| Document | Document Title |
|---|---|
| US07953294B2 |
Reshaping a camera image
Apparatuses, computer media, and methods for altering a camera image, in which the source image may be angularly displaced from a camera image. A plurality of points on the camera image is located and a mesh is generated. Compensation information based on the displacement is determined, and a reshaped image is rendered from the mesh, the compensation information, and the camera image. The camera image is reshaped by relocating a proper subset of the points on the camera image. Deformation vectors are applied to corresponding points on the mesh using the compensation information. A correction factor is obtained from an angular displacement and a translation displacement of the source image from the camera image. The deformation factor is multiplied by the compensation factor to form a deformation vector to compensate for angular and translational displacements of the source image from the camera image. |
| US07953292B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit device and rendering processing display system
An image captured from a camera is subjected to distortion correction processing performed in real time with high accuracy at low cost and is rendered as a smooth image. The image captured from the camera via a capture circuit is stored in a frame memory of a rendering memory unit, and is then subjected to image correction processing by a rendering processing unit. The rendering processing unit adds control points to the image based on distortion information stored in a correction information storing unit, and performs processing so that a shape of a mesh region formed when the control points of the image are connected to one another becomes square by moving the control points. This processing is corrected using, for example, a bilinear filter and the like. |
| US07953291B2 |
System and methods for automatic parameter determination in machine vision
The present invention provides a system and methods for automatic parameter determination in machine vision in general, and in object recognition in particular. Many machine vision systems use algorithms that demand the user to specify one or more parameters in order to adapt the behavior of the algorithm in dependence of the current application. This is not desirable because the complexity of the algorithm should be hidden from the user and a manual parameter determination is contrary to a desirable high degree of automation. The present invention provides a method to automatically determine the most frequently used parameters in machine vision solely based on the input image itself. The method is explained in detail using an object recognition system as an example. In particular, the model generation process based on a model image of the object is explained. However, also other systems that use edge extraction algorithms, for example, can benefit from the present invention. |
| US07953290B2 |
System and methods for automatic parameter determination in machine vision
The present invention provides a system and methods for automatic parameter determination in machine vision in general, and in object recognition in particular. Many machine vision systems use algorithms that demand the user to specify one or more parameters in order to adapt the behavior of the algorithm in dependence of the current application. This is not desirable because the complexity of the algorithm should be hidden from the user and a manual parameter determination is contrary to a desirable high degree of automation. The present invention provides a method to automatically determine the most frequently used parameters in machine vision solely based on the input image itself. The method is explained in detail using an object recognition system as an example. In particular, the model generation process based on a model image of the object is explained. However, also other systems that use edge extraction algorithms, for example, can benefit from the present invention. |
| US07953288B2 |
Edge transition detection in a high-addressable error diffusion environment
What is disclosed is a novel system and method for edge transition detection when improve print quality when rendering via high-addressable vector error diffusion in an image processing environment. In order to detect an “ideal” edge and compensate for the adverse effects described in the background hereof, local pixels are detected and local gradient values are calculated and compared against an adjustable threshold to determine the interpolation method needed for that particular pixel. A nearest neighbor interpolation is performed when a local gradient exceeds a predetermined threshold. For example, if the difference between two successive pixels is greater than “200”, nearest-neighbor interpolation is used to calculate the intermediate sub-pixel level(s). Otherwise linear interpolation is used. Dynamically switching between these two interpolation schemes significantly improves the integrity and sharpness of the edges. There is no loss of error information distributed to downstream pixels thereby preserving the gray integrity of the input. |
| US07953286B2 |
Automatic contrast enhancement
In a process for enhancing contrast of an image having pixels in different brightness intensities, a histogram in discrete bins is generated. Each bin represents a pixel population of at least one pixel brightness intensity. A peak and a peak region of the histogram is then identified, wherein the peak region is a range of discrete bins around the peak. An average pixel population within the peak region is computed, and the pixel populations of the discrete bins within the peak region that exceeds the average pixel population are distributed. A transfer curve for mapping onto the image is then generated. The process can be used in an image processor for enhancing contrast of an image having pixel. Still further, a display having a receiver and a screen can include the foregoing image processor. |
| US07953285B2 |
Method and circuit of high performance variable length coding and decoding for image compression
The differential value of the adjacent pixels is calculated firstly and is coded by a VLC coding. The VLC coding includes codes representing the Quotient and Remainder with a marker bit inserted in between. The divider is predicted with no code in the coded data stream. If three pixel components are presented in the same clock time, three VLC encoders and three VLD decoders are applied to encode and decode one pixel at a time. During encoding, both Remainder and Quotient of the same pixel component are encoded in parallel followed. During decoding, both Remainder and Quotient of the same pixel component are decoded in parallel and the results of the first pixel component are used a reference to decode the second pixel component which adopts the same decoding procedure and the decoded results of the second pixel component is used as reference to decode the third pixel component. |
| US07953283B2 |
Portable terminal
A portable terminal including an input unit (1001), through which images are entered, an encoding unit (1002) operable to encode the input images, thereby providing encoded data, a transmitting unit (1003) operable to transmit the encoded data to a communication counterpart, a receiving unit (1006) operable to receive communication counterpart-related information from the communication counterpart, and a mode-determining unit operable to determine an encoding method. The mode-determining unit receives the information on each of the self-terminal and the communication counterpart, thereby providing the determined encoding method. As a result, even when each of the self-terminal and the communication counterpart retains a sufficient level of remaining battery power, the encoding method is properly changed to suppress unwanted power consumption, whereby communication between the self-terminal and the communication counterpart can be made for a longer period of time. |
| US07953281B2 |
Encoded image signal conversion method and apparatus
A transcoding method and apparatus designed to reduce, with a high picture quality, the computation processing volume required for transcoding are provided. A recording and reproduction apparatus 100 includes an encoder 101, a transcoder 102, an intermediate information storage memory 105, a stream storage memory 106, a compression expansion means 107, an input image storage memory 108, and a user interface 110. When performing encoding in an encoder 104 with a second compressive encoding method, the intermediate information is read from the intermediate information storage memory 105, processed into a utilizable format, and utilized during encoding with the second compressive encoding method. |
| US07953279B2 |
Combining online and offline recognizers in a handwriting recognition system
Described is a technology by which online recognition of handwritten input data is combined with offline recognition and processing to obtain a combined recognition result. In general, the combination improves overall recognition accuracy. In one aspect, online and offline recognition is separately performed to obtain online and offline character-level recognition scores for candidates (hypotheses). A statistical analysis-based combination algorithm, an AdaBoost algorithm, and/or a neural network-based combination may determine a combination function to combine the scores to produce a result set of one or more results. Online and offline radical-level recognition may be performed. For example, a HMM recognizer may generate online radical scores used to build a radical graph, which is then rescored using the offline radical recognition scores. Paths in the rescored graph are then searched to provide the combined recognition result, e.g., corresponding to the path with the highest score. |
| US07953276B2 |
Image processing apparatus, image processing method and image processing system
An image processing method of performing a color balance correction on an image, includes: determining a first value representing color and saturation of a pixel in a skin color region of the image; generating correction amount based on the first value, a second value representing ideal color and saturation of skin, and an adjusting value for adjusting a degree of the color balance correction; performing the color balance correction on the image based on the correction amount; and outputting the corrected image. The correction amount is varied depending on an output apparatus that outputs the corrected image. |
| US07953274B2 |
Digital method for matching stains
An apparatus and method for preparing a stain to match a target color of a selected substrate (e.g., wood species). The apparatus may include a computer and hardware and/or software to store a database of stain records, create or load spectral data (e.g., a digital image) of a target sample, and display images and/or process spectral data. The apparatus may facilitate stain selection, and may also dispense colorant agents and/or vehicles to create stains. The apparatus may be used in a “manual” mode (whereby a human compares database and target images and makes a selection); an “automatic” mode (whereby the computer suggests a match based on the selected substrate); or a “combination” mode (whereby the computer suggests a match and the user can then compare the suggested match with various images to achieve a final selection). |
| US07953269B2 |
Method for inspecting pattern defect occured on patterns formed on a substrate
In a pattern-defect inspection method for inspecting a defect in an inspection pattern by comparing an image of the inspection pattern with an image of a reference pattern, inspection sensitivity is adjusted in accordance with the number of corner portion and so on of the reference pattern. |
| US07953268B2 |
Methods for mobile image capture and processing of documents
The present invention relates to automated document processing and more particularly, to methods and systems for document image capture and processing using mobile devices. In accordance with various embodiments, methods and systems for document image capture on a mobile communication device are provided such that the image is optimized and enhanced for data extraction from the document as depicted. These methods and systems may comprise capturing an image of a document using a mobile communication device; transmitting the image to a server; and processing the image to create a bi-tonal image of the document for data extraction. Additionally, these methods and systems may comprise capturing a first image of a document using the mobile communication device; automatically detecting the document within the image; geometrically correcting the image; binarizing the image; correcting the orientation of the image; correcting the size of the image; and outputting the resulting image of the document. |
| US07953267B2 |
Method for the three-dimensional representation of a structure influenced by a periodic process, and medical imaging system
There is described a method for a periodic and three-dimensional representation of a periodically variable structure. A number of rotation images is generated for this purpose. The required rotations relating to the same event of the periodic process are started at intervals offset by a defined angle. From the rotation images, new image series are assembled with which three-dimensional representations relating to different phase ranges of the period are reconstructed. |
| US07953264B2 |
Classifying image features
Methods are disclosed for classifying different parts of a sample into respective classes based on an image stack that includes one or more images. |
| US07953263B2 |
X-ray CT apparatus and image processing apparatus
An X-ray CT apparatus includes a unit which extracts a high-contrast region of comparatively high X-ray attenuation coefficient from an image, units which generate an unsharp image concerning the high-contrast region, on the basis of the position of the extracted high-contrast region and a point spread function peculiar to the apparatus, and a unit which subtracts the unsharp image from the original image in order to generate a low-contrast image concerning a low-contrast region of comparatively low X-ray attenuation coefficient. |
| US07953261B2 |
Image processing apparatus and image processing method
An image processing apparatus and an image processing method which can improve efficiency of observation by a user are provided. The image processing apparatus of the present invention includes an image inputting unit configured to input a medical image including a plurality of color signals; a determining unit configured to determine whether the biological mucosa is sufficiently captured in the inputted medical image or not; and a controlling unit configured to control at least either of display or storage of the medical image based on the determination result in the determining unit. |
| US07953260B2 |
Predicting movement of soft tissue of the face in response to movement of underlying bone
Predicting movement of soft tissue of the face in response to movement of underlying bone includes storing, for first subjects, data identifying movement of soft tissue of the face in response to movement of underlying bone, and using the data to predict, for a second subject, movement of soft tissue of the face over time in response to movement of underlying bone. |
| US07953257B2 |
Sliding type thin fingerprint sensor package
A sliding type thin fingerprint sensor package defined as a sliding region and a conductive portion comprises a substrate, a fingerprint sensor chip and a metal plate. The fingerprint sensor chip is electrically connected with the substrate and a sensing region of the fingerprint sensor chip is exposed by a window of the dielectric layer. The metal plate is electrically connected with the substrate and a sliding surface of the metal plate is close to the sensing region of the fingerprint sensor chip. The sensing region and the sliding surface are exposed by the window of the dielectric layer. The sensing region of the fingerprint sensor chip and the sliding surface of the metal plate are located at the sliding region, and a plurality of external contact pads on a circuit layer of the substrate are located at the conductive portion. |
| US07953256B2 |
Method and system for detecting fingerprint spoofing
A system to detect fingerprint spoofing. In response to detecting a finger on a scanner plate, the finger is scanned to produce a scanned image of the finger. The scanned image of the finger is compared with a plurality of stored fingerprint images in a storage unit to validate an identity of a user. In response to determining that a match is found between the scanned image of the finger and one of the plurality of stored fingerprint images in the storage unit, a temperature around the scanner plate is regulated to activate sweat glands in the finger. The finger is rescanned after a predetermined period of time to produce a second scanned image of the finger. In response to determining that a sweat pattern is found in the second scanned image of the finger, access is authorized to a secure object and a message is displayed to the user. |
| US07953255B2 |
Avatars in social interactive television
Virtual environments are presented on displays along with multimedia programs to permit viewers to participate in a social interactive television environment. The virtual environments include avatars that are created and maintained in part using continually updated animation data that may be captured from cameras that monitor viewing areas in a plurality of sites. User input from the viewers may be processed in determining which viewers are presented in instances of the virtual environment. Continually updating the animation data results in avatars accurately depicting a viewer's facial expressions and other characteristics. Presence data may be collected and used to determine when to capture background images from a viewing area that may later be subtracted during the capture of animation data. Speech recognition technology may be employed to provide callouts within a virtual environment. |
| US07953254B2 |
Method and apparatus for generating meta data of content
A method and apparatus are provided for generating emotional information including a user's impressions in relation to multimedia content or meta data regarding the emotional information, and a computer readable recording medium storing the method. The meta data generating method includes receiving emotional information in relation to the content from at least one client system which receives and reproduces the content; generating meta data for an emotion using the emotional information; and coupling the meta data for the emotion to the content. Accordingly, it is possible to automatically acquire emotional information by using the facial expression of a user who is appreciating multimedia content, and use the emotional information as meta data. |
| US07953253B2 |
Face detection on mobile devices
A method for detecting a facial area on a color image includes (a) placing a search window on the color image, (b) determining if a center pixel of the search window is a skin color pixel, indicating that the search window is a possible facial area candidate, (c) applying a 3-rectangle filter to the search window to determine if the search window is a possible facial area candidate, (d) applying a 4-rectangle filter to the search window to determine if the search window is a possible facial area candidate, (e) if steps (b), (c), (d) all determine that the search window is a possible facial area candidate, applying an AdaBoost filter to the search window to determine if the search window is a facial area candidate, and (f) if step (e) determines that the search window is a facial area candidate, saving the location of the search window. |
| US07953252B2 |
Two stage detection for photographic eye artifacts
A digital image acquisition device is for acquiring digital images including one or more preview images. A face detector analyzes the one or more preview images to ascertain information relating to candidate face regions therein. A speed-optimized filter produces a first set of candidate red-eye regions based on the candidate face region information provided by the face detector. |
| US07953251B1 |
Method and apparatus for detection and correction of flash-induced eye defects within digital images using preview or other reference images
A method for red-eye detection in an acquired digital image acquiring one or more preview or other reference images without a flash. Any red regions that exist within the one or more reference images are determined. A main image is acquired with a flash of approximately a same scene as the one or more reference images. The main image is analyzed to determine any candidate red eye defect regions that exist within the main image. Any red regions determined to exist within the one or more reference images are compared with any candidate red eye defect regions determined to exist within the main image. Any candidate red eye defect regions within the main image corresponding to red regions determined also to exist within the one or more reference images are removed as candidate red eye defect regions. |
| US07953250B2 |
Method and apparatus for red-eye detection in an acquired digital image
A method for red-eye detection in an acquired digital image comprises acquiring a first image and analyzing the first acquired image to provide a plurality of characteristics indicative of image quality. The process then determines if one or more corrective processes can be beneficially applied to the first acquired image according to the characteristics. Any such corrective processes are then applied to the first acquired image. Red-eye defects are then detected in a second acquired image using the corrected first acquired image. Defect detection can comprise applying a chain of one or more red-eye filters to the first acquired image. In this case, prior to the detecting step, it is determined if the red-eye filter chain can be adapted in accordance with the plurality of characteristics; and the red-eye filter is adapted accordingly. |
| US07953245B2 |
System, method and program product for camera-based object analysis
A system, method and program product for camera-based object analyses including object recognition, object detection, and/or object categorization. An exemplary embodiment of the computerized method for analyzing objects in images obtained from a camera system includes receiving image(s) having pixels from the camera system; calculating a pool of features for each pixel; then deriving either a pool of radial moment of features from the pool of features and a geometric center of the image(s) or a pool of central moments of features from the pool of features; then calculating a normalized descriptor, based on an area of the image(s) and either of the derived pool of moments of features; and then based on the normalized descriptor, a computer then either recognizes, detects, and/or categorizes an object(s) in the image(s). |
| US07953241B2 |
Microphone assembly
A microphone assembly for mounting in an electronic communication device, and wherein the microphone assembly comprises one or more sound inlet port(s) with channels (7), and one or more microphone(s) inside a housing (1). One or more controlling means (5) are an integrated part of the microphone assembly, said controlling means comprising a sound inlet part (6) composing a button and being surrounded by a second casing part (8), the button being loaded by a spring (9). The housing (1) comprises a terminal (2) for grounding the microphone, a terminal (3) connected to e.g. a battery, and a terminal (4) for signalling out. |
| US07953240B2 |
Loudspeaker apparatus
A loudspeaker apparatus comprises a housing, an adsorptive material provided inside the housing, for physically adsorbing gas inside the housing, a vibration section including a diaphragm and provided in an opening formed in the housing, a drive section for driving the diaphragm to generate sound from the diaphragm, and a negative stiffness generating mechanism provided inside the housing, for reducing an acoustic stiffness inside the housing, the acoustic stiffness acting on the diaphragm. |
| US07953238B1 |
Multiple aperture diffraction device
A horn assembly for high frequency acoustic speakers. In an array of speakers, a spacing between adjacent speakers needs to be less than the wavelength of sound being emitted in order to combine effectively. For high frequency sound, a relatively small wavelength imposes a limitation on such a spacing. Such limitations are sometimes physically difficult to implement. A horn assembly increases the exit dimensions of the small speaker to larger desired dimensions by utilizing one or more plugs that divide a larger horn cavity into smaller horn cavities and creating similar pathlengths thereto. The similar pathlengths and the smaller horn cavities having desired dimensions allow the exiting sound to combine effectively. The overall dimensions of the exit portion of the horn assembly can be selected to match the dimensions of larger bass speakers, thus allowing improved arraying of the high frequency speakers with respect to other larger speakers. |
| US07953236B2 |
Audio user interface (UI) for previewing and selecting audio streams using 3D positional audio techniques
An audio user interface (UI) for comparing and selecting audio streams is presented. In general, the present invention allows a user to preview and navigate among multiple audio streams (audio sources) using three dimensional (3D) positional audio techniques to position the various sources in an audio field programmatically in such a way as to fool the brain into thinking the sound is located at a particular location in the space surrounding the user. When the user selects a preview mode, the various streams are placed in the space in a carousel-like manner. The user can move the sources forward or backward. As this is done, other audio streams can be added and dropped. Selecting a sound source will cause it to fill the audio field and the other sources will then cease to play. |
| US07953232B2 |
Guiding device and method of controlling the same
A guiding device controls the directivity of a sound that is reproduced from a speaker in accordance with an attribute of contents. |
| US07953230B2 |
Method and system for physiological signal processing
A method and system for processing of physiological signals is provided. The system processes information signals in subband-domain associated with the physiological signals in time-domain. The information signals are obtained by one or more over-sampled filterbanks. The method and system possibly synthesizes the subband signals obtained by subband processing. The method and system may implement the analysis, subband processing, and synthesis algorithms on over-sampled filterbanks, which are implemented on ultra low-power, small size, and low-cost platform in real-time. The method and system may use over-sampled, Weighted-Overlap Add (WOLA) filterbanks. |
| US07953227B2 |
Method for securely and automatically configuring access points
The present invention is contemplates an automatic, secure AP configuration protocol. Public/private keys and public key (PK) methods are used to automatically establish a mutual trust relationship and a secure channel between an AP and at least one configuration server. An AP automatically forwards a location identifier to the configuration server, and the configuration server delivers common, AP specific, and location specific configuration parameters to the AP. |
| US07953219B2 |
Method apparatus and system for capturing and analyzing interaction based content
The present invention provides a method and apparatus (100) for capturing and analyzing customer interactions, the apparatus comprising a multi-segment interaction capture device (324), an initial set up and calibration device (326), a pre-processing and context extraction device (328) and a rule-based analysis engine (300). |
| US07953217B2 |
System and method for providing a call back option for callers to a call center
A system and method for providing a call back option to a customer of a call center. According to one embodiment, the system includes a telecommunications switch and an automatic call distributor in communication with the telecommunications switch via first and second communications links. The system also includes means for providing the customer with a call back option in response to a first call from the customer, wherein the first call is routed to the automatic call distributor by the telecommunications switch over the first communications link, and means for establishing a second call between the automatic call distributor and the customer over the second communications link when the customer accepts the call back option. |
| US07953216B2 |
Systems and methods for RFID-based access management of electronic devices
Disclosed are systems and methods for preventing unauthorized persons from using an electronic device within a facility. In such an embodiment, the system may include a plurality of RFID tags each having unique identification information associated with a wearer of one of the RFID tags. This system may also include an RFID reader associated with the electronic device and having an RFID coverage zone for detecting RFID tags within the coverage zone. A device management system may be connected to the reader and configured to determine whether wearers in the coverage zone are authorized to use the electronic device based at least in part on detected RFID tags' unique identification information. In such an embodiment, the device management system is configured to activate the electronic device if it determines only authorized wearers are detected in the coverage zone, and to deactivate the electronic device if it determines an unauthorized wearer is detected in the coverage zone. |
| US07953215B2 |
Address information-exchange system, communication terminal device, server apparatus, address information-exchange method, and recording medium
The present invention relates to address-information changing and allows for changing automatically address information registered with a communication destination. Upon receiving a change notification transmitted from a communication terminal device including a mobile phone or the like with changed profile information, address information relating to a source-communication terminal device is changed in a destination-communication terminal device including another mobile phone or the like and a response notification indicating a result of the change is transmitted. Subsequently, the communication terminal device with the changed profile information can change the address information of the communication destination and confirm the changing of the address information. Further, the address information can be changed automatically and the changing can be confirmed automatically. |
| US07953214B2 |
Caller ID system with retransmitted caller ID information
Upon detecting an incoming call, a call screening system determines the CALLER ID information associated with the call and compares it to a database of allowable calling parties. If the calling party is to be allowed to ring through, the call screening system routes the incoming call to one or more communication devices associated with the calling party information in the allowable calling party database. Incoming call screening may be selectively different during different times of the day, for different calling parties, or for different communications devices connected to the call screening device. The call screening device may thus switch between allowing all incoming calls to ring through except those specifically designated to be blocked and screening all incoming calls except those specifically designated to be permitted to ring through. One or more override codes entered in a touch-tone keypad by the calling party may permit an incoming call to ring through despite an active screening mode. |
| US07953212B2 |
Method and system for call, facsimile and electronic message forwarding
A method and system are provided for forwarding telephone calls, facsimile transmissions and electronic messages to a single forwarding telephone number. The telephone calls, fax transmissions and electronic messages are first forwarded to a central forwarding repository by the forwarding party where the fax transmissions, and messages are converted to audio formats. Forwarded telephone calls and audio formatted versions of the fax transmissions and electronic messages are then forwarded directly to a designated forwarding number. If the forwarding party answers at the forwarding number, she will receive forwarded calls, and the audio formatted versions of fax transmissions and electronic messages will be played to her over her telephone. If the forwarding party does not answer the forwarded call, she subsequently may retrieve saved telephone calls, saved telephone messages and saved audio versions of fax transmissions and electronic messages from the central forwarding repository. The forwarding party may retrieve saved messages as a retrieving party from the central forwarding repository after entry of a personal identification number to authenticate the forwarding (retrieving) party's permission to retrieve saved calls and messages. |
| US07953210B2 |
Switch proxy for providing emergency stand-alone service in remote access systems
A switch proxy comprising a controller, a translations database and a switching fabric are connected to a trunk group between a remote terminal and its controlling local switching system. The switch proxy monitors control and alarm signals to and from the switching system on the trunk. In the event of loss of control signals from the host switching system, the switch proxy intercepts requests for service, etc. from a calling telephone connected to the remote terminal and performs a look up in the translation database. If the call can be completed without the controlling switching system the call is looped back to the remote terminal. The translation database is maintained by a switch proxy management system that receives change orders from the local exchange carrier. The switch proxy management system forwards relevant changes to the switch proxy's translation database in the field. |
| US07953208B2 |
X-ray radiation diaphragm and control method therefor, and CT device embodying same
A collimator device has at least one masking device that is adjustable between two end positions for collimation of a beam fan in an x-ray CT device, wherein the x-ray fan is schematically not masked in a first end position. The x-ray beam is more than half-masked in a second end position of the masking device. In a method for operation of such a collimator device as well as an x-ray CT device for examination of a subject having an x-ray source, a collimator device, and a control device for regulation of the aperture width of the masking device, an x-ray detector is arranged opposite the x-ray source and the collimator device and that detects the x-rays modified due to the intervening examination subject; and an image construction device reconstructs an image of the examination subject therefrom. |
| US07953206B2 |
Radiographic image detection apparatus
In a radiographic image detection apparatus that can perform long-size radiography on a region of a patient that is larger than the detection range of a radiographic image detector, inclination of a radiographic image is corrected at high speed. The inclination angle of the radiographic image detector at each position Z within the movement range of the radiographic image detector is stored in a yawing table. When the inclination of the radiographic image is corrected, the inclination angle of the radiographic image detector is extracted from the yawing table based on the position at which each of the radiographic images is obtained, and the inclination angle of the radiographic image is corrected. |
| US07953203B2 |
Orthovoltage radiosurgery
A radiosurgery system is described that is configured to deliver a therapeutic dose of radiation to a target structure in a patient. In some embodiments, inflammatory ocular disorders are treated, specifically macular degeneration. In some embodiments, other disorders or tissues of a body are treated with the dose of radiation. In some embodiments, the target tissues are placed in a global coordinate system based on ocular imaging. In some embodiments, the target tissues inside the global coordinate system lead to direction of an automated positioning system that is directed based on the target tissues within the coordinate system. In some embodiments, a treatment plan is utilized in which beam energy and direction and duration of time for treatment is determined for a specific disease to be treated and/or structures to be avoided. In some embodiments, a fiducial marker is used to identify the location of the target tissues. In some embodiments, an eye is held with force and in alignment with the system. In some embodiments, the device automatically turns off with excessive movement outside of alignment along an axis of the eye. In some embodiments, radiodynamic therapy is described in which radiosurgery is used in combination with other treatments and can be delivered concomitant with, prior to, or following other treatments. |
| US07953198B2 |
Frame synchronisation scheme with interference reduction
A frame synchronization is proposed for a multi-band communication system, wherein a data signal exchanged between a transmitter and a receiver is organized in system frames having a preamble section which contains a frame synchronization section that is composed of a number of symbol frames, each of which is in turn composed of a defined number of slots, whereby each slot corresponds to an individual transmission frequency band. The method comprises steps for transmitting the data signal containing a synchronization signal in one or more slots of every other symbol frame of the frame synchronization section, processing only data signal components selected from transmission frequency bands required for the synchronization signal transmission, and subtracting the processed data signal from its shifted copy, whereby the copy is shifted by one symbol frame. |
| US07953193B2 |
Sparse channel equalization
Sparse channel equalization may be achieved by receiving a signal via a multi-path communication channel. The equalization then continues by extracting sparse information regarding the multiple path communication channel from the signal. Such sparse information generally indicates the position of the signals received via each of the multiple paths. The equalization then continues by estimating a channel response of the multiple path communication channel based on the sparse information. The equalization then continues by generating equalization taps (or coefficients) based on the channel response. The equalization then continues by equalizing the signal based on the equalization taps. |
| US07953187B2 |
Likelihood detector apparatus and method
A method and apparatus for receiving a stream of data values from a data medium, wherein the received data values correspond to ideal values but may include added noise that is dependent on previous noise and dependent on data on the data medium, said ideal values being determined by possible values of data on the medium, and for outputting information specifying a sequence of states corresponding to the stream of received data values, said sequence of states corresponding to possible data values on the medium, the apparatus comprising: a first detector, for calculating state sequence likelihood information based on a first noise model and received data values, and for providing said state sequence likelihood information to a second detector; a second detector for calculating weighting values indicating likelihoods that a data value received at a particular time corresponds to a particular state transition, using a second noise model, received data values, and state sequence likelihood information from the first detector; a traceback unit for determining a most likely sequence of data values using said calculated weighting values; and an output for outputting information specifying said determined sequence of states. |
| US07953182B2 |
Quadrature modulation without carrier
Transmitters, receivers and associated methods are disclosed for providing phase and amplitude modulation in a carrier-less communication system (e.g., an ultra-wide band communication system). An approximate quadrature signal is provided by delaying the in-phase signal by an amount determined by various criteria, such as the bandwidths of the component signals, minimizing the mean square error between an approximate quadrature signal and the true quadrature signal, and minimizing the auto-correlation function of the in-phase signal. |
| US07953178B2 |
Apparatus and method for detecting signal in a broadband wireless access system
An apparatus and method for signal detection in a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) system are provided, in which in a transmitter, a first preamble sequence generator generates preamble sequences, a low-Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) preamble sequence selector selects a first low-PAPR preamble sequence from among the generated preamble sequences, a preamble sequence copier copies the first low-PAPR preamble sequence at least once and outputs the first low-PAPR preamble sequence and the at least one copy, a complex conjugator generates preamble sequences orthogonal to the first low-PAPR preamble sequence and the at least one copy by calculating complex conjugates of the first low-PAPR preamble sequence and the at least one copy, and a second preamble sequence generator generates at least one second low-PAPR preamble sequence using the first low-PAPR preamble sequence. |
| US07953177B2 |
Radio communication apparatus capable of switching modulation schemes
A radio communication apparatus that is capable of switching modulation schemes. The radio communication apparatus includes a QPSK modulation signal generator, a QAM modulation signal generator, a transmission radio, and a common transmission power amplifier. The QPSK modulation signal generator modulates transmission data by a QPSK modulation scheme and outputs a QPSK modulation signal. The QAM modulation signal generator modulates transmission data by a QAM scheme and outputs a QAM modulation signal. The transmission radio receives the QPSK modulation signal or the QAM modulation signal and outputs a transmission signal, which is amplified by the common transmission power amplifier. The QPSK modulation signal generator and the QAM modulation signal generator each output signal component that make an average transmission power of the QAM modulation signal in the common transmission power amplifier smaller than an average transmission power of the QPSK modulation signal in the common transmission power amplifier. |
| US07953172B2 |
Apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving signal in a communication system
Disclosed is an apparatus and method for transmitting/receiving a signal in a communication system, in which an MCS level or a modulation scheme to be used to an information vector to be transmitted is determined when the information vector is generated, and a codeword vector is generated by encoding the information vector in an encoding scheme corresponding to the determined MCS level or modulation scheme. Thus, a signal can be transmitted in such a manner as to have optimal performance for each MCS level or modulation scheme. |
| US07953168B2 |
Receiver, transmission method and transmission system
To reduce the influence of inter-block interference even when the order number of the channel (physically corresponding to the impulse response length of the channel) is larger than the CP length. A receiver 20 for a transmission system using a block including a plurality of symbols, comprises a transfer function estimating part 21 which estimates a transfer function of a channel, and an inter-block interference component generating part 24 which generates a replica of an inter-block interference component from a previous block to a current block in accordance with the transfer function h estimated in the transfer function estimating part 21 and a received signal s(n−1) of the previous block, wherein the inter-block interference component of a received signal is reduced by using the replica of the inter-block interference component. |
| US07953164B2 |
System and method for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system
A system for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system comprises a receiver stage for receiving a modulated signal, a demodulation stage for demodulating the received modulated signal to produce a demodulated signal, a channel estimation stage for processing the demodulated signal to provide an output signal corresponding to a channel frequency response and an equalization stage arranged to process the output signal from the channel estimation stage to produce a channel state information signal. The equalization stage is arranged to use the channel state information signal to operate on the demodulated signal from the demodulation stage to produce an equalized demodulated output signal. There is also disclosed a method for performing LS equalization on a signal in an OFDM system. |
| US07953163B2 |
Block linear equalization in a multicarrier communication system
A method and apparatus for channel equalization in a multi-carrier communication system. The method may include receiving a symbol having multiple sub-carriers and reducing an error on at least one of the sub-carriers of the symbol by adding to it, one or more weighted multiples of other sub-carriers. The added weighted multiples may be from neighboring sub-carriers in the same symbol and/or from other symbols in a tone, for example, a previous or next symbol. The apparatus may include a reduced-complexity block linear equalizer. |
| US07953160B2 |
Method and apparatus for compressing video sequences
A method and apparatus for compressing a plurality of video sequences, is provided where each sequence has information that is common with other video sequences. The ensemble encodes the video sequences into an MPEG compliant transport stream using less predicted frame information than separately encoding each video sequence. One illustrative application involves efficiently encoding and transmitting a user interface such as a program guide, interactive program guide, electronic program guide, navigator and the like. The user interface is illustratively embodied in an interactive program guide (IPG). |
| US07953159B2 |
Receiving apparatus and receiving method
There is provided a receiving apparatus configured to extract particular information from multiple pieces of information included in a received signal, the receiving apparatus including: an extraction condition storage circuit 21 configured to store a first extraction condition for detecting a particular data pattern which identifies the particular information and a second extraction condition for supplementing the first extraction condition; a grouping circuit 22 configured to divide and collect the first extraction condition based on the second extraction condition to output multiple group extraction conditions; and determination circuit 23 configured to determine whether or not the data patterns of the multiple pieces of information satisfy the multiple group extraction conditions. |
| US07953157B2 |
Digital broadcasting system and data processing method
A digital broadcasting system and a method of processing data are disclosed, which are robust to error when mobile service data are transmitted. To this end, additional encoding is performed for the mobile service data, whereby it is possible to strongly cope with fast channel change while giving robustness to the mobile service data. |
