最新美国发明专利第2011-03-08期 - 专利汇|PatentHub专利检索|专利查询网|发明专利查询分析

Document	Document Title
US07903833B2	Headworn listening device and method A headworn listening device includes a right ear assembly and a left ear assembly interconnected by a headband. The headworn listening device is preferably comfortable to wear and provides high-quality audio and flexible signal processing features without requiring customized fitting. The listening device includes a signal processor with programmable signal processing characteristics and a memory storing a plurality of user-selectable signal processing settings. For example, there may be signal processing settings for different environments, such as a first setting for a quiet environment and a second setting for a noisy environment. In operation, a user actuates a user-operable control coupled to a microcontroller to select a desired signal processing setting.
US07903828B2	Remote multipoint architecture for full-duplex audio A method, microphone module and a system for full-duplex audio system implementing full duplex audio, audio echo cancellation and audio codec. The audio signals from the microphones and to the loudspeakers are encoded to reduce the transmission bandwidth requirement during wired or wireless transmission and decoded when needed for further processing. Each microphone has transceivers to receive signals fed to loudspeakers within the microphone module. An audio echo canceller is installed within each microphone module to generate echo free audio signal for further signal processing. Problems due to the combination of lossy codec and echo cancellation are avoided.
US07903826B2	Headset with ambient sound A headset that includes an input that receives an audio signal from an electronic equipment, and at least one earpiece having an electro-acoustic speaker for converting electrical signals to audible sound. The headset further includes at least one microphone that receives ambient sound and converts the ambient sound to an ambient sound signal. In addition, the headset includes a processing circuit formed as an integral unit with the input and the at least one earpiece. The processing circuit includes circuitry that combines the audio signal from the electronic equipment with the ambient sound signal from the at least one microphone and provides the combined signals to the at least one earpiece such that the electro-acoustic speaker reproduces the ambient sound in combination with audio from the audio signal.
US07903820B2	Key production system A key production system to determine a cryptographic key for a selected cryptoperiod being later than or equal to a cryptoperiod-A, and earlier than or equal to a different cryptoperiod-B, the system including a first receiver to receive a first key-component, associated with cryptoperiod-A, forming part of a first hash-chain progressing via a first one-way function, progressive key-components corresponding to later cryptoperiods, a second receiver to receive a second key-component, associated with cryptoperiod-B, forming part of a second hash-chain progressing via a second one-way function, progressive key-components corresponding to earlier cryptoperiods, first and second key-component determination modules to determine key-components in the first hash-chain and the second hash-chain, respectively, for the selected cryptoperiod, and a key determination module to determine the cryptographic key based on the key-components in the first and second hash chain for the selected cryptoperiod. Related methods and apparatus are also included.
US07903818B2	Random access method for improving scrambling efficiency A random access method for improving scrambling performance is disclosed. In particular, when a terminal performs a random access to a specific network, the present invention proposes a scheme for transmitting an uplink transmission signal corresponding to an uplink grant by scrambling the uplink transmission signal using a terminal identification information value received via a random access response message. Preferably, the terminal identification information value used for the scrambling is able to use a temporary C-RNTI received via the random access response message.
US07903816B2	Storage system executing encryption and decryption processing A storage system 1 includes a channel interface (IF) unit 11 having an interface with a server 3, a disk IF unit 16 having an interface with a hard disk group 2, a memory unit 21 for storing data to be read/written from/to the server 3 or the hard disk group 2, a switching unit 51, and the hard disk group 2. The channel IF unit 11, the disk IF unit 16, and the memory unit 21 are connected to each other through the switching unit 51, and an encryption and decryption processing unit 201 is provided between a host IF unit 101 and a transfer controller 103 in the channel IF unit 11.
US07903812B2	Detection and handling of encryption key and initialization vector Provided are a method, system, and article of manufacture that maintains, at a decryption unit, and expected key identifier and an expected initialization vector. A key identifier and an initialization vector are received at the decryption unit, wherein a plurality of encrypted data records are preceded by the key identifier and the initialization vector in a data stream, and wherein the plurality of encrypted data records have been encrypted with a cryptographic key that is recoverable by the decryption unit from the key identifier. An initiation is made of the reading of the plurality of encrypted data records of the data stream, in response to determining at the decryption unit that the received key identifier matches the expected key identifier. Certain embodiments are implemented in a storage library, comprising at least one storage drive, and at least one decryption unit included in the at least one storage drive, wherein in certain embodiments the storage library is a tape library. Certain additional embodiments are implemented in a storage drive, comprising a removable storage medium and at least one decryption unit coupled to the removable storage medium, wherein in certain embodiments the storage drive is a tape drive.
US07903805B2	Method and system for providing enhanced call waiting A method and system are disclosed for providing an enhanced call waiting announcement to a called party that is busy on a first call and receives a second call. Information provided by a second calling party is recorded and played back to the called party after the first call is over. The called party is not interrupted during the duration of the first call.
US07903804B2	System and method for managing multiple codes for a telephone number A method of managing multiple codes for a telephone number includes associating plural codes with the telephone number. Each code has a user recognizable name. At least the names of the codes are displayed for user selection. A signal in accordance with the code that corresponds to a user selected one of the names is transmitted to a remote location.
US07903802B2	Method and system for providing calling number restoral A system and method for restoring the original calling number in a call routed through an out-of-network enhanced service provider to a forwarding destination. The system comprises a service control point, a service switching point in communication with the service control point, and an enhanced service provider service node in communication with the service switching point, wherein the service node is located outside of a network while the remaining components reside within the network, and wherein the service switching point is provisioned with two triggers: an incoming trigger for calls to the service node and an outgoing trigger for calls from the service node. According to the method, the service control point, in response to the incoming trigger, removes and stores the private call information of a call exiting the network and, in response to the outgoing trigger, restores that private call information to the call once the call re-enters the network.
US07903800B2	Method and system for visually representing telephone call tree interface A method, system and computer instructions for visually representing telephone call tree interfaces for interaction by users of data network phones, such as, for example, wire-line telephones, data network telephones, or IP telephones. A caller can connect to an automated telephone answering service, and view a display of an interactive, visual interface for a call tree. The display can depict actions that can be taken with respect to the nodes of the call tree. The visual interface can show details about one or more nodes of the call tree, and the caller can select a node for interaction and enter a wait queue associated with the selected node. For example, the caller can use a wire-line telephone, wireless telephone, data network telephone, or IP telephone to interact with, navigate and/or modify the displayed call tree.
US07903799B1	Method and apparatus for providing a communications service feature for a communication through a network A method and apparatus for providing a communications service feature to a party communicating through a network. It is first determined if the party making the communication is a subscriber based on an identifier associated with the party and a local database containing a subset of subscriber identifiers. It is then verified that the identifier associated with the party is in the subset of identifiers that would be included in this local database. For those identifiers that are not in the local database and that are not in the subset of identifiers that would be included in the local database, a global database containing all subscriber identifiers is queried to determine if the party is a subscriber. It can also be verified that the network provider knows the identifier of the party making the communication and that the provider is able to provide the communications service feature for the particular communication. If the party is a subscriber and the above conditions are met, the communications service feature is provided.
US07903796B1	Method and apparatus for unified communication management via instant messaging Methods and apparatus for a unified communications manager via instant messaging are provided. In particular, a user may interface with a user service center to use applications via an instant messaging service to manage various aspects of their communications such as their phone calls, voice mail, email, and instant messages. A user may also manage their contact information and profile, such as rules for how calls are forwarded to the user. Thus, a user is provided a unified communications manager to implement rules and conditions across a wide variety of devices and networks.
US07903795B2	System and method for indicating status of an incoming transmission to a user A method and system are provided for managing incoming transmissions. A response to an incoming transmission is generated as a function of recipient availability and information relating to the incoming transmission, such as a medium of the transmission. An indication, representative of the incoming transmission and the response, is provided to one or more recipient devices. A method and system are also provided for managing one or more transmission events, represented by notification signals, where the notification signals are processed as a function of schedule data relating to a user. Indication data is generated as a function of the notification signals and provided to one or more user-specified devices, wherein the indication data includes an identification of a type of transmission event and a representation of a response to at least one of the transmission events.
US07903792B2	Method and system for interjecting comments to improve information presentation in spoken user interfaces A method and an apparatus for providing audio information to a user. The method and apparatus provide information in multiple modes that represent various pieces of information and/or alternatives.
US07903791B2	Enhanced E911 location information using voice over internet protocol (VoIP) An E-9-1-1 voice-over-IP (VoIP) solution is provided wherein a 911 call from a wireless VoIP device is routed directly to the correct Public Safety Answer Point (PSAP) via dedicated trunks, together with correct location information and call-back number. VoIP gateways are implemented locally, at least one per LATA, and accept VoIP packetized data inbound, and convert it to standard wireline voice calls. Calls are routed to an IP address at the VoIP gateway, which then egresses the call to a voice port at a selective router. Dedicated voice trunks (CAMA, SS7, FG-D) are installed between each local VoIP gateway and appropriate selective routers. An Automatic Location Identification (ALI) database is provisioned with ESRKs dedicated for VoIP use. TCP/IP circuits may be established between some or all of the various local VoIP gateways.
US07903790B2	System and method for completing incomplete records in a database of twisted cable pair information A system and method for imputing data into a database includes an imputing system operable to impute data based on outside plant construction principles. The imputing system includes an inventory database, a data engine, a search engine, and a loop engine. The inventory database includes a plurality of distribution records each associated with one or more cable pairs. The data engine determines if a desired distribution record corresponding to a desired cable pair includes missing data. The search engine searches a known class of serving terminals for complete distribution records and iteratively searches a sized binder group within the inventory database for one or more complete distribution records where the size of the binder group searched increases with each iterative search. The loop engine determines an imputed value for the desired distribution record based on the searching and imputes the value into the desired distribution record.
US07903787B2	Air-cooled ferrofluid seal in an x-ray tube and method of fabricating same An x-ray tube includes a rotatable shaft having a first end and a second end, a target coupled to the first end of the rotatable shaft, the target positioned to generate x-rays toward a subject upon impingement of electrons thereon, and an impeller coupled to the second end of the rotatable shaft and positioned to blow a gas into an inlet of an aperture passing into the rotatable shaft.
US07903783B2	Method and system for certifying operators of x-ray inspection systems A method and system for using Threat Imaging Projection (TIP) technology, and the operator testing data that it generates, in order to certify x-ray inspection system operators and thereby assure an acceptable and uniform level of operator performance. In a preferred configuration, the operator views x-ray images of objects on a screening system equipped with TIP technology. When the operator believes that a threat item image appears on the screening system, the operator indicates such via an indicating means. The system is capable of recording, storing and transmitting individual operator performance data relating to proper detections, missed detections, and false alarms, i.e., when an operator indicates that a threat item image appears when no such image actually appears on the screening system. The system preferably contains a library of various threat item images, e.g., guns, bombs, knives, etc., which are classified according to type of threat and difficulty of detection.
US07903776B2	Jitter measurement apparatus, jitter calculator, jitter measurement method, program, recording medium, communication system and test apparatus A jitter measurement apparatus that measures timing jitter of a signal under measurement having a prescribed repeating pattern includes a sampling section that coherently samples the signal under measurement within a prescribed measurement duration; a waveform reconfiguring section that rearranges ordinal ranks of data values sampled by the sampling section to generate a reconfigured waveform that is a reproduction of a waveform of the signal under measurement; an analytic signal generating section that converts the reconfigured waveform into a complex analytic signal; and a jitter measuring section that measures jitter of the signal under measurement based on the analytic signal.
US07903773B2	Serial data processing circuit A serial data processing circuit that realizes the same performance as that of the pipeline processing with low power consumption. First to fourth latch units receive, in parallel, data sets supplied to a logic circuit. These latch units sequentially latch the data sets sequentially supplied to the logic circuit and output N data sets in parallel. A Selector sequentially selects the data sets supplied from these latch units and supplies the selected data sets to the logical circuit. For example, when the first latch unit latches data (a), the selector selects the data (a) and supplies it to the logic circuit. When the second latch unit latches data (b), the selector selects the data (b) and supplies it to the logic circuit. The logic circuit processes N serial data sets during each cycle.
US07903772B2	Digital demodulator with improved hardware and power efficiency A demodulator for use in a receiver converts a digital baseband signal into inbound digital symbols with reduced hardware complexity and reduced power consumption. The demodulator includes a lowpass filter operably coupled to filter the digital baseband signal to produce a filtered digital baseband signal, and an equalizer operating at a first sampling rate to equalize the frequency response of the digital baseband signal such that the receiver overall in-band frequency response approximates the frequency response of a square root raised cosine filter to produce an adjusted digital baseband signal. An interpolator receives the adjusted digital baseband signal at the first sampling rate and interpolates the adjusted digital baseband signal to produce an interpolated digital baseband signal at a second sampling rate, from which the inbound digital symbols can be generated.
US07903767B2	Signal reception time period detector A signal reception time period detector is disclosed. The signal reception time period detector includes a signal separation portion configured to decompose into signal components a received signal composed of plural signals which are overlapped at least partially in a period during which the received signal is transmitted, and a reception time period detection portion configured to detect a time period during which the signal components are received based on the signal components.
US07903766B2	Iterative decoding This invention provides an iterative process to maximum a posteriori (MAP) decoding. The iterative process uses an auxiliary function which is defined in terms of a complete data probability distribution. The auxiliary function is derived based on an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm. For a special case of trellis coded modulators, the auxiliary function may be iteratively evaluated by a combination of forward-backward and Viterbi algorithms. The iterative process converges monotonically and thus improves the performance of any decoding algorithm. The MAP decoding minimizes a probability of error. A direct approach to achieve this minimization results in complexity which grows exponentially with T, where T is the size of the input. The iterative process avoids this complexity by converging on the MAP solution through repeated maximization of the auxiliary function.
US07903756B2	System and method for communicating data using waveform with extended preamble A system communicates data and includes an encoder for encoding communications data. A modulator maps the communications data based on a specific mapping algorithm to form a communications signal over which the communications data can be transmitted. The communications signal includes a preamble that has set-up or transmission parameters used for acquiring the signal at a modem and at least one extended preamble for conveying additional set-up or transmission parameters. This extended preamble includes N extended preamble bits having at least one of information, transmission parameter and control bits and M map bits that identify a predetermined mapping for the N extended preamble bits.
US07903754B2	Radio communication method, radio transmitting apparatus, and radio receiving apparatus A duplicating section duplicates a bit sequence to be input, and a 16QAM section modulates a bit sequence of a duplicating source to form a symbol, a 16QAM section modulates the duplicated bit sequence to form a symbol, an S/P section parallel converts the symbol sequence input in series, an S/P section parallel converts the symbol sequence input in series, and an IFFT section 15 provides IFFT processing to the input symbol sequence. Since each of multiple same bits duplicated by the duplicating section is included in a different symbol, each of the multiple same bits is allocated to each of multiple subcarriers each having a different frequency by IFFT processing. As a result, a multicarrier signal including the multiple same bits each having a different frequency is generated.
US07903753B2	Structured space-time code achieving the full diversity and full rate and generating method thereof, and multi-input multi-output system A space-time code used for a transmitter to transmit a plurality of data symbols to a receiver in a MIMO system, the space-time code including a code word matrix for transmitting an amount of data symbols corresponding to a product of the number of transmit antennas and a spatial multiplexing rate during one block period, wherein a row index indicates combined signals transmitted through different transmit antennas and a column index indicates time slots that correspond to the number of transmit antennas, and wherein the number of data symbols allocated to each transmit antenna in a code block corresponds to the spatial multiplexing rate, and the data symbols are combined by different combining coefficients for each transmit antenna at every time slot, and simultaneously transmitted through different transmit antennas, and each transmit antenna transmits a different set of data symbols at every time slot.
US07903741B2	Context-adaptive variable length coder with simultaneous storage of incoming data and generation of syntax elements A variable-length coding apparatus which receives image data block by block, and generates coded data from syntax elements. A storage unit temporarily stores the image data, while, at the same time, a first syntax element calculating unit calculates a first syntax element from the image data. A first coding unit generates coded data of the first syntax element from a value of the first syntax element. A second syntax element is calculated from the image data by a second syntax element calculating unit that reads out the image data stored in the storage unit. A second coding unit generates coded data of the second syntax element on the basis of the values of the first and second syntax elements, and a packing unit connects the coded data of the first and second syntax elements.
US07903739B2	Method and apparatus for VC-1 to MPEG-2 video transcoding A method for transcoding from a VC-1 format to an MPEG-2 format is disclosed. The method generally comprises the steps of (A) decoding an input video stream in the VC-1 format to generate a picture; (B) determining a first mode indicator for the picture; and (C) coding the picture into an output video stream in the MPEG-2 format using one of (i) an MPEG-2 field mode coding and (ii) an MPEG-2 frame mode coding as determined from the first mode indicator.
US07903736B2	Fast mode-searching apparatus and method for fast motion-prediction Provided is a fast mode-searching apparatus and method for motion-prediction. The fast mode-searching apparatus includes a probability information obtaining unit, a first inter mode searching unit, a second inter mode searching unit, and a selective intra mode searching unit. The probability information obtaining unit detects whether at least one of a macroblock of a previous frame, a macroblock of a current frame, and adjacent macroblocks corresponds to at least one of P16×16, P16×8, and P8×16. The first inter mode searching unit performs an inter mode search on a block that is not detected by the probability information obtaining unit. The second inter mode searching unit determines whether the macroblock of the current frame corresponds to P16×16 as a result of performing the inter mode search on a block detected by the probability information obtaining unit. The selective intra mode searching unit performs an intra mode search if the macroblock of the current frame corresponds to P16×16.
US07903734B2	Moving image decoding apparatus, moving image decoding method, image decoding method, and image decoding apparatus A moving image decoding apparatus for decoding encoded moving image data, which is generated by decomposing each frame of moving image data into a plurality of subbands, and bitplane-encoding coefficients of the subbands for each predetermined unit, includes a decoding process time measurement unit (105) for acquiring information used to examine a difference of a time required for the decoding process of encoded moving image data for the predetermined unit, a non-decoding bitplane determination unit (107) for determining bitplanes which are not to be decoded on the basis of the obtained information, a bitplane decoder for reclaiming the coefficients of the subbands from encoded data of bitplanes other than the non-decoding bitplanes, and an inverse discrete wavelet transformer (104) for generating frame data by compositing the reclaimed coefficients of the subbands.
US07903731B2	Methods and transcoders that estimate an output macroblock and motion vector for video transcoding Methods and transcoders are disclosed for video transcoding input macroblocks to an output macroblock. One of the methods estimates an output macroblock mode for the video transcoding. A spatial weight is determined based on size of overlapping areas of each of the input macroblocks with a correlation area that is correlated with the output macroblock. A discrete cosine transform (DCT) weight is determined based on a number of zero DCT coefficients of each of the input macroblocks that overlap the correlation area. The output macroblock mode is estimated based on the spatial weight and the DCT weight.
US07903728B2	Equalize training method using re-encoded bits and known training sequences Equalizer training method using re-encoded bits and known training sequences. A multi-branch equalizer processing module is operable to cancel interference associated with received radio frequency (RF) burst(s) (e.g., using at least a first equalizer processing branch and a second equalizer processing branch). The first equalizer processing branch is operable to be trained based upon known training sequences and to equalize the received RF burst. The second equalizer processing branch uses at least partially re-encoded data bits to train linear equalizer(s) within the second equalizer processing branch. A buffer may initially store the received RF burst(s), which are retrieved and equalized by the second equalizer processing branch once the linear equalizer(s) are trained. The cooperation operation of these and other various components allows interfering signals to be cancelled and for more accurate processing of the received RF bursts to occur.
US07903725B2	Near-end crosstalk noise minimization and power reduction for digital subscriber loops To optimize the performance of DSL modems in the same cable bundle, the size and position of the group of subcarriers used for transmission is intelligently selected when the bit rate necessary for making the transmission is less than the total available bandwidth provided by all subcarriers. By intelligently selecting a minimum number of subcarriers for Digital Multi-tone (DMT) signal transmission, a reduction in line driver power consumption is effectuated. Additionally, by intelligently selecting the position of the groups of subcarriers within the total available subcarriers, near-end crosstalk (NEXT) noise within the cable bundle may be minimized.
US07903721B2	Allocation of control channel for radio resource assignment in wireless communication systems A wireless communication device for receiving a frame corresponding to a transmission time interval, the frame having a control channel including at least two control channel elements and an embedded bit sequence, the location of which indicates a portion of the control channel used for radio resource assignment, wherein the portion of the control channel used for radio resource assignment may be less than the entire control channel of the frame having the embedded bit sequence, and wherein the at least two frames may use different portions of the control channel for radio resource assignment.
US07903719B2	Optimal use of resources for signal processors Systems, methods and devices for signal processing are presented. In particular, methods for the detection of signals in CDMA-based systems are presented, together with corresponding devices. These methods provide more efficient use of correlation resources through proper identification of candidate signal peaks and may include performing at least one pre-detection stage and performing at least one distillation stage.
US07903717B2	Receiver, receiving method, program and information recording medium When a receiver (200) receives a signal transmitted from a transmitter, an A/D converter (204) converts the signal into a digital signal having two or more levels by A/D conversion. A zero-level detector (207) converts the signal into a two-level digital signal of positive and negative levels. The converted signals are subjected to spectrum despreading by correlators (206, 208), respectively. Whichever signal has a higher intensity is selected by absolute value detectors (209, 210), a comparator (211), and a switch (212). A decoder (213) decodes the selected signal. In a receiving state where the zero-level detector (207) is selected, the transmitter transmits the transmission signal after the signal is converted into a two-level signal. In a receiving state where the A/D converter (204) is selected, the transmitter transmits the transmission signal after the signal is converted into a signal having two or more levels.
US07903715B2	Slab type laser apparatus A slab type laser apparatus has a slab type gas laser medium part formed in a region defined by a pair of electrode flat plates oppositely disposed in parallel with each other in a space to be filled with a gas laser medium which is excited by high-frequency electric power. The apparatus includes an oscillator part including a pair of resonator mirrors oppositely disposed with a part of the gas laser medium part in between, and for amplifying a laser beam to have predetermined light intensity to emit the laser beam, and the amplifier part including a plurality of return mirrors oppositely disposed with a part of the gas laser medium part in between. The incident laser beam goes and returns plural times between the return mirrors, and the laser beam is amplified to have predetermined power.
