最新美国发明专利第2012-08-07期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US08237578B2	Fuse and breaker alarm device and method using a finite state machine An alarm circuit and method of monitoring a circuit protection device are disclosed. The alarm circuit includes a circuit protection device connected in series at an input voltage of a load. The alarm circuit also includes a programmable circuit connected in parallel to the circuit protection device and including an alarm signal. The programmable circuit is programmed to include a plurality of functional states, and at least one functional state corresponds to activation of the alarm signal. The at least one functional state activating the alarm signal corresponds with an interruption condition in the circuit protection device.
US08237577B2	Supplemental alert generation device A battery-powered supplemental alert generator is disclosed that is adapted to be mounted in close proximity to, such as within 3 or 4 feet of, a conventional smoke, heat and/or fire detector/alert device. The supplemental alert generator operates in a relatively low power mode while listening for the nearby detector/alert device to generate a standard audible alert signal. Upon detecting that a monitored sound level has reached a particular threshold, the supplemental alert generator enters into a higher power analysis mode in which it analyzes the detected signal to assess whether it is an audible alert signal. If an audible alert signal is detected, the supplemental alert generator generates one or more supplemental alert signals, such as a 520 Hz audible square wave signal. The supplemental alert generator may be used to retrofit a house, hotel, or other building to comply with new standards or to otherwise increase the effectiveness of the existing detection/alert system.
US08237570B1	Integrated, high efficiency RFID UHF reader/antenna Invention discloses a highly efficient integrated physical Reader with dual circular bi-static antenna device comprising an integral DC to DC converter 3, built in to supply power to the reader, wherein desired power, 48V is supplied from the switch 7, to the magnetic transformer 1, an integral RJ 45 female connecter 2, to separate the power; the separated power from the magnetic transformer 1, is fed in to the DC to DC converter 3, which steps it down around 8 volts and then fed to a regulator, providing +5 V as output; which is further fed to the reader to drive the dual circular bi-static antenna to receive or transmit the signals; wherein the said system is assembled within the Antenna enclosure, which eliminates severe distance limitation and deterioration in signal strength imposed by the RF cable.
US08237564B2	Methods and apparatus to visualize locations of radio frequency identification (RFID) tagged items Methods and apparatus to visualize locations of radio frequency identification (RFID) tagged items are described. One example method includes receiving a request from a portable electronic device to access product information associated with an individual radio frequency identification (RFID) tagged item, determining a location of the product information in a database, transmitting the located product information to the portable electronic device for display thereon, receiving modified product information associated with the individual RFID tagged item from the portable electronic device, and storing the modified product information to the location of the product information in the database.
US08237563B2	Utilization of motion and spatial identification in mobile RFID interrogator A system and method of using motion or spatial identification technology with a mobile RFID reader to detect whether an RFID tag is part of a forklift load or other ambulatory space includes determining if a tag is within a defined space or if a tag is in motion relative to a mobile RFID reader. The system and method determines whether a particular RFID tag is part of a forklift load/space, has been added to or removed, is an extraneous tag, etc.
US08237561B2	Semi-active RFID tag and related processes An improved radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and related reader system and process are provided, wherein the RFID tag includes an on-board battery for enhanced signal transmission range, relatively rapid signal transmission speed, and optimized completion of a data transaction between the tag and a reader. The RFID tag further includes a power management system for activating the tag battery on an as-needed basis, and for thereupon enabling limited portions of the tag circuitry as required for a specific communication protocol, thereby conserving battery power and prolonging battery service life. In one preferred form, the battery is integrated with an antenna structure of single or dual mode with respect to frequency or type. This combination battery-antenna may be designed for recharging from a source of ambient energy.
US08237551B2	System and method for in-patient telephony A system and method for tracking patients to enable communications. A presence of a patient is detected in a room. Communications intended for the patient are associated with the room. The communications are routed to the patient in the room.
US08237544B2	Automatic door control system and method A main control ECU of a vehicle unit performs mutual communication with a portable device by external transmitters when respective vehicle doors provided with the automatic open/close function are open. The main control ECU further performs, after ID code matching is confirmed, the mutual communication with the portable device by the external transmitters again after a predetermined time. The main control unit still further performs, when the second matching is not confirmed, mutual communication with the portable device by an internal transmitter. The main control unit automatically closes the vehicle doors when the third matching is not confirmed.
US08237543B2	Motorcycle An electronic authentication system includes a vehicle-side control unit that judges whether ID information of an electronic key is identical to vehicle-side ID information, an ignition switch unit that permits engine starting operation and handle unlocking operation on the basis of the identity of the ID information of the electronic key to the vehicle-side ID information, and an actuator that unlocks an opening and closing lid such as a accommodation box lid. These component members are attached and fixed to a leg shield (an inner leg shield) and modularized. These members are preassembled into the inner leg shield and modularized like this, whereby the assembling work into the vehicle becomes very easy and it is possible to make the assembling work efficient to a great extent.
US08237541B2	Bottle cap with lock A bottle cap includes a reservoir; a screw cap; a magnetic lock comprising a magnetically actuated spring bolt on the reservoir, and a hole on the cap; a fingerprint scanner on the reservoir; and a battery powered controller on bottom of the reservoir for fingerprint identification and fingerprint storing. In response to placing a finger on the fingerprint scanner, the fingerprint scanner and the controller are activated, the fingerprint scanner captures a fingerprint from the finger and converts the fingerprint into digital signals which are sent to the controller, the controller compares the digital signals with the fingerprint record(s), if matching the bolt will be compressed to clear the hole with the clearing being kept for a time to disengage the cap from the reservoir, and thereafter the controller and the fingerprint scanner will be deactivated and the bolt will bounce back to its locked position.
US08237539B2	Thermistor A thermistor includes a multi-layer graphite structure having a basal plane resistivity that increases with increasing temperature; a substrate upon which the graphite structure is mounted; current and voltage electrodes attached to the graphite structure; current and voltage wiring; and a voltage measuring device to measure voltage out when current is applied to the thermistor.
US08237536B2	Thermal protector Various embodiments include a thermal protector, including the rear end of a movable plate fixed to one end of a resin base and a pair of terminals for connection with an external circuit fixed to the other end thereof. Fixed contacts are formed on the fixed portions of the terminals, and the movable contact of the movable plate is disposed opposed to the fixed contacts. A bimetal element engaged with the center of the movable plate is set to project upward at normal temperature, thus bringing the movable contact into pressure contact with the fixed contacts with prescribed contact pressure. The bimetal element consists of an inversion area wherein the inversion area has no portion overlapping the conduction path area of load current.
US08237534B2	Miniature transformers adapted for use in galvanic isolators and the like A component coil for constructing transformers and the transformer constructed therefrom are disclosed. The component coil includes a substrate having an insulating layer of material having top and bottom surfaces. First and second traces are included on the top and bottom surfaces. Each trace includes a spiral conductor. The inner ends of the spiral conductors are connected by a conductor that passes through the insulating layer. The first and second spiral conductors are oriented such that magnetic fields generated by the first and second spiral conductors have components perpendicular to the top surface and in the same direction. The component coils can be used to construct a power transformer or a galvanic isolator.
US08237532B2	Electronic circuit device An electronic circuit device 1 arranged with a first substrate 11, a core 33 (magnetic body) mounted on the first substrate 11, a resin sealing body 17 which covers the first substrate 11 and the core 33, and a curable type stress relieving material 35 which reduces stress applied to the core 33 by the resin sealing body 17 is arranged within the resin sealing body 33 from the side surface periphery of the core 33 across to the first substrate 11.
US08237531B2	Tunable high quality factor inductor An inductor circuit with high quality (Q) factor includes a primary inductor and a compensation sub-circuit. The compensation sub-circuit is electrically isolated from the primary inductor. The compensation sub-circuit is magnetically coupled with the primary inductor to compensate the loss in the primary inductor.
US08237528B2	Electronic component An electronic component capable of adjusting the number of turns of a coil without preparing multiple kinds of inner conductors to be positioned at an end of the layer direction is composed of a multilayer body having multiple laminated magnetic layers. A spiral coil includes inner conductors and via-hole conductors connected to each other. Each of the inner conductors has a length of one turn. Both ends of each of the inner conductors are over points A and B. The inner conductor provided at the most negative side in the z-axis direction branches at one end so as to be over the points A and B.
US08237521B1	Triaxial MEMS acceleration switch A MEMS contact acceleration switch may include a first non-conductive layer; a second, conductive layer next to the first layer; and a third, conductive layer next to the second layer. The third layer may include a generally circular, annular mass and a center anchor post disposed interior of the annular mass. At least one spiral spring may connect the annular mass to the center anchor post. The third layer may include an x-y plane detection electrode separated from the annular mass by a gap. A fourth conductive layer may be disposed next to the third layer. A fifth layer may be disposed next to the fourth layer and may include a z-axis detection electrode. A second z-axis detection electrode may be disposed on the first layer. A plurality of conductive vias may extend through the first layer and be in electrical communication with the detection electrodes.
US08237518B2	Antenna-filter module The present invention relates to an antenna-filter module for transferring radio frequency electromagnetic signals between the ambient air and an electronic circuit. The module includes an antenna element and at least two integrated band pass filter disposed adjacent to said antenna element. The antenna element is arranged as a joint antenna element, having a substantially greater bandwidth than each filter and providing a number of antenna-filter combinations within the module. The joint antenna element is arranged in close proximity to a first resonator of each filter in the module so as to provide an electromagnetic coupling to the resonators of each filter and a differentiated, specific pass band for the respective antenna-filter combination. Each filter is provided with a coupling member for coupling to an electronic circuit, such as an amplifier.
US08237517B2	Apparatus for multiple frequency power application Apparatus and methods are provided for a power matching apparatus for use with a processing chamber. In one aspect of the invention, a power matching apparatus is provided including a first RF power input coupled to a first adjustable capacitor, a second RF power input coupled to a second adjustable capacitor, a power junction coupled to the first adjustable capacitor and the second adjustable capacitor, a receiver circuit coupled to the power junction, a high voltage filter coupled to the power junction and the high voltage filter has a high voltage output, a voltage/current detector coupled to the power junction and a RF power output connected to the voltage/current detector.
US08237511B2	Local oscillator and phase adjusting method for the same According to one embodiment, a local oscillator includes: an adder that adds an oscillator integer phase and an oscillator fraction phase and outputs the addition value as first phase information; a delayer that outputs an addition output of a frequency command word at one clock before and second phase information as estimated oscillator phase data; a correcting unit that outputs an addition of compensation information to the first phase information as the second phase information when \|the first phase information−the estimated oscillator phase data\|>\|the first phase information+the compensation information−the estimated oscillator phase data\| is satisfied and otherwise outputs the first phase information as the second phase information.
US08237504B1	Microwave variable power solid state power amplifier (SSPA) with constant efficiency and linearity A method of fabricating a solid state power amplifier (SSPA) having variable output power is provided. The method includes coupling a first transistor device to a second transistor device and biasing a drain input of each of the first and second transistor device. Further, the method includes biasing a gate input of each of the first and second transistor device varying a drain to source current of each of the first and second transistor device to enable the SSPA to maintain high power added efficiency (PAE) and consistent linearity over a range of output power levels.
US08237503B2	Output stage for a digital RF transmitter, method for providing an RF output signal in a digital RF transmitter, and digital RF transmitter An output stage (1) for a digital RF transmitter is provided. The output stage comprises: an input adapted to receive an input signal (RFin, b7-b0) to be transmitted; a plurality N of power amplification sections (S1, S2, S3, S4); and an output (A, B) providing an output voltage signal. Each of the N power amplification sections (S1, S2, S3, S4) is arranged to receive the input signal (RFin, b7-b0) and comprises a transformer (T1, T2, T3, T4) adapted to provide a respective output signal. Each transformer comprises a primary stage and a secondary stage; the secondary stages of the transformers (T1, T2, T3, T4) of the N power amplification sections (S1, S2, S3, S4) are combined such that a combined output voltage signal of the output stage is provided. The N power amplification sections (S1, S2, S3, S4) are adapted such that the input signal (RFin, b7-b0) is latched by clock signals (clock1, clock2, clock3, clock4) comprising different phases.
US08237501B2	Power amplifier with transistor input mismatching A power amplifier includes an input module. The input module includes a transformer and is configured to receive a radio frequency signal and generate output signals. Impedance transformation modules each of which having an output impedance and configured to receive a respective one of the output signals from the transformer. Switch modules each of which comprising a transistor and connected to an output of one of the impedance transformation modules. The transistor has an input impedance and outputs an amplified signal. Each of the output impedances is mismatched relative to a respective one of the input impedances.
US08237494B2	Apparatus and method for determination of signal format The determination of the signal modulation format for a channel is an important aspect of the operation of a signal receiver. A method (700) is described including the steps of receiving (710) a signal, comparing (720) a sample of the received signal to a first threshold value and a second threshold value, creating (720) a signal profile based on the comparison, and selecting (750) a modulation format for the received signal based on the signal profile. An apparatus (500) is also described including a ring counter (510) that receives a sample of an input signal, compares the sample to a first threshold value and a second threshold value, and creates a signal profile for the input signal, a signal profiler (550) that compares the signal profile for the input signal to at least two reference profiles, and a detector (560) that determines a modulation format for the input signal based on the comparison in the signal profiler (550).
US08237486B2	Clock control circuit and semiconductor memory apparatus using the same An internal clock frequency control circuit of a semiconductor memory apparatus includes a mode register set configured to receive a mode register set control signal and output a mode register set signal; a delay unit configured to generate an enable signal when a predetermined cycle has elapsed after the mode register set signal was activated; a division command decoder configured to receive and decode a synchronization command to generate a division start signal when the enable signal is activated; and a division selection unit configured to receive an input clock having a first frequency and output a selection clock having a second frequency, wherein a value of the second frequency is substantially the same as the first frequency or lower than the first frequency depending on a level of the division start signal.
US08237483B2	Processing clock signals A circuit for processing a clock signal including first and second clock edges of different polarities, the circuit including an inverter for inverting a first clock edge to generate an inverted first clock edge and inverting a second clock edge to generate an inverted second clock edge; a first pass gate for receiving the inverted clock edge and outputting a first trigger signal of a first polarity; and a second pass gate for receiving the second clock edge and outputting a second trigger signal of the first polarity, wherein the second pass gate is controlled to open responsive to the inverted second clock edge; whereby the delay between the first clock edge and the first trigger signal is substantially equal to the delay between the second clock edge and second trigger signal.
US08237482B2	Circuit and method for generating a clock signal A circuit comprises a frequency divider coupled to receive an oscillating signal generated by an oscillator and a division ratio and configured to divide the oscillating signal by the division ratio into a clock signal; a temperature compensation circuit configured to measure a temperature of the oscillator and generate a division ratio to be provided to the frequency divider and a first value on the basis of the measured temperature; and a control system configured to control connection between a calibration element and the oscillator based on the first value and the oscillating signal of the oscillator.
US08237477B1	Programmable clock generator used in dynamic-voltage-and-frequency-scaling (DVFS) operated in sub- and near- threshold region A programmable clock generator, which is used in dynamic-voltage-and-frequency-scaling (DVFS) operated in Sub- and Near-Threshold region. The programmable clock generator includes first pulse generating unit and a pulse multiplier. A first counter is configured to generate a first counting signal, so as to control the phase detector comparing the phase difference between a first pulse signal and a second pulse signal. A first control signal is transmitted by a control unit in accordance with a phase difference signal, and the phase of the second pulse signal is adjusted by a lock-in delay unit, so that a predetermined phase is generated between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal. The PVT variation may be compensated by the programmable clock generator during the sub threshold region. Therefore, the period of reference clock is in the locking range of lock-in delay line.
US08237475B1	Techniques for generating PVT compensated phase offset to improve accuracy of a locked loop A circuit includes a locked loop and a phase offset circuit. The locked loop generates first control signals for controlling a first delay in the locked loop. The phase offset circuit delays an input signal by a second delay that is controlled by second control signals to generate a delayed signal. The phase offset circuit generates the second control signals by adjusting the first control signals to increase the accuracy of the delayed signal with respect to a target phase. The second control signals compensate for at least a portion of a change in the second delay that is caused by a variation in at least one of a process, a supply voltage, and a temperature of the circuit.
US08237474B2	Delay line off-state control with power reduction A method and apparatus is provided for controlling a delay line for achieving power reduction. The device comprises a delay lock loop to provide an output signal based upon a phase difference between a reference signal and a feedback signal, said delay lock loop comprising at least one delay circuit comprising a plurality of logic gates configured to provide for substantially uniform degradation of a plurality of NAND gates in a static state.
US08237471B2	Circuit with stacked structure and use thereof An NAND circuit has a stacked structure having at least one symmetric NFET at a bottom of the stack. More particularly, the circuit has a stacked structure which includes an asymmetric FET and a symmetric FET. The symmetric FET is placed at the bottom of the stacked structure closer to ground than the asymmetric FET.
US08237470B2	Universal IO unit, associated apparatus and method A universal IO unit applied to a chip or an integrated circuit is provided. The universal IO unit includes a power pad and a plurality of signal pads for providing different functions. According to functional requirements of the universal IO unit, the pad power is selectively connected to an electric wire to couple to a predetermined voltage, and each of the signal pads is also selectively connected to a signal wire to transceive signals.
US08237459B2	Method of testing ground resistance by making use of existing telephone lines A fall of potential method of determining earth ground resistance which utilizes an earth ground tester and eliminates the need for utilizing removable ground stakes. Rather than utilizing a “far stake” the method provides connection of the earth ground tester to the telephone wires. Rather than utilizing a “near stake” the method provides for connection of the earth ground tester to the cable shield.
US08237456B2	Capacitive sensing In certain embodiments, a multi-channel capacitive sensor for measuring capacitances of sense electrodes to a system reference potential comprises a sample capacitor having first and second terminals. The sensor comprises a first diode having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the sample capacitor and a second terminal coupled to a first sense electrode, and comprises a second diode having a first terminal coupled to the second terminal of the sample capacitor and a second terminal coupled to a second sense electrode. A control circuit is operable to apply a drive signal to the first terminal of the sample capacitor and apply a bias signal to the respective second terminals of at least one of the first and second diodes so as to selectively prevent the at least one of the first and second diodes from conducting the drive signal to respectively connected sense electrodes.
US08237455B2	Occupant detection system with environmental compensation An occupant detection system includes an electrode in communication with a detector circuit that detects the impedance of the electrode and compensates for environmental conditions, such as humidity or moisture, based on the impedance measurement. Such environmental conditions may interfere with the occupant detection system's ability to detect the presence and/or size of an occupant. Typically, environmental conditions change the impedance of the electrode. The impedance is determined by measuring a frequency response of the electrode. The measured frequency response is compared to predetermined frequency response values that correspond to known environmental conditions. The environmental condition may be detected by matching the peak frequency response or average frequency response to in a lookup table.
US08237450B2	Method of testing insulation property of wafer-level chip scale package and TEG pattern used in the method A test element group (TEG) pattern formed of two wiring patterns alternately disposed in a swirl configuration is used for testing an insulation property of a wafer-level chip scale package (WL-CSP) having a micro wiring such as an inductor element. The insulation property of the WL-CSP can be monitored with enhanced accuracy by measuring a resistance value between solder terminals electrically connected to the swirl-shaped TEG pattern.
US08237449B2	Bi-directional high side current sense measurement A system for measuring a voltage drop between two nodes in an electrical circuit, comprising a switched capacitor integrator (SCI), a comparator and a counter. The SCI alternately (a) captures charge onto a set of sampling capacitors and (b) selectively accumulates/transfers the charge onto a pair of integration capacitors, where the charge includes a first portion that is based on the voltage drop and a second portion that depends on a digital indicator signal. The comparator generates the digital indicator signal based on whether an analog output of the SCI is positive or negative. The counter counts a number of ones occurring in the digital indicator signal during a measurement interval. At the end of the measurement interval, the count value represents a measure of the voltage drop. Knowing the resistance between the two nodes, the voltage drop may be converted into a current measurement.
US08237436B2	MR magnetometer with combined flip coil and compensation coil Compensation coil functionality and flip coil functionality are combined into a single combination coil that is placed under an angle α with respect to the length direction of a magneto-resistive sensor element. The angle α substantially deviates from 0° and 90°. This configuration enables to reduce the width of the current line of the planar combination coil, to reduce the effective threshold for sensor element switching, and to include features to simplify a 2D sensor design.
US08237432B2	Rotation angle sensor A rotation angle sensor providing excellent output characteristics is provided. The rotation angle sensor has a structure in which a ring-shaped permanent magnet provided so as to be rotatable integrally with a rotor connected to a member to be detected; magnetic flux gathering yokes surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped permanent magnet with a certain clearance being formed between the outer circumferential surface and the magnetic flux gathering yokes; and Hall ICs 30 arranged in gaps between the magnetic flux gathering yokes, are arranged inside a casing formed by a casing body and a cover. In the casing body, a guide tube surrounding the outer circumferential surface of the ring-shaped permanent magnet is formed with a certain clearance being formed between the outer circumferential surface and the guide tube. The guide tube is made of a material having a linear expansion coefficient smaller than that of the casing, and the magnetic flux gathering yokes are fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the guide tube.
US08237431B2	Wheel speed sensor A speed sensor assembly includes a bearing having a first race, a second race, a plurality of ball bearings separating the first race from the second race, and a tone wheel coupled to the second race. The speed sensor assembly also includes a spacer abutting the first race and a sensor positioned adjacent the tone wheel.
US08237430B2	Displacement sensor for a rod The displacement sensor (100) includes a rod (103) including a conical convex graduated magnetically anomalous region (105) and a magnetic sensor (110) located in close proximity to the concical convex graduated magnetically anomalous region (105). The magnetic sensor (110) generates a positional signal that is related to the position of the concical convex graduated magnetically anomalous region (105) in relation to the magnetic sensor (110).
US08237426B2	Flux linkage compensator for uninterruptible power supply The present invention discloses a flux linkage compensator, which applies to an UPS system and comprises a load transformer flux linkage observer, a compensation voltage command generator, and a flux linkage command generator. The load transformer flux linkage observer generates a load transformer flux linkage signal. The flux linkage command generator generates a flux linkage command signal. The difference between the load transformer flux linkage signal and the flux linkage command signal forms a flux linkage deviation signal. The compensation voltage command generator generates a voltage compensation signal to make the flux linkage deviation signal approach zero. Thereby, the flux linkage compensator can compensate for the flux linkage deviation occurring in starting the UPS system. Thus, the present invention can perform voltage compensation fast and reliably and inhibit the inrush current effectively.
US08237422B2	Efficient switch cascode architecture for switching devices Efficient switch cascode architecture for switching devices, such as switching regulators. The cascode architecture includes a switching stage responsive to an external driver signal for switching transitions, and a bias generator operative to bias the cascode transistor of the switching stage to protect the switching stage from damage during the switching transitions.
US08237421B1	Delivering optimal charge bursts in a voltage regulator In one embodiment, a method is provided for delivering optimal charge bursts in a voltage regulator under light load conditions. The method includes: in an initial period, determining an optimal turn-on time for a high-side switch of the voltage regulator to produce a desired voltage ripple; and in steady-state operation, turning on the high-side switch for approximately the optimal turn-on time, thereby delivering optimal charge bursts for the desired voltage ripple in the voltage regulator.
US08237415B2	Control circuit and method for capacitor charging circuit An output voltage monitoring circuit monitors an output voltage of a capacitor charging circuit. A first sample-and-hold circuit samples and holds a voltage of a connection point of a primary coil of a transformer and a switching transistor. A first monitoring comparator compares output of the first sample-and-hold circuit with a predetermined first reference voltage. When the output of the first sample-and-hold circuit exceeds the first reference voltage, a signal processor executes predetermined signal processing. The first sample-and-hold circuit starts a sampling period after a predetermined first time has elapsed after the switching transistor is turned OFF. When a voltage drop across a detection resistor reaches a third reference voltage, the first sample-and-hold circuit ends the sampling period.
US08237414B1	Multi-mode charger device Multi-mode charger device for charging portable devices and methods of charging portable devices are described. In an embodiment, a multi-mode charger device has mode blocks respectively associated with modes of operation which are coupled to a switch module. The switch module is for coupling a selected one of the mode blocks to a peripheral bus and to decouple the mode blocks remaining from the peripheral bus. A first mode of the modes of operation is a pass through mode. A second mode of the modes of operation is a first charging mode. A third mode of the modes of operation is a second charging mode. The first charging mode and the second charging mode are different from one another.
US08237406B2	Battery array voltage equalization device The present invention provides a battery array voltage equalization device comprising: a sampling unit which samples the battery voltage signals of the battery array according to a sampling control signal; an analog-to-digital converting unit which converts the sampled voltage signals into a digital voltage signal; a control unit which generates the sampling control signal and a driving signal based on the digital voltage signal; an equalization unit which equalizes the voltage signals of the battery array based on the driving signal; a filter unit which is connected to the equalization unit and the battery array. The present invention applies the filter unit to filter out the ripple signal generated during equalization.
US08237402B2	Magnetically coupled battery charging system Inductively coupled battery charging systems and methods are provided. Transmit circuitry can include a transmit coil operatively part of a transmit resonant circuit exhibiting resonance at a transmit resonant frequency and an unloaded Q value of at least about 20. Transmit coil can generate a magnetic field at about the transmit resonant frequency. Rechargeable battery assembly can include a receive coil configured to receive inductively coupled current, and circuitry configured to rectify the current and communicate charging power to a storage cell. Receive coil can be part of a receive resonant circuit that exhibits resonance at about the transmit resonant frequency. Transmit circuitry can be configured to regulate alternating current produced in the transmit coil based on current flowing in the transmit resonant circuit and/or maintain the magnetic field at about the transmit resonant frequency by maintaining about a ninety degree phase shift between a square wave input and output.
US08237400B2	Modular battery system having battery monitoring and data collection Disclosed herein is a modular battery system having at least one subsystem comprising a plurality of battery modules connected in series or parallel, wherein each subsystem preferably having a first endplate and a second endplate. The battery modules may be bound between the first and second endplates. A plurality of band members couple the first and second endplates to each other and bind the battery module between the endplates. Further, a data collection panel is in electrical communication with each of the battery modules and the data collection panel transmits status information of the modules to a master control module, which converts the electrical into a data transmission through a controller area network (CAN) bus. Status information may include module temperature, module pressure and module voltage, essentially any measurable parameter that may be conducted via an electrical signal. Depending on the needs of a given application, the battery modules may be connected in series or parallel.
US08237398B2	Electric system, charging device and charging method for electric system for discharging of a power storage mechanism for resetting a state of a charge An ECU executes a program including the steps of causing a battery pack to discharge when an external power supply is connected to a charger, stopping discharge of the battery pack when a state of charge of the battery pack is reduced to a reset value, and charging the battery pack after the state of charge is reduced to the reset value.
US08237396B2	Motor driving device, and control method of motor driving device A motor driving device includes a first power supply terminal, a second power supply terminal, a drive unit that is coupled to the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal, and a motor winding, a control unit that controls the drive unit, and a resistive element that is coupled between the drive unit and the first power supply terminal. The control unit makes the motor winding and the resistive element form a loop circuit when a voltage between the first power supply terminal and the second power supply terminal exceeds a predetermined value.
US08237394B2	Method for initializing indicating instrument for vehicle According to a method for initializing an indicating instrument for a vehicle, zero-reset processing is performed. In the zero-reset processing, a control device is made to control a drive signal to rotate a pointer in a zero-reset direction in order to force a step motor to lose synchronization. Furthermore, synchronization loss detection processing is performed. In the detection processing, a physical phenomenon generated in a rotary drive system due to forcible synchronization loss of the motor during the zero-reset processing, is detected. Then, an electrical angle of the drive signal at a time of detection of the phenomenon is selected as a synchronization loss electrical angle. Finally, zero point setting processing is performed. In the setting processing, the electrical angle phase-shifted from the synchronization loss electrical angle in an indication value increasing direction by 180 degrees or less, is set as a zero point stored in the control device.
US08237387B2	System and method for controlling duty cycle of CPU fan A fan duty cycle controlling system and method are implemented by a computing device. The fan duty cycle controlling system obtains an optimum duty cycle range of a fan around a central processing unit (CPU), and controls the fan to operate at the optimum duty cycle range. By implementing the system and method, the computing device can obtain an optimum cooling efficiency of the computer system, and reduce system noise generated by the fan when the fan operates at the optimum duty cycle range.
US08237386B2	Methods and apparatuses for operating a data processing system Methods and apparatuses to manage working states of a data processing system. At least one embodiment of the present invention includes a data processing system with one or more sensors (e.g., physical sensors such as tachometer and thermistors, and logical sensors such as CPU load) for fine grain control of one or more components (e.g., processor, fan, hard drive, optical drive) of the system for working conditions that balance various goals (e.g., user preferences, performance, power consumption, thermal constraints, acoustic noise). In one example, the clock frequency and core voltage for a processor are actively managed to balance performance and power consumption (heat generation) without a significant latency. In one example, the speed of a cooling fan is actively managed to balance cooling effort and noise (and/or power consumption).
US08237385B2	Systems and methods for detecting position for a brushless DC motor A system for determining a commutation state for a brushless DC motor includes a controller configured to control current that is applied to drive each of a plurality of phases of the motor. A time delay system is configured to measure, for a given commutation state, a time delay from when a voltage associated with a driven phase of the plurality of phases crosses a predetermined threshold and a voltage associated with a floating phase of the plurality of motor phases crosses the predetermined threshold. Logic is configured to determine the commutation state for the motor based on the measured time delay.
US08237384B2	Dynamic braking circuit for a hybrid locomotive Methods of dynamic braking include two embodiments with braking circuits for vehicles such as, for example, locomotives which are operable down to very low speeds. These circuits can provide a braking force even at zero locomotive speed.
US08237382B2	LED module and method for operating at least one LED An LED module (10) for operating at least one LED (18) comprising an input (E1, E2) adapted for coupling to a DC voltage source (UE); an output (A1, A2) adapted for coupling to the at least one LED (18); a filter device (14); and a DC-DC converter (16); wherein the filter device (14) and the DC-DC converter (16) are coupled in series between the input (E1, E2) and the output (A1, A2), and wherein the output (DCA1, DCA2) of the DC-DC converter (16) is coupled to the output (A1, A2) of the LED module (10); wherein the LED module further comprises an electronic switch (Q1), which is configured to couple the DC-DC converter (16) to the input (E1, E2) of the LED module (10) and to decouple it therefrom.
US08237381B2	Flexible electrical connection of an LED-based illumination device to a light fixture An electrical interface module (EIM) is provided between an LED illumination device and a light fixture. The EIM includes an arrangement of contacts that are adapted to be coupled to an LED illumination device and a second arrangement of contacts that are adapted to be coupled to the light fixture and may include a power converter. Additionally, an LED selection module may be included to selectively turn on or off LEDs. A communication port may be included to transmit information associated with the LED illumination device, such as identification, indication of lifetime, flux, etc. The lifetime of the LED illumination device may be measured and communicated, e.g., by an RF signal, IR signal, wired signal or by controlling the light output of the LED illumination device. An optic that is replaceably mounted to the LED illumination device may include, e.g., a flux sensor that is connected to the electrical interface.
US08237378B2	Driving device for discharge lamp, light source device, projector, and driving method for discharge lamp A driving device adapted to drive a discharge lamp including first and second electrodes adapted to generate discharge light, a primary reflecting mirror disposed on a side of the second electrode and adapted to reflect the discharge light, a secondary reflecting mirror disposed on a side of the first electrode and adapted to reflect the discharge light. The driving device includes: a deterioration detection section adapted to detect a degree of progression of deterioration in the first and the second electrodes; and a deterioration handling section adapted to increase first anode power energy, which is supplied while the first electrode acts as an anode, in accordance with the degree of progression of the deterioration detected by the deterioration detection section.
US08237376B2	Fast switching, overshoot-free, current source and method A method and a circuit may have an ability to provide constant currents of a certain set value, the rising and falling edges of which may be shorter than the design minimum on-phase. Essentially, these results may be obtained by keeping an operational amplifier that controls the output power switch in an active state during off-phases of an impulsive drive signal received by the current source circuit in order to maintain the output voltage of the operational amplifier at or just below the voltage to be applied to the control terminal of the output power switch during a successive on-phase of a received drive pulse signal.
US08237375B2	Illuminating system and method thereof The present invention discloses an illuminating system and a method thereof, comprising a light emitting module, a light sensor and a control module, wherein the control module connects to the light emitting module and the light sensor. The light emitting module emitting light with a first frequency, the light sensor detecting an intensity of incident light, and the control module controls the light emitting module to emit light with a second frequency according to the intensity of incident light.
US08237374B2	LED lighting device and lighting equipment An LED lighting device including a DC power source circuit, a high frequency generation circuit which includes an inverter circuit having switching elements and a resonance circuit having a series-connected inductor and condenser, in which the switching elements are on-off controlled by a no-load resonance frequency of the resonance circuit, and DC voltage input from the DC power source circuit is converted into a high frequency AC voltage, a rectification smoothing circuit having an input side which is connected between both edges of the condenser or both edges of the inductor; and a light emitting diode series connected to an output side of the rectification smoothing circuit.