| US07953156B2 |
System and method for encoding and decoding enhancement layer data using descriptive model parameters
There is provided an image encoding system (300, 400) including an encoder (300) for receiving input image data and generating corresponding encoded image output data. The encoder includes image processing features (310, 320, 330, 360) for processing said input image data to generate for each input image therein a plurality of corresponding image layers including at least one basic layer BLOP and at least one enhancement layer ELOP. Moreover, the encoder (300) further includes encoding features (350) for receiving said image layers and generating therefrom the encoded image output data. The encoding features further comprising block selecting features (340) for selecting one or more sub-regions of said at least one enhancement layer and modelling said one or more sub-regions for representation thereof in the image output data by way of descriptive model parameters. |
| US07953155B2 |
Methods of selecting an encoding mode
Information needed to generate an encoded version of a matrix of j transform coefficients c0 . . . cj−1 representing a block of digital video data is determined by forming a numerical signature σ of the matrix and looking up a value for the information needed in an array employing the signature σ as an index to the array. |
| US07953154B2 |
Image coding device and image coding method
In the motion search in the inter-frame prediction coding, parameters necessary for the motion search, such as sample-point spacing and sample-point number in the step search, are controlled using a unit for calculating the complexity of an image and a unit for estimating the movement amount of the image. This configuration makes it possible to provide the scheme for searching for the high-speed and high-accuracy motion vector, and the image coding device for performing this motion search. |
| US07953151B2 |
Motion vector detecting apparatus
A first block size motion searching device (4) detects a motion vector with respect to each of blocks by a unit of variable blocks in the smallest first block size. A feature value extracting device (6) detects a feature value between the adjacent blocks. A motion search determining device (7) determines by utilizing the feature value whether or not the motion search should be executed in the second to nth block sizes. A search center generating device (8), a search area generating device (9) and a selected block size motion searching device (10) selects the second to nth block sizes and detects the motion vector. A block size determining device (11) determines the block size having a high efficiency. |
| US07953148B2 |
Signal compressing system
A multi-scanner scans a signal according to several different patterns. A scanning pattern selector determines which scanning pattern produced the most efficient coding result, for example, for runlength coding, and outputs a coded signal, coded most efficiently, and a selection signal which identifies the scanning pattern found to be most efficient. |
| US07953145B2 |
Pulse width modulation signal generating circuit
A PWM signal generating circuit outputs a stable PWM signal for increasing and decreasing a duty ratio at a predetermined rate within a predetermined period without requiring an improvement of a process capacity of a CPU as compared to a conventional PWM signal generating circuit. The PWM signal generating circuit consists of a plurality of circuit elements each of which outputs a digital signal. A first counter circuit periodically changes a PWM signal output therefrom into an active state. A second counter circuit changes the PWM signal, which has been changed into the active state by the first counter circuit, into an inactive state within each cycle. The second counter circuit increases and decreases an active-to-inactive time period from a time when the PWM signal is changed into the active state to a time when the PWM signal is changed into the inactive state. |
| US07953142B2 |
Variable code-tracking loop with improved signal dynamics, loop noise, and sensitivity
A variable code-tracking loop filter in a receiver having the ability to change its parameters multiple times in response to received signals. Parameters for the code-tracking loop filter may be varied based on phase and frequency errors from an error detector. In one implementation, the code-tracking loop filter is able to repeatedly vary a single parameter, such as its received bandwidth, based on the phase and frequency errors, while in another, the code-tracking loop filter may vary two or more parameters, such as the loop bandwidth and the natural frequency. |
| US07953140B2 |
Method and apparatus to process dedicated pilot bits from multiple fingers
A method to process DP bits from multiple fingers within a WCDMA rake receiver is provided. DPCH pilot symbols are received, quantized and channel compensated. Then processing operations for individual fingers for the channel compensated quantized despread DPCH pilot symbols are chosen based on the DPCH slot format. The DPCH pilot symbols are processed based on the DPCH slot format in order to produce processed DPCH pilot symbols in a common format. These processed symbols may then be combined. Other embodiments may further allow for the computation of an SNR estimate based on the combined DPCH pilot symbols. |
| US07953139B2 |
Interference cancellation in a spread spectrum communication system
A code division multiple access communication system transmits a pilot and traffic signal over a shared spectrum. The pilot and traffic signal have an associated code and are received over the shared spectrum. The received signals are sampled and the samples are delayed to produce a window. A weighted value for each despread pilot code window sample is determined using an adaptive algorithm. Each window sample is despread with a traffic code. Each despread traffic code window sample is weighted according to a weight corresponding to its respective pilot code sample. |
| US07953138B2 |
Method and system for an efficient channel quantization method for MIMO pre-coding systems
A method and system for processing communication signals is provided and may comprise, quantizing a channel estimate at a MIMO receiver onto a codebook based on a cost function, wherein the codebook comprises a plurality of unitary matrices. A codebook index may be fed back from the MIMO receiver to a MIMO transmitter, wherein the codebook index is associated with one of the plurality of unitary matrices that minimizes the cost function. The cost function may be minimized by choosing a smallest scalar cost from a plurality of scalar costs, wherein each one of the scalar costs is generated from one or more sums and one or more products of elements of a product matrix, and wherein the product matrix is generated from one of the plurality of unitary matrices, a matrix comprising the channel estimate, and their respective Hermitian Transposes. |
| US07953137B2 |
Method and apparatus for generating and transmitting code sequence in a wireless communication system
A method of generating a code sequence in a wireless communication system is disclosed. More specifically, the method includes recognizing a desired length of the code sequence, generating a code sequence having a length different from the desired length, and modifying the length of the generated code sequence to equal the desired length. Here, the step of modifying includes discarding at least one element of the generated code sequence or inserting at least one null element to the generated code sequence. |
| US07953131B2 |
Frequency synthesizer and frequency synthesizing method using optical injection locking
The present invention relates to an optical frequency synthesizer and an optical frequency synthesizing method using femtosecond laser optical injection locking, which inject a femtosecond laser optical frequency comb into a diode laser, thus obtaining single-mode laser light, phase-locked to only a single mode in the optical frequency comb, and which change the optical frequency and interval, that is, the repetition rate, of a femtosecond laser, together with the frequency of a semiconductor laser, thus scanning optical frequencies while realizing a single desired optical frequency. The optical frequency synthesizer using femtosecond laser optical injection locking, includes a mode-locked femtosecond laser (110), which is a master laser, and a diode laser (120), which is a slave laser and into which laser light emitted from the femtosecond laser is injected. |
| US07953129B2 |
Laser light source device, exposure device, and mask inspection device using this laser light source device
A laser light source device 1, comprising M number of laser light sources, of which frequency is shifted from a fundamental frequency by (m−1)·a·Δω, a first laser light source section 2 and a first fiber amplifier section 4 for amplifying these laser lights, a first optical multiplexer 6 for approximately coaxially superimposing the laser lights emitted from the first fiber amplifier section 4 and emitting the laser lights, a first wavelength conversion device 9 for multiplying the frequency of the laser lights emitted from the first optical multiplexer 6 by A, M number of laser light sources, of which frequency is shifted from the fundamental frequency by (m−1)·b·Δω, a second laser light source section 3 and a second fiber amplifier section 5 for amplifying these laser lights, a second optical multiplexer 7 for approximately coaxially superimposing the laser lights emitted from the second fiber amplifier section 5 and emitting the laser lights, a second wavelength conversion device 10 for multiplying the frequency of the laser lights emitted from the second optical multiplexer 7 by B, and a third wavelength conversion device 11 for simultaneously receiving the laser lights emitted from the first and second wavelength conversion devices 9 and 10 and converting the laser lights into laser lights, of which frequency is (A+B) times the fundamental frequency, the laser light source device 1 being characterized in that the expression A·a+B·b=0 is satisfied. |
| US07953128B2 |
Pump recycling scheme for terahertz generation
Structures and techniques are disclosed that enable efficient generation of terahertz (THz) radiation capable of surpassing the fundamental quantum limit, as defined by the Manley-Rowe relations. In one particular embodiment, a difference frequency mixing (DFM) crystal stage receives pump radiation and signal radiation, and generates THz radiation. Leftover signal radiation from the DFM stage is then used to pump an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) stage, which is used to generate another mixing signal and more THz radiation. The output signal and the residual pump from the OPO stage can then be used in a subsequent DFM process to generate even more terahertz radiation, and further drives a subsequent OPO stage. Such cascaded OPO, DFM, OPO staging can be repeated to maximize total amount of THz output power. |
| US07953126B2 |
Fiber laser processing method and fiber laser processing apparatus
A fiber laser processing apparatus controls a LD drive current ILD in a power feedback control mode (FIG. 3E) such that output of a fiber laser beam FB rises substantially from zero or a value around zero to a preceding level having no substantial effect on laser processing and arrives at a desired level (PA) for the laser processing from a preceding level PB after a first time period (preceding pulse width TB) has elapsed (time point t2 of FIGS. 3A to 3F) from the start of the rising to the preceding level (time point t1 of FIGS. 3A to 3F), and this may effectively prevent occurrence of a high-peak pulse HP at the rising edge of the fiber laser beam FB (FIG. 3F). |
| US07953119B2 |
Method and apparatus for transmitting/receiving downlink synchronization channels in a cellular communication system supporting scalable bandwidth
Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for transmitting a downlink Synchronization CHannel (SCH) in an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)-based cellular wireless communication system supporting a scalable bandwidth. Herein, initial cell search and neighbor cell search are seamlessly performed. The disclosed method and apparatus disclose a synchronization channel structure applicable to both a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system and a Time Division Duplex (TDD) system. |
| US07953117B2 |
Home networking system
One embodiment relates to a network. The network includes a first splitter having an input port and N output ports. A first network node is associated with a first of the N output ports. A second network node is associated with a second of the N output ports and is adapted to receive signals communicated from the first network node through the first splitter. Other apparatuses and methods are also set forth. |
| US07953115B2 |
Wireless packet communication method
When a transmission rate of each of lines that transmit data simultaneously between two STAs by using a plurality of radio channels and/or MIMO can be set independently, one data frame is fragmented in accordance with the transmission rates of the respective lines so as to generate a plurality of data packets having the same packet time length and data sizes equal to or smaller than a maximum data size. Those data packets are transmitted simultaneously by using a plurality of radio channels, or one radio channel and MIMO, or a plurality of radio channels and MIMO. |
| US07953112B2 |
Variable bandwidth communication systems and methods
A variable bandwidth communication system includes a first and a second communication station, coupled for continuous, bi-directional communication. The first communication station is capable of transmitting at a first and a second bandwidth, and is capable of receiving at a third and a fourth bandwidth. The second communication station is capable of receiving at the first and second bandwidth and is capable of transmitting at the third and fourth bandwidth. The transmitting bandwidth of each station is selectable by the user. The second bandwidth is greater than the first and the fourth bandwidth is greater than the third. Preferably, but not necessarily, the first and third bandwidth like the second and fourth bandwidth are about the same. The first communication system can display communication received at the fourth bandwidth at the first bandwidth, and the second communication system can display communications received at the second bandwidth at the third bandwidth. |
| US07953109B1 |
System for controlling optical transceivers
An input/output section for producing a disable signal at a data transmitter enable/disable terminal of a transceiver in response to the transmit disable enable at the disable signal port of a processor independent of the transmit control signal at the transmit signal port of source of data to be transmitted by the transceiver. |
| US07953106B2 |
Transmission apparatus
In a transmission apparatus of a Gigabit Ethernet signal, in order to improve line efficiency, time division multiplexing is used. Further, if it is possible to branch/insert plural multiplexed Gigabit Ethernet signals at arbitrary nodes, it is possible to construct a more flexible network. For this reason, importance of a time division multiplexing apparatus having a function of branching/inserting Gigabit Ethernet signals is growing. A Gigabit Ethernet signal is monitored at the previous and subsequent stages of a cross connect unit, IFGs are inserted to the signal and switching is waited. If a signal state at the cross connection unit is an IFG, transmission path switching is performed, thereby performing transmission path switching without instantaneous interruption. |
| US07953104B2 |
Transmission protection for communications networks having stations operating with different modulation formats
A technique to allow enhanced stations and legacy stations to work with each other without the inefficiencies of signaling overhead in the prior art is disclosed. An enhanced station transmits an initial, short frame using a modulation compatible with legacy stations. The frame sets the duration for a frame exchange—consisting of a data frame, followed by acknowledgement frame—in which the data frame is transmitted using an enhanced modulation format. The duration specified in the transmitted initial frame covers the time interval of the subsequent frame exchange. All stations, including legacy stations, listen in on the frame exchange and refrain subsequently from transmitting spontaneously for the time interval covered by the duration. Alternatively, the frame exchange can comprise multiple data frames with corresponding acknowledgement frames. The enhanced station can also transmit, during the remaining frame exchange, one or more intermediate frames that indicate duration. |
| US07953101B2 |
Encoding fibre channel over ethernet transport
In one embodiment, data words and ordered sets in a Fibre Channel data stream are formed into a group and the ordered sets are moved to the beginning word positions of the group. The ordered sets are encoded so that a control character in the first byte of the ordered set is replaced with a control code byte encoding the original location of the ordered set in the group, the identity of the control character replaced by the control code byte, and whether the following word is an ordered set. |
| US07953098B2 |
Method for limiting utilizing terminal of contents, and storage device and system for method
The invention flexibly limits a terminal able to play content and prevents unfair utilization of the content. In one embodiment, an identifier proper to each terminal device is allocated to discriminate each playback equipment. The identifier of a terminal which is allowed to play the content is registered to this license. When the content is played, authentication is performed between the terminal device as a license transfer destination and a memory device as a license transfer source. The identifier of the terminal device itself is transmitted to the memory device as a transfer source at an authenticating time. The memory device collates the identifier sent from the terminal device with an identifier registered to the license. If these identifiers are the same identifier, the memory device transfers the license to the terminal device. In contrast to this, if these identifiers are different identifiers, the memory device stops the transfer of the license. |
| US07953097B2 |
Neighbour discovery protocol mediation
The invention is directed to providing NDP mediation over an IP interworking VLL. ICMPv6 Neighbor Discovery and Inverse Neighbor Discovery messages are intercepted by provider edge (PE) devices to learn both IPv6 interface addresses and link-layer addresses of customer edge (CE) devices before forwarding the messages to the CE devices, and in some cases after altering the messages to make them more meaningful to the receiving CE devices. In this manner, the CE device interface addresses do not need to be communicated over the LDP control link, as in IPv4 ARP Mediation. |
| US07953096B2 |
Method and system for communication using a partial designated transit list
A communication system includes a source PNNI node. The system includes a destination PNNI node. The system includes a network having logical group nodes representing peer groups through which the source node and the destination node communicate by establishing an SPVC using a DTL which identifies the group nodes representing the peer groups with only a partial node ID. A method for communicating includes the steps of forming a DTL which identifies logical group nodes representing peer groups with only a partial node ID. There is the step of establishing an SPVC using the DTL through which a source PNNI node and a destination PNNI node of a network communicate. |
| US07953088B2 |
Method and apparatus for packet classification and rewriting
In one embodiment, a method for processing a packet is disclosed. The method includes classifying the packet and determining an action to be taken with regard to the packet. Classifying the packet includes using information in the packet to perform the classification. The determination made as to the action to be taken with regard to the packet is based on the classifying that is performed, and is performed using a plurality of rules. At least one of the rules is configurable. The information in the packet is related to time-to-live (TTL) data corresponding to the packet. |
| US07953084B2 |
Predictive multicast cache
A method is provided for distributing multicast channels from a multicast/predictive multicast cache located in at least one selected network device of a multicast network. The network device upon receiving a channel request from an end-user transmits the requested channel from the multicast cache if the requested channel is available in the multicast cache. Else, the network device requests the multicast source for the requested channel along with a group of one or more multicast channels centered at the requested channel. The network device transmits only the requested channel and other channels are cached in the multicast cache on the network device. Upon receiving a request for removing a channel the network device caches the channel for a prescribed duration before evicting the channel. |
| US07953083B1 |
Multicast query propagation scheme for a peer-to-peer (P2P) network
A multicast query propagation scheme for a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network is provided. A number of first level (L1) peer nodes are associated with a second level (L2) peer node to form an L1 peer group. The L2 peer node operates as a super peer node for the L1 peer group and allocates two Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) channels operating as a control and query channel for the L1 peer group. Similarly, a number of other L1 peer groups are formed. An L2 peer group is formed by a third level (L3) peer node and the L2 peer nodes. The L3 peer node operates as a super peer node for the L3 peer group and allocates two SSM channels operating as a control and query channel for the L2 peer group. Using the control and query channels of the L1 and L2 peer groups, queries are propagated throughout the P2P network. |
| US07953082B2 |
Method and system for packet classification with reduced memory space and enhanced access speed
A method and system for packet classification is proposed for applications such as firewalls, intrusion detection, policy-based routing, and network service differentiations, within network systems such as Internet or intranet/extranet systems. The proposed method and system is characterized by the use of protocol-oriented rule rearrangement, the probable bit vector (PBV) based on the aggregated bit vectors (ABV) and folded bit vectors (FBV), an ABV-FBV index table dataset whose data structure is based on a featured split full-tree schema, and a DCBV (Don't-Care Bit Vector) dataset for packet classification. The combination of these features allows the packet classification to be implemented with a reduced amount of memory and access time during operation. |
| US07953074B2 |
Apparatus and method for port polarity initialization in a shared I/O device
An apparatus and method are provided that enable I/O devices to be shared among multiple operating system domains. The apparatus includes a first plurality of I/O ports, a second I/O port, and a plurality of port initialization logic elements. The first plurality of I/O ports is coupled to a plurality of operating system domains through a load-store fabric. Each of the first plurality of I/O ports routes transactions between the plurality of operating system domains and the switching apparatus. The second I/O port is coupled to a first shared input/output endpoint. The first shared input/output endpoint is configured to request/complete the transactions for each of the plurality of operating system domains. One of the plurality of port initialization logic elements is coupled to the second I/O port and remaining ones of the plurality of port initialization logic elements are each coupled to a corresponding one of the first plurality of I/O ports. The plurality of port initialization logic elements is configured to initialize corresponding links between each of the plurality of operating system domains and the switching apparatus, and between the first shared input/output endpoint and the switching apparatus, to support the transactions, where each of the plurality of port initialization logic elements automatically configures a corresponding polarity for each of the first plurality of I/O ports and the second I/O port, and where the corresponding polarity is in a default polarity prior to being configured. |
| US07953063B2 |
System and method for suppressing silence in voice traffic over a wireless communication medium
A method and system for increasing the efficiency of providing bandwidth for voice traffic to a data provider via communication mediums is provided. This is generally accomplished by not transmitting any data during the silence periods and playing out background noise (i.e., comfort noise) at the other end, to obtain significant bandwidth savings. |
| US07953055B2 |
Multi-channel MAC apparatus and method for WLAN devices with single radio interface
A multi-channel Media Access Control (MAC) method and apparatus for a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) device with a single radio interface are provided. The multi-channel MAC method includes sensing a common channel when a channel coordination window starts from a start point of a window repeating at regular periods, allocating at least two devices to a destination channel for the started channel coordination window using a channel utilization vector indicating use/nonuse for each of multiple channels, and transceiving a frame over the allocated destination channel. |
| US07953053B2 |
Distributed resource reservation in a wireless adhoc network
The invention relates to a method of communication in a wireless communication system comprising a first station and at least a second station wherein each of the station for at least a part of the time controls the communication within the system. The first station encodes and transmits messages having a first format in a first mode using at least one communication channel or having a second format in a second mode using one communication channel. The first and second formats have a common part. The second station receives and decodes at least the common part of messages transmitted either the first mode or the second mode. The common part comprises information on one or more upcoming transmissions of the first station. |
| US07953050B2 |
Relay transmission method and apparatus
A relay transmission method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: configuring a subframe of a Time Division Duplex (TDD) relay frame for a subframe of relay link (S201), where the configuring the subframe of the TDD relay frame for the subframe of relay link includes: configuring a downlink (DL) subframe of the TDD relay frame for a DL subframe of relay link, and/or configuring the DL subframe of the TDD relay frame for an uplink (UL) subframe of relay link, and/or configuring a UL subframe of the TDD relay frame for the UL subframe of relay link; and performing relay transmission according to the subframe of relay link (S202). When data is transmitted, a subframe that can be used for relay link transmission is configured, data transmission performed by using relay link complies with inherent constraints of a TDD frame structure in the prior art. |
| US07953049B2 |
Method and apparatus for allocating receiver resources based on delay
Receiver resources are allocated based on how subframes are allocated within in a frame between downlink and uplink transmissions and how often the receiver is expected to report feedback information associated with the downlink transmissions. Additional time is available for processing received data blocks if the feedback information derived from those blocks must be reported later than expected due to the unavailability of uplink subframes. According to one embodiment, received signals are processed by receiving transmission configuration information indicating how downlink and uplink subframes are allocated within a frame in the time domain. Based on the transmission configuration information, the receiver determines whether a delay that exceeds a feedback reporting interval assigned to the receiver will occur when reporting feedback information associated with the downlink subframes. Receiver resources are allocated based on whether a delay will occur when reporting the feedback information. |
| US07953048B2 |
Establishing additional reverse link carriers in multi-carrier wireless systems
A method and apparatus for reliably and quickly establishing multiple reverse links in multi-carrier wireless networks is provided. Signaling channels are established the on an existing forward link in order to transmit reverse link power control bits and the acknowledgment indications. |
| US07953047B2 |
Parser for multiple data streams in a communication system
Techniques to parse data into multiple (M) streams with selectable data rates are described. The modulation scheme and code rate for each stream are determined based on the data rate selected for that stream. The modulation schemes and code rates for all M streams are used to determine a parse cycle and the number of puncture cycles for each stream in the parse cycle. A sequence of puncture cycles is formed for the M streams such that the puncture cycle(s) for each stream are distributed as evenly as possible across the sequence. An encoder encodes traffic data in accordance with a base code (e.g., a rate 1/2 binary convolutional code) and generates code bits. A parser then parses the code bits into the M streams based on the sequence of puncture cycles, one puncture cycle at a time and in the order indicated by the sequence. |
| US07953046B2 |
Wireless communications device
A wireless communications device wirelessly communicates with a communication partner by allocating communication resource areas thereto on a communication resource area basis. The wireless communications device includes a receiving unit for receiving, from the communication partner, communication quality information parts of the communication resource areas allocated to the communication partner from the communication partner; an estimation unit for estimating communication quality information on another communication resource area among the communication resource areas allocated to the communication partner based on the communication quality information on the parts of communication resource areas received by the receiving unit; and a scheduling unit for allocating the communication resource areas based on the communication quality information on the communication resource areas received by the receiving unit and the communication quality information on said another communication resource area estimated by the estimation unit. |
| US07953037B2 |
Electronic device for acquisition of a dummy paging message
The invention provides an electronic device for acquisition of a dummy paging message. In an embodiment, the electronic device comprises a dummy pattern generator, a receiver, and a paging channel handler. The dummy pattern generator provides a first artificial pattern according to a previously received result corresponding to a dummy paging message. The receiver receives a first burst for a paging message. The paging channel handler controls the receiver to recover a first data content for the paging message according to the first burst and the first artificial pattern, determines whether the first data content represents a dummy paging message, and directs the receiver not to activate to receive remaining bursts for the paging message when the first data content represents a dummy paging message. The dummy paging message is employed for synchronization between a mobile station comprising the electronic device, and a serving base station. |
| US07953033B2 |
Method of signalling, a communication system and a communication equipment
First and second data is transmitted simultaneously by modulating a first set of signal constellation points, corresponding to the first data, with second data thereby creating a second set of constellation points. The second set of constellation points comprises two subsets corresponding to two values of the first data. The constellation points are selected such that the minimum distance between the first and second subsets is not less than the minimum distance between the constellation points of the first set of constellation points. |
| US07953029B2 |
Mobile communication system with transmission control of data transmission rate request value
A mobile communication system which is capable of, when carrying out mobile communication using a shared channel, increasing in efficiency of transmission timing of the data transmission rate request value to prevent wasteful power consumption and hence reduce power consumption. A mobile station apparatus of the mobile communication system measures CIR of the received signal from a base station apparatus at a CIR measuring section, and decides the data transmission rate request value corresponding to the measured CIR value at a rate request value deciding section. Also, it detects an error of the received signal at a CRC section, and, when no error is found, calculates a difference between the average data transmission rate from a base station apparatus and the data transmission request value at a rate request value transmission controlling section. Then, it transmits the data transmission rate request value to the base station apparatus only when the obtained difference is larger than a threshold value. |
| US07953027B2 |
Rerouting multicast traffic in response to detecting imminent network disruption
Various systems and methods for rerouting multicast traffic in response to detecting imminent network disruption are disclosed. One method involves detecting an imminent topology change and, in response, identifying a new multicast distribution tree for a multicast group. A join message for the multicast group is then sent towards a root of the new multicast distribution tree. Multicast traffic addressed to the multicast group continues to be forwarded via the current multicast distribution tree, subsequent to sending the join message. The multicast traffic is not forwarded via the new multicast distribution tree until one or more multicast data packets have been received via the new multicast distribution tree. |
| US07953024B2 |
Fast credit system
The invention provides an improved architecture for credit based flow control. Briefly, the memory space within the receiving switch is separated into two parts, a statically allocated portion and a dynamically allocated portion. Packets are first placed in the dynamically allocated portion, and the credits are returned immediately. When the dynamically allocated portion has no additional space, the packets are then stored in the memory portion statically allocated to the specific virtual circuit. Credits are returned when the packets are removed from the statically allocated memory portion. This scenario allows the immediate return of credits when there is space available in the dynamically allocated memory portion. It also allows improved sharing of the overall memory since more of the overall memory can be made available to a particular virtual circuit. |
| US07953021B2 |
Method and apparatus optimizing a radio link
Optimizing a radio link is done by acquiring at least OSI layer one and two performance measurements, determining an optimum setting collection for at least OSI layer three to a top layer, then configuring at least the OSI layer three to the top layer based upon the optimum setting collection. The top layer is at least OSI layer four. The invention includes optimized radio links, methods of making optimized radio links, revenue generating making optimized radio links by providing means for optimizing the radio link. |
| US07953020B2 |
Method for implementing and reporting one-way network measurements
A method is disclosed for implementing and reporting network measurements between a source of probe packets and an element, such as a router. The invention exploits commonly implemented features on commercial elements. By exploiting these features, the expense of deploying special purpose measurement devices can be avoided. In one aspect of the invention, a plurality of probe packets is transmitted in a packet network with each of the probe packets having the same key and the same aggregation characteristic. A report is then received from an instructionless element regarding the plurality of probe packets, thereby enabling measurement of a parameter of the packet network. |
| US07953019B2 |
Channel switching
Channel switching for a receiver for digital broadcasting includes identifying pilot data from a digital broadcasting signal. The pilot data is stored in a memory. Channel switching is performed at least based on the stored pilot information. |
| US07953018B2 |
Method of controlling transmit power for retransmission packet in uplink dedicated channel
A method of transmitting a data packet based on a transport format combination set (TFCS) using a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) is disclosed. In the method, a user equipment (UE) receives a TFCS from a base station (BS) to select a transport format combination (TFC) for retransmitting a data packet and selects from the TFCS a TFC which corresponds to a maximum transmission power by which the data packet is retransmitted. Thereafter, the UE retransmits the data packet using the TFC of an initial transmission and a transmission power that corresponds to the TFC with the maximum transmission power of the TFCS. |
| US07953013B2 |
Transmission apparatus and method for transmitting data based on a communication mode determined employing information on an error rate
A transmission apparatus and method updates a communication mode selection table that updates a communication mode selection table correctly and selects an optimal MCS according to an actual channel condition. A buffer temporarily stores calibration data to be transmitted for updating a table. A scheduler performs scheduling of data to be transmitted based on a CIR on a downlink reported from a plurality of communication terminal apparatuses. When there is no data to be transmitted, the scheduler sends calibration data from the buffer. When calibration data is transmitted as a result of the scheduling, the scheduler notifies an address information generation section of the communication terminal apparatus to which the calibration data is transmitted. In one mode, first data is transmitted from a first communication apparatus to another communication apparatus, the first communication apparatus receives from the other communication apparatus, information on an error rate when the other communication apparatus receives the first data; and the first communication apparatus transmits second data to the other communication apparatus based on a communication mode determined using the information on the error rate. |
| US07953011B1 |
Method for estimating telecommunication network traffic using link weight changes
The present invention comprises methods for increasing the rank of the routing matrix of an IP network by systematically altering link weights in the IP network. A full rank routing matrix may be used with further methods in accordance with the present invention to estimate the mean traffic of the IP network based upon the full rank routing matrix and measured link utilization values. Example methods in accordance with the present invention for estimating mean traffic and covariance of traffic are described for both stationary and non-stationary link utilization data. |
| US07953010B2 |
System and method of controlling in-bound path selection based on historical and continuous path quality monitoring, assessment and predictions
A system and method of automatically controlling in-bound traffic from a first communications peer to a second communications peer based on an input from a historical path quality assessment and prediction system is disclosed. The second communications peer receives an input from the historical path quality assessment and prediction system, selects a path through a relay based on the received input, requests allocation of the relay, and sends an address of the selected relay to the first communications peer. The system and method works in concert with an Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) mechanism, or takes advantage of the features of the Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE) mechanism. |
| US07953008B2 |
Cell copy count hazard detection
The present invention is directed to a network device, method and apparatus for processing data. The present invention includes at least one ingress module for performing switching functions on incoming data. The invention further includes a memory management unit (MMU) for storing the incoming data, and at least one egress module for transmitting the incoming data to at least one egress port. Further, in the present invention, the memory management unit further comprises a cell copy count pool (CCP) memory, wherein the CCP determines when a memory cell can be made available. |
| US07953007B2 |
Excessive flow detection device, excessive flow detection circuit, terminal apparatus and network node
A packet information extraction circuit derives predetermined key information (for example, destination information or transmission source information) from a received packet. A HASH result computation circuit generates m (a plurality of) pseudo-random numbers (HASH results) of fixed length from the derived information. A cache table holds the key information and cumulative packet lengths within a predetermined time period by using the generated pseudo-random numbers as addresses. When a threshold value holding and comparing circuit senses that the cumulative packet length has exceeded a value held therein, it sends a notification signal to judgment means disposed in a packet exchange system. The key information items and the cumulative values of the packet lengths are stored in the cache table on the basis of the received packets in such a way that larger cumulative packet lengths are left behind, whereas smaller cumulative packet lengths are erased. |
| US07952999B1 |
Feedback control of processor use in virtual systems
A device may receive packets for a system and obtain a packet drop rate of the system, a processor utilization rate of the system, and a target processor utilization rate of the system. In addition, the device may determine a target packet drop rate based on the packet drop rate, the processor utilization rate, and the target processor utilization rate. The device may drop a portion of the packets in accordance with the packet drop rate. |
| US07952998B2 |
InfiniBand credit-less flow control for long distance links
An Infiniband flow control scheme disables credit based flow control so that transmission distances can be extended. An Infiniband credit based flow control suffers from round trip time lag that slows transmission rates. Disabling Infiniband credit based flow control enables back to back packet transmission because credit counts are ignored. Nonetheless, packets can be lost due to overruns in a receive buffer, therefore, packet drop detection mechanisms are employed so that the Infiniband receiver can send requests to the Infiniband transmitter to temporarily slow its Infiniband transmission rate. |
| US07952997B2 |
Congestion management groups
A scalable solution to managing congestion in a network is disclosed. In one implementation, such a solution comprises a means for managing traffic including at least one flow monitor and a plurality of flow control regulators that together manage congestion within a network. Each of the flow control regulators monitor traffic at a corresponding ingress point and determine a state of the ingress point corresponding to the traffic monitored at the ingress point. Each flow control regulators forward the state (or information representative of the state) to the flow monitor. The flow monitor detects congestion based upon the states of the flow control regulators and, in the event of congestion, determines a target bandwidth for the ingress points. The flow monitor provides a control signal to at least one of the flow control regulators, and at least one of the flow control regulators control flows at its corresponding ingress point based upon the control signal received from the flow monitor. |
| US07952995B2 |
Apparatus and method for providing VoIP service
An apparatus and method for providing VoIP service, where, in the case that a plurality of public IP terminals or PCs are connected to a private network using a public IP address, a switching system manages port information which is used by each of the IP terminals, switches a VoIP service request message or a response message, and notifies port information of the other IP terminal, and the IP terminal included in the private network connects a call to the other IP terminal so as to receive the VoIP service, so that a voice packet can be exchanged. |
| US07952994B2 |
Redundancy method and switch apparatus
A redundancy method in which a network is made redundant with a working path and a protection path. The method includes transmitting a working system supervising frame and a protection system supervising frame from a switch apparatus on transmission side to the working path and the protection path; passing, by a switch apparatus on reception side, the working system supervising frame received from the working path as well as abolishing the protection system supervising frame and passing the protection system supervising frame received from the protection path as well as abolishing the working system supervising frame; and performing a connectivity check for the working path and the protection path by using the passed working system supervising frame and the passed protection system supervising frame. |
| US07952991B2 |
Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving control information in a single carrier FDMA system
Provided is a method and an apparatus for transmitting a large quantity of control information in a mobile communication system. When there is no uplink data to be transmitted, a UE spreads second control information, a quantity of which is less than or equal to a pre-defined threshold, by using a ZC sequence cyclic-shifted according to resource blocks, each of which indicates at least one time interval used for a transmission of the second control information. When there is uplink data to be transmitted, the UE performs TDM of the uplink data with third control information. When there is no uplink data to be transmitted and the quantity of control information exceeds a pre-defined threshold, or when the first control information includes various types of information, the UE spreads the first control information in a time domain by the orthogonal codes. |
| US07952982B2 |
Data storage medium, data storage device containing same, and method of manufacturing data storage device containing same
A data storage medium includes a piezoelectric film (101) having a surface (111) including a halogen. In one embodiment, the halogen exists in an atomic concentration of at least approximately 10 percent. The result is a hydrophobic surface conducive to long-lasting scanning probe tips, low contamination, and stable surface charge. A data storage device incorporating the data storage medium includes an enclosure (205) containing the data storage medium and an adjacent scanning probe (230) wherein the enclosure has a relative humidity of at least approximately 40 percent and at least a portion of the scanning probe is coated with a layer of water. |