US07903714B2	Guiding a beam from an unstable laser resonator A gas laser includes an unstable laser resonator disposed in a laser housing, and a beam guide configured to guide a laser beam decoupled from the laser resonator out of the laser housing. The laser beam is coupled into the beam guide, and the beam guide is an optical fiber that extends out of the laser housing and guides the beam from the housing.
US07903712B2	Method for reducing capacitance and improving high frequency performance in vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) A VCSEL structure is provided. The VCSEL structure comprises a substrate consisting of a III-V material. The structure may also include one or more conducting layers positioned on said substrate. There may be void spaces positioned between portions of the conducting layers to electrically isolate the portions. A method for fabricating the VCSEL structure is also provided.
US07903709B2	Semiconductor laser device and method of manufacturing the same A semiconductor laser device includes a substrate and a semiconductor layer formed on a surface of the substrate and having a waveguide extending in a first direction parallel to the surface, wherein the waveguide is formed on a region approaching a first side from a center of the semiconductor laser device in a second direction parallel to the surface and intersecting with the first direction, a first region separated from the waveguide on a side opposite to the first side of the waveguide and extending parallel to the first direction and a first recess portion separated from the waveguide on an extension of a facet of the waveguide, intersecting with the first region and extending in the second direction are formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor laser device, and a thickness of the semiconductor layer on the first region is smaller than a thickness of the semiconductor layer on a region other than the first region.
US07903707B2	Nitride semiconductor light-emitting device A nitride semiconductor light-emitting device wherein a substrate or nitride semiconductor layer has a defect concentration region and a low defect density region other than the defect concentration region. A portion including the defect concentration region of the nitride semiconductor layer or substrate has a trench region deeper than the low defect density region. Thus by digging the trench in the defect concentration region, the growth detection is uniformized, and the surface planarity is improved. The uniformity of the characteristic in the wafer surface leads to improvement of the yield.
US07903704B2	Tunable quantum cascade lasers and photoacoustic detection of trace gases, TNT, TATP and precursors acetone and hydrogen peroxide Methods and apparatus for broad tuning of single wavelength quantum cascade lasers and the use of light output from such lasers for highly sensitive detection of trace gases such as nitrogen dioxide, acetylene, and vapors of explosives such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) and triacetone triperoxide (TATP) and TATP's precursors including acetone and hydrogen peroxide. These methods and apparatus are also suitable for high sensitivity, high selectivity detection of other chemical compounds including chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals. A quantum cascade laser (QCL) system that better achieves single mode, continuous, mode-hop free tuning for use in L-PAS (laser photoacoustic spectroscopy) by independently coordinating gain chip current, diffraction grating angle and external cavity length is described. An all mechanical method that achieves similar performance is also described. Additionally, methods for improving the sensor performance by critical selection of wavelengths are presented.
US07903701B2	Intracavity harmonic generation using a recycled intermediate harmonic Lasers configured for intracavity harmonic generation of second and higher order harmonic laser beam energy include mode-matching optics, such as a curved mirror, for recycling an unused portion of an intermediate harmonic laser beam energy (e.g., second harmonic laser beam energy) to improve higher order harmonic laser beam energy generation efficiency (e.g., third or higher order harmonic laser beam energy generation efficiency) without sacrificing beam quality of the higher order harmonic laser beam energy. The curved mirror may be positioned out of a resonant laser cavity of the laser. A radius of curvature and a position of the curved mirror are selected so that a beam radius and a beam divergence of the recycled second harmonic laser beam energy are essentially the same as a beam radius and a beam divergence of incoming second harmonic laser beam energy everywhere along a beam path of the incoming second harmonic laser beam.
US07903700B2	Narrow-spectrum laser device A spectral purity range (E95) of a laser beam output from an amplifying laser device (300) is measured by spectral purity range measuring means. To have the measured spectral purity range (E95) within an allowable range E950±dE95 of a target spectral purity range (E950), discharge timing from a time when discharge is started by an oscillating laser device (100) to a time when discharge is started by the amplifying laser device (300) is controlled, and the spectral purity range (E95) is controlled to be stabilized.
US07903698B1	Controlled optical filament generation and energy propagation Systems and methods herein provide for the controlled formation of plasma filaments. For example, a system that radiates energy through a gas includes a laser that generates a laser pulse, and an optical element with which the laser propagates the laser pulse to control placement of an optical filament within a beam cross-section of the laser pulse. The optical filament may thereby generate a plasma filament, which may propagate energy. In this regard, an energy source may provide energy such that the plasma filament directs propagation of the energy for delivery to an application. The energy may be electrical energy, electromagnetic energy, optical energy, or a combination thereof. Generally, the optical element may impart at least one phase singularity within the laser pulse. Alternatively or additionally, the optical element may include at least one optical inhomogeneity.
US07903697B2	Method and system for tunable pulsed laser source A tunable pulsed laser includes a seed source and an optical circulator. The optical circulator includes at least a first port coupled to the seed source, a second port, and a third port. The laser also includes an amplitude modulator characterized by a first optical side and a second optical side. The first optical side is coupled to the second port of the optical circulator. The laser further includes a first optical amplifier characterized by an input end and a reflective end. The input end is optically coupled to the second side of the amplitude modulator. The laser additionally includes a tap coupler optically coupled to the amplitude modulator and characterized by a pre-determined split ratio. Moreover, the laser includes a first photo-detector optically coupled to the tap coupler and adapted to receive a portion of the seed signal transmitted through the amplitude modulator and to generate an output signal.
US07903694B2	Generation and operation of a double timestamp for transmitting a synchronizing signal in a packet switching network A device is disclosed for transmitting packets in a packet communication network comprising at least two stations, including in particular means for generating a first timestamp from a sampled value of a master counter, means for generating a second timestamp from a sampled value of a second counter synchronized on the at least two stations and means for transmitting jointly the two timestamps in the packet communication network. A device is further disclosed for receiving packets in a packet communication network, which uses the double timestamp generated by the transmitter device.
US07903692B2	Devices, systems and methods for delivering text messages A network switch. The network switch includes a processor configured to execute a set of instructions to access a recorded announcement with attendant text and to transmit the recorded announcement with the attendant text to a telecommunications device.
US07903689B2	Method and system for packet reassembly based on a reassembly header In a control method of communication system in which primary packet output from an information processor in a transmitting end is sent to a network after fragmentation into a plurality of secondary packets in a communication controller at the transmitting end, and a plurality of secondary packets are sent to an information controller at the receiving end after reassembly for recovery of the primary packet by the communication controller at a receiving end, a reassembly header for processing the primary packet is sent to the information processor at the receiving end before the reassembly processing of the secondary packets is finished, and protocol processing in which the information processor analyzes the reassembly header is executed in parallel with reassembly processing of the packets in an information controller.
US07903687B2	Method for scheduling, writing, and reading data inside the partitioned buffer of a switch, router or packet processing device A method for receiving packets in a computer network are disclosed. The method include providing at least one receive port, a buffer, a scheduler, and a wrap port. The buffer has an input coupled with the at least one receive port and an output. The scheduler has a first input coupled to the output of the buffer, a second input coupled to the wrap port, and an output.
US07903677B2	Information platform and configuration method of multiple information processing systems thereof An information platform system, the configuration thereof is able to change flexibly to meet the needs of the customers, and able to use a single adapter for multiple uses, wherein multiple general-purpose processing modules and dedicated processing modules for processing disks and external networks are connected to one another with switching hubs via respective adapters, and the platform system includes a management module having a system identifier management table specifying system type of the general-purpose processing modules, a functional set management table managing a functional set to be included by the general-purpose processing module of each system identifier, and the configuration management table managing the combination of the general-purpose processing modules and dedicated processing modules, and the management module selects a functional set from multiple functional sets, installs the selected functional set into a general-purpose processing module and an adapter, and manages the system configuration comprising of a general-purpose processing module and a dedicated processing module.
US07903669B2	Enforced routing in switched network for FRU verification A method implemented in a computer infrastructure having computer executable code having programming instructions tangibly embodied on a computer readable medium. The programming instructions are operable to configure an initiator-to-initiator message route in a switched fiber channel arbitrated loop (FCAL) network such that the initiator-to-initiator message route traverses a replacement field replaceable unit (FRU). Additionally, the programming instructions are operable to transmit a verification initiator-to-initiator message along the initiator-to-initiator message route to verify proper operation of the replacement FRU.
US07903666B1	Method and system for compressing route entries in a route table based on equal-cost multi-paths (ECMPs) matches A route compression algorithm is applied to route entries of a route table. The route entries are maintained as nodes in a routing tree. The compression algorithm compresses child nodes having a common gateway with their respective parent nodes. The route entries associated with uncompressed nodes are installed into a forwarding table of a routing device that employs longest prefix match (LPM) lookup to forward data packets.
US07903660B1	Protocol to implement token ID mechanism for network data transfer A receiving node sends a token identifier to the data source and receives data from the data source, along with the token identifier. A token identifier identifies a location in memory on the receiving node, but is not the same as an address in the memory. In the described embodiments, a token identifier is an integer value that acts as an index into a token array, which identifies the memory location.
US07903658B1	Forwarding tree having multiple bit and intermediate bit pattern comparisons Principles of the invention are directed to techniques for allowing a router forwarding packets within a computer network to perform two or more forwarding tree decisions per memory access. The router may implement forwarding information in the form of a radix tree having a number of nodes, and received packets may contain keys identifying a packet destination. The router may traverse the tree by testing two or more path control bits within the key per each of the traversed nodes. The values of the path control bits in the key determine the path traversed along the tree. The router also stores intermediate bit patterns at each node and tests intermediate bits in the key to determine whether a particular node is the best match to the routing prefix contained in the key, thereby eliminating a need to backtrack up the tree.
US07903656B2	Method and system for message routing based on privacy policies A method, system, apparatus, or computer program product is presented for routing event messages between data processing systems based on privacy policies associated with the data processing systems and based on event policies associated with event types for the event messages. When a system attempts to publish an event message for a particular type of event or to subscribe to those event messages, an event policy is checked to determine whether the system may publish messages for that type of event or may subscribe to those messages. Moreover, if a publishing system publishes an event message that contains personally identifiable information for a user of a data processing system, and a subscribing system has subscribed to event messages having the same event type, then the privacy policies associated with the systems are compared to determine compatibility or incompatibility between the privacy policies before routing a message between the systems.
US07903654B2	System and method for ECMP load sharing A packet classifier and a method for routing a data packet are provided. The packet classifier includes a content addressable memory, a translation table and a parameter memory. The method includes looking up a content addressable memory for a base address into a parameter memory using a header of the data packet. The base address is related to the routes under ECMP for forwarding the data packet. From among these addresses, using multiple headers of the data packet, an adjustment to the base address is computed. The adjustment specifies an actual address to the parameter memory corresponding to a selected route for forwarding the data packet. The parameter memory is then accessed using the actual address to obtain parameter values relevant to the selected route. The data packet is then forwarded according to the parameter values thus obtained.
US07903652B2	System and method for peer to peer video streaming In an Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) system, an IPTV server is configured to receive a request from an IPTV content storage device (CSD) to view a video stream. The IPTV server selects a set of peers for the IPTV CSD, and transmits the set of peers to the IPTV CSD. In the system, a capacity of a fiber to the node (FTTN) switch in a down linking direction is greater than or equal to a sum of a number of simultaneous viewers supported by the FTTN switch plus a number of viewers that receive video streams from peers in the same community.
US07903649B2	Mobile IPv6 network system and method for forwarding packet in the system A home agent in a mobile Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) network system. The home agent is constructed with a home address table including home addresses of a plurality of mobile nodes and binding cache entry indexes corresponding to the home addresses, a next-hop entry table including a plurality of next hop entries mapped to care-of addresses of the mobile nodes, a binding cache entry table comprising a plurality of binding cache entries mapped to the binding cache entry indexes, and a packet processor. When a source address of a packet received by the home agent is included in the home address table in a state where forwarding direction information included in the packet received by the home agent differs from set forwarding direction information, the packet processor encapsulates and forwards the packet received by the home agent using a binding cache entry that is mapped to a binding cache entry index corresponding to the source address included in the home address table.
US07903642B2	Multi-processor architecture for a device Aspects of the invention provide apparatuses and methods for composing a device with different types of multi-processor subsystems based on expected latency times and processing bandwidths. An apparatus may include multi-processor subsystems with different performance characteristics that interact with each other through bridge modules and a central packet network. Different types of multi-processor subsystems include a multi-point bus network, a circuit-switched network, a packet-switch network, and a shared block device. The apparatus includes a plurality of components, where each component has at least one multi-processor subsystem. The apparatus may be partitioned into different detachable parts, which can operate in an independent manner. The detachable parts may be joined so that the detachable parts can interact. A service in one multi-processor subsystem may interact with another service in another multi-processor subsystem by sending messages between the services.
US07903639B2	System and method for selectively interfacing different types of network communications A system for interfacing different types of network communications. In one embodiment, the system includes one or more gateways capable of converting messages from messages that are adapted for a first type of network and/or destination device to messages that are adapted for a second type of network and/or destination device. The second type of network and/or destination device includes a first Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) communications device. A message-analysis module is adapted to employ an address associated with the message to selectively forward the message to one or more of the one or more gateways and/or to a destination device. In a more specific embodiment, the first type of network includes a packet-switched network in communication with the first VOIP phone. The destination device includes a mobile phone in communication with a cellular network. In the specific embodiment, the first type of destination device includes a user option to selectively transition a text-based communications session to a voice-based communications session.
US07903630B2	Data transmission system, data transmission method, and base station used therein A base station used in a packet transmission system in which shared user data to be selectively received by a user are transmitted using a shared data channel from one or more base stations to one or more mobile stations is provided. The base station includes means configured to provide user control data associated with transmission of the shared user data; means configured to provide notification data that include notification information used to select the shared user data and group identification information for specifying the notification information; and means configured to generate an associated control channel that is associated with the shared data channel and includes the user control data and the notification data, the associated control channel and the shared data channel being transmitted from the base station to the mobile station. The generated associated control channel is transmitted from the base station to the mobile stations.
US07903629B2	Hierarchically modulated OFDM communication from a satellite-based transmitter with reduced secondary data loss from clipping High priority data and low priority digital data are transmitted as primary and secondary data in hierarchically modulated, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) from an earth-orbiting satellite. To enable the transmitter amplifier to be operated with less back-off from saturation without clipping, the low priority OFDM symbols have fewer samples than the high priority OFDM symbols, and the high priority samples on which the low priority samples are superimposed are selected according to a first deterministic rule using sample power comparisons of the high priority samples to concentrate the low priority samples on those high priority samples having lower (optimally, the lowest) sample power. The low priority samples are distributed on the selected high priority samples according to a second deterministic rule relating the original low priority sample order to the original high priority sample order.
US07903616B2	System and method for fast dynamic link adaptation The present invention discloses a method and system for enabling efficient reduction of TFCs in the TFCS to achieve desired transmission, while remaining within desired power and data requirements. Upon the UE transmission power requirement exceeding the maximum or allowable transmission power the MAC shall be informed for subsequent TFC selection of all TFCs that currently exceed this limit. The UE will then chose the TFC with the next lower transmission power requirement and the sequence will continue until an acceptable TFC is determined. The present invention also enables the replacement of the TFCs in the TFCS and advanced determination of non-supported TFCS. The TFCs that require transmission power greater then the maximum or allowed UE transmission power shall be determined continuously in every TTI, not just in TTIs where the maximum power has been exceeded.
US07903615B2	Space division multiple access channelization in wireless communication systems Space division multiple access channelization is provided that includes scheduling transmission for two or more terminals and utilizing different code offsets that correspond to different sub-trees. The transmissions can be scheduled on overlapping frequency resources for overlapping time periods on different spatial resources. The pilot code offsets provide different pilot signatures so that the pilot transmissions do not overlap. The overlapping frequency resources can partially overlap or completely overlap.
US07903614B2	Method and apparatus for selecting link adaptation parameters for CDMA-based wireless communication systems A method and apparatus enhance the selection of transport block set size (TBSS), number of spreading codes, and modulation type, referred to collectively as transport format resource combination (TFRC), in a medium access control (MAC) layer for transmission of data in a code division multiple access (CDMA) wireless communication system, preferably a Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS) high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) communication system. The maximum number of spreading codes available for transmission and the set of possible TFRCs are preferably determined based on a channel characteristics provided in part by a channel quality indicator (CQI). For each TBSS value in the set of possible TFRCs, a TFRC is selected with the largest number of spreading codes within the maximum number of spreading codes for which the corresponding coding rate is preferably at least ⅓. The corresponding code rate for each selected TFRCs is compared to a threshold to select a corresponding type of modulation. One of the selected TFRCs is selected to be provided to the PHY layer that best matches the CQI and preferably has a maximum TBSS.
US07903613B2	Code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system A subscriber unit for use in a multiple access spread-spectrum communication system includes a spread spectrum radio interface, responsive to a rate function signal from a base station, and first and second despreaders. The base station assigns the rate function spread-spectrum message channels and the first despreader recovers and modifies an information signal one of the spread spectrum message channels. The information channel mode is then modified for processing by the second despreader, with the second despreader supporting a different information signal rate. The subscriber unit has a capability of communicating with a dynamically changing a transmission rate of an information signal which includes multiple spread spectrum message channels. The system includes a closed loop power control system for maintaining a minimum system transmit power level for a radio carrier station and the subscriber units, and system capacity management for maintaining a maximum number of active subscriber units for improved system performance.
US07903612B2	Received signal level compensation apparatus and method for mobile station An apparatus and method for compensating a received signal level transmitted from a mobile terminal to a network through a measurement report message are provided. A received signal level compensation method for a mobile station includes measuring a received signal level of a multiframe; detecting an error of the received signal level; compensating, if an error of the received signal level is detected, the received signal level; and transmitting the compensated received signal level to the network.
US07903610B2	Reverse link handoff mechanism with hybrid ARQ and cell site selection A method for providing a reverse link handoff mechanism includes, with respect to communication between a mobile station and a first cell, initiating a start of a cell switch delay by transmitting a request that a new data channel be established with a second cell. The method further includes communicating with the first cell during the cell switch delay and upon an end of the cell switch delay, switching data transmission to the second cell. The cell switch delay is a time interval extending from a time that the request is transmitted until startig of reception of data packets via the new data channel by the second cell. The application of the cell switch delay is determined based on a location of the first cell and the second cell.
US07903607B2	Wireless communication apparatus There is disclosed a wireless communication apparatus in which a first wireless communication using one first channel of two first channels each having a first bandwidth, and a second wireless communication using a second channel having a second bandwidth wider than the first bandwidth and having a band overlapping those of the two first channels are performed. A selection unit selects a Basic Service Set (BSS) operational mode on the basis of a load amount of the other first channel of the two first channels. A generation unit generates a management frame indicating the BSS operational mode selected by the BSS mode selection unit. A transmission unit transmits the management frame.
US07903603B2	Method of communicating signals in a mobile communication system A method of signalling in a mobile communication system, and more particularly, to a method of processing control information associates with handover in a mobile communication system is disclosed. In a radio (UE) user equipment receiving a service from a radio network including a plurality of base stations (E-NODE B), a control node (E-RNC) performing a control operation above the base stations and a processing node (SG5N) processing a user traffic above the base stations, the present invention includes the steps of transmitting a request message making a request for a specific service provided by a first base station to a second base station, the request message including control information indicating data to be received by the radio user equipment and receiving the data corresponding to the control information from the second base station.
US07903599B1	Call-detection algorithm for mitigating interference by low-cost internet-base-station (LCIB) pilot beacons with macro-network communications Methods and systems are provided for mitigating interference by low-cost Internet-base-station (LCIB) pilot beacons with macro-network communications. In an embodiment, an LCIB transmits a pilot beacon having a power level that is adjustable on a per-carrier basis. The LCIB determines that it does not have any registered mobile stations, and responsively turns the power level down or off while monitoring reverse-noise rise (RNR) on one or more carriers. The LCIB then detects a threshold RNR on a carrier, and responsively carries out a sub-process a first number of times on the carrier. The sub-process comprises (a) gradually increasing the power level while continuing to monitor RNR, (b) detecting a sudden RNR decrease, and responsively turning the power level down or off while continuing to monitor RNR, and then (c) detecting an RNR increase. The LCIB waits for the RNR to return to normal before increasing the power.
US07903595B2	Apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving a reverse channel in a mobile communication system for packet data An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving a symbol through a reverse control channel in a mobile communication system for providing packet data are provided. When reverse traffic is present, the apparatus and method can effectively demodulate and decode the reverse traffic. In a method for transmitting a reverse channel in the mobile communication system capable of discontinuously transmitting packet data, a transmission is performed by setting power of a Data Rate Indicator (DRI) channel to a predefined power when packet data is transmitted. When no packet data is transmitted, a transmission is performed by decreasing the power of the DRI channel.
US07903593B2	Multicast transmission in packet based cellular networks A method of transmitting data packets to a cellular mobile unit, comprising: establishing a data transfer path for providing data from a data network gateway to a base station controller, for a first mobile station identity; and transmitting data received along the established path to at least one mobile station having at least one second identity different from the first identity.
US07903592B2	Systems and methods of efficient band amplification Systems and methods for multi-band amplification. In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the multi-band amplification device has an uplink amplifier with a first port and a second port and a downlink amplifier with a first port and a second port. Furthermore, the multi-band amplification device has a first duplexer device in communication with the first port of the downlink amplifier and the second port of the uplink amplifier and a second duplexer device in communication with the first port of the uplink amplifier and the second port of the downlink amplifier. The first duplexer device is enabled to receive and transmit at least a downlink signal and an uplink signal of a first frequency band, a downlink signal and an uplink signal of a second frequency band, and a downlink signal and an uplink signal of a third frequency band. The second duplexer device is enabled to receive and transmit at least the downlink signal and the uplink signal of the first frequency band, the downlink signal and the uplink signal of the second frequency band, and the downlink signal and the uplink signal of the third frequency band.