US08237369B2	Light source apparatus and driving circuit thereof A light source apparatus and a light source driving circuit are provided. The light source driving circuit includes an operation amplifier (OP-AMP), a transistor, and a switch unit. A first input terminal and an output terminal of the OP-AMP couple to a predetermined voltage and a control terminal of the transistor, respectively. A first terminal of the transistor couples to a light source. The switch unit includes a first signal terminal receiving a first voltage greater than a predetermined voltage, a second signal terminal coupled to a second input terminal of the OP-AMP, a third signal terminal coupled to a second terminal of the transistor, and an enabling terminal receiving a driving voltage. A voltage of the third signal terminal or a voltage of the first signal terminal is determined to transmit to the second signal terminal in accordance with the driving voltage.
US08237367B2	Plasma treatment apparatus and plasma treatment method According to the plasma treatment on an object accommodated in the processing room, the plasma treatment is carried out as follows. The discharge detecting sensor detects a signal of potential change caused with change in plasma discharge. Receiving the signal, the signal recording section temporarily records the signal as signal data indicating potential change. Referencing the signal data, the signal analysis section extracts index data. The index data shows a condition of plasma discharge, for example, as a count value for discharge-start waves, a count value for abnormal discharge, a count value for feeble arc discharge. The device control section judges a condition of plasma discharge by monitoring the index data and carries out the retry process, the accumulative plasma process, and the maintenance judgment process for performing plasma treatment operations properly.
US08237366B2	Output window with venting means for use with a vacuum electron device An output window for a vacuum electron device comprises an output waveguide, an intermediate layer of dielectric material joined to the interior of the output waveguide with a vacuum-tight seal, and upper and lower layers of dielectric material spaced apart from the intermediate layer and arranged above and below, respectively, the intermediate layer in a vertical orientation of the output waveguide. The upper and lower layers including openings. Supports extend inwardly into the output waveguide and support the upper and lower layers. Pillars extend through the openings in the lower layer and support the intermediate layer. The openings in the upper and lower layers permit a venting of a region between the upper layer and the intermediate layer and a region between the lower layer and the intermediate layer during the sealing of the intermediate layer while the intermediate layer is supported by the pillars.
US08237365B2	Enclosed high pressure discharge lamp In various embodiments, a high-pressure discharge lamp is provided. The high-pressure discharge lamp may include a discharge vessel which is accommodated in a tubular outer bulb, wherein a major part of the outer bulb is closely surrounded by a transparent sleeve composed of highly heat-resistant plastic.
US08237362B2	Plasma display panel and method of manufacturing the same A plasma display panel (PDP) and a method of manufacturing the same with improved luminous efficiency. The PDP includes: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a plurality of sustain electrode pairs between the first substrate and the second substrate and extending in a first direction; a plurality of address electrodes on the second substrate and extending in a second direction crossing the first direction; a first dielectric layer on the second substrate for covering the address electrodes; a discharge enhancement layer on the first dielectric layer; a plurality of barrier ribs on the discharge enhancement layer and defining discharge cells between the first and second substrates; and phosphor layers in the discharge cells, wherein the discharge enhancement layer has an opening in each of the discharge cells, and wherein the barrier ribs have a roughness less than that of the discharge enhancement layer.
US08237360B2	Color display device having white sub-pixels and embedded light reflective layers Disclosed is a color display device containing plural pixels on a substrate, each pixel is composed of plural sub-pixels which emit lights different in wavelength in the visible range and a white sub-pixel, the plural sub-pixels and the white sub-pixel each have a white organic electroluminescence layer interposed between an optically semitransparent reflection layer and a light reflection layer, the optical distance between the optically semitransparent reflection layer and the light reflection layer in each of the plural sub-pixels forms a resonator having a distance for resonating emitted light, and the optical distance between the optically semitransparent reflection layer and the light reflection layer in the white sub-pixel is longer than the maximum optical distance between the optically semitransparent reflection layer and the light reflection layer in each of the plural sub-pixels.
US08237358B2	Top emission type organic electroluminescent display device including X-ray shield layer and method of fabricating the same A top emission type organic electroluminescent display device includes a first substrate including a pixel region, a switching thin film transistor and a driving thin film transistor in the pixel region on the first substrate, a passivation layer covering the switching thin film transistor and the driving thin film transistor and exposing a drain electrode of the driving thin film transistor, a connection electrode on the passivation layer and contacting the drain electrode of the driving thin film transistor, a partition wall corresponding to a border between adjacent pixel regions and overlapping an edge portion of the connection electrode, an x-ray shield layer on the connection electrode between adjacent partition walls, the x-ray shield layer automatically patterned in the pixel region due to the partition wall, a first electrode on the x-ray shield layer, a bank covering the partition wall and contacting an edge portion of the first electrode, an organic emission layer on the first electrode between adjacent banks, a second electrode on the organic emission layer, and a second substrate facing the first substrate and being transparent.
US08237355B2	Display device with spacer structure It is an object of the invention to provide a technique to manufacture a display device with high image quality and high reliability at low cost with high yield. The invention has spacers over a pixel electrode layer in a pixel region and over an insulating layer functioning as a partition which covers the periphery of the pixel electrode layer. When forming a light emitting material over a pixel electrode layer, a mask for selective formation is supported by the spacers, thereby preventing the mask from contacting the pixel electrode layer due to a twist and deflection thereof. Accordingly, such damage as a crack by the mask does not occur in the pixel electrode layer. Thus, the pixel electrode layer does not have a defect in shapes, thereby a display device which performs a high resolution display with high reliability can be manufactured.
US08237350B2	Light-emitting device A light-emitting device includes a package having, on a surface thereof, a first portion surrounded by a second portion; a semiconductor blue color light-emitting element mounted on the first portion; a first transparent resin layer covering the semiconductor blue color light-emitting element and contacted with the first and second portions. The first transparent resin layer in cross section has an arch-like outer profile. A laminated body having in cross section an arch-like profile is formed on the first transparent resin layer with end faces of the laminated body being contacted with the second portion, and includes in order a red fluorescent layer, a yellow fluorescent layer, a second transparent resin layer and a green fluorescent layer, the second transparent resin layer having a center portion disposed between end face portions, the center portion having a larger thickness than thicknesses of the end face portions.
US08237343B2	Spark plug having a metal fitting portion for holding an insulator at a portion opposite a tip end Provided is a spark plug that includes a center electrode extending in an axial direction, a cylindrical insulator that holds the center electrode, and a cylindrical main metal fitting, which has a ground electrode at a tip portion thereof. The cylindrical main metal fitting includes a tool engagement portion for mounting the spark plug to an engine and a metal fitting-side fitting portion provided at a rear side of the main metal fitting opposite from the tip portion. The metal fitting-side fitting portion holds the insulator in a tightly fitted state in a radial direction.
US08237336B2	Array scanning type ultrasound probe A technology is disclosed which provides an array scanning type ultrasound probe capable of preventing a diminution of ultrasound of a piezoelectric device at the time of transmission and at the time of reception due to its damage and thereby reducing a sensitivity deterioration of a diagnostic image. According to the technology, included are an electroacoustic conversion unit formed by arranging multiple piezoelectric devices and multiple acoustic matching layers in a predetermined direction, each of the multiple piezoelectric devices being an electroacoustic conversion device, the multiple acoustic matching layers being respectively stacked on the multiple piezoelectric devices; and a signal flexible board transferring electric signals to be transmitted to and received from the multiple piezoelectric devices. An incision passing through the multiple piezoelectric devices in respective thickness directions of the piezoelectric devices and extending into the corresponding acoustic matching layers stacked thereon is provided in parallel to the arrangement direction.
US08237335B2	Thermally enhanced ultrasound transducer means A system and method for removing unwanted heat generated by a piezoelectric element of an ultrasound transducer. Some implementations have high thermal conductivity (HTC) material placed adjacent to the piezoelectric element. The HTC material can be thermally coupled to one or more heat sinks. Use of HTC material in conjunction with these piezoelectric element surfaces is managed to avoid degradation of propagating acoustic energy. Use of the HTC material in conjunction with heat sinks allows for creation of thermal paths away from the piezoelectric element. Active cooling of the heat sinks with water or air can further draw heat from the piezoelectric element. Further implementations form a composite matrix of thermally conductive material or interleave thermally conductive layers with piezoelectric material.
US08237330B2	Vibrating element, fabrication method thereof, and ultrasonic motor having the same A vibrating element of an ultrasonic motor includes a vibrating member, and a piezoelectric body to produce a traveling wave thus to vibrate the vibrating member when electric power is applied to the piezoelectric body. The piezoelectric body includes a first piezoelectric layer attached to the vibrating member and in which positive poles and negative poles are alternately polarized, a second piezoelectric layer attached to the first piezoelectric layer and in which positive poles and negative poles are alternately polarized, a plurality of electrodes formed on opposite surfaces of the first and second piezoelectric layers, and an electrode connecting part formed on outer circumferential surfaces of the first and second piezoelectric layers to selectively connect the plurality of electrodes to one other.
US08237325B2	Energy transducer and method The invention is an energy transducer that utilizes a material's internal energy as an energy source by operating in a cycle where there is a net loss in the material's internal energy without the need to raise the temperature of the material above ambient temperature. The invention is accomplished by the use of selected materials in which the material's mechanical strain, magnetization or electric polarization can be controlled by cross coupling forces, and where the cross coupling coefficients are not equal to each other in finite operating regions.
US08237317B2	Driving device A device for moving a movable structural component with respect to a stationary structural component includes a first fastening element which can be fastened to the movable structural component, and a housing tube having a second fastening element which can be fastened to the stationary structural component. A spindle drive for moving the first fastening element axially relative to the housing between an extended position and a retracted position includes a spindle nut arranged on a threaded spindle. An electric motor arranged in the housing tube drives one of the spindle nut and the threaded spindle in rotation. A power supply for supplying power to the electric motor includes a power output stage arranged in the housing tube, wherein the power output stage is shielded from electrical and magnetic fields.
US08237315B2	Step motor Disclosed herein is a PM type step motor used to move a camera or an optical pickup lens of media related equipment. The step motor has a stator unit including first and second stators which butt against and are coupled to each other and each have a bobbin and a yoke attached thereto. Terminal blocks of the first and second stators are spaced apart from each other when the first and second stators are coupled to each other, thus allowing an automatic winding operation using winding equipment to be easily performed. The step motor includes a bushing which has in a central portion thereof a through hole through which a rotating shaft passes and is a two-stage structure having a small outer diameter part and a large outer diameter part, thus allowing the stator unit, the rotating shaft and a casing unit to easily be arranged coaxially.
US08237314B2	Horizontal linear vibrator Disclosed herein is a horizontal linear vibrator. The horizontal linear vibrator includes: a case and a bracket that are assembled with each other to form an inner space; a hollow coil that is installed in the case or the bracket; a vibrator that includes a magnetic field unit including one or more magnet disposed to penetrate through the inside of the hollow coil and a yoke formed to enclose the hollow coil and the magnets to generate magnetic field and a weight mounted in the magnetic field unit; a buffer member that is provided between the hollow coil and the yoke; and a spring member whose one end is fixed to the case or the bracket and other end is fixed to the vibrator and elastically supports the vibrator so as to horizontally move the vibrator. Thereby, there is provided the horizontal linear vibrator that has a horizontal vibration structure capable of maintaining the lifetime and response characteristics of the horizontal linear vibrator, implementing the sliminess thereof, increasing the vibration quantity thereof while controlling the motion displacement and improving the durability thereof.
US08237313B2	Method and apparatus for wireless transmission and reception of electric power An electric transmission system utilizes charge displacement for the wireless delivery of electric power. A transmitter for radiating a charge displacement current at a frequency of approximately 2 to 7 kHz to a receiver located remote from the transmitter. The receiver receives the charge displacement current and converts the current into a form of electric power usable by an electrical device coupled to the receiver. The transmitter may use a step up transformer with an input approximating a series of step function pulses at the intended transmission frequency to produce the required high voltage for transmission. The primary winding of the transformer is part of a tuned circuit having a resonant frequency higher than the frequency of the charge displacement current radiated.
US08237312B2	Electrochemical cell system having a dual function DC-to-DC converter A technique includes operating a converter to convert a first voltage produced by an electrochemical cell stack in a power producing mode into a second voltage. The technique includes operating the converter to convert a third voltage into a fourth voltage to drive the electrochemical cell stack in a pumping mode.
US08237311B2	Switching device An electrical switching device which enables an electrical system, particularly a power distribution system, is structured rationally and simply. The switching device, in particular embodied in the form of a rail-mounted device, contains a housing and, included therein, a switching unit for interrupting an electrical circuit, and a supply connection for feeding a current to the switching unit. The supply connection has a first coupling contact for connecting to a current busbar, a load connection for connecting a feed conductor of a load circuit to the switching unit, and a return connection which has a connecting terminal for connecting to the return conductor of the load circuit and a second coupling contact connected to the connecting terminal inside the housing for connecting to a second current busbar.
US08237310B2	Voltage monitoring circuit for redundant power systems A redundant power system determines a rate of decline of a voltage supplied by a remote power source. The redundant power system further supplies power from a redundant power source to the remote power source based on the determined rate of decline of the voltage supplied by the remote power source.
US08237307B2	Time-shared digital power controller Methods and systems for providing electrical power, including determining a plurality of fine power duty cycles according to a respective plurality of power values, and generating the respective plurality of power values using a time-shared pulse-width modulator (PWM), the time-shared PWM being configured to be modulated at the respective plurality of fine duty power cycles during a respective plurality of time slots.
US08237306B2	Pneumatically telescoping mast having lighting and DC operated controls A control system for a pneumatically operated mast has a first control, a second control, and a positioning member. A first serial link communicates the first control with the second control. A second serial link communicates the second control with the positioning member. A relay system communicates with the first and second control and the positioning member. The relay system accommodates a 12 voltage or 24 voltage source.
US08237303B2	Organic rankine cycle (ORC) turbo generator for prevention of penetration of working fluid An organic rankine cycle (ORC) turbo generator for prevention of penetration of a working fluid is provided, which can block penetration of the working fluid from a turbine into a generator, thereby improving the efficiency of power generation. The turbo generator comprises: a turbine including a turbine housing, a turbine blade and a fluid injection nozzle; a generator including a generator housing connected to the turbine housing, a rotor rotatably mounted inside the generator housing and a rotary shaft mounted to the turbine blade, and a first bearing and a second bearing mounted at the front and rear ends of the rotor; and working fluid penetration-preventing means adapted to block the pressure generated from the turbine so as to prevent the working fluid injected from the fluid injection nozzle from being penetrated into the generator.
US08237302B2	Main circuit of electric power generating apparatus for dispersed power supply Main circuit of an electric power generating apparatus for dispersed power supply, having a permanent magnet type electric power generator driven by windmill or waterwheel and having three windings, each inducing a different value of induced voltage, AC outputs of the generator rectified by rectifiers, and DC outputs of the rectifiers summed in parallel for output. First and second reactors are respectively connected in series between first and second rectifiers and output terminals of first and second windings, the first winding inducing the lowest induced voltage among the three windings, the second winding inducing the second lowest. A capacitor is connected between a third rectifier and an output terminal of a third winding inducing the highest induced voltage. The sum of inductive impedance by internal inductance of the third winding and capacitive impedance by the capacitor is capacitive impedance within a range of rotational speed of the generator.
US08237300B2	Genset power system having multiple modes of operation A power system is disclosed. The power system may have an engine, a generator, a monitoring device configured to monitor the generator and to generate a signal, and a performance module configured to provide an alarm and a shutdown command to the engine based on the signal. The power system may further have a switching device with a first condition and a second condition. When the first condition of the switching device is active, the performance module may be overridden, the engine may be operated at a reduced speed and load output, and the generator may be inhibited from producing electrical power. When the second condition of the switching device is active, the performance module may affect operation of the power system, the engine may be operated at an elevated speed and load output, and the generator may be allowed to produce electrical power directed to the external load.
US08237294B2	Dicing tape-integrated wafer back surface protective film The present invention provides a dicing tape-integrated wafer back surface protective film including: a dicing tape including a base material and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed on the base material; and a wafer back surface protective film formed on the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the dicing tape, in which the wafer back surface protective film is colored. It is preferable that the colored wafer back surface protective film has a laser marking ability. The dicing tape-integrated wafer back surface protective film can be suitably used for a flip chip-mounted semiconductor device.
US08237293B2	Semiconductor package with protective tape An improved semiconductor package includes thermal tape placed over a top side of a die that is attached to a substrate with an underfill material. The tape extends to the substrate. The tape deforms with heat and entraps the die and underfill material. Air bubbles are trapped between the tape and the die and underfill material. The tape can be weighted and lined with an adhesive material. The tape aids in preventing the die from cracking due to mishandling.
US08237292B2	Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing the same A substrate (1) and a semiconductor chip (5) are connected by means of flip-chip interconnection. Around connecting pads (3) of the substrate (1) and input/output terminals (10) of the semiconductor chip (5), an underfill material (7) is injected. The underfill material (7) is a composite material of filler and resin in which the maximum particle diameter of the filler is 5 μm or below and whose filler content is 40 to 60 wt %. Also, a first main surface of the substrate (1), which is not covered with the underfill material (7), and the side surfaces of the semiconductor chip (5) are encapsulated with a molding material (8). The molding material (8) is a composite material of filler and resin whose filler content is over 75 wt % and in which the glass transition temperature of the resin is over 180° C. An integrated body of the substrate (1) and the semiconductor chip (5), which are covered with the molding material (8), is thinned from above and below.
US08237291B2	Stack package A stack package includes a substrate having an upper surface and a lower surface which faces away from the upper surface, a lower stack group, an upper stack group, and connection members. The lower stack group is attached to the upper surface of the substrate and includes at least two semiconductor chips which are stacked in a face-up type to form on or more steps. The upper stack group is disposed over the lower stack group and includes at least two semiconductor chips which are stacked in a face-down type in such a way as to form one or more steps whose direction mirrors the direction of the at least one step of the lower stack group. The connection members electrically connect the semiconductor chips of the lower and upper stack groups to the substrate.
US08237288B1	Enhanced electromigration resistance in TSV structure and design The embodiments provide a method for reducing electromigration in a circuit containing a through-silicon via (TSV) and the resulting novel structure for the TSV. A TSV is formed through a semiconductor substrate. A first end of the TSV connects to a first metallization layer on a device side of the semiconductor substrate. A second end of the TSV connects to a second metallization layer on a grind side of the semiconductor substrate. A first flat edge is created on the first end of the TSV at the intersection of the first end of the TSV and the first metallization layer. A second flat edge is created on the second end of the TSV at the intersection of the second end of the TSV and the second metallization layer. On top of the first end a metal contact grid is placed, having less than eighty percent metal coverage.
US08237287B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes a substrate over which a circuit is formed, a multi-layer wiring layer having a plurality of wiring layers formed over the substrate and a pad formed in a predetermined location of an uppermost layer of the wiring layers, a new pad provided in an appropriate location over the multi-layer wiring layer, and a redistribution layer provided with a redistribution line coupling the new pad and the pad. In the semiconductor device: the multi-layer wiring layer includes a signal line for transmitting an electric signal to the circuit and a ground line provided in a wiring layer between the redistribution line or the new pad and the circuit; the ground line is formed to correspond to a location where the new pad is assumed to be located and a route along which the redistribution line is assumed to be formed; and the redistribution line is formed along at least a portion of the ground line.
US08237284B2	Contact plug of semiconductor device and method of forming the same The present invention relates to a contact plug of a semiconductor device and a method of forming the same. The method includes forming an insulating layer over a semiconductor substrate, forming contact holes in the insulating layer, forming a first conductive layer over the insulating layer including the contact holes, etching the first conductive layer so that the first conductive layer remains at lower portions of the contact holes, wherein the insulating layer is also etched in order to widen upper widths of the contact holes, and forming a second conductive layer over the first conductive layer of the contact holes, thus forming the contact plugs.
US08237282B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate including a main surface; a plurality of first interconnections formed in a capacitance forming region defined on the main surface and extending in a predetermined direction; a plurality of second interconnections each adjacent to the first interconnection located at an edge of the capacitance forming region, extending in the predetermined direction, and having a fixed potential; and an insulating layer formed on the main surface and filling in between each of the first interconnections and between the first interconnection and the second interconnection adjacent to each other. The first interconnections and the second interconnections are located at substantially equal intervals in a plane parallel to the main surface, and located to align in a direction substantially perpendicular to the predetermined direction.
US08237281B2	Semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes at least three or more wiring layers stacked in an interlayer insulating film on a semiconductor substrate, a seal ring provided at the outer periphery of a chip region of the semiconductor substrate and a chip strength reinforcement provided in part of the chip region near the seal ring. The chip strength reinforcement is made of a plurality of dummy wiring structures and each of the plurality of dummy wiring structures is formed to extend across and within two or more of the wiring layers including one or none of the bottommost wiring layer and the topmost wiring layer using a via portion.
US08237278B2	Configurable interposer A modularized interposer includes a plurality of interposer units that are assembled to provide a complete set of electrical connections between two semiconductor chips. At least some of the plurality of interposer units can be replaced with other interposer units having an alternate configuration to enable selection of different functional parts of semiconductor chips to be connected through the modularized interposer. Bonding structures, connected to conductive metal pads located at peripheries of neighboring interposer units and an overlying or underlying portion of a semiconductor chip, can provide electrical connections between the neighboring interposer units. The interposer units can be provided by forming through-substrate vias (TSV's) in a substrate, forming patterned conductive structures on the substrate, and cutting the substrate into interposers.
US08237274B1	Integrated circuit package with redundant micro-bumps A semiconductor device is provided that includes a substrate having opposing first and second surfaces and an interconnect structure extending between the first and second surfaces. A plurality of bond pads are located on the first surface of the substrate and the bond pads are electrically connected to the interconnect structure. The bond pads each have two or more micro-bumps, with the two or more micro-bumps on each bond pad being arranged to electrically connect the bond pad to one die pad of a semiconductor die. A plurality of external contacts are located on the second surface of the substrate and the external contacts are electrically connected to the interconnect structure.
US08237273B2	Metal post chip connecting device and method free to use soldering material A metal post chip connecting device without soldering materials is revealed, primarily comprising a chip and a substrate. A plurality of metal pillars are disposed on and extruded from a surface of the chip where each metal pillar has an end surface and two corresponding parallel sidewalls. The substrate has an upper surface and a plurality of bonding pads disposed on the upper surface where each bonding pad has a concaved bottom surface and two corresponding concaved sidewalls. The chip is bonded onto the upper surface of the substrate through heat, pressure, and ultrasonic power so that the end surfaces of the metal pillars self-solder to the concaved bottom surfaces and two parallel sidewalls of the metal pillars partially self-solder to two concaved sidewalls to form U-shape cross-sections of metal bonding between the metal pillars and the bonding pads. Therefore, there is no need for the conventional solder paste as chip connection to increase conductivity of the soldering points, especially, to save the soldering cost for MPS-C2 products and to greatly enhance the bonding strength of the soldering points. The manufacturing method of the above described metal post chip connecting device is also revealed.
US08237267B2	Semiconductor device having a microcomputer chip mounted over a memory chip A semiconductor device with semiconductor chips stacked thereon is provided. The semiconductor device is reduced in size and thickness. In a first memory chip and a second memory chip, first pads of the first memory chip located at a lower stage and hidden by the second memory chip located at an upper stage are drawn out by re-wiring lines, whereby the first pads projected and exposed from the overlying second memory chip and second pads of the second memory chip can be coupled together through wires. Further, a microcomputer chip and third pads formed on re-wiring lines are coupled together through wires over the second memory chip, whereby wire coupling of the stacked memory chips can be done without intervention of a spacer.
US08237264B2	Method of manufacturing semiconductor device and thermal annealing apparatus A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device has forming a ferroelectric film over a substrate, placing the substrate having the ferroelectric film in a chamber substantially held in vacuum, introducing oxygen and an inert gas into the chamber, annealing the ferroelectric film in the chamber, and containing oxygen and the inert gas while the chamber is maintained sealed.
US08237262B2	Method and system for innovative substrate/package design for a high performance integrated circuit chipset Provided is a method and system for designing an integrated circuit (IC) substrate, the substrate being formed to include at least one die. The method includes providing at least portions of IC power and a grounding function on a metal 2 substrate layer and utilizing all of a metal 3 substrate layer for the grounding function. Portions of the metal 2 layer and a metal 4 layer are utilized for the IC power, wherein all of the IC power is centralized underneath the die.
US08237260B2	Power semiconductor module with segmented base plate A power semiconductor module with segmented base plate. One embodiment provides a semiconductor module including a base plate and at least two circuit carriers. The base plate includes at least two base plate segments spaced distant from one another. Each of the circuit carriers includes a ceramic substrate provided with at least a first metallization layer. Each of the circuit carriers is arranged on exactly one of the base plate segments. At least two of the circuit carriers are spaced distant from one another.
US08237256B2	Integrated package A device substrate has a device major surface, a semiconductor element on the device major surface, and electrically conductive device connectors extending across the device major surface. An interconnection substrate has an interconnection substrate having an interconnection major surface, the interconnection substrate defining at least one sealing recess recessed from the interconnection major surface, the sealing recess being surrounded by a sealing ring. The device substrate is mounted on the interconnection substrate with the interconnection major surface facing the device major surface, the sealing ring around the semiconductor element and with the device major surface sealed against the sealing ring so that the recess forms a sealed cavity containing the semiconductor element. Electrical interconnects extend across the interconnection major surface. Interconnection bumps are provided outside the sealing ring to electrically connect the device to the interconnect substrate.
US08237255B2	Multi-layer printed circuit board having built-in integrated circuit package A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is provided in which at least one built-in Integrated Circuit (IC) package has a plurality of conductive bumps on an IC. The plurality of conductive bumps are for external electrical connection. The IC package is accommodated within a core layer of a multi-layer PCB by a connection member on the IC. The connection member is formed between the conductive bumps and the core layer with contact holes in contact with the conductive bumps. The conductive bumps are electrically connected through conductor layers formed in the contact holes.
US08237254B2	Distributed semiconductor device methods, apparatus, and systems Some embodiments include a device having a number of memory cells and associated circuitry for accessing the memory cells. The memory cells of the device may be formed in one or more memory cell dice. The associated circuitry of the device may also be formed in one or more dice, optionally separated from the memory cell dice.
US08237249B2	Stacked multichip package A stacked multichip package comprises a first chip having a first active surface and a first rear surface, a first chip carrier having a first opening and being configured to carrier the first active surface, a plurality of first conductive leads passing through the first opening and being configured to electrically connect the first active surface and the first chip carrier, a second chip having a second active surface and a second rear surface, an adhesive layer configured to enclose the first conductive leads and to electrically couple the first chip carrier to the second rear surface, a second chip carrier having a second opening and being electrically connected to the second active surface, and a plurality of conductive leads passing through the second opening and being configured to electrically connect the second active surface and the second chip carrier.
US08237233B2	Field effect transistor having a gate structure with a first section above a center portion of the channel region and having a first effective work function and second sections above edges of the channel region and having a second effective work function In view of the foregoing, disclosed herein are embodiments of an improved field effect transistor (FET) structure and a method of forming the structure. The FET structure embodiments each incorporate a unique gate structure. Specifically, this gate structure has a first section above a center portion of the FET channel region and second sections above the channel width edges (i.e., above the interfaces between the channel region and adjacent isolation regions). The first and second sections differ (i.e., they have different gate dielectric layers and/or different gate conductor layers) such that they have different effective work functions (i.e., a first and second effective work-function, respectively). The different effective work functions are selected to ensure that the threshold voltage at the channel width edges is elevated.
US08237230B2	Semiconductor device comprising a dummy well and method of fabricating the same Provided are a semiconductor device and a method of fabricating the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device can include first transistors that include a first gate insulating layer having a first thickness and second transistors include a second gate insulating layer having a second thickness less than the first thickness. At least one of the transistors formed on the first or second gate insulating layers is directly over a dummy well.
US08237228B2	System comprising a semiconductor device and structure A system includes a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor layer comprising first transistors, wherein the first transistors are interconnected by at least one metal layer comprising aluminum or copper. The second mono-crystallized semiconductor layer includes second transistors and is overlaying the at least one metal layer, wherein the second mono-crystallized semiconductor layer is less than 150 nm in thickness, and at least one of the second transistors is an N-type transistor and at least one of the second transistors is a P-type transistor.
US08237226B2	Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same A method of fabricating a semiconductor device according to one embodiment includes: forming a fin and a film on a semiconductor substrate, the film being located at least either on the fin or under the fin and on the semiconductor substrate; forming a gate electrode so as to sandwich both side faces of the fin via a gate insulating film; and expanding or shrinking the film, thereby generating a strain in a height direction of the fin in a channel region.
US08237217B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a charge storage layer on a first insulating film, a second insulating film which is provided on the charge storage layer, formed of layers, and a control gate electrode on the second insulating film. The second insulating film includes a bottom layer (A) provided just above the charge storage layer, a top layer (C) provided just below the control gate electrode, and a middle layer (B) provided between the bottom layer (A) and the top layer (C). The middle layer (B) has higher barrier height and lower dielectric constant than both the bottom layer (A) and the top layer (C). The average coordination number of the middle layer (B) is smaller than both the average coordination number of the top layer (C) and the average coordination number of the bottom layer (A).
US08237216B2	Apparatus having a lanthanum-metal oxide semiconductor device Lanthanum-metal oxide dielectrics and methods of fabricating such dielectrics provide an insulating layer in a variety of structures for use in a wide range of electronic devices and systems. In an embodiment, a lanthanum-metal oxide dielectric is formed using a trisethylcyclopentadionatolanthanum precursor and/or a trisdipyvaloylmethanatolanthanum precursor. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.
US08237214B2	Non-volatile memory device including metal-insulator transition material A non-volatile memory device including a metal-insulator transition (MIT) material is provided. The non-volatile memory device includes a gate stack having a tunneling layer, a charge trap layer, a blocking layer and a gate electrode formed on a substrate, wherein at least one of the tunneling layer and the blocking layer is formed of an MIT (metal-insulator transition) material.
US08237211B2	Non-volatile semiconductor storage device and method of manufacturing the same A non-volatile semiconductor storage device has a memory string including a plurality of electrically rewritable memory cells connected in series. The non-volatile semiconductor storage device also has a protruding layer formed to protrude upward with respect to a substrate. The memory string includes: a plurality of first conductive layers laminated on the substrate; a first semiconductor layer formed to penetrate the plurality of first conductive layers; and an electric charge storage layer formed between the first conductive layers and the first semiconductor layer, and configured to be able to store electric charges. Each of the plurality of first conductive layers includes: a bottom portion extending in parallel to the substrate; and a side portion extending upward with respect to the substrate along the protruding layer at the bottom portion. The protruding layer has a width in a first direction parallel to the substrate that is less than or equal to its length in a lamination direction.
US08237210B1	Array type CAM cell for simplifying processes A semiconductor apparatus is presented that includes an array of memory cells. The memory cells are arranged in rows and columns. Non-intersecting shallow trench isolation regions isolate the columns of memory cells. Also included is at least one source region that is isolated between an adjoining pair of the non-intersecting shallow trench isolation regions and isolated from a drain region. The source region is coupled to source lines in the array of memory cells. A contact couples a select plurality of the columns of memory cells, the select plurality functioning as a single content addressable memory cell.
US08237208B2	Semiconductor device including hydrogen barrier film for covering metal-insulator-meal capacitor and method of manufacturing the same Provided is a semiconductor device including a MIM capacitor, and having excellent waterproof property and antioxidant property even when being formed between wiring layers. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first insulating film formed on the semiconductor substrate, a first wiring layer embedded in the first insulating film, a wiring cap film for covering the first wiring layer, the MIM capacitor formed on the wiring cap film, a hydrogen barrier film for covering the MIM capacitor, a second insulating film formed on the hydrogen barrier film, conductive plugs passing through the second insulating film and the hydrogen barrier film, one of which being connected to an upper electrode of the MIM capacitor and the other of which being connected to a lower electrode of the MIM capacitor, and a second wiring layer connected to the conductive plugs, and the upper and lower electrodes of the MIM capacitor.
US08237206B2	CMOS image sensor, method of making the same, and method of suppressing dark leakage and crosstalk for CMOS image sensor A CMOS image sensor, in which an implantation process is performed on substrate under isolation structures each disposed between two adjacent photosensor cell structures. The implantation process is a destructive implantation to form lattice effects/trap centers. No defect repair process is carried out after the implantation process is performed. The implants can reside at the isolation structures or in the substrate under the isolation structures. Dark leakage and crosstalk are thus suppressed.