| US07952980B2 |
Optical pickup apparatus
An optical-pickup apparatus comprising: a polarization beam splitter fixed to a base, which includes a first prism that laser light emitted from a laser diode enters, a second prism that return light of the laser light reflected from a signal recording layer of an optical disc enters, and a control film that is formed on either one of opposed surfaces of the first and second prisms so that the laser light and the return light are selectively passed through or reflected from the control film, the opposed surfaces being opposed to each other; and first and second positioning pins provided on the base to position the polarization beam splitter, the polarization beam splitter being fixed to the base in a state where the opposed surface of at least one of the first and second prisms is made in contact with at least one of the first and second positioning pins. |
| US07952979B2 |
Coupling lens, optical head and optical disc device
Provides a coupling lens which, when used in combination with an objective lens for a plurality of types of optical discs such as a high density disc, DVD, CD or the like, is capable of compensating for various types of aberrations including those caused by wavelength changes and thus providing good recording or reproduction characteristics with a good wavelength dispersion compensation ability; and an optical head and an optical disc apparatus (drive).A coupling lens is incorporated into an optical head for collecting laser light emitted from a plurality of light sources and having different wavelengths on an information recording face of different types of optical information recording mediums respectively. The coupling lens comprises a first lens and a second lens which are substantially in close contact with each other such that optical axes thereof match each other and designed such that the laser light having different wavelengths are refracted by the close contact face. The coupling lens is afocal for the shortest wavelength among the different wavelengths of the laser light. |
| US07952976B2 |
Optical reproducing device and optical reproducing method
There is provided an optical reproducing device including: a reproducing component that includes a light source, a spatial light modulator, and a light guiding component, with the reproducing component irradiating, with reference light that has been generated by the spatial light modulator as reading light, a Fourier transform hologram; a splitting component disposed on a signal light exiting side of the reproducing component and that splits, into two light waves, the signal light; a first image acquiring component that detects the one split light wave to acquire a first reproduced image; a second image acquiring component that detects light where a direct current component has been removed from the other split light wave to acquire a second reproduced image; and a decoding component that uses the first reproduced image and the second reproduced image to decode data that the signal light has. |
| US07952970B2 |
Apparatus and method for detecting an optimal writing power
A method and apparatus for accomplishing an OPC (optimal power calibration) at a test area secured in data recording area of a writable optical recording medium and detecting an optimal writing power appropriate to the test area, are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method searches for a marginal area adjacent to a data section recorded on an optical recording medium, records test data on the marginal area discovered in the searching step while changing a writing power; and reproduces the test data recorded on the marginal area and determining an optimal writing power based upon the characteristics of the reproduction signal. |
| US07952968B2 |
Method and apparatus for recording data in an optical disk device
A method and apparatus for recording data on an optical disk calculates an optical power at a first recording speed, compares the calculated optical power to a predetermined value, and then determines whether to apply the first recording speed based on a result of the comparison. The optical power at the first recording speed is calculated based on a reference optical power and a measured optical power, and the predetermined value may correspond to the maximum allowable power of a laser pickup. The method and apparatus may be used to control the speeding, timing, and/power of a data recording operation, as well as to compensate for temperature variations and/or power margins of one or more circuits in an optical disk device. |
| US07952961B2 |
Audio compass for motion tracking
A method for tracking motion using an audio compass is disclosed. The method comprises receiving motion sensor data indicating seismic activity recorded by at least two seismic sensors, and converting the received motion sensor data into audio signals for interpretation at an audio compass. The method uses the audio compass to determine a current distance to the seismic activity based on an interpreted signal intensity of the audio signals. The method further uses the audio compass to identify a current position of the audio compass relative to the seismic activity. |
| US07952960B2 |
Seismic imaging with natural Green's functions derived from VSP data
The methods described herein are conceptually similar to classical migration/imaging for surface seismic data. However, instead of using computed (estimated) Green's functions in the imaging process, the instant invention utilizes measured (near-exact) Green's functions from VSP data to image the surface seismic data. Although the instant invention is best utilized where the velocity profile is approximately 1D (i.e., v(z)), the methods disclosed herein can also be extended to instances where there are some lateral velocity variations. Under these conditions, the instant invention allows for imaging surface seismic data and ‘self-imaging’ VSP data without first having to estimate a velocity model. The measurements obtained from the VSP data can also be used as a tool for calibrating computed Green's functions and migration operators. |
| US07952951B2 |
Small-sized fuse box and semiconductor integrated circuit having the same
Disclosed are a fuse box and a semiconductor integrated circuit having the same. The semiconductor integrated circuit includes a plurality of banks, column control blocks, and column fuse blocks. The plurality of banks including a plurality of mat rows and mat columns. The banks are arranged in row and column directions and disposed away from each other. The column control blocks are disposed in a space between the banks which are extended to the column direction. The column fuse blocks are disposed adjacent to the column control blocks and have a plurality of fuse boxes. The fuse boxes include fuse sets arranged in two rows. The fuse boxes are disposed to correspond to the one mat column. Each fuse box has an interconnection fuse and address fuses which are arranged with a constant interval and are the same type. |
| US07952950B2 |
Semiconductor device including anti-fuse circuit, and method of writing address to anti-fuse circuit
An anti-fuse circuit according to the present invention includes an anti-fuse element that holds data in a nonvolatile manner and a latch circuit that temporarily holds data to be written to the anti-fuse element. The writing to the latch circuit can be performed in the order of nanoseconds, and thus, even when the defective addresses respectively different are written in a plurality of chips, a writing process to the latch circuit can be completed in a very short period of time. Thereby, an actual process for writing to the anti-fuse element can be performed in parallel for the chips, and as a result, the process for writing to the anti-fuse element can be performed at high speed. |
| US07952944B2 |
System for providing on-die termination of a control signal bus
A system for providing on-die termination (ODT) of a control signal bus. The system includes a memory device that includes a plurality of data bus connectors, one or both of a load signal connector and a reset signal connector, a control bus connector, an ODT, and a mechanism. The ODT is in communication with the control bus connector, and the ODT provides a level of termination resistance to a control bus connected to the control bus connector. The mechanism latches data received via the data bus connectors in response to a signal received via one or both of the load signal connector and the reset signal connector. The data is utilized to set the level of termination resistance provided by the ODT. |
| US07952942B1 |
Variable reference voltage circuit for non-volatile memory
A variable reference voltage circuit for performing memory operation on non-volatile memory includes a multi-level voltage source and a selector circuit. The multi-level voltage source generates multiple voltages. The selector circuit includes a selector input and a selector output. The selector input is coupled to the multi-level voltage source to selectively couple any of the multiple voltages to the selector output. The selector output of the selector circuit is coupled to a non-volatile memory array to provide the NV memory array with a selectable program voltage for programming the NV memory array and a selectable erase voltage for erasing the NV memory array. |
| US07952938B2 |
Selective application of word line bias to minimize fringe effects in electromagnetic fields during erase of nonvolatile memory
A memory device comprising an optimization component that facilitates erasing memory cells in a substantially homogeneous electromagnetic field and methods that facilitate erasing memory cells in a substantially homogeneous electromagnetic field are presented. The optimization component facilitates selecting a subset of memory cells to be erased at the same time, such that a memory cell in the subset of memory cells has two neighbor memory cells adjacent thereto that are in the subset of memory, or one neighbor memory cell adjacent thereto when the memory cell is an end-row memory cell. The optimization component facilitates performing a Fowler-Nordheim channel erase to erase the subset of memory cells, and a predetermined voltage potential associated with an erase command is applied to each cell of the subset of memory cells to facilitate reducing fringing effect associated with the electromagnetic fields applied to the cells during the erase. |
| US07952936B2 |
Program-verify method
Methods and devices are disclosed, some such methods comprising applying a verify pass-through voltage to unselected select lines of the floating-gate memory array that is greater than a read pass-through voltage applied to the unselected select lines. Other methods involve utilizing a cell current for reading a value from one or more memory cells in program-verify operations that is lower than a cell current for reading the value from the one or more memory cells in read operations. |
| US07952935B2 |
Nonvolatile memory device and program or verification method using the same
A nonvolatile memory device includes a bit line sensing signal supply unit configured to output a bit line sensing signal, having a rising voltage level that rises in discrete steps, in response to a control signal, and a bit line sensing unit configured to selectively connect a bit line and a sensing node in response to the bit line sensing signal. |
| US07952931B2 |
Nonvolatile semiconductor memory device which realizes “1” write operation by boosting channel potential
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array having a plurality of cell units each including a preset number of memory cells and select gate transistors on drain and source sides. The nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a voltage control circuit to prevent occurrence of an erroneous write operation due to excessively high boost voltage of a channel when “1” is written into the memory cell. |
| US07952930B2 |
NAND flash memory
A NAND flash memory according to examples of the invention includes a memory cell array comprised of first, second, and third NAND blocks disposed in order in a first direction and first and second transfer transistor blocks disposed in order in the first direction at one end in a second direction intersecting with the first direction of the memory cell array. An address allocation to the word lines in the first NAND block is inverted against an address allocation to the word lines in the third NAND block. |
| US07952927B2 |
Adjusting program and erase voltages in a memory device
A method and apparatus for adjusting threshold program and erase voltages in a memory array, such as a floating gate memory array, for example. A method includes applying a first voltage level to a first edge word line of a memory block string and applying a second voltage level to a second edge word line of the memory block string. The method might also include applying a third voltage level to non-edge word lines of the memory block string. |
| US07952921B2 |
1-transistor type DRAM cell, DRAM device and DRAM comprising thereof and driving method thereof and manufacturing method thereof
The present invention relates to a semiconductor device, and more precisely to an 1-transistor type DRAM cell implemented using bulk silicon, a DRAM device and a DRAM comprising thereof and a driving method thereof and a manufacturing method thereof. The driving method of an 1-transistor type DRAM comprises: a data hold process biasing a word line at a negative voltage level and biasing a sensing line and a bit line at a first constant voltage level; a data purging process resetting data by biasing the word line at a second constant voltage level and biasing the sensing line and the bit line at the first constant voltage level; and a data write process allowing a write current to be flowed from the bit line to a floating body by rasing the bit line to the second constant voltage level and raising the sensing line to the half second constant voltage level, while maintaining the bias of the word line at the second constant voltage level. |
| US07952920B1 |
Phase change memory array circuits and methods of manufacture
A memory comprising: a plurality of base layers including plurality of switches; a phase-change material layer; a bit line layer arranged between and coupled to the plurality of base layers and the phase-change material layer; a word line layer arranged between and coupled to the plurality of base layers and the phase-change material layer; and a voltage source layer comprising a plurality of independent voltage source segments, wherein the plurality of independent voltage source segments are in communication with the plurality of switches. |
| US07952916B2 |
Resistance-change memory
A resistance-change memory includes first and second bit lines running in the same direction, a third bit line running parallel to the first and second bit lines, fourth and fifth bit lines running in the same direction, a sixth bit line running parallel to the fourth and fifth bit lines, a first memory element which has one and the other terminals connected to the first and third bit lines, and changes to one of first and second resistance states, a first reference element having one and the other terminals connected to the fourth and sixth bit lines, and set in the first resistance state, a second reference element having one and the other terminals connected to the fifth and sixth bit lines, and set in the second resistance state, and a sense amplifier having first and second input terminals connected to the first and fourth bit lines. |
| US07952913B2 |
Back gated SRAM cell
One method for operating an SRAM cell includes applying a potential to a back gate of a pair of cross coupled p-type pull up transistors in the SRAM during a write operation. The method includes applying a ground to the back gate of the pair of cross coupled p-type pull up transistors during a read operation. The charge stored on a pair of cross coupled storage nodes of the SRAM is coupled to a front gate and a back gate of a pair of cross coupled n-type pull down transistors in the SRAM during the write operation and during a read operation. |
| US07952912B2 |
Static random access memory cell and devices using same
A bit-cell may include a pair of cross-coupled inverters, a left bit-line, a right bit-line, a word-line and a write-line. The left bit-line may be coupled to a left inverter of the cross-coupled inverters via a left word-line transistor and a left write-line transistor. The right bit-line may be coupled to a right inverter of the cross-coupled inverters via a right word-line transistor and a right write-line transistor. The word-line may be coupled to the gates of the left and right word-line transistors and the write-line may be coupled to the gates of the left and right write-line transistors. A memory device may include a controller, an array of such bit-cells and a differential sensing buffers. Further, a computing device may include a processor and a memory device having the above bit-cells. |
| US07952908B2 |
Apparatus and method for sensing multi-level cell data
A multi-level sensing apparatus of the non-volatile memory includes a first sense amplifier configured to compare a first reference voltage with a read data of a bit line and amplify a comparison result to generate a first output; a reference voltage selector configured to select one of a second reference voltage and a third reference voltage as a fourth reference voltage according to a logic level of the first output; a second sense amplifier configured to compare the fourth reference voltage with the read data of the bit line and amplify a comparison result to generate a second output; and a decoder configured to decode the first and second outputs to output a sensing data. |
| US07952900B2 |
H-bridge buck-boost converter
An H-bridge buck-boost converter includes a first half-bridge portion having at least one first transistor, an inductor portion connected to the first half-bridge portion at a first connection, a second half-bride portion connected to the inductor portion at a second connection, the second half-bridge portion having at least one second transistor, and a control portion configured to provide a first switching signal to a gate of the first transistor of the first half-bridge portion as a function of a voltage at the first connection. |
| US07952899B2 |
Alternating voltage generator equipped with a current limiting device
The invention relates to an alternating voltage generator (10) comprising a direct voltage source (20) that supplies a power bus, a bus capacitor (11) connected to the power bus, an inverter module (30) supplied by the power bus and equipped with several normally-on JFET power transistors (31a, 31b) in order to deliver an alternating voltage. The generator (10) comprises a current limiting normally-on JFET transistor (12) which is located on the power bus in series between the bus capacitor (11) and the inverter module (30), the limiting current of the limiting transistor (12) being less than the limiting current of each of the power transistors (31a, 31b). |
| US07952895B2 |
Method and apparatus for implementing an unregulated dormant mode in a power converter
A control circuit for use in a power converter with an unregulated dormant mode of operation is disclosed. In one aspect a power converter includes a drive signal generator coupled to generate a drive signal to control switching of a power switch to be coupled to the control circuit to regulate a flow of energy to a power converter output in response to an energy requirement of one or more loads to be coupled to the power converter output. An unregulated dormant mode control circuit is included and is coupled to render dormant the drive signal generator thereby ceasing the regulation of the flow of energy to the power converter output by the drive signal generator when the energy requirement of the one or more loads falls below a threshold. The drive signal generator is coupled to be unresponsive to changes in the energy requirements of the one or more loads when dormant. The unregulated dormant mode control circuit is coupled to power up the drive signal generator after a period of time has elapsed. The drive signal generator is coupled to again be responsive to changes in the energy requirement of the one or more loads after the period of time has elapsed. |
| US07952894B2 |
Synchronous rectifier control device and a forward synchronous rectifier circuit
A synchronous rectifier control device comprises a status detecting unit, an analog circuit, a first counter, a second counter and a signal process unit. The status detecting unit receives at least one reference signal and a detecting signal to generate a first synchronous control signal. The analog circuit generates a delay signal in accordance with the first synchronous control signal. The first counter receives a clock signal and generates a first counter signal in accordance with the first synchronous control signal, the clock signal, and the delay signal. The second counter receives the clock signal and generates a second counter signal in accordance with the first synchronous control signal, the clock signal, and the first counter signal. The signal process unit generates a second synchronous control signal in accordance with the first synchronous control signal and the second signal. |
| US07952888B2 |
Wiring module
An object of the present invention is to provide a wiring module that enables dense mounting and a reduction in wiring distance. The wiring module in accordance with the present invention includes a base material, a plurality of electronic circuit parts, insulating portions, and conductive portions connected to the electronic circuit parts, the plurality of electronic circuit parts, the insulating portions, and the conductive portions being integrally held on the base material. Wires are composed of a stack of the conductive portions and extend in a direction crossing a surface of the base material and in a direction crossing a direction perpendicular to the base material surface to electrically connect the plurality of electronic circuit parts together. |
| US07952887B2 |
Card unit, device unit, card attaching/detaching method and electronic apparatus
A card unit on which a card attached to a connector and detached from it is loaded has a frame, which is loaded with the card and is expanded and contracted, and an attaching/detaching mechanism which attaches the card to the connector and detaches the card from the connector by expanding and contracting the frame. The attaching/detaching mechanism has a rotatable attaching/detaching lever which makes the frame expand and contract by its rotational operation. A maintaining part (maintaining surface parts) is provided, and the frame is maintained at a position, at which the card is disengaged from the connector, by the maintaining part. |
| US07952882B2 |
On demand storage array
A computer storage library is configured to include a plurality of storage media, with individual storage media housed in respective individual storage slots. Each of the storage media slots may communicate with a storage controller, which in turn may communicate with a host through a network connection. A delivery device is provided for enabling a connection between individual storage slots and a host via the controller on demand. The delivery device enables the storage media to remain stationary during the connection process. |
| US07952876B2 |
Electric power converter
The present invention provides a highly reliable electric power converter reduced in parasitic inductance.An electric power converter that includes a capacitor module which has a DC terminal, an inverter which coverts a direct current into an alternating current, and heat release fins which cool the inverter, is constructed so that: the inverter has a power module including a plurality of power semiconductor elements; the power module further has a metallic base, a dielectric substrate provided on one face of the metallic base, a power semiconductor element fixed to the dielectric substrate, and a DC terminal; the metallic base has the heat release fins on the other face; the DC terminal in the power module and the DC terminal in the capacitor module are each formed by stacking flat plate conductors via an insulator; the two positive and negative DC terminals have respective front ends bent in opposite directions; a plane including the bent sections is used as a surface for connecting the power module and the capacitor module; and the insulators overlap each other at the connection surface. |
| US07952875B2 |
Stacked busbar assembly with integrated cooling
A stacked busbar assembly includes two or more busbar subassemblies, each including a plurality of busbars having one or more power semiconductor devices bonded thereto (e.g., IGBTs, power diodes, and the like). Each busbar has an internal integrated cooling system including one or more fluid channels in communication with an inlet and an outlet. The busbar assemblies are stacked such that their respective inlets and outlets are aligned and a coolant may then flow in parallel therethrough. |
| US07952874B2 |
Planer board with integrated cold plate
A cooling system for an information handling system is provided in which a cold plate is coupled to the motherboard of the computer system. The cold plate includes a number of cold pads that are located on the pan to correspond to the location of heat-emitting components on the motherboard. Chilled water is circulated through the cold pads to remove heat from the vicinity of the heat-emitting components. A heat exchanger may be coupled to the cold plate. |
| US07952873B2 |
Passive conductive cooling module
A cooling module includes a thermally conductive plate, a bladder disposed on at least one side of the plate, the bladder have a chamber, and fluid disposed in the chamber of the bladder wherein the bladder in an inflated state impresses the cooling module against an adjacent electronic circuit card. where the cooling module is forcibly pressed against adjacent electronic circuit card providing increased physical stability to the electronic circuit card as well as provide a cooling technique for the circuit card. |
| US07952872B1 |
Cooling device and electronic apparatus
According to one embodiment, a cooling device includes a cooling fan, a heat sink, an inserting portion, a projection, and a holder. The inserting portion is provided on one of the cooling fan and the heat sink. The projection is provided on the inserting portion, and protrudes in a direction intersecting an inserting direction of the inserting portion. The holder is provided on the other one of the cooling fan and the heat sink, and configured to receive the inserting portion. The holder includes (i) an opening portion configured to engage with the projection, (ii) a first supporter facing the inserting portion in a first direction intersecting the inserting direction of the inserting portion and a protruding direction of the projection, and (iii) a second supporter facing the inserting portion in a second direction different from the first direction. |
| US07952868B2 |
Computer enclosure and data storage device bracket of the computer enclosure
A computer enclosure is used to install a computer motherboard therein. The computer motherboard includes a number of peripheral component interconnect (PCI) sockets for mounting a number of PCI cards. When some of the number of PCI sockets are not used, the disclosure provides a data storage device bracket which is arranged neighboring some unused PCI socket in the computer enclosure. The data storage device bracket holds at least one data storage device therein, which can fully utilize a space of the computer enclosure. |
| US07952867B2 |
Portable terminal having long stroke hinge
A portable terminal having a long-stroke hinge is disclosed. The portable terminal includes a first main body, a second main body sliding on the first main body, a first member with elasticity having a first end fixed to the first main body and a second end that is horizontally moveable, and a second member having a first end rotatably coupled with the second end of the first member and a second end fixed to the second main body. |
| US07952865B2 |
Computer enclosure
An exemplary computer enclosure for detachably coupling an external device to the computer enclosure by a cable includes a receiving cavity, a interface device, and a cable guide member. The receiving cavity is configured for receiving a portion of the cable. The interface device is movably received in the receiving cavity. The interface device defines at least one port for coupling the cable thereto. The cable guide member is located adjacent to the receiving cavity, and the cable guide member supports the cable that extends from the at least one port. |
| US07952861B2 |
Display apparatus, heat conductive adhesive sheet for display apparatus, and process for preparing the same
The present invention provides a display apparatus comprising a display panel; a heat radiating member provided behind the display panel; and a heat conductive adhesive sheet, which is disposed between the display panel and the heat radiating member, and is capable of absorbing an electromagnetic wave and of conducting heat, a heat conductive adhesive sheet for the display apparatus, and a process for preparing the same. |
| US07952860B2 |
Mobile terminal having extendible keypad
A mobile terminal is provided in which gaps between keys provided in a second main body change as a first main body moves. The mobile terminal includes a first main body; a second main body having a plurality of keys; and a hinge connecting the first main body and the second main body, wherein when the first main body opens from the second main body, the second main body extends and gaps between the plurality of keys are widened, and when the first main body closes on the second main body, the second main body retracts and the gaps between the plurality of keys are narrowed. Therefore, when the mobile terminal is opened, gaps between keys provided in the mobile terminal are widened and thus a user can more conveniently use the keys provided in the mobile terminal. |
| US07952857B1 |
Arc-resistant switchgear enclosure with ambient air ventilation system
An arc-resistant enclosure for electrical switchgear which includes solid front and back walls, a pair of solid side walls joined to the front and back walls, a ventilated roof joined to the side walls and the front and back walls, and a ventilated base joined to the side walls and the front and back walls. Internal partitions divide the space enclosed by the front, back, side, top and bottom walls into multiple compartments for housing different types of components. The ventilated base forms air-intake ports for admitting ambient air into a plurality of the compartments, and the ventilated roof forms air-exhaust ports for allowing air to be exhausted from the compartments. As air inside the enclosure is heated by the switchgear, the hot air rises through the switchgear compartments and is exhausted through the top air-exhaust ports, and replacement ambient air is drawn into the bottoms of the compartments through the air-intake ports. |
| US07952856B2 |
Power control unit and hybrid vehicle comprising same
A power control unit which comprises a plurality of semiconductor elements including a plurality of high-potential side semiconductor elements and a plurality of low-potential side semiconductor elements, and each having a first face and a second face, a collector terminal or an emitter terminal provided on the first face, or an emitter terminal and a gate terminal provided on the first face; a plurality of bus bars electrically connected with at least one of the semiconductor elements, and forming a power module together with the semiconductor elements; a terminal block having signal lines and a resin mold which supports the signal lines; and an engaging portion provided on at least one of the bus bars, and engaging with a portion of the terminal block, and also supporting the terminal block, the signal lines directly connected with the gate electrodes through the engaging portion. |
| US07952853B2 |
Capacitor electrolyte
A capacitor for an implantable medical device is presented. The capacitor includes an anode, a cathode, a separator therebetween, and an electrolyte over the anode, cathode, and separator. The electrolyte includes ingredients comprising acetic acid, ammonium acetate, phosphoric acid, and tetaethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The capacitor has an operating voltage ninety percent or greater of its formation voltage. |
| US07952849B2 |
Rail vehicle with a wagon body and method for protective grounding of such a wagon body
One embodiment of the present invention discloses, inter alia, a rail vehicle with a wagon body and with contact devices which are connected to the wagon body and which remain in contact with at least one rail on the track side during operation of the rail vehicle, wherein the wagon body and at least one of the contact devices are connected to each other through an electrical resistance device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the resistance device includes a greater electric resistance in a voltage region with low voltage than in a voltage region with comparatively higher voltage. |
| US07952837B1 |
Stiffened shaft bearing cartridge
The present invention is a device for increasing the stiffness of a pivot bearing assembly generally employed along with an actuator assembly of a magnetic disk drive. More specifically, bearing cartridges generally used in the art, are modified with a smaller spacer and a stiffener that is associated with the shaft. This modification reduces the rotating mass of the actuator assembly and increases the stiffness of the pivot assembly about which it rotates, thereby yielding greater system performance by increasing a critical resonance mode frequency. |
| US07952836B1 |
Varying thickness partial etch rails for disk drive head suspensions
A load beam or load beam component having rails for use with a disk drive head suspension. The load beam or component is formed from a sheet of material having a first thickness. One or more polygons, beams or other structures having the full first thickness are formed in the rails by partial etching other portions of the rails to a non-zero second thickness that is less than the first thickness. The multi-thickness structures in the rails enhance the operational performance characteristics of the load beam or load beam component. |
| US07952830B2 |
Method and apparatus for estimating flying height in a hard disk drive
This application discloses a hard disk drive and operates it based upon using a first and third harmonic amplitude generated from reading a repeated pattern of bits written to a track on a disk surface. Both amplitudes are used to create a first data set and the third harmonic amplitude is used as a single tone to create a second data set. A conversion factor between these two is determine, which may be used to convert the first data set under other conditions into a temperature insensitive table of the electrical stimulus of a vertical micro-actuator and the flying height change of the slider. The hard disk drive may be calibrated during manufacture and/or in the field. |
| US07952828B2 |
Hard disk drive, method for parking magnetic head of hard disk drive, and computer readable recording medium recording the method
A hard disk drive which includes a voice coil motor driving portion which supplies drive current to a voice coil motor, and a controller which compares a supply voltage supplied to predetermined chips installed on a printed circuit board with a parking reference voltage previously set to a voltage higher than a power-on-reset voltage and controls the voice coil motor driving portion to apply current to a voice coil of the voice coil motor through the voice coil motor driving portion to park a magnetic head in a predetermined parking zone, when the supply voltage is lower than the parking reference voltage. |
| US07952824B2 |
Systems and methods for defective media region identification
Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for storage medium flaw detection. For example, some embodiments provide flaw detection systems that include an input circuit, a data processing circuit and a defect detection circuit. The input circuit is operable to receive an input signal and to provide a filtered output. The data processing circuit is operable to receive the filtered output and to compute a difference between the filtered output and an expected output, and the defect detection circuit receives the difference between the filtered output and the expected output and compares a derivative of the difference with a threshold value, and asserts a defect signal when a magnitude of the derivative of the difference exceeds a threshold value. |
| US07952822B2 |
Lens activating device
A lens activating device includes at least one elastic piece, at least one stationary piece and a movable piece. At least one elastic piece has at least four sheet portions and four sets of elastic portions. Each set of the elastic portions are serpentine and connected between two sheet portions in order to make the at least one elastic piece form a closed ring. The stationary piece is connected to two sheet portions, and the movable portion is connected to the other two sheet portions. The elastic force generated by the four sets of elastic portions exerts a restoring force on the movable piece. Via this arrangement, the slight rotation of the movable piece within the lens activating device can be reduced. Further, the problem that the elastic piece may scrape the neighboring elements can be prevented. |
| US07952819B2 |
Optical device, light irradiation apparatus and light irradiation method
An optical device is provided. The optical device including an optical member having a first main surface and a second main surface, which respectively serve as an entrance surface and an exit surface for light from a directional light source, and made of a material having a refractive index greater than 1; and a support member at least including swing means for the optical member, wherein the first and second main surfaces of the optical member swingable by the support member are able to be inclined with respect to an optical path of the light from the directional light source. |
| US07952818B1 |
Optical imaging lens assembly
The present invention provides an optical imaging lens assembly comprising, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens element with positive refractive power having a convex object-side surface; a second lens element having a concave object-side surface; a third lens element with positive refractive power; a fourth lens element having a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface; a first stop disposed between the first lens element and the second lens element; and a second stop disposed between the second lens element and the fourth lens element. Such an arrangement of optical elements can effectively reduce the total track length of the lens assembly, lower the sensitivity of the optical system, and obtain good image quality. |
| US07952814B2 |
Lens barrel and imaging apparatus
A lens barrel includes at least two cam tubes, and an operation based on the rotation of an operation ring actuates the two cam tubes to move a lens group. The lens barrel includes a first cam tube that drives part of the lens group in response to an operation based on the rotation of the operation ring, and a second cam tube that moves part of the lens group in the optical axis direction in response to the operation based on the rotation of the operation ring. The second cam tube rotates at a speed different from that of the first cam tube. |
| US07952813B2 |
Zoom lens system and electronic imaging apparatus that uses the same
A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group, a positive second lens group, and a positive third lens group, in this order from the object.Each of the negative first lens group, the positive second lens group and the positive third lens group moves along the optical axis upon zooming.The positive second lens group includes a positive first lens element, a negative second lens element, and a negative third lens element, in this order from the object.The zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions: 2 |
| US07952812B2 |
Zoom lens system, imaging device and camera
An object is to provide: a zoom lens system that has a reduced overall length, a high resolution, and a variable magnification ratio as high as 9 or greater and that is satisfactorily adaptable for wide-angle image taking where the view angle at a wide-angle limit is 70° or greater; an imaging device employing this zoom lens system; and a thin and compact camera. The zoom lens system has a plurality of lens units each consisting of at least one lens element, and, in order from the object side to the image side, comprises a first lens unit having positive optical power, a second lens unit having negative optical power, a third lens unit having positive optical power, a fourth lens unit and a fifth lens unit. In zooming from a wide-angle limit to a telephoto limit at the time of image taking, at least the first lens unit and the second lens unit move in an optical axis direction, while the fourth lens unit and the fifth lens unit are each consists of one lens element. An imaging device and a camera employ this zoom lens system. |
| US07952809B2 |
Lens array
A lens array capable of making the characteristics of lens elements uniform is provided. A lens array 10 according to the present invention includes first liquid 11 that is conductive, second liquid 12 that is insulative and that has a refractive index different from that of the first liquid, and a plurality of lens elements 13 forming lens surfaces 13A at an interface between the first liquid 11 and the second liquid 12. The lens surfaces 13A of the lens elements 13 reversibly vary in accordance with output control of an applied voltage. The lens array is structured such that the adjacent lens elements 13 liquidly communicate with each other, whereby differences in the amounts of the first liquid 11 and the second liquid 12 between the lens elements can be avoided and the lens characteristics can be made uniform. |
| US07952808B2 |
Display system for vehicle and display method
A display system for vehicle includes an outside information-obtaining section configured to obtain outside information of a moving object; a position-detecting section configured to detect a position of one eye of an image viewer getting on the moving object; and an image-projecting section. The image-projecting section is configured to obtain a position of a target in the outside information obtained by the outside information-obtaining section, to generate a display object on the basis of the obtained position of the target, and to project a light flux including an image having the generated display object toward the one eye of the image viewer on the basis of the detected position of the one eye. |
| US07952802B2 |
Optical device provided with polarizing plate
Disclosed is an optical device which can be formed as a thinner layer by a simplified manufacturing process at a reduced cost. Specifically, the optical device has a multilayer structure wherein a polyvinyl alcohol- or polyvinylene-base polarizing film (b) and protective films (a and c) are directly laminated on top of another without any adhesive layer including a pressure sensitive adhesive layer interposed therebetween. The protective film (c) on one side is composed of a triacetyl cellulose, an alicyclic polyolefin resin, or an alicyclic acrylic resin, and the protective film (a) on the other side is composed of a triacetyl cellulose, a polycarbonate, a polyethylene terephthalate, a polyethylene naphthalate, a (meth)acrylate resin, an alicyclic polyolefin resin, or an alicyclic acrylic resin. |
| US07952801B2 |
Screen
A screen includes: a flexible screen body on which image light is projected; a fixed column arranged in a central portion; an arm sliding unit configured to pivotably support the second arm member of the first pantograph mechanism and the second arm member of the second pantograph mechanism with respect to the fixed column so as to be slidable in the vertical direction, in which the first pantograph mechanism and the second pantograph mechanism are expanded and contracted to move the first supporting unit and the second supporting unit toward and away from each other by a sliding movement of the arm sliding unit, and an urging member configured to urge the first supporting unit and the second supporting unit to move away from each other is provided. |
| US07952798B2 |
Holding device for microscope slides with tissue specimens
A holding device for retaining a number of microscope slides with tissue specimens, wherein the surfaces of the slides in retained position are located in a common plane. The holding device has an elongated hanger with a clamp for releasably clamping the microscope slides in a hanging position with the surfaces of the slides in the common plane. The microscope slides are clamped at their upper end and are free to fall from their own weight from the hanger by release from the clamp. The clamp preferably is arranged to cooperate with a loading rack having a supporting surface for support of the microscope slides, in which the hanger can be introduced into the rack and the clamp can be actuated so that all microscope slides placed on the supporting surface are clamped in the holding device. |
| US07952795B2 |
Information display panel and method of manufacturing same
There is provided an information display panel capable of maintaining a uniform gap between substrates and preventing migration. An undivided member for ensuring the gap is arranged as a pattern in a region where wiring electrodes are arranged, of a region between an information display region of the information display panel and a sealant forming portion provided in an outer edge portion of the information display panel and a plurality of divided members for ensuring a gap are arranged as a pattern in a region where the undivided member for ensuring a gap is not arranged, of the region between the information display region of the information display panel and the sealant forming portion provided in the outer edge portion of the information display panel. |
| US07952793B2 |
Electrophoretic particles, electrophoretic particle dispersion, display medium and display device
An electrophoretic particle dispersion including: electrophoretic particles including first particles having a surface thereof covered with a curvature-adjustment portion formed from a curvature-adjustment material, a curvature at the surface of the curvature-adjustment portion being greater than the curvature of the first particles that do not include the curvature-adjustment portion; a crosslinking agent capable of binding the electrophoretic particles via a reversible crosslinked structure; and a dispersing medium in which the electrophoretic particles and the crosslinking agent are dispersed. |
| US07952790B2 |
Electro-optic media produced using ink jet printing
Ink jet printing can be used in the production of electro-optic displays for (a) forming a layer of a polymer-dispersed electrophoretic medium on a substrate; (b) forming a color electro-optic layer; (c) forming a color filter; and (d) printing electrodes and/or associated conductors on a layer of electro-optic material. |
| US07952786B2 |
Method of operating a micromechanical device that contains anti-stiction gas-phase lubricant