US07903588B2	System and method for dynamically establishing optimum audio quality in an audio conference A system and method for dynamically establishing optimum audio quality in an audio conference is disclosed. A connection with one or more remote communication devices is initially established. An available data rate associated with the connection is then determined. Next, a bandwidth is assigned based on the available data rate. Finally, the assigned bandwidth is adjusted according to the available data rate.
US07903587B2	Wireless emergency services protocols translator between ansi-41 and VoIP emergency services protocols A protocol converter or translator between ANSI-41 ORREQs and VoIP V2 messaging. The protocol converter may alternatively (or also) provide conversion between GSM MAP and VoIP V2 messaging. Interaction of VSPs with a Mobile Positioning Center (MPC) or a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) is permitted, as is interaction of wireless carriers with a VoIP Positioning Center (VPC). In this way existing GMLCs or MPCs may be used to service VoIP 9-1-1 calls. Moreover, operators of VoIP Positioning Centers (VPCs) who implement wireless offerings can re-use their existing VPCs to service wireless 9-1-1 calls.
US07903586B2	Ring rapid multiple spanning tree protocol system and method In an embodiment, a method is disclosed for operating a network having a group of bridges connected together to form a ring, each bridge having two ports assigned to the ring to form a group of ring ports. The claimed embodiment includes forwarding information through the ring according to one or more spanning tree instances, each instance designating one of the group of ring ports as a respective alternate port that is in a state of discarding. Responsive to learning of a failure by a bridge within the ring, a determination is made, for each spanning tree instance, whether the bridge contains a respective alternate port and if the bridge contains a respective alternate port, changing the state of the respective alternate port to forwarding.
US07903580B1	System and method for generating an alert signal indicating that an additional sector-carrier should be installed in a wireless coverage area, or that a sector-carrier in the wireless coverage area should be optimized The present invention provides methods and systems to determine whether to upgrade the infrastructure of a wireless communication network. The invention is directed to generating an alert signal indicating that an additional sector-carrier should be installed in a wireless coverage area, or that a sector-carrier in the wireless coverage area should be optimized.
US07903571B1	System and method for improving multi-node processing In one embodiment there is shown a method for improving multi-node processing, the method operable in a system having multi-node resources distributed across a network at various network nodes. The method of the embodiment comprises measuring application workload response time at each node in the system; communicating the measured application workload response time from each node where measurements are taken to a central point in the system; and from the central point, adjusting the resources available at each node so as to optimize the overall response time and throughput of work processed by the system.
US07903565B2	Method of monitoring a tandem connection in a MPLS telecommunication network It is disclosed a method of monitoring, a Multi-Protocol Label Switching network, a tandem connection of a Label Switched Path. The tandem connection to be monitored has an input node and an output node. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a first Operation Administration Management packet at the input node; and generating a second OAM packet at the input node. According to the invention, the following steps are further performed: a tandem connection header is inserted into the first OAM packet; both the first OAM packet with the tandem connection header and the second OAM packet are sent towards the output node; and the second OAM packet is identified according to the presence or absence of said tandem connection header.
US07903564B2	Method and apparatus for increasing survivability in IP networks A method and apparatus for increasing the capability of a network topology model having a plurality of nodes connected by existing links to maintain service continuity in the presence of faults. The steps of the method include adding new links to the network topology model to protect against single node failures, and adjusting link weights for the network topology model to reduce at least one of a cost of network operation and an imbalance in link utilizations. Preferably, the link weights are adjusted to reduce the imbalance in link utilizations without deteriorating the cost of network operation. The link weights are preferably adjusted to reduce the cost of network operation without increasing the imbalance in link utilizations. Preferably, the link weights are adjusted to reduce the cost of network operation without increasing the imbalance in link utilizations while keeping the utilization for each link below a specific threshold. In addition, links can be added to the network topology model to reduce the cost of network operation.
US07903562B2	Method and system for congestion control Aspects of the disclosure provide a method for congestion control by implementing congestion aware applications. The congestion aware applications can adjust an occupancy of network resource according to a network congestion status. The method for congestion control can include transmitting data from an application to a transport protocol at a first data rate, transmitting the data over a channel, receiving a feedback signal from the transport protocol that is indicative of a congestion status of the channel, communicating the congestion status of the channel from the transport protocol to the application, and transmitting data from the application to the transport protocol at a second data rate based on the congestion status.
US07903560B2	Correlation technique for determining relative times of arrival/departure of core input/output packets within a multiple link-based computing system A method is described that comprises receiving a timing exposure packet having timestamp information. The timestamp information identifies a cycle of a clock signal at which the packet was made available for transfer from a core to a physical layer within a component of a link-based computing system. The packet having been transmitted from the physical layer and also having phase information. The phase information identifies a cycle of the clock signal at which the packet was transferred from the core to the physical layer.
US07903554B1	Leaking component link traffic engineering information Traffic engineering using a label-switching protocol is enhanced for label-switched paths that traverse a logical link that is an aggregation of component links. In one embodiment, a label edge router is provided with information regarding the bandwidth capabilities and loading of the component links of a LAG. The label edge router is then allowed to set up paths that traverse a specific component link of a LAG, and reserve bandwidth on such a component link. Other traffic may continue to be distributed across the LAG membership.
US07903552B2	Directional and priority based flow control mechanism between nodes A node uses a two dimensional array of transmit queues to store frames to be transmitted from the node to another node. The size of the array is governed by the number of directions to which the other node may forward frames once received from the node, and the number of priorities that may be associated with the frames. The transmit queues are distinguished from each other based on direction and priority. A transmitter transmits frames dequeued from the transmit queues to the other node. Control logic that controls the transmit queues receives an indication from the other node whether the other node is experiencing traffic congestion in any of the directions and the priority of frames at or below which the control logic is to control the dequeuing of frames from transmit queues corresponding to the directions in which the other node is experiencing traffic congestion.
US07903550B2	Bandwidth reservation for data flows in interconnection networks A method and apparatus for bandwidth reservation for data flows in interconnection networks. Some embodiments of an apparatus for transmitting a data stream include a transmitter to transmit a data stream to a recipient apparatus, the data stream including a plurality of data packets. The apparatus further includes a receiver to receive a response from the recipient apparatus regarding data packet arrival status, and a network unit to direct the operation of the transmitter, the network unit to direct the transmitter to maintain the data stream with a constant bandwidth.
US07903543B2	Method, apparatus and program storage device for providing mutual failover and load-balancing between interfaces in a network A method, apparatus and program storage device for providing mutual failover and load-balancing between interfaces in a network is disclosed. An active virtual interface and a passive virtual interface are provided for each of a first and a second computer interface. The active virtual interface of the first computer interface is communicatively coupled with the passive virtual interface of the second interface. The active virtual interface of the second computer interface is communicatively coupled with the passive virtual interface of the first computer interface. Data flow is directed over each of the first computer interface-active virtual interface and second computer interface active virtual interface when the first and second computer interface is available, else data flow is directed to the active virtual interface and passive virtual interface of an available first or second interface.
US07903542B2	Path changeover method and device Path changeover method and device are provide in which a communication interruption time caused by occurrence of a transmission failure is shortened. On a frame receiving side, address information of a frame received from a first physical port is stored in a table in association with the first physical port. When detecting that a frame stored with the same address information as the address information stored in the table is received at a second physical port, the frame received at the second physical port is captured and following frames received at the first physical port are discarded.
US07903536B2	Irreversible optical recording medium by formation of bubbles having a height limited by the gas source generating them An irreversible optical recording medium comprises at least an active layer presenting a rear face and a front face designed to receive at least an optical writing radiation. The optical writing radiation enables gas bubbles forming write marks to be formed locally in said active layer by means of a layer forming a gas source arranged on the rear face of the active layer. The layer forming the gas source moreover has a thickness less than or equal to 100 nm so as to limit the height of the bubbles formed in the active layer and therefore to improve tracking when read operations are performed. The layer forming the gas source is preferably made of carbon-doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide.
US07903530B2	Optical system for spatially controlling light polarization and method for manufacturing the same An optical system for spatially controlling light polarization, and method for manufacturing the same, includes a light source for generating a light beam of a designated wavelength, a beam shaper for splitting the light beam generated from the light source into a plurality of partial beams, and a polarization controller controlling the polarization states of the partial beams. The polarization controller may be formed on the beam shaper or separate from the beam shaper.
US07903528B2	Optical pick-up apparatus An optical pickup apparatus for conducting recording and/or reproducing information for a first optical information recording medium including at least a transparent protective substrate, a first information recording surface, and a second information recording surface which are laminated in this order from a light source side along an optical axis, comprising: a first light source to emit a light flux having a wavelength of λ1 (380 nm≦λ1≦450 nm); an objective lens to converge the light flux onto the first optical information recording medium; a spherical aberration correcting structure to correct a spherical aberration caused in a converged spot on the first and second information recording surfaces due to a difference in thickness between the thickness to the first information recording surface and the thickness to the second information recording surface.
US07903526B2	Recording/reproducing apparatus, method of reproducing data, and servo controlling method An apparatus for recording/reproducing data using holography technology and a method of reproducing data using the same are disclosed. The recording/reproducing apparatus includes an optical path adjuster which adjusts the path of light emitted from a light source and irradiates the light to a predetermined position of a recording medium, a light reflecting unit which reflects the light transmitting through the recording medium to the predetermined position of the recording medium, an image sensor which receives the reflected light and reproduces data included in the reflected light, and a light receiving unit receiving light, which is not transmitted through the recording medium and is diffracted from the recording medium, and generating a monitoring signal. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a simple optical system suitable for the recording/reproducing apparatus using the holography technology and an efficient method of reproducing data using the same.
US07903522B2	Mastering device, disc manufacturing method, disc-shaped recording medium, disc reproduction device, and disc reproduction method Second digital information serving as copyright protection information can be stably and reliably read without any effect of a defect or pit missing on a disk-shaped recording medium. Second digital information is recorded onto a disk-shaped recording medium by wobbling a pit sequence recorded as a first signal. The second digital information is recorded so that a plurality of bits constituting the second digital information are allocated in a unit period of an identical sync signal contained in the first signal. During playback, the plurality of bits constituting the recorded second digital information are read a plurality of times every unit period of the sync signal, and information of the read bits is then integrated. Thus, information from a large number of wobbled pits across unit periods of a plurality of sync signals can be integrated to determine the bit values.
US07903520B2	Optical disc recording apparatus An optical disc recorder that records information on an optical disc by means of a laser diode that forms pits in the optical disc through the application of a write pulse of a previously set type, the recorder having a reference power setter that sets a reference power that is the reference value of a drive power of the write pulse, a pulse type checker that checks whether the type of write pulse set consists of a plurality of pulses, which allows the drive power to be set for each pulse of a plurality of pulses, a power corrector for correcting the drive power of at least one pulse of the write pulse by adding a previously set correction power to the reference power, and a drive controller that applies the write pulse, which consists of the pulse with the reference power and the at least one pulse with the drive power corrected.
US07903513B2	Method and apparatus for closing a recording range on a recording medium A method of closing a recording range includes identifying a recording medium type from recording medium information of the recording medium and changing and an unrecorded area in the recording range to a recorded area if the recording medium type indicates that the recorded area has a higher reflectivity than that of the unrecorded area.
US07903508B2	System and method for determining groove/land switching points of an optical disc utilizing a motor rotating signal and original switching points A system for determining groove/land (G/L) switching points of an optical disc is disclosed. The system includes a motor rotating signal generating apparatus, an detection apparatus, and a G/L switching point generating apparatus. The motor rotating signal generating apparatus is for sensing the rotation of a motor to generate a motor rotating signal with a period corresponding to the rotation of the optical disc. Also, the detection apparatus is used for receiving the motor rotating signal and an original G/L switching point signal and utilizing the motor rotating signal and the original G/L switching point signal to determine a location of an reproduced G/L switching point of the optical disc. The G/L switching point generating apparatus is for generating an reproduced G/L switching point signal according to the location of the reproduced G/L switching point determined by the detection apparatus.
US07903503B2	Dual illumination watch face, and associated methods Systems and methods for a dual illumination watch face having a tritium gas tube coupled with a dial, minute hand or hour hand of the watch face, and phosphorescent material disposed with at least one of the dial, minute hand and hour hand.
US07903502B2	Automatic read of current time when exiting low-power state utility A method and apparatus is described for computing a duration of a reduced power consumption state. A time of exiting from the reduced power consumption state is read prior to an execution of an interrupt routine. The read time of exiting is then stored in a register and a calculation of a reduced power consumption state duration may be performed.
US07903498B2	Y-decoder and decoding method thereof A Y-decoder includes a selection unit and a Y-MUX. The selection unit is coupled to the memory array for selecting the column lines. The Y-MUX is coupled to the selection unit for supplying a voltage to the selected column line. The Y-MUX includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch coupled in parallel. The first switch and the second switch are respectively for receiving a first shielding voltage and a second shielding voltage. The third switch and the fourth switch are respectively for receiving a first sensing voltage and a second sensing voltage.
US07903497B2	Multi-port SRAM implemented with single-port 6-transistor memory cells coupled to an input multiplexer and an output demultiplexer In one embodiment, a multi-port SRAM is provided that comprises: a single input port and output port 6-T SRAM; and a multi-port control block circuit that includes: a plurality of input registers corresponding to a plurality of input ports to register corresponding input signals; an input multiplexer to select from the input registers to provide a selected input signal to the 6-T SRAM's single input port; a plurality of output registers corresponding to a plurality of output ports to register corresponding output signals; and an output de-multiplexer to select from the output registers to provide an output signal from the 6-T SRAM's single output port to the selected output register.
US07903496B2	Semiconductor memory device A semiconductor device reduces unnecessary operating current while an internal row/column address is generated. The semiconductor memory device includes an address input unit for transferring an address signal input from an external device; an internal column address generating unit for receiving the transferred address signal to generate an internal column address; an internal row address generating unit for receiving the transferred address signal to generate an internal row address; and an internal address control unit for controlling the internal row address generating unit in response to an activated states of banks in the semiconductor memory device.
US07903494B2	Wireless sensor interface with mobile terminal satellite modem and global location system A system and method for implementing a low-power local-area wireless network for use with a mobile terminal satellite modem. This low-power local-area wireless network enables sensors on an asset to wirelessly transmit sensor data to a mobile terminal affixed on the asset. The mobile terminal reports the sensor data along with asset position information to a centralized facility via a communications satellite.
US07903491B2	Refresh signal generating circuit A refresh signal generating circuit of a semiconductor memory device includes a flag signal generator which generates a flag signal in response to a refresh signal and a precharge signal, a clock enable signal buffer which generates first and second buffer enable signals based on an external clock enable signal in response to the flag signal, and a chip select signal buffer which generates an internal chip select signal based on an external chip select signal in response to the flag signal.
US07903490B2	Semiconductor memory device The present invention provides a semiconductor memory device in which the number of write amplifiers is decreased by increasing the number of bit line pairs connected to one pair of common write data lines. Further, by decreasing the number of bit line pairs connected to one pair of common read data lines, parasitic capacitance connected to the pair of common read data lines is reduced and, accordingly, time in which the potential difference between the pair of common read data lines increases is shortened. Thus, while preventing enlargement of the chip layout area, read time can be shortened.
US07903489B2	Semiconductor device having a sense amplifier A semiconductor device in the present invention comprises pair transistors composed of a first transistor and a second transistor. The pair transistors are arrayed in a repeating pattern in the row direction. The first transistor and the second transistor are mutually related to each other so that the drain of one transistor is connected to the gate of the other transistor. The gate of the first transistor and the gate of the second transistor are offset in the row direction. The first transistor and the second transistor are in a diagonal positional relationship.
US07903488B2	Bias sensing in DRAM sense amplifiers through voltage-coupling/decoupling device Voltage coupling/decoupling devices are provided within DRAM devices for improving the bias sensing of sense amplifiers and thus the refresh performance. The voltage coupling/decoupling devices couple or decouple bias voltage from corresponding digit lines coupled to the sense amplifiers. By coupling and decoupling voltage from the digit lines, the time interval between refresh operations can be increased.
US07903486B2	System, method, and computer program product for increasing a lifetime of a plurality of blocks of memory A system, method, and computer program product are provided for increasing a lifetime of a plurality of blocks of memory. In operation, at least one factor that affects a lifetime of a plurality of blocks of memory is identified. Additionally, the plurality of blocks to write is selected, based on the at least one factor.
US07903485B2	Integrated circuits and methods to compensate for defective non-volatile embedded memory in one or more layers of vertically stacked non-volatile embedded memory Embodiments of the invention relate generally to data storage and computer memory, and more particularly, to systems, integrated circuits and methods to compensate for defective memory in third dimension memory technology. In a specific embodiment, an integrated circuit is configured to compensate for defective memory cells. For example, the integrated circuit can include a memory having memory cells that are disposed in multiple layers of memory. It can also include a memory reclamation circuit configured to substitute a subset of the memory cells for one or more defective memory cells. At least one memory cell in the subset of the memory cells resides in a different plane in the memory than at least one of the one or more defective memory cells.
US07903481B2	Page buffer circuit, nonvolatile device including the same, and method of operating the nonvolatile memory device A page buffer circuit comprises a sense unit, a latch unit, and a bit line voltage control unit. The sense unit is configured to couple a bit line and a sense node in response to a sense control signal in response to the sense control signal. The latch unit includes a plurality of latch circuits configured to latch data programmed or to be programmed. The bit line voltage control unit is configured to classify program states of memory cells, coupled to the selected bit line, into first to nth groups by performing first to nth verification operations after a first program operation of a program operation and is configured to control a voltage level of the sense control signal in order to transfer a bit line voltage to the selected bit line.
US07903480B2	Integrated circuit, and method for transferring data An integrated circuit and a method for transferring data is provided. One embodiment provides a method for transferring data in an integrated circuit. The method includes driving a first line in accordance with data to be transferred. The data is transmitted from the first line to a second line based on a capacitive coupling.
US07903478B1	High impedance reference voltage distribution A sense amplifier may be used to measure voltages and/or currents that represent logic levels stored in memory cells of memory devices. Accuracy and stability of such measurements may be improved by selective switching to isolate sense amplifiers from other portions of a circuit.
US07903477B2	Pre-charge voltage generation and power saving modes A system includes a voltage generator to produce a pre-charge voltage signal for pre-charging one or more signals in a memory circuit. The one or more signals can be data bus lines used to access memory. The voltage generator can include an input indicating whether the memory circuit is set to a power-saving mode. The input can be used to determine whether to adjust a magnitude of the pre-charge voltage signal produced by the voltage generator. Adjusting the pre-charge voltage can result in power savings. That is, when in the power-saving mode, the voltage generator circuit can adjust the pre-charge voltage to a value that reduces an amount of leakage current associated with a pre-charge voltage. Reducing the leakage with respect to the pre-charge voltage means that the saved power can be used for other useful purposes.
US07903476B2	Systems and techniques for non-volatile memory buffering An apparatus, system, method, and article for non-volatile memory buffering are described. The apparatus may include a data storage manager to store a data item in a rewritable non-volatile memory buffer. The data item may have a file size less than or equal to a threshold value. The rewritable non-volatile memory buffer may include one or more rewritable memory regions configured to store the data item. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07903475B2	Latch pulse delay control A novel memory circuit includes a pulse line, a memory latch including an enable port, and a pulse delay element interposed between the pulse line and the enable port of the memory latch. In a particular embodiment, the pulse delay element includes a series of logic gates. In a more particular embodiment, the series of logic gates include a feedback line for disconnecting the enable port from the pulse line. In another particular embodiment, the enable ports of two different memory latches are connected to the same pulse line via two different latch pulse delay elements, each having different delay times. In a more particular embodiment, the data output port of the first latch is connected to the data input port of the second latch.
US07903473B2	Semiconductor device and control method of the same A semiconductor device includes: a first sector (12) having data that are all to be erased and having flash memory cells; a second sector (14) having data that are all to be retained and having flash memory cells; a sector select circuit (16) selecting a pair of sectors from among sectors during erasing the data in the first sector, said pair of sectors being the first sector and the second sector; and an SRAM array (storage) (30) retaining the data of the second sector. The present invention can provide a semiconductor device in which a reduced number of sector select circuits is used so that the area of memory cell array can be reduced and provide a method of controlling the semiconductor device.
US07903472B2	Operating method of non-volatile memory An operating method of a non-volatile memory adapted for a non-volatile memory disposed on an SOI substrate including a first conductive type silicon body layer is provided. The non-volatile memory includes a gate, a charge storage structure, a second conductive type drain region, and a second conductive type source region. In operating such a non-volatile memory, voltages are applied to the gate, the second conductive type drain region, the second conductive type source region and the first conductive type silicon body layer beneath the gate, to inject electrons or holes in to the charge storage structure or evacuate the electrons from the charge storage structure by a method selected from a group consisting of channel hot carrier injection, source side injection, band-to-band tunnelling hot carrier injection and Fowler-Nordheim (F-N) tunnelling.
US07903469B2	Nonvolatile semiconductor memory, its read method and a memory card A nonvolatile semiconductor memory includes a memory cell array having a plurality of NAND cell units which are arranged with a plurality of memory cells connected in series and a first selection transistor and a second selection transistor which are each connected to both ends of the plurality of memory cells respectively, a plurality of word lines and a plurality of bit lines which are connected to the plurality of memory cells and a data read control part wherein at least one of the memory cells is selected and when data is read from that memory cell a read pass voltage is applied to a word line which is connected to a non-selected memory cell other than the selected memory cell, and after applying the read pass voltage a voltage is applied to a control gate of the first selection transistor or the second selection transistor, and when applying the read pass voltage, the read pass voltage which is applied to the word line which is connected to at least one of the non-selected memory cells which is adjacent to the first selection transistor or the second selection transistor, is made lower than the read pass voltage which is applied to the word line which is connected to another cell of the non-selected memory cells.
US07903468B2	Adaptive dynamic reading of flash memories Each of a plurality of flash memory cells is programmed to a respective one of L≧2 threshold voltage states within a threshold voltage window. Values of parameters of threshold voltage functions are adjusted in accordance with comparisons of the threshold voltages of some or all of the cells to two or more of m≧2 threshold voltage intervals within the threshold voltage window. Reference voltages for reading the cells are selected based on the values. Alternatively, the m threshold voltage intervals span the threshold voltage window, and respective threshold voltage states are assigned to the cells based on numbers of cells whose threshold voltages are in the intervals, without re-reading the cells.