US08237203B2	Semiconductor device A pMIS region is provided between a boundary extending in a first direction and passing through each of a plurality of standard cells and a first peripheral edge. An nMIS region is provided between the boundary and a second peripheral edge. A power supply wiring and a grounding wiring extend along the first and second peripheral edges, respectively. A plurality of pMIS wirings and a plurality of nMIS wirings are arranged on a plurality of first virtual lines and a plurality of second virtual lines, respectively, extending in the first direction and arranged with a single pitch in a second direction. The first virtual line that is the closest to the boundary and the second virtual line that is the closest to the boundary have therebetween a spacing larger than the single pitch.
US08237198B2	Semiconductor heterostructure diodes Planar Schottky diodes for which the semiconductor material includes a heterojunction which induces a 2DEG in at least one of the semiconductor layers. A metal anode contact is on top of the upper semiconductor layer and forms a Schottky contact with that layer. A metal cathode contact is connected to the 2DEG, forming an ohmic contact with the layer containing the 2DEG.
US08237194B2	Nitride semiconductor substrate A nitride semiconductor substrate is featured in comprising: a GaN semiconductor layer grown on a base layer, which has a substantially triangular cross-section along the thickness direction thereof, a periodic stripe shapes, and uneven surfaces arranged on the stripes inclined surfaces; and an overgrown layer composed of AlGaN or InAlGaN on the GaN semiconductor layer.
US08237173B2	Semiconductor light emitting device, method of manufacturing the same, and lighting apparatus and display apparatus using the same The present invention aims to provide a semiconductor light emitting device that may be firmly attached to a substrate with maintaining excellent light emitting efficiency, and a manufacturing method of the same, and a lighting apparatus and a display apparatus using the same. In order to achieve the above object, the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present invention includes a luminous layer, a light transmission layer disposed over a main surface of the luminous layer, and having depressions on a surface facing away from the luminous layer, and a transmission membrane disposed on the light transmission layer so as to follow contours of the depressions, and light from the luminous layer is irradiated so as to pass through the light transmission layer and the transmission membrane.
US08237169B2	Method of manufacturing thin film transistor The object of the present invention is to form a low-concentration impurity region with good accuracy in a top gate type TFT. Phosphorus is added to a semiconductor layer by using a pattern made of a conductive film as a mask to form an N-type impurity region in a self-alignment manner. A positive photoresist is applied to a substrate so as to cover the pattern and then is exposed to light applied to the back of the substrate and then is developed, whereby a photoresist 110 is formed. The pattern is etched by using the photoresist pattern as an etching mask to form a gate electrode. A channel forming region, a source region, a drain region, and low-concentration impurity regions, are formed in the semiconductor layer in a self-alignment manner by using the gate electrode as a doping mask.
US08237167B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof An object is to reduce a capacitance value of parasitic capacitance without decreasing driving capability of a transistor in a semiconductor device such as an active matrix display device. Further, another object is to provide a semiconductor device in which the capacitance value of the parasitic capacitance was reduced, at low cost. An insulating layer other than a gate insulating layer is provided between a wiring which is formed of the same material layer as a gate electrode of the transistor and a wiring which is formed of the same material layer as a source electrode or a drain electrode.
US08237166B2	Display An active matrix display comprising a light control device and a field effect transistor for driving the light control device. The active layer of the field effect transistor comprises an amorphous.
US08237162B2	Thin film transistor substrate and display device The present invention provides a thin film transistor substrate realizing reduced interlayer short-circuit defects in a capacitor, and a display device having the thin film transistor substrate. The thin film transistor substrate includes: a substrate; a thin film transistor having, over the substrate, a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, an oxide semiconductor layer, and a source-drain electrode in order; and a capacitor having, over the substrate, a bottom electrode, a capacitor insulating film, and a top electrode made of oxide semiconductor in order.
US08237159B2	Organic electroluminescent display device and method of manufacturing the same According to an embodiment of the present invention, an organic electroluminescent display device includes transistors formed on a substrate, an insulating layer on the transistors, a lower electrode formed on the insulating layer and coupled to a source or a drain of each of the transistors, a bank layer having openings to expose a part of the lower electrode, a bus electrode formed on the bank layer, an organic light-emitting layer formed to cover the lower electrode, the bank layer, and the bus electrode and patterned to expose at least a part of the bus electrode, and an upper electrode formed on the organic light-emitting layer and configured to come into contact with the exposed bus electrode.
US08237154B2	Composite light-emitting material and light-emitting device comprising the same Disclosed herein are a composite light-emitting material, which includes two or more light-emitting materials selected from an inorganic phosphor, a semiconductor nanocrystal and an organic dye in which the surfaces of the two or more light-emitting materials are coated; and a light-emitting device comprising the same, so as to improve the luminous efficiency and lifetime.
US08237153B2	Forming a non-planar transistor having a quantum well channel In one embodiment, the present invention includes an apparatus having a substrate, a buried oxide layer formed on the substrate, a silicon on insulator (SOI) core formed on the buried oxide layer, a compressive strained quantum well (QW) layer wrapped around the SOI core, and a tensile strained silicon layer wrapped around the QW layer. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US08237150B2	Nanowire devices for enhancing mobility through stress engineering A p-type semiconductor nanowire transistor is formed on the first semiconductor nanowire and an n-type semiconductor nanowire transistor is formed on the second semiconductor nanowire. The first and second semiconductor nanowires have a rectangular cross-sectional area with different width-to-height ratios. The type of semiconductor nanowires for each semiconductor nanowire transistor is selected such that top and bottom surfaces provide a greater on-current per unit width than sidewall surfaces in a semiconductor nanowire having a greater width-to-height ratio, while sidewall surfaces provide a greater on-current per unit width than top and bottom surfaces in the other semiconductor nanowire having a lesser width-to-height ratio. Different types of stress-generating material layers may be formed on the first and second semiconductor nanowire transistors to provide opposite types of stress, which may be employed to enhance the on-current of the first and second semiconductor nanowire transistors.
US08237149B2	Non-volatile memory device having bottom electrode Provided is a non-volatile memory device including a bottom electrode disposed on a substrate and having a lower part and an upper part. A conductive spacer is disposed on a sidewall of the lower part of the bottom electrode. A nitride spacer is disposed on a top surface of the conductive spacer and a sidewall of the upper part of the bottom electrode. A resistance changeable element is disposed on the upper part of the bottom electrode and the nitride spacer. The upper part of the bottom electrode contains nitrogen (N).
US08237148B2	4F2 self align side wall active phase change memory Arrays of memory cells are described along with devices thereof and method for manufacturing. Memory cells described herein include self-aligned side wall memory members comprising an active programmable resistive material. In preferred embodiments the area of the memory cell is 4F2, F being the feature size for a lithographic process used to manufacture the memory cell, and more preferably F being equal to a minimum feature size. Arrays of memory cells described herein include memory cells arranged in a cross point array, the array having a plurality of word lines and source lines arranged in parallel in a first direction and having a plurality of bit lines arranged in parallel in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.
US08237146B2	Memory cell with silicon-containing carbon switching layer and methods for forming the same In a first aspect, a method of forming a memory cell is provided that includes (1) forming a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) stack, the MIM stack including (a) a first conductive carbon layer; (b) a low-hydrogen, silicon-containing carbon layer above the first conductive carbon layer; and (c) a second conductive carbon layer above the low-hydrogen, silicon-containing carbon layer; and (2) forming a steering element coupled to the MIM stack. Numerous other aspects are provided.
US08237143B2	Phase change memory device A memory device has a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of cell arrays stacked above the substrate, each cell array having memory cells, bit lines each commonly connecting one ends of plural cells arranged along a first direction and word lines each commonly connecting the other ends of plural cells arranged along a second direction; a read/write circuit formed on the substrate as underlying the cell arrays; first and second vertical wiring disposed on both sides of each cell array in the first direction to connect the bit lines to the read/write circuit; and third vertical wirings disposed on both sides of each cell array in the second direction to connect the word lines to the read/write circuit.
US08237142B2	Continuous plane of thin-film materials for a two-terminal cross-point memory A structure for a memory device including a plurality of substantially planar thin-film layers or a plurality of conformal thin-film layers is disclosed. The thin-film layers form a memory element that is electrically in series with first and second cladded conductors and operative to store data as a plurality of conductivity profiles. A select voltage applied across the first and second cladded conductors is operative to perform data operations on the memory device. The memory device may optionally include a non-ohmic device electrically in series with the memory element and the first and second cladded conductors. Fabrication of the memory device does not require the plurality of thin-film layers be etched in order to form the memory element. The memory element can include a CMO layer having a selectively crystallized polycrystalline portion and an amorphous portion. The cladded conductors can include a core material made from copper.
US08237140B2	Self-aligned, embedded phase change RAM An integrated circuit with an embedded memory comprises a substrate and a plurality of conductor layers arranged for interconnecting components of the integrated circuit. An intermediate layer in the plurality of conductor layers includes a first electrode having a top surface, a second electrode having a top surface, an insulating member between the first electrode and the second electrode. A bridge overlies the intermediate layer between the first and second electrodes across the insulating member, wherein the bridge comprises a programmable resistive memory material, such as a phase change material. A conductor in at least one layer in the plurality of conductor layers over said intermediate layer is connected to said bridge.
US08237133B2	Energy sources for curing in an imprint lithography system Energy sources and methods for curing in an imprint lithography system are described. The energy sources may include one or more energy elements positioned outside of the viewing range of an imaging unit monitoring elements of the imprint lithography system. Each energy source is configured to provide energy along a path to solidify polymerizable material on a substrate.
US08237115B2	Method and apparatus for multiple electrospray emitters in mass spectrometry An electrospray ion source apparatus comprises: a plurality of emitter capillaries, each comprising an internal bore for transporting a portion of a liquid sample from a source, an electrode portion for providing a first applied electric potential and an emitter tip for emitting charged particles generated from the liquid sample portion; a counter electrode for providing a second applied electric potential different from the first applied electric potential; and at least one shield electrode disposed at least partially between the counter electrode and the emitter tip of at least one of the emitter capillaries for providing a third applied electric potential intermediate to the first and second applied electric potentials, wherein the at least one shield electrode is configured such that provision of the third applied electric potential to the at least one shield electrode provides a uniformity of emission of charged particles from the plurality of emitter tips.
US08237114B2	Sample target used in mass spectrometry, method for producing the same, and mass spectrometer using the sample target In one embodiment of the present invention, a sample target that allows ionization of a substance whose molecular weight is so high as to exceed 10000 in mass spectrometry that ionizes a sample without using matrix, a method for producing the same and a mass spectrometer using the sample target. The sample target includes a sample support surface including a large number of fine pores on its face receiving irradiated laser light. Each of the fine pores has a diameter of 30 nm or more and 5 μm or less. The number indicative of pore depth/(pore cycle−pore diameter) of each of the fine pores is 2 or more and 50 or less. The face of the sample support surface is coated with metal or semiconductor.
US08237111B2	Multi-reflecting ion optical device A multi-reflecting ion optical device includes electrostatic field generating means configured to generate electrostatic field defined by a superposition of first and second distributions of electrostatic potential ΦEF, ΦLS. The first distribution ΦEF subjects ions to energy focusing in a flight direction and the second distribution ΦLS subjects ions to stability in one lateral direction, to stability in another lateral direction for the duration of at least a finite number of oscillations in the one lateral direction and to subject ions to energy focusing in the one lateral direction for a predetermined energy range.
US08237107B2	Spectrophotometric identification of microbe subspecies A dual-stage method is provided for identifying a microbe by, for example, its species or its subspecies. The method includes measuring a mass spectrum of the microbe using a mass spectrometer, calculating indicators for similarities between reference mass spectra in a library and the measured mass spectrum, selecting a group of reference mass spectra similar to the measured mass spectrum, determining a distinguishing weight for each mass signal of the reference mass spectra in the group, where the distinguishing weights emphasize differences between the reference mass spectra in the group, and calculating indicators for similarities between the reference mass spectra in the group and the measured mass spectrum as a function of the distinguishing weights.
US08237105B1	Magneto-optical trap for cold atom beam source One embodiment of the invention includes a magneto-optical trap (MOT) housing substantially surrounding atoms in an atom trapping region. The housing includes a first end that is substantially open to receive light that is substantially collimated and a second end opposite the first end that includes an aperture that emits a cold atom beam from the atom trapping region. The housing also includes a housing section surrounding and extending along a substantially central axis having a substantially reflective interior peripheral surface that reflects the light to generate an optical force on the atoms. The housing further includes an optical mask located substantially at the first end and along the substantially central axis that is configured to occlude the atom trapping region from the light to substantially prevent direct illumination of the atoms by unreflected light.
US08237101B2	Object tracking system having at least one angle-of-arrival sensor which detects at least one linear pattern on a focal plane array An optical tracking system comprises an array of point source emitters that output respective optical emissions, and a plurality of angle of arrival sensors. Each sensor comprises one or more optical elements and a focal plane array (FPA), with the optical elements arranged to resolve the optical emissions into one or more linear patterns on the FPA. A processing system in communication with the sensors establishes the orientation and position of each of the optical emitters using the linear patterns. A headgear tracking system employs point source emitters on a piece of headgear, with front and rear arrays of angle of arrival sensors located in an aircraft cockpit; a processing system in communication with the sensor arrays establishes an orientation and position for each of the optical emitters on the headgear.
US08237096B1	Mortar round glide kit Apparatus and methods provide a kit for converting a conventional mortar round into a glide bomb. Mortar rounds are readily available to combat personnel and are small and light enough to be carried by relatively small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) such as the RQ-7 Shadow. Advantageously, the kit provides both guidance and relatively good standoff range for the UAV such that the kit-equipped mortar round can be dropped a safe distance away from the intended target so that the UAV is not easily observed near the intended target.
US08237089B2	Hairdressing apparatus Hairstyling appliance comprising a grasping means (2), a body (3) for winding a lock of hair around its longitudinal axis, the winding body containing an electric heating element and comprising an external hair-winding surface (5) extending along substantially its entire length, a clip (7) for hooking the lock of hair onto the winding body (3) and an electric motor for driving the winding body in rotation around its longitudinal axis. According to the invention, it includes at least one heating plate (9, 10) disposed facing the external surface (5) of the winding body (3), which plate is movably mounted with respect to the winding body so as to exert pressure on the lock of hair.
US08237088B2	Tandem pulse arc welding control apparatus and system therefor A tandem pulse arc welding control apparatus includes a voltage detector; a voltage setting unit; a pulse-peak-current-reference-value setting circuit; a pulse-base-current-reference-value setting circuit; an error amplifier that calculates a pulse-peak-current variation value and a pulse-base-current variation value; an adder that calculates a pulse-peak-current value; an adder that calculates a pulse-base-current value; a pulse-waveform selection circuit that outputs the pulse-peak-current value in a pulse peak period, and that outputs the pulse-base-current value in a pulse base period; and an output control circuit that controls a current value for a second welding wire. Because an appropriate welding voltage can be obtained with this configuration, a high welding quality can be realized.
US08237082B2	Method for producing a hole There is described a method for producing a hole using e.g. a lasers, wherein short laser pulse durations are used. The laser pulse durations are varied, short laser pulse durations being utilized only in the area to be removed in which an influence on the penetration behavior and discharge behavior is noticeable while longer pulse durations of >0.4 ms are used. This is the case for the inner surface of a diffuser of a hole, for example, which can be produced very accurately by means of short laser pulse durations.
US08237080B2	Method and apparatus for laser drilling holes with Gaussian pulses An improved method and apparatus for drilling tapered holes in workpieces with laser pulses is presented which uses defocused laser pulses to machine the holes with specified taper and surface finish while maintaining specified exit diameters and improved system throughput. A system is described which can also drill holes with the desired taper and surface finish without requiring defocused laser pulses.
US08237078B2	Multiple welding gun system A multiple welding gun system includes a plurality of welding guns, simultaneously performing welding operations, mounted to a robot arm of a welding robot and a pitch changing device as a space adjusting device disposed between the plurality of welding guns. The pitch changing device is configured to change a gun pitch so as to adjust a space between the welding guns by rotating one of the welding guns relative to other one of the welding guns to thereby move the welding guns closer to or separate from each other.
US08237076B2	Vacuum switch A vacuum switch means a unit switch section comprising a pair of vacuum main circuit switches, an earth switch, operating rods for operating movable conductors of the main circuit vacuum switch and earth switch, and a molding case covering the main circuit switch, earth switch and the operating rods, wherein the operating rods are connectable with an operating mechanism, and the fixed conductors of the main circuit switch and earth switch are connected with bushing conductors. The main circuit vacuum switches are disposed in separate vacuum chambers. The movable conductors of the main circuit switches and electrically connected to each other via a transition conductor, and the movable conductors are operated synchronously by means of a transition rod connected to the transition rod.
US08237063B2	Shielding assembly with removable shielding cover A shielding assembly includes a hollow frame and a cover mounted to the hollow frame. The hollow frame comprises a plurality of sidewalls, where one of the sidewalls defines a first groove and another one of the sidewall opposite to the one of sidewalls includes a first fixing portion. The cover includes a first end, a second end opposite to the first end, a first latch located on the first end and engaged with the first groove, and a second fixing portion located on the second end and engaged with the first fixing portion, so as to retain the cover on the frame. The first latch includes a resilient bent portion extending from the first end of the cover, and a hook protruding from the resilient bent portion and received in the groove.
US08237059B2	Electronic component-embedded board and method of manufacturing the same A method of manufacturing an electronic component-embedded board is provided which is capable of suppressing warpage without requiring complicated processes at low cost and which offers high productivity and economic efficiency. A worksheet 100 includes insulating layers 21 and 31 on one surface of an approximately rectangular substrate 11, and an electronic component 41 and a plate-like frame member (member) 51 embedded inside the insulating layer 21, wherein the plate-like frame member 51 satisfying the relationship represented by the following formula (1): α1<α3 and α2<α3 . . . (1), is mounted on an unmounted portion of the electronic component 41 on the substrate 11. In the formula, α1, α2 and α3 respectively denote the linear coefficients of thermal expansion (ppm/K) of the electronic component 41, the plate-like frame member 51, and the substrate 11, the respective wiring layers or the respective insulating layers.
US08237049B2	Photovoltaic cells with selectively patterned transparent conductive coatings, and associated methods A photovoltaic cell comprising a selectively patterned, transparent, conductive coating (TCC) on a sunward surface. The selectively patterned TCC is contiguous with at least some highly conductive gridlines on the sunward surface. A portion of the sunward surface of the semiconductor wafer is not covered by either the gridlines or the TCC. Also disclosed are methods of manufacturing a photovoltaic cell comprising a selectively patterned, transparent, conductive coating (TCC) on a sunward surface. The methods include the step of modeling the optical and electrical properties of the semiconductor, the gridlines, and the TCC to determine a pattern for the TCC that results in a low relative power loss for the photovoltaic cell.
US08237048B2	Multilayer organic solar cell Disclosed is a multilayer organic solar cell having a structure wherein an inter-layer (3) is arranged between a first photoactive layer (1) and a second photoactive layer (2). This structure is obtained by forming the inter-layer (3) on the first photoactive layer (1) which is formed from an organic compound solution containing a donor material and an acceptor material, and then applying an organic compound solution containing a donor material and an acceptor material over the inter-layer (3) for forming the second photoactive layer (2). The inter-layer (3) is composed of at least either of a transparent oxide and a transparent nitride. By having such a structure, the inter-layer (3) prevents the solvent in the solution for the second photoactive layer (2) from permeating into the first photoactive layer (1) when the second photoactive layer (2) is formed over the first photoactive layer (1) by applying the solution. Consequently, the first photoactive layer (1) is prevented from destruction or deterioration in functions.
US08237045B2	Laminated solar battery A laminated solar battery (200) wherein four solar cell modules are incorporated and integrally laminated is provided with four types of solar cell modules (90, 100, 70 and 60) which have different sensitivity wavelength bands and are so laminated that the shorter the center wavelength in the sensitivity wavelength band is, the more near the module is located to the incidental side of sunlight, wherein each of the three types solar cell modules (90, 100 and 70) is constituted with cell group modules having plural nearly spherical solar cells (30, 40 and 10) aligned in plural columns and plural rows and the lowest solar cell module (60) is constituted with a planar light receiving module.
US08237043B2	Integrated parallel Peltier/Seebeck element chip and production method therefor, connection method First and second conductive members having different Seebeck coefficients are formed on an insulating substrate. The first and second conductive members are connected by ohmic contact, and the surfaces connected by ohmic contact are covered with a material sheet having a superior heat conductivity and an electric insulating property in the junction surface, such as an aluminum sheet formed with surfaces provided with electric insulating property by alumite treatment or the like. On the opposite side, bonding wires are connected with the first and second conductive members by ohmic contact. The bonding wires are insulated from one another, and used as output terminals of an integrated parallel Peltier Seebeck element chip. The thus produced integrated parallel Peltier Seebeck element chips are connected by one or more serial or parallel cables, to form energy conversion apparatus from electricity to heat and thermal energy transfer apparatus.
US08237041B1	Systems and methods for a voice activated music controller with integrated controls for audio effects A voice activated music controller system, useful in association with a game system and a player is provided. The voice activated music controller system includes a voice activated controller, and a base station. The voice activated controller includes a transducer for receiving an audio signal, one or more sound effect controls, and a transmitter. The sound effect controls may be any of buttons, touch pads, roller balls, accelerometers and pressure sensors. The transmitter sends the audio signal and the control inputs to a receiver of the base station via a radio signal. A signal processor in the base station applies one or more sound effects to the audio signal according to the control inputs. These sound effects include one or more of a chorus effect, a pitch modulation, a pitch correction, a harmonizing effect, and a sound bite. This results in the generation of a processed audio signal which is outputted to the gaming system via a coupler.
US08237038B2	Support system for acoustic instruments A support system for an acoustic instrument has connecting elements of flexible material extending between and attaching the instrument and a support frame to support and/or balance the weight of the instrument and isolate acoustic frequencies, thereby eliminating deleterious acoustical effects. Embodied exemplarily herein as a support system for a drum, flexible elements extend between and attach the drum head hoop to a circular frame or support that fully or partially encircles the drum. The flexible elements may be made integral with the drum head and/or its head skin.
US08237037B1	Electric spoon An electric spoon for being played as a musical instrument. The spoon has a head and an elongate handle. A sensor is mounted to the spoon for sensing vibrations transmitted through the handle when the spoon is struck. The sensor emits an electrical signal in response to the vibrations. The signals are used by an amplifier that may be connected to the spoon. Spoons can be joined together. Rivets or other mechanical fasteners may be used to keep the spoons together as a spoon set. When this is done one spoon has a sensor and the other does not, but serves to make contact with the other spoon when either is struck. The joined spoons can be used by a novice spoon player because less dexterity is required to keep the spoons in proper position when being played.
US08237033B1	Maize variety hybrid X8H565 A novel maize variety designated X8H565 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X8H565 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X8H565 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X8H565, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X8H565. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X8H565.
US08237032B1	Inbred maize variety PH18JB A novel maize variety designated PH18JB and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PH18JB with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PH18JB through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PH18JB or a locus conversion of PH18JB with another maize variety.
US08237027B1	Soybean variety XB39B10 A novel soybean variety, designated XB39B10 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB39B10, cells from soybean variety XB39B10, plants of soybean XB39B10, and plant parts of soybean variety XB39B10. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB39B10 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XB39B10, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB39B10. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB39B10 are further provided.
US08237024B1	Soybean variety XB02R10 A novel soybean variety, designated XB02R10 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB02R10, cells from soybean variety XB02R10, plants of soybean XB02R10, and plant parts of soybean variety XB02R10. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB02R10 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic, mutant trait, and/or native trait into soybean variety XB02R10, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB02R10. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB02R10 are further provided.
US08237022B2	Resistance to soybean aphid in early maturing soybean germplasm The present invention relates to compositions and methods for providing aphid resistance in plants. More particularly, the invention relates to compositions and methods for using aphid resistant germplasm for breeding soybean aphid resistant soybean plants, including but not limited to cultivars, varieties, lines and methods of breeding the same for commercial use, the breeding methods further involving identifying and using genetic markers for aphid resistant traits.
US08237021B2	Insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis The present invention relates to the field of plant pest control, particularly insect control. Provided are nucleotide sequences from Bacillus thuringiensis encoding insecticidal proteins. Further provided are methods and means for using said nucleotide sequence for controlling plant insect pests.
US08237015B2	Methods and compositions for an integrated dual site-specific recombination system for producing environmentally safe and clean transgenic plants The present invention is directed to the use of multiple site-specific recombination systems for use in transgene containment in plants. More specifically, the present invention describes coordinated excisional DNA recombination by multiple (e.g., dual) recombinases to achieve excision of unwanted transgenic DNA as well as recombinase-coding sequences themselves by self-excision. Further, the simultaneous use of multiple site-specific recombination systems in combination with controllable total sterility technology (i.e., no or reduced sexual reproduction), provides the production of environmentally safe, clean transgenic plants, enhancing the capability and public acceptance of transgenic technology for plant trait modification.
US08237014B2	Energy crops for improved biofuel feedstocks The present invention is directed to improved systems and methods for reducing costs and increasing yields of cellulosic ethanol. In particular, the present invention provides plants genetically transformed for increased biomass, expression of lignocellulolytic enzymes, and simplification of harvesting and downstream processing. Also provided are methods for using these transgenic plants in the production of clean, marketable feedstocks for production of renewable fuels and chemicals and in other applications including phytoremediation.
US08237012B2	Absorbent article An absorbent article having a substantially oblong shape, which is superior in liquid-proof performance and fitness, includes a liquid permeable top sheet, a back sheet, an absorbent body having elasticity disposed between the top sheet and the back sheet, and a compressed portion compressing the top sheet and the absorbent body. The compressed portion is disposed continuously to form a protrusion in a longitudinal direction to define a substantially U shape. The absorbent portion has a low elasticity portion, disposed on one part of the absorbent body, and formed so that elasticity weakens when compression to a prescribed thickness is carried out. The low elasticity portion is disposed in the vicinity of an end protruding the most in the longitudinal direction of the substantially U shape.
US08237008B1	Partially rigid bandage apparatus The partially rigid bandage apparatus has a band having a first end spaced apart from a second end, a pair of identical spaced apart sides, a top and a bottom, a fastening device releasably fastening the first end to the second end, an opening disposed within about a center of the band, a rigid bubble disposed atop and extended above the opening, the rigid bubble affixed to a border of the opening via an accordion membrane that allows distal and proximal movement of the bubble with regard to the band, such that a selected body sight is protected from abrasion and impact, the apparatus repeatedly reusable.
US08237005B2	Method for separating and producing cyclohexene There is provided a method for separating cyclohexene comprising the steps of: (a) separating a mixed solution containing cyclohexene, cyclohexane, and benzene by distillation using N,N-dimethylacetamide as an extractant; and (b) feeding at least a portion of a first bottom liquid obtained by separating cyclohexene, cyclohexane, and benzene from the mixed solution in the step (a) to an extractant purification column, withdrawing an azeotrope of cyclohexyl acetate and N,N-dimethylacetamide from a top of the extractant purification column to an outside of a system, and recycling a second bottom liquid of the extractant purification column to the step (a).
US08237002B2	Method for producing unsaturated organic compound A method for producing an unsaturated organic compound represented by the formula (3): (Y1)m-1—R1—R2—(Y2)n-1 (3) wherein Y1 represents R2 or X1, and Y2 represents R1 or B(X2)2, which comprises reacting a compound represented by the formula (1): R1(X1)m (1) wherein R1 represents an aromatic group or the like, X1 represents a leaving group and m represents 1 or 2, with a compound represented by the formula (2): R2{B(X2)2}n (2) wherein R2 represents an aromatic group or the like, X2 represents a hydroxyl group or the like, and n represents 1 or 2, in the presence of (a) a nickel compound selected from a nickel carboxylate, nickel nitrate and a nickel halide, (b) a phosphine compound such as 1,4-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino) butane, (c) an amine selected from a primary amine and a diamine such as N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine, and (d) an inorganic base.
US08237000B2	Combined carbon dioxide and oxygen process for ethylbenzene dehydrogenation to styrene Processes for using a combination of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons are provided. A hydrocarbon feedstock, carbon dioxide and oxygen are fed to an oxidative dehydrogenation reactor system containing one or more catalysts that promote dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon feedstock to produce a dehydrogenated hydrocarbon product. The processes of the present invention may be used, for example, to produce styrene monomer by dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene using carbon dioxide and oxygen as oxidants.
US08236997B2	Process for the production of pentafluoroethane A process for the production of pentafluoroethane is described. The process comprises reacting perchloroethylene with hydrogen fluoride in the vapor phase in a first reactor or a first plurality of reactors in the presence of a fluorination catalyst to produce a composition comprising dichlorotrifluoroethane, hydrogen chloride, unreacted hydrogen fluoride and perchloroethylene. This composition is subjected to a separation step to yield a purified composition comprising at least 95 weight % of dichlorotrifluorethane and less than 0.5 weight % of compounds having the formula C2C16-XFX, where x is an integer of from 0 to 6, base the total weight of organic compounds in the composition. The composition from the separation step is then reacted with hydrogen fluoride in the vapor phase in a second reactor or a second plurality of reactors in the presence of a fluorination catalyst to produce a composition comprising pentafluoroethane and less than 0.5 weight % of chloropentafluoroethane, based on the total weight of organic compounds in the composition.
US08236994B2	Process for the biological production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol with high yield The present invention provides a method for the anaerobic production of 1,3 propanediol, by culturing a Clostridium strain in an appropriate culture medium comprising glycerol as a source of carbon, wherein said Clostridium strain does not produce substantially other products of the glycerol metabolism selected among the group consisting of: butyrate, lactate, butanol and ethanol, and recovering of 1,3-propanediol.
US08236992B2	Preparation of purified hydroquinone Hydroquinone devoid of impurities is prepared from a crude hydroquinone essentially containing hydroquinone and small amounts of impurities including at least resorcinol, pyrogallol and traces of pyrocatechol and comprises at least the following steps: dissolving the crude hydroquinone in water, crystallizing the hydroquinone, separating the purified hydroquinone, and, optionally, drying the purified hydroquinone.
US08236991B2	Process for the preparation of substantially pure (2S,3S,5S)-5-amino-2-N,N-dibenzylamino-3-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexane The present invention relates to the purification of (2S,3S,5S)-5-amino-2-N,N-dibenzylamino-3-hydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexane (III) by making its crystalline acid addition salt, which can be used as such to produce Lopinavir/Ritonavir with high purity and yield. Formula III
US08236989B2	Method for obtaining an aminoindan mesylate derivative The invention relates to processes for preparing rasagiline mesylate that avoid the use of alcohol solvents, thereby producing rasagiline mesylate five of any alkyl mesylates, including isopropyl mesylate. The invention further relates to processes for purifying rasagiline mesylate to obtain a product free of alkyl mesylates, and to the thus obtained rasagiline mesylate.
US08236986B2	Process for preparing acylsulfamoylbenzamides The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I): Which comprises reaction of a compound of formula (II) with a compound of the formula (III) in the presence of a chlorinating agent, followed by reaction of the resultant compound of the formula (IV) with a compound of formula (V) in the presence of a base: wherein the various symbols are as defined in claim 1.
US08236985B2	Compounds and uses thereof There is provided a compound of formula (I) wherein R1a, R2a, R3, X1 to X6, a, b and c have meanings given in the description, which compounds are useful as, or are useful as prodrugs of, inhibitors of HDAC enzyme activity, and thus, in particular, in the treatment of conditions where inhibition of HDAC enzyme activity is required.
US08236984B2	Compound and use thereof in the treatment of amyloidosis The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) for stabilizing the tetrameric form of transthyretin, compounds for use in the treatment or prevention of amyloidosis, and agents and medicaments comprising such compounds. wherein X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, m, n, p, q, and the linker are as defined herein.
US08236982B2	Process for production of terephthalic acid A method for producing terephthalic acid comprising: subjecting a p-phenylene compound to a liquid-phase oxidation reaction by the use of a molecular-oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst at least containing a heavy metal compound and a bromine compound, and hydrous acetic acid having a water content of 1 to 15 mass %, to thereby yield a slurry; regulating the temperature of the slurry to 35 to 140° C., to thereby cause terephthalic acid to precipitate; removing the terephthalic acid through solid-liquid separation, to thereby recover a mother liquor; and recovering the catalyst from the mother liquor through a series of operations (1) to (4), as described, for reusing at least a portion of the catalyst in the liquid-phase oxidation reaction.
US08236973B2	Adsorption separation processes for ionic liquid catalytic processes Presently disclosed are methods and apparatus for separation of reaction products from reaction mixtures in an ionic liquid catalysis process, particularly in conversion of biomass, cellulose, and sugars into chemical intermediates such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In one embodiment an ion exclusion adsorption mechanism is used for the separation process. The process comprises (i) mixing the ionic liquid-containing reaction mixture with de-ionized water, (ii) flowing the water solution mixture into an adsorption column, (iii) eluting the column with a water- and/or alcohol-based fluid, and (iv) collecting separated fractions at different elution times.