One embodiment of an micromechanical device includes a first contact surface, a moveable component having a second contact surface, and a coating of liquid or solid lubricant on at least one of the contact surfaces, where the second contact surface interacts with the first contact surface during device operation, and a gas-phase lubricant is disposed between the first contact surface and the second contact surface, where the gas-phase lubricant is adapted to increase the usable lifetime of the liquid or solid lubricant coating on the contact surfaces. One advantage of the disclosed device is that a gas-phase lubricant has a high diffusion rate and, therefore, is self-replenishing, meaning that it can quickly move back into a contact region after being physically displaced from the region by the contacting surfaces of the device during operation. Consequently, the gas-phase lubricant used with conventional solid or liquid lubricants is more reliable than solid or liquid lubricants used alone in preventing stiction-related device failures. |
| US07952785B2 |
Manufacturing of electrochromic devices
A manufacturing method of electrochromic devices (10) includes the steps of providing a first and second sheet including a first (22) and second (24) plastic substrate, respectively, at least partially coated with a first (12) and second (14) electron conducting layer, respectively. The first sheet is at least partially coated with a first electrochromic layer (16). The second sheet is at least partially coated with a counter electrode layer (18). The first and second sheets are laminated with an electrolyte layer (20) interposed in-between into an electrochromic laminate sheet (30). The electrochromic device is at least partially defined by forming a seal (50) through the electrochromic laminate sheet (30) at a distance (D) from a peripheral edge (31). The distance (D) is preferably larger than the mean diffusion lengths of oxygen, water or an electrolyte component in the electrolyte during a predetermined time period. |
| US07952781B2 |
Method and device for scanning light
A method of scanning a light beam is disclosed. The method comprises scanning the light beam along a first axis and scanning the light beam along a second axis, such that a functional dependence of the scanning along the first axis is substantially a step-wave, and a functional dependence of the scanning along the second axis is other than a step-wave. |
| US07952780B2 |
Microactuator, optical device and exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method
A pair of support members each having a spring section in a part thereof support a mirror element, and a pair of drive mechanisms arranged respectively corresponding to a pair of the support members transform the spring sections of the corresponding support members, thereby changing a distance between each of support points at which the support members support the mirror element and a base. Accordingly, the mirror element can be translated by driving all of the drive mechanisms, or the mirror element can be inclined with respect to the base by driving some of the drive mechanisms. |
| US07952778B2 |
Biaxial MEMS mirror with hidden hinge
A multi-layer hidden hinge and actuator design for high fill factor biaxial MEMS mirror array for wavelength selective switches (WSS) based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) process with wafer bonding and coarsely aligned orthogonal vertical comb and/or parallel plate actuator. Each micro-mirror in the MEMS linear piano micro-mirror array comprises a micro-mirror layer, a hinge layer and an electrode/substrate layer. Preferably, the roll and tilt electrodes are substantially disposed along the roll axis to provide a high fill factor. The structure is formed by fabricating the layers separately in SOI structure and then bonding them together. |
| US07952775B2 |
Gray scale image cleaning system and method
A gray scale image cleaning algorithm for improved check code line OCR. An image processing system for processing a gray scale image is provided that includes: a system for generating a first thresholded black white image from the gray scale image; a system for generating a second thresholded black white image from the gray scale image, wherein the second thresholded black white image is generated with a higher threshold value than the first thresholded black white image; and a system for logically combining the first and second thresholded black white images to generate a composite image. |
| US07952768B2 |
Method of color interpolation of image detected by color filter
A color interpolation method capable of more precisely interpolating each of pixels of an image passing through a color filter of a Bayer pattern and detected by an image sensor, the method including: defining a pixel group of a matrix structure, having a pixel to be color-interpolated as a center pixel, in an image passed through a color filter of Bayer pattern and detected by an image sensor; determining whether an edge exists or not in the pixel group; interpolating a color of the center pixel using a low pass filter when an edge does not exist in the pixel group; and interpolating a color of the center pixel according to directivity of an edge when the edge exists in the pixel group. The invention suppresses noise during color interpolation and enables more precise color interpolation. |
| US07952766B2 |
Method and apparatus for processing image data and computer program
A dividing unit divides image data into a plurality of blocks. An extracting unit extracts a feature index of a first color component and a feature index of a second color component in each of the blocks. A registration unit registers information about a correspondence between the feature index of a second color component and a change in the feature index for the first color component. A code embedding unit embeds a predetermined code into the image data, by changing the feature index of the first color component based on the feature index of the second color component, using the information registered. |
| US07952765B2 |
Method of detecting pages subject to reload artifact
A method for determining if an image to be printed is subject to reload artifact, includes providing an image (which may be a low resolution version of the image) to be printed; locating within the image a first area to be printed requiring toner of sufficient quantity to cause reload of the donor roll; locating within the image a second area substantially one rotation of the donor roll subsequent to the first area; determining if the second region is a region of high area toner coverage, wherein high area toner coverage comprises toner coverage exceeding a predetermined threshold value; if the second region is a region of high area toner coverage, determining if the second region contains high frequency content; if the second region contains high frequency content, the second region is not subject to reload artifact; else the second region is subject to reload artifact. |
| US07952764B2 |
Hierarchical color error diffusion in a CMYKRGB domain
What is provided are a novel system, method, and computer program product for hierarchical (telescopic) color error diffusion which effectively controls the dot distribution for both primary and secondary dot formation which covers the class of error diffusion that follow telescopic dot firing constraint principles. In one example embodiment, an input CMYK ink coverage is received. The input CMYK ink coverage is transformed into a CMYKRGB domain using a CMYK to CMYKRGB conversion. A weighted error value can be added to each color component of the CMYKRGB domain. The color components of the CMYKRGB domain are hierarchically grouped into a plurality of subgroups based on relative dot visibility. More visible subgroups are half-toned earlier to achieve maximum uniform dot distribution. Dots of specific color channels within subgroups are fired based on thresholding and a set of decision rules provided herein. |
| US07952761B2 |
System and method to compensate streaks using a spatially varying printer model and run time updates
Systems and methods are provided for compensating for streak defects in images formed by an image forming device, such as a digital printer. The methods include using a spatially varying printer model and run time updates to generate spatially varying tone reproduction curves (STRC actuation) in an iterative control system for improving streak correction in a digital printing machine. Streaks are rapidly learned and eliminated at cycle-up and tracked and eliminated during print run time using STRC actuation. |
| US07952759B2 |
Methods, apparatus and systems for blending multiple GCRS
This disclosure provides methods, apparatus and systems for generating a multidimensional printer profile for a color printer. Specifically, the disclosure provides a method to blend multiple GCR functions or strategies to produce a final GCR blended printer profile, for example a printer profile LUT. |
| US07952758B2 |
Image forming system
An image forming system includes a PDL job receiving unit for receiving a PDL job generated by use of a page description language, a print image forming unit for interpreting the PDL job and forming a print image, a compression unit for compressing the print image, a storage unit for storing the compressed image formed by the compression unit, a hybrid print demand receiving unit for receiving a hybrid print demand that demands the compressed image in the storage unit to be hybrid-printed, an expansion unit for expanding the compressed image, and a transmitting unit for transmitting the expanded image formed by the expansion unit to a printer engine. The image forming system further includes a control unit for, when judging that the PDL job receiving unit receives the PDL job, forming the print image from the PDL job, compressing the print image and storing the compressed image in the storage unit, and when judging that the hybrid print demand receiving unit receives the hybrid print demand, expanding the compressed image in the storage unit by use of the expansion unit in response to the hybrid print demand, and sending the expanded image to the printer engine. |
| US07952754B2 |
Print data generating apparatus and computer usable medium therefore capable of creating print data suitable for printing a background color of an object to be printed in a printing apparatus
A print data generating apparatus, comprising a background color designating system, wherein at least one background color of pixels in a background area of the image to be printed is designated, a usable color designating system, wherein a color to be used to print the at least one background color of the pixels is designated among a plurality of color options including a transparent color and a specific color, a color substituting system, wherein color information of the at least one background color is substituted with color information of the color designated in the usable color designating system, and a print data creating system, in which print data to be used for printing is created based on the image data wherein the color information of the at least one background color is substituted with the color designated in the usable color designating system in the color substituting system, is provided. |
| US07952753B2 |
System and method for replacing binary level masks in a page description
A system and method for rendering an image file for outputting a copy of an image represented by the image file. In some embodiments, rendering the image includes generating an output file, such as an output bitmap based on a predetermined halftone. In one embodiment, the system comprises an input module, and a processor. The input module obtains a page description of the image to be output. In some instances, the page description includes one or more level masks designed to impart corresponding transparency levels to one or more objects in the page description. The processor (i) detects the one or more level masks in the page description, (ii) determines the one or more corresponding transparency levels of the one or more detected level masks, (iii) obtains one or more custom masks that correspond to the same one or more transparency levels as the one or more detected level masks, wherein the one or more custom masks are designed based on the predetermined halftone, and (iv) replaces the one or more level masks in the page description with the corresponding one or more custom masks. |
| US07952751B2 |
Method of printing an interface onto a surface
A method of printing an interface onto a surface is disclosed. The method starts by providing a printer comprising a data input module for receiving document data from a computer system, a coded data generator for generating coded data using at least some of the document data, the coded data being indicative of an identity of a region of a surface to be printed on and of a plurality of locations on the surface to be printed on, a printhead for printing the interface onto the surface, and an ink supply for supplying ink to the printhead, the ink supply comprising an ink set including at least one visible text/graphics ink and a coded data ink, the coded data ink being absorptive of wavelengths in the near-infrared range. Visible text/graphics and the coded data is then printed onto the surface using the printer. |
| US07952748B2 |
Display device output adjustment system and method
A display device output adjustment system comprises an electronic device having a visual adjustment module configured to automatically adjust a size of visual content displayed on a display device coupled to the electronic device based on a comparison between at least one characteristic of the display device and a desired output value. |
| US07952746B2 |
Printer for printing interactive forms
A printer is provided having an interface for receiving print data, a printhead for printing a form, using the received print data, by printing information related to at least one interactive element associated with the delivery of a greeting card, and coded data at least partially indicative of the at least one interactive element, at least some of the coded data being coincident with the information, a transceiver for receiving indicating data from a sensing device, the sensing device when placed in an operative position relative to the information, sensing at least some of the coded data and generating indicating data using the sensed coded data, the indicating data being at least partially indicative of the at least one interactive element, and a processor for transferring the indicating data to a computer system to allow the indicating data to be interpreted. |
| US07952743B2 |
Mobile telephone for printing a business card
A mobile telephone is provided for printing a business card on a print medium. The print medium has coded data indicative of a print medium identifier and the mobile telephone has an inbuilt printer module to print the business card on the print medium such that the print medium shows at least one contact detail relevant to a business. The mobile telephone also has an interface for connection to a remote server, a sensor module to sense a print media identifier of the print medium and, a processor to generate an association between the print medium identifier and the at least one contact detail. Sensing the coded data with the sensor module to derive the print medium identifier, allows the processor to perform an action in relation to the contact detail. |
| US07952741B2 |
Information-processing system causing a plurality of processing execution apparatuses to execute a plurality of kinds of processing for one kind of data
A PC has a data receiving portion to store data in the HDD, and a function ticket generating portion to store in the HDD a function ticket that defines the state of processing executed for the data. Each of a plurality of MFPs has a function ticket acquiring portion to acquire the function ticket, an object processing determining portion to determine executable object processing among processing defined by the function ticket, a data acquiring portion to acquire the data, an object processing executing portion to execute the object processing for the data, a data updating portion to update the data stored in the PC with data for which the object processing has been executed, and a function ticket updating portion to update the state of processing defined by the function ticket stored in the PC with an executed state. |
| US07952737B2 |
Print process system and computer readable medium
A print process system includes a receiving section and an executing section. The receiving section receives (i) print data or reference information of the print data, (ii) an instruction of print process for the print data and (iii) process description data, which describes a series of processes performed after the print process, or reference information to the process description data. When the print process is executed according to the received instruction of the print process, the executing section executes a process based on the series of process instruction elements described in the process description data corresponding to the instruction of the print process. |
| US07952735B2 |
Image forming apparatus and document distribution method
An image formation apparatus which includes a reader-writer that carries out reading of data from a storage medium provided for paper and writing of data to the storage medium provided for the paper, a document data acquisition section that acquires original document data to be printed on the paper, a determination section that determines whether the paper has the storage medium, and a printing out section that, when it is determined that the paper does not have the storage medium, carries out ordinary printing on the paper on the basis of the original document data, and when it is determined that the paper has the storage medium, carries out printing an image corresponding to the original document data on the paper on the basis of the original document data, and carries out writing and outputting of the original document data to the storage medium provided for the paper. |
| US07952734B2 |
Image processor updating a master file stored in a file server, method of controlling the same, and a program product for processing images
In an image processor when a request is received to print a file then from received information the location information of the file for which the print request is issued is read. The image processor then performs a process in response to the request to update a file corresponding to the read location information to that for which the request is issued. |
| US07952733B2 |
Image transfer system and image transfer method
In an image transfer system that an information terminal device and a plurality of printers are connected to a network to be able to output image data in the information terminal device to any of the printers through the network, the information terminal device broadcasts a searching inquiry request to each of the printers, each of the printers sends a searching inquiry response having an IP address of each of the printers relative to the searching inquiry request, and when a printer to output the image data in the information terminal device is selected from each of the printers, the printer sends a communication start request command to the information terminal device. |
| US07952731B2 |
Printing system, job processing method, and storage medium
A printing system includes a receive controller that enables by using a user interface unit an input of an instruction during performing of first print processing with a print apparatus, and an operation controller that enables the print apparatus to perform check processing before completion of the first print processing in the case where the instruction is input, the check processing being second print processing by using print data which is used in the first print processing, the operation controller enabling the print apparatus to continue the first print processing after the second print processing. |
| US07952727B2 |
Compact optical contour digitizer
An optical contour digitizer including a radiation source for emitting radiation therefrom, a first mirror for folding the radiation emitted from the radiation source towards an object being measured, a second mirror for folding a reflection of the radiation from the object being measured and a sensor for sensing the reflected radiation folded by the second mirror, and a method of using the same. |
| US07952724B2 |
Interferometer with multiple modes of operation for determining characteristics of an object surface
Disclosed is a system including: (i) an interferometer configured to direct test electromagnetic radiation to a test surface and reference electromagnetic radiation to a reference surface and subsequently combine the electromagnetic radiation to form an interference pattern, the electromagnetic radiation being derived from a common source; (ii) a multi-element detector; and (iii) one or more optics configured to image the interference pattern onto the detector so that different elements of the detector correspond to different illumination angles of the test surface by the test electromagnetic radiation. The apparatus is configured to operate in a first mode in which the combined light is directed to the detector so that the different regions of the detector correspond to the different illumination angles of the test surface by the test light, and a second mode in which the different regions of the detector correspond to the different regions of the test surface illuminated by the test light to enable a profiling mode of operation. |
| US07952720B2 |
Apparatus and method for using a counter-propagating signal method for locating events
An apparatus and method for using a counter-propagating signal method for locating events is disclosed. The apparatus and method uses a Mach Zehnder interferometer through which counter-propagating signals can be launched. If the sensing zone of the Mach Zehnder interferometer is disturbed, modified counter-propagating signals are produced and the time difference between receipt of those signals is used to determine the location of the event. A microcontroller receives feedback signals which adjusts polarization controllers so that the polarization states of the counter-propagating signals can be controlled to match the amplitude and/or phase of the output signals. Detectors are provided for detecting the modified signals. |
| US07952711B1 |
Waveplate analyzer based on multiple tunable optical polarization rotators
Systems, apparatus and methods for characterizing linear retarders using a waveplate analyzer constructed by polarization rotators. In one implementation of such an analyzer, both the retardation of the waveplate sample and the orientation of optical axis of the waveplate sample can be simultaneously measured. |
| US07952707B2 |
Microstructures, method for producing microstructures, and optical field amplifying device
A microstructure is formed on a conductor. The microstructure is equipped with a dielectric base material, in which a great number of fine holes having substantially the same shape in plan view are formed. The fine holes are open at the surface of the dielectric base material, and are substantially uniformly provided therein. A plurality of micro metal members are fixed to the dielectric base material. The micro metal members include filling portions that fill one or more of the fine holes, and protruding portions that protrude from the surface of the dielectric base material and are of diameters greater than the fine holes, capable of inducing local plasmon. The plurality of micro metal members include those that have different numbers of filling portions. |
| US07952700B2 |
Method of apparatus for detecting particles on a specimen
A method and apparatus of detecting a defect by inspecting a specimen in which a surface of a specimen on which plural patterns are formed is illuminated with an elongated shape light flux from one of plural directions which are different in elevation angle by switching an optical path of the light flux emitted from an illuminating light source in accordance with a kind of defect to be detected. Plural optical images of the specimen illuminated by the elongated shape light flux are captured with plural image sensors installed in different elevation angle directions by changing an enlarging magnification in accordance with a density of the pattern formed on the sample in an area irradiated with the illuminating elongated shape light flux. A defect on the specimen is detected by processing the images captured by the plural image sensors. |
| US07952699B2 |
Apparatus of inspecting defect in semiconductor and method of the same
When size of a defect on an increasingly miniaturized pattern is obtained by defect inspection apparatus in the related art, a value is inconveniently given, which is different from a measured value of the same defect by SEM. Thus, a dimension value of a defect detected by defect inspection apparatus needs to be accurately calculated to be approximated to a value measured by SEM. To this end, size of the defect detected by the defect inspection apparatus is corrected depending on feature quantity or type of the defect, thereby defect size can be accurately calculated. |
| US07952696B2 |
Exposure measurement method and apparatus, and semiconductor device manufacturing method
An exposure measurement apparatus is configured by including a size measurer measuring respective sizes of at least a pair of transferred patterns having mutually different optimal focus positions out of a plurality of transferred patterns formed by being transferred onto a transfer object, a difference value calculator obtaining a difference value between the size of one transferred pattern and the size of the other transferred pattern, a focus variation amount calculator calculating a focus variation amount of the transfer object using the difference value, and an exposure variation amount calculator calculating an exposure error amount of a wafer. |
| US07952688B2 |
Multi-waveband sensor system and methods for seeking targets
Embodiments of a multi-waveband sensor system and method for seeking targets are generally described herein. In some embodiments, the multi-waveband sensor system includes a secondary reflector positioned within a gathering path of a primary reflector to reflect the wavebands gathered by the primary reflector back through an aperture in the primary reflector. The multi-waveband sensor system may also include a laser waveband dichroic beam splitter positioned within a focal path of the secondary reflector to pass infrared (IR) wavebands and to reflect laser wavebands. A LADAR subsystem may transmit laser wavebands for reflection by the laser waveband dichroic beam splitter through the aperture to the secondary reflector for reflection to an off-axis region on the primary reflector for direction toward a target. |
| US07952684B2 |
Light-modulating nano/micro scale aperture array device having immersion layer and high speed nano scale pattern recording system using the same
An optical modulating fine aperture array device is provided. The device includes a spatial light modulation unit provided with at least one light capacity cell arranged in a shape of a matrix, wherein each of the light capacity control cells is capable of individually controlling a degree of an inputted light which passing therethrough. A micro-lens array is provided with at least one micro-lens arranged in a shape of a matrix, wherein each of the micro-lenses condenses the light passing through each of the light capacity control cells. A substrate is made of an optical transparent material. The micro-lens array is attached to one side of the substrate. An aperture array is arranged on other side surface of the substrate and provided with at least one fine aperture. An immersion thin film layer is made of an optically transparent dielectric, including and formed to have a predetermined thickness from the aperture array. |
| US07952682B1 |
Liquid crystal display device
A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight disposed at the back of the liquid crystal display panel. The backlight includes a frame, a light source, a reflective sheet, and a heat dissipating plate formed in a rectangular shape and housing the light source, the reflective sheet, and the heat dissipating plate. The heat dissipating plate is disposed between the reflective sheet and a bottom surface of the frame and includes a first portion and a second portion facing the first portion, and has a plurality of first openings at the first portion and at least one second opening at the second portion. The plurality of first openings are formed along the first portion, and each of the first openings has a first edge and a first fin formed at a part of the first edge. |
| US07952681B2 |
Spacer structure
A spacer structure includes a first substrate, an overcoat layer, first spacers, second spacers, and a second substrate. The first spacers are disposed in a first region, and the overcoat layer has a first thickness in the first region. The second spacers are disposed in a second region, and the overcoat layer has a second thickness in the second region. The first spacers and the second spacers have the same height, and the first thickness is greater than the second thickness. Accordingly, no gap exists between each of the first spacers and the second substrate; however, a gap exists between each or the second spacers and the second substrate. |
| US07952675B2 |
Liquid crystal display device and method for fabricating the same
A liquid crystal display device including 1st and 2nd substrates. A linearly extending scan electrode and a linearly extending signal electrode are formed on the 1st substrate, wherein the scan electrode extends in a direction crossing an extension direction of the signal electrode. A liquid crystal layer is between the 1st and 2nd substrates, and a pixel electrode is formed on the 1st substrate. The pixel electrode is electrically connected to both the scan and signal electrodes. The pixel electrode is divided into at least two regions such that at least two domains of different liquid crystal orientation directions are defined within a single pixel. A 1st and a 2nd of the at least two regions are not aligned in parallel with either the extension direction of the scan electrode or the extension direction of the signal electrode. The 1st and 2nd regions each include a micro-cutout pattern. |
| US07952674B2 |
Display device having counter-twisting liquid crystal areas and method of operating and manufacturing the same
A display apparatus, includes: a first substrate; a gate line formed over the first substrate; a data line traversing the gate line, and comprising a source electrode; a drain electrode facing the source electrode to define a channel area; a passivation layer formed over the data line and the drain electrode, and comprising an organic material; a pixel electrode formed over the passivation layer, and comprising a first stem electrode, at least a part of which is overlapped with the gate line or the data line, and a plurality of first branch electrodes contacted to the first stem electrode where one set of the first branch electrodes extend longitudinally in a direction different from the longitudinal extension direction of another set of the first branch electrodes so as to thereby cause opposed twisting of corresponding liquid crystal material. |
| US07952673B2 |
Display device
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which exhibits the excellent wide viewing angle characteristic and the high-speed responsiveness. A pixel region includes a switching element which is operated in response to a scanning signal from a gate signal line, a pixel electrode to which a video signal from a drain signal line is supplied through a switching element, and a counter electrode which generates an electric field between the counter electrode and the pixel electrode. The pixel region is constituted of divided respective regions. In one region, the counter electrode made of a light-transmitting material which is formed on the center except for a slight periphery of the region below an insulation film and the pixel electrode which is constituted of a group of electrodes which extend in one direction and are arranged in parallel to each other in the direction which intersects one direction above the insulation film in a state that the group of electrodes are overlapped to the counter electrode are formed. In another region, the counter electrode which is constituted of a group of electrodes which extend in one direction and are arranged in parallel to each other in the direction which intersects one direction below the insulation layer and the pixel electrode which is constituted of a group of electrodes which extend in one direction and are arranged in parallel in the direction which intersects one direction above the insulation film and is arranged alternately with the counter electrode are formed. |
| US07952672B2 |
Liquid crystal display device
A liquid crystal display device which can enhance optical transmissivity is provided. One pixel region is divided into a first pixel region, a second pixel region and a third pixel region in order from one video signal line to another video signal line, the first pixel region and the third pixel region adopt the so-called IPS-Pro type structure, and the second pixel region adopts the so-called IPS structure in narrow meaning. A line width of linear electrode in the second pixel region is set to 2.5 μm or less. |
| US07952671B2 |
Liquid crystal display device having etching stopper electrode and method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device
A liquid crystal display device comprising: a switching element that has a drain electrode and that is arranged on a substrate; a first insulating film that covers the switching element and that has a first opening on the drain electrode; a first etching stopper electrode that is formed in the first opening and that is connected to the drain electrode; a common electrode that is arranged on the first insulating film; a second insulating film that covers the first etching stopper electrode and the common electrode, and that has a second opening on the first etching stopper electrode; and a pixel electrode that is connected through the second opening to the first etching stopper electrode and that extends onto the second insulating film so as to face the common electrode. |
| US07952669B2 |
Vertically aligned liquid crystal display
A vertically aligned type liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between pixel electrodes and a common electrode and containing vertically aligned liquid crystal molecules, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules being controlled by an electric field. An orientation controller is formed on the common electrode at a position opposing the pixel electrode and an aspect ratio, i.e., a vertical to horizontal length ratio of the pixel electrode is set to at least 2. Alternatively, the pixel electrode is partitioned into at least two electrode regions so that each region represents a divided pixel electrode. An orientation controller is formed on the common-electrode so as to correspond to each divided pixel electrode, an aspect ratio of each divided pixel electrode is set to at least 2. As such, the influence at the edge sections of the pixel electrode is reduced, viewing angle characteristic and transmittance are improved, and average response time is shortened. |
| US07952668B2 |
Display medium, and manufacturing method and apparatus of the display medium
A display medium including: a pair of substrates; a pair of electrodes disposed on the pair of substrates, and facing each other; and a functional layer and a display layer disposed between the pair of electrodes with an adhesive layer disposed between the functional layer and the display layer. The display layer includes a binder and microcapsules dispersed in the binder. The microcapsules have a polymer serving as a wall material, and a liquid crystal enclosed therein. A shape of an interface of the display layer at least on the side of the adhesive layer in a cross section along a thickness direction of the disposed layers is an irregular line having a distance between a highest protruding portion and a lowest depressed portion is from about 0.5 μm to about 2.0 μm. |
| US07952665B2 |
Substrate for LCD device and method for manufacturing the same
The present invention provides a substrate for liquid crystal display devices which comprises a substrate body and an alignment film formed on a surface of the substrate body. The alignment film comprises at least two alignment film regions having different alignment characteristics, and neighboring alignment film regions are formed by coating different alignment materials to have the different alignment characteristics. |
| US07952661B2 |
Reflection type display device and its manufacturing method
A reflection-type display device (200) with a plurality of pixel regions (40) includes: a light modulation layer (1); a front substrate (10) and a rear substrate (12) between which the light modulation layer (1) is held; electrode structures (18 and 56) for varying optical characteristics of the light modulation layer (1) for each pixel region (40); a retroreflective layer (2) which is placed on a rear side of the light modulation layer (1); and a non-retroreflection member (53) which is placed on the rear side of the light modulation layer (1) and which has reflection characteristics different from retroreflection. The front substrate (10) includes a light shielding layer (20) which defines an opening (50) in the each pixel region (40), and the opening contains a non-retroreflection region (50n), which is defined by the non-retroreflection member (53), and a retroreflection region (50r), which is defined by the retroreflective layer (2). |
| US07952660B2 |
Method of fabricating black matrices of color filter
A method of fabricating black matrices of a color filter. The method includes forming a light-shielding layer of an organic material, which is repulsive to ink, on a transparent substrate, forming the black matrices by patterning the light-shielding layer, and hard-baking the black matrices to maintain a plurality of pores which are formed in the black matrices in the forming of the light-shielding layer. |
| US07952659B2 |
Color filter, method of fabricating the same and liquid-crystal display device
A color filter having two-layered light-shielding sections without a black matrix is provided, which reduces the level difference from the colored materials for pixels with a simple method and makes it possible to remove the color layer on the said sections. A red color layer having stripe-shaped red pixel formation sections and a blue color layer having stripe-shaped blue pixel formation sections are overlapped to form two-layered light-shielding sections. A green color layer having island-shaped green pixel formation sections is overlapped with the red and blue color layers, placing the green pixel formation sections in the overlapped green pixel windows of the red and blue color layers. Only the peripheries of the green pixel formation sections are placed on the light-shielding sections to facilitate the removal of the peripheries by polishing. |
| US07952657B2 |
Liquid crystal display having high color saturation
A liquid crystal display comprising a backlight module and a liquid crystal display panel is provided. The backlight module comprises a white point source that emits a spectrum of light comprising three peaks. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a liquid crystal layer disposed between a color filter substrate, which comprises a blue filter, a green filter and a red filter, and an opposite substrate. The color filter substrate and the backlight module satisfy the following formulas: ∑ 555 605 BL ( λ ) × CF Red ( λ ) × Δλ ≤ 6.0 ; ( 1 ) ∑ 580 630 BL ( λ ) × CF Green ( λ ) × Δλ ≤ 3.5 ; ( 2 ) ∑ 505 580 BL ( λ ) × CF Blue ( λ ) × Δλ ≤ 3.5 . ( 3 ) Herein, the backlight module has the maximum luminance in one wavelength, with the maximum luminance being set at 1.0. BL (λ) represents the normalized luminance spectrum at each wavelength. CFBlue(λ), CFGreen(λ) and CFRed(λ) represent the transmittance of light at each wavelength passing through the blue filter, the green filter, and the red filter respectively. Δλ is the wavelength interval. |
| US07952655B2 |
Display device with secured support on frame
A display device includes a display module, a rear cabinet and a front cabinet. The front cabinet has a front frame portion, a first rib and a second rib. The front frame portion defines a window. The first rib has a peak ridge. The first rib is integrally formed on the front frame portion, extends along the front frame portion to surround the window and protrudes rearward from the front frame portion so that the peak ridge contacts with a peripheral edge portion of the front face of the display module. The second rib has a flat top face. The second rib is integrally formed on the front frame portion, is located outward of the first rib with respect to the window with a spacing therebetween and protrudes rearward from the front frame portion. The second rib has shorter height than the first rib. |
| US07952653B2 |
Liquid crystal display device having ESD protection circuit and method for manufacturing the same
A source electrode and a drain electrode on a silicon oxide film (31) each has a double-layered structure of an ITO film (32), a transparent electrode, and a metal film (33) formed on the ITO film (32). A gap (35), no source electrode and drain electrode region, is formed between the source electrode and the drain electrode. A silicon nitride film (34) (a gate insulating film) is formed on the source electrode and the drain electrode and in the gap (35). The silicon nitride film (34) is a first region D1 having a relatively large thickness and a second region D2 having a relatively small thickness. The region D2 of the silicon nitride film (34) is provided with an MIM structure. A gate bus layer (36) is formed on the silicon nitride film (34). An MIM structure is formed in the second region D2. |
| US07952651B2 |
Liquid crystal display device
The present invention has a pixel which includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first liquid crystal element, and a second liquid crystal element. A pixel electrode of the first liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a signal line through the first switch. The pixel electrode of the first liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a pixel electrode of the second liquid crystal element through the second switch and the first resistor. The pixel electrode of the second liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a Cs line through the third switch and the second resistor. A common electrode of the first liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a common electrode of the second liquid crystal element. |
| US07952647B2 |
Method and apparatus of content adaptive detailing filtering for digital pictures
According to one embodiment, a method is disclosed. The method includes receiving video data performing pre-filtering on the data, performing content analysis is applied to identify an area of the data, applying a two-dimensional (2-D) 2nd gradient operation to extract a high frequency component and normalizing the high frequency component related to high frequency information from a previous picture. |
| US07952639B2 |
Piezoelectric actuator element for micromovement
An actuator element comprises at least two actuator arms. Each of the at least two actuator arms is fixed to a first mount part at a first end of the actuator arm and to a second mount part at a second end of the actuator arm. The at least two actuator arms are configured to cause moving of the first mount part and the second mount part in respect of each other by application of an electric field to the at least two actuator arms. A lens element may comprise the actuator element and a lens mounted on the first mount part. An electronic device may comprise the actuator element or the lens element. |
| US07952636B2 |
Method for driving solid-state imaging device and imaging apparatus
A plurality of charge accumulation packets each of which is configured to accumulate signal charges from photoelectric conversion elements corresponding to (2n−1) rows where n denotes an integer equal to or larger than 2 are formed in to vertical charge transfer sections. The signal charges of the same color component are read from the photoelectric conversion elements corresponding to plural rows into each charge accumulation packet and are added in each charge accumulation packet. Then, the signal charges in the vertical charge transfer sections are transferred by a distance corresponding to one charge accumulation packet. A signal charge, which remains in the photoelectric conversion element and has the same color component as the electric charges previously read into each charge accumulation packet, is read into each charge accumulation packet. The newly read signal charge and the previously read signal charges are added in each charge accumulation packet. |
| US07952635B2 |
Low noise readout apparatus and method with snapshot shutter and correlated double sampling
A low noise readout apparatus and method for CMOS image sensors having a photosensitive element configured to collect charge when light strikes the photosensitive element, a reset gate adjacent the photosensitive element and configured to drain excess charge from the photosensitive element, a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, in series and adjacent the photosensitive element, the first electrode actuated to transfer a signal charge from the photosensitive element to the first electrode, the second electrode actuated to transfer the signal charge from the first electrode to the second electrode, the third electrode actuated to transfer the signal charge from the second electrode to the third electrode and onto a sense node, and a readout circuit coupled to the sense node, the readout circuit measures a voltage corresponding to the signal charge transferred to the sense node. |
| US07952630B2 |
Data processor, solid-state imaging device, imaging device, and electronic apparatus
A data processor includes: a reference signal generator generating a reference signal that gradually varies to enhance an amplitude of the processing signal; a comparator comparing the processing signal with the reference signal generated by the reference signal generator; a count period controller determining to perform a real number count operation or a complement number count operation; a counter performing the count operation during the count period determined by the count period controller and acquiring a predetermined level of digital data by storing the count value at the time of completion of the count operation; and a corrector acquiring the digital data as a value of a real number by correcting the complement number count operation. The count period controller independently controls the real number count operation and the complement number count operation of the counter on the basis of a predetermined criterion. |
| US07952626B2 |
Geometric remapping with delay lines
A signal processing system distributes an input signal over a plurality of shaped signal distribution structures that are interconnected with a plurality of shaped signal pickup units. The signal distribution structures and/or the signal pickup units include delay lines. The shape of the signal distribution structures and the shape of the signal pickup units and the configuration of the interconnections between the shaped structures and the pickup units determine the type of analysis performed on the signals. The signal possessing is distributed across the shaped structures. Input information is diffracted or spread, such that statistical correlations can be found by reconverging the diffracted information. Signals propagated through the system can be a combination of analog, digital and pulse signals. Optionally, feedback is used to amplify or attenuate earlier stages, such that outputs or actions are based on the relative importance of the input signals. |