US07903467B2	Programming method of multi-bit flash memory device for reducing programming error A method of programming a plurality of memory cells of a flash memory device by selectively changing a threshold voltage distribution thereof from a first distribution to a second distribution, the method includes selecting at least one of the memory cells to be programmed, and programming the at least one selected memory cell to a voltage higher than a verify voltage, wherein the verify voltage is one of threshold voltages included in the first distribution or is higher than the threshold voltages included in the first distribution.
US07903466B2	Memory device and method of operating the same A memory device has memory cells that are Multi-Level Cells (MLCs). A memory cell array includes a plurality of cell strings, each string provided between a bit line and a common source line, wherein a positive voltage is applied to the common source line at the time of program verification. A page buffer is configured to program the MLCs, read memory cells, and perform program verification. This program verification is performed by sequentially increasing a voltage level of a bit line select signal until the bit line select signal reaches to a voltage that is sufficient to verify a programmed state of a selected cell in the memory cell array.
US07903463B2	Increased NAND flash memory read throughput A method of reading sequential pages of flash memory from alternating memory blocks comprises loading data from a first page into a first primary data cache and a second page into a second primary data cache simultaneously, the first and second pages loaded from different blocks of flash memory. Data from the first primary data cache is stored in a first secondary data cache, and data from the second primary data cache is stored in a second secondary data cache. Data is sequentially provided from the first and second secondary data caches by a multiplexer coupled to the first and second data caches.
US07903461B2	Sensing for memory read and program verify operations in a non-volatile memory device Methods for sensing in a memory device, a memory device, and a memory system are disclosed. In one such sensing method, a single read operation with multiple sense amplifier circuit comparisons to a reference threshold level are performed to determine a state of a selected memory cell. A ramped voltage turns on the selected memory cell when the ramped voltage reaches the threshold voltage to which the selected memory cell is programmed. In one embodiment, the turned on memory cell discharges its respective bit line.
US07903460B2	Non-volatile semiconductor memory device The present invention provides a non-volatile memory capable of realizing erase/write operations in sufficiently small division units while suppressing an increase in chip area to the minimum, and shortening an erase time. Two of a physical erase state and a logical erase state are provided as threshold voltage distribution states of each memory cell. In the logical erase state, a threshold voltage criterion of the memory cell is shifted to a state higher than the physical erase state. When data rewriting of the memory cell placed in the physical erase state is performed, a logical erase is performed and the threshold voltage criterion is shifted to a high voltage level. The logical erase simply shifts the voltage level of the threshold voltage criterion. Since an electrical charge accumulated in the memory cell is not moved, erasing can be done at high speed and in a short period of time.
US07903458B1	Method and apparatus for reduction of bit-line disturb and soft-erase in a trapped-charge memory A method and device for trading off inhibit disturb against bit-line disturb in a non-volatile memory where a threshold shift per inhibit disturb is increased, a threshold shift per bit-line disturb is decreased and the total threshold shift over the expected lifetime of the non-volatile memory due to inhibit disturbs is approximately equalized with the total threshold shift over the expected lifetime of the non-volatile memory due to bit-line disturbs.
US07903455B2	Magnetic memory device A magnetic memory device including a plurality of word lines, a plurality of bit lines which intersect the word lines and are put into groups, a plurality of memory cells which are arranged at intersections between the bit lines and the word lines, each memory cell including a magnetic element and a transistor which are connected in series, a first decoder which sequentially selects the word lines, a second decoder which sequentially drives the bit lines of each group, a weighting adder which performs weighting addition of currents flowing on bit lines in a selected group to generate an added current signal, a current/voltage converter which converts the added current signal into a voltage signal, and an analog-to-digital converter which digitizes the voltage signal.
US07903453B2	Magnetic memory A magnetic memory is less susceptible to external magnetic fields and, thus, to writing errors and other adverse effects caused by external magnetic fields. In the magnetic memory, a magnetoresistive element is arranged adjacent to a part of a conductor line. A shield structure is also arranged to shield the magnetoresistive element against external magnetic fields generated by factors other then the part of the line.
US07903452B2	Magnetoresistive memory cell A magnetoresistive memory cell has a magnetic stack providing an effective anisotropy field of a storage layer of the magnetic stack during thermal select heating, at least one line providing at least one external magnetic field to the magnetic stack, the effective anisotropy field and the at least one external magnetic field having a non-zero angle relative to one another.
US07903450B2	Asymmetrical memory cells and memories using the cells Asymmetrical SRAM cells are improved by providing one or more of improved read stability and improved write performance and margin. A first inverter and a second inverter are cross-coupled and configured for selective coupling to true and complementary bit lines under control of read and write word lines. The first inverter is formed by a first, n-type, FET (NFET) and a second, p-type, FET (PFET). Process and/or technology approaches can be employed to adjust the relative strength of the FETS to obtain, for example, read margin, write margin, and/or write performance improvements.
US07903447B2	Method, apparatus and computer program product for read before programming process on programmable resistive memory cell A method, system and computer program product for programming a plurality of programmable resistive memory cells is disclosed. The method comprises executing the following for each memory cell: reading a resistance of a memory cell and reading input data corresponding to the memory cell. The method further comprises executing the following for each memory cell: programming the memory cell to a lower resistance (SET) state if the resistance is at a higher resistance state and the input data corresponds to a first (SET) state and programming the memory cell to a higher resistance (RESET) state if the resistance is at a lower resistance state and the input data corresponds to a second (RESET) state.
US07903445B2	Photonic memory device, data storing method using the photonic memory device and photonic sensor device Provided are a photonic memory device, a method of storing data using the photonic memory device, and a photonic sensor device. The photonic memory device comprises a signal line through which a photon is input; a ring resonator receiving a photon through an input gap that is adjacent to the signal line and storing the photon; and a detect line outputting the photon stored in the ring resonator through an output gap that is adjacent to the ring resonator, wherein data is read/written and stored/deleted by the input/output of the photon.
US07903444B2	One-time programmable memory and operating method thereof A one-time programmable memory cell is provided, the one-time programmable memory cell comprises: a gate dielectric layer disposed on a well; a gate electrode disposed on the gate dielectric layer; source/drain regions disposed in the well at the sides of the gate electrode, respectively; a first salicide layer disposed on one of the source/drain regions; a capacitive dielectric layer disposed on the gate electrode and the other of the source/drain regions; a first conductive plug disposed on the first salicide layer; and a second conductive plug disposed on the capacitive dielectric layer. The size of the first conductive plug is different form the size of the second conductive plug.
US07903441B2	Power converter The present invention discloses a power converter with low standby power consumption, used to convert an AC input power to an output DC power, comprising: an EMI filter, coupled to the AC input power to filter the EMI; a TRIAC, coupled to the EMI filter to access the AC input power; and a TRIAC driver, used for driving the gate of the TRIAC switch according to an on-off control signal from a loading device, to control the conduction of the TRIAC switch.
US07903438B2	DC-AC converter with fast response speed An exemplary direct current to alternating current converter includes a pulse width modulator having a plurality of pulse signal outputs that can provide a plurality of pulse signals, a driving circuit having a plurality of switching units, and a transformation circuit having a plurality of transformers. Each of the switching units includes a P-type transistor and an N-type transistor. Each pulse signal output is electrically connected to the P-type and N-type transistors of one of the switching units. Each of the transformers is connected to two of the switching units, and the P-type transistors and the N-type transistors of the two switching units are not switched on simultaneously.
US07903437B2	Frequency-changing voltage regulation circuit The present invention discloses a frequency-changing voltage regulation circuit, which applies to a power supply device that has a booster unit and a power conversion unit. The booster unit modulates an input power and converts the input power into a boosted power. The boost control circuit is coupled to the frequency-changing voltage regulation circuit of the present invention. The frequency-changing voltage regulation circuit comprises: a voltage detection circuit and a frequency setting circuit. The voltage detection circuit detects the input power sent to the booster unit and generates an input level signal according to the value of the input power. The frequency setting circuit generates a reference frequency signal corresponding to the input level signal and uses the reference frequency signal to modulate the frequency that the booster unit performs power conversion.
US07903430B2	Recessed light ballast mount A lamp ballast is provided for attachment to a fluorescent lamp fixture. The ballast is adapted to a direct low profile mounting on a junction box of the lamp fixture by a varying degree of recessed positioning. The ballast has a built-in niche for the recessed mounting and comprises a ballast circuit on a board; a package for enclosing the circuit board save electric wires from and to the ballast circuit at multiple sides including a top surface, bottom surface and sidewalls extending between the top and bottom surfaces; and a flange extending from the sidewalls of the package at a predetermined level between the top and bottom surfaces. Thus, the flange acts as a mounting bracket of the ballast for a varied degree of recessed mounting of the ballast on the lamp fixture.
US07903429B2	Housing for receiving printed circuit boards whose components form at least parts of a communication system A housing for receiving printed circuit boards whose components form at least parts of a communication system, comprising a housing cover and a connection area which is accessible from the outside. A main printed circuit board is arranged between the base housing part and a cover part. Plug-in devices for at least one extension printed circuit board are provided in an extension area of the main printed circuit board. A first hood is provided in order to cover the extension area. The hood has push-through openings arranged towards the connection area, corresponding to plug-in devices on at least one extension printed circuit board in an assembled state. The first hood can engage with the cover part by means of a lock connection whereby said lock connection can only be released using a tool.
US07903426B2	Multilayer electronic component, electronic device, and method for producing multilayer electronic component A multilayer electronic component including a resin layer disposed on a mounting board side is mounted on a mounting board, and has a structure such that, even when deformation, such as deflection and strain, occurs, a stress on the multilayer electronic component is relieved. In the multilayer electronic component, ends of columnar conductors protrude from a main surface of a resin layer facing the outside. The multilayer electronic component is mounted on a mounting board, and the ends of the columnar conductors are electrically connected to conductive lands. In this case, a predetermined gap is formed between the multilayer electronic component and the mounting board.
US07903422B2	Mobile terminal device and method for radiating heat therefrom In a mobile terminal device, at least one heat conduction layer formed of a member, such as copper, aluminum or carbon, being excellent in heat conductivity is provided inside a circuit board on which electronic components are mounted. The heat generated in the electronic components is promptly dispersed in the direction of the face of the circuit board by the heat conduction layer, and transferred from the whole face of the circuit board to the operation member, such as keys, and the housing, and then radiated to the outside. With this structure, the local temperature rise at the operation member and the housing can be suppressed, and the temperature on the surface of the mobile terminal device can be made uniform, without significantly increasing the cost and the thickness of the mobile terminal device. In addition, high-performance electronic components can be used by adopting this structure. Furthermore, the rigidity of the circuit board can be raised, and the reliability of the mobile terminal device can be improved.
US07903421B2	Locking device and electronic device using the same An electronic device comprises a printed circuit board, a heat sink and a plurality of locking devices securing the heat sink to the printed circuit board. Each locking device comprises a shaft, a knob and an elastic member. The shaft has a plurality of outer teeth protruding outwardly from an outer surface of a top end thereof. The outer teeth are arranged along an axial direction of the shaft. The knob has an inner tooth meshing with the outer teeth of the shaft. The elastic member is compressed between a bottom of the knob and the heat sink. A length of the elastic changes when the inner tooth of the knob meshes with different outer teeth along the axial direction of the shaft to adjust a pressure of the locking device on the heat sink.
US07903420B2	Fixing structure of fixing a thermal module A fixing structure for fixing a thermal module on a chip of a printed circuit board is provided. The printed circuit board has a plurality of studs and a positioning post. The fixing structure includes a fixing board. The fixing board has a plurality of elastic strips, a plurality of screw holes and a spacing hole. The screw holes are on the elastic strips respectively, and the spacing hole is located close to one of the screw holes. The fixing board is positioned in the studs and the positioning post via the screw holes and the spacing hole, so that the fixing board can be fixed on the thermal module and chip.
US07903407B2	Cooling systems and electronic apparatus Temperature variation among electronic apparatuses installed in the data center is reduced, enhancement in reliability of the electronic apparatuses, and increase in service life are achieved, and efficient cooling of an electronic apparatus group is realized. Further, an electronic apparatus with low noise is provided. A front cover is provided on a front surface of an electronic apparatus, and a back cover is provided on a rear surface of it. A supplied air opening is formed at a lower side of the front cover, and an exhaust air opening is formed at an upper side of the back cover. The supplied air opening is connected to a blowing in opening from below the floor level, and the exhaust air opening is connected to a ceiling air duct. The ceiling air duct is provided with a heat exchanger, and indirect heat exchange is performed with external air.
US07903404B2	Data centers According to one embodiment, a data center comprises a first data center section comprising one or more equipment element elements. Each computer element has one or more heat generating sources. A second data center section comprises a heat exchanger, the second data center section being substantially segregated from the first section. A heat transfer element is thermally coupled to at least some of the heat generating sources and is further thermally coupled to the heat exchanger.
US07903401B2	Hard disk drive holding apparatus A hard disk drive holding apparatus comprising a support, positioning pins, securing pins and swivel arms. The support comprises a supporting surface and side panels. The side panels have holes located thereon and are erected on the supporting surface. The positioning pins are located on the supporting surface to be inserted into the positioning holes on the bottom of the hard disk drive. The securing pins pass through the holes on the side panels and engage into the securing holes on the sides of the hard disk drive. The swivel arms are attached to the securing pins and pivotally connected on the support.
US07903399B2	Flat panel display device A flat panel display device includes a bezel and a flat display panel accommodated in the bezel. The bezel includes a substrate part, bent parts, each of which is formed on one of edges of the substrate part and extends substantially perpendicular to the substrate part, and a protrusion formed at an end of one of the bent parts. In another embodiment, a flat panel display device further includes a cover bezel covering the bezel and the flat display panel. The cover bezel has an open window through which light from the flat panel display transmits, and the cover bezel includes an insertion part that is coupled with the protrusion.
US07903396B2	Cover structure, electronic equipment and cover structure mounting method With a cover structure of the present invention, a cover body includes a cover portion that is large enough to cover a terminal portion and a shaft portion whose one end is connected to the cover portion and whose cross section is oval, a casing includes a bearing portion in which the shaft portion is fitted loosely, and the bearing portion has a inner diameter larger than a shaft diameter of a major diameter portion of the shaft portion and includes an opening portion that is larger than a shaft diameter of a minor diameter portion of the shaft portion and smaller than the shaft diameter of the major diameter portion. With this configuration, the cover body can be smoothly shifted from an opened state to a closed state and a portion to be covered can be covered properly. Furthermore, the assembling workability of the cover structure can be improved.
US07903391B2	Aluminum electrode plate for electrolytic capacitor This invention provides an aluminum electrode plate for an electrolytic capacitor, which, even when the thickness of an etching layer is large, can realize a high level of impregnation of a solid electrolyte and can reduce ESR of a capacitor. An aluminum plate having an aluminum purity of not less than 99.98% by mass is etched to form an etching layer having a depth of 70 μm or above. When a plane cross section of a position deeper than 20 μm from the surface in the etching layer is measured with an image analyzer, for each measured face, not less than 70% of the total number of pits within the measured face is accounted for by pits having a diameter of 0.01 to 1 μm φ; in terms of equivalent circle diameter. The aluminum plate has an aluminum purity of not less than 99.98% by mass and comprises 5 to 50 ppm of Fe and 5 to 40 ppm of Cu with the balance consisting of inevitable impurities. The aluminum plate further contains 1×107 to 1010/cm3 iron-containing intermetallic compound having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 1.0 μm φ in terms of spheres.
US07903384B2	Ground detection circuit for video signal driver to prevent large clamp transistor current A large current flowing out from video signal line driver is prevented whenever the video signal line is being grounded. The system includes a video signal line driver circuit transmitting video signal at pre-determined DC level, a large current prevention circuit detecting video signal line being shorted to ground and cut-off excessive current source out from video signal line driver circuit into video signal line, a start-up time enhancement circuit improving start-up time of ground detection circuit so that system start-up time is not limited by large current prevention circuit, and a switching threshold control circuit setting the switching threshold of large current prevention circuit and start-up time enhancement circuit.
US07903382B2	MEMS micro-switch array based on current limiting enabled circuit interrupting apparatus The present invention comprises a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) micro-switch array based current limiting enabled circuit interrupting apparatus. The apparatus comprising an over-current protective component, wherein the over-current protective component comprises a switching circuit, wherein the switching circuit comprises a plurality of micro-electromechanical system switching devices. The apparatus also comprises a circuit breaker or switching component, wherein the circuit breaker or switching component is in operable communication with the over-current protective component.
US07903374B2	Magnetic recording and reading device A magnetic recording and reading device includes a perpendicular magnetic recording medium, a perpendicular magnetic head having a recording head width having a heat-generating portion and a reading head, a fine adjustment portion, and a R/W-IC. The perpendicular magnetic head is configured to perform magnetic recording on the recording medium while locally heating the recording medium so as to enable a change of the coercive force of the recording medium during the recording after correcting of the position of the perpendicular magnetic head by the fine adjustment portion is completed, and to perform reading of the magnetic recording information with the aid of the reading head after correcting of the position of the perpendicular magnetic head by the fine adjustment portion is completed.
US07903369B1	Method of fabricating disk drives using a common disk drive base with an attached weight plate, and a disk drive including the same A method of fabricating disk drives. The method includes providing disk drives based upon a first disk drive configuration. The first disk drive configuration includes an operable disk drive including a disk drive base with an exterior bottom side, and a first weight plate attached to the exterior bottom side of the disk drive base. The method further includes providing disk drives based upon a second disk drive configuration. The second disk drive configuration includes the operable disk drive, and a second weight plate attached to the exterior bottom side of the disk drive base. The second weight plate has a mass different than a mass of the first weight plate. In another embodiment, the second disk drive configuration includes the disk drive base being exposed without any weight plated attached. Another aspect of the invention includes a disk drive with a weight plate.
US07903364B2	Method of protecting hard disk drive from shocks and hard disk drive therefor Provided are a method of protecting a head and a disk in a HDD from shocks and an apparatus therefor by detecting the movement of the HDD using the amount of jitter in servo signals and unloading the head when the movement is great enough to damage the head and the disk. The method of protecting the HDD from shocks includes: reading the servo signals from the rotating disk using the head that follows tracks on the disk, detecting an amount of jitter in the servo signals, comparing the detected amount of jitter with a predetermined threshold amount of jitter corresponding to a movement great enough to damage the head and the disk, and unloading the head if the detected amount of jitter is greater than the predetermined threshold amount of jitter.
US07903363B2	Same Wrap backhitchless write method to encode data on a tape storage medium A method to write information to a tape storage medium by disposing a tape storage medium in a tape drive apparatus comprising a write head. The method moves the tape storage medium in a first direction, writes data from a buffer to the tape storage medium, and thereby empties the buffer while the tape storage medium is moving in the first direction. The method determines, while the tape storage medium is moving in the first direction, whether to enable a backhitchless write wherein the tape storage medium is not stopped and moved in a second and opposition direction, prior to writing new data to the tape storage medium. By not stopping the movement of the tape storage medium, and by not moving the tape storage medium in a reverse direction to reposition the write head, the method eliminates the time overhead required to stop the tape and reposition the tape head. Applicants' method achieves this time efficiency without adverse impact to the nominal storage capacity of the tape information medium.
US07903362B2	Recording apparatus, server apparatus, recording method, program, and storage medium A data recording apparatus recording data of a CD on an HDD in a manner such that the content of record in the CD is faithfully accounted for and shortening an operation time for a synchronized ripping operation. When the data recording apparatus reads, from the CD, track data managed by track, according to TOC, and records the track data onto the HDD, the data recording apparatus recognizes data unrecorded on the HDD, from among the track data recorded on the CD. This recognition process is automatically performed based on the TOC read from the CD, and album information replayed using the TOC and held by the HDD. The recording apparatus reproduces and outputs only the unrecorded data from the CD based on the recognition result concerning the unrecorded data. In this way, the data already recorded on the HDD is not transferred from the CD to the HDD. The operation time for the synchronized ripping operation is reduced accordingly.
US07903361B2	Method of detecting scratch defect in circumferential direction and magnetic disk certifier In the present invention, an inspection area for sampled defect data is set which has a predetermined width in the radial direction of a magnetic disk and a length round the circle of the magnetic disk in the circumferential direction thereof or a predetermined length in the circumferential direction thereof, and while limiting the defect data in the inspection area and shifting a narrow and long search frame within the area, continuing defects in the region of the search frame are followed up and detected, thereby, only curved line shaped continuing defects having comparatively large curvature near to the circle of the magnetic disk are selectively detected and acquired as circle shaped defects.
US07903360B2	Recovering servo information from a synchronous servo channel Provided are a method, servo channel, and tape drive for recovering servo information from a synchronous servo channel. An interpolator reads samples of a servo signal obtained from a servo reader at a rate of one servo sample per clock interval, to produce up to M interpolated servo samples per clock interval. A first buffer buffers interpolation time instants at which the interpolator generates interpolated servo samples. The interpolated servo samples are buffered in a second buffer and the interpolated servo samples are outputted from the second buffer to a correlator to produce correlation signal samples.
US07903358B2	Data storage device A data storage device includes: a recording medium that has two or more system data recording areas where system data are recorded on a multiple basis, and a user data recording area where user data is recorded; a head that writes and reads data into and from the recording medium; and a system data update control section that causes the head to update the system data on the recording medium. The system data update control section causes the head to record new system data on a multiple basis in another sub-record area that is alternately selected at each update to the new system data over the two or more system data recording areas when each the two or more system data recording areas is divided into two sub-record areas, and read the new system data from the another sub-record area to confirm that the new system data is recorded correctly.