US08236972B2	Molecular mass enhancement of biological feedstocks The instant invention involves a process for enhancing molecular mass of biomass reactants. The process comprises first forming a substituted or unsubstituted furfural from a biomass. The substituted or unsubstituted furfural is then reacted with an activated methylene compound in the presence of a catalyst and, if desired, a solvent to form a Knoevenagel product. The product may then be hydrogenated to products containing an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, or ketone functional groups or to an olefinic or aliphatic species wherein as much as all of the oxygen and/or nitrogen has been removed.
US08236970B2	Vanillin acetals The invention relates to a sensory stimulant composition containing one or more of vanillin acetals represented by the general formula (1), and a flavor and fragrance composition, a beverage or food product, a fragrance or cosmetic product, a daily utensil product, an oral composition, or a pharmaceutical product containing the sensory stimulant composition with a warming sensation agent or cooling sensation substance, if necessary. Vanillin acetals represented by the general formula (1) show an excellent pungent and/or warming sensation effect and a cooling sensation-emphasizing effect.
US08236958B2	Polymorphic forms of a GABAA agonist Two new crystalline monohydrates and two new crystalline anhydrates of gaboxadol are disclosed together with methods for preparing them.
US08236944B2	RNA interference mediated inhibition of gene expression using chemically modified short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) The present invention concerns methods and reagents useful in modulating gene expression in a variety of applications, including use in therapeutic, diagnostic, target validation, and genomic discovery applications. Specifically, the invention relates to synthetic chemically modified small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules capable of mediating RNA interference (RNAi) against target nucleic acid sequences. The small nucleic acid molecules are useful in the treatment of any disease or condition that responds to modulation of gene expression or activity in a cell, tissue, or organism.
US08236943B2	Compositions and methods for silencing apolipoprotein B The present invention provides compositions and methods for the delivery of interfering RNAs that silence APOB expression to liver cells. In particular, the nucleic acid-lipid particles provide efficient encapsulation of nucleic acids and efficient delivery of the encapsulated nucleic acid to cells in vivo. The compositions of the present invention are highly potent, thereby allowing effective knock-down of APOB at relatively low doses. In addition, the compositions and methods of the present invention are less toxic and provide a greater therapeutic index compared to compositions and methods previously known in the art.
US08236940B2	Constitutive strong promoter and use thereof Disclosed herein are an aldolase gene promoter and the use thereof, more particularly, disclosed are a promoter of aldolase gene derived from Lactobacillus casei, having a base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, an expression vector containing said promoter, and a recombinant microorganism transformed with said expression vector. The recombinant microorganism transformed with the expression vector containing the disclosed promoter can effectively express a target protein on the surface thereof, and thus will be useful as vaccine vehicles and the like.
US08236939B2	Micrornas and uses thereof Described herein are polynucleotides associated with prostate and lung cancer. The polynucleotides are miRNAs and miRNA precursors. Related methods and compositions that can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of those medical conditions are disclosed. Also described herein are methods that can be used to identify modulators of prostate and lung cancer.
US08236935B2	Gem-difluorinated C-glycoside compounds derived from podophyllotoxin, their preparation and their applications The invention relates to a gem-difluoride glycoconjugated compound with formula (I): where R represents II or a benzyl, acetyl, benzoyl alkyl group, R1 and R2 may be identical or different and represent H or an alkyl, benzyl, benzoyl, acetyl, pivaloyl, trialkylsilyl, tertiobutyldiphenylsilyl protective group or an acetal group of the CR′R′ type, where R′ and R′ may be identical or different and represent H or an alkyl, aryl, benzyl or thiophene group, R3 represents H or an alkyl, benzyl, benzoyl, acetyl, pivaloyl, trialkylsilyl or tertiobutyldiphenylsilyl protective group, R4 represents OR″, NGR′GR′, N3, or a phthalimide, where R″ represents H or an alkyl, benzyl, benzoyl, acetyl, pivaloyl, trialkylsilyl or tertiobutyldiphenylsilyl protective group, GR′ and GR′ may be identical or different and represent II or an alkyl, benzyl, benzoyl, acetyl, alkyloxycarbonyl, allyloxycarbonyl or benzyloxycarbonyl group, R5 represents a free or protected hydroxyl group or a halogen, R6 represents H or an alkyl, acetyl, benzyl, PO3H or PO3Na group. It is applicable to the preparation of compounds that can be used particularly for the treatment of cancer.
US08236934B2	Agents that engage antigen-presenting cells through dendritic cell asialoglycoprotein receptor (DC-ASGPR) The present invention includes compositions and methods for making and using anti DC-ASGPR antibodies that can, e.g., activate DCs and other cells.
US08236933B2	Modified animal lacking functional PYY gene, monoclonal antibodies that bind PYY isoforms and uses therefor The present invention provides transgenic animals having a reduced level of expression of peptide YY (PYY) and drug screening platforms using the transgenic animals for identifying agonists and antagonists of PYY. The present invention further provides monoclonal antibodies that bind specifically to full-length PYY[1-36] or the processed form thereof i.e., PYY[3-36] and to diagnostic and drug screening platforms using the monoclonal antibodies. The invention has particular utility for the diagnosis of a predisposition or risk of a subject becoming obese, developing one or more pathologies associated with obesity, or developing a disease/disorder of bone tissue.
US08236932B2	High affinity antibodies that neutralize Staphylococcus enterotoxin B This invention provides antibodies that specifically bind and neutralize Staphylococcus enterotoxin B. In addition, nucleic acids encoding such antibodies, and cells that express such antibodies are provided. Also provided are methods for treating diseases mediated by, and for neutralizing Staphylococcus enterotoxin B.
US08236922B2	Polyamide polymer The instant invention provides polyamides, processes for making the polyamides, and articles comprising the polyamides.
US08236921B1	Integrated co-production of dicarboxylic acids The invention provides improved energy content in and shaft power recovery from off-gas from xylene oxidation reactions while at the same time minimizing wastewater treatment cost. More shaft power is produced using off-gas than is required to drive the main air compressor, even with preferred, relatively low oxidation temperatures. Simultaneously, an amount of wastewater greater than byproduct water from oxidation of xylene is kept in vapor form and treated along with off-gas pollutants in a self-sustaining (self-fueling) gas-phase thermal oxidative destruction unit. Optionally, off-gas is combined from multiple xylene oxidation reactors, comprising primary and/or secondary oxidation reactors and forming TPA and/or IPA.
US08236919B2	Process for preparing a polyether ether ketone A process for preparing a polyether ether ketone. Sodium carbonate is used alone as the condensation agent, and 4,4′-difluorodibenzophenone, p-benzenediol and biphenyldiol are subjected to polymerizing. After the corresponding prepolymer is obtained, the reaction temperature is elevated and p-benzenediol is further added as a chain extender to react for a period of time to produce high-viscosity polyether ether ketone.
US08236918B2	Polyether-functional siloxanes, polyether siloxane-containing compositions, methods for the production thereof and use thereof The present invention provides a linear, cyclic or branched polyether-functional siloxane or a mixture of polyether-functional siloxanes of the general formula (I) R[—O(3-h)/2Si(R1)(OR)h]x[—O(3-i-j)/2Si(R2)(R3)i(OR)j]y, (II) in which groups R are identical or different and R is essentially H, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, 2-methoxyethyl or 2-hydroxyethyl or, in the case of cyclic siloxanes, may be a silyl radical of the silyl units of the formula (I), groups R1 are identical or different and R1 is a terminally blocked polyether group of the formula (II), R4—O[—R5—O]n[(—R6)m]— (II) and groups R2 are identical or different and R2 is a linear, branched or cyclic, optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a mercaptoalkyl group or an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or an aminoalkyl group or the general formula (III) H2N(CH2)d[(NH)e(CH2)f]g—(CH2)3— (III) The present invention further provides aqueous and/or alcoholic compositions which comprise a polyether siloxane according to formula (I), to methods for the production of said systems, and to the use thereof.
US08236915B2	Hydrosilylation catalysts Disclosed herein are manganese, iron, cobalt, or nickel complexes containing terdentate pyridine diimine ligands and their use as efficient and selective hydrosilylation catalysts.
US08236914B2	Self-assessing mechanochromic materials A mechanochromic material includes a polymer having a backbone containing a mechanophore.
US08236911B2	Water-soluble resin, hair cosmetic material containing the same, and silicone oil adsorption assistant Provided is a water-soluble resin which gives a conditioning effect when it is used in a hair cosmetic material containing an anionic surfactant, or the like. A water-soluble resin having a structure corresponding to a copolymer of a monomer mixture containing a vinylic monomer (A) having a hydroxyl group and an amido bond, and a vinylic monomer (B) having a cationic group.
US08236907B2	Neutral bimetallic transition metal phenoxyiminato catalysts and related polymerization methods A catalyst composition comprising a neutral bimetallic diphenoxydiiminate complex of group 10 metals or Ni, Pd or Pt is disclosed. The compositions can be used for the preparation of homo- and co-polymers of olefinic monomer compounds.
US08236903B2	Transition metal crosslinking of acid-containing polymers An acid-functional polymer is reacted with a transition metal compound having an average particle size small enough to react with the polymer at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the polymer, e.g., at room temperature, to produce cross-linked polymer. The process produces a liquid polymer product that dries to a cross-linked film without the required presence of volatile ligands. Improved coatings such as floor polishes that can be formed from these cross-linked polymers are also disclosed.
US08236902B2	Fluorocarbon mediated polymer blends and methods for making thereof The present invention discloses a method for making blended polymers by utilizing fluorophilic inter-polymer associative interactions between perfluorocarbon functional groups attached on the constituent polymers. The method of the present invention is capable of forming blended polymers from otherwise incompatible polymers. Also disclosed are blended polymers obtained by the method thereof. Methods and devices utilizing novel blended polymer of the present invention including chromatography, catalysis, photonic and sensor applications are also provided.
US08236901B2	Fluorinated compound, fluoropolymer and method for producing the compound Provided is a novel fluorinated compound, a fluoropolymer, and a method for producing the compound. A monomer of the compound has a formula F2═CFCF2C(X)(C(O)OZ)(CH2)nCR═CHR, wherein X is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, or a group of formula —C(O)OZ; Z is a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 monovalent organic group, n is 0, 1, or 2; and R is a hydrogen atom or a C1-20 monovalent organic group.
US08236898B2	Fluoropolymer composition A melt-mixed composition of non-melt flowable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and melt-fabricable perfluoropolymer is provided that exhibits thixotropy at increasing shear rate in the molten state and high elongation at break even at PTFE concentrations well above 4 wt %, based on the combined weight of the PTFE and the perfluoropolymer, e.g. at least 200% up to at least 30 wt % PTFE, the composition also exhibiting the structure of a dispersion of submicrometer-size particles of the PTFE in a continuous phase of the melt-fabricable perfluoropolymer.
US08236896B2	Powdery processing aid for polyolefin resins, method for producing the same, resin composition and shaped article Disclosed are a powdery processing aid for polyolefin resins, containing an alkyl methacrylate polymer which has alkyl methacrylate units having an alkyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms as a main component and has a mass average molecular weight of 150,000 to 20,000,000, having good handling properties as a powder, having good dispersibility in polyolefin resins, and being able to improve shaping processability of polyolefin resins; and a polyolefin resin composition having improved shaping processability, which contains a powdery processing aid for polyolefin resins and a polyolefin resin.
US08236895B2	Paint compositions, a method of finish-painting and painted objects Disclosed is a finish paint composition having a hydroxyl group containing resin (A) comprising a hydroxyl group value of 80 to 220 mgKOH/g, a glass transition temperature of −50° or above but below 0° C., and 25 to 55 mass% of units of 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate origin, a hydroxyl group containing resin (B) with a hydroxyl group value of 80 to 220 mgKOH/g, and a glass transition temperature of 0 to 50° C., and a crosslinking agent (C) comprising polyisocyanate compound having isocyanate groups, wherein the proportions of hydroxyl group containing resin (A) and hydroxyl group containing resin (B) are, as a ratio of solid fraction masses, from 95/5 to 50/50, and the proportion of isocyanate groups of the crosslinking agent (C) with respect to the hydroxyl groups in total of the hydroxyl group containing resin (A) and the hydroxyl group containing resin (B), as the NCO/OH mol ratio, is 0.5 to 1.5.
US08236887B2	Fluorine-containing polymer having heteroaromatic ring There is provided a fluorine-containing polymer having an ionic group which has a heteroaromatic ring and is useful as a material comprising various heteroaromatic ring compounds having a stable fluorine-containing heteroaromatic ring, and further a fluorine-containing polymer having a heteroaromatic ring which is useful as a starting material of the above-mentioned polymer or a curing agent. Also, there is provided a fluorine-containing polymer having a heteroaromatic ring such as imidazole in its side chain, a polymer salt thereof, and a polymer composition comprising such a polymer and a polymer salt and a nano filler.
US08236885B2	Exterior paint formulation The present invention provides increased stain resistance, tannin blocking, adhesion, and various other properties. A composition in accordance with the principles of the present invention comprises at least two binders, nanoparticle pigment, and pigmentary titanium dioxide. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a coating on a substrate wherein the coating has two binders, nanoparticle metal oxide pigment, and pigmentary titanium dioxide. Various additives may be included to formulate paint as known in the art.
US08236882B2	Rubber mixtures A rubber mixture which exhibits reliable processability contains (A) a rubber or mixture of rubbers, (B) a filler, (C) at least one organosilane, (D) a thiuram accelerator, and (E) a nitrogen-containing co-activator. A weight ratio of thiuram accelerator (D) to nitrogen-containing co-activator (E) is equal to or greater than 1.
US08236876B2	Superabsorbent polymer compositions having color stability The invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymeric compositions that are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying acid groups wherein the absorptive, crosslinked polymeric composition further includes an antioxidant and is color stable.
US08236872B2	Adhesive composition and optical member A photocationically polymerizable adhesive composition and an optical member, the photocationically polymerizable adhesive composition including about 75 to about 99.8 parts by weight of a compound including one of aliphatic epoxy, alicyclic epoxy, oxetane, and vinyl ether compounds, about 0.1 to about 5 parts by weight of a titanate coupling agent, and about 0.1 to about 20 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator, wherein a sum of weights of the compound, the titanate coupling agent, and the photopolymerization initiator is 100 parts by weight.
US08236871B2	Polymerizable compositions containing salts of barbituric acid derivatives This invention relates to polymerizable compositions comprising a salt of a barbituric acid derivative. The compositions are typically shelf-life stable and may be polymerized through mixing of an acidic component with the salt of a barbituric acid derivative.
US08236869B2	Polyether polyol, rigid polyurethane foam and processes for production thereof Highly-functionalized, low-viscosity polyether polyols are obtained by dehydration condensation reaction of alcohols.The polyether polyols are obtained by dehydration condensation of glycerin and monohydric and/or dihydric alcohol with the glycerin percentage being more than 50 mol % relative to 100 mol % of the total of the glycerin and alcohol. The glycerin may be crude glycerin obtained by hydrolysis or alcoholysis of natural fat and oils.
US08236868B2	Process for producing polyurethane elastomer foams Polyurethane elastomer foams can be prepared by mixing an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer obtained by reaction of a polyol with 3,3′-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate, with a foaming agent comprising a mixture of water, a low-molecular weight glycol having a molecular weight of 48-200, and a high-molecular weight glycol having a number average molecular weight Mn of 1000-3000 under stirring to conduct foaming reaction. The polyurethane elastomer foams so produced can have a high durability, particularly under a high load, even though a low-cost, easy-to-handle diisocyanate compound is used.
US08236867B2	Polymer complex having channels and method for chemically modifying inner surfaces of channels of polymer complex An embodiment of the present invention includes a method for chemically modifying inner surfaces of channels capable of further regulating characteristics of the internal environment of channels, by forming a polymer complex having a specific channel group B, the channel environmental characteristics of which are regulated by substituents A, followed by utilizing the channels of the channel group B as a reaction field to convert the substituent A to a different substituent. The method may comprise including a guest molecule in the channel of the channel group B in which the substituents A are arranged; and reacting the guest molecule with the substituent A in the channel to convert the substituent A to a substituent A′, and to arrange the substituent A′ regularly directing to the inside of the channel of the channel group B or any channel of other channel groups.
US08236864B2	Saponified fatty acids as breakers for viscoelastic surfactant-gelled fluids Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VESs) may have their viscosities affected (increased or reduced, e.g. gels broken) by the indirect or direct action of a composition that contains at least one fatty acid that has been affected, modified or reacted with an alkali metal base, an alkali earth metal base, ammonium base, and/or organic base compound, optionally with an alkali metal halide salt, an alkali earth metal halide salt, and/or an ammonium halide salt. The composition containing the resulting saponification product is believed to either act as a co-surfactant with the VES itself to increase viscosity and/or possibly by disaggregating or otherwise affecting the micellar structure of the VES-gelled fluid. In a specific, non-limiting instance, a brine fluid gelled with an amine oxide surfactant may have its viscosity broken with a composition containing naturally-occurring fatty acids in canola oil or corn oil affected with CaOH, MgOH, NaOH and the like.
US08236862B2	Therapeutic compositions comprising monoterpenes This invention provides a compositions for transport of a therapeutic agent. The compositions contain a therapeutic agent and a monoterpene or an analog thereof. In one aspect, the monoterpene is perillyl alcohol (POH) or an analog thereof. In one aspect, the therapeutic agent is provided in an amount effective to treat the disease or subject of choice.
US08236860B2	Inhibition of the survival of pancreatic cancer by cyclohexenone compounds from Antrodia camphorata The present invention relates to a novel application of a compound. The compound 4--2,3-dimethoxy-6-methyl-5-(3,7,11-trimethyl-dodeca-2,6,10-trienyl)-cyclohex-2-enone of the invention is isolated and purified from the extracts of Antrodia camphorata, which can be applied for inhibiting the survival of pancreatic cancer cells and be used as a pharmaceutical composition to inhibit the pancreatic tumor growth.
US08236858B2	Substituted aryl-indole compounds and their kynurenine/kynuramine-like metabolites as therapeutic agents This invention is directed to substituted aryl compounds, which are linked to a substituted indole moiety by various linkers, and the kynurenine/kynuramine-like metabolites of these agents, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds. This invention further is directed to the pharmaceutical use of the compounds for inhibiting GSK3β kinase and/or modulating N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) channel activities for the treatment of neurodegenerative and other disorders.
US08236857B2	Extended-release formulation for reducing the frequency of urination and method of use thereof Methods and compositions for reducing the frequency of urination are disclosed. One method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated in an extended-release formulation. Another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising multiple active ingredients formulated for extended-release. Yet another method comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a diuretic followed with another administration of an pharmaceutical composition comprising an analgesic agent formulated for extended-release.
US08236855B2	Methods of treating metabolic disorders A method of increasing the insulin sensitivity of insulin resistant cells includes administering to the cells an amount of all-trans-retinoic acid effective to activate transcription factor perosixome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) β/δ of the cells.
US08236851B2	Microspherules containing a pleuromutilin derivative The provision of animal feed pellets is described, which pellets comprise, as antibiotic, a pleuromutilin derivative is stabilized form, namely in the form of microspherules. The pleuromutilin derivatives in question have the general formula (I) wherein R1 is ethyl or vinyl, there is either a double bond or a single bond between carbon atoms 1 and 2, Ra and Rb are each independently of the other hydrogen or halogen, and T is a short or long-chain organic radical.
US08236848B2	Diindolylmethane for the treatment of HPV infection New methods and compositions are disclosed that comprise the phytochemical Diindolylmethane, alone or in combination with immune potentiating steroids. These methods and compositions are utilized to treat subjects suffering from common cutaneous warts (verrucae) and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) related conditions of the oropharynx, larynx, genitalia, and uterine cervix.
US08236845B2	Heterocyclyl-substituted-tetrahydro-naphthalen-amine derivatives, their preparation and use as medicaments The present invention relates to heterocyclyl-substituted-tetrahydro-naphthalen-amine compounds of general formula (I) and compositions thereof, methods for their preparation, and the use of said compounds for the treatment or prophylaxis of various disorders of humans or animals.
US08236842B2	Salt and process for producing acid generator A salt represented by the formula (I0): wherein Q1 and Q2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, L1 represents a divalent C1-C17 hydrocarbon group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, m represents 1 or 2, and Zm+ represents m-valent organic or inorganic cation.
US08236841B2	Fused heterocycle derivative A fused heterocycle derivative represented by the general formula (I): (wherein R1 represents optionally substituted lower alkyl, or the like; R2 represents an optionally substituted aliphatic heterocyclic group, or the like; R3 represents —C(═Z)NR5R6 (wherein R5 and R6 represent optionally substituted lower alkyl, or the like, and Z represents an oxygen atom or the like), or the like; n represents an integer of 1 to 3; and W represents C—R5 (wherein R5 represents a hydrogen atom or the like)) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and the like are provided.
US08236837B2	Tricyclic compound and pharmaceutical use thereof The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula which is useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diseases related to the action of melatonin, or a salt thereof and the like.
US08236832B2	Thiazoles, imidazoles, and pyrazoles useful as inhibitors of protein kinases The present invention relates to compounds useful as inhibitors of protein kinase. The invention also relates to pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the compounds, to methods of using the compounds and to the compositions in the treatment of various disease, conditions, or disorders. The invention also relates to processes for preparing compounds of the inventions.
US08236830B2	Pesticide composition comprising propamocarb-fosetylate and an insecticidally active substance The present invention relates to a pesticide composition intended for protecting plants, crops or seeds against phyto-pathogenic fungi or damaging insects, and the corresponding methods of treatment using the said composition. More precisely, the subject of the present invention is a pesticide composition based on propamocarb-fosetylate, an insecticide active substance and optionally a further fungicide active substance.
US08236821B2	Substituted N-phenyl-5-phenyl-pyrazolin-3-yl amides as cannabinoid receptor antagonists/inverse agonists useful for treating obesity The present invention provides novel pyrazolines that are useful as cannabinoid receptor antagonists/inverse agonists and pharmaceutical compositions thereof and methods of using the same for treating obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemias, cardiovascular disorders, hepatic disorders, and a combination thereof.
US08236820B2	Anti-inflammatory compounds and uses thereof Compounds of the general formula are disclosed with activity towards treating diseases related to inflammation, such as cancer, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are also described.
US08236818B2	Substituted imidazopyridine derivatives as melanocortin-4 receptor antagonists The present invention relates to substituted imidazopyridine derivatives as melanocortin-4 receptor (MC-4R) modulators, in particular as melanocortin-4 receptor antagonists. The antagonists are useful for the treatment of disorders and diseases such as cancer cachexia, muscle wasting, anorexia, amytrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), anxiety and depression.
US08236817B2	Polymorphs of 1-cyclopropy1-7-([s,s])-2,8-diazadicyclo[4.3.0]non-8-yl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-methoxy-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrochloride and methods for the preparation thereof Two novel crystalline forms, designated form A and form B of the antibacterial agent 1-cyclopropyl-7-(S,S)-2,8-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-8-yl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-methoxy -4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrochloride of formula, the preparation thereof, and their pharmaceutical compositions are described. These crystalline forms, which are characterized by greater ability and ease of preparation and of formulation, can be produced by industrially applicable methods which comprises the steps of: a) suspending 1-cyclopropyl-7-(S,S)-2,8-diazabicyclo-[4.3.0]non-8-yl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro -8-methoxy-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrochloride in a solvent selected from an alcohol and a polyalcohol, b) heating the mixture under reflux, c) cooling, d) isolating the product which is separated, (form A) and, additionally, e), reslurrying the solid at reflux in a solvent selected from alcohols and polyols or mixtures thereof, in which the resulting mixture has an overall water content of between 2.5% and 0.01% by weight, f) isolating the product (form B).
US08236816B2	2×2×2 week dosing regimen for treating actinic keratosis with pharmaceutical compositions formulated with 3.75 % imiquimod Pharmaceutical formulations and methods for the topical or transdermal delivery of 1-isobutyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]-quinolin-4-amine or 1-(2-methylpropyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-amine, i.e., imiquimod, to treat actinic keratosis with short durations of therapy, than currently prescribed for the commercially available ALDARA 5% imiquimod cream, as now approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”), are disclosed and described. More specifically, lower dosage strength imiquimod formulations to deliver an efficacious dose of imiquimod for treating actinic keratosis with an acceptable safety profile and dosing regimens that are short and more convenient for patient use than the dosing regimen currently approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (“FDA”) for ALDARA 5% imiquimod cream to treat actinic keratosis are also disclosed and described.
US08236815B2	Ion channel modulators and methods of uses The invention relates to ion channel modulators of formula Ia, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and to methods of treating diseases using such compounds where activation or hyperactivity of calcium and/or sodium ion channels is implicated in the disease state.
US08236814B2	Composition and method for treatment of warts Provided is a composition comprising 5-FU and salicylic acid. This composition is useful as a treatment for warts. As opposed to conventional compositions and methods, this composition need only be applied once a day. Also provided are methods for the preparation and use of the composition for treatment of warts.
US08236809B2	Substituted 1,2,3-triazolopyrimidines for the inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidases and platelet activation The invention relates to compounds of formula het-X-AB containing a N-heteroaryl moiety “het”, which is linked via X=sulfur to the 1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-7-yl moiety AB of the formula (II). The invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said compounds and the use thereof in drugs for the treatment of NAD(P)H oxidase-related diseases and disorders and inhibition of platelet activation.
US08236806B2	Piperazinyl-propyl-pyrazole derivatives as dopamine D4 receptor antagonists, and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same The present invention relates to a novel piperazinyl-propyl-pyrazole derivative, a method of its preparation and a pharmaceutically acceptable composition comprising the same. The novel piperazinyl-propyl-pyrazole derivative of the present invention has superior selective affinity for dopamine D4 receptor, can effectively inhibit psychotic behavior (cage climbing) induced by apomorphine, and has relatively low adverse effects in mouse rotarod test. Therefore, it can be developed as a therapeutic agent for the treatment and prevention of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, in particular, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, stress diseases, panic disorder, phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, cognitive disorder, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, anxiety, paraphrenia, mania, seizure disorder, personality disorder, migraine, drug addiction, alcohol addiction, obesity, eating disorder, and sleeping disorder.
US08236803B2	Aza-bicycloalkyl ethers and their use as alpha7-nAChR agonists The present invention relates to 1-aza-bicycloalkyl derivatives of formula I, wherein X is CH2 or a single bond; Y is a group of formula and wherein R has the meanings as defined in the specification, which compounds are alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists; to processes for their production, their use as pharmaceuticals and to pharmaceutical compositions comprising them.
US08236800B2	Facially amphiphilic polymers and oligomers and uses thereof The present invention discloses methods of use of facially amphiphilic polymers and oligomers, including pharmaceutical uses of the polymers and oligomers as antimicrobial agents and antidotes for hemorrhagic complications associated with heparin therapy. The present invention also discloses novel facially amphiphilic polymers and oligomers and their compositions, including pharmaceutical compositions. The present invention further discloses the design and synthesis of facially amphiphilic polymers and oligomers.
US08236799B2	Biaryl compositions and methods for modulating a kinase cascade The invention relates to compounds and methods for modulating one or more components of a kinase cascade. The invention relates to compounds of the formula I: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of the invention are useful for methods of protecting against or treating hearing loss, osteoporosis, cell proliferative disorders, obesity, diabetes, eye disease, stroke, atherosclerosis, neuropathic pain or hepatitis B.
US08236794B2	Treatment of mesothelioma A method of treating mesothelioma in a mammal, whereby a methylol-containing compound is administered to the mammal intrapleurally.
US08236791B2	Assays for S100 inhibitors Provided are methods of determining whether a compound is an inhibitor of an S100 protein. The methods utilize a biosensor that comprises the S100 protein that has a covalently bound fluorescent dye at an amino acid residue of the S100 protein that becomes less exposed to the aqueous solution upon activation of the S100 protein, where the fluorescent dye has decreased fluorescence when exposed to the aqueous solution than when protected from exposure to the aqueous solution. Also provided are methods of treating a subject having metastatic cancer.
US08236789B2	1-adamantyl azetidin-2-one derivatives and drugs containing same It is to provide a novel compound useful for preventing and/or treating diseases that involves 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, particularly diabetes, insulin resistance, diabetes complication, obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, fatty liver, or metabolic syndrome. It is an 1-adamantyl azetidin-2-one derivative represented by the following general formula (1) or salt thereof, or their solvate. [wherein A ring represents C6-10 aryl group, 5- to 14-membered heteroaryl group, R1 is a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-6 alkoxycarbonyl group, hydroxyl group, carboxyl group or carbamoyl group; R2 and R3 are the same or different and are a C1-6 alkyl group; R4, R5, and R6 are same or different, and are a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C1-6 alkyl group, C1-6 alkoxy group, C6-10 aryl group, or R4 and R5, or R5 and R6 may together form a C1-3 alkylenedioxy group, R7 and R8 are the same of different and represent a hydrogen atom or C1-6 alkyl group, or may together form a C3-6 cyclic hydrocarbon group, n represents an integer of 0 or 1].
US08236779B2	Antiviral nucleosides Compounds having the formula I wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as defined herein are Hepatitis C virus NS5b polymerase inhibitors. Also disclosed are compositions and methods for treating an HCV infection and inhibiting HCV replication.
US08236777B2	MicroRNA (miRNA) and downstream targets for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes The present invention relates to a promoter region of a microRNA, the use of a microRNA, in particular miR-21, and related elements for the diagnosis and for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and/or prevention of fibrosis and/or fibrosis related diseases. Additionally, the invention concerns antisense oligonucleotides against targets of miR-21. A cell deficient for miR-21, the promoter region and targets of miR-21 and a knock-out organism thereof are also encompassed. Finally, the invention is directed to a method for diagnosing fibrosis and/or fibrosis related diseases and to a method for screening a pharmaceutically active compound for the treatment of fibrosis and/or fibrosis related diseases. The present invention further relates to compositions for use in the treatment, amelioration, and/or prevention of fibrosis. In certain embodiments, the compositions modulate the activity of a miRNA for the treatment, amelioration, and/or prevention of fibrosis. In certain embodiments, the compositions inhibit the activity of miR-21 for the treatment, amelioration, and/or prevention of fibrosis.
US08236768B2	Topical antiviral formulations The disclosure provides novel topical antiviral pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more antiviral compounds and 2-deoxy-D-glucose in the form of lip-balms, creams and ointments. A specific embodiment discloses a lip-balm composition comprising acyclovir and 2-deoxy-D-glucose.
US08236753B2	RAP variants for drug delivery and methods of use thereof The present invention relates to stabilized RAP variants and methods of use thereof. Conjugates of stabilized RAP variants to therapeutic compounds and stabilized RAP fusion proteins comprising therapeutic polypeptides are also presented.
US08236749B2	Acetals as perfuming ingredients Acetal derivatives of 2,2,3,6-tetramethyl-1-cyclohexane/ene-carbaldehyde of formula (I): for use in the perfumery industry as well as the resulting compositions or articles containing one or more of these compounds. In formula (I), one dotted line indicates the presence of a carbon-carbon single or double bond and the other dotted line indicates the presence of a carbon-carbon single bond, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group; and each R, taken alone, simultaneously or independently, represents a C1-3 alkyl or alkenyl group, or the R groups, taken together, represent a C2-6 hydrocarbon group optionally including an oxygen atom.
US08236740B2	Lubricating oil composition The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil, a compressor oil composition, a hydraulic oil composition, a metalworking oil composition, a heat treating oil composition, a lubricating oil composition for machine tools and a lubricating oil composition which comprise a lubricating oil base oil having % CA of not more than 2, % CP/% CN of not less than 6 and an iodine value of not more than 2.5.
US08236738B2	Control of particulate entrainment by fluids An aqueous slurry composition for use in industries such as petroleum and pipeline industries that includes: a particulate, an aqueous carrier fluid, a chemical compound that renders the particulate surface hydrophobic, and a small amount of an oil. The slurry is produced by rendering the surface of the particulate hydrophobic during or before the making of the slurry. The addition of the oil greatly enhances the aggregation potential of the hydrophobically modified particulates once placed in the well bore.
US08236737B2	Particles comprising a fluorinated siloxane and methods of making and using the same Particles, including proppants, comprising a fluorinated siloxane. The particles are useful as proppants in fractured a subterranean geological formation comprising hydrocarbons.
US08236735B2	Oligoglycerol fatty acid ester lubricant additives for drilling fluids The use is described of oligoglycerol fatty acid esters, produced from (a) an acid component, selected from (a1) fatty acids of the general formula (I) R—COOH (I) in which R stands for a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl- or alkenyl radical with 7 to 21C atoms, and/or (a2) dicarboxylic acids and/or (a3) dimer fatty acids and/or (a4) oligomer fatty acids and/or (a5) hydroxy fatty acids with (b) a polyol component, which is selected from oligoglycerols or alkoxylates of oligoglycerols, as additive to oil-based drilling mud compositions to improve the lubricating effect of these mud systems.