| US07952622B2 |
Imaging apparatus and imaging method
An imaging method is provided. The imaging method includes the steps of: carrying out a nonlinear correction on an imaging signal obtained from an image sensor where imaging light is converted into an imaging signal; adding a predetermined number of frames of the imaging signal with the nonlinear correction per frame; carrying out control for appropriately setting each of the correction characteristic of the nonlinear correction in the case of carrying out no frame addition and the correction characteristic of the nonlinear correction in the case of carrying out a frame addition; and selectively outputting either the imaging signal with the frame addition or the imaging signal without the frame addition. |
| US07952618B2 |
Apparatus for controlling display of detection of target image, and method of controlling same
If a user is to be notified of detection of a face image, it is so arranged that the user can be so notified without being given an odd impression. To achieve this, the image of a subject is obtained by sensing the image of the subject. The image of the subject obtained contains a portrait image, and the face-image portion of the portrait image is detected by executing processing for detecting a face image. When a face image is detected, an apple mark, strawberry mark or heart mark, etc., is displayed near the detected face image. Instead of enclosing the face image within a rectangular border, the mark is displayed near the face image. The result is that the user is not given an odd impression. |
| US07952616B2 |
Transmitting digital images to a plurality of selected receivers over a radio frequency link
An electronic camera system includes a programmable transmission capability for selectively transmitting electronic image data to a plurality of remote base units. In one embodiment, a camera module is detachably coupled to a portable computer including a display screen and a data entry device. The electronic image data generated by the camera module is supplied to the portable computer for display on the display screen. The data entry device is used by an operator to select which of the plurality of base units are to receive the digital image data. The digital image data is supplied by the portable computer to a radio-frequency transmitter module for transmission to the selected base units. The radio-frequency transmitter module is formed either integral with the portable computer or, like the camera module, is detachably coupled to the portable computer. In a further embodiment, a combined telephone/camera unit is provided that includes a camera module for generating electronic image data representative of a scene to be imaged, a memory unit for storing the electronic image data generated by the camera module, a display screen for displaying the electronic image data stored in the memory unit, a mechanism for selecting which of the plurality of base units is to receive the digital image data, and a cellular transceiver for transmitting the digital image data to the base units selected by the selection mechanism. |
| US07952614B2 |
Apparatus and method for digital image stabilization using object tracking
Apparatus for digital image stabilization using object tracking can produce a digital still image free of an image blurring phenomenon caused by shaky hands without separate hardware and can produce an image that is bright, clear, and noise free. The apparatus includes an image signal processing unit that outputs a first digital image obtained under a first exposure value condition and a plurality of second digital images obtained under a second exposure value condition. The apparatus also includes a shaky hand compensating unit that compensates for motion in comparative second digital images relative to a reference second digital image using object tracking. The compensating unit then generates a shaky hand compensated image by overlapping each compensated comparative image with the reference image. The apparatus further includes an image property correcting unit that corrects a property of the shaky hand compensated image based on a property of the first digital image. |
| US07952612B2 |
Method and system for image construction using multiple exposures
A motion sensor is used to sense the movement of the camera during an exposure period. The camera has an image sensor to form one or more exposures. When the movement is within a certain range, the exposures are used to provide one or more frames so that an image can be constructed based on the frames. In one embodiment, the exposure period is divided into several short intervals in order to capture several image frames and only the image frames captured when the position of the camera is within a predetermined range are used to form the final image. The exposure time for each frame is small in order to reduce the motion blur degradation of the individual frames. If the camera is stable and substantially stationary relative to the scene, then all or many of the shorter frames are used to form the final image. |
| US07952602B2 |
Wide field diode-laser marker with swinging projection-optics
Apparatus for laser-marking on tape includes a laser arranged to emit a modulated beam of laser-radiation. Projection-optics are arranged to focus a beam to a spot on the tape. The tape is driven under the focal spot for scanning the beam in the length direction of the tape. The projection-optics are rotated reciprocally to scan the focal spot over the tape in a direction transverse to the length direction of the tape. |
| US07952599B2 |
Heating element incorporating an array of transistor micro-heaters for digital image marking
The exemplary embodiments disclosed herein incorporate transistor heating technology to create micro-heater arrays as the digital heating element for various marking applications. The transistor heaters are typically fabricated either on a thin flexible substrate or on an amorphous silicon drum and embedded below the working surface. Matrix drive methods may be used to address each individual micro-heater and deliver heat to selected surface areas. Depending on different marking applications, the digital heating element may be used to selectively tune the wettability of thermo-sensitive coating, selectively change ink rheology, selectively remove liquid from the surface, selectively fuse/fix toner/ink on the paper. |
| US07952587B2 |
Processor and method for executing instructions requiring wide operands for multiply matrix operations
A programmable processor and method for improving the performance of processors by expanding at least two source operands, or a source and a result operand, to a width greater than the width of either the general purpose register or the data path width. The present invention provides operands which are substantially larger than the data path width of the processor by using the contents of a general purpose register to specify a memory address at which a plurality of data path widths of data can be read or written, as well as the size and shape of the operand. In addition, several instructions and apparatus for implementing these instructions are described which obtain performance advantages if the operands are not limited to the width and accessible number of general purpose registers. |
| US07952585B2 |
Interactive animation
An interactive animation environment. The interactive animation environment includes at least one user-controlled object, and the animation method for providing this environment includes determining a position of the user-controlled object, defining a plurality of regions about the position, detecting a user input to move the position of the user-controlled object, associating the detected user input to move the position of the user-controlled object with a region in the direction of movement, and providing an animation of the user-controlled object associated with the mapped region. A system and controller for implementing the method is also disclosed. A computer program and computer program product for implementing the invention is further disclosed. |
| US07952583B2 |
Quasi-monte carlo light transport simulation by efficient ray tracing
Methods, systems, devices and computer program code (software) products operable within a computer graphics system or other computer system enable quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) light transport simulation by ray tracing: and include constructing a bounding interval hierarchy (BIH), within a computer, using quantized planes to reduce memory requirements while maintaining a selected degree of precision. |
| US07952577B2 |
Automatic 3D modeling system and method
An automatic 3D modeling system and method are described in which a 3D model may be generated from a picture or other image. For example, a 3D model for a face of a person may be automatically generated. The system and method also permits gestures/behaviors associated with a 3D model to automatically generated so that the gestures/behaviors may be applied to any 3D models. |
| US07952574B2 |
Apparatus and method for a frustum culling algorithm suitable for hardware implementation
A method and apparatus for a frustum culling algorithm suitable for hardware implementation. In one embodiment, the method includes the separation of coordinates of a normal vector of each frustum plane of a frustum view into positive normal coordinates and negative normal coordinates. In one embodiment, the separation of the coordinates of each normal vector of the frustum planes enables implicit selection of the coordinates of a negative vertex (N-vertex) of an axis-aligned bounded box (AABB). Once implicitly selected, it is determined whether the N-vertex of the AABB is outside at least one frustum plane. In one embodiment, a determination that the N-vertex of the AABB is outside at least one of the frustum planes provides a trivial reject of objects enclosed by the AABB that are therefore is excluded from the rendering process. Other embodiments are described and claimed. |
| US07952573B2 |
Method and apparatus for billboard with advertisement including electroluminescent lighting
Method and apparatus provide for attaching a planar electroluminescent lamp unit to the side of a billboard, and providing a media adhered to the surface of the lamp unit and to the side of the billboard adjacent the lamp unit, wherein the media has advertising indicia printed thereon. The lamp unit is connected to a source of power on the billboard. |
| US07952572B2 |
Image data driving apparatus and method of reducing peak current
A source driver includes a hold memory block, a pre-decoding block, a level shifting block and digital-to-analog (DAC) block. The hold memory block stores digital image data. The pre-decoding block generates a data code that includes at least one bit having a first logic level based on the digital image data and generates a plurality of enable signals based on the data code. The level shifting block performs level shifting of the data code based on the enable signals. The DAC block outputs a grayscale voltage that is selected based on the level shifted data code output from the level shifting block. A source driver module and a display device include a plurality of the source drivers. |
| US07952567B2 |
Touch sensor with improved electrode pattern
A touch sensor includes a substrate with a touch region, and a series resistor chain for creating electrical fields across the touch region. The resistor chain comprises a plurality of conductive electrodes that to form overlap resistors therebetween. The electrodes have inner portions that are separated by junctions. The touch sensor also includes insulating regions between the touch region and the resistor chain. The insulating regions are separated by gaps to provide a plurality of conductive pathways to the touch region, thereby minimizing non-linear ripple along the sourcing sides of the substrate. Some of the gaps are junction gaps that are formed between the touch region and junctions. Electrically conductive islands are placed within the junction gaps to provide an electrical node within each junction gap, thereby preventing bunching of equipotential lines within the junction, and minimizing non-linear ripple along the non-sourcing sides of the substrate. |
| US07952566B2 |
Apparatus and method for touch screen interaction based on tactile feedback and pressure measurement
An apparatus includes a display section with a touch screen, and the touch screen is adapted to display at least one graphical user interface object and detect a touch position on the touch screen. The apparatus has a haptic feedback generating unit attached to the touch screen and is adapted to generating haptic feedback. A pressure sensing unit is attached to the touch screen and adapted to detect pressure applied to the touch screen. A controller section is adapted to control and drive the display section. The graphical user interface object displayed on the touch screen has a plurality of logical states. The controller section determines a current logical state of the graphical user interface object and a form of the haptic feedback to be generated depending on the detected touch position. |
| US07952564B2 |
Multiple-touch sensor
A touch sensor method and device are described that allow one or more simultaneous touches to be sensed and mapped to Cartesian coordinates. The device utilizes closely spaced multiple conducting strips to provide digital location of a touch position according to the position strip and analog location along the length of the strip. When the strips are energized individually and in coordinated ways, multiple touches are individually sensed and their positions are reported. |
| US07952563B2 |
Touch position detecting device, method of detecting touch position and touch screen display device having the same
A touch position detecting method, a device using the method, and a touch screen display device having the device are disclosed. A touch sensing unit senses a touch event and outputs a sensing data. A reference update unit updates a reference data with an n-th frame sensing data provided from the touch sensing unit, based on a predetermined update signal. A position detecting unit detects the touch position by using the reference data and an (n+i)-th frame sensing data from the touch sensing unit. Therefore, the touch position is easily detected by determining a difference between the reference data and the sensing data at a certain time. |
| US07952560B2 |
Pointing device for display presentation and method and pointer display apparatus and method
A pointing apparatus and method and a pointer display apparatus and method using a virtual region which generate a virtual region corresponding to a detected display region, convert coordinates of a location, and display a pointer at the converted coordinates. The pointing device includes a region detector detecting a display region, which displays a pointer, using at least one received signal; a virtual region generator generating the virtual region corresponding to the display region and having an aspect ratio equal to that of the display region; a coordinate converter converting coordinates of a location, which is pointed at by the pointing device, in the virtual region into ratios of the coordinates of the location to a size of the virtual region; and a coordinate ratio transmitter transmitting the ratios. |
| US07952558B2 |
Methods for driving electrophoretic display so as to avoid persistent unidirectional current through TFT switches
Certain types of displays such as electrophoretic displays tend to deteriorate if their pixel units are persistently driven by currents flowing in only one direction for the purpose of maintaining (i.e. refreshing) a relatively constant optical state. A first method pulses the pixel unit with a drive pulse of opposed polarity but duration too short (i.e. less than 1/25 second) for a viewer to notice. A second method pulses the pixel unit with a drive pulse of opposed polarity but magnitude to small to effect change in optical state. |
| US07952555B2 |
Luminance control method, liquid crystal display device and computer program
A luminance detected by a built-in photosensor and a luminance of light emitted from a backlight through a liquid crystal panel are measured in a plurality of states where the backlight has a different luminance, and are preliminarily stored in a storage unit. Moreover, a luminance of light emitted through the liquid crystal panel in each input level when the maximum luminance of light emitted through the liquid crystal panel is a predetermined value is measured and is preliminarily stored in the storage unit. The maximum luminance of light emitted through the liquid crystal panel is then accepted, the luminance of the backlight is controlled, the luminance in each input level and an ideal luminance in each gray level are calculated, and an input level which gives a luminance substantially equal to the ideal luminance in each gray level is obtained to update an LUT. |
| US07952553B2 |
Amplifier circuits in which compensation capacitors can be cross-connected so that the voltage level at an output node can be reset to about one-half a difference between a power voltage level and a common reference voltage level and methods of operating the same
A circuit includes an amplifier circuit that is configured to generate voltage levels between a power voltage level and a common reference voltage level at an output thereof responsive to image data. A reset control circuit is configured to reset the voltage level at the output of the amplifier circuit to about one-half of a difference between the power voltage level and the common reference voltage level. |
| US07952552B2 |
Apparatus and method for driving liquid crystal display device
An apparatus and method for driving an LCD device is provided. The apparatus for driving an LCD device comprises an image display unit that includes liquid crystal cells formed in each region defined by a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines. A data driver supplies analog video signals to the respective data lines. A gate driver supplies scan pulses to the respective gate lines. A data converter detects motion vectors from input data and generating modulated data by filtering the input data in accordance with the motion vectors to generate overshoot or undershoot in a boundary along a motion direction. A timing controller aligns the modulated data to supply the aligned data to the data driver and operates the data driver and the gate driver. |
| US07952550B2 |
Liquid crystal driver, liquid crystal display device, and liquid crystal driving method
A selector (103A) outputs a gray level voltage corresponding to pixel data (D-A) as drive voltage (Va). When the drive voltage (Va) is written in a source line (LineS-A), switches (105A-1, 105A-2) are ON while a switch (106A) is OFF. When the drive voltage (Va) written in the source line (LineS-A) is retained, the switches (105A-1,105A-2) are OFF while the switch (106A) is ON. |
| US07952546B2 |
Sample/hold circuit, electronic system, and control method utilizing the same
A sample/hold circuit is appropriate for a pixel unit including a liquid crystal capacitor and includes a sampling transistor, a sampling capacitor, a first switching transistor, and a second switching transistor. The sampling transistor is coupled to the liquid crystal capacitor for sampling a voltage stored in the liquid crystal capacitor. The sampling capacitor stores the sampling result. The first switching transistor includes a gate and a source respectively coupled to two terminals of the sampling capacitor. The second switching transistor includes a gate and a drain respectively coupled to the terminals of the sampling capacitor. |
| US07952543B2 |
Drive circuit, display apparatus, and method for adjusting screen refresh rate
A display apparatus and a drive circuit for adjusting a screen refresh rate of the display apparatus and a method thereof are disclosed. The display apparatus comprises an OLED diode display array and a drive circuit. The drive circuit comprises a detection unit, a clock generating unit, and a timing control unit. The detection unit determines whether a plurality of frames displayed by the OLED diode display array are configured as a dynamic frame. The detection unit generates a first control signal when the displayed frames are not configured as a dynamic frame, and the detection unit generates a second control signal when the displayed frames are configured as a dynamic frame. The clock generating unit generates a clock signal, the frequency of which is a first frequency in response to the first signal, or a second frequency in response to the second signal. The first frequency is greater than the second frequency. The timing control unit sets the screen refresh rate of the display apparatus in response to the frequency of the clock signal. |
| US07952539B2 |
Apparatus for supplying driving signals to plasma display panel and plasma display panel thereof
The present invention relates to a driving apparatus for supplying a driving signal to a plasma display panel, and a plasma display apparatus employing the same. A reset signal supplied during a reset period of a first subfield of a plurality of subfields includes a first rising period where a voltage rises up to a first voltage, and a first sustain period where the first voltage is sustained. A reset signal supplied during a reset period of a second subfield includes a second rising period where a voltage rises up to a second voltage lower than the first voltage, and a second sustain period where the second voltage is sustained. The second voltage is higher than a sustain voltage. In accordance with the present invention, if it is sought to reset discharge cells of a PDP in a reset period, a signal whose voltage gradually rises up to a voltage higher than the sustain voltage is applied to a scan electrode. Accordingly, wall charges of the scan electrode for addressing can be controlled effectively, the highest voltage of the reset signal can be lowered and, therefore, driving margin can be secured. Further, since the sustain period of the highest voltage is included, stabilized discharge can be generated irrespective of variation of an APL of a display screen. |
| US07952534B2 |
Microstrip antenna
A plurality of antenna electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 on a substrate 1 can be connected to a ground electrode on the substrate 1 via connectors at spots 11A-11C, 12A-12C, 13A-13C, and 14A-14C. Each connector can be opened/closed by a switch; or provided with a impedance varying device. Any one of the antenna electrodes may be connected to the ground electrode by the switch or the impedance varying device. The radio wave beam outputted from this antenna electrode shifts in phase from the radio wave beams outputted from the other antenna electrodes, whereby the direction of the integrated radio wave beam is inclined. Connecting one or another of the spots 11A-11C, 12A-12C, 13A-13C, and 14A-14C to the ground electrode changes the direction and the magnitude of the integrated radio wave beam. |
| US07952527B2 |
IC tag
According to the present invention, there is disclosed an antenna circuit characterized by comprising: a substrate, a surface circuit consisting of a planar coil circuit portion and at least one pair of opposed electrodes connected to the planar coil circuit portion formed on the substrate, at least one terminal for formation of broken line, formed in a conductor constituting the surface circuit, and a broken line which penetrates through the substrate and the surface circuit and which has, in the terminal for formation of broken line, at least one uncut part passing through the terminal for formation of broken line. |
| US07952526B2 |
Compact dual-band resonator using anisotropic metamaterial
A dual-band resonator with compact size, such as a resonant type dual-band antenna, which uses an anisotropic metamaterial is described. The artificial anisotropic medium is implemented by employing a composite right/left-handed transmission line. The dispersion relation and the antenna physical size only depend on the composition of the unit cell and the number of cells used. By engineering the characteristics of the unit cells to be different in two orthogonal directions, the corresponding propagation constants can be controlled, thus enabling dual-band antenna resonances. In addition, the antenna dimensions can be markedly minimized by maximally reducing the unit cell size. A dual-band antenna is also described which is designed for operation at frequencies for PCS/Bluetooth applications, and which has a physical size of 1/18λ0× 1/18λ0× 1/19λ0, where λ0 is the free space wavelength at 2.37 GHz. |
| US07952522B2 |
Relative 3D positioning in an ad-hoc network based on distances
A positioning apparatus for a wireless ad-hoc network that can measure distances between network nodes that are in range and connected to each other. The positioning apparatus can calculate 3D positions of some nodes using the distance values using a relative coordinate system, first by measuring distances to neighbored nodes, receiving and sending distance reports to/from neighbors, by second initially advantageously selecting the set of base nodes to which the coordinate system relates, and by calculating positions of the base nodes and other nodes in the network initially, and by third detecting movements in the network and by calculating positions of the moved nodes. The network can compensate for movements of the base nodes, select the base nodes in an advantageous way, and cope with sleeping nodes, with unreliable communication, and with fluctuating network topologies. Neighbor communication is used only if no node is sleeping. |
| US07952520B2 |
DVOR monitor device, and DVOR monitor method
A monitor antenna receives radio waves transmitted from a Doppler very high frequency omnidirectional radio range (DVOR) device and includes a carrier signal and a subcarrier signal, orthogonal detectors shift a phase of a signal of each subcarrier component by a phase difference equivalent to a prescribed distance away from the DVOR apparatus relative to a signal of a carrier component, and a combiner combines signals of the carrier component and the subcarrier component to output the combined signal to a DVOR demodulator. |
| US07952506B2 |
ΔΣ-type A/D converter
There is provided a technique for reducing the adverse effect of idle tones in the channels in a ΔΣ-type A/D converter including a plurality of channels for converting analog input signals into digital signals. The ΔΣ-type A/D converter includes an L channel for converting a left analog input signal into a digital signal and an R channel for converting a right analog input signal into a digital signal. Each of the L channel and the R channel includes a DC dither circuit for generating a DC addition voltage for shifting the frequency of an idle tone. In the L channel and the R channel, DC addition voltages generated by DC dither circuits are different from each other. |
| US07952499B1 |
Random access in run-length encoded structures
Random access to run-length encoded data values is provided. A target value is identified by a logical index into a structure of run-length-encoded values. To access the value, a bookmark is selected based on the logical index, on a maximum logical index of the bookmark, and on a specified bookmark distance. An initial run in the structure is located, based on the selected bookmark. A final run is chosen, at most one bookmark distance from the initial run. The target value is the value of the final run. Efficiency heuristics are used when generating bookmarks or creating the structure of run-length-encoded values. |
| US07952497B2 |
Handheld electronic device and method for disambiguation of compound text input for prioritizing compound language solutions according to quantity of text components
A handheld electronic device includes a reduced QWERTY keyboard and is enabled with disambiguation software that is operable to disambiguate compound text input. The device is able to assemble language objects in the memory to generate compound language solutions. The device is able to prioritize compound language solutions according to various criteria. |
| US07952496B2 |
Handheld electronic device and associated method employing a multiple-axis input device and reinitiating a text disambiguation session upon returning to a delimited word
A handheld electronic device includes a reduced QWERTY keyboard and is enabled with disambiguation software. The device provides output in the form of a default output and a number of variants. The output is based largely upon the frequency, i.e., the likelihood that a user intended a particular output, but various features of the device provide additional variants that are not based solely on frequency and rather are provided by various logic structures resident on the device. The device enables editing during text entry and also provides a learning function that allows the disambiguation function to adapt to provide a customized experience for the user. The disambiguation function can be selectively disabled and an alternate keystroke interpretation system provided. During text entry, a user is able to delimit a language entry session, such the entering of a word, by actuating a multiple-axis input device or another input device. The user can also reinitiate the language entry session by actuating a linguistic input member at a location abutting the delimited word. |
| US07952493B2 |
System and method for rendering a primary flight display having an attitude frame element
A flight deck display element for an aircraft includes a primary flight display rendered thereon. The primary flight display includes a primary display region having a perimeter, a perspective view of terrain corresponding to a flight deck viewpoint, and an attitude frame surrounding the perimeter of the primary display region. The perspective view of terrain is rendered in the primary display region, and the attitude frame includes a first region and a second region rendered with different visually distinguishable characteristics. The boundaries of the first region and the second region are defined by a current attitude condition of the aircraft. |
| US07952490B2 |
Method for identifying the activation of the brake lights of preceding vehicles
An image processing method for detecting the activation of brake lights of vehicles driving in front, which do not emit an additional or a changed modulated signal during the braking procedure, has been presented. For this purpose, an image sensor or an image sensor system is aligned to a point in front of the vehicle, the camera images are fed into a memory and a motor vehicle driving in front is identified by means of a pattern recognition method on the image; in addition, following the detection of the vehicle, image areas are determined which contain brake lights to a high degree of probability. |
| US07952488B1 |
Method and system for monitoring latent faults in power supplies
A method and system for monitoring latent faults in power supplies may include a variable voltage source and a logic module that may be coupled to an OR FET circuit. The monitoring system may also include comparators for measuring a voltage drop across a FET and, based upon a value of the voltage drop, may determine a latent fault, such as a short circuit or open circuit across the FET. |
| US07952484B2 |
Entertaining or advertising hygiene apparatus
A method and apparatus are disclosed which involve an improved way to coerce use of a soap dispenser (or other hygiene device). A soap dispenser according to at least one embodiment, includes a teaching or entertaining device that is fun and informative that is triggered when the soap dispenser is utilized. The soap dispenser may also be utilized as an advertising tool. |
| US07952482B2 |
Surface acoustic wave coding for orthogonal frequency coded devices
Methods and systems for coding SAW OFC devices to mitigate code collisions in a wireless multi-tag system. Each device producing plural stepped frequencies as an OFC signal with a chip offset delay to increase code diversity. A method for assigning a different OCF to each device includes using a matrix based on the number of OFCs needed and the number chips per code, populating each matrix cell with OFC chip, and assigning the codes from the matrix to the devices. The asynchronous passive multi-tag system includes plural surface acoustic wave devices each producing a different OFC signal having the same number of chips and including a chip offset time delay, an algorithm for assigning OFCs to each device, and a transceiver to transmit an interrogation signal and receive OFC signals in response with minimal code collisions during transmission. |
| US07952474B2 |
Nuisance alarm filter
An alarm filter (22) for use in a security system (14) to reduce the occurrence of nuisance alarms receives sensor signals (S1-Sn, Sv) from a plurality of sensors (18, 20) included in the security system (14). The alarm filter (22) produces an opinion output as a function of the sensor signals and selectively modifies the sensor signals as a function of the opinion output to produce verified sensor signals (S1′-Sn′). |
| US07952473B2 |
Liquid level detecting apparatus
A liquid level detecting apparatus includes a liquid level sensor of a variable resistance type which includes a sliding contact and a resistor, and which detects a resistance change corresponding to a change of a liquid level of a liquid in a tank and outputs a detection signal based on the change of the liquid level when the liquid level sensor is energized and a controlling unit which controls to supply energization pulses periodically to the liquid level sensor, and controls a displaying portion to display a remaining amount of the liquid in the tank, on the basis of the detection signal output from the liquid level sensor. The controlling unit changes a number of the energization pulses supplied to the liquid level sensor in a predetermined time, on the basis of the detection signal output from the liquid level sensor. |
| US07952466B2 |
Method and system for protecting RFID tags on purchased goods
A method for controlling access to data contained within a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag associated with an item includes reading the RFID tag; receiving a first value from a personal communication device associated with a purchaser of the item; creating a key using the first value received from the personal communication device and a second value associated with the item; and initially transmitting the key to both the RFID tag and the personal communication device. The RFID tag is configured to automatically program one or more electrically programmable fuse devices therein so as to prevent subsequent reading of data therein by an RFID reading device, upon receipt of a valid key initially transmitted thereto. The RFID tag is further configured to automatically program one or more additional fuse devices therein so as to restore read access to the data therein, upon receipt of a valid key subsequently transmitted thereto. |
| US07952465B2 |
Wireless tag determination system and wireless tag determination method
A wireless tag determination system includes a detection information storage configured to store information detected from a wireless tag by a tag reader, as detection information. A determination requesting unit is configured to request a determination for reliability of existence of the wireless tag within a detection range of the tag reader. A reliability determination unit is configured to determine the reliability by use of the detection information, in response to the request. |
| US07952458B2 |
Balun with a 1/4 impedance ratio
A mode-switching transformer with a 1-to-4 impedance ratio having a first planar winding formed in a first conductive level from a first differential mode terminal outside of the winding; a second planar winding formed in a second conductive level from a second differential mode terminal outside of the winding; a via of interconnection of the central ends of the first and second windings intended to be connected to ground; and at least one third planar winding in one of the two conductive levels, interdigited with the first or the second winding from a first common-mode terminal outside of the winding, the internal end of the third winding being connected to the via for direct grounding. |
| US07952457B2 |
Coil component
A coil component that can be mounted on a printed circuit board, with a part in an aperture of the printed circuit board. The coil component includes a first flange on an upper side and a second flange. Terminal boards are on respective opposite sides of the first flange. Terminals respectively project in a direction perpendicular to an axial direction of a winding drum, from the terminal boards and bend and are inserted into through-holes of the printed circuit board. First and second touching surfaces, which are parts of a downside surface of the second flange, touch an upside surface of the printed circuit board. |
| US07952449B2 |
Coaxial connector having a dielectric material for impedance matching
A coaxial connector includes a first inner conductor and a second inner conductor. A capacitor connects between the first inner conductor and the second inner conductor. An outer conductor extends along and surrounds the first and second inner conductors and the capacitor. A first dielectric material is filled in a gap between the outer conductor and the first and second inner conductors. A support member supports the first and second inner conductors with respect to the outer conductor. A second dielectric material for impedance matching is provided between the capacitor and the outer conductor. |
| US07952448B2 |
Device comprising an element with electrodes coupled to connections
An adaptive cruise control system and a method for controlling the speed of a vehicle are disclosed. The system generally includes a controller which determines a torque instruction associated with a limit speed of the vehicle which is less than a selected speed. The method generally includes determining a distance between the vehicle and an object detected in the path of the vehicle, determining a torque instruction which is associated with a limit speed which is less than a selected speed from at least the distance, and transmitting the torque instruction to an engine controller of the vehicle. |
| US07952447B2 |
Adaptive EMI reduction technique for wireline PHYS in multi-port applications
An adaptive electromagnetic interference (EMI) detection and reduction device for multi-port applications is provided. The invention includes at least two physical devices (PHY), where the PHYs transmit data along wire pairs to a register jack (RJ). The transmissions create EMI along the wire pairs, where the transmissions have constructively interfering resonant frequencies having phases and amplitudes. An antenna is disposed proximal to each RJ, where the antennae detect each frequency. A resonating network determines a peak amplitude of each frequency, an envelope detector amplifies each peak amplitude from the resonating network. A discretization circuit converts the amplified peak to discrete amplitude values, where the discretization circuit transmits the discrete amplitude values to a controller. The controller receives the discrete amplitude values from the discretization circuit, and communicates with each PHY, where a phase or frequency of the PHY signal is modified to minimize the constructive interference between the resonant frequencies. |
| US07952446B2 |
Microcomputer having CPU and PWM timer
A microcomputer includes: a CPU executing a predetermined calculation process; and a PWM timer generating a PWM pulse. The PWM timer includes a RAM for storing a duty value of the PWM pulse and a PWM controller for generating the PWM pulse. The PWM controller includes a PWM counter for counting up from a predetermined value as an initial value. The PWM pulse has an unit waveform, which is generated based on comparison between the duty value of the RAM and an output value of the PWM counter. The RAM outputs a new duty value at every comparison without functioning the CPU so that the duty value of the PWM pulse is changed in chronological order. |
| US07952441B2 |
Electromagnetic-wave oscillator
An electromagnetic-wave oscillator includes a substrate, an EMW oscillating unit including a gain portion, an EMW resonance portion, an EMW radiating portion, and a ground (GND) portion, and a supplying unit for supplying electric power to the EMW oscillating unit. The ground portion regulates a predetermined reference electric potential for the gain portion, the EMW resonance portion, and the EMW radiating portion. The EMW oscillating unit is disposed on a first surface of the substrate. The supplying unit is disposed on a second surface of the substrate extending on an opposite side to the first surface. The EMW oscillating unit and the supplying unit are electrically connected via a penetrating electrode formed in the substrate. |
| US07952439B1 |
System and method for phase locking multiple oscillators
Multiple microwave oscillators can be phase locked such that the power output of multiple oscillators can be coherently combined to achieve a single output which has the total sum power of the multiple oscillators. Multiple oscillators assembled in a power combining array are phase locked using a locking signal provided at each oscillator via strategic placement of a partial obstruction between combined multiple oscillators and a load. This locking signal includes a minimum threshold level and preselected phase. A method for phase locking multiple microwave oscillators includes steps of combining power output of multiple microwave oscillators to achieve a single output to a load and inserting a partial obstruction between said at least two multiple oscillators and said load. The partial obstruction configured to provide a combined microwave oscillator signal including a minimum threshold and preselected phase. |
| US07952434B2 |
Semiconductor device
Power amplifier circuits which constitute an RF power module used for a digital device capable of handling high frequency signals in two frequency bands are disposed over the same IC chip. The power amplifier circuits are disposed around the IC chip, and a secondary circuit is disposed between the power amplifier circuits. Thus, the power amplifier circuits are provided within the same IC chip to enable a size reduction. Further, the distance between the power amplifier circuits is ensured even if the power amplifier circuits are provided within the same IC chip. It is therefore possible to suppress the coupling between the power amplifier circuits and restrain crosstalk between the power amplifier circuits. |
| US07952433B2 |
Power amplifiers with discrete power control
Systems and methods are provided for power amplifiers with discrete power control. The systems and methods may include a plurality of unit power amplifiers; a plurality of primary windings, wherein each primary winding is connected to at least one respective output port of a respective one the plurality of unit power amplifiers; a secondary winding inductively coupled to the plurality of primary windings, where the secondary winding provides an overall output; a bias controller, where the bias controller provides a respective bias voltage based at least in part on a level of output power to one or more of the plurality of unit power amplifiers; and a switch controller, where the switch controller operates to activate or deactivate at least one of the plurality of unit power amplifiers via a respective control signal. |
| US07952430B1 |
Amplifier circuit, integrated circuit and radio frequency communication unit
An amplifier circuit for amplifying a differential input signal includes a first feedback resistance, a second feedback resistance, first transconductance circuitry, and second transconductance circuitry. The first feedback resistance is connected between a first input node and a first output node of the amplifier circuit. The second feedback resistance is connected between a second input node and a second output node of the amplifier circuit. The first transconductance circuitry is arranged to inject a transconductance current at a point along the first feedback resistance, and is configurable to vary the point along the first feedback resistance where the transconductance current is injected. The second transconductance circuitry is arranged to inject another transconductance current at a point along the second feedback resistance, and is configurable to vary the point along the second feedback resistance where the another transconductance current is injected. |
| US07952429B2 |
Multiple-input and multiple-output amplifier having pseudo-differential inputs
The invention relates to an amplifier capable of delivering a plurality of output signals, these output signals being controlled by a plurality of input signals. A multiple-input and multiple-output amplifier of the invention comprises a common input terminal, 4 signal input terminals, 4 signal output terminals, a common terminal amplifier, 4 active sub-circuits and a feedback network. Each active sub-circuit has a sub-circuit input terminal connected to one of the signal input terminals, a sub-circuit output terminal connected to one of the signal output terminals and a sub-circuit common terminal. The feedback network has four C terminals and one R terminal. Each of said C terminals of the feedback network is coupled to the sub-circuit common terminal of one of said active sub-circuits. The output terminal of the common terminal amplifier is coupled to said R terminal of the feedback network. |
| US07952428B2 |
Dynamically adjustable low noise, low power instrumentation amplifier
A circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes an instrumentation amplifier, a dynamically adjustable low pass filter, at least one monitor and a controller. The instrumentation amplifier includes a pair of buffered operational amplifiers that accept a pair of input signals, and a differential operational amplifier that outputs an output signal indicative of a difference between the pair of input signals. The dynamically adjustable low pass filter is configured to provide band limiting of the output signal at frequencies greater than a cutoff frequency. The monitor, or monitors, is/are configured to monitor a signal upstream of the instrumentation amplifier and/or a signal downstream of the instrumentation amplifier and output a monitor signal. The controller is configured to receive the monitor signal, or signals, and to dynamically adjust output voltage noise at frequencies greater than the crossover frequency of the multipath amplifiers and/or the cutoff frequency of the low pass filter based on the monitor signal, or signals. |
| US07952426B2 |
Digital audio amplifier and digital audio amplifying method therefor