US07903357B2	Assembling mechanism An assembling mechanism adapted to assemble a lens module to an optical engine base of a projector includes a fixed base, a fixed bayonet, a movable bayonet, a fixed member, and a movable member. The fixed base is fixed to the optical engine base and includes a restricting cavity. The fixed bayonet is fixed to the fixed base and extends to an open end of the restricting cavity. The movable bayonet is fixed to the lens module. The fixed member is fixed to the optical engine base. The movable member is slidably connected to the lens module. Displacement and rotation of the movable bayonet about the axis relative to the fixed base are restricted when the movable bayonet is moved into the restricting cavity through the open end and rotated about an axis relatively to the fixed base, and the movable member is slid into engagement with the fixed member.
US07903353B2	Laterally adjustable optical mount with bent lever manipulator units The present invention relates to an optical mount, in particular a lens mount, which is divided by a plurality of cuts in the mount material into a stationary outer mounting ring, a laterally adjustable inner mounting ring and three bent lever manipulator units which are offset by 120° relative to one another and which comprise a bent lever having a first element, one end of which is connected by way of a bent lever flexure hinge to one end of a second element, the other end of the first element being connected to the inner mounting ring, the other end of the second element being connected to the outer mounting ring, and with the first and second elements enclosing a bent angle smaller than 180°. By manipulating the three bent lever manipulator units, any center position of the inner mounting ring can be adjusted relative to the center of the outer mounting ring within an intended displacement range.
US07903349B2	Imaging lens and imaging apparatus using imaging lens An imaging lens includes, in order from an object side, a first lens group having a positive power, an aperture diaphragm, and a second lens group having a positive or negative power. The first lens group includes, in order from the object side, a first lens which is a biconcave lens, a second lens that has a positive power and includes a convex image-side surface, and a third lens that has a positive power and includes a convex object-side surface. The second lens group includes, in order from the object side, a fourth lens that has a negative power and includes a concave image-side surface, and a fifth lens which is a biconvex lens. Each of the first to fifth lenses is a single spherical glass lens.
US07903348B2	Rear-focus optical system, imaging apparatus and method for focusing the same Providing a compact rear-focus optical system having excellent optical performance, an imaging apparatus, and a method for focusing the rear-focus optical system. The system includes, in order from an object, a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power, an aperture stop S, and a second lens group G2. At least a portion of the second lens group G2 is movable along an optical axis of the rear-focus optical system upon focusing. Given conditional expressions are satisfied.
US07903346B2	Lens apparatus and image pickup apparatus The lens apparatus includes a first barrel member, a second barrel member, a first rolling bearing and a second rolling bearing. The second barrel member includes a cam for moving a lens unit in an optical axis direction, is disposed inside or outside the first barrel member and rotatable around an optical axis with respect to the first barrel member. The first rolling bearing prevents relative displacements of the first and second barrel members in the optical axis direction and in a radial direction. The first rolling bearing is rotatable between the first and second barrel members. The second rolling bearing prevents the relative displacement of the first and second barrel members in the radial direction. The second rolling bearing is rotatable between the first and second barrel members. The first and second rolling bearing are arranged at positions away from each other in the optical axis direction.
US07903345B2	Zoom lens and image pickup apparatus having the same A zoom lens includes, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens unit having a positive refractive power, a second lens unit having a negative refractive power and configured to move during zooming, a third lens unit having a positive refractive power and configured to move during zooming, and a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power and configured not to move for zooming. In the zoom lens, the second lens unit includes at least one positive lens and at least one negative lens. Furthermore, in the zoom lens, average values of Abbe number (ν) and relative partial dispersion (θ) of materials of the at least one negative lens (νna, θna) and average values of Abbe number (ν) and relative partial dispersion (θ) of materials of the at least one positive lens (νpa, θpa) satisfy an appropriate condition.
US07903343B2	Zoom eyepiece lens system A zoom eyepiece lens system EL includes, in order from an eyepoint EP side: a first lens group G1 having positive refractive power; a second lens group G2 having positive refractive power; and a third lens group G3 having negative refractive power. Upon zooming from a low magnification end state to a high magnification end state, the second lens group G2 and the third lens group G3 move along an optical axis in opposite directions with each other. The second lens group G2 includes, in order from the eyepoint EP side, a first lens L3 having negative refractive power, a second lens L4 having positive refractive power, and a third lens L5 having positive refractive power. At least one aspherical surface is formed on the third lens L5.
US07903342B2	Lens array unit and image reading device A lens array unit includes a first lens array plate, a second lens array plate, and a holder. The holder includes a first surface part provided with a plurality of first through holes respectively corresponding to a plurality of first outer lenses, a second surface part provided with a plurality of second through holes respectively corresponding to a plurality of second outer lenses, and a support part operative to support the first surface part and the second surface part so as to be located at a predetermined distance from each other. The first surface part, the second surface part, and the support part are integrally formed by a light shielding material, and the first lens array plate and the second lens array plate are held by the holder by being inserted into the gap between the first surface part and the third surface part and the gap between the second surface part and the third surface part, respectively.
US07903340B2	Anti-glare film, method for manufacturing the same, and display device using the same An anti-glare film has a plurality of diffuser elements, and has specified optical properties. The ratio of I(α+1)/I(α) is more than 0.1 to 0.6, where I(α) is an intensity of a light reflected toward an arbitrary angle α of 10° or less from a specular reflection direction of an incident light upon the surface at an angle of 5° to 30° from the surface normal, and I(α+1) is an intensity of a reflected light deviated from the arbitrary angle α by 1° in a wide-angle direction. The gain of a light reflected in the direction at 20° or more from the specular reflection direction of the incident light is 0.02 or less, in which the gain is obtained by normalizing a reflected light intensity using a specular reflection intensity of a standard diffuse plate as 1. The diffuser elements have an average space therebetween of 50 to 300 micrometers.
US07903337B1	High contrast grating light valve A grating light valve is provided with a plurality of spaced reflective ribbons, spatially arranged over a semiconductor substrate, the ribbons and substrate being provided with reflective surfaces. The grating light valve is configured to optimize the conditions for constructive and destructive interference with an incident light source having a given wavelength. In a preferred embodiment, one set of ribbons is moveable with respect to the substrate and the second set of ribbons. The substrate is typically provided with a protective layer, which may be thermally grown silicon dioxide or other dielectric. A conductive trace is provided on the dielectric layer and grounded through the dielectric layer to the substrate, comprising a conductive trace for easy release of charge otherwise trapped on or at the dielectric layer.
US07903336B2	Optical metrological scale and laser-based manufacturing method therefor A reflective metrological scale has a metal tape substrate and a scale pattern of elongated side-by-side marks surrounded by reflective surface areas of the substrate. Each mark has a furrowed cross section and may have a depth in the range of 0.5 to 2 microns. The central region of each mark may be rippled and darkened to provide an enhanced optical reflection ratio with respect to surrounding surface areas. A manufacturing method includes the repeated steps of (1) creating a scale mark by irradiating the substrate surface at a mark location with overlapped pulses from a laser, each pulse having an energy density of less than about 1 joule per cm2, and (2) changing the relative position of the laser and the substrate by a displacement amount defining a next mark location on the substrate at which a next mark of the scale is to be created.
US07903333B2	Polarization-modulating optical element and method for manufacturing thereof The disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a polarization-modulating optical element, wherein the element causes, for light passing through the element and due to stress-induced birefringence, a distribution of retardation between orthogonal states of polarization, the method comprising joining a first component and a second component, wherein a non-plane surface of the first component being provided with a defined height profile is joined with a plane surface of the second component, whereby a mechanical stress causing the stress-induced birefringence is produced in the such formed polarization-modulating optical element.
US07903330B2	Microscope having a sensor operating in non-contact fashion A microscope having a mechanically adjustable zoom system (7) and/or a mechanically adjustable focus system is described, which microscope is equipped at least one manually movable adjusting element (2) for adjusting the zoom system (7) and/or the focus system. The adjusting element (2) has associated with it a sensor (1) for ascertaining and/or indicating the position of the adjusting element (2).
US07903329B2	Laser scan confocal microscope Fluorescence is generated from an irradiated point on an inspection surface of a sample and the fluorescence is collected by an objective lens. Here, because of the magnification chromatic aberration of the objective lens, the fluorescence going out from the objective lens travels along a path shifted from the irradiation light and changed substantially into a non-scan light by a galvano-scanner. The fluorescence passes through a dichroic mirror into a deflection system after light of unnecessary wavelength is removed by a filter. The deflection system is driven in synchronization with the galvano-scanner by a computer and corrects the shift and inclination of the optical axis generated by the magnification chromatic aberration of the objective lens. Then, the fluorescence forms an image of the irradiation point of the inspection surface of the sample on a pin hole of a pin hole plate by using a collective lens.
US07903325B2	Wavelength converter and image display device Since the absorption of a fundamental wave by a fiber increases if it is tried to obtain a wavelength conversion light of watt-class high output, the fiber length needs to be shortened. However, since oscillation efficiency conversely decreases if the fiber length is shortened, it is difficult to obtain a high-output fundamental wave. Thus, by reflecting an excitation light incident on the fiber in the fiber, the excitation light is efficiently absorbed to amplify the fundamental wave with a high gain. Further, by shortening the fiber length, the absorption of the fundamental wave is also reduced to improve a fundamental wave output. Consequently, a wavelength converter capable of ensuring a stable high output up to watt-class is achieved.
US07903318B2	MEMS micromirror devices with anti-reflective structures Diffractive patterns are disposed on a MEMS substrate in the gaps between the MEMS micromirrors to reduce backreflection of light leaking through the gaps and reflected by the MEMS substrate. The diffractive patterns are silicon surface-relief diffraction gratings or silicon oxide gratings on silicon substrate. Sub-wavelength gratings are used to suppress higher orders of diffraction; 50% duty cycle surface relief gratings on a substrate having index of refraction close to 3 are used to suppress both reflected and transmitted zero orders of diffraction simultaneously. The gratings have lines running parallel or at a slight angle to the gaps, to prevent the diffracted light from re-entering the gaps.
US07903307B2	Image processing method and image processing apparatus An image processing method and image processing apparatus which can execute vector conversion processing by appropriately dividing a clipart image including gradation into regions are provided. To this end, a color document image including a clipart image having an area of gradation is input, the clipart image is selected, and outline information of the clipart image is extracted. The color document image is separated into an achromatic color area and a chromatic color area, which are respectively divided into a plurality of regions. Of the plurality of regions of each of the achromatic color area and the chromatic color area divided in the dividing of region step, regions which meet a set condition are integrated. After that, the clipart image is converted into vector data using a region group after integrating of region and the outline information.
US07903306B2	Sensor image encoding and/or decoding system, medium, and method Sensor image encoding and/or decoding systems, media, and methods. The sensor image encoding system may include a first color component interpolation unit transforming a sensor image into a first format image by interpolating a first color component of at least two color components in the sensor image including the at least two color components, in which one pixel has one color component, and an encoding unit generating a bitstream by encoding the first format image. The sensor image decoding system may include a decoding unit receiving a bitstream obtained by encoding a sensor image including the at least two color components, where one pixel has one color component, and restoring a first format image by using at least two color components obtained by decoding the bitstream, and a first color component interpolation unit interpolating at least one color component in the first format image provided from the decoding unit.
US07903303B2	Device for adjusting color video signals A device for adjusting color video signals, and in particular the color video signals produced by a film analyzer comprises a matrix for processing the color video signals to regulate the components of three basic colors into color video signals passing through the matrix. A controller controls the matrix with respect to hues which correspond to the color video signals, respectively.
US07903297B2	Document reading apparatus and related data transfer method A document reading apparatus includes a conveying unit configured to continuously convey a document having a series of sheets along a conveyance path, a reading unit configured to obtain image data by reading a sheet at a predetermined reading position, a storage unit configured to store the image data obtained by the reading unit, and a transfer unit configured to transfer the stored image data to a transfer destination. The transfer satisfies a relationship X+Y≧Z>X, wherein X represents a reading time required for the reading unit to read said sheet, Y represents an interval time between an end of reading said sheet and a beginning of reading a next sheet of the series, and Z represents a transfer time required for the transfer unit to transfer the image data stored in the storage unit to the transfer destination. A related method is also disclosed.
US07903294B2	Light-path device of curved-surface optical element Embodiments of the invention disclose a light-path device of an optical scanner that includes a curved-surface optical element and a light-path module. The arrangement between the curved-surface optical element and the light-path module may be designed such that the length of a light-path route through the light-path device may be adjusted to accommodate various sized objects to be scanned and physics characteristics of the photoelectric conversion device included in the scanner to convert the image into an electrical signal.
US07903289B2	Printing data generating method and generator determining color loss in color printer A management label has a color loss determination area that enables easy determination of color loss. An identification color printing area 11 where an inventory control color for managing products and a color loss determination area 15 for determining color loss are printed on the label side 10a of an inventory management label 10. The color loss determination area 15 contains a color loss determination section 18 including the letters “NG” printed with a black coloring agent, and a background portion 19 that is printed using cyan, magenta, and yellow coloring agents. When there is no color loss and the letters “NG” and background portion 19 are printed normally, the letters “NG” and background portion 19 are both gray and the “NG” letters cannot be read. If one of the colors is lost, the printed colors change, the letters “NG” become discernable, and color loss can be easily determined.
US07903287B2	Image forming apparatus, image forming method An image forming apparatus has a calibration mode in which a calibration image is formed on a print medium to correct image forming conditions. The image forming apparatus detects print medium information to determine, on the basis of the print medium information, whether the print medium is a sheet recommended as a print medium for use in the calibration mode. The image forming apparatus sets calibration conditions corresponding to the determined recommended sheet. The image forming apparatus corrects the image forming conditions on the basis of the set calibration conditions.
US07903285B2	Estimating an amount of color in a document What is provided are a novel system, method, and computer program product for estimating the amount of color in a document to be printed, with the capability to handle composite black. A color billing strategy can be dynamically determined based on the amount of color in the document. In one embodiment, a contone CMYK image is examined and the level of color is estimated based on information extracted from the four planes simultaneously. More specifically, it examines the pixel values from all the four planes to calculate the number of white, black, color, and gray or neutral pixel counts. Input CMYK values can be pre-adjusted via a look-up table to take into account neutral balance characteristics. The difference among the adjusted color values is compared against a threshold that is input level dependent. Color is further subdivided into fuzzy colors to handle highlights and neutral areas.
US07903281B2	Methods, apparatus and software for printing location pattern and printed materials A print control system adapted to control a digital printer having a first machine-readable ink of a first colour and a second ink that is not machine readable at the same wavelength as said first ink and that is of substantially the same colour, said system being adapted to control said printer to print upon a document in said first ink a position—determining pattern readable by a digital pen to enable said pen to acquire data to enable a position of said pen in said pattern to be determined, and to print human discernable content that is not read by said pen superposed with said pattern using said second ink and not said first ink.
US07903280B2	Ink jet printing apparatus and printing method By suppressing deviation of dot-formation positions stemming from insufficient accuracy in conveying a printing medium due to eccentricity of a conveying roller, a printed image in which unevenness is less visible is obtained. An accumulated amount of conveyance errors is reduced by narrowing a nozzle-use range and by reducing a conveyance amount over an entire printing region according to the number of colors to be used and desired printing quality in printing an image. Moreover, the nozzles used when the nozzle-use range is narrowed are not fixed, and are switched to be used as appropriate. This prevents only certain nozzles from being used concentratedly, and allows all of the nozzles to maintain substantially the same ejection performance.
US07903278B2	Capability negotiation between printer and target device A system for determining layout of print data printed by a printer onto a recording medium, in which the recording medium is processed by a target device different from the printer. Printing capabilities of the printer and processing capabilities of the target device are both determined. Then, layout of the print data is determined based on compatible capabilities between the printing capabilities of the printer and the processing capabilities of the target device. The layout preferably is determined through communication with the printer and the target device so as to negotiate the layout.
US07903277B2	Efficient printing of frames pages Disclosed is a method (1900) of forming a printable representation of a document (1800) having framed content (1808). The method includes recording (1904) the position, height and width of each frame of the document in a display window in which the document is presented. The dimensions of a printing medium associated with the printable representation are also identified. A height of content of each frame is determined and, for each frame, a record of any corresponding dependency frames, each dependency frame being above the frame in the display window. The records are then interpreted to establish a display order of the frames. For each frame (1908), and in the display order, a number of subsidiary steps are then performed, those being (a) checking a start position of the frame against an end position of a created display region of a frame upon which the frame is dependent, and setting the start position to be the end position (1910,1912), (b) creating a display region upon a page in the printable representation at the start position according to the corresponding content height, (c) placing the content of the frame into the display region (1914); and (d) where the display region exceeds a page limit in the printable representation (1916), terminating the display region at the page limit and creating a further display region upon a following page of the printable representation.
US07903275B2	Printer for communicating commands with host device and method of controlling said printer Provided is a printer which receives inquiry information relating to the print setting sent from a host device, sends to the host device reply information based on its characteristic information in response to the received inquiry information, receives print setting information sent from the host device based on the reply information, requests print object data to the host device in accordance with the received print setting information, receiving the print object data sent from the host device in accordance to the request, and prints the received print object data. Thereby, the present invention enables a host device to make a printer print document data in the host device without requiring conventional printer drivers.
US07903272B2	Data processing apparatus, print setting adjusting method, recording medium storing computer-readable program therein, and program There is provided a control program which allows a computer to execute a setting processing method having: an obtainment step of respectively obtaining conflict rules showing rules for avoiding conflict of setting values which are used in a plurality of print processes that are used in a first expanding function program to expand a function of a print processing related program and a second expanding function program to expand the function of the print processing related program; and a discrimination step of discriminating the presence or absence of conflict between setting values of print settings which are used in the first expanding function program and the second expanding function program by using the conflict rules obtained in the obtainment step.
US07903271B2	Printing system, progress display processing method, computer readable program storage medium and program To display appropriately the progress status for each processing device in one series of print operations so that the person in charge of each processing device may visually confirm the status. A management server transmits the processing information adapted to one series of print operations to any of the processing devices, collects the notification information notified from each processing device, generates the display data for displaying relevantly the progress status of each print operation and the process state of each processing device, and transmits the generated display data to each processing device. Each processing device acquires the display data transmitted from the management server, and displays and switches dynamically the progress status of the processing devices in linkage with a processing device selected from among a plurality of processing devices.
US07903269B2	Abnormality determining apparatus, image forming apparatus including the abnormality determining apparatus, and abnormality determining method An abnormality determining apparatus includes an information storing device that stores information, an information obtaining device that obtains information of a detection subject, a receiving device that receives abnormality presence/absence information indicative of the presence or absence of an abnormality in the detection subject detected by a user, a normal group data set constructing device that constructs a normal group data set that is a collection of normal data indicating that the detection subject is in a normal state based on the abnormality presence/absence information received by the receiving device and based on the information obtained by the information obtaining device during a preset period, and a determining device that determines the presence or absence of an abnormality in the detection subject by performing calculations based on the normal group data set stored in the information storing device and based on the information obtained by the information obtaining device.
US07903267B2	Automatic installation system for printer driver, and program recording medium An automatic installation system for printer drivers including a network; at least one printer connected to the network; a printer driver database unit which has a printer driver database and connected to the network; and a terminal connected to the at least one printer via the network, wherein the terminal is adapted to obtain a printer driver from the printer driver database, to install the printer driver, and to set configurations regarding connection and printing when a user selects one of the at least one printer from a list thereof displayed on the terminal based on printer information obtained from the at least one printer, and in a case in which a printer driver is not installed in the terminal or in a case in which a printer driver that has been installed needs to be updated.
US07903266B2	System and method for using divided fonts to achieve proportional spacing A method of printing a string of characters includes receiving a sequence of character data codes. Each character data code corresponds to a respective character to be printed in the string of characters. The method also includes transcoding the sequence of character data codes to generate a sequence of glyph codes. Each glyph code corresponds to a respective glyph. Each glyph corresponds to at least part of a respective character. At least some of the glyphs correspond to less than a complete character. The method further includes using the sequence of glyph codes to generate print image data and printing an image on the basis of the print image data.
US07903265B2	Method for measuring coating uniformity A method of determining thickness uniformity of a coating, the coating being formed on the surface of an object, the method comprising determining coating thickness data within portions of the surface, the portions including at least one generally concave portion and at least one generally convex portion, and presenting the coating thickness data as a graphical representation for each portion.
US07903264B2	Structure inspection method, pattern formation method, process condition determination method and resist pattern evaluation apparatus Wavelength dispersion of intensity of light reflected from an evaluation object is measured. A complex refractive index of a substance forming the evaluation object and the environment are prepared. Virtual component ratios comprising a mixture ratio of the substances forming the evaluation object and the environment are prepared. Reflectance wavelength dispersions to the virtual component ratios are calculated. Similar reflectance wavelength dispersions having a small difference with the measured wavelength dispersion are extracted from the reflectance wavelength dispersions. Weighted average to the virtual component ratios used for calculating the similar reflectance wavelength dispersions are calculated to obtain a component ratio of the substance forming the evaluation object and the environment so that weighting is larger when the difference is smaller. A structure of the evaluation object is determined from the calculated component ratio.
US07903262B2	Optical position measuring arrangement A position measuring arrangement including a scale connected with a first object, wherein the scale includes a reference marking and a plurality of graduated areas, which are arranged a periodically in the measuring direction and have different optical properties. Respective additional structures are arranged in the measuring direction adjacent to the reference marking, which extend in the measuring direction and minimize secondary maxima in the reference pulse signal, wherein the additional structures includes at least two tracks having a first optical property, between which a graduated area having a second optical property and extending in the measuring direction is arranged. The position measuring arrangement further includes a scanning unit movable in relation to the scale in the measuring direction and is connected with a second object, the scanning unit includes individual detector elements, whose geometric arrangement is matched to the reference marking for generating the reference pulse signal.
US07903254B2	Systems and methods for endoscopic angle-resolved low coherence interferometry Fourier domain a/LCI (faLCI) system and method which enables in vivo data acquisition at rapid rates using a single scan. Angle-resolved and depth-resolved spectra information is obtained with one scan. The reference arm can remain fixed with respect to the sample due to only one scan required. A reference signal and a reflected sample signal are cross-correlated and dispersed at a multitude of reflected angles off of the sample, thereby representing reflections from a multitude of points on the sample at the same time in parallel. Information about all depths of the sample at each of the multitude of different points on the sample can be obtained with one scan on the order of approximately 40 milliseconds. From the spatial, cross-correlated reference signal, structural (size) information can also be obtained using techniques that allow size information of scatterers to be obtained from angle-resolved data.