US08236733B2	Method of forming a precursor solution for metal organic deposition and method of forming superconducting thick film using the same A method for forming a precursor solution for metal organic deposition includes dissolving an additive-free first precursor composed of a rare earth element, a second precursor comprising barium, and a third precursor composed of copper into an acid to form a compound solution; dissolving the compound solution into a solvent to form a pre-precursor solution; and evaporating the solvent from the pre-precursor solution to form a precursor solution having an increased viscosity; wherein at least one of the first precursor, the second precursor, and the third precursor is dissolved into a fluorine-free acid. A method for forming a superconducting thick film from the above precursor solution includes forming a thick film by a one-time coating of the precursor solution having an increased viscosity onto a biaxially-textured base followed by heat treating to form the superconducting thick film having a thickness of about 0.2 μm or more and having no cracking.
US08236731B2	Herbicide compatibility improvement A herbicidal composition comprises an aqueous solution of one to a plurality of salts of glyphosate at a total glyphosate a.e. concentration not less than about 360 g/l, wherein (a) said glyphosate is in anionic form accompanied by low molecular weight non-amphiphilic cations in a total molar amount of about 110% to about 120% of the molar amount of said glyphosate; and (b) a major amount to substantially all of the low molecular weight non-amphiphilic cations are potassium cations. The composition exhibits improved tank-mix compatibility with a phenoxy-type herbicide salt formulation by comparison with an otherwise similar composition having a lower molar amount of said low molecular weight non-amphiphilic cations.
US08236730B2	Aqueous herbicidal concentrate comprising a betaine type surfactant The present invention concerns an aqueous phytopathological formulation comprising a hydrosoluble salt of at least one aminophosphate or aminophosphonate type herbicide; at least one principal surfactant selected from alkylbetaines and alkyl(amidoalkyl)betaines, and at least one additive selected from at least one of the following compounds: (i) amines or etheramines comprising at least one hydrocarbon radical containing 2 to 24 carbon atoms, optionally polyalkoxylated; (ii) acid or non acid phosphate mono- or di-esters, optionally polyalkoxylated; (iii) alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium, iron, zinc or manganese salts of a mineral acid; and (iv) alkylmonoglycosides or alkylpolyglycosides.
US08236725B2	Gold carbon monoxide oxidation catalysts with etched substrate Applicant discloses multifunctional, highly active oxidation catalysts and methods of making such catalysts. Such methods include providing nanoparticles comprising titanium-oxo and zinc-oxo compositions, such as crystalline anatase titania nanoparticles with zinc-oxo domains on their surfaces, and etching the nanoparticles. The method also includes depositing catalytically active gold onto the nanoparticles, by, for example, physical vapor deposition.
US08236722B2	Aluminum oxide sintered product and method for producing the same An aluminum oxide sintered product including a layer phase containing a rare-earth element and fluorine among grains of aluminum oxide serving as a main component, or a phase containing a rare-earth element and fluorine along edges of grains of aluminum oxide serving as a main component. The product includes a phase containing a rare-earth element and a fluorine element among grains of aluminum oxide, the phase not being in the form of localized dots but in the form of line segments, when viewed in an SEM image. The product can be readily adjusted to have a volume resistivity in the range of 1×1013 to 1×1016 Ω·cm, the volume resistivity being calculated from a current value after the lapse of 1 minute from the application of a voltage of 2 kV/mm to the aluminum oxide sintered product at room temperature.
US08236719B2	Sintered and doped product based on zircon + Nb2O5 or Ta2O5 Sintered product produced from a starting charge containing 75 to 99% zircon, and having the following average chemical composition by weight, the percentages by weight being based on the oxides: 60%
US08236716B2	Photochromic benzopyrano-benzopyrans with further fusing The present invention relates to photochromic benzopyranobenzopyrans with additional fusion and to the use thereof in plastics of all types, in particular for ophthalmic purposes. The compounds according to the invention are photochromic benzopyran compounds which can also be regarded as derived from 9-oxa-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene.
US08236712B2	Flame resistant filler cloth and mattresses incorporating same A filler cloth includes cellulosic fibers treated with a flame retardant chemistry such that the filler cloth has a char length of less than about nine inches when tested in accordance with NFPA 701, such that thermal shrinkage of the filler cloth at 400° F. is less than about 35% in any direction, and such that the filler cloth maintains flame and heat resistant integrity when impinged with a gas flame in accordance with testing protocols set forth in Technical Bulletin 603 of the State of California Department of Consumer Affairs. The filler cloth cellulosic fibers are treated with a flame retardant chemistry such that the filler cloth has a Frazier air permeability of less than about 400 cfm and a thermal resistance rating of at least about 3 when tested according to NFPA 2112.
US08236711B1	Flexible spike and knife resistant composite A flexible spike and knife resistant composite incorporating a stack of at least ten consolidated layer groupings. Each layer grouping has a normalized stiffness of less than about 5 g/g/m2 as tested by a modified ASTM Test Method D6828-02 and contains one or two spike resistant textile layers, an adhesive layer, and one or two knife resistant textile layers. The spike resistant textile layers contain a plurality of interlocked yarns or fibers, where the yarns or fibers have a tenacity of about 8 or more grams per denier and the fiber size is less than ten denier per filament. The knife resistant textile layers contain monoaxially drawn fiber elements, where the fiber elements have an aspect ratio of greater than one and have a size greater than 100 denier per filament. The fiber elements of the knife resistant textile layer are bonded to each other or to the spike resistant layer.
US08236710B2	Technique to create a buried plate in embedded dynamic random access memory device A method for forming a trench structure is provided for a semiconductor and/or memory device, such as an DRAM device. In one embodiment, the method for forming a trench structure includes forming a trench in a semiconductor substrate, and exposing the sidewalls of the trench to an arsenic-containing gas to adsorb an arsenic containing layer on the sidewalls of the trench. A material layer is then deposited on the sidewalls of the trench to encapsulate the arsenic-containing layer between the material layer and sidewalls of the trench.
US08236709B2	Method of fabricating a device using low temperature anneal processes, a device and design structure A method of fabricating a device using a sequence of annealing processes is provided. More particularly, a logic NFET device fabricated using a low temperature anneal to eliminate dislocation defects, method of fabricating the NFET device and design structure is shown and described. The method includes forming a stress liner over a gate structure and subjecting the gate structure and stress liner to a low temperature anneal process to form a stacking force in single crystalline silicon near the gate structure as a way to memorized the stress effort. The method further includes stripping the stress liner from the gate structure and performing an activation anneal at high temperature on device.
US08236708B2	Reduced pattern loading using bis(diethylamino)silane (C8H22N2Si) as silicon precursor Aspects of the disclosure pertain to methods of depositing dielectric layers on patterned substrates. In embodiments, dielectric layers are deposited by flowing BIS(DIETHYLAMINO)SILANE (BDEAS), ozone and molecular oxygen into a processing chamber such that a relatively uniform dielectric growth rate is achieved across the patterned substrate surface. The deposition of dielectric layers grown according to embodiments may have a reduced dependence on pattern density while still being suitable for non-sacrificial applications.
US08236707B2	Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present invention includes the steps of: (a) introducing hydrogen and oxygen on a SiC substrate; and (b) subjecting the hydrogen and the oxygen to a combustion reaction on the SiC substrate to form a gate oxide film being a silicon oxide film on a surface of the SiC substrate by the combustion reaction.
US08236706B2	Method and apparatus for growing thin oxide films on silicon while minimizing impact on existing structures Plasma assisted low temperature radical oxidation is described. The oxidation is selective to metals or metal oxides that may be present in addition to the silicon being oxidized. Selectivity is achieved by proper selection of process parameters, mainly the ratio of H2 to O2 gas. The process window may be enlarged by injecting H2O steam into the plasma, thereby enabling oxidation of silicon in the presence of TiN and W, at relatively low temperatures. Selective oxidation is improved by the use of an apparatus having remote plasma and flowing radicals onto the substrate, but blocking ions from reaching the substrate.
US08236699B2	Contact patterning method with transition etch feedback A method for forming a contact hole in a semiconductor device and related computer-readable storage medium are provided, the method and program steps of the medium including measuring a percentage of oxygen in an etching chamber, and controlling the percentage of oxygen in the etching chamber to enlarge a temporary inner diameter near a top of the contact hole.
US08236698B2	Method for forming non-aligned microcavities of different depths The invention relates to a method for forming microcavities (118) of different depths in a layer (102) based on at least an amorphous or monocrystalline material, comprising at least the following steps in which: at least one shaft and/or trench is formed in the layer (102) so as to extend through one face (101) thereof, such that two sections of the shaft and/or the trench, in two different planes parallel to the face (101), are aligned in relation to one another along an alignment axis forming a non-zero angle with a normal to the plane of said face (101); and the layer (102) is annealed in a hydrogenated atmosphere so as to transform the shaft and/or trench into at least two microcavities (118).
US08236697B2	Method for manufacturing semiconductor device A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device which includes fine patterns having various critical dimensions (CDs) by adjusting a thickness of spacer used as an etching mask in Spacer Patterning Technology (SPT). The method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming spacers at a different level over an etching target layer and etching the etching target layer exposed among the spacers.
US08236693B2	Methods of forming silicides of different thicknesses on different structures The gate and active regions of a device are formed and alternating steps of applying and removing nitride and oxide layers allows exposing silicon in different areas while keeping silicon or polysilicon in other area covered with nitride. Metal layers are deposited over the exposed silicon or polysilicon and annealing forms a silicide layer in the selected exposed areas. The oxide and/or nitride layers are removed from the covered areas and another metal layer is deposited. The anneal process is repeated with silicide of one thickness formed over the second exposed areas with additional thickness of silicide formed over the previous silicide thickness.
US08236689B2	Method for applying a structure to a semiconductor element A method for applying a predetermined structure of a structural material to a semiconductor element. The method includes the following steps: A) partially covering a surface of the semiconductor element with a masking layer, B) applying a film of a structural material to the masking layer and to the surface of the semiconductor element in the zones that are devoid of the masking layer and C) removing the masking layer together with the structural material present on the masking layer. The method according to the invention provides that between process steps B and C, the film of structural material is partially removed in a process step B2.
US08236687B2	Die-bonding method of LED chip and LED manufactured by the same A die-bonding method is suitable for die-bonding a LED chip having a first metal thin-film layer to a substrate. The method includes forming a second metal thin film layer on a surface of the substrate; forming a die-bonding material layer on the second metal thin film layer; placing the LED chip on the die-bonding material layer with the first metal thin film layer contacting the die-bonding material layer; heating the die-bonding material layer at a liquid -solid reaction temperature for a pre-curing time, so as to form a first intermetallic layer and a second intermetallic layer; and heating the die-bonding material layer at a solid-solid reaction temperature for a curing time for performing a solid-solid reaction. The liquid-solid reaction temperature and the solid-solid reaction temperature are both lower than 110° C., and a melting point of the first and second intermetallic layers after the solid-solid reaction is higher than 200° C.
US08236686B2	Dual metal gates using one metal to alter work function of another metal Methods of forming dual metal gates and the gates so formed are disclosed. A method may include forming a first metal (e.g., NMOS metal) layer on a gate dielectric layer and a second metal (e.g., PMOS metal) layer on the first metal layer, whereby the second metal layer alters a work function of the first metal layer (to form PMOS metal). The method may remove a portion of the second metal layer to expose the first metal layer in a first region; form a silicon layer on the exposed first metal layer in the first region and on the second metal layer in a second region; and form the dual metal gates in the first and second regions. Since the gate dielectric layer is continuously covered with the first metal, it is not exposed to the damage from the metal etch process.
US08236682B2	Method of forming contact structure Provided is a method of forming a contact structure. The method includes forming a conductive pattern on a substrate. An interlayer insulating layer covering the conductive pattern is formed. The interlayer insulating layer is patterned to form an opening partially exposing the conductive pattern. An oxide layer is formed on substantially the entire surface of the substrate on which the opening is formed. A reduction process is performed to reduce the oxide layer. Here, the oxide layer on a bottom region of the opening is reduced to a catalyst layer, and the oxide layer on a region other than the bottom region of the opening is reduced to a non-catalyst layer. A nano material is grown from the catalyst layer, so that a contact plug is formed in the opening.
US08236681B2	Manufacturing method of semiconductor integrated circuit device In a formation process of a semi-global interconnect in a Cu damascene multilayer wiring structure, it is the common practice, upon formation of the damascene wiring structure, to remove an etch stop insulating film from a via bottom by dry etching and then carry out nitrogen plasma treatment to reduce carbon deposits on the surface of the via bottom. Study by the present inventors has revealed that when a sequence of successive discharging for the removal of electrostatic charge by using nitrogen plasma and transportation of the wafer is performed, a Cu hollow is generated on the via bottom at the end of the via chain coupled to a pad lead interconnect having a length not less than a threshold value. According to the invention, in a via hole formation step in a damascene semi-global interconnect or the like, dry etching treatment of a via-bottom etch stop film is performed and then, after nitrogen plasma treatment in the same treatment chamber, electrostatic charge removal treatment by using argon plasma is performed.
US08236678B2	Tunable spacers for improved gapfill A device that includes a substrate with an active region is disclosed. The device includes a gate disposed in the active region and tunable sidewall spacers on sidewalls of the gate. A profile of the tunable sidewall spacers includes upper and lower portions in which width of the spacers in the upper portion is reduced at a greater rate than the lower portion.
US08236677B2	RTA for fabrication of solar cells A method of semiconductor junction formation in RTA process for fabrication of solar cells provides for delivery of inert gases in the vicinity of the Si wafer while dopant species are being driven form a dopant source into the surface of the wafer irradiated by a laser beam. The laser beam is emitted by CW- or pulsed operated lasers including fiber lasers operative to provide annealing and diffusion operation. Optionally, the passivation of the surface and formation of the antireflection coating are performed simultaneously with the penetration the dopant species.
US08236676B2	Integrated circuit having doped semiconductor body and method An integrated circuit and method for making an integrated circuit including doping a semiconductor body is disclosed. One embodiment provides defect-correlated donors and/or acceptors. The defects required for this are produced by electron irradiation of the semiconductor body. Form defect-correlated donors and/or acceptors with elements or element compounds are introduced into the semiconductor body.
US08236674B2	Substrate processing method and semiconductor device manufacturing method including a proton injection step and a laser irradiation step A substrate micro-processing method and a semiconductor device manufacturing method in which a stained part does not remain in a finished product even if a residual ion-injected part stays in the finished product. The substrate micro-processing method is one that carries out processing of a substrate by dividing the substrate depthwise, and comprises a proton injection step S11 in which protons are injected from one principal surface side of the substrate and an irradiation step S12 in which the substrate is irradiated with light having the wavelength nearly equal to the absorption wavelength of the defect level formed within the substrate due to the proton injection in order to divide the substrate.
US08236673B2	Methods of fabricating vertical semiconductor device utilizing phase changes in semiconductor materials A method of fabricating a vertical NAND semiconductor device can include changing a phase of a first preliminary semiconductor layer in an opening from solid to liquid to form a first single crystalline semiconductor layer in the opening and then forming a second preliminary semiconductor layer on the first single crystalline semiconductor layer. The phase of the second preliminary semiconductor layer is changed from solid to liquid to form a second single crystalline semiconductor layer that combines with the first single crystalline semiconductor layers to form a single crystalline semiconductor layer in the opening.
US08236670B2	Method of applying a pattern of metal, metal oxide and/or semiconductor material on a substrate A method of applying a pattern of metal, metal oxide, and/or semiconductor material on a substrate, a pattern created by that method, and uses of that pattern.
US08236669B2	High-temperature spin-on temporary bonding compositions New compositions and methods of using those compositions as bonding compositions are provided. The compositions are preferably thermoplastic and comprise imides, amideimides, and/or amideimide-siloxanes (either in polymeric or oligomeric form) dispersed or dissolved in a solvent system, and can be used to bond an active wafer to a carrier wafer or substrate to assist in protecting the active wafer and its active sites during subsequent processing and handling. The compositions form bonding layers that are chemically and thermally resistant, but that can also be softened to allow the wafers to slide apart at the appropriate stage in the fabrication process.
US08236668B2	Method for manufacturing SOI substrate An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an SOI substrate provided with a semiconductor layer which can be used practically even where a substrate having a low upper temperature limit such as a glass substrate is used. The manufacturing method compromises the steps of preparing a semiconductor substrate provided with a bonding layer formed on a surface thereof and a separation layer formed at a predetermined depth from the surface thereof, bonding the bonding layer to the base substrate having a distortion point of 700° C. or lower so that the semiconductor substrate and the base substrate face each other, and separating a part of the semiconductor substrate at the separation layer by heat treatment in order to form a single-crystal semiconductor layer over the base substrate. In the manufacturing method, a substrate which shrinks isotropically at least by the heat treatment is used as the base substrate.
US08236667B2	Silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer and process for producing same Ion injection is performed to a single crystal silicon wafer to form an ion injection layer, with the ion injection surface of the single crystal silicon wafer and/or the surface of the transparent insulation substrate are/is processed using plasma and/or ozone. The ion injection surface of the single crystal silicon wafer and the surface of the transparent insulation substrate are bonded to each other by bringing them into close contact with each other at room temperature. A silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer is obtained by mechanically peeling the single crystal silicon wafer by giving an impact to the ion injection layer, to form an SOI layer on the transparent insulation substrate, and thermal processing for flattening the SOI layer surface is performed to the SOI wafer, under an atmosphere of an inert gas, a hydrogen gas, and a mixture gas of them.
US08236665B2	Method for manufacturing semiconductor device with SEG film active region A semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. A barrier film is formed in a device separating structure, and the device separating structure is etched at a predetermined thickness to expose a semiconductor substrate. Then, a SEG film is grown to form an active region whose area is increased. As a result, a current driving power of a transistor located at a cell region and peripheral circuit regions is improved.
US08236664B2	Phase change memory device accounting for volume change of phase change material and method for manufacturing the same A phase change memory device includes a silicon substrate including a plurality of active regions which extend in a first direction and are arranged at regular intervals in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Switching elements are formed in each active region of the silicon substrate and are spaced apart from one another. Phase change patterns are formed in the second direction and have the shape of lines in such that the phase change patterns connect side surfaces of pairs of switching elements which are placed adjacent to each other in a direction diagonal to the first direction.
US08236661B2	Self-aligned well implant for improving short channel effects control, parasitic capacitance, and junction leakage A method of forming a self-aligned well implant for a transistor includes forming a patterned gate structure over a substrate, including a gate conductor, a gate dielectric layer and sidewall spacers, the substrate including an undoped semiconductor layer beneath the gate dielectric layer and a doped semiconductor layer beneath the undoped semiconductor layer; removing portions of the undoped semiconductor layer and the doped semiconductor layer left unprotected by the patterned gate structure, wherein a remaining portion of the undoped semiconductor layer beneath the patterned gate structure defines a transistor channel and a remaining portion of the doped semiconductor layer beneath the patterned gate structure defines the self-aligned well implant; and growing a new semiconductor layer at locations corresponding to the removed portions of the undoped semiconductor layer and the doped semiconductor layer, the new semiconductor layer corresponding to source and drain regions of the transistor.
US08236657B2	Replacing symmetric transistors with asymmetric transistors A semiconductor structure includes a symmetric metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor comprising a first and a second asymmetric MOS transistor. The first asymmetric MOS transistor includes a first gate electrode, and a first source and a first drain adjacent the first gate electrode. The second asymmetric MOS transistor includes a second gate electrode, and a second source and a second drain adjacent the second gate electrode. The first gate electrode is connected to the second gate electrode, wherein only one of the first source and the first drain is connected to only one of the respective second source and the second drain.
US08236655B2	Fuse link structures using film stress for programming and methods of manufacture A method of forming a programmable fuse structure includes forming at least one shallow trench isolation (STI) in a substrate, forming an e-fuse over the at least one STI and depositing an interlevel dielectric (ILD) layer over the e-fuse. Additionally, the method includes removing at least a portion of the at least one STI under the e-fuse to provide an air gap below a portion of the e-fuse and removing at least a portion of the ILD layer over the e-fuse to provide the air gap above the portion of the e-fuse.
US08236651B2	Shielded gate trench MOSFET device and fabrication A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a plurality of trenches, including applying a first mask, forming a first polysilicon region in at least some of the plurality of trenches, forming a inter-polysilicon dielectric region and a termination protection region, including applying a second mask, forming a second polysilicon region in the at least some of the plurality of trenches, forming a first electrical contact to the first polysilicon region and forming a second electrical contact to the second polysilicon region, including applying a third mask, disposing a metal layer, and forming a source metal region and a gate metal region, including applying a fourth mask.
US08236649B2	Semiconductor memory device with spacer shape floating gate and manufacturing method of the semiconductor memory device A semiconductor memory device is provided including: a spacer shaped floating gate formed on a semiconductor substrate; a dielectric layer spacer formed at one side wall of the floating gate; a third oxide layer formed over the floating gate and the dielectric layer; and a control gate formed over the third oxide layer. According to an embodiment, the structure of the floating gate in a plate shape whose center is concave is improved to the spacer structure, making it possible to minimize the size of the semiconductor memory device and to improve density. Moreover, a LOCOS process can be excluded while forming the floating gate, making it possible to more efficiently fabricate the device.
US08236642B2	Fully isolated high-voltage MOS device A semiconductor structure includes a semiconductor substrate; an n-type tub extending from a top surface of the semiconductor substrate into the semiconductor substrate, wherein the n-type tub comprises a bottom buried in the semiconductor substrate; a p-type buried layer (PBL) on a bottom of the tub, wherein the p-type buried layer is buried in the semiconductor substrate; and a high-voltage n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor (HVNMOS) device over the PBL and within a region encircled by sides of the n-type tub.
US08236629B2	Method for manufacturing thin film integrated circuit, and element substrate Application form of and demand for an IC chip formed with a silicon wafer are expected to increase, and further reduction in cost is required. An object of the invention is to provide a structure of an IC chip and a process capable of producing at a lower cost. A feature of the invention is to use a metal film and a reactant having the metal film as a separation layer. An etching rate of the metal film or the reactant having metal is high, and a physical means in addition to a chemical means of etching the metal film or the reactant having metal can be used in the invention. Thus, the IDF chip can be manufactured more simply and easily in a short time.
US08236628B2	Array substrate and manufacturing method A method of manufacturing an array substrate comprising: forming a data line and a gate line which are crossed with each other and a gate electrode on a base substrate, and the data line is discontinuously disposed so as to be separated from the gate line or the gate line is discontinuously disposed so as to be separated from the data line; forming an active layer and a gate insulating layer including bridge via holes and a source electrode via hole on the base substrate, and the bridge via holes are located at positions respectively corresponding to adjacent discontinuous sections of the data line or adjacent discontinuous sections of the gate line, and the source electrode via hole is located at a position corresponding to the data line; and forming a pixel electrode, a source electrode, a drain electrode and a bridge line on the base substrate, and the pixel electrode and the drain electrode are formed integrally, and the source electrode is connected to the data line through the source electrode via hole, and the bridge line connects the adjacent discontinuous sections of the data line or the adjacent discontinuous sections of the gate line through the bridge via holes.
US08236624B2	Method for producing a thyristor In a method for producing an electronic component, a first doped connection region and a second doped connection region are formed on or above a substrate; a body region is formed between the first doped connection region and the second doped connection region; at least two gate regions separate from one another are formed on or above the body region; at least one partial region of the body region is doped by means of introducing dopant atoms, wherein the dopant atoms are introduced into the at least one partial region of the body region through at least one intermediate region formed between the at least two separate gate regions.
US08236620B2	Method of manufacturing a semiconductor device To solve a problem in that a die processing cost increases when employing a method involving providing a suction hole in the die to fix an island onto a bottom surface, provided is a semiconductor device, which includes: a semiconductor chip, an island having a first surface, on which the semiconductor chip is mounted, and a second surface opposing to the first surface, a hanger pin extended from the island, a branch portion extended from one of the island and the hanger pin, and a resin encapsulating the semiconductor chip, the island, the hanger pin and the brunch portion while exposing the second surface of the island.
US08236616B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof There is provided a low-cost semiconductor device that commercial and quality-assured (inspected) chip size packages can be stacked and has a small co-planarity value and a high mounting reliability. A semiconductor device in which a flexible circuit substrate is adhered to at least a part of a lateral side of a semiconductor package, and the flexible circuit substrate, which is on a side facing solder balls of the semiconductor package, is folded at a region inside of an edge of the semiconductor package.
US08236613B2	Wafer level chip scale package method using clip array A method for wafer level chip scale package comprises providing a wafer with semiconductor chips formed thereon, forming a groove alongside each chip, providing a wafer size clip array with a plurality of clip contact areas each extending to a down set connecting bar, connecting the plurality of clip contact areas to a plurality of the electrodes disposed on a top surface of the chips with down set connecting bars disposed inside the grooves, encapsulating top of wafer in molding compound, thinning the bottom portion of the wafer and dicing the thin wafer into single chip packages. The chip has source and gate electrodes on a top surface connected to a first and second clip contact areas extending to a first a second down set connecting bars respectively, with the bottom surfaces of the down set connecting bars substantially coplanar to a drain electrode located at the chip bottom surface.
US08236612B2	Partially patterned lead frames and methods of making and using the same in semiconductor packaging A method of making a lead frame and a partially patterned lead frame package with near-chip scale packaging lead-count, wherein the method lends itself to better automation of the manufacturing line and improved quality and reliability of the packages produced therefrom. A major portion of the manufacturing process steps is performed with a partially patterned strip of metal formed into a web-like lead frame on one side so that the web-like lead frame is also rigid mechanically and robust thermally to perform without distortion or deformation during the chip-attach and wire bond processes, both at the chip level and the package level. The bottom side of the metal lead frame is patterned to isolate the chip-pad and the wire bond contacts only after the front side, including the chip and wires, is hermetically sealed with an encapsulant. The resultant package being electrically isolated enables strip testing and reliable singulation.
US08236611B1	Die singulation method and package formed thereby A method is disclosed for singulating die from a substrate having a sacrificial layer and one or more device layers, with a retainer being formed in the device layer(s) and anchored to the substrate. Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE) etching of a trench through the substrate from the bottom side defines a shape for each die. A handle wafer is then attached to the bottom side of the substrate, and the sacrificial layer is etched to singulate the die and to form a frame from the retainer and the substrate. The frame and handle wafer, which retain the singulated die in place, can be attached together with a clamp or a clip and to form a package for the singulated die. One or more stops can be formed from the device layer(s) to limit a sliding motion of the singulated die.
US08236608B2	Stacking package structure with chip embedded inside and die having through silicon via and method of the same The semiconductor device package structure includes a first die with a through silicon via (TSV) open from back side of the first die to expose bonding pads; a build up layer coupled between the bonding pads to terminal metal pads by the through silicon via (TSV); a substrate with a second die embedded inside and top circuit wiring and bottom circuit wiring on top and bottom side of the substrate respectively; and a conductive through hole structure coupled between the terminal metal pads to the top circuit wiring and the bottom circuit wiring.
US08236607B2	Integrated circuit packaging system with stacked integrated circuit and method of manufacture thereof A method of manufacture an integrated circuit packaging system includes: providing a substrate; attaching a base component to the substrate by a first interconnect; attaching a stack component connected by a second interconnect to the substrate and partially over the base component, the second interconnect different from the first interconnect; molding an encapsulation over the base component, the first interconnect, the stack component, and the second interconnect; and removing the substrate to partially expose the first interconnect and the second interconnect from the encapsulation.
US08236605B2	Method for separating semiconductor wafer into chips A method for separating a semiconductor wafer into chips includes the steps of sandwiching a soluble spacer between a wafer and a substrate to form a laminate, etching the wafer into a plurality of chips attached on the spacer, positioning the laminate in a chamber of an apparatus in a way that the etched wafer faces a stage of the apparatus, and introducing a solvent into the chamber to dissolve the soluble spacer so as to facilitate the chips to be supported on the stage.
US08236603B1	Polycrystalline semiconductor layers and methods for forming the same A semiconductor structure may include a polycrystalline substrate comprising a metal, the polycrystalline substrate having substantially randomly oriented grains, as well as a buffer layer disposed thereover. The buffer layer may comprise a plurality of islands having an average island spacing therebetween. A polycrystalline semiconductor layer is disposed over the buffer layer.
US08236600B2	Joining method for preparing an inverted metamorphic multijunction solar cell A method of manufacturing a solar cell by providing a first semiconductor substrate and depositing a first sequence of layers of semiconductor material to form a first solar subcell, including a first bond layer disposed on the top of the first sequence of layers. A second semiconductor substrate is provided, and on the top surface of the second substrate a second sequence of layers of semiconductor material is deposited forming at least a second solar subcell. A second bond layer is disposed on the top of said second sequence of layers. The first solar subcell is mounted on top of the second solar subcell by joining the first bond layer to the second bond layer in an ultra high vacuum chamber, and the first semiconductor substrate is removed.
US08236598B2	Layered contact structure for solar cells Formulations and methods of making semiconductor devices and solar cell contacts are disclosed. The invention provides a method of making a semiconductor device or solar cell contact including ink-jet printing onto a silicon wafer an ink composition, typically including a high solids loading (20-80 wt %) of glass frit and preferably a conductive metal such as silver. The wafer is then fired such that the glass frit fuses to form a glass, thereby forming a contact layer to silicon.
US08236595B2	Nanowire sensor, nanowire sensor array and method of fabricating the same A method of fabricating a sensor comprising a nanowire on a support substrate with a first semiconductor layer arranged on the support substrate is disclosed. The method comprises forming a fin structure from the first semiconductor layer, the fin structure comprising at least two supporting portions and a fin portion arranged there between; oxidizing at least the fin portion of the fin structure thereby forming the nanowire being surrounded by a first layer of oxide; and forming an insulating layer above the supporting portions; wherein the supporting portions and the first insulating layer form a microfluidic channel. A nanowire sensor is also disclosed. The nanowire sensor comprises a support substrate, a semiconducting fin structure arranged on the support substrate, the fin structure comprising at least two semiconducting supporting portions and a nanowire arranged there between; and a first insulating layer on a contact surface of the supporting portions; wherein the supporting portions and the first insulating layer form a microfluidic channel.
US08236593B2	Methods for improving the quality of epitaxially-grown semiconductor materials The invention provides methods which can be applied during the epitaxial growth of two or more layers of semiconductor materials so that the qualities of successive layer are successively improved. In preferred embodiments, surface defects present in one epitaxial layer are capped with a masking material. A following layer is then grown so it extends laterally above the caps according to the known phenomena of epitaxial lateral overgrowth. The methods of the invention can be repeated by capping surface defects in the following layer and then epitaxially growing a second following layer according to ELO. The invention also includes semiconductor structures fabricated by these methods.
US08236588B2	Method for manufacturing a multi-wavelength integrated semiconductor laser An object is to provide a multi-wavelength integrated semiconductor laser device which can reduce variations in emission point distance, can be formed by simplified manufacturing processes, and can provide improve electric characteristics.A first semiconductor laser element 100 having an active layer AL1 for emitting a laser beam of a first wavelength from its light-emitting point X1 and a second semiconductor laser element 200 having an active layer AL2 for emitting a laser beam of a second wavelength from its light-emitting point X2 are bonded to each other via an adhesive layer MC made of metal. At least either one of the semiconductor laser elements has a ridge waveguide made of an n-type semiconductor. The semiconductor laser elements 100 and 200 are bonded via the metal adhesive layer MC at the sides of their respective p-type semiconductors. A submount SUB is bonded to the first semiconductor laser element 100 via metal at a side where its ridge waveguide is formed.
US08236585B2	Method of making diode having reflective layer A method of forming a light emitting diode includes forming a transparent substrate and a GaN buffer layer on the transparent substrate. An n-GaN layer is formed on the buffer layer. An active layer is formed on the n-GaN layer. A p-GaN layer is formed on the active layer. A p-electrode is formed on the p-GaN layer and an n-electrode is formed on the n-GaN layer. A reflective layer is formed on a second side of the transparent substrate. A scribe line is formed on the substrate for separating the diodes on the substrate. Also, a cladding layer of AlGaN is between the p-GaN layer and the active layer.
US08236582B2	Controlling edge emission in package-free LED die Light emitting diode (LED) structures are fabricated in wafer scale by mounting singulated LED dies on a carrier wafer or a stretch film, separating the LED dies to create spaces between the LED dies, applying a reflective coating over the LED dies and in the spaces between the LED dies, and separating or breaking the reflective coating in the spaces between the LED dies such that some reflective coating remains on the lateral sides of the LED die. Portions of the reflective coating on the lateral sides of the LED dies may help to control edge emission.
US08236580B2	Copper contamination detection method and system for monitoring copper contamination A method of monitoring copper contamination. The method includes method, comprising: (a) ion-implanting an N-type dopant into a region of single-crystal silicon substrate, the region abutting a top surface of the substrate; (c) activating the N-type dopant by annealing the substrate at a temperature of 500° C. or higher in an inert atmosphere; (c) submerging, for a present duration of time, the substrate into an aqueous solution, the aqueous solution to be monitored for copper contamination; and (d) determining an amount of copper adsorbed from the aqueous solution by the region of the substrate.