A digital audio signal amplifier and a digital audio signal amplifying method provide safety and power efficiency by integrating a switching mode power supply and a digital audio amplifier into an apparatus. The digital audio amplifier includes a pulse modulation unit generate a pulse modulated audio signal by pulse-modulating an input audio signal, a switching unit to switch a DC voltage based on the pulse modulated audio signal, an insulation transformer to transform the output of the switching unit and to output the result of the transforming, and a low-pass filter to obtain an audio signal corresponding to the input audio signal by low-pass filtering the output of the insulation transformer, and to output the output audio signal. By integrating a switching mode power supply and a digital audio amplifier into an apparatus, the digital audio amplifier satisfies the insulation requirement and at the same time increases power efficiency. |
| US07952422B2 |
Methods and apparatus for varying a supply voltage or reference voltage using independent control of diode voltage in asymmetrical double-gate devices
Methods and apparatus are provided for varying one or more of a supply voltage and reference voltage in an integrated circuit, using independent control of a diode voltage in an asymmetrical double-gate device. An integrated circuit is provided that is controlled by one or more of a supply voltage and a reference voltage. The integrated circuit comprises an independently controlled asymmetrical double-gate device to adjust one or more of the supply voltage and the reference voltage. The independent control may comprise, for example, a back gate bias. The independently controlled asymmetrical double-gate device may be employed in a number of applications, including voltage islands, static RAM, and to improve the power and performance of a processing unit. |
| US07952421B2 |
All NPN-transistor PTAT current source
The present invention relates to an improved PTAT current source and a respective method for generating a PTAT current. Opportune collector currents are generated and forced in two transistors exploiting the logarithmic relation between the base-emitter voltage and the collector current of a transistor. A resistor senses a voltage difference between the base-emitter voltages of the two transistors, which can have either the same or different areas. A fraction of the current flowing through the resistor is forced into a transistor collector and mirrored by an output transistor for providing an output current. By this principle an all npn-transistor PTAT current source can be provided that does not need pup transistors as in conventional PTAT current sources. The invention is generally applicable to a variety of different types of integrated circuits needing a PTAT current reference, especially in modern advanced technologies as InP and GaAs where p-type devices are not available. For example, the PTAT current source circuit of the invention can be used in radio frequency power amplifiers, in radio frequency tag circuits, in a satellite microwave front-end. |
| US07952418B2 |
Enhanced transistor gate drive
An enhanced transistor gate drive is disclosed in which a pair of Kelvin sense leads measure the voltage potential across at the gate and source of the transistor. The difference in the voltage potential of the Kelvin sense lead from the gate and the Kelvin sense lead of the source is provided to a voltage controlled current source, which compares the output of the voltage differentiator to an oscillating voltage input. Changes to the voltage difference between the Kelvin sense connectors will result in more or less voltage being applied at the gate of the transistor, thereby parasitic inductance in the transistor from causing the device to switch on and off. |
| US07952411B2 |
Programmable digital delay
A method of delaying successive first and second input signals by first and second different selectable time periods using a programmable delay line comprising a sequence of delay elements, each introducing a delay, the method comprising the steps of: providing a control signal to each delay element, the control signal selectively being in a first logic state or a second logic state wherein in a first logic state the delay element selects an input from an adjacent delay element thereby to select the delay elements as part of a set of delay elements introducing said selectable time period and in a second logic state the delay element is not selected in the set; setting the control signals for a first number of adjacent delay elements to the first logic state to introduce the first selectable time period wherein the control signals for the delay elements in the sequence not in the first number are set to the second logic state; and setting the control signals of a second number of adjacent delay elements to the first logic state to introduce a second selectable time period, wherein the control signals for the delay elements in the sequence not in the second number are set to the second logic state; whereby the reconfiguration time between the first and second input signals is less than the maximum delay introduced by the sequence of delay elements. |
| US07952409B2 |
Clock generation circuit and integrated circuit
A clock generation circuit comprises: a first generation unit; a second generation unit; and a control unit that, using a plurality of third delay elements that respectively have a propagation delay time that correlates with the propagation delay time of a first delay element, and correlates with the propagation delay time of a second delay element, generates a control signal for controlling the third delay elements such that a total of propagation delay times of the plurality of third delay elements corresponds to a target value depending on a cycle of the external clock, and controls the propagation delay time of the first delay element, the propagation delay time of the second delay element, and the propagation delay times of the third delay elements using the control signal. |
| US07952408B2 |
Embedded phase noise measurement system
Phase noise detection systems for a device under test (DUT) are provided that can be embedded within a chip. According to one embodiment, the embedded phase noise detection system can include an active delay line cell, a phase shifter, and a phase detector. The active delay line and phase shifter separately receive the output signal of the DUT. The phase detector can include a double-balanced mixer followed by an active RC filter. The double-balanced mixer receives, as input, the outputs from the active delay line and phase shifter and can produce different dc voltages proportional to the difference from the input phase quadrature. An auto-adjustment circuit can also be included to help the input signal from the phase shifter to the mixer maintain quadrature. |
| US07952407B2 |
Voltage disturbance and harmonics monitor
An electronic monitor for monitoring characteristics of an AC power line for swells, sags, RMS voltage, impulses, total harmonic distortion (THD) and frequency. The waveform is received at the monitor, scaled to a lower magnitude, rectified by an op amp with zero offset voltage, converted a digital form which is representative of the waveform and processed to determine the occurrence of any irregularity in the AC power waveform. Two DMA channels are used to store each cycle, or groups of cycles, of the waveform into two buffers for further processing. An input surge protective circuit limits impulse voltage to the power supply. Related methods are also disclosed. |
| US07952405B2 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device for providing a reliable data valid window includes a drive control unit configured to output a driving power control signal in response to an internal clock and a command signal; a sub-drive voltage supply unit configured to supply sub-drive voltages; a main drive unit configured to generate a delay-locked loop (DLL) clock by driving the internal clock with a main drive voltage; a sub-drive unit configured to drive the internal clock with the sub-drive voltage in response to the driving power control signal; and a data output driver configured to drive and output a data signal in sync with the DLL clock, wherein the main drive unit and the sub-drive unit share their output terminal. |
| US07952403B2 |
Update control apparatus in DLL circuit
An update control apparatus in a DLL circuit is provided. The update control apparatus includes a logic value determination, a phase information collection unit, and an update control unit. The logic value determination unit is configured to determine a logic value of a phase detection signal for a first period interval of a reference clock signal to generate a phase information signal, and configured to extend the first period interval into a second period interval when an extension instruction signal is enabled. The phase information collection unit is configured to determine consecutive logic values of an update possible signal to generate the extension instruction signal, and configured to collect the phase information signal to generate an update information signal. The update control unit is configured to generate the update possible signal, a valid interval signal, and an update control signal in response to the update information signal. |
| US07952397B2 |
Low-swing differential signal output driver with wide-range supply voltage operability
According to one general aspect, an output driver configured to drive output signals from a core device may include a voltage convertor, an output stage, and a biasing unit. In various embodiments, the output driver is configured to operate in either a core device voltage mode or a high voltage mode. In some embodiments, the voltage convertor may be configured to receive a pair of differential input signals from a core device, wherein a maximum voltage of the input signals is equivalent to a core device voltage, and convert the input signals to a pair of intermediate input signals. In one embodiment, when in high voltage mode, the maximum voltage of the intermediate input signals may be equivalent to a high voltage that is higher than the core device voltage. In some embodiments, the output stage configured to receive the intermediate input signals, and produce a pair of differential output signals having a maximum voltage of, based upon the operating mode of the output driver, either the core device voltage or the high voltage. In various embodiments, the biasing unit configured to provide a biasing current to the output stage, wherein the biasing current is configured to produce a desired common mode voltage within the output stage. |
| US07952395B2 |
Universal CMOS current-mode analog function synthesizer
The universal CMOS current-mode analog function synthesizer is based on approximating the required function using its sixth-order Taylor series expansion. These approximations can be implemented by adding the weighted output currents of a number of basic building blocks built around a basic current squarer, and a constant current. The circuit can simultaneously realize thirty-two different mathematical functions and can be easily expanded to accommodate many others. |
| US07952392B2 |
Logic circuit
An object is to apply a transistor using an oxide semiconductor to a logic circuit including an enhancement transistor. The logic circuit includes a depletion transistor 101 and an enhancement transistor 102. The transistors 101 and 102 each include a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, a first oxide semiconductor layer, a second oxide semiconductor layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode. The transistor 102 includes a reduction prevention layer provided over a region in the first oxide semiconductor layer between the source electrode and the drain electrode. |
| US07952391B2 |
Digital noise filter
A digital noise filter circuit includes a gating clock generating circuit and a noise filter circuit. The gating clock generating circuit compares logic levels of an input signal and an output signal of the noise filter circuit. The gating clock generating circuit supplies a gating clock as an operating clock to the noise filter circuit when the logic levels of both signals do not coincide, and halts supply of the gating clock when the logic levels of both signals do coincide. The noise filter circuit removes noise from the input signal and outputting the resultant signal as the output signal. |
| US07952388B1 |
Semiconductor device
A semiconductor device includes a swing level shifting unit configured to use a first power supply voltage as a power supply voltage, receive a CML clock swinging around a first voltage level, and shift a swing reference voltage level of the CML clock to a second voltage level lower than the first voltage level, and a CML clock transfer buffering unit configured to use a second power supply voltage as a power supply voltage and buffer the CML clock, which is transferred from the swing level shifting unit and swings around the second voltage level. |
| US07952386B2 |
Data input/output multiplexer of semiconductor device
There is provided an input/output multiplexer capable of reducing a layout area in designing a device by disposing first and second multiplexers at either side of a specific data input/output (I/O) pad. An apparatus for multiplexing data inputted or outputted to a global input/output (I/O) line includes a first multiplexer for multiplexing the data and supplying a first multiplexed data to the global I/O line and a second multiplexer for multiplexing the first multiplexed data supplied to the global I/O line, wherein the first and second multiplexers are formed at either side of the global I/O line. |
| US07952383B2 |
Semiconductor device including output buffer and control circuit adjusting an impedance of the output buffer
There is provided a semiconductor device that includes: an output buffer capable of adjusting an impedance based on an impedance adjustment signal, and a through-rate control circuit that adjusts a through rate of the output buffer based on at least the impedance adjustment signal, wherein the through-rate control circuit sets a relatively high through rate when the impedance adjustment signal designates a relatively low impedance, and sets a relatively low through rate when the impedance adjustment signal designates a relatively high impedance. |
| US07952376B1 |
Method and apparatus for equalizer testing
Method and apparatus are disclosed related to testing and testability of adaptive equalization circuitry. Where an equalization circuit is provided in an IC, a modified internal loopback provides a testing signal. A local comparator circuit with flexible connectivity offers analog signal testing analysis in conjunction with a low-cost external tester. Flexible use and connectivity of the comparator and external connection points, and block isolation circuitry make accurate, faster, and lower cost testing methods possible. |
| US07952375B2 |
AC coupled parameteric test probe
A probe for contacting and testing ICs on a semiconductor device includes a dielectric insulating material tip. The dielectric tip does not contaminate the surface being probed unlike metal probe tips. A contact scrub is further not required with signals being capacitively or inductively coupled from the probe tip to the IC. Testing can be performed during early fabrication steps of the wafer without the need for applying a metalization layer to the wafer to form bond pads. Testing can be performed by inductively coupling an AC signal to the probe tip, with coupling enhanced by including a magnetic material in the dielectric probe tip. Using an AC test signal enables testing of ICs without requiring separate power and ground connections. |
| US07952373B2 |
Construction structures and manufacturing processes for integrated circuit wafer probe card assemblies
Several embodiments of integrated circuit probe card assemblies are disclosed, which extend the mechanical compliance of both MEMS and thin-film fabricated probes, such that these types of spring probe structures can be used to test one or more integrated circuits on a semiconductor wafer. Several embodiments of probe card assemblies, which provide tight signal pad pitch compliance and/or enable high levels of parallel testing in commercial wafer probing equipment, are disclosed. In some preferred embodiments, the probe card assembly structures include separable standard components, which reduce assembly manufacturing cost and manufacturing time. These structures and assemblies enable high speed testing in wafer form. The probes also have built in mechanical protection for both the integrated circuits and the MEMS or thin film fabricated spring tips and probe layout structures on substrates. Interleaved spring probe tip designs are defined which allow multiple probe contacts on very small integrated circuit pads. The shapes of probe tips are preferably defined to control the depth of probe tip penetration between a probe spring and a pad or trace on an integrated circuit device. Improved protective coating techniques for spring probes are also disclosed, offering increased reliability and extended useful service lives for probe card assemblies. |
| US07952372B2 |
Contacting component, method of producing the same, and test tool having the contacting component
A contacting component has a probe contact formed by plating and adapted to be contacted with a target portion. The contacting component includes an insulating substrate, a conductive circuit formed on one surface of the insulating substrate, and the probe contact is made of a conductive material and formed on the other surface of the insulating substrate. The conductive circuit and the probe contact are electrically connected in a through hole penetrating the insulating substrate. The probe contact includes a bump contact of a convex shape, the bump contact is formed by plating and having a surface which has a shape of a semispherical protrusion to be contacted with the target portion. The bump contact is made of a material containing a metal and carbon, the content of carbon falling within a range between 0.2 at % and 1.2 at %, both inclusive. |
| US07952369B2 |
Device and method for sensing a position of a probe
A device for sensing a position of a probe relative to a reference medium, the probe comprising a heater element with a temperature dependent electrical resistance and being adapted to determine probe position by measuring a parameter associated to a thermal relaxation time of the heater element. |
| US07952366B2 |
Proximity sensor
A capacitive touch sensor providing an automatic switch-off function for an apparatus in which the sensor is incorporated is provided. The sensor includes a sensing element coupled to a capacitance measurement circuit for measuring the capacitance of the sensing element. A control circuit is operable to determine from the capacitance measurement whether an object is in proximity with the sensor. The determined presence of an object may he used to toggle a function of the apparatus. Furthermore, when it is determined that an object has not been in proximity with the sensor for a predetermined time duration, an output signal for switching off the apparatus is provided. The predetermined time duration may be selected from a number of predefined time durations, or may be programmed using a resistor-capacitor network. Pulses may be applied to the control circuit to override features of the automatic switch-off functionality. |
| US07952360B2 |
Method and system for passively detecting and locating wire harness defects
A method and system for detecting defects in a wire or wire harness includes a pair of sensors wrapped around the wire or harness, a data acquisition device for monitoring pulses in the signal produced by the sensors around the wires, and a diagnostics engine. The diagnostics engine includes an analysis module to determine features of the signals captured by the data acquisition device and a decision module for determining whether the pulse represents a defect in the wire, and the location of the defect. The system operates passively and can be used to monitor the wires while they are in use for carrying signals or current and does not require disconnecting the wires to be monitored. |
| US07952355B2 |
Apparatus and method for reconstructing an MR image
An MR imaging apparatus is disclosed, wherein the MR imaging apparatus includes a plurality of gradient coils positioned about a bore of a magnet, and an RF transceiver system controlled by a pulse module to transmit RF signals to an RF coil assembly. The MR imaging apparatus also includes a controller coupled to the plurality of gradient coils and the RF transceiver system and programmed to obtain MR image signals at different echo times from a subject containing metabolites having known characteristics. The controller is further programmed to reconstruct images of the metabolites in a selected region of interest (ROI) using a probabilistic mathematical expression based on known information regarding an image acquisition process and using a spatial distribution of the metabolites to account for artifacts in the images. |
| US07952350B2 |
Circuit that provides output voltages in a homogenous magnetic field
A circuit including Hall plates and an amplifier. The Hall plates are configured to provide Hall voltages in a homogenous magnetic field such that a first Hall plate has a first positive voltage and a first negative voltage and a second Hall plate has a second positive voltage and a second negative voltage. The amplifier is configured to receive the Hall voltages and provide a first output voltage that corresponds to the first positive voltage and the second positive voltage and a second output voltage that corresponds to the first negative voltage and the second negative voltage. |
| US07952348B2 |
Flexible eddy current array probe and methods of assembling the same
A method of assembling an eddy current probe for use in nondestructive testing of a sample is described. The method includes positioning at least one substantially planar spiral drive coil within the eddy current probe, such that the drive coil is at least one of adjacent to and at least partially within a flexible material. The method further includes coupling at least one unpackaged solid-state magnetic field sensor to the at least one drive coil. |
| US07952347B2 |
Systems and methods of reducing a component of a signal caused by vibration
A vibration detection circuit. The circuit includes an accelerometer, a combining filter, an amplifier, and an analog to digital converter. The accelerometer generates one or more signals indicative of movement along an axis. The combining filter filters a component of the one or more signals not associated with movement and combines the components of the one or more signals indicative of movement to create a combined signal. The amplifier amplifies the combined signal and creates an amplified signal. The analog to digital converter converts the amplified signal into a digital value. |
| US07952345B2 |
Inverted magnetic isolator
A current determiner comprising a first input conductor and a first current sensor, formed of a p.lurality of magnetoresistive, anisotropic, ferromagnetic thin-film layers at least two of which are separated from one another by a nonmagnetic layer positioned therebetween, and both supported on a substrate adjacent to but electrically isolated from one another with the first current sensor positioned in those magnetic fields arising from any input currents. A first shield/concentrator of a material exhibiting a substantial magnetic permeability is positioned between the substrate and the first input conductor. The substrate can include a monolithic integrated circuit structure containing electronic circuit components of which at least one is electrically connected to the first input conductor. Magnetically permeable material can be provided in supporting structures. |
| US07952342B2 |
Constant current source apparatus
A constant current source apparatus is provided that includes a complementary switching section that selectively outputs a reference voltage or a driving voltage according to a control signal and a constant current source circuit that causes a constant current determined by the reference voltage to flow to a load in a case where the reference voltage is received from the complementary switching section and cuts off the current flowing to the load in a case where the driving voltage is received from the complementary switching section. The complementary switching section includes a first FET in which one of either a source or a drain is connected to the driving voltage, the other source or drain is connected to an output end of the complementary switching section, and a gate receives the voltage according to the control signal and a second FET that switches to an opposite polarity of the first FET in which one of either a source or a drain is connected to the reference voltage, the other source or drain is connected to the output end of the complementary switching section, and a gate receives the voltage according to the control signal. |
| US07952340B2 |
Integrated power converter and gate driver circuit
A gate driver circuit arranged to supply a DC/DC converter with a switching voltage. Both the gate driver circuit and the DC/DC converter include at least one transistor and at least one further component. The DC/DC converter is arranged to convert an input voltage to an output voltage and to supply to a load. A power converter includes the gate driver circuit and the DC/DC converter. The gate driver circuit can be designed such that the transistors are in the form of transistors being suitable for being manufactured in an MMIC-process or an RFIC-process. |
| US07952337B2 |
Hybrid DC-DC switching regulator circuit
A switching voltage regulator circuit includes, in part, a latch, a pair of switches, a sensing circuit, an amplifier, a digital control block, and a comparator. The switches are responsive to the latch, and the sensing circuit is responsive to a current flowing through the switch that is on. The amplifier is responsive to a reference voltage signal and a voltage feedback signal to generate a first intermediate voltage signal. The digital control block receives the reference voltage signal and the voltage feedback signal and generates a second intermediate voltage signal operative to cause the difference between the voltage feedback signal and the reference voltage signal to be less than a predefined value. The first and second intermediate voltages define a threshold value. The comparator is adapted to receive the output of the sensing circuit and the threshold value and to change the state of the latch in response. |
| US07952336B2 |
DC/DC converter with dynamic offset compensation
The present invention provides a DC/DC up-converter (100) that is implemented in form of a switching regulator (100). The DC/DC converter (100) makes use of a switching transistor (104) that controls a charging current for a capacitive element (112). Moreover, the DC/DC converter (100) provides control means (106, 140) to realize an accurate switch-off of the switching transistor (104) at a point of time when the charging current equals zero. Deviations of a first control means (106) are detected by means of a second control means (140) and a corresponding offset control signal (142) is generated for reducing the first control means' offset in a successive duty cycle. |
| US07952331B2 |
Self-excited controlled frequency generator system with bi-directional converter
A controlled frequency generating system (CFG) may be constructed with a main generator and an exciter driven by a common shaft. Excitation power may be provided from the common shaft; as distinct from prior-art systems which may require independent excitation power sources. While controlling the output voltage and frequency of the main generator, the bi-directional controller extracts power from a main generator output and may supply the extracted power to supplement excitation power when needed at certain rotational speeds. The controller may extract power from the exciter when, at other rotational speeds, the exciter produces excess power. The extracted excess power may be delivered to the output of the main generator to maintain a desired level of output power at a desired frequency, irrespective of speed of rotation of the CFG. |
| US07952329B2 |
Methods and system for backup power supply
A system and methods for an avionics system are provided. The avionics system includes an enclosure, a recording device positioned within the enclosure, and an energy storage device positioned within the enclosure wherein the energy storage device electrically coupled to the recording device to supply electrical power to the recording device for a time period of greater than thirty seconds. |
| US07952327B2 |
Assembled battery total voltage detection and leak detection apparatus
The present invention provides an assembled battery total voltage detection and leak detection apparatus which is reduced in size and is reduced in manufacturing costs. Detection of a total voltage is performed at a measurement time of a total voltage of an assembled battery 1 by connecting an output of a positive electrode resistance voltage dividing circuit composed of resistors 9 and 10 to + input of a differential amplifier 20 and connecting an output of a negative electrode resistance voltage dividing circuit composed of resistors 12 and 11 to − input of the amplifier 20, and it performs leak detection at a leak detection time by connecting an output of a positive electrode resistance voltage dividing circuit to + input of the amplifier 20 and connecting + input of the amplifier 20 to the minus input of the differential amplifier 20 to measure an output voltage of the amplifier 20. The total voltage detection and the leak detection can be performed without requiring an insulation type voltage sensor, an insulation power source, photo-couplers, or the like. |
| US07952321B2 |
Device having an energy converter and an energy limiter to limit supplied electrical energy
An electrical device (100) includes a housing (102), a battery receiving region (104), device electrical circuitry (112), an energy converter (110), and an energy limiter (108). The battery receiving region (104), the circuitry (112), the energy converter (110) and the energy limiter (108) are located within the housing (102). The energy converter (110) has an input dynamic range for supplied electrical energy and converts the energy to a level suitable for powering the device circuitry (112). The energy limiter (108) limits the supplied electrical energy. |
| US07952318B2 |
System and method for determining stator winding resistance in an AC motor
A system and method for determining stator winding resistance in an AC motor is disclosed. The system includes a circuit having an input connectable to an AC source and an output connectable to an input terminal of an AC motor. The circuit includes at least one contactor and at least one switch to control current flow and terminal voltages in the AC motor. The system also includes a controller connected to the circuit and configured to modify a switching time of the at least one switch to create a DC component in an output of the system corresponding to an input to the AC motor and determine a stator winding resistance of the AC motor based on the injected DC component of the voltage and current. |
| US07952317B2 |
Motor driving inverter circuit module, motor driving apparatus having the motor driving inverter circuit module, and inverter integrated circuit package
The motor driving inverter circuit module includes first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase high voltage drivers generating first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase upper arm and lower arm driving signals in response to input signals for driving the first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase upper and lower arms and a first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase upper arm and lower arm transistors, generating first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase motor driving output signals in response to the first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase upper arm and lower arm driving signals of the first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase high voltage drivers. The first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase high voltage drivers and the first-phase, second-phase, and third-phase upper arm and lower arm transistors are respectively integrated into separate chips. |
| US07952316B2 |
Variable frequency reduced speed variation electric drive
A multiple-winding induction machine may be used to obtain a reduced-speed-variation electric drive when using a variable-frequency power distribution system. Each winding may have a different number of poles. The winding with the smallest number of poles may operate the machine at the lowest bus frequency, while the winding with the largest number of poles may operate the machine at the highest bus frequency. In one embodiment, a third winding, with a middle number of poles, may operate the machine at the middle frequency ranges. The speed of the induction machine is a function of the electrical frequency and the number of the winding poles. Therefore, the operating speed range can be reduced by switching from one winding to another. According to the present invention, windings with different numbers of poles can be designed to achieve different reductions in speed variation. |
| US07952315B2 |
Cam drive system for an automated medication cart
The system includes a plurality of vertically spaced medication trays with a base assembly and a motor, responsive to computer commands, mounted on the base assembly. A drive shaft case member extends vertically from the base assembly. A cam assembly includes a plurality of spaced cam members, each cam member having concave portions and lobe portions on a peripheral surface thereof. A first drive clutch selectively engages the motor with both the drive shaft case member and the cam assembly for rotation of both in one direction, while a second drive clutch selectively engages the motor with just the cam assembly for rotation thereof in an opposing direction. The drive shaft case member has a cam follower assembly associated with each cam member, wherein one portion of the cam follower assembly engages the cam element and another portion engages an associated tray when the cam follower engages a selected concave portion on the cam element associated with the tray. |
| US07952311B2 |
Method and apparatus for variation of a rated current
The invention relates to a method for variation of a rated current which is specific of a motor by providing a rated current basic value signal (2) depending on a rated current basic value of the motor Irated, and by detecting an actual temperature Tact, providing a corresponding temperature signal (4), determining an actual rated current Iact depending on the rated current basic value signal (2) and the temperature signal (4), and providing a corresponding rated current signal (6). Additionally, the inventive method allows to determine the actual rated current depending on the speed of the motor. The invention also relates to a device for varying the rated current of a motor depending on a temperature and optionally depending on a speed of the motor. The inventive device can be used in a measuring system for determining the utilization rate and for monitoring the temperature of a motor. |
| US07952310B2 |
Controller of multi-phase electric motor
A controller of a multi-phase electric motor includes a drive section for driving the multi-phase electric motor, a single current detection section for detecting a current value of the multi-phase electric motor, a pulse width modulation signal (PWM) generation section for generating a PWM signal of each phase based on the current value detected by the current detection section and a saw-tooth signal having a predetermined frequency, a current detectability determination section for determining whether or not the current value is detectable in the current detection section based on the PWM signal of each phase generated by the PWM signal generation section, and a switching number determination section for determining whether or not conducting number of the upper arm switching element is an even number or an odd number based on the determination that the current is not detectable by the current detectability determination section. |
| US07952298B2 |
Split phase inverters for CCFL backlight system
An apparatus and method for driving a lamp are provided. In one embodiment, an inverter having four switching elements is split into two inverter arms that are deployed at separate terminals of a floating lamp structure to achieve even light output. A controller drives both inverter arms such that power switching lines do not cross the floating lamp structure. In one embodiment, the controller adjusts the brightness of the lamp structure by adjusting the phase difference between outputs of a first inverter arm relative to a second inverter arm. In one embodiment, the controller adjusts the brightness by symmetrically pulse width modulating the outputs of the first inverter arm and the second inverter arm. |
| US07952291B2 |
Discharge lamp having a visual-change timer
A discharge lamp having a visual-change timer is described. The visual-change timer is comprised of a ceramic material that provides an indication of the cumulative operating time of the lamp. The visual-change timer is expected be a help to consumers in avoiding unnecessary, premature, and costly lamp replacement and a help to lamp manufacturers in verifying the validity of warranty claims for replacement lamps. |
| US07952287B2 |
Traveling-wave tube 2D slow wave circuit
A two-dimensional circuit for a traveling-wave tube for millimeter and sub-millimeter electromagnetic waves synchronously interacts with an electron beam in a vacuum electronic microwave amplifier or oscillator. The circuit is a solid body having a length along the tube axis. The solid body has an electrically conductive top section and an electrically conductive bottom section. The top section is configured with a plurality of vertical vanes having a width and height and configured parallel to each other. The bottom section is similarly configured such that when the circuit is viewed in cross section along the length, the vanes on the bottom section are staggered with respect to the vanes on the top section. The top section and the bottom section are separated from each other to define a tunnel through the solid body along the length. |
| US07952286B2 |
Mercury source
The invention relates to a mercury source for a low-pressure discharge lamp comprising an amalgam body which is arranged on a front surface of a wire or enclosed in a perforated structure. The amalgam body or the perforated structure is provided with a protective coating with a getter effect. The invention enables a simple production process to be implemented with low costs in terms of materials. |
| US07952285B2 |
Metal halide lamp with cerium oxide seal
A metal halide lamp includes a ceramic discharge vessel and two electrodes. The discharge vessel encloses a discharge volume containing an ionizable gas filling including at least a metal halide, two current lead-through conductors connected to the respective electrode, and a seal having sealing material through which at least one of the respective current lead-through conductors issues to the exterior of the discharge vessel. The sealing material of the seal includes a ceramic sealing material with cerium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide as a mixture of oxides and/or one or more mixed oxides. |
| US07952284B2 |
High-pressure discharge lamp
A metal halide lamp with a more stable lamp voltage, comprising a ceramic discharge vessel which encloses a discharge space, in which a first and a second electrode are arranged, which discharge vessel has a central zone extending between the electrodes and being closed at either side by a first and a second end zone, respectively, in which the first end zone surrounds, with little clearance, a current supply conductor connected to the first electrode and extending to the exterior through a seal to the wall of the first end zone, which current supply conductor has a halide-resistant section facing the discharge space and a section remote from the discharge space, wherein the halide-resistant section of the first current supply conductor comprises a wire made of tungsten or of tungsten alloyed with molybdenum. |
| US07952276B2 |
Organic light emitting display and method of manufacturing the same
In a method of manufacturing an organic light emitting display, an organic light emitting layer and a second electrode are sequentially formed on a first sub-electrode, and a laser beam is irradiated onto the organic light emitting layer to partially remove the organic light emitting layer, so that the first sub-electrode is electrically connected to the second electrode. Thus, even though the second electrode is formed to have a small thickness in order to maximize an amount of light that is generated by the organic light emitting layer and exits to an exterior through the second electrode, the second electrode is electrically connected to the first sub-electrode, thereby reducing an electrical resistance of the second electrode. |
| US07952275B2 |
Display device having a desiccant member contacting a common electrode
A display device includes a display panel divided into a display area and a non-display area. An encapsulation member covers the display panel, and a sealant is positioned between the display panel and the encapsulation member. A desiccant member is disposed between the display panel and the encapsulation member. The display panel includes an organic layer formed in the display area and a common electrode covering the organic layer, the common electrode extending in the non-display area. The desiccant member is disposed along a periphery of the common electrode in the non-display area. |
| US07952271B2 |
Organic light-emitting device
An organic light-emitting device includes a substrate; a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an organic layer disposed on the first electrode; and an emitting layer interposed between the organic layer and the second electrode. The concentration of inorganic impurities within the organic layer is 1000 ppb or less. The organic light-emitting device has high light-emitting efficiency, low driving voltage, high brightness, and long life span. |
| US07952270B2 |
Electroluminescent device
An electroluminescent device comprising at least one electroluminescent light source (2) with an electroluminescent layer (21) for emitting a primary radiation with an emission characteristic around a mean emission direction (5), and at least one light-converting element (3) for converting at least part of the primary radiation into a secondary radiation, wherein the shape of the light-converting element (3) is adapted to the emission characteristic of the electroluminescent light source (2) so as to generate a defined correlated color temperature as a function of a viewing angle (10). |
| US07952263B1 |
Multi-spark inducing spark plug and associated method
A spark plug for use with an internal combustion vehicle engine preferably includes a housing having a single primary electrode and a single grounding electrode located subjacent to the single primary electrode. The single primary and grounding electrodes are spaced apart and thereby define a gap therebetween. A present invention further includes a mechanism for separately inducing a plurality of electric sparks between the single primary electrode and the single grounding electrode, respectively. Each of the electric sparks preferably has a separate and mutually exclusive firing point initiating from the single primary electrode and terminating at the single grounding electrode. |
| US07952262B2 |
Modular LED unit incorporating interconnected heat sinks configured to mount and hold adjacent LED modules
A modular LED unit having a number of LED modules separately mounted on individual interconnected preferably-extruded heat sinks, each heat sink having: a base configured to engage and hold an LED module in place and, in preferred forms, to facilitate the ganging of heat-sink/LED modules; and a plurality of fins, including inner-fins and side-fins, projecting from the opposite surface of the base and extending therealong, the side-fins having interlocking features to facilitate the ganging of heat-sink/module units together and, in preferred forms, to facilitate interconnection of the modular LED unit to other portions of a lighting fixture. |
| US07952260B2 |
Ultrasound imaging system
An ultrasound imaging system (100). An exemplary system (100) includes a plurality of transducer elements (136) formed in subarrays (140) and a plurality of subarray circuit units (160′), with each circuit unit (160′) connected to a subarray (140) of the transducer elements (136). The circuitry in each unit (160′) comprises a plurality of integrated circuits (330, 340, 350), with at least a first (340) of the integrated circuits formed over a second (330) of the integrated circuits in a stacked configuration. In an example illustration the first integrated circuit (340) includes a first plurality of first bond pads (345) along a surface (342) thereof and the second integrated circuit (330) includes a second plurality of second bond pads (335) along a surface (331) thereof, with bond wires (344) extending between pairs of first and second bond pads to provide input/output signal connections therebetween. |
| US07952259B2 |
Electronic apparatus with a micro-electromechanical switch made of a piezoeletric material
The device improved according to the invention comprises a micro-electromechanical switch (MEMS) with a piezoelectric element connected to a mechanical support on both sides at the edges. The electrode design of this piezoelectric element is characterized by two electrodes mounted on at least one of the surfaces. |
| US07952255B2 |
Rotor for an electrical machine and electrical machine for a drivetrain in a motor vehicle
A rotor and an electrical machine for a motor vehicle drivetrain. The rotor includes a rotor carrier with a radial supporting area, an axial supporting area, which extends axially with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotor and which is connected to the radial supporting area and has an inner or an outer first circumferential surface, and a rotor component which conducts magnetic flux and is arranged at the circumferential surface of the axial supporting area. To achieve a rotationally locking connection between the rotor carrier and the rotor component conducting magnetic flux, it is proposed to form the axial supporting area with a positive engagement profile which extends in axial direction of the rotor for receiving, in a positive engagement, the rotor component conducting magnetic flux. |
| US07952252B2 |
Inner rotor type permanent magnet excited transverse flux motor
Disclosed herein is an inner rotor type permanent magnet excited transverse flux motor, in which a laminated structure in an axial direction or in a radial shape is applied to a stator iron core so as to employ a small amount of permanent magnets compared with a conventional outer rotor type permanent magnet excited transverse flux motor, thus providing high output power, increasing the efficiency of power generation, and reducing noise and vibration. For this, the present invention provides an inner rotor type permanent magnetic excited transverse flux motor comprising: a stator including a stator powdered iron core press-molded using a mold, a stator laminated iron core laminated on upper and lower layer portions of the circumference of the stator powdered iron core at regular intervals, and a stator winding which winds the segmented stator powdered iron core in which a current flows is wound between the intervals; and a rotor in which a rotor permanent magnet and a rotor powdered iron core are arranged alternately to face each other. |
| US07952249B2 |
Permanent-magnet type electric rotating machine and permanent-magnet type electric rotating machine system for automobile or train