US07903251B1	Representation of spatial-frequency data as a map A method for representing the structural information in a biological or physical sample is disclosed. In this method, a time-frequency representation of the spatial distribution within a sample is transformed into a color representation of the data. Furthermore, due to the directional sensitivity of the method for gathering the data, information about the structural anisotropy of the sample can also be encoded from the data. The application of this method to one or more regions within the sample enables a map to be generated which clearly illustrates quantitative measures of the structures present.
US07903250B1	Control by sample reflectivity A method of performing an investigation of a substrate, by measuring a reflectivity of the substrate, comparing the reflectivity of the substrate to an anticipated reflectivity value, selectively subjecting the substrate to a laser beam for a predetermined duration and at a predetermined energy only when the reflectivity of the substrate is within a specified tolerance of the anticipated reflectivity value, selectively signaling a fault condition when the reflectivity of the substrate is not within the specified tolerance of the anticipated reflectivity value, and selectively performing the investigation of the substrate only when the reflectivity of the substrate is within the specified tolerance of the anticipated reflectivity value.
US07903248B2	Luminescence measuring apparatus To increase the direct light received by the detector and decrease reflections from the detection component support structures, the luminescent substance is placed as close to the detector as possible. More specifically, the apparatus is configured so as to slide out a structure shielding the detector from light and at the same time slide in the vessel containing the luminescent substance therein until the vessel comes right under the detector. The invention can detect trace luminescence from a small-volume sample by maximizing the amount of direct light received from the sample and minimizing the decay of indirect light received from the sample attributable to interactions with the vessel for containing the sample therein, the structure for collecting light, and the structure for supporting other detection components.
US07903241B2	Method and apparatus for determining red blood cell indices of a blood sample utilizing the intrinsic pigmentation of hemoglobin contained within the red blood cells A method for the determination of the red blood cell indices including the volume, and hemoglobin content and concentration for individual red blood cells, as well as red blood cell population statistics, including total number of red blood cells present in the sample, and mean values for each of the aforementioned indices within a substantially undiluted blood sample is provided.
US07903239B2	Porous photonic crystal with light scattering domains and methods of synthesis and use thereof The invention includes sensors and sensing methods for determining cell morphology and/or chemical composition of an analyte. A porous substrate exhibiting a first optical signal is exposed to a target analyte and subsequently monitored for changes in the optical signal. More specifically, a photonic or porous substrate having a well-defined and highly tunable reflectivity or transmission spectrum, such as porous silicon (Si), porous alumina, porous Ge, porous GaAs, porous SiO2 and porous polymer, is used for example. A porous or photonic substrate is exposed to an analyte, such as a cell or other macromolecule, and changes in the scattered light are observed over time to determine cell morphology and/or chemical composition of the analyte using the substrate.
US07903236B2	Optical member driving apparatus for laser radar An optical-member driving apparatus for laser radar, comprising: an optical-member integrated portion including an optical member and an optical-member mounted portion having the optical member mounted thereon; first erection members supporting the optical-member integrated portion; a relay portion to which the first erection members is connected; second erection members supporting the relay portion; and a fixed portion to which the second erection members are connected.
US07903234B2	Lithographic apparatus, device manufacturing method and computer program product In a lithographic apparatus, a corrective irradiation procedure is performed using an illumination mode arranged so as to heat a selected part of an element of the projection system near a pupil plane thereof that is relatively unheated during production exposure. The corrective irradiation procedure aims to improve uniformity of optical element heating of the projective system and/or to reduce a phase gradient.
US07903233B2	Offset partial ring seal in immersion lithographic system A substrate processing apparatus includes a device for partially sealing a gap between a final optical element (22) of a projection lens (14) and an immersion nozzle (20). In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a table configured to support a substrate (16); a patterning element defining a pattern (12); a projection system configured to project the pattern onto the substrate (16), the projection system having a last optical element (22); a gap between the substrate and the last optical element; an immersion element configured to maintain immersion fluid in the gap; and a first seal (102) positioned between the projection system and the immersion element. The first seal (104) is configured to substantially prevent immersion fluid from exiting the space between the projection system and the immersion element.
US07903229B2	Display device and method of fabricating the same A method of fabricating a driver circuit for use with a passive matrix or active matrix electrooptical display device such as a liquid crystal display. The driver circuit occupies less space than heretofore. A circuit (stick crystal) having a length substantially equal to the length of one side of the matrix of the display device is used as the driver circuit. The circuit is bonded to one substrate of the display device, and then the terminals of the circuit are connected with the terminals of the display device. Subsequently, the substrate of the driver circuit is removed. This makes the configuration of the circuit much simpler than the configuration of the circuit heretofore required by the TAB method or COG method, because conducting lines are not laid in a complex manner. The driver circuit can be formed on a large-area substrate such as a glass substrate. The display device can be formed on a lightweight material having a high shock resistance such as a plastic substrate. Hence, a display device having excellent portability can be obtained.
US07903228B2	Material for liquid crystal cell A liquid crystal device comprises ferroelectric particles suspended in a liquid crystal material. A method for fabricating a light-modulating device is also disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing a pair of substrates with a cell gap therebetween, wherein electrodes are disposed on the facing surfaces of the substrates, and permanently disposing a suspension of ferroelectric particles in a liquid crystal material into said cell gap. A method of generating an image comprises providing a pair of substrates with a cell gap therebetween, providing transparent electrodes on each of said substrates adjacent to the cell gap, permanently disposing a suspension of ferroelectric particles in a liquid crystal material within the cell gap, and applying an electric field across the electrodes.
US07903227B2	Backlight unit and liquid crystal display device including the same A backlight unit and a liquid crystal display device are provided. The backlight unit includes light emitting diodes; and a plurality of temperature adjusting members which reduce a temperature difference formed by emission of heat of the backlight unit, the heat being caused by a convection current of air in a vicinity of the light emitting diodes and by heat emitted from the plurality of light emitting diodes. The liquid crystal display device includes a plurality of circuit boards which are provided with light emitting diodes; a frame on which the circuit boards are installed; and a plurality of temperature adjusting members provided between the plurality of circuit boards and the frame, wherein the plurality of temperature adjusting members having different heat resistances are arranged according to a temperature distribution of heat emitted from the light emitting diodes such that a uniform temperature distribution is maintained across the display device.
US07903222B2	Liquid crystal display and method for manufacturing the same Disclosed are a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a method for manufacturing the same, in which connection stability is improved when connecting a COG, A COF, or an FPC to a driving circuit. A substrate of the LCD has a display region and a non-display region at a peripheral area thereof. Terminals are provided to electrically connect an external circuit and a circuit of the display region and the non-display region. A flat protective layer is formed on the terminals. A plurality of pads are respectively formed of a first contact region and a flat second contact region, and each of the pads contacts a corresponding terminal, which is formed through a pad contact hold formed on the protective layer, at the first contact region, and each of the pads is electrically connected through an anisotropic conductive resin to a terminal of the external circuit by a pressing process at the flat second contact region.
US07903221B2	Substrate for a liquid crystal display device and liquid crystal display device The present invention relates to a substrate for a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device which are used as, for example, a display unit of an electronic apparatus, and an object of the present invention is therefore to provide a substrate for a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device capable of providing high transmittance, high luminance, and good display characteristics as well as a high production yield. A substrate for a liquid crystal display device is provided with a storage capacitor bus line formed approximately parallel with a gate bus line, a first pixel electrode connected electrically to the source electrode of a transistor, a second pixel electrode formed so as to be opposed to part of the source electrode of the transistor via an insulating film and to be separate from the first pixel electrode, and a slit formed between the adjoining end portions of the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode and having a slit width which is greater than a shortest width in a region over the storage capacitor bus line.
US07903217B2	Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device using the same A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel and an LCD device using the same are provided. The LCD panel at least includes a first color pixel and a second color pixel for displaying different colors. The second color pixel is disposed next to the first color pixel. The liquid crystal molecules in the first color pixel have at least four liquid crystal (LC) orientations including a first LC orientation. The liquid crystal molecules in the second color pixel have a plurality of LC orientations including a second LC orientation. The first LC orientation is different from all LC orientations of the second color pixel.
US07903215B2	Liquid crystal display and method of manufacturing the same The invention relates to a liquid crystal display in which a polymeric component included in a liquid crystal layer is polymerized while adjusting a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer to regulate the direction of alignment of liquid crystal molecules during polymerization and a method of manufacturing the same. The invention provides a liquid crystal display in which image sticking is mitigated and a method of manufacturing the same. In a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display in which a liquid crystal composition including a polymeric component that is optically or thermally polymerized is sealed between substrates and in which the polymeric component is polymerized while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal composition to regulate the direction of alignment of liquid crystal molecules during driving, a configuration is employed such that a polymerization initiator in the liquid crystal composition has a concentration x that satisfies 0≦x≦0.002 (% by weight).
US07903213B2	Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device incorporating the same A liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display device incorporating the same are provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a first base, a dielectric layer and a storage capacitor. The storage capacitor includes a reflective electrode. The dielectric layer covers at least part of the storage capacitor. The second substrate is substantially paralleled to the first substrate. The second substrate includes a second base, a black matrix and a common electrode. The black matrix corresponds to the storage capacitor. The black matrix includes an opening corresponding to the reflective electrode. The opening is provided to let an outside light enter into the liquid crystal display panel such that the reflective electrode reflects the outside light to provide a light source to the liquid crystal display panel.
US07903211B2	Liquid crystal display having reflection electrodes A liquid crystal display including a first substrate including a gate bus line, a data bus line intersecting the gate bus line, a thin film transistor formed near an intersection between the gate bus line and the data bus line, and a pixel electrode including a transmission electrode electrically connected to the thin film transistor and a reflection electrode electrically connected to the transmission electrode, a second substrate opposed to the first substrate and including an opposed electrode opposed to the pixel electrode, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The transmission electrode includes a plurality of electrode units interconnected to each other by an interconnection pattern, and the reflection electrode is formed over the electrode unit with an insulation layer with convexities formed in the surface of the insulation layer.
US07903210B2	Reflection type liquid crystal display device and manufacturing method thereof The present invention is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, wherein light having an exposure energy is irradiated on the surface of a photo-sensitive resin layer having a predetermined film thickness, and a distribution of thermal deformation characteristics in the thickness direction (or the plane direction) of the photo-sensitive resin layer is formed, then heat treatment is performed to form random undulation (micro-grooves or micro-wrinkles) on the surface of the photo-sensitive resin layer.
US07903209B2	Reflection-transmission type liquid crystal display device and method for manufacturing the same Disclosed are a liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method for manufacturing the LCD device. The LCD device has a substrate including a display region and a pad region located in a periphery of the display region, the display region having a transparent electrode, the pad region having a pad electrode. The transparent electrode and the pad electrode are formed from the same layer. A reflective electrode having a transmission window exposing a portion of the transparent electrode is formed on the transparent electrode. The manufacturing process can be simplified because the transparent electrode is directly connected to the reflective electrode. Since the pad electrode is formed of the same layer as the transparent electrode, no metal corrosion occurs to thereby increase the pad reliability during COG bonding.
US07903208B2	Color filter substrate for liquid crystal display and method of fabricating the same A color filter substrate for a liquid crystal display and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The color filter substrate for a liquid crystal display includes: light shielding parts formed on a front surface of a substrate at predetermined intervals to prevent light leakage; color filter Layers disposed between the light shielding parts on the front surface of the substrate and including color filter patterns of red (R), green (G) and blue (B) for implementing a color image; and a transparent conductive layer formed on a rear surface of the substrate, where the rear surface of the substrate is opposite the front surface of the substrate on which the color filter layers are formed, and formed in a porous structure having a plurality of holes spaced at predetermined intervals. Therefore, it is possible to shield an electrostatic field due to external static electricity and improve image display quality, thereby increasing high brightness characteristics and readability.
US07903204B2	Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display panel having the same A polarizing plate formed with an antistatic film preventing the formation of stains caused by the generation of static electricity and a liquid crystal display panel comprising the same. The polarizing plate includes a polarizer polarizing incident light. a first and a second protection film formed on opposing surfaces of the polarizer, respectively, and protecting the polarizer, a first antistatic film formed on the first protection film and an adhesive layer formed on the first antistatic film.
US07903203B2	Liquid crystal display element and manufacturing method thereof The invention discloses a liquid crystal display element including: a pair of display substrates each having a support and an electrode provided on one surface of the support; and a display layer provided between the electrodes of the pair of display substrates, wherein the display layer contains gelatin and liquid crystal drops or microcapsules; and the liquid crystal drops or microcapsules are densely arrayed in a monolayer, and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display element, including: applying to a surface of one of the display substrates which surface has the electrode, a coating solution in which liquid crystal drops or microcapsules are dispersed in a solution containing gelatin and a solvent, thereby forming a coating layer; and evaporating the solvent in the coating layer at a temperature not less than the freezing point of the gelatin to provide a display layer between the electrodes of the display substrates.
US07903199B2	Backlight module having light-mixing member and liquid crystal display using same An exemplary backlight module (40) includes a number of point light sources (43) and a light-mixing member (47). The number of point light sources emit light beams of different colors. The light-mixing member mixes the light beams of different colors into white light beams. The light-mixing member includes a light entrance surface (470) opposite to the light sources. The light entrance surface includes a number of recesses (471). The recesses correspond to the number of point light sources. The backlight module has high efficiency of light mixing.
US07903195B2	LCD panel having a black coloring layer and an anti-glare layer attached to a protection plate through an adhesion layer in which the black coloring layer and the adhesion layer have a predetermined related thickness An object of the present invention is to propose the structure and constitution of a liquid crystal display device having a protection plate, which prevents exfoliation of black painting at ends of the protection plate when dust on the protection plate of the liquid crystal display device is wiped off, thus preventing degradation of design features.The liquid crystal display device comprises: a transparent protection plate formed above a liquid crystal panel; a pair of polarizing plates disposed to sandwich and hold the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer formed between the protection plate and the liquid crystal panel; a black coloring layer formed at ends of four sides on a side of the protection plate, the side being opposite to a side at which the transparent organic medium layer is disposed; and an anti-glare film composed of an anti-glare layer and an adhesion layer formed on a side of the protection plate, the side being opposite to a side at which the transparent organic medium layer is disposed.
US07903194B2	Optical element for lateral light spreading in back-lit displays and system using same A display system has a controlled transmission mirror disposed between the light sources and the display panel. The controlled transmission mirror includes a light-diverting input coupling element facing the light sources, a light-diverting output coupling element facing the display panel and a multilayer reflector between the input and output coupling elements. The controlled transmission mirror laterally spreads the light, making the illumination of the panel more uniform. The controlled transmission mirror may include a transparent substrate between the input and output coupling elements for additional light spreading. The light sources may be positioned within the controlled transmission mirror, rather than behind it. The output coupling element can be insensitive to polarization, so the light passing out of the controlled transmission mirror is unpolarized, or the output coupling element can be polarization sensitive so that the output light is polarized.
US07903193B2	Liquid crystal display device A liquid crystal display device that includes: a liquid crystal display panel; a backlight unit disposed on the rear surface side of the liquid crystal display panel; and a flexible printed circuit whose end is connected to a terminal portion of the liquid crystal display panel. In the device, the backlight unit includes a frame-shaped mold, the liquid crystal display device includes at least a fixing member for use for fixing the liquid crystal display panel to the frame-shaped mold in an area not including a display area of the liquid crystal display panel, and the fixing member is shaped like a ring, and inside of the ring of the fixing member, the liquid crystal display panel and the frame-shaped mold are disposed. The resulting liquid crystal display device can implement size and profile reduction with ease.
US07903192B2	Display device and method of manufacturing the same The invention provides a display device which can reduce breaking of a TFT substrate at the time of connecting a wiring member to the TFT substrate after decreasing a thickness of the TFT substrate and a manufacturing method of the display device. A TFT substrate and a counter substrate are adhered to each other to form a display panel. After connecting a wiring member to a line connection portion of the display panel, a portion of the display panel to be etched is masked. An etching protective film formed of an organic film is applied to the masked display panel by coating. Thereafter, a mask is peeled off together with the etching protective film formed on the mask and the display panel is immersed in an etchant thus polishing an exposed surface of a glass substrate to a predetermined thickness. Thereafter, a chemical polishing protective film formed on a wiring member is removed.
US07903187B2	Static electricity preventing assembly for display device and method of manufacturing the same A static electricity preventing assembly for an electronic device, may include a substrate, a buffer layer on the substrate, the buffer layer including a plurality of contact holes exposing respective regions of the substrate, a shorting bar on the buffer layer, pad electrodes on the buffer layer, metal wiring lines on the buffer layer, wherein a first portion of each of the metal wiring lines may be electrically connected to the substrate through the contact holes, a second portion of each of the metal wiring lines may be connected to a respective one of the pad electrodes, and a third portion of each of the metal wiring lines may be connected to the shorting bar, wherein the first portion may be between the second portion and the third portion.
US07903178B1	Color management unit A color management unit is architected to achieve higher-quality appearance used in various video formats and to enable improvements in picture contrast and colorfulness. The color management unit comprises an optional input color space converter to convert the input digital video to a desired color space, an adaptive contrast enhancer to apply contrast improvement algorithms in response to different scenes in either manual or automatic modes, intelligent color remapping for enhancing selected colors, sRGB compliance to produce a video display that is uniform over different monitors, global color and brightness controls to combine global processing and color conversion, gamut compression to maintain pixel validity in color space conversion, and gamma correction to compensate for nonlinear characteristics of an output display.
US07903175B2	Device and method for zooming images A method for zooming images is provided. The method is suitable for altering the size of a source image frame in both horizontal and vertical directions to generate a destination image frame. The method for zooming images includes the following steps. First, the frequency of a horizontal sync signal is multiplied to generate an operating clock signal, wherein the horizontal sync signal is synchronized with the source image frame. Next, the source image frame is sampled by the operating clock signal to generate a sampled image frame. Then, a horizontal zooming operation is performed on the sampled image frame by using the operating clock signal to generate a horizontal image frame. Afterwards, a vertical zooming operation is performed on the horizontal image frame by using the operating clock signal to generate a vertical image frame. Finally, the vertical image frame is output as the destination image frame.
US07903174B2	Broadcasting data receiving apparatus A broadcasting data receiving apparatus which can receive broadcasting data and update software by using software update data received as the broadcasting data includes a receiving portion operable to receive broadcasting data, a video/audio processing portion operable to process video data included in the received broadcasting data for video display and audio data included in the received broadcasting data for audio output based on stored software, an operation input portion operable to receive a user operation, and a control portion operable to (i) control the processing in the video/audio processing portion, (ii) perform software update processing on a necessary component by using received software update data if the received broadcasting data includes the software update data, and (iii) perform minimal display processing or minimal audio output processing in the video/audio processing portion if the operation input portion receives a user operation to start the apparatus during execution of the update processing.
US07903173B2	Moving image display device and method for moving image display The synthesizing circuit inputs signals representing the brightness coefficient K2 and the brightness coefficient K3 from the multiplexer, and inputs the overscanned frame image data D1 in pixel units from the first latch circuit. When the start frame image read the third time and the after frame image read the first time are input simultaneously, the synthesizing circuit calculates the brightness coefficient K2 for the brightness value of the pixels of the start frame image, and calculates the brightness coefficient K3 for the brightness value of the pixel of the after frame image. Then, it synthesizes the pixels of the start frame image and the pixels of the after frame image for which the respective brightness coefficients were calculated, and generates the intermediate frame image data D2.
US07903172B2	System and method for video processing A video processing apparatus can receive video at two different rates, which may be High Definition video and Standard Definition Video. The input video is stored and read into a processor at a fixed internal rate for processing at that rate. Processed video is output to a further store from which it can be read at either of the input rates.
US07903170B2	Imaging apparatus An imaging apparatus includes a lens unit to be mounted in one-touch on a module unit affixed by reflow soldering or the like to a base plate. When the lens unit is mounted in one-touch on the module unit, the conical outer circumferential surface of a tip-end part of a lens press-fitting part is in close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the conical concave part of the holder to regulate the coaxiality of the installed lens. A flange face of the lens is directly received and supported by the holder to regulate the parallelity with the imaging element and, in addition, when the lens unit is mounted in one-touch on the module unit, the barrel which is integrally formed with the lens press-fitting part is snap-locked onto the upper end part of the holder to ensure the fixing of the barrel.
US07903169B2	Photographic device and control method therefor There is disclosed a photographic device that uses an image sensor and an electronic viewfinder. When a release button is pressed halfway, an aperture value, an electronic shutter speed and a photosensitivity are decided based on the present subject brightness to provide a proper exposure value for photographing a still image. So long as the release button is kept being pressed halfway, a timing generator drives the image sensor to shoot video images at a frame rate of 20 Hz, and the aperture value decided for still image photography is fixed, whereas the electronic shutter speed and the photosensitivity are adjusted according to the subject brightness by use of an aperture-priority type video program. When the release button is pressed to the full, an exposure for a still image is done with the fixed aperture value.
US07903166B2	Methods and systems for display viewer motion compensation based on user image data Embodiments of the present invention comprise systems and methods for compensating for motion of a viewer relative to a display device.
US07903164B2	Image capturing apparatus, an image capturing method and a machine readable medium storing thereon a computer program for capturing an image of a range wider than an image capture designation range It is an object to provide an image of a desired composition in case the user is unsatisfied with the composition of an image already captured. An image capturing apparatus for capturing an image is provided, wherein the apparatus includes an image capturing designation range acquiring unit for acquiring an image capturing designation range designated by a user; an image capturing unit for capturing an image of a range wider than the image capturing designation range; a storing unit for storing information indicative of the image capturing designation range corresponding to the captured image; and an image displaying unit for displaying at least an image within the image capturing designation range out of the captured image by making the user recognize the image capturing designation range.