US08236579B2	Methods and systems for lithography alignment Methods and systems for lithographically exposing a substrate based on a curvature profile of the substrate.
US08236576B2	Magnetic logic element with toroidal multiple magnetic films and a method of logic treatment using the same A magnetic logic element with toroidal magnetic multilayers (5,6,8,9). The magnetic logic element comprises a toroidal closed section which is fabricated by etching a unit of magnetic multilayers (5,6,8,9) deposited on a substrate. Optionally, the magnetic logic element may also comprise a metal core (10) in the closed toroidal section. Said magnetic multilayers (5,6,8,9) unit is arranged on the input signal lines A, B, C and an output signal line O, and then is made into a closed toroidal. Subsequently, on the toroidal magnetic multilayered unit (5,6,8,9), the input signal lines A′, B′, C′ and an output signal line O′ are fabricated by etching. This magnetic logic element can reduce the demagnetization field and the shape anisotropy effectively, leading to the decrease of the reversal field of magnetic free layer. Furthermore, this magnetic logic element has stable working performance and long operation life of the device.
US08236574B2	Ultra-sensitive detection of molecules or particles using beads or other capture objects The present invention relates to systems and methods for detecting analyte molecules or particles in a fluid sample and in some cases, determining a measure of the concentration of the molecules or particles in the fluid sample. Methods of the present invention may comprise immobilizing a plurality of analyte molecules or particles with respect to a plurality of capture objects. At least a portion of the plurality of capture objects may be spatially separated into a plurality of locations. A measure of the concentration of analyte molecules in a fluid sample may be determined, at least in part, on the number of reaction vessels comprising an analyte molecule immobilized with respect to a capture object. In some cases, the assay may additionally comprise steps including binding ligands, precursor labeling agents, and/or enzymatic components.
US08236569B2	Multi-dimensional integrated detection and analysis system (MIDAS) based on microcantilvers The present invention is a multidimensional integrated detection and analysis system (MIDAS) for any gas or fluid that transfers or accepts electronic charge (including but not limited to CH4, CO2, CO, NOx, SOx, H2O, NH3, NHx). MIDAS allows for the development of a highly sensitive, selective, and expedient sensor platform capable of uniquely identifying adsorbed molecules based on simultaneous measurement of truly orthogonal responses based on work function (φ), capacitance (C), and/or conductance (σ) changes.
US08236567B2	Method and apparatus for automated determining of chemical oxygen demand of a liquid sample A method and apparatus for automated determining of the chemical oxygen demand of a liquid sample, comprising steps as follows: mixing the liquid sample with sulfuric acid; introducing a carrier gas, especially air, into the liquid sample-sulfuric acid mixture; adding an oxidizing agent to the liquid sample-sulfuric acid mixture to form a reaction mixture; heating (especially under reflux conditions) the reaction mixture at the boiling temperature of the reaction mixture for a predetermined time period; photometrically determining consumption of an oxidizing agent in the reaction mixture; and ascertaining therefrom the chemical oxygen demand of the liquid sample, wherein all steps are automatedly performed in an analytical system with the assistance of an evaluating and control unit.
US08236564B2	Automated titration method for use on blended asphalts A system for determining parameters and compatibility of a substance such as an asphalt or other petroleum substance uses titration to highly accurately determine one or more flocculation occurrences and is especially applicable to the determination or use of Heithaus parameters and optimal mixing of various asphalt stocks. In a preferred embodiment, automated titration in an oxygen gas exclusive system and further using spectrophotometric analysis (2-8) of solution turbidity is presented. A reversible titration technique enabling in-situ titration measurement of various solution concentrations is also presented.
US08236563B2	Methods of differentiating and protecting cells by modulating the p38/MEF2 pathway The present invention provides a method of differentiating progenitor cells to produce a population containing protected neuronal cells. A method of the invention includes the steps of contacting the progenitor cells with a differentiating agent; and introducing into the progenitor cells a nucleic acid molecule encoding a MEF2 polypeptide or an active fragment thereof, thereby differentiating the progenitor cells to produce a population containing protected neuronal cells. In one embodiment, the MEF2 polypeptide is human MEF2C or an active fragment thereof.
US08236556B2	Method of modulating gene expression using an ecdysone receptor-based inducible gene expression system This invention relates to the field of biotechnology or genetic engineering. Specifically, this invention relates to the field of gene expression. More specifically, this invention relates to a novel ecdysone receptor/chimeric retinoid X receptor-based inducible gene expression system and methods of modulating gene expression in a host cell for applications such as gene therapy, large-scale production of proteins and antibodies, cell-based high throughput screening assays, functional genomics and regulation of traits in transgenic organisms.
US08236555B2	Multiplexed assay methods The present invention is directed to methods for conducting multiplexed assays. The methods are particularly well suited for measuring a plurality of analytes that may be present in very different abundances. The invention also relates to systems, devices, equipment, kits and reagents for use in such methods.
US08236554B2	Biogas plant for methanizing biomass having a high solids fraction A biogas plant for methanizing biomass having a high solids fraction includes a digestion tank system having a plurality of digestion tanks adapted to be closed in a gas- and liquid-tight manner, each of which includes a charging and withdrawing opening for charging with biomass and withdrawing the biomass, a biogas discharge means, a percolate reservoir, a percolate drainage means for discharging percolate from the plurality of digestion tanks and supplying the percolate to the percolate reservoir, a percolate distributing means for distributing the percolate from the percolate reservoir over the biomass in the plurality of digestion tanks, and a percolate regulating means for regulating the percolate level in the plurality of digestion tanks. The percolate reservoir includes a first and a second percolate container, and supplying and discharging of percolate to/from the first and/or the second percolate container takes place with the aid of the percolate regulating means.
US08236553B2	Apparatus, system and method for purifying nucleic acids Methods and devices for isolating nucleic acids from a mixture containing such nucleic acids and extraneous matter are provided. In one embodiment, the method of the invention comprises passing the mixture through a glass frit under conditions effective to separate the nucleic acids from the extraneous matter. In a more specific embodiment, the glass frit is a sintered glass frit.
US08236552B2	Production of isoprenoids The invention provides a biological method of producing isoprenoids.
US08236549B2	Bacillus amylollquefaciens strain The present disclosure relates to a strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacteria that hyperproduces amylase enzyme and protease enzyme. The strain is also suitable for producing lipase for the degradation of oleaginous materials such as fats, greases and cooking oils. The strain also has excellent fungicidal and/or fungistatic qualities. The strain of the present disclosure and the enzymes produced thereby have a number of applications, including agricultural uses, laundry and dish detergents, drain cleaners and spot removers, and among other things, baking applications.
US08236539B2	Methods for increasing product yields A non-naturally occurring microbial organism includes a microbial organism having a reductive TCA or Wood-Ljungdahl pathway in which at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding these pathway enzymes is expressed in a sufficient amount to enhance carbon flux through acetyl-CoA. A method for enhancing carbon flux through acetyl-CoA includes culturing theses non-naturally occurring microbial organisms under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce a product having acetyl-CoA as a building block. Another non-naturally occurring microbial organism includes at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to enhance the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of carbon monoxide or hydrogen, thereby increasing the yield of redox-limited products via carbohydrate-based carbon feedstock. A method for enhancing the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of carbon monoxide or hydrogen includes culturing this organism for a sufficient period of time to produce a product.
US08236535B2	Processing biomass Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.
US08236534B2	Process for producing ethanol A process for producing ethanol including a combination of biochemical and synthetic conversions results in high yield ethanol production with concurrent production of high value coproducts. An acetic acid intermediate is produced from carbohydrates, such as corn, using enzymatic milling and fermentation steps, followed by conversion of the acetic acid into ethanol using esterification and hydrogenation reactions. Coproducts can include corn oil, and high protein animal feed containing the biomass produced in the fermentation.
US08236532B2	Multibase delivery for long reads in sequencing by synthesis protocols Methods for obtaining nucleic acid sequence information including the steps of (a) providing a first sequencing reagent to a target nucleic acid in the presence of a polymerase, wherein the first sequencing reagent includes at least two different nucleotide monomers and no more than three nucleotide monomers, wherein the nucleotide monomers are simultaneously in the presence of the target nucleic acid, (b) providing a second sequencing reagent to the target nucleic acid, wherein the second sequencing reagent comprises one or more nucleotide monomers, at least one of the one or more nucleotide monomers being different from the nucleotide monomers present in the first sequencing reagent, and wherein the second sequencing reagent is provided subsequent to providing the first sequencing reagent, and optionally (c) repeating (a) and (b) for said target nucleic acid, whereby sequence information for at least a portion of the target nucleic acid is obtained.
US08236529B2	Vectors, methods, systems and kits for protein purification Disclosed herein are autocleaved peptide linkers for producing purified proteins. The autocleaved peptide linkers are inserted between a chitin binding protein (CBP) and a target protein to form a fusion protein. Upon expression of the fusion protein, it is allowed to pass a chitin matrix so that the CBP portion of the fusion protein may be bound with the chitin matrix, the peptide linker then undergoes auto-cleavage in a buffer solution at a pH value of about 5.5-7.5 to release the target protein. The chitin matrix may be regenerated with another buffer solution at a pH value of about 3-4, that is, to release the bound CBP and return to its unbound form. The chitin matrix may be reused for at least 6 times without losing its function.
US08236528B2	Method for methanol independent induction from methanol inducible promoters in Pichia A method for producing a polypeptide in a methylotrophic yeast host cell is described, where expression of the polypeptide is controlled by a methanol inducible promoter, including: i) expression of a positive regulator from a non-native promoter, the positive regulator activating transcription from the methanol inducible promoter, and ii) no addition of methanol.
US08236527B2	Recombinant production of authentic human proteins using human cell expression systems The present invention relates to novel expression cassettes and vectors for efficiently producing authentic recombinant human proteins from stable cultures of novel human cell lines, the authentic recombinant proteins produced therefrom, and antibodies raised against those authentic recombinant proteins.
US08236524B2	Modified microorganism To provide a microorganism with enhanced secretory production of a protein or polypeptide and a method of producing the protein or polypeptide using the microorganism. A modified microorganism that has been genetically modified to delete 60 to 80 carboxyl-terminal amino acids of SecA.
US08236518B2	Highly sensitive immunoassays and antibodies for detection of blood factor VIII Disclosed are antibodies that selectively bind to blood coagulation factor FVIII, and highly sensitive immunological assays comprising these antibodies. Preferred assays can detect FVIII at about 3500-fold below the normal physiological levels, and have a wide array of applications including accurate monitoring of FVIII concentration in pharmaceutical products for treatment of blood coagulation disorders, and determination of FVIII levels in plasma of human patients, including those with blood coagulation disorders such as hemophilia.
US08236516B2	Determining cholesterol directly on skin surface A process is provided for analyzing a specimen of biological material in any of a number of biochemical or immunological tests for an analyte which involves subjecting the specimen to treatment which develops a color correlating to the amount of analyte in the specimen. According to the invention at least one defined color characteristic selected from hue angle, chroma, saturation and lightness of the developed color is measured and the results of that measurement analyzed to determine the presence or concentration of the analyte in the specimen. Particular applications are to the detection of cancerous or pre-cancerous abnormalities from the analysis of lung mucus, throat mucus, cervical mucus or seminal fluid.
US08236512B1	Methods of developing terpene synthase variants The present disclosure relates to methods of developing terpene synthase variants through engineered host cells. Particularly, the disclosure provides methods of developing terpene synthase variants with improved in vivo performance that are useful in the commercial production of terpene products. Further encompassed in the present disclosure are superior terpene synthase variants and host cells comprising such terpene synthase variants.
US08236509B2	Method for preparing antibody monolayers which have controlled orientation using peptide hybrid The present invention relates to a method for preparing an protein monolayer using a peptide hybrid for protein immobilization, more precisely a peptide hybrid for protein immobilization which has improved solubility by introducing a PEG linker and a proper reaction group to the oligopeptide having specific affinity to selected types of proteins and is designed to provide enough space between solid substrates and proteins immobilized, whereby various solid substrates treated by the hybrid catch specific proteins effectively on. The peptide hybrid for protein immobilization of the present invention facilitates the control of orientation of an antibody on various solid surfaces and immobilization of various antibodies of different origins or having different isotypes with different affinity. Therefore, the surface treatment technique using the peptide hybrid of the invention can be effectively used for the production of various immunosensors and immune chips.
US08236508B2	Detecting and measuring live pathogens utilizing a mass detection device Extremely minute amounts of live pathogens are rapidly detected using a piezoelectric cantilever sensor. A single pathogen is detectable in about 30 minutes. Pathogen-specific antibodies are immobilized on the sensor surface. The sensor is exposed to a medium that potentially contains the target pathogen. When target pathogens are contained in the medium, both dead and live pathogen cells bind to the immobilized antibody on the sensor surface. The attached target pathogen cells are exposed to a pathogen discriminator capable of discriminating between live cells and dead cells by increasing the mass of live cells. Example pathogens include Escherichia coli, Listeri monocytogene, and Salmonella enteritidis. Example antibodies include those that bind to the pathogenic bacteria designated as ATCC 43251, ATCC 700375, and ATCC 31194. Example pathogen discriminators include intracellular pH indicating molecules.
US08236506B2	Method for the in vitro diagnosis of bronchopulmonary carcinoma by detection of major alternative transcripts of the KLK8 gene encoding kallikrein 8 and use thereof for prognosticating survival The present invention relates to a method for the in vitro diagnosis of bronchopulmonary carcinoma, in particular of non-small cell bronchial carcinoma, characterized in that it comprises the stage of detecting, in a biological sample derived from a patient suspected to be suffering from said bronchopulmonary carcinoma, at least one of the major alternative transcripts of the KLK8 gene encoding kallikrein 8. This method is particularly useful for the survival prognostication of patients suffering from bronchopulmonary carcinoma.
US08236504B2	Systems and methods for fluorescence detection with a movable detection module A fluorescence detection apparatus for analyzing samples located in a plurality of wells in a thermal cycler and methods of use are provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a support structure attachable to the thermal cycler and a detection module movably mountable on the support structure. The detection module includes one or more channels, each having an excitation light generator and an emission light detector both disposed within the detection module. When the support structure is attached to the thermal cycler and the detection module is mounted on the support structure, the detection module is movable so as to be positioned in optical communication with different ones of the plurality of wells. The detection module is removable from the support structure to allow easy replacement.
US08236501B2	Apparatus, system and method for purifying nucleic acids Methods and devices for isolating nucleic acids from a mixture containing such nucleic acids and extraneous matter are provided. In one embodiment, the method of the invention comprises passing the mixture through a glass frit under conditions effective to separate the nucleic acids from the extraneous matter. In a more specific embodiment, the glass frit is a sintered glass fit.
US08236500B2	Promoter variants of the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor The present invention is directed to methods and compositions related to α7 acetylcholine nicotinic receptor genes, in particular, the human α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene. The human α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene is associated with the pathophysiological aspects of the disease schizophrenia. The present invention further provides methods and compositions to screen populations for abnormal α7 alleles, as well as methods and compositions for development of therapeutics.
US08236499B2	Methods and compositions for nucleic acid sample preparation Provided are methods and compositions for the production of linear single-stranded nucleic acids, which can be used as templates in high-throughput sequencing systems. Also provided are methods and compositions for the production of closed single-stranded nucleic acid loops, which can be used as templates in high-throughput sequencing systems.
US08236497B2	Methods of diagnosing cardiovascular disease Methods are disclosed for diagnosing increased risk of cardiovascular disease in a subject.
US08236487B2	Tumor specific oligosaccharide sequences and use thereof The present invention describes oligosaccharide sequences, which are specifically expressed by human tumors. The present invention is related to a method of determining an oligosaccharide sequence, which comprises a tumor specific terminal N-acetylglucosamine residue, in a biological sample, the presence of said sequence in said sample being an indication of the presence of cancer. The present invention provides antigenic substances comprising said oligosaccharide sequences in a polyvalent form and it further provides diagnostic agents, pharmaceutical compositions and cancer vaccines comprising said oligosaccharide sequences or substances binding to said oligosaccharide sequences. The present invention is also related to methods for the treatment of cancer.
US08236479B2	Method for printing a pattern on a substrate A pattern of ink is printed on a substrate, such as corrugated paperboard with a relief printing form made from a photosensitive element. An in-situ mask is formed for the photosensitive element, the element is exposed to actinic radiation through the in-situ mask in an environment having an inert gas and a concentration of oxygen between 190,000 and 100 ppm, and the exposed element is treated to form the relief printing form having a pattern of printing areas. Printing is accomplished by securing the relief printing form to a print press, applying the ink to the printing areas on the printing form, and contacting the ink from the printing areas to the substrate to transfer the pattern of ink onto the substrate.
US08236477B2	Positive resist composition and method of forming resist pattern A positive resist composition including a base component (A) which exhibits increased solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid and an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, the base component (A) including a polymeric compound (A1) containing a structural unit (a0) represented by general formula (a0-1), a structural unit (a1) derived from an acrylate ester containing an acid dissociable, dissolution inhibiting group, and a structural unit (a3) derived from an acrylate ester containing a hydroxy group-containing aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by general formula (a3-1), and the amount of the structural unit (a3) based on the combined total of all structural units constituting the polymeric compound (A1) being in the range of 1 to 30 mol %.
US08236472B2	Image forming method Provided is a method for forming an image with a set of electrostatic charge image developing toners using a digital electrophotographic method, provided that the set of electrostatic charge image developing toners comprises a black toner and a light gray toner, the method comprising the steps of: forming an electrostatic latent image on an image support; developing the electrostatic latent image with the black toner to form a black toner image; developing the electrostatic latent image with the light gray toner to form a light gray toner image; and fixing the black toner image and the light gray toner image, wherein the black toner and the light gray toner each independently contains a wax having an endothermic peak in the range of 60 to 105° C.; and the light gray toner has a transmittance in the range of 40 to 90%.
US08236470B2	Toner A toner containing a resin binder and a colorant, wherein the resin binder contains a polyester (A) having a softening point Tm(A) of from 100° to 160° C., and a polyester (B) having a softening point Tm(B) of from 80° to 120° C., the softening point of which is lower than that of the polyester (A) by 5° C. or more, each polyester obtained by polycondensing an alcohol component and a carboxylic acid component, wherein the polyester (A) and/or (B) is a polyester obtained by polycondensing an alcohol component consisting essentially of an aliphatic alcohol, wherein the alcohol component contains a dihydric alcohol component containing 1,2-propanediol in an amount of 65% by mol or more, and a carboxylic acid component. The toner of the present invention is usable in the development or the like of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method, or the like.
US08236468B2	Organic photoreceptor, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge In the present invention, an objective is to provide an organic photoreceptor exhibiting extremely high moire resistance, but also to provide an organic photoreceptor capable of acquiring a high quality image to realize no generation of image defects such as black spots or the like. Also disclosed is an organic photoreceptor possessing a conductive support and layered thereon, an intermediate layer, a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer in this order, wherein the intermediate layer possesses porous silica in which metal oxide is encapsulated.
US08236467B2	Exposure method, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method An exposure method comprises: forming an immersion region on a substrate; exposing the substrate by irradiating the substrate with an exposure light via a liquid of the immersion region; and preventing an integration value of a contact time during which the liquid of the immersion region and a first region on the substrate are in contact, from exceeding a predetermined tolerance value.
US08236466B2	Photochromic materials incorporated in polymer backbone Exemplary embodiments provide compositions and methods for making and using an erasable medium that can include a photochromic layer disposed over a substrate. The photochromic layer can include one or more photochromic molecule-polymer systems, wherein each of the one or more photochromic molecule-polymer systems can include a photochromic molecule covalently bonded within a polymer main chain, the photochromic molecule including one or more photochromic moieties (PM) linked together via a linker.
US08236464B1	Method for fabricating a mask A method for making a mask, in which, an imprinting lithography process is employed to form a pattern in a first region of a mask substrate, and an E-beam writing process is employed to form another pattern in a second region of the mask substrate. Furthermore, these two patterns may be well stitched through an optical alignment process in an E-beam writing chamber.
US08236460B2	Fuel cell system A fuel cell system includes: an AC impedance measuring unit which measures an AC impedance of a fuel cell at a scavenging start and measures an AC impedance of the fuel cell when a predetermined time has elapsed from the scavenging start; a scavenging execution time estimation unit which estimates a scavenging execution time based on the AC impedance measured at the scavenging start, the AC impedance measured at the time when the predetermined time has elapsed from the scavenging start and the predetermined time; and a limit unit which limits the scavenging execution time to a predetermined maximum scavenging time if the scavenging execution time exceeds the maximum scavenging time.
US08236459B2	Hybrid type power supplying apparatus Disclosed is a hybrid-type power supplying apparatus which may use a fuel cell device as a main power supplier for a robot and a rechargeable battery as an auxiliary power supplier for the robot. In the hybrid-type power supplying apparatus, when the power consumption of the robot exceeds the selected amount of power generation of the fuel cell device, the loads of the rechargeable battery and the fuel cell stack can be managed in such a manner that power is supplied from the rechargeable battery to the robot as an auxiliary power for the robot supplementing the main power for the robot.
US08236457B2	Electronics cabinet with waste water management system for backup power fuel cell A waste water management system for a fuel cell cabinet is provided. The waste water management system includes a sealed device that collects and manages the flow of the water from a fuel cell. The sealed device manages a flow of the water from the fuel cell to one of a container and an exterior of the fuel cell cabinet.
US08236456B2	Bidirectional water separator A flow shifting fuel cell with water separator. The water separator is used to control the amount of moisture that passes through the anode flowpath of one or more fuel cells in one or more fuel cell stacks. The water separator is made up of a housing to direct the flow of a moisture-bearing fluid as well as act as a collection and container for separated moisture. Fluid that is cyclically passing through the fuel cell stack as part of its flow shifting mode of operation oscillates back and forth across a separation chamber formed within the water separator, thereby allowing bidirectional control of the moisture content within the fluid. A drain is formed in the separation chamber to allow removal of condensed water.
US08236455B2	Method for operating a direct oxidation fuel cell and corresponding arrangement The invention relates to a method for operating a direct oxidation fuel cell in which the fuel cell is supplied generally with methanol via a transport device for the fuel. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding arrangement comprising a direct oxidation fuel cell, a fuel reservoir and at least one device for transporting the fuel through the fuel cell.
US08236453B2	Carbon-coated Li-containing powders and process for production thereof The invention provides a new route for the synthesis of carbon-coated powders having the olivine or NASICON structure, which form promising classes of active products for the manufacture of rechargeable lithium batteries. Carbon-coating of the powder particles is necessary to achieve good performances because of the rather poor electronic conductivity of said structures. For the preparation of coated LiFePO4, sources of Li, Fe and phosphate are dissolved in an aqueous solution together with a polycarboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol. Upon water evaporation, polyesterification occurs while a mixed precipitate is formed containing Li, Fe and phosphate. The resin-encapsulated mixture is then heat treated at 700° C. in a reducing atmosphere. This results in the production of a fine powder consisting of an olivine LiFePO4, phase, coated with conductive carbon. When this powder is used as active material in a lithium insertion-type electrode, fast charge and discharge rates are obtained at room temperature and an excellent capacity retention is observed.
US08236450B2	Lithium insertion electrode materials based on orthosilicates derivatives A lithium insertion-type positive electrode material based on an orthosilicate structure and electrical generators and variable optical transmission devices of this material are provided.
US08236444B2	Electrochemical cell having low volume collector assembly A low volume collector assembly and an electrochemical cell employing a collector assembly are provided. The electrochemical cell includes an electrically conductive can having inner and outer electrodes disposed therein. The cell also includes a collector assembly assembled to an open end of the can to provide closure to the open end of the can. The collector assembly includes a seal and a cover assembled to the seal to provide a sealed closure to the open end of the can. The cover includes an integrally formed current collector portion that contacts one end of the inner electrode. The cover serves as a current collector and also serves as a contact terminal of the cell.
US08236441B2	Battery cell design and methods of its construction In some embodiments, a battery cell can include an assembly having an anode sheet and a cathode sheet separated by separator membranes, each sheet having an electroactive layer on a current collector. At least one of the current collectors can be in electrical communication with conducting tabs that extend from at least one of the anode sheet and the cathode sheet, the conducting tabs extends from an end face of the spirally wound assembly. In addition, the cell can include a first tab insulator having concentrically positioned outer and inner members, each of the outer and inner members having at least one slot that allows one or more of the plurality of conducting tabs to pass through. The inner and outer members are adjustable with respect to relative angular orientation of the at least one slot on the outer and inner members of the first tab insulator.
US08236440B2	Partial flow cell A partial flow cell may include a cathode chamber, an anode chamber, and a separator arrangement sandwiched between the cathode and anode chambers. The separator arrangement may be configured to permit ionic flow between electroactive materials disposed within the cathode and anode chambers. One of the cathode and anode chambers may be configured to permit an electroactive material to flow through the chamber during operation. The other of the cathode and anode chambers may be configured to hold an electroactive material fixed within the chamber during operation.
US08236439B2	Rechargeable battery A rechargeable battery according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode assembly, a case containing the electrode assembly, and a cap assembly. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator between the first and second electrodes. The cap assembly is coupled to the case. The cap assembly includes a tab that is electrically connected to the first electrode and a deformable plate that is electrically connected to the second electrode. The deformable plate also includes a notch that is opened due to an increase of pressure. The deformable plate deforms as a result of increased pressure and electrically contacts the first tab, short circuiting the rechargeable battery.
US08236432B2	Wetting resistant materials and articles made therewith Ceramic materials with relatively high resistance to wetting by various liquids, such as water, are presented, along with articles made with these materials, methods for making these articles and materials, and methods for protecting articles using coatings made from these materials. One particular embodiment is an article that comprises a coating having a surface connected porosity content of up to about 5 percent by volume. The coating comprises a material that comprises a primary oxide and a secondary oxide, wherein (i) the primary oxide comprises a cerium cation, and (ii) the secondary oxide comprises a cation selected from the group consisting of the praseodymium and neodymium. The material is transparent to electromagnetic radiation of at least one type selected from the group consisting of ultraviolet radiation, visible light, and infrared radiation.
US08236429B2	Adhesive compositions Polydiorganosiloxane polyoxamide, linear, block copolymers and methods of making the copolymers are provided. The method of making the copolymers involves reacting a diamine with a polydiorganosiloxane precursor having oxalylamino groups. The polydioroganosiloxane polyoxamide block copolymers are of the (AB)n type.
US08236427B2	Moistureproof cellulose ester film, polarizer-protective film, and polarizer A moistureproof cellulose ester film which has satisfactory optical performances, excellent moisture permeability, and excellent dimensional stability; and a protective film for polarizers which comprises the film. This moistureproof cellulose ester film comprises: a cellulose ester film and, deposited on at least one side thereof in the following order, one or more adhesion layers each having a carbon content in terms of atom number concentration of 1-40% and comprising an inorganic compound as the main component, one or more barrier layers each having a carbon content in terms of atom number concentration of 0.1% or lower, comprising silicon oxide as the main component, and having a film density of 2.16-2.60, and one or more protective layers each having a carbon content in terms of atom number concentration of 1-40% and comprising an inorganic compound as the main component. The total thickness of these deposit layers on one side is 1-100 nm. It is characterized in that the barrier layers on one side have a thickness of 0.1-30 nm.
US08236423B2	Method for the modification of the surface of shaped parts made of plastic by fluorine-initialized oxidation The invention relates to a method for the modification of the surface of shaped parts made of plastic by treatment with a gas mixture which comprises fluorine and oxygen. The surface tension of the modified surface of the shaped part is more than 25 mN/m greater than that of a surface comprising non-modified plastic material. The ratio of the partial pressure of fluorine to the partial pressure of oxygen is 1:10 or lower and the shaped part has a fluorine occupancy of less than 0.5 μg/cm2 as a result of the treatment.
US08236422B2	Diazonium functionalized nanoparticles and methods for binding nanoparticles to metallic surfaces In one embodiment, a functionalized particle includes a n inorganic particle with diazonium functional group attached. In some embodiments, the largest dimension of the inorganic particle ranges between about 10 nm and 1000 μm. In another embodiment, a substrate with a hydrophobic surface includes a substrate, and a first plurality of inorganic particles with at least one diazonium functional group attached to the substrate. The largest dimension of the first plurality of inorganic particles ranges between about 10 nm and 1000 μm. One embodiment includes a second plurality of particles with at least one phenol functional group attached to the inorganic particle. In a further embodiment, a fluorinated functional group is attached to the second plurality of particles. In some embodiments, the material has a hydrophobic surface with a water contact angle greater than about 150°.
US08236420B2	Ferromagnetic powder composition and method for its production A ferromagnetic powder composition is described comprising soft magnetic iron-based core particles, wherein the surface of the core particles is provided with a first inorganic insulating layer and at least one metal-organic layer, located outside the first layer, of a metal-organic compound having the following general formula: (R1[(R1)x(R2)y(MOn-1)]nR1, wherein M is a central atom selected from Si, Ti, Al, or Zr; O is oxygen; R1 is a hydrolysable group; R2 is an organic moiety and wherein at least one R2 contains at least one amino group; wherein n is the number of repeatable units being an integer between 1 and 20; wherein the x is an integer between 0 and 1; wherein y is an integer between 1 and 2; wherein a metallic or semi-metallic particulate compound having a Mohs hardness of less than 3.5 is adhered to at least one metal-organic layer; and wherein the powder composition further comprises a particulate lubricant. A process is additionally provided for producing the composition and a method for the manufacturing of soft magnetic composite components prepared from the composition, as well as the obtained component.
US08236419B2	Amorphous silicon-containing material with hierarchical and organized porosity Material with hierarchical porosity consisting of at least two elementary spherical particles, each one of said particles comprising a matrix based on silicon oxide, mesostructured, having a mesopore diameter ranging between 1.5 and 30 nm and exhibiting amorphous and microporous walls of thickness ranging between 1.5 and 50 nm, said elementary spherical particles having a maximum diameter of 200 microns. The matrix based on silicon oxide can contain aluminium. The preparation of said material is also described.
US08236416B2	Adhesive sheet and process for producing electric components using the sheet An adhesive sheet and a method for producing electronic components using the sheet are provided.An adhesive sheet comprising a substrate layer; an antistatic layer formed on one surface of the substrate layer and containing an organic binder, an antistatic agent, an antifriction agent and a curing agent; and an adhesive layer formed on the other surface of the substrate layer; and a method for producing electronic components using the adhesive sheet.
US08236414B2	Refractory ceramic material having a high solidus temperature, its manufacturing process and structural part incorporating said material A refractory ceramic material possessing a solidus temperature between 2500° C. and 2800° C., having a compactness greater than 85%, and a microstructure such that the material is composite of: (a) hafnium dioxide HfO2 grains having a monoclinic structure (1); (b) hafnium dioxide HfO2 grains having a cubic structure (2) which is stabilized by yttrium oxide Y2O3, the yttrium oxide Y2O3 representing 0.5 mol % to 8 mol % relative to the total number of moles of hafnium dioxide HfO2; (c) closed pores (3); (d) non-interconnected open pores. The process of manufacturing the material and a structural part incorporating the material are also set forth.
US08236410B2	Reinforcing fiber base material for preforms, process for the production of laminates thereof, and so on The invention provides (1) a reinforcing fiber base material having a weave constituted of both reinforcing fiber filaments arranged in one direction in parallel with each other and auxiliary yarns arranged in another direction, which satisfies the relationship: L=H/cos θ (wherein L is the length of auxiliary yarn covering one reinforcing fiber filament and H is the width of the filament as determined in such a state where the reinforcing fiber filaments are unified only with the auxiliary yarns; and 3°≦θ (in-plane shear strain)≦30°) and wherein 2 g/m2 to 40 g/m2 of an adhesive resin having a glass transition temperature between 0° C. and 95° C. is adhesed to at least one side thereof in spots, lines, or discontinuous lines; (2) a laminate obtained by laminating layers of the above reinforcing fiber base material, wherein the adhesive resin adhesed to each layer of base material partially bonds to a facing layer of base material over the whole surface thereof, with the maximum length of each bonding joint being not less than 1 mm and not more than the width H of a reinforcing fiber filament; and (3) a preform, obtained by shaping the laminate, having a reinforcing fiber volume fraction (Vpf) of 45% to 62%.
US08236409B2	Gussets for strengthening CMC fillet radii A ceramic matrix composite (CMC) structure (50) with first (26) and second (28) CMC walls joined at an intersection (34) containing continuous fibers (53). A gusset (52) is formed in the intersection by an inward bending of some or all ceramic fibers (53) of the intersection, resulting in a diagonal brace between the first and second CMC walls. This creates a depression (54) or void (59) in the intersection. One or more ceramic reinforcement devices fill or span the depression to prevent distortion of the gusset. The reinforcement devices may include a ceramic filler (60) or core (61), a CMC rod or cord (56), and a CMC tape (62). The ceramic filler (60) may be continuous with a ceramic insulation layer (36) on an outer surface of the first CMC wall.