A rotor is deployed such that the rotor becomes coaxially rotatable with a stator. A shaft is fixed onto the axis of a rotor iron-core. 1-pole constituting magnet slots are deployed into V-character pattern along an outer circumference portion of the rotor iron-core. Permanent magnets are embedded into the magnet slots. For the 1 pole, the 2 pieces of same-polarity permanent magnets are embedded into the V-character pattern. The configuration of each embedded permanent magnet is designed as follows: From the thickness of the permanent-magnet edge portion on the inner-diameter side of the rotor iron-core, which becomes the center of the V-character pattern, the thickness of the permanent magnet gradually increases toward the outer-diameter side of the rotor iron-core, which become the right and left edge portions of the V-character pattern. Simultaneously, curved lines are provided on both edge portions of the permanent magnet. |
| US07952248B2 |
Piezoelectric generator
A generator that collects oscillation energy to convert to electric energy, the generator including a support portion made of non-piezoelectric material, a piezoelectric body disposed on the support portion and having a polarization direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the support portion, the piezoelectric body being configured to oscillate in an oscillating direction to generate the oscillation energy, the oscillating direction perpendicular to the polarization direction, a first electrode provided on a first surface of the piezoelectric body parallel to the polarization direction, a second electrode provided on a second surface of the piezoelectric body parallel to the polarization direction, and a weight disposed on a third surface of the piezoelectric body facing the support portion. |
| US07952246B2 |
Electric compressor
To provide an electric compressor in which the occurrence of shrink-fitting failures can be prevented when a stator is shrink-fitted in a motor case. Provided are a casing (67) in which the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder is provided with a first inner circumference (101) and a second inner circumference (103) whose radius is larger than the first inner circumference (101), the inner circumference (101) having an inclination that becomes more distant from a central axis (C) from a bottom face (79) toward an opening (85); a compressing unit that compresses fluid; and a rotor and a stator that rotationally drive the compressing unit, wherein the first inner circumference (101) and the second inner circumference (103) are provided with a substantially cylindrical insertion surface (105) whose radius is larger than the second inner circumference (103) and in which the stator is inserted; and at least the first inner circumference (101) is provided with an enlarged diameter portion (109) whose radius is larger than the insertion surface (105) and which makes the distance from the end at the opening (85) side of the insertion surface (105) to the opening (85) substantially equal. |
| US07952235B2 |
Electronic power-saving device
A single-phase electronic power-saving device includes at least one power-saving unit. The power-saving unit includes two ceramic piece capacitors, a safe capacitor, an inductor, a SCR, a first resistor, a second resistor, a live wire and a zero line; the two ceramic piece capacitors connected in series as a whole is connected in parallel with the safe capacitor to two terminals of which are connected the anode and the cathode of SCR, respectively; the anode of SCR is also connected to one terminal of the inductor, the branch composed of the first and the second resistors connected in series is connected in parallel so that one terminal of which is connected to one terminal of the inductor and the other is connected to the cathode of SCR; the gate of SCR is connected between the first and the second resistors. |
| US07952227B2 |
Feed intermediate apparatus, feeding system, and feed intermediate method
A feed hub includes a priority receiving unit that acquires priority indicating degree of need of electricity feed, for each of plural terminals, a feed relation determining unit that selects two communication devices having different priorities acquired by the priority receiving unit, determines the communication device having lower priority as a feed source and the communication device having higher priority as a feed destination from the selected communication devices, an electricity switching unit that connects the feed source and the feed destination determined by the feed relation determining unit, and a feed requesting unit that requests the feed source determined by the feed relation determining unit to feed electricity. |
| US07952226B2 |
Insulating control device and method for vehicle proximity remote
A system and method for controlling the radio frequency emissions of a proximity remote keyless system for permitting or denying remote access to premises of a vehicle. The source power is controlled to thereby control when the vehicle is authorized to start. The proximity remote can thus be left in the vehicle and controlled by another external source. The device of the invention is adapted to be inserted between a battery, which powers the proximity remote, and insulates the battery from an associated battery base contact. The device comprises a conductive contact on opposite sides of an insulating plate and at least one wire connected to each conductive contact. The wires can be connected to an external device, thus allowing external electrical or mechanical control of the proximity remote, with the proximity remote being only able to transmit to the vehicle if the battery is connected to the battery base contact. |
| US07952224B2 |
Power supply system, vehicle including the power supply system, control method for power supply system, and computer-readable recording medium having program recorded thereon for computer to execute the control method
A discharge share ratio calculation unit (52) calculates, for each power storage device, a remaining electric power quantity before an SOC is reached with respect to which an allowable discharge electric power is restricted, and calculates a discharge power share ratio between power storage devices according to the ratio of the remaining electric power quantity. A charge share ratio calculation unit (54) calculates, for each power storage device, a chargeable quantity before an SOC is reached with respect to which an allowable charge electric power is restricted, and calculates a charge power share ratio between power storage devices according to the ratio of the chargeable quantity. When electric power is supplied from a power supply system to a drive force generation unit, each converter is controlled according to the discharge power share ratio and, when electric power is supplied from the drive force generation unit to the power supply system, each converter is controlled according to the discharge power share ratio. |
| US07952218B2 |
Buoyancy pump power system
A system for generating electricity includes a pump operable to convert wave motion from a body of water into mechanical energy. The pump includes an input port through which an operating fluid can enter the pump and an output port through which the operating fluid can exit the pump. A first outlet line and a second outlet line are fluidly coupled to the output port of the pump. A first reservoir is fluidly connected to the first outlet line, and a second reservoir is fluidly connected to the second outlet line, both reservoirs being selectively capable of receiving operating fluid driven through the output port. |
| US07952216B2 |
Wind turbine generator system
A wind turbine generator system can regulate the rotational velocity of the wind turbine within an operation range even when the wind velocity suddenly changes and can perform continuous operation of the wind turbine. The wind turbine generator system includes a generator connected to the shaft of the wind turbine and a converter connected to the generator. When the rotational velocity of the wind turbine is within a predetermined range, power outputted from the generator is controlled so as to follow the instruction concerning the generator output given from the wind turbine to the converter. When the rotational velocity of the wind turbine is out of the predetermined range, the power outputted from the generator is controlled without following the instruction concerning generator output given from the wind turbine to the converter. |
| US07952214B2 |
Wind power generation system and method of controlling power converter
A wind power generation system temporarily stops a power converter when a system disturbance occurs, and reactivates the power converter after detecting a solution of the problem of an influence (overcurrent of a stator, direct current component of a stator, overcurrent of a rotor, etc.) of a fault occurring in a doubly-fed generator during a system fault. During a system fault, a reactive current can be safely output from a doubly-fed generator to an electric power system without destroying equipment of the wind power generation system. |
| US07952213B2 |
Overlay mark arrangement for reducing overlay shift
An overlay mark arrangement for reducing the asymmetric profile and an overlay shift during an integrated circuit manufacturing process is disclosed. In one embodiment, the overlay mark arrangement may comprise a first mark, a second mark and a stress releasing means. The first mark is used to indicate the position of a lower layer, the second mark is used to indicate the position of an upper layer; and the stress releasing means is used to release the film stress induced by the upper layer. Unlike the conventional overlay mark arrangements, which will have a severe overlay mark shift due to the film stress, the asymmetric overlay mark profile can be improved by using multiple trenches around the overlay marks according to certain embodiments of the invention disclosed herein. |
| US07952210B2 |
Semiconductor package and fabrication method thereof
There is provided a semiconductor package comprising: a multilayer thin film structure including a plurality of dielectric layers and at least one or more redistribution layers; a semiconductor chip positioned at one side of the multilayer thin film structure and electrically connected to the redistribution layer; and a solder bump formed at the other side of the multilayer thin film structure. The multilayer thin film structure functions as the substrate for the semiconductor package and realizes the light, thin, short and small BGA package without any additional substrate. A plurality of the packages can be simultaneously formed at wafer level or carrier level, to simplify the process and to be favorable for mass production. After the semiconductor chips are formed at wafer level, only the semiconductor chips having the excellent operation characteristic through the test are selectively bonded to the multilayer thin film structure, to provide the high quality package products in which the fault rate is maximally reduced. The light, thin, short and small BGA package according to the present invention enables small and slim communication devices, displayers and other diverse electronic devices, to be contributed to the increase of the competitiveness of the products to which the BGA package is applied. |
| US07952208B2 |
Substrate, manufacturing method thereof, method for manufacturing semiconductor device
A substrate on which an IC element is fixed includes: a plurality of metal posts arranged in a plurality of columns in a lengthwise direction and in a plurality of rows in a crosswise direction when viewed in a plan view, the plurality of metal posts having first faces and second faces that face an opposite side to a side that the first faces face; first marks each of the first marks being disposed on extending lines of the plurality of columns; and second marks, each of the second marks being disposed on extending lines of the plurality of rows. |
| US07952206B2 |
Solder bump structure for flip chip semiconductor devices and method of manufacture therefore
The invention provides, in one aspect, a semiconductor device that comprises an interconnect layer located over a semiconductor substrate. A passivation layer is located over the interconnect layer and having a solder bump support opening formed therein. Support pillars that comprise a conductive material are located within the solder bump support opening. |
| US07952205B2 |
Injection molded soldering process and arrangement for three-dimensional structures
A method of implementing an injection molded soldering process for three-dimensional structures, particularly, such as directed to three-dimensional semiconductor chip stacking. Also provide is an arrangement for implementing the injection molded soldering (IMS) process. Pursuant to an embodiment of the invention, the joining of the semiconductor chip layers with a substrate is implemented, rather than by means of currently known wire bond stacking, through the intermediary of columns of solder material formed by the IMS process, thereby providing electrical advantages imparted by the flip chip interconnect structures. In this connection, various diversely dimensioned solder column interconnects allow for simple and dependable connections to a substrate by a plurality of superimposed layers or stacked arrays of semiconductor components, such as semiconductor chips. In accordance with a further aspect, it is possible to derive a unique design for an IMS mold structure, which contains cavities for forming the columnar fill of solder, and which also incorporates further cavities acting as cutouts for dies or the positioning of other electronic packages or modules. |
| US07952201B2 |
Semiconductor device including stacked semiconductor chips
A semiconductor device comprising a plurality of semiconductor chips and a plurality of through-line groups is disclosed. Each of the through-line groups consists of a unique number of through-lines. The numbers associated with the through-line groups are mutually coprime to each other. When one of the through-lines is selected for the each through-line group, one of the semiconductor chip is designated by a combination of the selected through-lines of the plurality of the through-line groups. |
| US07952198B2 |
BGA package with leads on chip
A BGA package primarily includes a leadless leadframe with a plurality of leads, a chip disposed on the leads, a die-attaching layer adhering to an active surface of the chip and the top surfaces of the leads, a plurality of bonding wires electrically connecting the chip to the leads, an encapsulant, and a plurality of solder balls. Each lead has a bottom surface including a wire-bonding area and a ball-placement area, moreover, a plurality of lips project from the bottom surfaces of the leads around the ball-placement areas. The encapsulant encapsulates the chip, the bonding wires, the die-attaching layer, and the top surfaces, the bottom surfaces except the ball-placement areas. The solder balls are disposed on the ball-placement areas. |
| US07952190B2 |
Fabrication of microelectronic devices
A method and apparatus for fabrication of microelectronic devices are shown. In an embodiment of the invention, a microelectronic device comprises a die, the die comprising a first side, a second side, and an edge; a first plate, the first plate coupled with the die; and a package, the die being coupled with the package. |
| US07952189B2 |
Hermetic packaging and method of manufacture and use therefore
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing hermetic packaging for devices on a substrate wafer, comprising forming a plurality of adhesive rings on a cap wafer or the substrate wafer, bonding the cap wafer to the substrate wafer with an adhesive layer, forming trenches in the cap wafer and the adhesive rings along outer rim of the adhesive rings, and covering sidewall of the trenches by at least one deposited film to provide a diffusion barrier to moisture or gas. |
| US07952188B2 |
Semiconductor module with a dielectric layer including a fluorocarbon compound on a chip
A module is described having a semiconductor chip which has at least one contact pad. A first dielectric layer, which contains a fluorocarbon compound, as well as a first wiring layer are applied to the semiconductor chip. |
| US07952182B2 |
Semiconductor device with package to package connection
A semiconductor package comprises a first package; a second package that is provided on the first package; and a first interconnect that comprises a bump to couple to the first package and a base material layer to cover the bump, wherein the second package is supported on the base material layer that is coupled to the bump. |
| US07952177B2 |
Resin-sealed semiconductor device, leadframe with die pads, and manufacturing method for leadframe with die pads
A resin-sealed semiconductor device with built-in heat sink prevents internal bulging and cracking caused by exfoliation of a semiconductor element from the heat sink when the vapor pressure of moisture absorbed into a gap between the semiconductor element and the heat sink rises during mounting of the semiconductor device to a printed circuit board using lead-free solder. By providing a plurality of separated die pads (502) in a mounting area for a semiconductor element (301) and adhering the semiconductor element (301) to the heat sink (105) via the die pads (502), space is opened up between the semiconductor element (301) and the heat sink (105) for sealing resin (304) to run into. |
| US07952175B2 |
Lead frame, semiconductor package including the lead frame and method of forming the lead frame
Provided are a lead frame and a semiconductor package including the same. The lead frame includes a first lead frame portion including a plurality of first leads; an adhesive member disposed such that the first leads are adhered to one surface of the adhesive member; and a second lead frame portion including a plurality of second leads disposed such that the second leads are adhered to the other surface of the adhesive member, wherein the second leads are arranged so as not to overlap with the first leads. The lead frame may optionally include a die pad on which a semiconductor chip is installed. |
| US07952173B2 |
Nanometric device with a hosting structure of nanometric elements
A nanometric device comprising a substrate; a plurality of conductive spacers of a conductive material, each conductive spacer being arranged on top of and transverse to the substrate, the conductive spacers including respective pairs of conductive spacers defining respective hosting seats each of less than 30 nm wide; and a plurality of nanometric elements respectively accommodated in the hosting seats. |
| US07952172B2 |
Semiconductor optical element
A light receiving element 1 has a semiconductor substrate 101; a first mesa 11 provided over the semiconductor substrate 101, and having an active region and a first electrode (p-side electrode 111) provided over the active region; a second mesa 12 provided over the semiconductor substrate 101, and having a semiconductor layer and a second electrode (n-side electrode 121) provided over the semiconductor layer; and a third mesa 13 provided over the semiconductor substrate 101, and having a semiconductor layer, wherein the third mesa 13 is arranged so as to surround the first mesa 11. |
| US07952171B2 |
Die stacking with an annular via having a recessed socket
A die stack including a die having an annular via with a recessed conductive socket and methods of forming the die stack provide a structure for use in a variety of electronic systems. In an embodiment, a die stack includes a conductive pillar on the top of a die inserted into the recessed conductive socket of another die. |
| US07952167B2 |
Scribe line layout design
A scribe line layout design to reduce the damage caused by sawing the wafer is presented. An embodiment comprises metal plates located within the scribe lines and at least partially within the junctions of the scribe lines. Each of these metal plates has one or more slots to help relieve the pressure. Alternatively, instead of metal plates, grooves that may be filled with metal could be placed into the scribe lines. These metal plates could also be used concurrently with a seal ring for better protection during sawing. |
| US07952166B2 |
Semiconductor device with switch electrode and gate electrode and method for switching a semiconductor device
A semiconductor device with switch electrode and gate electrode and a method for switching a semiconductor device. One embodiment provides a semiconductor substrate with an emitter region, a drift region, a body region and a source region. The drift region is formed between the emitter and the body region while the body region is formed between the drift and the source region. A first trench structure extends from the source region at least partially into the drift region. The first trench structure includes a gate electrode arranged next to the body region and a switch electrode arranged in portions next to the drift region, wherein the switch and gate electrodes are electrically insulated from each other in the trench structure. A first gate driver is electrically connected to the gate electrode while a second gate driver is electrically connected to the switch gate. |
| US07952164B2 |
Semiconductor device
The semiconductor device includes a resistor cell that includes a diffused layer resistor, a P-well contact and an N-well contact. The diffused layer resistor is arranged on a semiconductor substrate and is formed by a diffused layer. The P-well contact surrounds an outer rim of the diffused layer resistor and is formed by another diffused layer. The N-well contact is arranged surrounding the outer rim of the P-well contact and is formed by a further diffused layer. Both the P-well and N-well contacts are partitioned into contact portions. Control electrode layer portions are arranged between neighboring contact sections of the P-well contact so the contact sections of the P-well contact and the control electrode layer portions alternate. Control electrode layer portions are arranged between neighboring contact sections of the N-well contact so that the contact sections of the N-well contact and the control electrode layer portions alternate with one another. |
| US07952159B2 |
Photo sensor and flat display panel
A photo sensor includes a patterned shielding conductive layer disposed on a transparent substrate, and a buffer dielectric layer, a patterned semiconductor layer, and a dielectric layer disposed on the patterned shielding layer in order. The patterned semiconductor layer includes an intrinsic region, a first doped region, and a second doped region, wherein the first and second doped regions are positioned at two sides of the intrinsic region separately. A patterned transparent conductive layer is disposed on the dielectric layer and covers the boundary of the intrinsic region and the first doped region and the boundary of the intrinsic region and the second doped region. The patterned transparent conductive layer is electrically connected to the patterned shielding conductive layer. |
| US07952151B2 |
Semiconductor devices including fin shaped semiconductor regions and stress inducing layers
A semiconductor device may include a substrate, an active semiconductor region of the substrate, and a gate electrode. The active semiconductor region may include a channel region between first and second junction regions. The channel region may include a first semiconductor material, the first and second junction regions may include a second semiconductor material, and the first and second semiconductor materials may be different. The gate electrode may be on the channel region with portions of the first and second junction regions being free of the gate electrode. |
| US07952149B2 |
Anti-halo compensation
An apparatus and method for controlling the net doping in the active region of a semiconductor device in accordance with a gate length is provided. A compensating dopant is chosen to be a type of dopant which will electrically neutralize dopant of the opposite type in the substrate. By implanting the compensating dopant at relatively high angle and high energy, the compensating dopant will pass into and through the gate region for short channels and have little or no impact on the total dopant concentration within the gate region. Where the channel is of a longer length, the high implant angle and the high implant energy cause the compensating dopant to lodge within the channel thereby neutralizing a portion of the dopant of the opposite type. |
| US07952148B2 |
Method of manufacturing semiconductor device and semiconductor device
A semiconductor device according to the embodiments comprises a gate insulator formed on a substrate, the gate insulator including a high-dielectric film in whole or part, a reaction film including a first metal on the gate insulator; a metal film including a second metal on the reaction film; and a film including Si formed on the metal film. |
| US07952146B2 |
Grain growth promotion layer for semiconductor interconnect structures
An interconnect structure of the single or dual damascene type and a method of forming the same, which substantially reduces the electromigration problem that is exhibited by prior art interconnect structures, are provided. In accordance with the present invention, a grain growth promotion layer, which promotes the formation of a conductive region within the interconnect structure that has a bamboo microstructure and an average grain size of larger than 0.05 microns is utilized. The inventive structure has improved performance and reliability. |
| US07952145B2 |
MOS transistor device in common source configuration
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a first p-channel laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) transistor formed over the semiconductor substrate and additional p-channel LDMOS transistors formed over the semiconductor substrate. First drain and gate electrodes are formed over the substrate and are coupled to the first LDMOS transistor. Additional drain and gate electrodes are formed over the substrate and are coupled to the second LDMOS transistor. A common source electrode for the first and second LDMOS transistors is also formed over the substrate. |
| US07952135B2 |
Semiconductor integrated circuit device and a method of manufacturing the same
A semiconductor device having a nonvolatile memory cell which includes a semiconductor substrate, a first insulating film formed over the semiconductor substrate, a control electrode formed over the first insulating film, the first insulating film acting as a gate insulator for the control gate electrode, a second insulating film formed over the semiconductor substrate, and a memory gate electrode formed over the second insulating film and being adjacent to the control gate electrode, the second insulating film acting as a gate insulator for the memory gate electrode and featuring a non-conductive charge trap film, the control gate electrode having a different type conductivity than that of the memory gate electrode. The second insulating film may be a laminated multi-layered insulator featuring a non-conductive charge trap film as an intermediate layer therein which is made of a silicon nitride film. |
| US07952134B2 |
Semiconductor memory device and method of forming the same
Provided are a semiconductor device and a method of forming the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes an active region of which an edge is curved. The semiconductor device includes a gate insulating layer, a floating gate, a gate interlayer dielectric layer and a control gate line on the active region. The semiconductor device includes an oxide pattern having a concave top surface between adjacent floating gates. The control gate may be sufficiently spaced apart from the active region by the oxide pattern. The method can provide a semiconductor device that includes a reoxidation process, an active region having a curved edge and an oxide pattern having a top surface of a curved concave shape. |
| US07952122B2 |
Strained semiconductor device and method of making same
To form a semiconductor device, an electrode layer is formed over a semiconductor body. The electrode layer includes an amorphous portion. A liner, e.g., a stress-inducing liner, is deposited over the electrode layer. The electrode layer is annealed to recrystallize the amorphous portion of the electrode layer. The liner can then be removed and an electronic component (e.g., a transistor) that includes a feature (e.g., a gate) formed from the electrode layer can be formed. |
| US07952120B2 |
Semiconductor device
Provided are embodiments of a semiconductor device having bit lines and bit bar lines. The bit lines and the bit bar lines are arranged in alternate succession across a substrate. At least two of proximate bit lines, bit line bars, power lines, and ground lines of the semiconductor device are formed on different layers, in order to reduce defects due to particles between lines, and increase yield. |
| US07952113B2 |
Flat lighting device and a method for the production thereof
A flat lighting device (10, 10′) that has light-emitting lighting elements (1) arranged on a carrier, which are connected to current supply and current discharge lines (4′) to supply current. The carrier has the form of a metallic sheet (2), which is covered with an insulating layer (3), on which series connections of a lighting element (3) and a surface resistor (5) are arranged between the current supply and current discharge lines (4′). One lighting element (1) and one surface series resistor (5) of a series connection and the series connections and the current supply and current discharge lines (4′) are connected to one another by conductor paths. There is also a method for producing lighting devices of this type. |
| US07952110B2 |
LED device with re-emitting semiconductor construction and converging optical element
A light source is provided comprising an LED component having an emitting surface, which may comprise: i) an LED capable of emitting light at a first wavelength; and ii) a re-emitting semiconductor construction which comprises a second potential well not located within a pn junction having an emitting surface; or which may alternately comprise a first potential well located within a pn junction and a second potential well not located within a pn junction; and which additionally comprises a converging optical element. |
| US07952108B2 |
Reducing thermal expansion effects in semiconductor packages
Reducing effects of thermal expansion in electronic components. An electronic device can include a support, such as a leadframe. An electronic component can be supported by the support. A first flexible layer can cover the electronic component. A second more rigid layer can cover the first layer. The first layer can be made from a material that is more flexible than the second layer thereby creating a mechanical buffer layer between the second layer and the electronic component such that the electronic component is protected from thermal expansion of the second portion caused by changes in temperature. The electronic component can be a laser. The first and second materials can be selected to disperse an optical emission from the optical transmitter. |
| US07952107B2 |
Solid state light sheet and encapsulated bare die semiconductor circuits with electrical insulator
An electronically active sheet includes a bottom substrate having a bottom electrically conductive surface. A top substrate having a top electrically conductive surface is disposed facing the bottom electrically conductive surface. An electrical insulator separates the bottom electrically conductive surface from the top electrically conductive surface. At least one bare die electronic element is provided having a top conductive side and a bottom conductive side. Each bare die electronic element is disposed so that the top conductive side is in electrical communication with the top electrically conductive surface and so that the bottom conductive side is in electrical communication with the bottom electrically conductive surface. |
| US07952096B2 |
CMOS image sensor with improved backside surface treatment
An apparatus and method for fabricating an array of backside illuminated (“BSI”) image sensors is disclosed. Front side components of the BSI image sensors are formed into a front side of the array. A dopant layer is implanted into a backside of the array. The dopant layer establishes a dopant gradient to encourage photo-generated charge carriers to migrate towards the front side of the array. At least a portion of the dopant layer is annealed. A surface treatment is formed on the backside of the dopant layer to cure surface defects. |
| US07952093B2 |
Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reliable semiconductor device comprising TFTs having a large area integrated circuit with low wiring resistance. One of the features of the present invention is that an LDD region including a region which overlaps with a gate electrode and a region which does not overlap with the gate electrode is provided in one TFT. Another feature of the present invention is that gate electrode comprises a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer and portion of the gate wiring has a clad structure comprising the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer with a low resistance layer interposed therebetween. |
| US07952086B2 |
Phase-change nonvolatile memory device using Sb-Zn alloy
Provided are a phase-change nonvolatile memory device and a manufacturing method thereof. The device includes: a substrate; and a stack structure disposed on the substrate and including a phase-change material layer. The phase-change material layer is formed of an alloy of antimony (Sb) and zinc (Zn), so that the phase-change memory device can stably operate at high speed and reduce power consumption. |
| US07952080B2 |
Radiation detecting cassette and medical system
An image capturing system includes a cassette having a radiation detector, an image memory, and a cassette controller, an image capturing apparatus, a display device, and a host computer. The cassette controller comprises a capacity value transmitter for transmitting a capacity value of the radiation image information to the host computer before transmission process, and an image transmitter for transmitting the radiation image information. The host computer comprises an indicator controller for controlling the display device to display an indicator representing the capacity value received from the cassette as the upper limit, and a bar controller for controlling the display device to display a bar moving toward the indicator and having a length corresponding to the received capacity value of the radiation image information while the radiation image information is being received. |
| US07952076B2 |
Radiation imaging system and nuclear medicine diagnosis instrument therefor
A radiation imaging system is configured by a collimator 30A including a detector 21 with a discrete detection pixel corresponding with a pixel and a plurality of radiation passages 31 and looks into a plurality of detectors 21 through one radiation passage 31 to set a step width of rotation around a rotation center axis X1 only for an angle θp made by lines provided by connecting a center detector 21 of the radiation passage 31 and the adjacent two detectors 21. In the case of generating a flat plane projection image for one direction, radio-graphing is carried out on a projection image in a plurality of predetermined angle positions (−θp, 0, +θp) in the circumferential direction of the rotation center axis X1 and thereby one plane projection image is obtained. |
| US07952073B2 |
Apparatus and method including a direct bombardment detector and a secondary detector for use in electron microscopy
An apparatus for use with an electron beam for imaging a sample. The apparatus has a down-conversion detector configured to detect an electron microscopy signal generated by the electron beam incident on the sample, a direct bombardment detector adjacent to the down-conversion detector and configured to detect the electron microscopy signal, and a mechanism selectively exposing the down-conversion detector and the direct bombardment detector to the electron microscopy signal. A method using the apparatus is also provided. |
| US07952068B2 |
Methods for detecting catecholamines by mass spectrometry
Provided are methods for determining the amount of one or more of one or more of epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (D) in a sample using mass spectrometry. The methods generally involve ionizing one or more of E, NE, and D in a sample and detecting and quantifying the amount of the ion to determine the amount of one or more of E, NE, and D in the sample. |
| US07952064B2 |
Device and method for processing and/or analyzing image information representing radiation
A method for processing and/or analyzing image information representing radiation in a spatially resolved manner using an optical system coupled to at least one detector includes the step of collecting said image information with said optical system using at least one micromechanical mirror moved such that the image information is scanned and coupled sequentially into the at least one detector. |
| US07952052B2 |
Welding torch maintenance center
A welding torch maintenance center that uses a microcontroller to control the operation, to configure the maintenance center, to repeat the reaming process for excessive spatter deposit inside the nozzle, to spray the nozzle with anti-spatter fluid, to cut the welding wire, to provide a tool center point check signal, and to provide diagnostic information. |
| US07952048B2 |
Plasma source with discharge inducing bridge and plasma processing system using the same
A plasma source with discharge inducing bridges and a plasma processing system using the same. The plasma source may be constructed with a number of discharge inducing bridges, each discharge inducing bridge containing a magnetic core with a primary winding of a transformer. The discharge inducing bridges are positioned so as to face a susceptor. Each discharge inducing bridge is a hollow tube. When the electrical current of the primary winding of the transformer is driven, magnetic flux is induced to the magnetic core, so that inductive coupled plasma is formed around the discharge inducing bridges, and a plasma discharge is evenly induced horizontally/vertically along the discharge inducing bridges, so that uniform large-area high-density plasma is generated. |
| US07952046B2 |
Resistance welding gun with independent actuators
An actuator assembly for a welding gun is provided that has at least three positions in the example. The actuator assembly includes separate working and retract actuators. The working actuator includes a working rod movable between first and second positions. The retract actuator includes a retract rod independently movable relative to the working rod between third and fourth positions. The retract actuator is external to and non-concentrically arranged relative to the working actuator in the example shown. Actuation of the working and retract actuators is coordinated to provide at least three positions while enabling the actuators to be changed or modified independently from one another. A latching device is configured to selectively interlock the working and retract actuators to one another automatically in response to movement the working rod from the first position to the second position. |
| US07952039B2 |
System and method for actuating one or more sliders
A system and method according to which one or more sliders are actuated in order to, for example, operate one or more switches such as, for example, one or more circuit breaker switches. |
| US07952036B2 |
Combinational weigher with a recycle conveyor configured to allow products to be recirculated in a dispersed manner
A combination weigher of the present invention comprises a plurality of weighing hoppers which are capable of selectively discharging the products in a first direction or in a second direction, a collecting chute which is configured to gather the products which have been discharged from the weighing hoppers in the first direction and to discharge them, a recycle conveyor which is configured to convey the products which have been discharged from the weighing hoppers in the second direction and have been loaded onto the recycle conveyor, a feeding means configured to feed the products to the weighing hoppers, a transport means which is configured to transport the products which have been discharged from the recycle conveyor to feed the products to the feeding means, a combination calculation means which is configured to determine a discharge combination, a recycle hopper determination means configured to determine weighing hoppers whose products should be recycled, and a control means configured to cause the weighing hoppers selected to form the discharge combination to discharge the products in the first direction, and to cause the weighing hoppers determined by the recycle hopper determination means to discharge the products in the second direction. |
| US07952035B2 |
Conductor leadthrough, housing device, field apparatus and method for producing a conductor leadthrough
A conductor leadthrough for a field device is for connecting two electrical conductors. The conductor leadthrough comprises an external conductor and a sealing apparatus. The sealing apparatus is divided into a first separation device and a second separation device. The external conductor comprises a hollow internal region that extends along a longitudinal axis of the external conductor. The first separation device and the second separation device are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the external conductor so as to be spaced apart so that they can separate a section of the hollow internal region of the external conductor. A pourable-sealing device is filled into the separated section of the hollow internal region of the external conductor so that the sealing apparatus can provide a leakage rate whose value is below a predeterminable value of a leakage rate. A signal of a predeterminable frequency can be transmitted along the longitudinal axis. |
| US07952034B2 |
Strap type electrical connector with frustro-conical retaining ring and improved clamping strap for either nonmetallic cables or armor or metal clad cables
This disclosure is directed to electrical connectors that include a connector body having an inlet end opening and an outlet end portion wherein the outlet end portion is provided with an outer surface that slopes downwardly toward the outlet opening and having a complementary sloping or frustro-conical, snap fit, retaining ring with locking tangs and grounding tangs for snap locking the outlet end portion to an electric box or enclosure, and including an embodiment having a cable strap retainer hingedly connected to an associated cable support saddle to render the cable strap retainer readily detachable from the saddle in a manner that prohibits any unintentional detachment of the strap therefrom when rotated between a cable clamping and unclamping position suitable for securing thereto either a non-metallic cable or an armored or metal clad cable, wire conductor and the like. |
| US07952032B2 |
Grommet
The present invention provides a grommet configured of an elastic body, which is externally mounted on a group of electric wires spanned between a vehicle-body panel and a movable body coupled to the vehicle-body panel with a hinge. The grommet includes short large-diameter tubular sections having annular locking grooves inserted into and locked to through-holes respectively provided in the vehicle-body panel and the movable body at both ends in the lengthwise direction; long small-diameter tubular sections that are continuous with the large-diameter tubular sections; and a corrugated tubular section continuously provided between the small-diameter tubular sections at the both ends, the corrugated tubular section being bent into a U shape when the movable body is closed. The small diameter tubular section at the locking side for the vehicle-body panel and a portion of the corrugated tubular section that is continuous with the small diameter tubular section are projectively provided with a rib that is continuous in a lengthwise direction, on outer peripheries thereof. The rib projects out of the outer peripheries of ridge and valley portions alternately provided on the corrugated tubular section, and the rigidity of the rib restrains the corrugated tubular section from curving outward. |
| US07952031B2 |
Barrier system for the line bushing of an electrical installation
A barrier system for a line leadthrough in an electric installation has mutually adjacent wall elements forming barriers that extend in an axial longitudinal direction and are spaced apart from each other, forming channels. The wall elements lie partially on a support, at least at their lower ends. The wall elements are joined by a plug element to the leadthrough. Slots having a width which corresponds to the wall thickness of the wall elements are arranged in the plug element. The wall elements can be inserted into the slots, thus permitting a barrier system to be quickly and easily assembled and disassembled. |
| US07952026B2 |
Angled stabs for a busway plug in unit
A busway system includes a plurality of busbars arranged in a flat stacked configuration. The system further includes at least one uninsulated stab having a base in direct contact with one of the busbars at a first length portion of the busbars. The stab also has a tip extending away from the base and angled at the length of the busbars such that the tip is positioned at least in part at a second length portion of the busbars. The stab is insulated from other stabs via one or more of a MYLAR® sheet and a wall of a plug-in opening base. |
| US07952023B2 |
Wall mounted enclosure with rotating patch panel frame
An apparatus for mounting electrical equipment includes a frame for carrying electrical equipment, a hinge connected to the frame, and a cable ring connected to the hinge. The cable ring is positioned between the frame and an axis of rotation of the hinge. |
| US07952021B2 |
System and method for loop detector installation
A pre-fabricated ferromagnetic loop having a footprint characterized by a continuous wire shaped according to a predetermined planar pattern. In some embodiments, the predetermined planar pattern can be multiple contiguous polygons within a larger footprint used for establishing a sensor for the detection of moving vehicles. The footprint may include one of a triangle, a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, a parallelogram, an ellipse, or a circle, and/or other shapes or configurations. Similarly, each of the multiple contiguous polygons may include one of a triangle, a square, a rectangle, a rhombus, a parallelogram, and/or other shapes or configurations. A loop sensor housing is arranged to enclose a continuous loop sensor wire configured in the predetermined planar pattern. The prefabricated loop sensor is inserted in a groove web pre-cut in a receiving medium to match the predetermined planar pattern. |
| US07952020B2 |
Water stopping structure and water stopping method
A water stopping structure includes a water stopping member that has an outer peripheral face which is inclined with respect to an axis direction of a shielded wire, and that is adapted to contract a diameter thereof and attached on an outer face of the shielded wire in a state that the outer peripheral face of the water stopping member is positioned to an end portion of the sheath which is adjacent to an exposed portion of the outer sheath, and a fastening ring that has an inner peripheral face which is corresponded to the outer peripheral face of the water stopping member in inclination. The fastening ring is slid in the axis direction of the shielded wire so as to press the end portion of the sheath of the shielded wire for contracting the diameter of the water stopping member in a state that the inner peripheral face of the fastening ring is arranged on the outer peripheral face of the water stopping member. |