US07903159B2	Image sensor ADC and CDS per column A solid state imager converts analog pixel values to digital form on an arrayed per-column basis. A counter is coupled to an N-bit DAC to produce an analog ramp that varies corresponding to the contents of the counter. A ripple counter is associated with each respective column. A clock or a source of counts at a predetermined sequence supplies clock signals or counts to the counter elements. Column comparators gate the counter elements when the analog ramp equals the pixel value. The counter contents feed a video output bus to produce the digital video signal. Additional black-level readout counters elements can create and store a black level digital value that is subtracted from the pixel value to reduce fixed pattern noise. The counters may employ two's complement arithmetic. An additional array of buffer counter/latches can be employed. Ripple counters can be configured as counters to capture the digital video level, and then as shift registers to clock out the video levels to an output bus. The clock pulses or counts for the DAC counter and for the ripple counters can be at the same or different rates.
US07903157B2	Imaging system and image sensor with filter selectively transmitting combination of plural narrow wavelength bands of incident light in low color rendering illumination An imaging system according to the present inventions includes an image sensor in which a plurality of unit pixels are arranged on a chip and an image processing LSI for converting color components output from the image sensor to color signals. The imaging system is configured to select only color component which have passed through filters having similar spectral characteristics to spectral characteristics of the human eye from separation filter groups forming multi-layer film filters under white light and, on the other hand, combine color components which have passed through arbitrarily selected filters of the filters the separation filter groups to output the combined color components under illumination of low rendering lightning.
US07903152B2	Mobile entertainment and communication device A mobile communication device in a palm-held size housing has a cellular or satellite telephone capable of wireless communication with the Internet and remotely located telephones. The device includes one or more replaceable memory card sockets for receiving a blank memory card for recording data directly from the Internet and, in particular, musical performances that then can be selectively reproduced by the device for the enjoyment of the user, including both audio and visual recordings and reproductions. The device also includes a camera and microphone for recording images and sound within the range of the device that can be wirelessly transmitted, either selectively or automatically to a remote telephone. Further, the device includes sensors for sensing unusual conditions that may also be transmitted to a remote telephone, together with the location of the device as determined by a GPS section of the device. Still further the device includes a connectable stethoscope for detecting and transmitting sounds from the chest of a user to a remote location.
US07903151B2	Moving image recording apparatus with a stream recording function of a moving image An electronic camera apparatus includes an image pick-up unit for obtaining image data of a moving image every certain frame period, a recording unit for performing a data-writing process to successively write the image data onto a detachable recording medium, and a rate obtaining unit for obtaining information concerning a data-writing rate at which the recording unit writes the image data onto the recording medium. In addition, the electronic camera apparatus includes an adjusting unit for adjusting, based on the data-writing rate obtained by the rate obtaining unit, values of image recording parameters for determining an image data volume to be written onto the recording medium in a fixed period of time to restrict the image data volume to a level less than a data volume which can be written on the recording medium within the fixed period of time.
US07903146B2	Image capturing apparatus with image signal and object luminance detection for exposure control This invention improves the response characteristic of exposure control while keeping the exposure control precision high in an image capturing apparatus. An image capturing apparatus includes an image sensor which photo-electrically converts an object image to output an image signal, an output interval control unit which controls the output interval of the image signal from the image sensor, a first detection unit which detects object luminance information from the image signal, a second detection unit which detects the object luminance information by directly receiving light from an object, and a control unit which controls the exposure of the image sensor by selectively using a detection signal from the first detection unit and a detection signal from the second detection unit based on the output interval of the image signal controlled by the output interval control unit.
US07903142B2	Digital still camera with print-order information A digital still camera of the invention includes: an image-capturing unit which generates an image; a selecting unit which decides whether a date where the generating is done is to be written onto the image; a writing unit which writes the date when the selecting unit decides that the date is to be written; a creating unit which creates print-order information; a determining unit which determines whether the image has the date thereon, when the creating unit creates the print-order information for the image; a changing unit which deletes the date from the print-order information when the determining unit determines that the image has the date thereon, and the print-order information includes the date; and a recording unit which records the image and the print-order information, associating them with each other. Therefore, it can avoid a problem in printing the date, and properly set print-order information with simple operation.
US07903138B2	Information processing device, information processing method, and recording media An electronic camera connected through a communication line to another electronic camera records an image that was transmitted from the other camera. When the electronic camera is connected to a public line from a modular jack, when a shooting lens faces opposite to a surface where an LCD is formed, the image of the user which was input by a CCD is transmitted to the other camera through the public line and is displayed on the LCD of the other camera. Furthermore, the user image from the other camera is transmitted and displayed on the first camera. When a release switch to shoot an object is operated, the displayed image is recorded. When a rotating part containing the shooting part is rotated by either camera, the image input by the rotating camera is displayed on both electronic cameras. When the release button is pressed, the input image is recorded. Additionally, when information is transferred from the electronic camera identifying information for the respective information processing device is received, the type of information that can be handled is evaluated based upon this identifying information. Then, only information that can be handled is transmitted.
US07903137B2	Videoconferencing echo cancellers A system may be configured to: receive remote audio signals and corresponding spatial indicators from remote systems; generate output signals for local speakers based on the remote audio signals and the corresponding spatial indicators; supply a microphone input signal to a first echo canceller in a series of echo cancellers, where each echo canceller of the series corresponds to a position in a set of positions along a one-dimensional locus connecting the speakers; map each of the remote audio signals to a corresponding one of the positions based on the corresponding spatial indicator; for each position of the set of positions, combine any of the remote audio signals that map to that position in order to form a corresponding input signal for the corresponding echo canceller; transmit a resultant signal including at least an output of a last echo canceller of the series to the remote systems.
US07903136B2	Scanning optical apparatus and image forming apparatus A scanning optical apparatus uses a light source pair that includes at least two light sources to scan a same scan line. The scanning optical apparatus includes: a first group of light sources which include a first light source of a light source pair and are lined up on a first line; and a second group of light sources which include a second light source of the light source pair and are lined up on a second line. The first line and the second line are inclined with respect to reference lines corresponding to scan lines so that the first light source and the second light source of the light source pair scan the same scan line. Moreover, a distance between the first light source and the second light source of the light source pair is at least twice a distance between two adjacent light sources in the first line.
US07903135B2	Optical scanning device and image forming apparatus for optimizing arrangement intervals in a main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction An optical scanning device which scans a scanned surface by a plurality of light beams in a main-scanning direction includes a light source having a plurality of light-emitting portions which emit the light beams, the light-emitting portions being two-dimensionally arranged in a plane parallel to the main-scanning direction and a sub-scanning direction orthogonal to the main-scanning direction via arrangement intervals in the main-scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction, a deflector which scans the light beams in the main-scanning direction; and a scanning optical system which images the scanned light beams onto the scanned surface.
US07903122B2	Representing a printed product using image blending A design image is combined with a product image to create a composite image to illustrate the result of printing the design image onto the product. To create the composite image, the opacity of each pixel in the design image is set according to the brightness value of the pixel such that completely dark pixels are opaque, completely white pixels are transparent, and pixels having intermediate brightness values are assigned intermediate opacity values based on the brightness of the pixel. The design image pixels and the corresponding product image pixel are blended according to the opacity values of the design image pixels to create the composite image.
US07903121B2	System and method for image-based rendering with object proxies A system and method for rendering with an object proxy. In one embodiment, a method includes forming a set of view textures corresponding to a set of viewing directions; selecting a viewing direction for rendering; selecting at least two view textures from the formed set based on the selected viewing direction; and rendering the object proxy at the selected viewing direction. The rendering step includes applying texture from the selected view textures onto the selected object proxy. The view texture set forming step includes: calculating texture coordinates for the object proxy based on the level of obstruction at different portions of the object proxy and texture packing data; and drawing portions of the object based on the level of obstruction data for the object proxy and based on the texture packing data to obtain a view texture at the selected viewing direction.
US07903118B2	Methods for allocating information to system resources using improved mapping Embodiments described herein provide a programmable mapping scheme for mapping information to resources of a system. In an embodiment, a programmable lattice method operates to map information to resources of a system. For example, the programmable lattice method can be used to map pixel data to graphics processing resources of a graphics processing system. In another embodiment, a programmable hybrid method operates to map information to resources of a system. For example, the programmable hybrid method can be used to map pixel data to graphics processing resources of a graphics processing system. The mapping methods described are applicable to any multi-dimensional array processing (e.g., 2D and 3D). The methods provide a uniform distribution of resources and tend to reduce resource collisions when allocating information to a resource.
US07903115B2	Animations At least certain embodiments of the present disclosure include a method for animating a display region, windows, or views displayed on a display of a device. The method includes starting at least two animations. The method further includes determining the progress of each animation. The method further includes completing each animation based on a single timer.
US07903114B2	Apparatus and method for visualizing the relationship between a plurality of sets A computer readable storage medium includes executable instructions to associate two or more data sets with two or more vertices in a Venn graph. An intersection of the two or more data sets is associated with a vertex in the Venn graph. A plurality of outliers is associated between the two or more data sets and the intersection of the two or more data sets with a plurality of vertices disposed between the two or more vertices and the vertex in the Venn graph.
US07903108B2	Method for accelerated determination of occlusion between polygons The invention describes a method and system for use in occlusion culling of polygons in an interactive environment, such as a game. The invention employs a boundary box to simplify the testing of occludee polygons. Occluders and occludees are also transformed into non-interpenetrating, non-overlapping polygons. Winged-edges are employed to minimize a per occludee computational cost due to precision problems that may arise at non-overlapping edges. The invention then proceeds through an active edge list to identify edge discontinuities (e.g., where an edge is added or removed from the active edge list). Depth analysis is employed to determine whether an occluder occludes an occludee at the edge discontinuity. Moreover, the invention only performs depth analysis for those locations of a screen display where an occludee is determined to reside, thereby minimizing unnecessary computations.
US07903106B2	Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) for gamma correction In one aspect, a system provides gamma correction in a thin-film-transistor (TFT) liquid-crystal-display (LCD). The system includes a digital-to-analog converter operable to receive digital control data. The digital-to-analog converter is operable to provide an output voltage for gamma correction in response to the digital control data.
US07903104B2	Spatial modulator display system using two memories and display time slices having differing times A spatial light modulator having two static random access memory (SRAM) devices, including a display controller configured with a display sequence, the display sequence including a first display slice and a second display slice, the first display slice having a display time less than two times a minimum time period determined by the time of a write event, and the second display slice having a display time of more than two times the minimum time period. The controller controls write events from the two SRAM devices, and the first display slice and second display slice are ordered in the display sequence so that the controller causes the spatial light modulator to output light and causes the two SRAM devices each to perform a write event during the second display slice.
US07903103B2	Reusable poster holder and methods for display A poster holder having a first member, a second member moveable away from the first member to an open position and moveable towards the first member to a closed position, the second member cooperating with the first member to secure the substrate in the closed position, a controller configured to selectively energize at least one portion of an energizeable image on a substrate detachably securable between the first member and the second member in the closed position, and an electrical power source connected to the controller. The poster holder is useable in a display that includes a poster formed of a substrate and an energizeable image formed thereon. Methods of displaying an energizeable image using the poster holder are set forth.
US07903102B2	Display driving integrated circuit and method A display driving integrated circuit (IC) capable of reducing the number of transmission lines for transmitting gray-scale data from a memory. The display driving IC receives M-bit gray-scale data to represent the gray scale of one pixel and drives a panel including a plurality of pixels. The display driving IC includes a memory storing gray-scale data representing the gray scales of the plurality of pixels, a source driver receiving the gray-scale data from the memory through transmission lines and transmitting the received gray-scale data to the panel, and at least one multiplexer to transmit the M-bit gray-scale data representing the gray scale of one pixel through L transmission lines, wherein the value of L is smaller than the value of M.
US07903101B2	Display device and method with optimal external input setting capability A display device and method with an optimal external input setting capability are provided. A method for setting an external input in a display device includes receiving information about an external device which is connected to the display device via a network; determining based on the information about the external device whether the external device has a capability of providing a component output signal; and if the external device has the capability of providing the component output, setting a set of component terminals as a set of external input terminals for receiving a signal from the external device. Thus, when the external device has the capability of providing a component output, the component terminal is set as an external input, thereby obtaining a high definition image. In addition, setting the component terminals as the external input is automatically performed, thus providing convenience to a user.
US07903100B2	Image display apparatus, image display method, and signal processing apparatus An image display apparatus functioning as both an apparatus for displaying an image and a partition includes image display means for displaying the image, reception means for receiving an operational input from a user, and drive control means for driving an actuator for moving the image display means to move the image display means. The drive control means changes the arrangement of the image display apparatus functioning as the partition by moving the image display means on the basis of the operational input received by the reception means.
US07903093B2	Mobile communication device equipped with touch screen and method of controlling operation thereof A mobile communication device equipped with a touch screen and a method of controlling an operation of the mobile communication device are provided. According to an embodiment, the method includes displaying a display window on the touch screen, and displaying an input window overlapping a portion of the display window, wherein the input window is at least partially transparent.
US07903089B2	Method for searching menu in mobile communication terminal The present invention relates to a method for searching a menu in a mobile communication terminal, wherein a plurality of main menus and sub menus of each main menu are simultaneously searched on a single menu screen using various navigational keys.
US07903087B2	Method for facilitating navigation and selection functionalities of a trackball incorporated upon a wireless handheld communication device Method an arrangement for facilitating the use of a trackball on a wireless handheld communication device as a navigation tool and a selection tool of designated information presented on a display screen of the device. A wireless handheld communication device is provided that has at a front face thereof a display screen located above a keyboard suitable for accommodating textual input. A depressible trackball functions as a navigation tool for moving a cursor about on the display screen when rolled and as a selection tool when sufficiently depressed. Cursor movement is affected by digitally engaging the trackball and maintaining the trackball in a navigation zone depth within the device. Selection of designated information is affected by depressing the trackball a predefined amount. The wireless handheld communication device is configured so that no cursor movement is affected by rolling movement of the trackball when in the selection zone.
US07903083B2	Mixed-mode encapsulated electrophoretic display for electronic device A substrate (104) has a region of conductor segments (110) and a matrix display driver (106) mounted on it. The matrix display driver is used for creating pixilated images or symbols, while the conductor segments are used for turning on or off iconic elements. An encapsulated electrophoretic display laminate (108) is mounted over both the matrix display driver and the region of conductor segments to form the mixed mode display.
US07903081B2	Backlight driver, display apparatus having the same and method of driving backlight A backlight driver includes an inverter controller, a dimming signal compensator and an inverter. The inverter controller generates a pulse width modulation signal in response to a control signal and outputs a first dimming signal that represents a duty ratio of the pulse width modulation signal and a second dimming signal that represents an amplitude of the pulse width modulation signal. The dimming signal compensator receives the first and second dimming signals, compares the first dimming signal with a predetermined reference duty ratio and compensates the second dimming signal in accordance with the compared result to generate a third dimming signal. The inverter outputs a driving voltage to drive the backlight and varies a voltage level of the driving voltage in response to the first and third dimming signals to control a brightness of the backlight.
US07903075B2	Image display apparatus An image display apparatus with a portion of a display substrate area, around a display section, being small, low in power consumption, and capable of effecting high-definition image display. A built-in memory configuration is provided wherein one unit of analogue image signal is generated on the basis of a memory cell signal selected by not less than two lengths of select metal interconnects form a select circuit, and outputted by not less than two lengths of signal metal interconnects. Memory cells of a built-in memory are disposed in staggered arrangement. Respective pixels of a display section include a pixel switch and a capacitor, and a gate of the pixel switch is connected to a vertical scanning circuit via a gate line.
US07903073B2	Display and method of transmitting image data therein A display is provided. The display includes a first timing controller, a second timing controller and drivers. The first timing controller receives and transmits a first portion of pixel values, in which the first portion of the pixel values includes the pixel values of at least two non-adjacent pixels. The second timing controller receives and transmits a second portion of the pixel values, in which the second portion of the pixel values includes the pixel values of at least two non-adjacent pixels. Each of the drivers receives respectively a part of the first portion of the pixel values transmitted by the first timing controller and a part of the second portion of the pixel values transmitted by the second timing controller. A method of transmitting image data in the display is also disclosed.
US07903071B2	Driver IC for display and display including same A driver IC for a display that includes a first D/A converter with a 1st selection circuit that receives 1st image signals and supplies a selected positive divisional voltage to a 1st operational amplifier, which supplies a positive pixel voltage by amplifying the selected positive divisional voltage; a 2nd D/A converter with a 2nd selection circuit that receives 2nd image signals and supplies a selected negative divisional voltage to a 2nd operational amplifier, which supplies a negative pixel voltage by amplifying the selected negative divisional voltage; and a polarity switching switch with 1st and 2nd switches connecting the 1st and 2nd D/A converters respectively, the polarity switching switch being switched to supply each of output terminals corresponding to the 1st and 2nd image signals alternately with the positive and negative pixel voltages every horizontal scan period by activating/inactivating the 1st and 2nd switches in a complementary manner.
US07903068B2	Liquid crystal display and driving method thereof The present invention provides a liquid crystal display including a plurality of pixel units defined by scanning lines and data lines. Each pixel unit includes two sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel includes a storage capacitor. The two storage capacitors in a pixel unit are connected to different voltage sources to modify the electric potential of the pixel electrodes.
US07903067B2	Driver chip and display apparatus having the same A driver chip includes a base body, input terminals, first output terminals and dummy terminals. The base body includes a face having first to fourth edge portions. The first and second edge portions are disposed in substantially parallel along a longitudinal side of the face, and the third and fourth edge portions are disposed in substantially parallel along a horizontal side of the face. The input terminals are formed on the first edge portion such that the input terminals are arranged along the longitudinal side. The first output terminals are formed on the second edge portion such that the first output terminals are arranged along the longitudinal side. The dummy terminals are formed such that the dummy terminals are disposed between the input terminals and the first output terminals. A warpage and defects of electrical connection between the driver chip and a display panel of the display apparatus are prevented.
US07903065B2	Liquid crystal display and driving method An optically compensated bend (OCB) mode liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a liquid crystal display having a first substrate, a first electrode forming on the first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a second electrode formed on the second substrate and facing the first electrode, a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second electrodes and filled with liquid crystals, and a plurality of charge supplying units supplying charges to the first electrode several times to apply a bend voltage for transiting an arrangement of the liquid crystals.
US07903064B2	Method and apparatus for correcting the output signal for a blanking period Based on each of video data repeatedly supplied to a pixel, a signal processing section generates video data (Dd) for an image display period to be supplied to the pixel and video data (Db) for a blanking period to be supplied to the pixel, and outputs the video data (Dd) and (Db) in a predetermined order. Further, when a gradation transition from a gradation indicated by previous video data (D(i,j,k−2)) supplied to the pixel to a gradation indicated by current video data (D(i,j,k)) supplied to the pixel indicates an increase in luminance, a generating circuit for a blanking period of the signal processing section outputs video data indicative of a gradation which is increased compared with a gradation indicated by gradation data for a blanking period in a steady state, the video data thus outputted being regarded as video data (Db(i,j,k−1)) for a blanking period. This allows for providing a display device capable of displaying moving images with high quality.
US07903058B1	Forward LED voltage monitoring for optimizing energy efficient operation of an LED driver circuit A circuit and method for monitoring the forward voltage for a plurality of LEDs in a battery powered device so that the gain in the LED driver circuit can be switched at a point that optimizes the energy provided by the battery. The invention provides for sensing each LED's voltage, VLED, and determining the maximum forward voltage, VLEDmax, between the plurality of LEDs. The invention uses the knowledge of VLEDmax in conjunction with VIN, converter output resistance and LED current, and current source/sink minimum headroom to switch from an initial gain to some higher gain just before the current sinks/sources would drop out, or from a higher gain to a lower gain in the event of the battery voltage going back to a voltage close to its initial value after being momentarily pulled down by a heavy load.
US07903057B2	Display apparatus and driving method therefor A sampling transistor T1 is brought into conduction in accordance with a control signal supplied from a scanning line WS, and writes to a holding capacitor C1 a video signal supplied from a signal line SL. A driving transistor T2 outputs a driving current to an output node S in accordance with a signal potential of the video signal written to the holding capacitor C1. A switching transistor T3 is arranged between the output node S and a light-emitting device EL. In a predetermined light-emission period, the switching transistor T3 is in an on-state, and supplies the driving current to the light-emitting device EL to cause the light-emitting device EL to emit light at a brightness corresponding to the video signal. In contrast, in a non-light-emission period, the switching transistor T3 is turned off to disconnect the light-emitting device EL from the output node S, so that a potential generated at the output node S due to an operation of a pixel 2 performed in the non-light-emission period is prevented from being applied as a reverse-bias voltage to the light-emitting device EL of a diode type.
US7903054B2	Active matrix substrate, display device, television apparatus, manufacturing method of an active matrix substrate, and manufacturing method of a display device An active matrix substrate includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix pattern and each forming a pixel; a plurality of gate lines each provided between the corresponding pixel electrodes and extending in parallel with each other; a plurality of first source lines each provided between the corresponding pixel electrodes and extending in a direction crossing an extending direction of the gate lines; a plurality of TFTs provided corresponding to the respective pixel electrodes and connected to the respective pixel electrodes, the respective gate lines, and the respective first source lines; a plurality of capacitor lines each provided between the corresponding gate lines and extending in parallel with each other; and a plurality of second source lines each provided between the corresponding pixel electrodes and extending in parallel with the first source lines.
US07903051B2	Electro-luminescence display device and driving method thereof An electro-luminescence display device and a driving method thereof for assuring a high aperture ratio are disclosed. In the device, a plurality of pixel cells is arranged in a matrix type. A plurality of data electrodes applies video signals to the pixel cells. A plurality of gate lines are connected to the pixel cells positioned adjacently to each other at the upper/lower sides thereof in such a manner to cross the data electrodes.
US07903050B2	Image display apparatus and driving method thereof In a conventional image display apparatus, since display load ratios for respective lines are different, voltage drop amounts are also different and a difference in brightness occurs in spite of giving the same inputted luminance signal, so that image quality of display image is degraded. In the case where signals at the same luminance level are inputted and displayed, for a pixel on a display panel, an ON pattern of a subfield in one field is changed when a line load ratio of a line including the pixel is changed. That is, an image display apparatus using a display panel having a plurality of pixels is configured so as to include, for each of the plurality of pixels connected to one driving electrode, a load calculating means that calculates the load ratio and a luminance correcting means that calculates a drop amount in luminance level of an inputted video signal for correction.
