electrochemical species for the detection of wide variety of analytes using immunological techniques. The present invention also provides diagnostic kits and test sensors supporting electrode structures that can be used with the osmium-based electrochemical species. The test sensor can be fabricated to support interdigitated arrays of electrodes that have been designed to provide amplification of the electrical signal amplification desired to analyze analytes that may be present at low concentrations. |
| US08293901B2 |
MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitors
Compounds of the following formula are provided for use with MEK (I): wherein the variables are as defined herein. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions, kits and articles of manufacture comprising such compounds; methods and intermediates useful for making the compounds; and methods of using said compounds. |
| US08293900B2 |
Acylated spiropiperidine derivatives as melanocortin-4 receptor modulators
Certain novel N-acylated spiropiperidine derivatives are ligands of the human melanocortin receptor(s) and, in particular, are selective ligands of the human melanocortin-4 receptor (MC-4R). They are therefore useful for the treatment, control, or prevention of diseases and disorders responsive to the modulation of MC-4R, such as obesity, diabetes, nicotine addiction, alcoholism, sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction and female sexual dysfunction. |
| US08293899B2 |
Process for reducing 3-heteroaryl-3-oxopropionic acid derivatives
The present invention relates to a process for preparing stereoisomerically enriched 3-heteroaryl-3-hydroxycarboxylic esters by reducing 3-heteroaryl-3-oxocarboxylic esters in the presence of ruthenium-containing catalysts. |
| US08293895B2 |
Carbapenem derivatives
The present invention relates to novel carbapenem derivatives and belongs to pharmaceutical field. Specifically, the present invention relates to the compounds as represented by formula (1), pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrolysable esters, isomers and intermediates thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 are described as in the description. The present invention also relates to the processes for the preparation of these compounds, to the pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and to their use for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of infectious diseases. |
| US08293891B2 |
4 (pyrrolopyridinyl)pyrimidin-2-ylamine derivatives
Compounds of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 have the meanings indicated in claim 1, are inhibitors of cell proliferation/cell vitality and can be employed for the treatment of tumors. |
| US08293890B2 |
Hyaluronic acid based copolymers
Hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugates or crosslinked HAs compositions for coating an implantable device are provided. The implantable device can be used for treating a disorder such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, restenosis, high cholesterol, hemorrhage, vascular dissection or perforation, vascular aneurysm, vulnerable plaque, chronic total occlusion, claudication, anastomotic proliferation for vein and artificial grafts, bile duct obstruction, ureter obstruction, tumor obstruction, and combinations thereof. |
| US08293887B2 |
SiRNA targeting beta secretase (BACE)
Efficient sequence specific gene silencing is possible through the use of siRNA technology. By selecting particular siRNAs by rational design, one can maximize the generation of an effective gene silencing reagent, as well as methods for silencing genes. Methods, compositions, and kits generated through rational design of siRNAs are disclosed including those directed to nucleotide sequences for BACE. |
| US08293886B2 |
Sensizitation of cancer cells to therapy using sina targeting genes from the 1P and 19Q chromosomal regions
The invention relates to the identification of genes involved in resistance of cancer cells to therapy, to short nucleic acid molecules which inhibit the expression of these genes by RNA interference and to their use as adjuvant in cancer therapy, to sensitize cancer cells to conventional anticancer agents; the short nucleic acid molecules are double-stranded short interfering nucleic acid molecules including a sense and an antisense region, wherein the sense region includes a nucleotide sequence that is selected from the group consisting of: the sequences SEQ ID NO: 15, 11, 13, 14, 30, 31, 38, 46, 64 and 70 and the sequences having at least 70% identity, preferably at least 80% identity, more preferably at least 90% identity with the sequences, and the antisense region includes a nucleotide sequence that is complementary to the sense region. |
| US08293883B2 |
Engineered anti-IL-23P19 antibodies
Engineered antibodies to human IL-23p19 are provided, as well as uses thereof, e.g., in treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, and proliferative disorders. |
| US08293882B2 |
Anti-tissue factor antibodies and compositions
Isolated anti-tissue factor antibodies, immunoglobulins, cleavage products and other specified portions and variants thereof having enhanced ADCC activity, as well as anti-tissue factor antibody compositions, encoding or complementary nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, compositions, formulations, devices, transgenic animals, transgenic plants, and methods of making and using thereof. The antibodies of the invention bind human tissue factor and demonstrate enhanced ADCC activity. Accordingly, the antibodies can be used in a variety of methods for diagnosing, treating, and/or preventing diseases involving tissue factor, where enhanced ADCC activity is desirable such as cancer. |
| US08293881B2 |
Isolated nucleic acid encoding a truncated ActRIIB fusion protein
In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and methods for modulating (promoting or inhibiting) growth of a tissue, such as bone, cartilage, muscle, fat, brown fat and/or neuronal tissue and for treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes and obesity, as well as disorders associated with any of the foregoing tissue. |
| US08293880B2 |
Prognostic panel for urinary bladder cancer
The present invention relates to methods of prognosing urothelial carcinoma. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of prognosing urothelial carcinoma by determining expression levels of JUN, MAP2K6, STAT3 and/or ICAM1. In another embodiment, the present invention provides an single prognostic panel made up of eight gene markers. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a single prognostic panel made up of eleven gene markers. |