| US07952019B2 |
Electrochemical cell structure and method of fabrication
An electrochemical cell and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The electrochemical cell comprises a first conductive layer; a metal oxide layer formed on the first conductive layer, the metal oxide layer comprising a plurality of adjacent metal oxide cells, spaced from one another; a functional dye layer formed on the metal oxide layer; a second conductive layer; and an electrolyte between the functional dye layer and the second conductive layer; wherein at least one of the first and second conductive layers is transparent. In one embodiment, the electrochemical cell further comprises separating means formed on the first conductive layer and surrounding each of the plurality of adjacent metal oxide cells. |
| US07952009B2 |
Non-conventional use of cups in cymbals
A technique for the creation of novel sounds in cymbals and resultant cymbals through the use of multiple and/or off center cups. |
| US07952008B2 |
Musical percussion instrument
The invention relates to a musical percussion instrument including a barrel and a membrane, being stretched over at least one of the openings and being in the form of a disc of appropriate material. The membrane has a device to collaborate with a complementary device of the barrel or a support to allow the membrane to be attached to the barrel with the application of tension. This musical instrument is characterized in that the membrane is equipped with devices defined by a series of holes, uniformly distributed at the periphery of the disc and through which a series of ties are intended to be anchored, at least part of the ties being capable of being secured to an element that forms an integral part of the barrel or of a support thereof. |
| US07952002B2 |
Plants and seeds of hybrid corn variety CH193307
According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the hybrid corn variety designated CH193307. The invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety CH193307, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety CH193307 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. The invention further relates to genetic complements of plants of variety CH193307. |
| US07951999B1 |
Soybean cultivar S07-02JR409106
The present invention is in the field of soybean cultivar S07-02JR409106 breeding and development. The present invention particularly relates to the soybean cultivar S07-02JR409106 and its progeny, and methods of making S07-02JR409106. |
| US07951993B2 |
Increasing grain yield through targeted reduction in ethylene signaling
The present invention is directed to plant genetic engineering. In particular, it is directed to producing green leaves and increasing productivity through inhibition of ethylene. The compositions and methods of the invention involve dominant negative ethylene receptors that interfere with ethylene signaling. |
| US07951991B2 |
Polynucleotides encoding plant prenyl proteases
The invention provides polynucleotides encoding plant prenyl protease polypeptides, vectors, host cells, and transgenic plant comprising the polynucleotides. The invention also provides methods of producing transgenic plants that have altered levels of prenyl protease polynucleotides and polypeptides, and transgenic plants that have increased tolerance to an environmental stress as compared to a wild type plant. |
| US07951989B2 |
Methods of screening agents for activity using teleosts
The present invention provides methods of screening an agent for activity using teleosts. Methods of screening an agent for angiogenesis activity, toxic activity and an effect cell death activity in teleosts are provided. Methods of screening an agent for an activity in the brain or central nervous system in zebrafish are provided. The invention further provides high throughput methods of screening agents in multi-well plates. |
| US07951988B2 |
Aqueous phase oxidation process
An improved oxidization process may be used to oxidize a wide variety of feedstocks. Oxidation takes place in a reactor where the feedstock is mixed with an oxidizing acid, such as nitric acid. The reaction mixture may also include a secondary oxidizing acid such as sulfuric acid as well as water and/or dissolved and mechanically mixed oxygen gas. The reactor may be maintained at an elevated pressure such as at least approximately 2070 kPa or desirably at least approximately 2800 kPa. The temperature of the reaction mixture may be maintained at no more than 210° C. In the various embodiments described herein, the process may include: combining recycled effluent from the reactor with the feedstock, combining one or more oxidizing acids with the feedstock, comminuting the feedstock to reduce the size of the particles, feeding the feedstock into the high pressure reactor at an approximately constant feed rate, dispersing oxygen gas from the headspace of the reactor into the reaction mixture, and/or removing all or almost all of the gas from the reactor through the liquid effluent. |
| US07951984B2 |
Aromatics co-production in a methanol-to-propylene unit
The present invention provides a reactor system having: (1) a first reactor receiving an oxygenate component and a hydrocarbon component and capable of converting the oxygenate component into a light olefin and the hydrocarbon component into alkyl aromatic compounds; (2) a separator system for providing a first product stream containing a C3 olefin, a second stream containing a C7 aromatic, and a third stream containing C8 aromatic compounds; (3) a first line connecting the separator to the inlet of the first reactor for conveying the second stream to the first reactor; (4) a second line in fluid communication with the separator system for conveying the C3 olefin to a propylene recovery unit, and (4) a third line in fluid communication with the separator system for conveying the C8 aromatic compounds to a xylene recovery unit. |
| US07951982B2 |
Method for producing fluorinated organic compounds
Disclosed is a process for the preparation of fluorinated olefins. In preferred embodiments C3 olefins are produced by methods comprising contacting a compound of the Formula (I) C(R1aR2bR3c) (I) with a compound of Formula (II) C(R1aR2bR3c)Cn(R1aR2bR3c) II wherein R1a, R2b, and R3c are independently a hydrogen atom or a halogen selected from the group consisting of fluorine; chlorine, bromine and iodine, provided that the compound of formula I has at least three halogen substituents and that said at three halogen substituents comprise at least one fluorine; a, b and c are independently=0, 1, 2 or 3 and (a+b+c)=2 or 3; and n is 0 or 1, under conditions effective to produce at least one C3 fluoroolefin. |
| US07951979B2 |
2,4,6-trisubstituted phenols having anesthetic properties
Trisubstituted phenol compounds and methods of using the compounds, e.g., for anesthetizing a subject, are disclosed. |
| US07951978B2 |
Process for producing acrolein and glycerin-containing composition
The present invention provides a process for producing acrolein, which exhibits a prolonged catalyst life, low energy consumption, and excellent efficiency, and which is earth-conscious, and a glycerin-containing composition which can preferably be used even in this process. The process for producing acrolein is one which includes bringing a raw material gas containing glycerin gas into contact with a solid acid catalyst in a reactor, and the partial pressure of the glycerin gas in the raw material gas is set to be from 0.01 to 30 kPa. The glycerin-containing composition is for use in a process for producing acrolein using a solid catalyst and includes a fatty acid and/or a fatty acid ester, and a total mass of the fatty acid and the fatty acid ester is from 0.001% to 5% by mass, relative to the glycerin. |
| US07951976B1 |
Synthesizing and utilizing novel nano crystalline zinc chromate supported nano palladium catalyst
Several metal-supported catalyst compositions based on nano-crystalline zinc oxide were synthesized and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Carbon dioxide temperature programmed desorption (CO2 TPD), and nitrogen adsorption at −196° C. The Pd-supported nano-ZnO mixed with different oxides such as Cr2O3, CrO3, MgO, and γ-Al2O3 showed high catalytic activity in acetone condensation in gas-phase process under hydrogen flow. This reaction involves the base-acid coupling of acetone to form mesityl oxide, followed by its hydrogenation to methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). The novel catalyst 1% wt. n-Pd/n-ZnCr2O4 was utilized during gas-phase reaction during production of MIBK. MIBK selectivity was 70-72% at 66-77% acetone conversion at 300-350° C. Diisobutyl ketone (DIBK) was the main by-product, with a total MIBK+DIBK selectivity up to 88%. The prepared catalysts showed stable activity and may be used repeatedly and for a longer period of time. |
| US07951974B2 |
Continuous methods and reacator used for the production of alkylamines
In the continuous process for preparing alkylamines by reacting C1-4-alkanols with ammonia in the gas phase in the presence of a shape-selective fixed-bed catalyst in a cooled reactor, the shape-selective fixed-bed catalyst is present in a single contiguous fixed bed in the reactor and tubes through which coolants are passed run within the fixed bed to regulate the temperature of the fixed bed. |
| US07951972B2 |
Human adam-10 inhibitors
The present invention provides compounds useful for inhibiting the ADAM-10 protein. Such compounds are useful in the in vitro study of the role of ADAM-10 (and its inhibition) in biological processes. The present invention also comprises pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more ADAM-10 inhibitors according to the invention in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Such compositions are useful for the treatment of cancer, arthritis, and diseases related to angiogenesis. Correspondingly, the invention also comprises methods of treating forms of cancer, arthritis, and diseases related to angiogenesis in which ADAM-10 plays a critical role. The invention also provides methods for making bis-aryl ether sulfonyl chlorides and ADAM-10 modulators therefrom. |
| US07951970B2 |
Process for recycling cyclopentadienyl derivatives and preparing metallocenes from recycled, substituted cyclopentadienyl derivatives
The present invention relates to a process for recycling cyclopentadienyl derivatives of the formulae (I) and (I′), a process for preparing metallocenes of the formula (III) from cyclopentadienyl derivatives of the formulae (I) and (I′) or from bridged biscyclopentadienyl derivatives of the formula (II), in which the cyclopentadienyl derivatives of the formulae (I), (I′) or (II) which are used have been at least partly recovered and purified by means of liquid-solid chromatography, and the use of liquid-solid chromatography for purifying substituted, recovered cyclopentadienyl derivatives of the formulae (I), (I′) or (II). |
| US07951963B2 |
Process for production of 1-(3-(2-(1-benzothiophen-5-yl)-ethoxy)propyl)azetidin-3-ol or salts thereof
A Process for production of 1-(3-(2-(1-benzothiophen-5-yl)ethoxy)propyl)azetidin-3-ol or salts thereof which comprises using as a starting compound as a (phenylthio)acetic acid derivative or salts thereof represented by the general formula: wherein X1 represents a halogen atom, is useful as a safe process for mass production of 1-(3-(2-(1-benzothiophen-5-yl)ethoxy)propyl)azetidin-3-ol or salts thereof which is useful as a remedy for disease of central and peripheral nerve. |
| US07951959B2 |
Hydrophilic labels for biomolecules
Compounds, compositions, and methods for optical, including fluorescence optical, determinations useful in labeling biomolecules such as protein and deoxyribonucleic acid for their detection and quantitation. The compounds are diastereomeric cyanines with high hydrophilicity and other desirable properties. |
| US07951957B2 |
Substituted benzimidazoles and their use for inducing apoptosis
The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein R represents aryl or heteroaryl, X is a bond, a carbonyl group, a derivative of a carbonyl group, an ethylene group or an ethylenecarbonyl group, R1 is optionally substituted amino or hydroxy, and the substituents R2 to R6 have the meanings given in the specification, to methods of synthesis of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of formula (I), to intermediates, to the use of a compounds of formula (I) as a medicament and for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of neoplastic and autoimmune diseases, and to methods of treatment of neoplastic and autoimmune diseases using such compounds of formula (I) or of pharmaceutical compositions containing same. |
| US07951950B2 |
PGD2 receptor antagonists for the treatment of inflammatory diseases
Disclosed are CRTH2 inhibitors represented by Structural Formula (I): The values for the variables of Structural Formula (I) are provided herein. |
| US07951948B2 |
Spirocyclic cyclohexane compounds
Spirocyclic cyclohexane compounds corresponding to formula I a method for producing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods of using them. |
| US07951947B2 |
Light-emitting material comprising orthometalated iridium complex, light-emitting device, high efficiency red light-emitting device, and novel iridium complex
A compound represented by following formula (23): wherein R11 and R12 each represents a substituent; R13, R14 and R15 each represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; m1 represents an integer of from 0 to 4; and m2 represents an integer of from 0 to 6. |
| US07951944B2 |
Emission material and organic electroluminescent device using the same
An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) is provided. The OELD includes a substrate, an anode, a cathode, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer and an emission layer. The anode and the cathode are disposed on the substrate. The hole transport layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The electron transport layer is disposed between the hole transport layer and the cathode. The emission layer is disposed between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer. The emission layer includes a host and a dopant. The chemical structure of the dopant is shown as the formula [I]: “M” is a metal atom whose atomic weight is greater than 40. “S” is selected from a group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, halogen, hydrogen and any other substituents. |
| US07951943B2 |
Method for preparing and purifying 3-hydroxyamidinophenylalanine compounds
The present invention relates to the preparation of 3-hydroxyamidino-phenylalanine derivatives in highly pure form which can be used for example as urokinase inhibitors. The present invention further relates to the use of high-purity 3-hydroxyamidinophenylalanine derivatives for preparing 3-amidinophenylalanine derivatives. |
| US07951935B2 |
siRNA targeting v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (MYC)
Efficient sequence specific gene silencing is possible through the use of siRNA technology. By selecting particular siRNAs by rational design, one can maximize the generation of an effective gene silencing reagent, as well as methods for silencing genes. Methods, compositions, and kits generated through rational design of siRNAs are disclosed including those directed to MYC. |
| US07951929B2 |
Insecticidal compounds and methods for selection thereof
A series of potent and highly specific insecticidal toxins characterized by an amino acid sequences SEQ ID NO: 2-35. |
| US07951926B2 |
Method for the synthesis of oligonucleotide derivatives
Method for the synthesis of nucleotide derivatives wherein molecules of interest are grafted on the oligonucleotide with the help of a “click chemistry” reaction between an azide function on the molecule of interest and an alkyne function on the oligonucleotide, or between an alkyne function on the molecule of interest and an azide function on the oligonucleotide.Intermediate molecules, notably alkyne functionalized oligonucleotides, grafted oligonucleotides, azide functionalized oligonucleotides, oligonucleotide micro arrays containing them and the use of those grafted oligonucleotides for biological investigation and for cell targeting. |
| US07951923B2 |
Fluorescent proteins and chromoproteins from non-Aequorea hydrozoa species and methods for using same
The present invention provides nucleic acid molecules encoding a fluorescent and chromo-proteins and mutants, variants and derivatives thereof, as well as proteins and peptides encoded by these nucleic acids. The nucleic acid molecules and proteins of interest are isolated from non-Aequorea Hydrozoa species. The proteins of interest include yellow fluorescent protein, phiYFP, from Phialidium sp., green fluorescent protein hydr1GFP and purple chromoprotein, hm2CP from hydroid medusae of sub-order Anthomedusae. Also of interest are proteins that are substantially similar to, or derivatives, or homologues, or mutants of, the above-referenced specific proteins. Also provided are fragments of the nucleic acids and the peptides encoded thereby, as well as antibodies specific to the proteins and peptides of the invention. In addition, host-cells, stable cell lines and transgenic organisms comprising above-referenced nucleic acid molecules are provided. The subject protein and nucleic acid compositions find use in a variety of different applications and methods, particularly for labeling of biomolecules, cell or cell organelles. Finally, kits for use in such methods and applications are provided. |
| US07951916B2 |
Il-1 related polypeptides
The present invention is directed to novel polypeptides having homology to the IL-1-like family of proteins and to nucleic acid molecules encoding those polypeptides. Also provided herein are vectors and host cells comprising those nucleic acid sequences, chimeric polypeptide molecules comprising the polypeptides of the present invention fused to heterologous polypeptide sequences, antibodies which bind to the polypeptides of the present invention, and methods for producing the polypeptides of the present invention. |
| US07951911B2 |
Carbon nanotube binding peptides
Peptides have been generated that have binding affinity to carbon nanostructures and particularly carbon nanotubes. Peptides of or the invention are generally about twelve amino acids in length. Methods for generating carbon nanotube binding peptides are also disclosed. |
| US07951910B2 |
Peptides with the marburg I polymorphism of factor VII-activating protease (FSAP) and their preparation and uses
The invention relates to peptides with the Marburg I polymorphism of FSAP and to their preparation and uses, in particular in therapy and diagnosis. The peptides are suitable for use as immunizing antigens for preparing FSAP MR I specific antibodies. |
| US07951908B2 |
Recombinant spider silk proteins
The present invention is directed to recombinant spider silk proteins, nucleic acids, coding for these recombinant spider silk proteins, as well as hosts suitable for expressing those nucleic acids. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to a method of aggregation of spider silk proteins and the use of the proteins in the field of biotechnology and/or medicine and other industrial fields, in particular in the manufacture of automotive parts, in the aircraft construction, in the processing of textiles and leather, as well as in the manufacture and processing of paper and the like. |
| US07951905B2 |
Synthesis of carbohydrate-templated amino acids and methods of using same
The present invention generally relates to tetrahydropyranyl-derivatized amino acids, their syntheses and their incorporation into peptides and peptidomimetics. The tetrahydropyran moiety constrains the side chain of an amino acid, thereby providing a molecule that may act as a sugar- or amino acid-mimetic as well as a scaffold for combinatorial synthesis. |
| US07951904B2 |
Therapeutic uses of monoclonal antibodies to the angiotensin-II type-1 receptor
The use of monoclonal antibodies to the angiotensin-II type-I receptor is provided for the treatment of cancer and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Specifically, use is provided of a monoclonal antibody or a fragment thereof to a peptide comprising the N-terminal portion of the angiotensin-II type-1 receptor defined by the sequence MILNSSTEDG IKRIQDDCPK AGRHNYIFVM IPTLYSIIFV VGIFG in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of cancer or in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell proliferation. |
| US07951903B2 |
Hydrazone compound, hydrazone compound for forming complex, ligand for forming metal complex, and monomer for manufacturing polymer compound
A hydrazone compound represented by a General Formula (1) below, a hydrazone compound for forming a metal complex, which is represented by the General Formula (1) below and forms a metal complex by coordination to at least one metal species, a ligand for forming a metal complex including the hydrazone compound, and a monomer for manufacturing a polymer compound including the hydrazone compound: wherein, Py represents a 2-pyridyl group, a 3-pyridyl group, or a 4-pyridyl group. |
| US07951897B2 |
Synthesis of cationic siloxane prepolymers
This application is directed toward an improved method of synthesizing cationic siloxane prepolymers as well as a specific cationic siloxane prepolymer having improved compatibility with monofunctional siloxanyl methacrylate monomers and medical devices containing the cationic siloxane prepolymer. |
| US07951896B2 |
Process for the production of NCO prepolymers that are stable to sedimentation, and their use
The present invention relates to NCO-terminated prepolymers that are stable to sedimentation, to a process for the production of these NCO-terminated prepolymers, and to the production of polyurethanes from these NCO-terminated polymers. |
| US07951895B2 |
Process for preparing a silicone resin
The invention relates to, and the general field of the invention is that of, the synthesis of silicone resins, more particularly the synthesis of silicone resins of type MQ. The process relates to the preparation of MQ silicone resins and permits better control of the operating conditions in the step of the polymerization of a sodium silicate (B) in aqueous medium in the presence of an acid (C) to form a silica hydrosol (polysilicic acid). In the course of the polycondensation step the reactants, a sodium silicate and an acid, are mixed, preferably in continuous fashion, dynamically to form a mixture (3), by means of at least one intensive mixing tool (M) producing a power ε per unit volume of more than 10 kW/m3. |
| US07951893B2 |
Star silicone polymers
The present invention is directed to a multifunctional organo-silicone compound and the use of that compound in personal care and other applications. These compounds by virtue of their unique structure provide outstanding micro emulsions and provide outstanding skin feel. |
| US07951890B2 |
Solid-phase extraction method of steroid hormones by entrapped β-cyclodextrin polymers
Provided is a method for selective extraction of steroid compounds using entrapped β-cyclodextrin polymers. Particularly, steroid hormones can be effectively selected from a biological sample by selectively extracting steroid compounds using entrapped β-cyclodextrin polymers, prepared by adding epichlorohydrin to β-cyclodextrin to prepare a polymer in a gel state, entrapping the polymer and pulverizing the products without using an additional device required in conventional solid-phase extraction. |
| US07951887B2 |
Process for producing a polymer
The object of the present invention is to provide a process for industrially advantageously producing a polymer having a high molecular weight and a narrow, monodispersed molecular weight distribution, and more particularly, a block copolymer of an anionic polymerizable monomer and an acrylic monomer. The object of the present invention was able to be achieved by reacting an acrylic monomer with a polymer anion, the terminal of which has been modified by a compound that forms a living carbanion capable of polymerizing an anionic polymerizable monomer by reacting with an anion, but which itself does not polymerize, in the presence of a compound represented by formula (1): (R1)nM (wherein, R1 represents a C1-C20 alkyl group or a C6-C20 aryl group, R1 may be the same or different in the case n is 2 or more, M represents an atom belonging to Group 2, 12 or 13 of the long form of the periodic table, and n represents the valency of M). |
| US07951885B2 |
Hydrophilic crosslinked polymer
The present invention relates to a hydrophilic crosslinked polymer, preferably in the form of porous particles, and to the preparation and use thereof. The polymer according to the invention is produced by polymerisation from chain-forming hydrophilic vinyl ethers and crosslinking, preferably heterocyclic divinyl ethers. |
| US07951883B1 |
Preparation of multimodal, high density, ethylene homopolymer barrier resins and films
Disclosed is a multimodal, high density, homopolyethylene barrier resin. The resin is preferably made by a multistage process. The process comprises a first stage in which ethylene is homopolymerized in the presence of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst, organoaluminum cocatalyst, alkoxysilane modifier, and hydrogen. The reaction mixture from the first stage is devolatilized to remove all or substantially all of the hydrogen. The polymerization continues in a second stage wherein ethylene is added to the devolatilized reaction mixture to produce the barrier resin. The barrier resin provides films with improved barrier properties. |
| US07951882B2 |
Catalyst composition comprising shuttling agent for higher olefin multi-block copolymer formation
Copolymers, especially multi-block copolymer containing therein two or more segments or blocks differing in chemical or physical properties, are prepared by polymerizing propylene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, or other C4-8α-olefin and one or more copolymerizable comonomers, especially ethylene in the presence of a composition comprising the admixture or reaction product resulting from combining: (A) a first metal complex olefin polymerization catalyst, (B) a second metal complex olefin polymerization catalyst capable of preparing polymers differing in chemical or physical properties from the polymer prepared by catalyst (A) under equivalent polymerization conditions, and (C) a chain shuttling agent. |
| US07951881B2 |
Polyethylene film having improved barrier properties and methods of making same
A method comprising (a) providing a catalyst comprising chromium and a support having a pore volume of from about 1.7 ml/g to about 3.5 ml/g and a surface area of from about 450 m2/g to about 700 m2/g, (b) oxidizing the catalyst to form an oxidized catalyst, (c) reducing the oxidized catalyst to form an oxidized reduced catalyst, (d) oxidizing the oxidized reduced catalyst to form an activated catalyst, (e) contacting the activated catalyst with an olefin under conditions suitable to form a polyolefin, and (f) recovering the polyolefin, wherein the polyolefin has a density of greater than about 0.960 g/cc and a melt index of from about 1.3 g/10 min. to about 2.8 g/10 min. |
| US07951880B2 |
Compositions for breast implant filling and methods of use
The methods and compositions disclosed herein describes a solution containing at least one block co-polymer that is a liquid at lower temperatures and transitions to a gel at higher temperatures. The compositions are useful, for example, as an alternative to saline or silicone-gel as fillers for prostheses. |
| US07951871B2 |
Curing rubber by hydrosilation
A method for preparing a thermoplastic vulcanizate, the method comprising dynamically vulcanizing a rubber within a blend that includes the rubber and a thermoplastic polymer, where said dynamically vulcanizing is effected with a cure system that includes a hydrosilating agent and a catalyst, where the hydrosilating agent includes a compound including at least 3 silicon hydride groups defined by the formula where each R is independently a monovalent organic group or hydrogen, and where the silicon atoms of the respective silicon hydride groups are spatially separated by at least 6 atoms. |
| US07951870B2 |
Golf ball compositions having in-situ or reactive impact modified silicone-urea or silicone urethane
Modified silicone urea and modified silicone urethane polymers for use in golf equipment components to provide improved impact resistance upon contact with a golf club including reactive polymer alloys formed in situ from silicone-ureas and/or silicone-urethanes and impact resistant polymers and oligomers. |
| US07951866B2 |
Transparent resin molding, optical lens, and optical film
It is an object of the present invention to provide a transparent resin molding having both high reflow heat resistance and excellent optical characteristics and to provide an optical lens and an optical film each including the transparent resin molding and having high heat resistance and excellent optical characteristics. A transparent resin molding according to the present invention is obtained by molding a molding material containing a thermoplastic resin and crosslinking the thermoplastic resin, in which the thermoplastic resin is selected from resins having an average transmissivity of 60% or more in the wavelength range of 600 to 1,000 nm when molded into a molding with a thickness of 2 mm, and the resin molding with a thickness of 2 mm has an average transmissivity of 60% or more in the wavelength range of 600 to 1,000 nm when the resin molding is heated at 200° C. for 10 minutes. |
| US07951861B2 |
Coupling agent for elastomeric composition comprising a reinforcing filler
A method of decreasing the roiling resistance of a tire formed from a sulfur-vulcanized elastomeric by combining at least one diene elastomer and at least one reinforcing filler, with an effective amount of a coupling agent consisting of a combination of: 10 to 90%, of a product (I) consisting of a blend of poly(alkylphenol) polysulfides of formula: in which: R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms; n and n′ are two integers, which may be identical or different, from 1 to 8; p is an integer from 0 to 50; and 10 to 90% of a product (II) consisting of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide, to form a mixture; thereafter working said mixture; and thereafter heating said mixture to vulcanize said mixture. 90% of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide. |
| US07951858B2 |
Bituminous products and aqueous emulsions based on bituminous products and uses thereof
The invention concerns novel bituminous products, as well as novel aqueous emulsions of bituminous products, mixtures thereof with coated granules, useful for sealing application, building and maintaining road surfaces, sidewalks and runways, road surfaces, sidewalks, bicycle paths, parking lots and runways. |
| US07951855B2 |
Color integrated and mobile paint systems for producing paint from a plurality of prepaint components
What is disclosed is a plurality of prepaints which are used in any combination to produce base paints and/or colored paints of varying end-use application characteristics. Additionally, a mobile paint factory for producing a plurality of lines of architectural coatings from a plurality of prepaints en route to and/or at various locations is disclosed. The mobile paint factory may include a vehicle having a paint production system and a paint mixer located thereon. Furthermore, a method of producing a plurality of lines of user-selected architectural coatings from a plurality of prepaints en route to and/or at various locations is disclosed. The method may include: providing a mobile paint factory; prompting a user to select through the paint production system an interior or exterior application environment, a paint sheen, and a paint quality; automatically dispensing predetermined amounts of appropriate prepaints; and agitating the dispensed prepaints. |
| US07951852B2 |
Free-flowing composition of a biocide and a processing additive therewith for incorporation into a polymer or plastic matrix product
A matrix which is a polymer, plastic or polymer-wood composite includes a composition of a biocide and a processing additive therewith in the form of a free-flowing powder. |
| US07951845B2 |
Composition and method of treating hearing loss
A composition for treating hearing loss includes components that function through different biological mechanisms to provide an additive effect that is equal to or greater than a sum of the effect of the individual components. The composition includes a biologically effective amount of at least one scavenger of singlet oxygen, a donor antioxidant, a third antioxidant, and a vasodilator. A method of treating hearing loss includes the step of internally administering the composition including a biologically effective amount of the at least one scavenger of singlet oxygen, the donor antioxidant, the third antioxidant, and the vasodilator to a mammal within three days of trauma to a middle or inner ear of the mammal. |
| US07951844B2 |
Tranquilizer and functional food
This invention provides a pharmaceutical and functional food which are made of a safe food ingredient or nutrient which has been used for a long period of time, and which have tranquilizing effect such as anti-anxiety effect, anti-depression effect, and anti-stress effect. The tranquilizer of the invention contains vitamin K as an active ingredient. Vitamin K is preferably menaquinone-4 and/or menaquinone-7. This invention also provides a supplement, health food or functional food for tranquilizing purpose that contains vitamin K as an active ingredient. |
| US07951842B2 |
Use of Cupuassu butter based amphoteric amidoamines as amphoteric surfactants
This invention relates to the use of compounds of the general formula (I): R′—CONH—X—NR2R3—R4—Y in which R1 represents an alkyl moiety containing 11 to 21 carbon atoms, X stands for a (CH2)n- group and n is an integer from 1 to 6, R2 and R3 independently represent an alkyl moiety with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an hydrogen atom, Y stands for a COO— group, in cosmetic compositions, characterized in that the compound of formula (I): is prepared by reacting the oil from Theo-broma grandiflorum with an amine of the formula (II): H2N—X—NR2R3 and subsequently reaction with sodium monochloroacetic acid. |
| US07951840B2 |
Zinc salt compositions for the prevention of dermal and mucosal irritation
The addition of low concentrations of combinations of water-soluble organic salts of zinc to gels, creams, lotions or ointments can increase the ability of these products to reduce or prevent exogenous irritants from causing irritation of the underlying substrate. The addition of low concentrations of combinations of water-soluble organic zinc salts to these gels, creams, lotions or ointments also can reduce the irritation of skin or mucous membranes caused by the addition of potentially-irritating substances such as spermicides, microbicides, fungicides or other therapeutic agents to the gel, cream, lotion or ointment. The advantages of this anti-irritant approach over others, which generally employ high concentrations of single zinc salts, are the reduced potential for zinc toxicity, the reduced potential for toxicity related to zinc itself, and the preservation of the desirable biological properties of potentially-irritating therapeutic substances added to the gel, cream, lotion or ointment. |
| US07951838B2 |
Substituted spirocyclic chromanamine compounds as Beta-Secretase modulators and methods of use
The present invention comprises a new class of compounds useful for the modulation of Beta-secretase enzyme activity and for the treatment of Beta-secretase mediated diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related conditions. In one embodiment, the compounds have a general Formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, A1, A2, A3, A4, X and Z are defined herein. The invention also includes use of these compounds in pharmaceutical compositions for treatment, prophylactic or therapeutic, of disorders and conditions related to the activity of beta-secretase protein. Such disorders include, for example, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), cognitive deficits and impairment, schizophrenia and other similar central nervous system conditions. The invention also comprises further embodiments of Formula II, intermediates and processes useful for the preparation of compounds of Formulas I and II. |
| US07951834B2 |
Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
This invention relates to a process for the synthesis of ketomethylene derivatives of the tripeptide Phe-Gly-Pro (“keto-ACE”, compound 5a) and analogues thereof. The synthesis process proceeds via an α,β-unsaturated keto intermediate. A key feature of the process involves a Horner-Emmons olefination of the, -unsaturated keto-phosphonate with ethyl glyoxylate. Keto-ACE analogues produced by the process of the invention display C-domain selectivity. |
| US07951830B2 |
Compounds effecting glucokinase
The invention relates to the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a salt, solvate or prodrug thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, n and m are as described in the specification, in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a disease condition mediated through glucokinase (GLK), such as type 2 diabetes. The invention also relates to a novel group of compounds of Formula (I) and to methods for preparing compounds of Formula (I). |
| US07951824B2 |
4-aryl-pyridine-2-carboxyamide derivatives
The present invention relates to novel pyridine-2-carboxyamide derivatives of formula (I) useful as metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists: wherein Y, Z, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the specification herein. |
| US07951823B2 |
Compounds and compositions as channel activating protease inhibitors
The invention provides compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, which are useful for modulating channel activating proteases, and methods for, using such compounds to treat, ameliorate or prevent a condition associated with a channel activating protease, including but not limited to prostasin, PRSS22, TMPRSS11 (e.g., TMPRSS11B, TMPRSS11E), TMPRSS2, TMPRSS3, TMPRSS4 (MTSP-2), matriptase (MTSP-1), CAP2, CAP3, trypsin, cathepsin A, or neutrophil elastase. |
| US07951818B2 |
Imidazolopyridine compounds useful for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases
Novel imidazolopyridine compounds are disclosed that have a formula represented by the following: The compounds may be prepared as pharmaceutical compositions, and may be used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of conditions in mammals including humans, including by way of non-limiting example, ECM degradation, joint degradation and/or inflammation, and others. |
| US07951814B2 |
Quinazolinedione derivatives as TRPA1 modulators
The present invention provides Quinazolinedione derivatives as TRPA (Transient Receptor Potential subfamily A) modulators. In particular, compounds described herein are useful for treating or preventing diseases, conditions and/or disorders modulated by TRPA1 (Transient Receptor Potential subfamily A, member 1). Also provided herein are processes for preparing compounds described herein, intermediates used in their synthesis, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods for treating or preventing diseases, conditions and/or disorders modulated by TRPA1. |
| US07951813B2 |
Quinazolinone derivatives as ALDH-2 inhibitors
Disclosed are novel quinazolinone derivatives of formula: wherein: R1 is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; R2 is 3-hydroxy, 4-hydroxy, 3-NHR4 or 4-NHR4, in which R4 is hydrogen, —C(O)R5, —C(O)NHR6, or —SO2R6; in which R5 is optionally substituted lower alkyl or optionally substituted lower alkoxy; and R6 is optionally substituted lower alkyl; R3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, or halo; V is oxygen, sulfur, or —NH—; and W is lower alkylene of 1-3 carbon atoms, which are useful as ALDH-2 inhibitors for treating mammals for various disease states, such as treatment for cocaine dependency and alcohol dependency. |
| US07951810B2 |
Substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as inhibitors of E1 activating enzymes
This invention relates to compounds of formula (I-A) wherein Ring A and the variables X, Y, R3a, R3b, R3c, R3d, R4, R5, R5′, and m are defined herein. The compounds of formula (I-A) inhibit E1 activating enzymes, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, and methods of using the compounds. The compounds of the invention are useful for treating disorders, particularly cell proliferation disorders, including cancers, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders; and inflammation associated with infection and cachexia. |
| US07951807B2 |
Substituted oxindol derivatives and medicaments containing the same
The present invention relates to novel oxindole derivatives of the general formula (I), wherein the substituents A, B, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in Claim 1, and medicaments containing the same for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of vasopressin-dependent or oxytocin-dependent diseases. |
| US07951805B2 |
Heterocyclic derivatives and their use as mediators of stearoyl-CoA desaturase
Methods of treating an SCD-mediated disease or condition in a mammal, preferably a human, are disclosed, wherein the methods comprise administering to a mammal in need thereof a compound of formula (I): Formula (I) where x, y, G, J, L, M, V, W, R2, R3, R4, R5, R5a, R6, R6a, R7, R7a, R8, and R8a are defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of formula (I) are also disclosed. |
| US07951803B2 |
8-heteroarylpurine MNK2 inhibitors for treating metabolic disorders
Compounds of the formula wherein R1 represents optionally substituted C1-C10 alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, and R3 represents alkoxy-substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl, are disclosed as Mnk2 inhibitors which are useful for the treatment and prevention of metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. |
| US07951802B2 |
Use of 7-azaindoles in the inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase
The present invention provides a compound of formula (I); or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity and particularly in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory diseases and/or and autoimmune diseases. The invention also provides processes for the manufacture of compounds of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and compositions containing them. |
| US07951801B2 |
Beta-carbolines useful for treating inflammatory disease
This invention provides beta-carboline compounds of formula III-A-aa: wherein Q, G, R1, R2, R3, and R6b are as described in the specification. The compounds are useful for treating diseases such as inflammatory diseases and cancer. |
| US07951798B2 |
Polymorphs of olanzapine hydrochloride
The present invention relates to new crystalline forms I, II and III of 2-methyl-4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]-benzodiazepine hydrochloride, a process for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same. Said new polymorphic forms are useful as active ingredients for the treatment of psychotic conditions. |
| US07951793B2 |
Substituted heterocyclic derivatives useful as antidiabetic and antiobesity agents and method
Compounds are provided which have the structure wherein Z1 is (CH2)q or C═O; Z2 is (CH2)p or C═O; D is —CH═ or C═O or (CH2)m where m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n=0, 1 or 2; p=1 or 2; q=0, 1 or 2; Q is C or N; X is CH or N; X2 is C, N, O or S; X3 is C, N, O or S; X4 is C, N, O or S; X5 is C, N, O or S; X6 is C, N, O or S; provided that at least one of X2, X3, X4 X5 and X6 is N; and at least one of X2, X3, X4 X5 and X6 is C; and A, B, R1, R2, R2a, R4, R3, E, Z and Y are as defined herein, which compounds are useful in treating diabetes and related diseases. |
| US07951788B2 |
Method of treating cancer and other conditions or disease states using L-cytosine nucleoside analogs
The present invention relates to the use of the compound according to formula (I) Where S is (A) or (B); X is H or F; R1 is H, an acyl group, a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, a phosphate, diphosphate, triphosphate or a phosphodiester group, a (C) or (D) group; Where Nu is a radical of a biologically active compound such as an anticancer, antihyperproliferative or antiviral compound such that an amino group or hydroxyl group from said biologically active agent forms a phosphate, phosphoramidate, carbonate or urethane group with the adjacent moiety; Each R8 is independently H, or a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group, preferably H or a C1-C2 alkyl group; k is 0-12, preferably, 0-2; R2 is H, an acyl group or a C1-C20 alkyl or ether group; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or polymorphs thereof for the treatment of tumors, cancer and hyperproliferative diseases, among other conditions or disease states. |
| US07951787B2 |
Phosphoramidate compounds and methods of use
Phosphoramidate derivatives of nucleotides and their use in the treatment of cancer are described. The base moieties of, for example, each of deoxyuridine, cytarabine, gemcitabine and citidine may be substituted at the 5-position. The phosphoramidate moiety has attached to the P atom an aryl-O moiety and an α-amino acid moiety. The α-amino acid moiety may correspond to or be derived from either a naturally occurring or a non-naturally occurring amino acid. |
| US07951786B2 |
Method of treating inflammatory arthropathies with suppressors of CpG oligonucleotides
The present disclosure relates to oligodeoxynucleotides that suppress an immune response. Methods are disclosed for preventing or treating inflammatory arthropathies by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a suppressive oligodeoxynucleotide. |
| US07951782B2 |
Composition effective to prevent or treat adult disease
Disclosed is a composition comprising, as an active ingredient, an enzyme digest that is produced by digesting a basic fraction of an animal-derived cartilage extract with an enzyme. Also disclosed is a polypeptide composition comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one polypeptide selected from specific polypeptides including a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence depicted in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. |
| US07951781B2 |
Methods and compositions related to PLUNC surfactant polypeptides
Embodiments include compositions and methods for lower the surface tension of a liquid-air interface by contacting such interface with all or part of a PLUNC polypeptide. |
| US07951780B2 |
Antitumor agent
An antitumor agent containing, in combination, at least one kind of antitumor agent selected from the group consisting of an antitumor agent that forms a cross-link with DNA and shows an antitumor effect, an antimetabolite antitumor agent and a taxane antitumor agent, and a histone deacetylase inhibitor. According to the present invention, an antitumor agent causing reduced side effects and having a superior antitumor activity can be provided. |