US08236407B2	Process and apparatus for fabricating precise microstructures and polymeric molds for making same There is disclosed a method and apparatus for producing a polymeric film that accurately replicates a complex mold surface at least a portion of which surface has microstructured or nano-structured dimensions. A polymeric powder is electrodeposited on an underlying mold surface. Then the powder is cured to create a polymeric film. Finally the film is removed from the mold surface.
US08236402B1	Dual trapezoidally-shaped urinal collecting pad An inexpensive and disposable urine collecting pad for placement on a floor surface directly below a urinal for collecting fluid not deposited within the confines of the urinal which would otherwise drip on the floor. Fluid collected by the pad is prevented from reaching the underlying floor area thereby eliminating the problems associated with fluids being deposited on the floor. The pad includes an upper fluid collecting layer of material and a lower non-skid fluid impervious layer of material that are glued together. The configuration of the pad includes a dual end, each end having a trapezoidal shape with flat parallel ends and tapered sides so that the urine collecting pad cannot be improperly aligned during installation. The trapezoidal and tapered side edges allow a person to stand in front of the urinal without the person's shoes standing on the collecting pad.
US08236401B2	Vacuum insulator The vacuum insulator includes an internal structure; a filler for filling empty spaces of the internal structure; and an envelope having an upper envelope composed of a metal layer and a polymer layer formed on the metal layer to surround an upper surface of the internal structure, and a lower envelope composed of a metal layer and a polymer layer formed on the metal layer to surround a lower surface of the internal structure, wherein the metal layer of the upper envelope and the metal layer of the lower envelope being opposite to each other, wherein at an area facing the internal structure in an end of the envelope, the upper envelope and the lower envelope are adhered by a heat adhesion part, and at an area opposite to the internal structure in the end of the envelope, the upper envelope and the lower envelope are adhered by polyurethane.
US08236398B2	Cup-type polypropylene container and method of molding the same A cup-type polypropylene container obtained by compression-molding a polypropylene and having at least a body portion and a bottom portion, wherein the body portion has a thickness of not larger than 1.0 mm and a value K1 relating to peak intensity ratio and/or a value K2 relating to diffraction intensity ratio as defined herein. The cup-type polypropylene container features improved falling strength in the body portion and at the open end such as flange, improved pressure strength and excellent mechanical strength in the body portion. Also disclosed is a method of molding the cup-type polypropylene container.
US08236396B2	Intermediate transfer member, manufacturing apparatus of intermediate transfer member, manufacturing method of intermediate transfer member and image forming apparatus An intermediate transfer member which holds a toner image transferred from a first toner image carrier and secondarily transfers the toner image to a surface of an image forming material, wherein the intermediate transfer member comprises a substrate having thereon at least a hard carbon-containing layer.
US08236395B2	Inkjet recording medium The inkjet recording medium herein provided has at least: a support; and an ink-receiving layer provided on the support, the ink-receiving layer comprising inorganic fine particles, two polyvinyl alcohols having a degree of saponification different from each other, and a low molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol having an average degree of polymerization of 2000 or less.
US08236386B2	Nanowire and microwire fabrication technique and product A method of fabricating nanowires or microwires employs a robust conductive surface whose edges define electrodes for promoting electrochemical deposition of nanowire material at those edges. Controlled deposition times and thin conductive layers allow extremely small diameter wires to be created and then removed without destruction of the pattern and the wires to be applied to a second substrate or used for composite materials.
US08236383B2	Abrasion resistant plastic glazing with in-mold coating This invention relates to plastic glazing assemblies for vehicle tops, windows, headlamps, and taillights, as well as residential and commercial glazing, aircraft glazing, and sunglasses. More specifically, a method of manufacturing a plastic glazing assembly exhibiting a high level of weatherability and abrasion resistance is disclosed which integrates the in-mold application of a coating and the subsequent deposition of an abrasion resistant layer to a molded plastic part.
US08236372B2	Methods of forming capacitors having dielectric regions that include multiple metal oxide-comprising materials Capacitors and methods of forming capacitors are disclosed, and which include an inner conductive metal capacitor electrode and an outer conductive metal capacitor electrode. A capacitor dielectric region is received between the inner and the outer conductive metal capacitor electrodes and has a thickness no greater than 150 Angstroms. Various combinations of materials of thicknesses and relationships relative one another are disclosed which enables and results in the dielectric region having a dielectric constant k of at least 35 yet leakage current no greater than 1×10−7 amps/cm2 at from −1.1V to +1.1V.
US08236371B2	Method of manufacturing electrophoretic display device, electrophoretic display device and electronic device A method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display device is provided. The method comprises: preparing a plate-shaped first electrode provided on a first base portion, and the first electrode having a surface; preparing plate-shaped second electrodes provided on a second base portion; forming a first binder layer on the surface of the first electrode; supplying a plurality of microcapsules on the first binder layer, the plurality of microcapsules each having an internal space, the internal space filled with an electrophoretic dispersion liquid, the electrophoretic dispersion liquid containing electrophoretic particles having different colors, and the plurality of microcapsules including properly-sized microcapsules and improperly-sized microcapsules; fixing the properly-sized microcapsules to the surface of the first electrode through the first binder layer to obtain an electrophoretic display sheet; removing the improperly-sized microcapsules which are not brought into contact with the first binder layer from the electrophoretic display sheet; forming a second binder layer on the first binder layer so as to cover the properly-sized microcapsules; and providing the second electrodes on the second binder layer to obtain the electrophoretic display device. The method is capable of efficiently manufacturing the electrophoretic display device having high display performance by arranging microcapsules on electrodes so that the microcapsules are not overlapped with each other. Further, an electrophoretic display device and an electronic device are also provided.
US08236367B2	Method of chemically modifying polymer surfaces intended for immobilizing molecules The method comprises chemical modification of an optionally metallized polymer surface, for example a polycarbonate surface or a polymethacryllate surface functionalized with amino groups, said surfaces being optionally metallized, by treating said polymer surface with a mercaptoalkanoic acid or the salts or derivates thereof. The surfaces obtained by said method may be used as solid supports for immobilizing biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins or membranes.
US08236366B2	Flavorful waterless coffee Traditionally, coffee would be prepared in one of the four basic recipes; black, with sugar, with cream, or with both sugar and cream to be enjoyed as a beverage drink. It is the object of this invention to bring coffee consumption to a new solid foundation so that one can have his/her coffee and eat it too in a delicious and chewy recipe that contains all the ingredients and flavorings that coffee drinkers love but without the hot water.
US08236362B2	Heat-stable concentrated milk product The invention provides a stable concentrated dairy liquid, such as concentrated milk, with improved flavor, color, and mouthfeel, and a method of production thereof. The method utilizes specific thermal treatments to produce the stable concentrated dairy liquid to which a stabilizer and mouthfeel enhancer are added. The resulting products have a sterilization value Fo of at least 5 that is also resistant to gelling and browning during high temperature sterilization and is also resistant to gelling and browning during storage for greater than six months. The method balances such thermal treatments with addition of stabilizer and enhancer to achieve the desired flavor/mouthfeel and sterilization and to achieve reduced level of soluble protein in the concentrated milk prior to concentration to resist gelation and minimize browning. Moreover, such processing may be utilized in a milk that is concentrated to a factor of 2.7 fold or higher and contains at least 8.5 percent protein.
US08236361B2	Method for producing fermented milk and fermented milk Disclosed is a method for producing fermented milk by promoting fermentation without adding any fermentation-promoting substance and novel fermented milk with a thick and smooth mouth feel and a mild flavor. The method enhances fermentation efficiency by reducing the dissolved oxygen in a mix of raw materials for fermented milk at the start of fermentation through substitution with inert gases.
US08236357B2	Mild composition for skin disinfection The present invention discloses compositions for aqueous skin disinfection comprising hydrogen peroxide in a concentration of at least 0.1% to 10% (w/w), preferably 0.2-6%, and an N-acylated amino acid and/or peptide in the range of 0.1-20% (w/w), preferably 0.1-10%, more preferably 0.2-8%, and most preferably 0.2-5% (w/w). The N-acylated amino acid composition may be N-acylated glutamic acid and/or an N-acylated wheat protein hydrolysate, or a salt thereof.
US08236355B2	COX-2 inhibitor The present invention relates to an agent having COX-2 inhibition activity. In particular the present invention relates to a COX-2 inhibitor separated from a mixture of denatured plasma and at least one metal, metal ion or metal salt thereof.
US08236354B1	Use of immunomodulators for the treatment of cancer A method for treating a cancer, by determining a patient to have an ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) score of 0 or 1 and selecting that patient for treatment, and administering to the patient an effective amount of an immunomodulating composition comprising small molecular weight components of less than 3000 daltons, and having the following properties: (i) is extracted from bile of animals; (ii) is capable of stimulating monocytes and/or macrophages; (iii) is capable of modulating tumor necrosis factor production and/or release; (iv) contains no measurable level of IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-4, GM-CSF or IFN-γ; (v) is not cytotoxic to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells; and (vi) is not an endotoxin.
US08236352B2	Glipizide compositions The present invention is directed to nanoparticulate compositions comprising glipizide. The glipizide particles of the composition preferably have an effective average particle size of less than about 2 microns.
US08236349B2	Taste-masked drugs in rupturing multiparticulates A pharmaceutical composition comprises multiparticulates comprising a drug, a matrix material, and swelling agent. In one aspect, the multiparticulates comprise a core comprising a drug, and a coating surrounding the core. The coating is selected from the group consisting of (i) a water-permeable, substantially drug-impermeable coating, and (ii) an anti-enteric coating.
US08236345B2	Composition and use A pharmaceutical composition, comprising a thiazolidinedione, such as Compound (I), metformin hydrochloride and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the thiazolidinedione and metformin hydrochloride are each dispersed within its own pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in the pharmaceutical composition and the use of such a composition in medicine.
US08236344B2	Engineered proteins, and methods of making and using The present invention provides engineered proteins and biomedical products made from the engineered proteins. The biomedical products include lenses useful for ophthalmic purposes.
US08236337B2	Anti-microbial orthodontic compositions and appliances and methods of production and use thereof The presently disclosed and claimed invention is directed to anti-microbial orthodontic apparatus and anti-microbial orthodontic compositions comprising an effective amount of a selenium compound, kits containing same, and methods of producing and using said anti-microbial orthodontic apparatus and anti-microbial orthodontic compositions.
US08236336B2	Adjuvant composition for use with herbicides, pesticides, insecticides, ovicides and fungicides and method of application An adjuvant for use with systemic herbicides, pesticides, insecticides, ovicides and fungicides and method of application on animals, birds, trees, plants, fruits and vegetables to enhance the action and effect of systemic herbicides, pesticides, insecticides, ovicides and fungicides with which the adjuvant is combined wherein the adjuvant comprises at least one surfactant and at least one high terpene containing natural oil.
US08236333B2	Active agent delivery and/or odor retentive composition and methods of use thereof An active agent delivery and/or odor retentive composition including a surfactant and wax spheres formed from at least one of beeswax and soy wax and methods of use thereof. The composition is particularly useful in the cosmetics and medical industry for delivering/carrying a particular ingredient to one's skin, scalp or hair; for absorbing odor causing materials, such as fuel byproducts from a skin surface; and/or for providing exfoliating properties to the skin. The delivery system/carrying system is also useful in binding to certain nutritional materials, such as vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and the like for ingestion and release into the body.
US08236330B2	Cancer cell targeting using nanoparticles The present invention generally relates to polymers and macromolecules, in particular, to polymers useful in particles such as nanoparticles. One aspect of the invention is directed to a method of developing nanoparticles with desired properties. In one set of embodiments, the method includes producing libraries of nanoparticles having highly controlled properties, which can be formed by mixing together two or more macromolecules in different ratios. One or more of the macromolecules may be a polymeric conjugate of a moiety to a biocompatible polymer. In some cases, the nanoparticle may contain a drug. Other aspects of the invention are directed to methods using nanoparticle libraries.
US08236326B2	Klebsiella antigens The present invention relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules which encode an antigen, a vector which comprises such nucleic acid molecule, and a host cell comprising such vector. Furthermore, the invention provides antigens from a Klebsiella species, as well as fragments and variants thereof, a process for producing such antigens, and a process for producing a cell, which expresses such antigen. Moreover, the present invention provides antibodies binding to such antigen, a hybridoma cell producing such antibodies, methods for producing such antibodies, a pharmaceutical composition comprising such nucleic acid molecule, antigen, vector or antibody, the use of such nucleic acid molecule, antigen, vector or antibody for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition, methods for identifying an antagonist capable of binding such antigen or of reducing or inhibiting the interaction activity of such antigen, methods for diagnosing an infection and methods for the treatment or prevention of an infection. More specifically such antigens are produced by or associated with bacterial pathogens causing nosocomial infections or bacterial infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae.
US08236325B2	S. epidermidis antigens Hyperimmune serum reactive antigens and fragments thereof are disclosed. In addition, methods for isolating such antigens and specific uses thereof, including the treatment of S. epidermidis infections, are disclosed.
US08236318B2	Antibodies that bind human dendritic and epithelial cell 205 (DEC-205) Isolated monoclonal antibodies which bind to human DEC-205 and related antibody-based compositions and molecules are disclosed. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the antibodies, as well as therapeutic and diagnostic methods for using the antibodies.
US08236316B2	Anti-factor XI monoclonal antibodies and methods of use thereof The present invention relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting thrombosis without compromising hemostasis. Compositions include anti-factor XI monoclonal antibodies (aXIMabs) capable of binding to an epitope on the heavy chain of human FXI, particularly the A3 domain of the heavy chain of human FXI. Compositions also include epitope-binding fragments, variants, and derivatives of the monoclonal antibodies, cell lines producing these antibody compositions, and isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding the amino acid sequences of the antibodies. The invention further includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising the anti-factor XI monoclonal antibodies of the invention, or epitope-binding fragments, variants, or derivatives thereof, in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Methods of the invention comprise administering the compositions described above to a subject in need thereof for the purpose of inhibiting thrombosis, reducing a required dose of an antithrombotic agent in the treatment of thrombosis, treating metastatic cancer, or treating an acute inflammatory reaction. Methods for making an anti-factor XI monoclonal antibody, or epitope-binding fragments, variants, or derivatives thereof, are also provided.
US08236314B2	Agonist antibody to human thrombopoietin receptor This invention provides an agonist antibody to a human thrombopoietin receptor (human c-Mpl), and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same for use in treatment of thrombocytopenia. The disclosed agonist antibody comprises (1) antibody constant regions comprising heavy and light chain constant regions, each of which may optionally contain domain substitutions, or may contain deletions, substitutions, additions, or insertions of amino acid residues, and (2) antibody variable regions capable of binding to and activating a human thrombopoietin receptor. The-agonist antibody further induces colony formation at a concentration of 10,000 ng/ml or lower, and has a maximal activity at least 50% higher than that of PEG-rHuMGDF and an 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 100 nM or less.
US08236308B2	Composition comprising cross-species-specific antibodies and uses thereof The present invention relates to uses of bispecific antibodies exhibiting cross-species specificity for evaluating the in vivo safety and/or activity and/or pharmacokinetic profile of the same in non-human species and humans. The present invention moreover relates to methods for evaluating the in vivo safety and/or activity and/or pharmacokinetic profile of said bispecific anti-bodies exhibiting cross-species specificity. The present invention also relates to methods of measuring the biological activity and/or efficacy of such bispecific antibodies exhibiting cross-species specificity. In addition, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising bispecific single chain antibodies exhibiting cross-species specificity and to methods for the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions comprising said bispecific single chain antibodies exhibiting cross-species specificity for the treatment of diseases.
US08236302B2	Compositions and methods of using chondroitinase ABCI mutants One aspect of the present invention relates to mutants of chondroitinase ABCI. Such chondroitinase ABCI mutants exhibit altered chondroitin lyase activity or increased resistance to inactivation from stressors including exposure to UV light or heat. Methods of using chondroitinase ABCI mutant enzymes are also provided.
US08236300B2	In vivo and ex vivo gene transfer into renal tissue using gutless adenovirus vectors A method for treating a renal disease in a subject is disclosed. The method includes administering into a kidney of the subject with an effective amount of a gutless adenoviral vector containing a polynucleotide encoding a therapeutic agent. The gutless adenoviral vector contains the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:13 or SEQ ID NO:15 and expresses the therapeutic agent in a kidney tissue of the subject.
US08236282B2	Benzothiazole derivative compounds, compositions and uses This invention provides benzothiazole derivative compounds, compositions comprising such compounds, methods of preparing such compounds, and methods of using such compounds for detecting amyloid deposit(s) and for diagnosing a disease, disorder or condition characterized by amyloid deposit(s).
US08236281B1	Pharmaceutical composition of nanoparticles The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition of nanoparticles, wherein the nanoparticles comprise positively charged chitosan, a negatively charged substrate, optionally a zero-charge compound, and at least one bioactive agent for treating diabetes of an animal subject.
US08236279B2	Bisaminoethanethiol-targeting ligand conjugates and compositions The invention provides, in a general sense, a new labeling strategy employing 99mTc chelated with ethylenedicysteine (EC). EC is conjugated with a variety of ligands and chelated to 99mTc for use as an imaging agent for tissue-specific diseases. The drug conjugates of the invention may also be used as a prognostic tool or as a tool to deliver therapeutics to specific sites within a mammalian body. Kits for use in tissue-specific disease imaging are also provided.
US08236277B2	Process for producing nanoparticles A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one base and (2) at least one metal carboxylate salt comprising (i) a metal cation selected from metal cations that form amphoteric metal oxides or oxyhydroxides and (ii) a carboxylate anion comprising from one to four alkyleneoxy moieties, or metal carboxylate salt precursors comprising (i) at least one metal salt comprising the metal cation and a non-interfering anion and (ii) at least one carboxylic acid comprising from one to four alkyleneoxy moieties, at least one salt of the carboxylic acid and a non-interfering, non-metal cation, or a mixture thereof; and (b) allowing the base and the metal carboxylate salt or metal carboxylate salt precursors to react.
US08236274B2	Carbon black, method of producing carbon black, and device for implementing the method The invention relates to a carbon black having an aggregate size distribution which has a (d90-d10)/d50 ratio of less than or equal to 1.1. The carbon blacks are produced by admixing hot air if desired to a gas mixture comprising a carrier gas and a carbon black feedstock, passing the gas mixture into a burner pipe, burning the gas mixture at the burner pipe openings, and drawing the flames under suction, together with the ambient air drawn in freely under suction from the outside, through a cooled, narrowing gap, and carrying out cooling, the cooled, narrowing gap having a height (h) to width (b) ratio of 1-100, the width (b) being 0.5 to 10 mm, and the flow rate at the narrowest point of the gap being 10-200 m/s. The carbon blacks of the invention can be used as non-reinforcing filler, reinforcing filler, UV stabilizer, conductive black, pigment or reducing agent.
US08236271B2	Process for producing hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from catalytic decomposition of ethanol The present invention relates to a process for the production of hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from catalytic decomposition of ethanol. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for preparing hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from catalytic decomposition of bioethanol over Ni/La203 catalyst is obtainable by H2 reduction of a LaNi03 perovskite catalyst precursor. Additionally, the present invention relates to the use of a Ni/La203 catalyst obtainable by H2 reduction of a LaNi03 perovskite catalyst precursor in the manufacture of hydrogen gas and carbon nanotubes from gaseous ethanol.
US08236266B2	Method and apparatus for purifying metallurgical silicon for solar cells A method for improving yield of an upgraded metallurgical-grade (UMG) silicon purification process is disclosed. In the UMG silicon (UMGSi) purification process, in a reaction chamber, purification is performed on a silicon melt therein by one, all or a plurality of the following techniques in the same apparatus at the same time, including: a crucible ratio approach, the addition of water-soluble substances, the control of power, the control of vacuum pressure, the upward venting of exhaust, isolation by high-pressure gas jet, and carbon removal by sandblasting, thereby reducing oxygen, carbon and other impurities in the silicon melt, meeting a high-purity silicon standard of solar cells, increasing yield while maintaining low cost, and avoiding EMF reduction over time. An exhaust venting device for purification processes is also disclosed, which allows exhaust to be vented from the top of the reactor chamber, thereby avoiding backflow of exhaust into the silicon melt and erosion of the reactor.
US08236263B2	Methods for reducing airborne formaldehyde Provided is a method for scavenging airborne formaldehyde. The method comprises contacting the airborne formaldehyde with a formaldehyde scavenger of the formula I: where R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and RA are as defined herein.
US08236257B2	Biological component-measuring device and method for calibrating the same This invention provides a biological component-measuring device, enabling the operator to easily calibrate the entire device and capable of measuring biological components accurately, and a method for calibrating the device. The device measures a sample including a body fluid taken through a body fluid sampler by sending it with a pump through a sample channel to a sensor. The device further includes a calibrating liquid channel through which a calibrating liquid can be supplied to the sensor via the sample channel by a switching of a first flow path changeover valve placed in the sample channel at a location upstream of the pump and connected to the channel. The method includes introducing the calibrating liquid in the calibrating liquid channel, via other channels, into the sensor by switching the valve.
US08236255B2	Slide treatment apparatus and methods for use An apparatus for treating slides has a base with a cavity, and a heater is located on a surface of the cavity. A tank, which supports a slide rack with the slides submerged in a slide treatment solution, is placed in the cavity with a tank surface immediately adjacent the heater. A temperature sensor is mounted in the base and is operable to provide a feedback signal representing a temperature of the liquid in the tank. A cover is removably hinged on the base to cover the tank. A control system is connected to the heater and the temperature sensor and has a user input/output that is operable to select a set temperature of the liquid and a cycle time.
US08236252B2	Collecting main for tubular cracking furnaces Collecting line for removing hot process gases conducted in process gas tubes from tubular reformers, wherein the collecting line has on the inside at least one insulation layer made of fire-resistant concrete or fire-resistant brick, and on the outside a wall made of a metallic outer tube, comprises a plurality of stubs via which the process gas tubes of the tubular furnace can be connected to the collecting line, wherein in the region of the stubs, the process gas tubes are at least in part conducted in guide tubes, and each gas outlet connected to the respective process gas tube projects into the collecting line, by means of which the process gas is introduced into the collecting line in correct functioning, and at least one gas outlet is constructed as a pipe bend.
US08236250B2	Gas treatment device Exhaust gas treatment is based on metal foams using catalytic coatings. A catalytic converter for diesel and gasoline engines includes oxidation catalysts, 3-way catalysts, de-NOx catalysts, NH3 slip catalysts. Foam high surface areas and high mixing rates enhance catalytic performance. Particulate filtration in both diesel and direct injection gasoline engines uses deep bed filtration. A multiple-pass radial flow uses more than one foam segments, separated by a diaphragm. Filtration, pressure drop and catalytic performance are enhanced using variable foam porosities in axial and radial flow directions and non-uniform catalyst coatings. More than one catalytic functionalities may be incorporated in a single shell. Secondary foam segments are placed within main foam segments. Diaphragms at the entrance and exit of the external shell allow the flow to be divided between the main and the secondary foam segments according to the respective flow resistances.
US08236249B2	Particle separator and method for removing particles from an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine A particle separator and method for removing particles from an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine. A prescribed number of flow cells are formed in the particle separator. The exhaust gas stream flows into and/or out of the flow cells via, as viewed in a main direction of flow of the exhaust gas stream, side wall regions of the flow cells. At least one storage space is formed in the flow cells for storing particles removed from the exhaust gas stream, which flows through at least portions of the particle separator.
US08236248B2	Sulfur-resistant exhaust gas aftertreatment system for the reduction of nitrogen oxides An arrangement for aftertreatment of exhaust gas for lean-burn internal combustion engines such as diesel engines and Otto engines with direct injection has a NOx storage catalyzer installed in the exhaust gas train for reducing nitrogen oxides and at which nitrogen oxides are stored in lean operating phases and these stored nitrogen oxides are reduced in rich operating phases. At least one molecular sieve which keeps sulfur dioxide away from the at least one NOx storage catalyzer is arranged upstream of the NOx storage catalyzer.
US08236241B2	Treating biological tissues to mitigate post-implantation calcification A method of treating a biological tissue including crosslinking with glutaraldehyde; immersing the biological tissue in a first solution containing glutaraldehyde and heat in the first solution to a temperature of about 50° C. for a first period of time; immersing the biological tissue in a second solution containing a mixture of a crosslinking agent, a denaturing agent and a surfactant; and immersing the biological tissue in a sterilizing solution containing glutaraldehyde and heating the sterilizing solution to a temperature of 37.5±2.5° C. for a sterilizing period of time. The method may include a terminal sterilization step in a method for fixation of biological tissues, and bioprosthetic devices may be prepared by such fixation method. The fixation method may include the steps of A) fixing the tissue, B) treating the tissue with a mixture of i) a denaturant, ii) a surfactant and iii) a crosslinking agent, C) fabricating or forming the bioprosthesis (e.g., forming the tissue and attaching any non-biological components thereto) and D) subjecting the bioprosthesis to the terminal sterilization method.
US08236239B2	Sterilizing compositions comprising phosphors for converting electromagnetic radiation to UVC radiation and methods for using the same There is disclosed a composition for converting electromagnetic energy to ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength, the composition comprising at least one phosphor capable of converting an initial electromagnetic energy (A) to an electromagnetic energy (B) comprising UVC radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength, and an organic or inorganic media containing said phosphor. There is also a method of sterilizing an article by exposing it to UVC radiation or radiation of a shorter wavelength for a time sufficient to deactivate or kill at least one microorganism and/or for a time sufficient to inhibit abnormal cell growth within the body, when said composition is in an implantable medical device. A method of coating an article with such compositions is also disclosed.
US08236237B2	Method and apparatus for destruction of biological and chemical agents A device and method for inactivating infectious biological or chemical agents using microwave-activated diazoluminomelanin (DALM). The agents are typically vacuumed into a load cavity, which is at least partially filled with DALM. The load is irradiated with microwaves via a cylindrical waveguide disposed under the load cavity, thereby inactivating or destroying the agents. The system is preferably temperature controlled and operation is preferably automated.
US08236236B2	Method of sterilizing A bio-air sterilization system and method of use thereof is provided that can remove and render benign harmful contaminants and particulates, such as bacteria, viruses, and molds, from air within an enclosed area, as well as, in principle, from the exposed surfaces located within the enclosed area. In one aspect, the sterilization system includes a self contained, mobile sterilization unit that includes at least an ultraviolet array, an air flow control mechanism for diverting the air flow within the system through either a filter or through an ozone removal zone, an ozone generator, and a blower apparatus to pull the air through the system and out through ports, such as a nozzle system, to the surrounding environment.
US08236234B2	Container for molten metal A container for molten metal includes an outlet for outflow of the molten metal from the container and a temperature measuring device fixed in a wall of the container. The temperature measuring device includes a plug, an outer protective sheath having a closed end, and an inner protective tube having a closed end. The inner protective tube is arranged within the outer protective sheath. A thermocouple is arranged within the inner protective tube. The plug includes a substantially refractory material and the outer protective sheath consists essentially of substantially refractory metal oxide and graphite. The outer protective sheath extends away from the first end of the plug and projects into a recessed portion of the wall of the container. The closed end of the outer protective sheath is arranged in the recessed portion. A junction of the thermocouple is proximate to the closed end of the inner protective tube.
US08236225B2	Device and method for fabricating flat display device Disclosed are a device and method for fabricating a flat display device which can minimize an error of alignment of an imprinting mold and a substrate. The device for fabricating a flat display device includes a stage for seating a substrate; an imprinting mold bonded with the substrate to form a thin film pattern on the substrate, the imprinting mold comprises projections and grooves; and a mold holder for holding sides of the imprinting mold when the substrate and the imprinting mold are bonded with each other.
US08236219B2	Resin infusion potting A process for forcibly infusing liquid potting compound into the strands of a cable in order to attach an anchor to the cable. The process uses a strand cavity within an anchor that encloses the exposed strands. The strand cavity is sealed. Liquid potting compound is then forced into the strand cavity, where it runs around and through the exposed strands. A second venting passage is preferably employed, so that the liquid potting compound flows through the mold without trapping any substantial air pockets.
US08236218B2	Methods of manufacturing integral elastic supports The present invention is applicable to the field of sport and leisure accessories and particularly relates to a process for making integral elastic supports as well as to integral elastic supports obtainable by such process. The invention also relates to a mold for making such supports, as well as a molding apparatus including such mold, for carrying out the above process. The process includes the step of forming at least one pad element from a resilient material, to be associated to a frame made of a substantially rigid or semirigid material whose outer edge defines a peripheral portion in combination with said pad. The process is characterized further includes the step of forming a bead from a substantially waterproof material near the peripheral portion to prevent any undesired infiltration into such portion.
US08236217B2	Prestressing fixture to eliminate automotive P.S.I.R. door-chute vibration weld visibility A method of manufacturing an automotive instrument panel for eliminating distortion in an area of vibration welded air bags comprises: providing a weld fixture including at least one pre-stressor protrusion; placing the at least one pre-stressor protrusion against an instrument panel; generating a force to press the weld fixture against the instrument panel to create compression in a first surface of the instrument panel where the weld fixture contacts the instrument panel and to create tension in a second surface of the instrument panel, the second surface opposite to the first surface; and vibration welding an air bag chute to the instrument panel such that a weld bar of the air bag chute is welded to the second surface of the instrument panel.
US08236209B1	Method of making an engraved scannable marking code An engraved scannable marking code produced by providing a substrate of transparent material having a first side and a second side and an index of refraction greater than one; and forming a plurality of lenses on the first side of the substrate in pre-selected portions thereof, wherein the plurality of lenses and selected reminder portions form a desired marking code pattern operable for being read by a code reading apparatus.
US08236204B1	Corrosion inhibitor compositions comprising tetrahydrobenzotriazoles solubilized in activating solvents and methods for using same A composition with one or more tetrahydrobenzotriazoles and one or more one or more tetrahydrobenzotriazole activating solvents, wherein the tetrahydrobenzotriazoles are solubilized in the activating solvents in an amount effective to inhibit corrosion of a metal or metal alloy which is corrodible in the presence of copper or copper corroding agents. Also a method of using this composition to inhibit corrosion of a metal component which has a metal or metal alloy which is corrodible in the presence of copper or copper corroding agents.
US08236203B2	Corrosion protection coatings and methods of making the same A corrosion protection composition includes a mixture of three different silanes selected to interact and form a coating on metal substrates that has improved adhesion and durability as well as UV protection properties. Methods of manufacturing the corrosion protection composition include mixing the silanes together and further combining the silane mixture with other mixtures to arrive at the corrosion protection composition. Sonication may be a preferred manner of mixing together the various components of the mixtures.
US08236199B2	Phosphorescent/fluorescent compositions and methods Phosphor and fluorescent compositions and methods of producing them are provided.
US08236197B2	Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device The subject is to provide a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one characteristic of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a negatively large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding two characteristics thereof. The subject is to provide an AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth.The invention provides a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy that contains a specific compound having negatively large dielectric anisotropy as the first component, a specific compound having negatively large dielectric anisotropy and a low minimum temperature as the second component, a specific compound having a high maximum temperature and a small viscosity as the third component, and a specific compound having a negatively especially large dielectric anisotropy as the fourth component, and provides a liquid crystal display device containing the composition.
US08236192B2	Ferromagnetic nanoparticles with high magnetocrystalline anisotropy for MICR ink applications An ink including stabilized magnetic single-crystal nanoparticles, wherein the value of the magnetic anisotropy of the magnetic nanoparticles is greater than or equal to 2×104 J/m3. The magnetic nanoparticle may be a ferromagnetic nanoparticle, such as FePt. The ink includes a magnetic material that minimizes the size of the particle, resulting in excellent magnetic pigment dispersion stability, particularly in non-aqueous inkjet inks. The smaller sized magnetic particles of the ink also maintains excellent magnetic properties, thereby reducing the amount of magnetic particle loading required in the ink.
US08236183B2	Methods and systems for filtration Methods and systems for filtration are disclosed. A feed mixture including at least one liquid component and at least one solid component and a flow of gas may be directed to a filter element and filtrate and gas may be passed through a filter medium from a feed fluid side to a filtrate side. The gas loosens and removes foulants accumulating within and on the upstream surface of the filter medium. The gas and filtrate may be separated from one another after passing through the filter medium.
US08236182B2	Separating sand from fluids produced by a well A settling system may be used to separate and/or remove solid particles, such as sand, from fluids produced by wells. The container of the settling system may be cleaned without need for manned-entry.
US08236179B2	Method and installation for regulating the modifier level in chromatography or supercritical extraction with recycling A chromatography or supercritical extraction method is disclosed, in which the eluent comprises a mixture of a fluid and a modifier and in which the fluid is recycled. One exemplary method comprises an operation consisting in determining at least one quantity linked to the level of modifier that is mixed with the recycled fluid and, if necessary, a correction operation in order to limit variations in the level of modifier in the eluent at the inlet of the column or the extractor. The disclosure also relates to a chromatography or extraction installation.
US08236177B1	Spiral wound filter A spiral wound filter is formed which decreases the cross-sectional area over which the feed fluid flows in order to provide sufficient flow rates across the membrane with less energy consumption, and one embodiment includes a housing that is sealed against substantially the entire outer surface of the filter element.
US08236173B2	Biomass pretreatment for fast pyrolysis to liquids Aspects of the present invention relate to methods, systems, and compositions for preparing a solid biomass for fast pyrolysis. The method includes contacting the solid biomass with an inorganic material present in an effective amount for increasing fast pyrolysis yield of an organic liquid product (e.g., bio-oil). In various embodiments, the inorganic material is selected from the group consisting of aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and combinations thereof.
US08236171B2	Process for improving quality as a fuel of hydrotreated hydrocarbon blends A process is described for improving the quality as a fuel of hydrotreated hydrocarbon blends by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a bifunctional catalytic system comprising one or more metals selected from Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh and Re, and a silico-aluminate of an acidic nature, selected from a micro-mesoporous silico-alumina and a zeolite belonging to the MTW family. The process of the invention produces an increase in the cetane index and a decrease in the density and T95.
US08236166B2	No calibration analyte sensors and methods A meter and sensors, for use in combination, where no calibration code has to be entered by the user or is read by the meter. The meter is configured with a predetermined slope and y-intercept built into the meter. If the slope and y-intercept of the sensor are within a predetermined area or grid, or otherwise close to the slope and y-intercept of the meter, the batch of sensors is acceptable for use with that meter for providing accurate analyte concentration results.
US08236163B2	Anode media for use in electroplating processes, and methods of cleaning thereof A method for cleaning anode media, the method comprising removing the anode media from an electroplating system, and removing scale coatings from substrates of the anode media by vibrational polishing the anode media with abrasive particles.
US08236161B2	Apparatus for electrolyzing sulfuric acid, method of performing electrolysis, and apparatus for processing a substrate An apparatus for electrolyzing sulfuric acid, the apparatus comprising an electrolytic cell comprising a cathode chamber having a cathode and an anode chamber having an anode, the cathode chamber and the anode chamber being separated by a diaphragm, a sulfuric acid tank configured to store the sulfuric acid, a supply pipe connecting the sulfuric acid tank to an inlet port of the anode chamber, a connection pipe connecting an outlet port of the cathode chamber to the inlet port of the anode chamber, a first supply pump provided on the supply pipe and configured to supply the sulfuric acid from the sulfuric acid tank to the cathode chamber through the supply pipe, and a drain pipe connected to an outlet port of the anode chamber and configured to supply to a solution tank a solution containing an oxidizing agent generated by electrolysis in the anode chamber.
US08236158B2	Method for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy Described herein are a method and system for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy. A “five stream” dialytic stack is described that can be used to desalinate saltwater at a relatively high recovery ratio. The dialytic stack may include, for example, one or more drive cells having a paired concentrate and a diluent-c chamber in ionic communication with a product chamber that is adjacent to an anion and a cation discharge chamber each filled with diluent-p. The drive cell applies a drive voltage across the product chamber, and when the drive voltage exceeds a desalination voltage of the product chamber, the saltwater in the product chamber is desalinated. The diluent-p may be at a lower ionic concentration than the diluent-c, which may be at a lower concentration than the concentrate. The relatively high concentrations of the concentrate and the diluent-c facilitate a relatively high recovery ratio, while the relatively low concentration of the diluent-p facilitates a relatively low desalination voltage. The dialytic stack may accept brine discharged from a first desalination plant and may use this brine as a source of the concentrate, diluent-c, or diluent-p. Alternatively, the dialytic stack may accept the brine as saltwater to be desalinated, and may then output desalinated brine back to the first desalination plant for further desalination. Processing the brine in the dialytic stack may decrease its volume, decreasing costs associated with treating or otherwise disposing of the brine.
US08236157B2	Organic solvent free pigment dispersant for waterborne electrocoating A pigment dispersing resin is disclosed along with pigment dispersion, electrodepositable coating compositions using the pigment dispersing resin, and methods for applying the electrodepositable coating composition. The pigment dispersing resin consists essentially of the carboxylic acid salt of an aminated bisphenol epoxy resin and an alkoxylated styrenated phenol. Pigment dispersions made from the dispersing resin are especially useful for forming low or no volatile organic content electrocoating baths.
US08236152B2	Deposition system A deposition system includes a chamber, a plurality of targets in a center region in the chamber and a plurality of substrates in the chamber. The targets are sequentially positioned when viewed in a first direction. At least one of the targets includes a sputtering surface facing outward. The substrates are sequentially positioned when viewed in the first direction. At least one of the substrates includes a deposition surface configured to receive material sputtered off the sputtering surface.
US08236148B2	Electrolysis device for preparation of hypochlorous water An electrolysis device for preparation of hypochlorous water is provided, comprising an electrolytic cell, and cathodic and anodic electrolytic sheets arranged in the electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic cell is separated to form an inner tank for containing hydrochloric acid and an outer tank for circulating tap water, a central portion of the inner tank is sealed and separated relative to the outer tank, and a chlorine discharge outlet connected to the outer tank is provided at the upper end of the inner tank; the cathodic and anodic electrolytic sheets are located on both sides of the inner tank. The electrolysis device without a membrane utilizes tap water and hydrochloric acid as raw materials, having an inner tank for containing hydrochloric acid and an outer tank for circulating tap water. Chlorine generated through electrolysis of hydrochloric acid is discharged from the chlorine discharge outlet and combined with tap water in the outer tank to generate hypochlorous acid. This electrolysis device has simple structure, and can effectively improve productivity of hypochlorous water. Hypochlorous water produced by this electrolysis device has functions of sterilization and environmental protection.
US08236146B2	Photoelectrochemical cell and energy system using the same A photoelectrochemical cell (100) includes: a semiconductor electrode (120) including a conductor (121) and an n-type semiconductor layer (122); a counter electrode (130) connected electrically to the conductor (121); an electrolyte (140) in contact with the surfaces of the n-type semiconductor layer (122) and the counter electrode (130); and a container (110) accommodating the semiconductor electrode (120), the counter electrode (130) and the electrolyte (140). The photoelectrochemical cell (100) generates hydrogen by irradiation of the n-type semiconductor layer (122) with light. In the semiconductor electrode (120), relative to the vacuum level, (I) the band edge levels of the conduction band and the valence band in the surface near-field region of the n-type semiconductor layer (122), respectively, are equal to or higher than the band edge levels of the conduction band and the valence band in the junction plane near-field region of the n-type semiconductor layer (122) with the conductor (121), (II) the Fermi level of the junction plane near-field region of the n-type semiconductor layer (122) is higher than the Fermi level of the surface near-field region of the n-type semiconductor layer (122), and (III) the Fermi level of the conductor (121) is higher than the Fermi level of the junction plane near-field region of the n-type semiconductor layer (122).
US08236143B2	Controlling chemical reactions by spectral chemistry and spectral conditioning This invention relates to novel methods for affecting, controlling and/or directing various reactions and/or reaction pathways or systems by exposing one or more components in a holoreaction system to at least one spectral energy pattern. In a first aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy pattern can be applied to a reaction system. In a second aspect of the invention, at least one spectral energy conditioning pattern can be applied to a conditioning reaction system. The spectral energy conditioning pattern can, for example, be applied at a separate location from the reaction vessel (e.g., in a conditioning reaction vessel) or can be applied in (or to) the reaction vessel, but prior to other reaction system participants being introduced into the reaction vessel.
US08236142B2	Process for transporting and quenching coke A method and apparatus for transporting and quenching coke, useful in quenching a batch of coke produced in one of a plurality of coke ovens forming a coke oven battery, is disclosed. A hot car defining a substantially planar receiving surface is positioned adjacent a coke oven of the coke oven battery, and a unitary cake of unquenched coke is placed onto the hot car receiving surface. The hot car and unquenched coke are transported to a transfer station having a dust collection system. A quenching car is positioned at the transfer station adjacent the hot car, under the dust collection system. The unitary cake of unquenched coke is dumped into the quenching car receptacle, thereby separating the unitary cake. At least a portion of the dust generated by separation is collected. The quench car is then transported to a quenching station, where the separated coke is quenched.
US08236141B2	Industrial roll with sensors having conformable conductive sheets An industrial roll includes: a substantially cylindrical core having an outer surface and an internal lumen; a polymeric cover circumferentially overlying the core outer surface; and a sensing system. The sensing system includes: a plurality of sensors at least partially embedded in the cover, the sensors configured to sense an operating parameter of the roll and provide signals related to the operating parameter; and a processor operatively associated with the sensors that processes signals provided by the sensors. Each of the plurality of sensors includes: a first electrode overlying the top surface of a substrate and a second electrode underlying the bottom surface of the substrate, wherein the first electrode overlies the top surface of the substrate and the second electrode underlies only a portion of the bottom surface of the substrate, thereby forming a gap adjacent the bottom surface and a side surface of the substrate; a first sheet of conductive material attached to the first electrode and the side surface of the substrate and extended in a first direction away from the bottom surface of the substrate; and a second sheet of conductive material attached to the second electrode and extended in a second direction away from the bottom surface of the substrate, the second surface being opposite the first direction.
US08236140B2	Advanced dewatering system A belt press for a paper machine, the belt press including a roll having an exterior surface and a permeable belt. The permeable belt including a first side being guided over a portion of the exterior surface of the roll. The permeable belt having a tension of at least approximately 30 kN/m. The first side of the belt having an open area of at least approximately 25% and a contact area of at least approximately 10%. A web travels between the permeable belt and the exterior surface of the roll.
US08236137B2	Headbox for a machine for producing a fibrous web The invention relates to a headbox which comprises a feed device feeding the at least one fiber suspension, a perforated distribution pipe plate arranged immediately downstream thereof and having a plurality of channels arranged in lines and columns, an intermediate channel arranged downstream thereof, extending over the width of the headbox and having a plurality of means for dosing a fluid in partial fluid streams to the at least one fiber suspension in a preferably adjustable/controlled manner, the means being spaced apart from each other in the width direction of the headbox and the individual means comprising a plurality of dosing channels having respective dosing channel openings and an opening center line, arriving at different levels and being connected to a common supply channel. The headbox further comprises a downstream turbulence generator having a plurality of flow channels arranged in lines and columns and a headbox nozzle which is directly contiguous to the turbulence generator and which has a nozzle gap. The headbox according to the invention has a system pressure loss which is substantially composed of a first pressure loss between the feed device and the intermediate channel and a second pressure loss in the turbulence generator, the second pressure loss and the first pressure loss being in a ratio ranging from 8:1 to 1:1, preferably from 4:1 to 1:1, particularly from 2:1 to 1:1.
US08236136B2	Coating compositions comprising alkyl ketene dimers and alkyl succinic anhydrides for use in paper making Additives for paper making are disclosed herein. Specifically, the additives are wax-free alternatives to conventional coatings, including ASA, AKD and optionally an acrylic containing composition. Other additives may be included in the coating, such as cationic particles or compositions. The coatings may be used at a variety of points during the paper making process, including on the calender stack and in the wet end.
US08236135B2	Multi-ply tissue products A multi-ply paper product is disclosed. The multi-ply paper product is provided with a first play and a second ply. The first ply is a lotioned fibrous structure having a wet burst of less than about 100 grams. The second ply is a non-lotioned fibrous structure having a wet burst of greater than about 100 grams.
US08236117B2	Chucks and use in processing toroidal structures A chuck and a chuck system, and a method for processing a toroidal structure such as a tire carcass. The carcass includes an internal circumference and tapered ends. The chuck system comprises a plurality of chucks wherein each chuck includes a circumferential or substantially circumferential external surface and a plurality of friction reducing members positioned on the external surface. The friction reducing members are positioned to engage the internal circumference of the toroidal structure such as a tire. The method of processing a tire carcass includes positioning the tire carcass on fixed diameter chucks having friction reducing members on the external surface.
US08236113B2	Fuel component for an explosive and method for its production The invention relates to a fuel component for an explosive, in which case the fuel component contains a volume-expanded molecularly dispersed hydrocarbon, and a method for its production. Furthermore, the invention relates to an explosive formed of the fuel component and an oxidizer, an explosive body filled with the explosive as well as an explosion method.
US08236108B1	Inertial masking assembly An inertial masking assembly that allows multiple thin film structures to be deposited on a single substrate by rotation of a shadow mask relative to the substrate. The assembly rotates the position of the shadow mask by the conservation of momentum. The substrate is seated on means for rotating the substrate in a confined orbit within the mask. Abruptly changing the angular velocity of the mask causes the mask to rotate under the substrate, which is mediated by a combination of friction and the substrate's inertia.
US08236103B2	Group III nitride semiconductor crystal, production method thereof and group III nitride semiconductor epitaxial wafer A method for producing a Group III nitride semiconductor crystal includes a first step of supplying a Group III raw material and a Group V raw material at a V/III ratio of 0 to 1,000 to form and grow a Group III nitride semiconductor on a heated substrate and a second step of vapor-phase-growing a Group III nitride semiconductor crystal on the substrate using a Group III raw material and a nitrogen raw material.
US08236100B2	Method of characterizing the self-healing properties of a set cement based material in contact with hydrocarbons Methods of characterizing the self-healing properties of a set cement based material in contact with hydrocarbons in an oil- and/or gas-well are described. The methods comprise: providing a test cell (10); providing said test cell (10) with a sample (31, 40) of the set cement based material; damaging the sample to simulate a loss of zonal isolation resulting from damages made to the set cement based material in the oil- or gas-well; injecting a hydrocarbon fluid in the test cell; allowing the cement based material to heal by itself; measuring the differential pressure (ΔP) across the sample (31, 40); and characterizing the self-healing properties of the cement based material from the measure of said differential pressure (ΔP).
US08236099B2	Cement slurry with low water to cement ratio A cement slurry comprising a mixture of a cement blend and water, wherein the cement blend comprises at least about 70% by volume of blend of cementitious particulate material and water is present in the mixture in an amount of not more than 50% by volume of the slurry.
US08236097B2	Composition and method for low temperature deposition of silicon-containing films This invention relates to silicon precursor compositions for forming silicon-containing films by low temperature (e.g., <300° C.) chemical vapor deposition processes for fabrication of ULSI devices and device structures. Such silicon precursor compositions comprise at least one disilane derivative compound that is fully substituted with alkylamino and/or dialkylamino functional groups.
US08236096B2	Ink set for inkjet recording The ink set for inkjet recording of the invention has at least: an aqueous ink composition containing at least a pigment; and a reaction liquid containing at least a reactant that produces an aggregate when contacted with the aqueous ink composition. The static surface tension of the reaction liquid is 40 mN/m or higher. The dynamic surface tension γ0.1 is from 40 mN/m to 50 mN/m and the ratio γ0.1/γ10, that is a ratio of the dynamic surface tension and is sometimes referred to as γ, is from 1.01 to 1.10, in which the dynamic surface tension of the reaction liquid at a surface lifetime of 100 ms and 10000 ms is γ0.1 and γ10, respectively, according to the maximum bubble pressure technique. The aqueous ink composition aggregates by contacting the reaction liquid to form an image.
US08236095B1	Vacuum-pressure swing absorption concentrator A vacuum-pressure swing absorption concentrator includes a motor driven compressor having pressure and vacuum heads that are connected to a pressure reservoir and a vacuum reservoir respectively. The pressure and vacuum reservoirs are selectively and alternately interconnected in sequence through a main valve to a pair of nitrogen filtering sieve beds. A controller operates the valve to alternately and cyclically interconnect the sieve beds to the pressure and vacuum reservoirs respectively. During each cycle, a respective bed is pressurized and enriched oxygen is produced and delivered to a tank for use by a patient. At the same time, the other bed is evacuated through the vacuum reservoir. A crossover valve delivers oxygen from a pressurized bed to an evacuated bed to facilitate purging of impurities previously collected in the evacuated bed.
US08236090B2	Process and apparatus for producing metals and/or primary metal products The invention relates to a process and an associated apparatus for producing metals and/or primary metal products, in particular pig iron and/or primary pig iron products, in which a metal-containing charge material, in particular in fine particle form, is introduced, using pneumatic conveying, by means of a carrier gas stream, in the form of a stream of medium formed from the charge material and the carrier gas stream, into a melting unit, in particular a melter gasifier, for further processing. According to the invention, the charge material is introduced after the carrier gas stream has been separated off and separately at at least two introduction points, so that at least two partial quantities of the charge material can be introduced independently of one another and continuously or in stacked form.
US08236085B1	Method for enhancing soil growth using bio-char A method is described for rendering char from a biomass fractionator apparatus (BMF char) suitable for addition to soil in high concentrations, the method relying on multiple processes comprising removing detrimental hydrocarbons from BMF char, removing adsorbed gases from BMF char, introducing microorganisms to the BMF char, and adjusting soil pH.
US08236083B2	Wall-flow honeycomb filter having high storage capacity and low backpressure A wall-flow honeycomb filter comprising a ceramic monolith having a plurality of porous walls formed therein. The plurality of porous walls define a plurality of inlet cells and a plurality of outlet cells extending between an inlet end face and an outlet end face of the monolith. The inlet cells are open at the inlet end face and plugged at or near the outlet end face. The outlet cells are open at the outlet end face and plugged at or near the inlet end face. The monolith has a ratio of a combined cross-sectional area of the inlet cells to a combined cross-sectional area of the outlet cells greater than 1. The monolith has at least one inlet cell cluster which contains an N×M group of inlet cells, N and M being integers greater than 1, each inlet cell cluster consisting of a plurality of inlet cells separated by inlet cluster walls.
US08236074B1	Superabrasive elements, methods of manufacturing, and drill bits including same Methods of manufacturing a superabrasive element are disclosed. In one embodiment, a substrate and a preformed superabrasive volume may be at least partially surrounded by an enclosure and the enclosure may be sealed in an inert environment. Further, the enclosure may be exposed to an elevated pressure and preformed superabrasive volume may be affixed to the substrate. Polycrystalline diamond elements are disclosed. In one embodiment, a polycrystalline diamond element may comprise a preformed polycrystalline diamond volume bonded to a substrate by a braze material. Optionally, such a polycrystalline diamond element may exhibit a compressive stress. Rotary drill bit for drilling a subterranean formation and including at least one superabrasive element are also disclosed.
US08236073B2	Hydrogen supplying apparatus and method for controlling hydrogen supplying apparatus A hydrogen supply apparatus includes a hydrogen supply path by which hydrogen released from a hydrogen tank reaches a hydrogen supply target, a branching path from the hydrogen supply path, in which a part of hydrogen released from the hydrogen tank flows, addition means for adding an odorizing agent to the hydrogen flowing in the branching path, a buffer tank storing the hydrogen to which the odorizing agent is added by the addition means, and supplying means for supplying the odorizing agent treated hydrogen in the buffer tank to the hydrogen supply path.
US08236072B2	System and method for producing substitute natural gas from coal The present invention provides a system and method for producing substitute natural gas and electricity, while mitigating production of any greenhouse gasses. The system includes a hydrogasification reactor, to form a gas stream including natural gas and a char stream, and an oxygen burner to combust the char material to form carbon oxides. The system also includes an algae farm to convert the carbon oxides to hydrocarbon material and oxygen.
US08236070B2	Heat exchanger, heat-exchange reformer, and methods of producing heat-exchanger and heat-exchange reformer A heat exchanger includes: a stacked core formed by stacking a plurality of unit plate members in each of which passage formation portions are formed independently of each other to extend from a heat-exchange passage formation portion along a plane; a case formed in accordance with the outer shape of the stacked core, and which houses the stacked core such that heat-exchange media flow into and flow out of the stacked core; and a join portion that serves as a sealing mechanism that supports the stacked core such that the stacked core does not contact the case, and that forms a heat-insulation layer between the case and the stacked core, wherein the heat-insulation layer is a closed space separated from the outside.
US08236064B2	Method of producing safety textiles in one of the colors fluorescent yellow, orange-red and fluorescent red The invention relates to a process for producing safety textiles in one of the following colors: fluorescent yellow, fluorescent orange-red or fluorescent red. In a first step a textile starting material is pre-dyed in the desired color such that the pre-dyed fluorescent material has a specified first minimum luminance factor and the color is situated within an associated color diamond. After that the pre-dyed material is cross-dyed with a mixture of a luminescent pigment dye and a binder in such a way that the cross-dyed fluorescent material has a specified second minimum luminance factor and the color of the cross-dyed material continues to be situated within the color diamond. Subsequently the cross-dyed material is dried.
US08236063B2	Coloring agent with surfactant/emulsifier combination Agent for oxidative coloring of keratinic fibers comprising a specific combination of non-ionic emulsifiers with a differing degree of ethoxylation and a specific combination of interfacially active substances comprising at least one anionic, at least one zwitterionic and at least one amphoteric surfactant. The agents provide good coloring characteristics while simultaneously protecting against damage to human hair. In particular the agents allow for colors with high color intensity and an improved gray coverage. The agents also provide significant advantages with regard to viscosity stability during storage and use and an improvement in shear sensitivity.
US08236062B2	Prosthetic foot with tunable performance A prosthetic foot and lower part of leg has a semi-rigid, resilient foot keel extending in a longitudinal direction and a semi-rigid, resilient leg portion attached at a lower end to the foot keel. The leg portion includes a plurality of resilient leaf spring type members which are spaced apart in the sagittal plane intermediate their upper and lower ends and which are coupled together at their upper and lower end portions. The members are anterior facing convexly curved at their lower ends forming an ankle joint area and extend upwardly above in a substantially anterior facing convexly curve to a substantially vertically oriented upper end which is displaced substantially in the longitudinal direction in amputee gait for improved dynamic response.
US08236060B2	Tethered joint bearing implants and systems An implant for resurfacing at least a portion of an articulation surface of a bone includes a body having a first side with a top articular surface and an opposing second side with a bone apposition surface. The bone apposition surface is adapted to bias against a natural or resected articulation surface of a bone. An elongated flexible first line is coupled to and extends from the body.
US08236057B2	Inflatable multi-chambered devices and methods of treatment using the same Inflatable multi-chambered devices are provided for repairing or replacing spinal discs and distracting neighboring vertebral elements. Also included are cushioning devices that may be used in a joint replacement device cushioning system. Further included are kits and systems for making such devices, and methods of treating patients in need of such devices. Examples further include cosmetic augmentation and restoration devices.
US08236053B1	2-amino benzophenone UV-absorbers for ophthalmic lens materials Ophthalmic device materials comprising 2-amino benzophenone UV-absorbing compounds are disclosed. The ophthalmic device materials are particularly useful in intraocular lenses.
US08236046B2	Bioerodible endoprosthesis An endoprosthesis can include a body including an underlying portion and a surface portion overlying the underlying portion. The underlying portion can include a bioerodible metal in the form of a matrix and corrosion enhancing deposits within the matrix. The surface portion including the bioerodible metal of the matrix. The surface portion having a first erosion rate when exposed to a physiological environment and the underlying portion having a second erosion rate when exposed to a physiological environment that is greater than the first erosion rate.
US08236045B2	Implantable prosthetic valve assembly and method of making the same An implantable prosthetic valve assembly having a support stent, or frame, having circumferential struts with multiple bends forming obtuse angles when the valve assembly is expanded to its functional size. The frame can be manufactured with one or more of the circumferential struts in a partially collapsed state and a flexible valve member can be mounted to the partially collapsed frame. The partially collapsed struts can be formed with multiple bends having angles selected to facilitate crimping of the frame to a profile suitable for percutaneous delivery. When the frame is expanded, the bends can expand to form obtuse angles, thereby enhancing the rigidity of the frame to better resist closing forces exerted on the valve assembly.
US08236042B2	System and method for delivering and deploying an occluding device within a vessel A system and method for deploying an occluding device that can be used to remodel an aneurysm within the vessel by, for example, neck reconstruction or balloon remodeling. The system comprises an introducer sheath and an assembly for carrying the occluding device. The assembly includes an elongated flexible member having an occluding device retaining member for receiving a first end of the occluding device, a proximally positioned retaining member for engaging a second end of the occluding device and a support surrounding a portion of the elongated flexible member over which the occluding device can be positioned.
US08236041B2	Noncylindrical stent deployment system for treating vascular bifurcations A device and method for treating pathological narrowing of fluid-carrying conduits of the human body (such as blood vessels) in an area of a bifurcation is disclosed. In particular, a stent system carries a self expandable noncylindrical stent, which is particularly suited for treating a widened portion of a blood vessel immediately proximal to a bifurcation. A stent delivery system is also disclosed, for delivering the stent such that a larger expanded diameter end of the stent faces the bifurcation, and a smaller expanded diameter end of the stent faces proximally in the main vessel.
US08236040B2	Bifurcated graft deployment systems and methods A deployment catheter for deploying an endoluminal vascular prosthesis that has at least a main graft portion and a first branch graft portion. The deployment catheter preferably comprises an elongate, flexible catheter body having a proximal end and a distal end, and an outer sheath and an inner core that is axially moveable with respect to the outer sheath. The catheter preferably comprises a main graft restraint that has a main graft release mechanism comprising a main graft sheath and a suture threaded through a plurality of the openings in the main graft sheath. The catheter further comprises at least one branch graft restraint comprising at least one branch graft release mechanism.
US08236037B2	Scalar laser therapy apparatus There is disclosed a new low-level laser therapy apparatus and method of treating tissue. The invention includes a laser system that uses laser diodes and/or alternatively light emitting diodes (LED's), or both, and a digital interface that gives the operator the ability to generate sine waves or scalar waves as opposed to the simple on/off square waves. The invention also enables the operator to modulate not only the frequency, but also other wave characteristics such as the amplitude and phase. In one aspect, the invention involves modulating the phase relationship between multiple waves by taking one channel or wave which is pulsed through the laser system and then running a second channel or wave in relationship to the first channel, thereby creating a phased relationship, which has been discovered to provide a therapeutic and quantum healing effect on tissue. In one exemplary embodiment, the laser system of the invention may have a phase relationship of approximately 180 degrees which provides a beneficial therapeutic and quantum healing effect and, in particular, neutralizes or deletes cellular memory.
US08236036B1	Optical dermatological and medical treatment apparatus having replaceable laser diodes Semiconductor diode lasers are tiny sources of light powered by electricity. These are used extensively in medical and aesthetic applications. This patent application covers the concept of replaceable laser diodes for a wide range of applications. Historically, the high power laser sources have been prohibitively expensive to contemplate such an idea. However, as technology advances the price per Watt continues to fall dramatically. Somewhat analogous to the Gillette safety razor concept, this patent application describes how diodes can be replaced in a manner akin to the ordinary razor blade. Simply put, this invention describes replaceable laser light sources for aesthetic and medical applications.
US08236031B2	Flexible and static interspinous/inter-laminar spinal spacers Interspinous/inter-laminar spinal spacers (spinal spacers) are configured to be placed between bony structures (i.e. transverse and spinous processes) of adjacent vertebrae of a spine. In one form, flexible spinal spacers are defined by a unitary body that is configured to be placed between bony structures of adjacent vertebrae of a spine. The unitary body has a flex portion that provides for motion between the adjacent vertebrae to which it is coupled. The flex portion is configurable to provide for various degrees of angulation, flexion, extension and/or compression of the present flexible spinal spacer. In another form, static spinal spacers are defined by a unitary body that is configured to be placed between bony structures of adjacent vertebrae of a spine. The unitary body has saddle-shaped ends each defining a pocket that is configured to receive a bony structure of a vertebra. The pockets may or may not be textured and/or may or may not include teeth, serrations or ridged surfaces to secure the spinal spacer to the bony structure.
US08236028B2	Spinal rod connector A rod connector for joining a first rod and a second rod includes bore holes that are offset and/or non-parallel to each other. The rod connector provides an offset or non-parallel connection between the rods that allows for the rods to match the contour of a patient's body without requiring bending of the rods. The rod connector may include a first bore hole for receiving the first spinal rod and a second bore hole for receiving the second spinal rod that is adjustable relative to the first bore hole to adjust the position and/or orientation of the second spinal rod relative to the first spinal rod. The rod connector may comprise a first housing component defining the first bore hole and a second housing component that is movable relative to the first housing component and defining the second bore hole.
US08236026B2	Closure device and methods for making and using them A clip for engaging tissue includes a generally annular-shaped body defining a plane and disposed about a central axis extending normal to the plane. The body includes alternating inner and outer curved regions, defining a zigzag pattern about a periphery of the clip. The body is biased towards a planar configuration lying in the plane and deflectable towards a transverse configuration extending out of the plane. Tines extend from the inner curved regions, the tines being oriented towards the central axis in the planar configuration, and parallel to the central axis in the transverse configuration. The tines may include primary tines and secondary tines that are shorter than the primary tines. The primary tines may be disposed on opposing inner curved regions and oriented towards one another such that they overlap in the planar configuration.
US08236023B2	Apparatus and method for volume adjustment of intragastric balloons A gastric balloon and method of adding and removing fluid therefrom are disclosed. The gastric balloon includes a shell, a receiver, and a retractable tubing housed in the receiver and extendable from the stomach of a patient to the mouth of the patient. The shell is inflated and deflated from outside the body of the patient. The method of adding or removing fluid from the implanted gastric balloon includes steps of inserting a gastroscopic tool into the stomach of a patient and grasping an end of a retractable tubing housed in a receiver of the gastric balloon. Further steps of the method include withdrawing at least a portion of the retractable tubing from the stomach and out of a patient's mouth and adding or removing fluid from the gastric balloon via the retractable tubing withdrawn from the patient.
US08236022B2	Implantable device for the treatment of obesity An implant for placement within a hollow body organ. The implant has a member with distal and proximal ends. The member has an undeployed shape for delivery to the hollow body and a deployed shape for implantation therein. The implant has at least one tensioning tether with a first end attached to at least one of the distal and proximal end and a second ends attached to the member between the distal and proximal ends. Wherein applying tension to the tether moves the member towards the deployed shape. The member preferably has a first rate at which it initially resists bending, and a second substantially higher rate at which it resists further bending.
US08236018B2	Ultrasonic therapeutic devices An ultrasonic surgical instrument comprises an ultrasonic transducer producing ultrasonic vibration, a transmission member transmitted ultrasonic vibration from the proximal end to the distal end, a sheath in which the transmission member is inserted, a procedural unit provided to the distal end of the transmission member so that it projects from the distal end of the sheath, and treating a surgical target portion using ultrasonic vibration, a procedural unit main body provided in the procedural unit, a procedural member provided in the sheath so that it projects from the distal end of the sheath to treat the surgical target portion, and a procedural member main body provided at the distal end of the procedural member. In the ultrasonic surgical instrument, the procedural member main body overlaps with the procedural unit main body, and thereby, the procedural member main body and the procedural unit main body treat the portion.
US08236011B2	Method for deploying fasteners for use in a gastric volume reduction procedure A method for deploying fasteners including the steps of providing a device having a handle and at least one actuator. The handle is connected to an elongated hollow housing having distal and proximal ends. The device has a first cartridge containing at least one fastener releasably connectable to the handle and an elongated pusher movable through the hollow housing from the distal to the proximal end for deploying the fastener from the distal end. The method includes increasing the stiffness of the pusher at a distal end thereof and advancing the pusher through the elongated housing to deploy the fasteners.
US08236010B2	Surgical fastener and cutter with mimicking end effector Methods and devices are provided for controlling movement of a working end of a surgical device. In one embodiment, methods and devices are provided for moving an end effector on a distal end of a surgical fastening device. Movement can include rotational movement of the end effector about an axis of the shaft, articulation of the end effector relative to the shaft, and actuation of an end effector, e.g., closing, firing, and/or cutting. In other embodiments, a single cable actuator is provided and is movable between a first position, in which it is effective to rotate an end effector without actuating (i.e., closing and firing) the end effector, and a second position, in which it is effective to actuate the end effector without rotating the end effector. In other aspects, methods and devices are provided for moving a flexible neck formed on a distal end of an accessory channel for use with an endoscope. Movement of the flexible neck can be used to control positioning of a tool extending through the flexible neck.
US08236009B2	Needle assembly for tissue manipulation Needle assemblies for tissue manipulation are described herein. In creating tissue folds within the body of a patient, a tissue manipulation assembly may generally have an elongate tubular member, an engagement member slidably disposed through the tubular member and a distal end adapted to engage tissue via a helical member, tissue stabilizing members positioned at the tubular member distal end which are adapted to stabilize tissue therebetween, and a delivery tube pivotable about the tissue stabilizer. A needle deployment assembly is deployable through the tissue manipulation assembly via a handle assembly, through the tubular member, and into or through tissue. An elongate pusher is translationally disposed within a sheath of the needle deployment assembly and can be urged distally for deploying an anchor assembly from the sheath distal end. The anchor assembly is positioned distally of the pusher within the sheath.
US08236008B2	Microdermabrasion treatment heads An abrasive tip is used to exfoliate skin and tissue through abrasive materials integrated in the tip. The tip also delivers fluid to the skin and vacuums the fluid and abraded tissue during treatment. Treated skin will look younger and healthier in appearance. In an implementation, the tip is replaceable and disposable.

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