US07903049B2	Apparatus and a method for illuminating a light-sensitive medium The invention relates to an illumination unit for point illumination of a medium comprising a plurality of light emitters in the form of light guides, which are arranged to illuminate at least one illumination face via a light valve arrangement, said light valve arrangement comprising a plurality of electrically controlled light valves, at least one of the light emitters (1) being arranged to illuminate a plurality of light valves.
US07903048B2	Information display apparatus and navigation apparatus In an information display apparatus such as a head-up display, while safety is being secured, visibility from a user is improved. Image data having an object such as an arrow showing an advancing direction or a road sign drawn on it are generated as information to be given to the user by a display information generating section 12 and is output to a projector 13. When a light beam R1 corresponding to the image data is emitted from the projector 13 to a combiner 14, reflected light of the light beam R1 and transmitted light of external light R2 are combined in the combiner 14, so as to be viewed by the user. At this time, the display information generating section 12 outputs coordinate values showing a display position of the object to a transmittance control section 16, and the transmittance control section 16 specifies a display region of the object based on the coordinate values, and reduces the transmittance in the specified region of the light control panel 15 so as to reduce a transmitting amount of the external light R2.
US07903041B2	Magnetic antenna apparatus and method for generating a magnetic field The present invention relates to a magnetic transmit antenna apparatus comprising: a toroidal core transformer having a primary winding inductively coupled to a secondary winding supplying a low voltage and high current to a magnetic transmit antenna wherein the magnetic transmit antenna includes a wire loop having multiple turns for generating a magnetic field. The toroidal core transformer includes a primary winding that operates in association with the secondary winding to match the impedance of a signal source to the magnetic transmit antenna.
US07903035B2	Internal antenna and methods An internal antenna especially aimed at flat radio devices. The antenna (200) comprises a planar radiator (220) with a branch (221) for forming a lower operating band for the antenna and a second branch (222) for forming an upper operating band. The branches typically form a frame-like pattern. There remains a slot (230) between the branches, opening to the outer edge of the radiator approximately in the middle of the edge running in the direction of the end of the circuit board (205) and being outside the circuit board as seen from above. The omnidirectional radiation of the antenna on its upper operating band improves as compared to the corresponding, known antennas, and its efficiency improves, because the average antenna gain increases.
US07903034B2	Antenna set, portable wireless device, and use of a conductive element for tuning the ground-plane of the antenna set An antenna set comprising at least one antenna element and a ground plane, is complemented by a conductive element coupled to the ground plane, so as to modify the frequency performance of the antenna set, adding an operating band to the antenna set, and/or increasing the bandwidth of one operating band of the antenna set, and/or enhancing voltage standing wave ration, efficiency and/or gain of the antenna set. Thus, the conductive element can be used to tune the antenna set in accordance with specific requirements concerning, for example, compatibility with different wireless services.
US07903029B2	Wireless location routing applications and architecture therefor A system for wirelessly locating mobile station/units (MS) and using resulting location determinations for providing a product or service is disclosed. The system is useful for routing an MS user to a plurality of desired locations, alerting an MS user to a nearby desired product or service based on satisfaction of user criteria, and providing enhanced security and 911 response. In one embodiment, the system responds to MS location requests via, e.g., Internet communication between a distributed network of location processing sites. A plurality of locating technologies including those based on: (1) TDOA; (2) pattern recognition; (3) timing advance; (5) GPS and network assisted GPS, (6) angle of arrival, (7) super resolution enhancements, and (8) supplemental information from low cost base stations can be activated, in various combinations, by system embodiments. MS location difficulties resulting from poor location accuracy/reliability and/or poor coverage are alleviated via such technologies in combination with automatically adapting and calibrating system performance according to environmental and geographical changes so that the system becomes progressively more comprehensive and accurate. Further, the system can be modularly configured for use in location signaling environments ranging from urban, dense urban, suburban, rural, mountain to low traffic or isolated roadways. Accordingly, the system is useful for 911 emergency calls, tracking, routing, people and animal location including applications for confinement to and exclusion from certain areas.
US07903028B2	Ephemeris download from weak signals The present invention provides systems and methods for downloading navigation data to a satellite receiver under weak signal conditions. In an embodiment, the receiver uses a tracking algorithm to estimate the Doppler frequency and rate of change of the Doppler frequency to compensate the phases of the I/Q samples from the received signal to reduce the effect of the Doppler frequency. In an embodiment, differential detection based data bit decoding is provided. In another embodiment, phase compensation based data bit decoding is provided, in which the phase of samples are rotated to compensate for phase error. In an embodiment, a multiple frame strategy is provided to increase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and improve sensitivity, in which similar placed samples in consecutive frames are coherently summed over the consecutive frames. In an embodiment, the samples are weighted to reduce the impact of noise in the multiple frame strategy.
US07903026B2	Positioning apparatus and positioning apparatus control method The positioning apparatus and position apparatus control method are able to efficiently receive useful signals without special circuitry. Positioning apparatus 100 has first signal processing section 121 that carries out demodulation processing on the first signal transmitted from a satellite and second signal processing section 122 that carries out demodulation processing on the second signal of a different frequency band and spreading scheme from the first signal, and controlling section 104 controls the operation for the signal of the lower electric field intensity based on operations for the signal of the higher electric field intensity between first signal processing section 121 and second signal processing section 122, and carries out control to preferentially operate the channel for the signal of the higher electric field intensity between first signal processing section 121 and second signal processing section 122 and to preferentially stop the operation of the channels for the signal of the lower electric field intensity.
US07903023B2	Obstacle detection system notably for an anticollision system The present invention relates to system for detecting obstacles (13, 55, 56, 57) on the ground (15) onboard a carrier (1). The detection system comprises at least two continuous-wave radars (2, 3, 4). The radars (2, 3, 4) are linked to a system (15) for utilizing the detection data arising from the radars (2, 3, 4). The detection system performs localization of an obstacle (13, 55, 56, 57): along a radial axis (12) between a radar (2, 3, 4) and the obstacle (13, 55, 56, 57), by calculating the distance between the radar (2, 3, 4) and the obstacle (13, 55, 56, 57); along a vertical axis (14) with respect to a radar (2, 3, 4), by calculating the elevation of the obstacle (13, 55, 56, 57) using monopulse deviation-measurement processing. The detection system performs localization of an obstacles along a horizontal axis (18) transverse with respect to a sighting axis (11) of a radar (2, 3, 4), by calculating the azimuthal position of the obstacle (13, 55, 56, 57). The invention applies notably in respect of the detection of obstacles on the ground so as to avoid any collision between a taxiing aircraft and these obstacles.
US07903020B2	System and methods for remote sensing using double-sideband signals A sensing system is provided that includes a transceiver. The transceiver includes a transmitter chain that transmits a double-sideband signal having first and second frequency components, and a receiving chain that receives the double-sideband signal after it is reflected by a target. The system further includes a baseband circuit for extracting information content from the received double-sideband signal. A separation between a first frequency of the first frequency component and a second frequency of the second frequency component causes a spike in a signal response generated by one sideband of the received double-sideband signal to substantially overlap a null point of a signal response generated by the other sideband of the received double-sideband signal.
US07903018B2	Analog/digital converter assembly and corresponding method An analogue/digital converter arrangement and a method. A differential input voltage is converted by means of a differentially implemented capacitative voltage divider that comprises two programmable capacitor banks (3, 4), and with the aid of the comparator (6) into a digital output signal.
US07903015B1	Cascaded DAC architecture with pulse width modulation An embodiment of the invention provides one or more cascade circuits that are cascaded together to form a cascaded circuit. The cascaded circuit reduces noise at an analog output of the cascaded circuit. Each of the cascade circuits contains a noise-shaping circuit, a PCM (Pulse Code Modulation)-to-PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) converter and a 1-bit P-tap AFIR (Analog Finite Impulse Response) filter DAC. Noise at the output of the cascaded circuit may be further reduced by increasing the number of cascade circuits.
US07903014B1	Techniques to improve differential non-linearity in R-2R circuits A circuit and corresponding method are presented for generating an analog voltage from a digital input value is presented. An digital to analog conversion circuit, which is connected between a node and ground, receives an N-bit digital input value and generate from it a corresponding analog voltage. The node receives an input voltage provided by an op-amp connected to receive a reference voltage. The circuit also includes a variable resistance connected between the first node and ground in parallel with the digital to analog conversion circuit. The variable resistance is also connected to receive one or more of the digital input value and the value of the variable resistance is dependent upon the digital input values such that the combined current drawn from the first node by the variable resistance and the digital to analog conversion circuit is essentially constant during operation.
US07903013B2	Semiconductor device Operating speed as well as output accuracy of a D-A converter is enhanced. With a semiconductor device including unit current sources, and unit current source switches, plural current source elements constituting each of the unit current sources are disposed so as to be evenly dispersed, thereby reducing errors of the current source element, dependent on distance while the unit current source switches are concentratedly disposed in a small region, thereby mitigating delay in operation, attributable to parasitic capacitance. In addition, with the semiconductor device including R2R resistance ladders, the R2R resistance ladder is provided on the positive and the negative of each of the unit current source switches, and the respective R2R resistance ladders are shorted with each other at respective nodes on a unit current source switch-by-unit current source switch basis, are rendered identical in length, thereby cancelling out a nonlinearity error attributable to wiring parasitic resistance.
US07903006B2	Automatic power control system for optical disc drive and method thereof An automatic power control system, a down sampling circuit and a down sampling method. The automatic power control system is incorporated in an optical disc drive comprising a laser diode for receiving a control signal to generate a laser beam; and a photodetector for detecting the laser beam to generate an analog input signal. The automatic power control system comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a down sampling circuit, a comparator, and a digital-to-analog converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts the analog input signal to digital data. The down sampling circuit, coupled to the analog-to-digital converter, comprises a down sampler, a counter, and a controller. The down sampler receives a predetermined amount of digital data to generate representation data. The counter, coupled to the down sampler, calculates the amount of digital data, and resets the down sampler when the amount equals or exceeds the predetermined count. The controller, coupled to the counter, disables the counter when the digital data is invalid. The comparator, coupled to the down sampling circuit, compares the representation data with predetermined target data to generate error data. The digital-to-analog converter, coupled to the comparator, converts the error data to analog to generate the control signal.
US07903005B2	Method of transforming geographic coordinate A method of transforming a geographic coordinate to a geographic location code includes the steps of: retrieving a latitude value and a longitude value of the geographic coordinate; quantizing the latitude value to a first integer value; quantizing the longitude value to a second integer value; converting the first integer value to a first code string, said first code string including a first digit representing a non-numeric character, a second digit representing a non-numeric character, and a third digit representing a numeric character; converting the second integer value to a second code string, said second code string including a fourth digit representing a non-numeric character, a fifth digit representing a non-numeric character, and a sixth digit representing a numeric character; and combining the first code string and the second code string to obtain the geographic location code having a fixed pattern of radix in a mixed radix notation system representation.
US07902998B2	Remotely-controlled traffic control system A system and apparatus controls the movement of vehicles such as highway traffic. The system includes a plurality of inorganic entities which simulate mammalian figures and control apparatus which is operatively associated with the mammalian figures such as to control their respective movement upon activation by an activation assembly. A system actuating means is provided whereby upon selected system actuation the mammalian figures are caused to issue signals to effectively control the movement or arrest of traffic within the effective area of operation of the system.
US07902992B2	Status indicator The sensitivity and accuracy of a status indicator for sensing a current in an electrical circuit is improved by shifting the reference level of the transformer output to maximize the input signal to a precision voltage detector and by reducing the hysteresis of the status indicator by balancing the burden of the current transformer during the positive and negative alternations of the AC signal and by driving secondary loads with a voltage to current converter.
US07902990B2	Battery and power management for industrial inspection handset An industrial inspection handset is disclosed, comprising a battery assembly for providing power to the handset, wherein the battery assembly comprises a connector for connecting a battery charger, a battery circuit for communicating with a processor in the handset, and a battery charge indicator on the surface of the battery assembly connected to the battery circuit for providing a visual indication of the charge remaining in the battery assembly. A method of power management for an industrial inspection handset is also disclosed comprising the steps of setting a first maximum power output value for the camera illumination for the insertion, monitoring an imager signal processor, to determine that the gain value of the image signal processor is less than a predetermined gain value, and setting a lower second maximum power output value for the camera illumination in order to increase the gain value. Additional methods of power management for an industrial inspection handset are disclosed, comprising the steps of setting a first maximum power output value for the articulation of the insertion tube attached to the handset, monitoring the operator controls to determine that there has been no articulation for a first predetermined amount of time, monitoring the position of the insertion tube to determine whether the insertion tube position is inside or outside of a predetermined zone of coordinates, and reducing or turning off the articulation power to hold the position of the insertion tube.
US07902988B2	Illuminance sensor for vehicle An illuminance sensor for detecting brightness of outside a vehicle having a windshield includes first and second light receiving elements and a light emitting element for emitting light to the windshield. The first light receiving element outputs a first signal corresponding to outside light. The light emitted from the light emitting element is reflected at an outside surface of the windshield. The second light receiving element outputs a second signal corresponding to the reflected light. The outside light passes a first region of the windshield through which the light emitted from the light emitting element passes or a second region of the windshield through which the reflected light passes. The first signal is corrected based on the second signal to detect the brightness.
US07902985B2	Gateway radio frequency identification tag system The specification describes a new architecture for RFID systems that is adapted to process large numbers of RFID tags and provide information about a large number of items. The system provides for multiple tag readers. The tag readers are active and have both transmit and receive capability. The system includes a gateway tag that receives information about individual items from the multiple readers and thus contains data on the entire inventory of items. This allows each of the multiple readers to conveniently access data for the entire inventory of items.
US07902983B2	RFID tag An RFID tag includes: a sheet-like base; an antenna provided on the base and extending along the base; a circuit chip mounted on the base and connected to the antenna for performing radio communication through the antenna; a protection body wider than the circuit chip and narrower than the antenna, which is located at least either above the circuit chip or on a backside of the circuit chip with the base interposed therebetween for protecting the circuit chip; and a connection section provided as a portion of the antenna at a location where an edge of the protection body and the antenna intersect with each other as viewed from a direction intersecting with a surface of the base, which includes one or more conductor patterns narrower than other portion of the antenna, and which connects inner and outer antenna portions of the edge with each other.
US07902982B2	RFID interrogator and RFID-interrogator control method A nonresponse-ratio determining unit determines, after starting a signal transmission to an electronic tag, whether a ratio of number of nonresponses from the electronic tag exceeded a predetermined value in a first predetermined period. A signal-transmission terminating unit terminates, when it is determined that the ratio of the number of nonresponses exceeded the predetermined value, the signal transmission for a second predetermined period. A radio-frequency-identification interrogator performs, after a lapse of the second predetermined period, a communication-channel selecting process for restarting the signal transmission to the electronic tag.
US07902970B2	Personal radio location system Methods and apparatus for using an energy emanating device to find a person (17a,b) or an object based on preselected attributes (33) stored in the energy emanating device (10) are disclosed.
US07902969B2	Technique for operating a vehicle effectively and safely A control system is employed in a vehicle to assist a user to operate the vehicle effectively and safely. In accordance with the invention, the system provides driving assistance to the user by taking into account the user's physical condition, the vehicle condition and the surrounding conditions. The surrounding conditions include, e.g., road, weather and traffic conditions, external to the vehicle. The vehicle condition concerns the conditions of the brakes, steering, tires, radiator, etc. of the vehicle. Signs of fatigue, stress and illness of the user are monitored by the control system to assess the user's physical condition.
US07902962B2	Cart-based visibility system A cart has at least three wheels. It has one or more loop antennas, and a radio transceiver connected with the antennas. The antennas and transceiver operate at a frequency lower than 1 megahertz. The loop antennas are each at least 0.2 square meters in area. The cart is moved to an area such as a room, and the transceiver communicates with various RF tags in the room. Because of the antenna configuration, the portion of spectrum employed, and the power levels used, the cart is able to communicate with most if not all of the RF tags in the room. The cart can then be moved to another area such as another room, and the process repeated. In this way an inventory of tags can be made without expensive permanently installed infrastructure. The system is robust against interferers such as large metal objects and intervening objects.
US07902960B2	Door lock mechanism controller and method of controlling door lock mechanism A door lock mechanism controller includes a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device transmits a first radio signal to a first communication terminal through a first antenna so as to receive authentication information for operating a door lock mechanism. The second communication device transmits/receives a radio signal to/from a second communication terminal so as to receive authentication information for operating the door lock mechanism. A control prevents operation of an actuator based on the authentication information received by the second antenna, when the first radio signal is transmitted by the first antenna.
US07902956B2	Filtering choke arrangement A polyphase filtering choke arrangement of a power electronics appliance, more particularly of a frequency converter. which arrangement comprises two separate magnetic cores, around both of which a polyphase winding is arranged, particularly for filtering the harmonics of a network current and the common-mode noise currents, wherein both the magnetic cores (1, 2, 101a-101c, 102a-102c, 130a-130d, 140a-140d) are shaped to form a closed magnetic circuit, the magnetic cores (1 and 2, 101a-101c and 102a-102c, 130a-130d and 140a-140d) are arranged one on top of the other, the magnetic cores are connected to each other with connecting pieces (11-13, 11a-13b, 111-113, 121-124), and the winding directions of the windings of the magnetic cores are opposing with respect to each other, in which case the fluxes produced in the magnetic cores of each current are of opposing directions, in which case the flux produced by the difference-mode current circulates via the connecting pieces from one magnetic core to another.
US07902955B2	Providing an inductive coupler assembly having discrete ferromagnetic segments An inductive coupler assembly has a first coupler having a first support structure and plural discrete first ferromagnetic segments supported by the first support structure, and a second coupler to inductively couple to the first coupler, the second coupler having a second support structure and plural discrete ferromagnetic segments supported by the second support structure.
US07902953B1	Method and apparatus for improving inductor performance using multiple strands with transposition A spiral inductor includes a winding that includes a plurality of strands. The spiral inductor also includes a plurality of tracks where a first set of tracks is positioned adjacent to one another on a first of layer and a second set of tracks is positioned adjacent to one another on a second layer. Each of the plurality of tracks is capable of supporting one of the plurality of strands. The spiral inductor also includes a plurality of crossing segments to transpose one or more of the plurality of strands to each of the plurality of tracks, wherein each of the plurality of strands is electrically isolated from the other plurality of strands.
US07902952B2	Shared reactor transformer In order to additionally furnish the transformer with the reactor capability easily without having to change the structure of the transformer, a transformer is formed by winding an input-side coil 1b and output-side coils 1a and 1c around a shell-type iron core 2 so that voltages are induced in the output-side coils 1a and 1c by magnetic fluxes generated by a voltage applied on the input-side coil 1b, and two reactor coils 3a and 3b having the same winding number in the opposite winding directions and making a pair are wound around the shell-type iron core 2. A shared reactor transformer as a whole is thus formed.
US07902951B2	Hermetically sealed electrical apparatus An electric apparatus, preferably a transformer, is hermetically sealed and filled with a dielectric liquid. Devices for recording heat-related volume variations of the dielectric liquid are contained in the apparatus. Volume variations are compensated with the aid of a gas cushion, which is thermally uncoupled from the dielectric liquid. The largest part of the gas cushion is arranged in a container separated from the dielectric liquid expansion tank. All the components of volume compensating devices are constructed in such a way that the operation of used monitoring devices, in particular, also the protection against Buchholz relays waves is maintained. The invention makes it possible to hermetically seal the transformer, thereby substantially reducing the aging of the dielectric liquid and the cellulose-based insulating material of the apparatus. Furthermore, the inventive device makes it possible to avoid the use of air-dehumidifiers and respective conduits.
US07902949B2	Electric power connection part of magnetic clutch field coil assembly The present invention relates to an electric power connection part of an electromagnetic cluth field coil assembly coupled with a vehicle compressor.Since the electric power connection part has the discharge device and/or the magnetic field elimination device and the terminal which are integrally formed by injection molding in the housing assembly of a electromagnetic cluth field coil assembly, it is possible to rapidly and facilely perform the assembling process, increase the productivity and also reduce fabricating costs.
US07902948B2	Switching device, in particular a power switching device, having two pairs of series-connected switching contacts for interrupting a conducting path A switching device, in particular a power switching device, has two pairs of series-connected switching contacts for interrupting a conducting path and at least one quenching packet, disposed near the pairs of switching contacts, for quenching the arcs occurring when the conducting path opens. The pairs of switching contacts are arranged such that their opening paths are substantially mutually parallel or antiparallel. The pairs of switching contacts are connected in series such that the same current flowing in both arcs flows spatially in the same direction. The quenching packet is disposed in the area between the opening paths.
US07902944B2	Stacked resonator Provided are a stacked resonator capable of achieving miniaturization and minimum loss, and a stacked resonator capable of suppressing any unnecessary resonance mode due to interdigital-coupling. The stacked resonator includes a first conductor group having a plurality of conductor lines in a stacking arrangement, and a second conductor group having a plurality of other conductor lines in a stacking arrangement so as to be alternately provided opposing to the conductor lines in the first conductor group, thereby establishing an interdigital-coupling together with the first conductor group.
US07902936B2	Method and apparatus for generating oscillating signals An apparatus for generating an oscillating signal that includes a circuit to accelerate the time in which an oscillating signal reaches a defined steady-state condition from a cold start. The apparatus includes an oscillating circuit to generate an oscillating signal; a first circuit to supply a first current to the oscillating circuit; and a second circuit to supply a second current to the oscillating circuit, wherein the first and second currents are adapted to reduce the time duration for the oscillating signal to reach a defined steady-state condition. The apparatus may be useful in communication systems that use low duty cycle pulse modulation to establish one or more communications channels, whereby the apparatus begins generating an oscillating signal at approximately the beginning of the pulse and terminates the oscillating signal at approximately the end of the pulse.
US07902934B2	Variable inductor, and oscillator and communication system using the same There are provided a variable inductor with little degradation in quality factor, and an oscillator and a communication system using the variable inductor. An inductance controller comprising a reactance device with a variable device value, such as, for example, a variable capacitor, is connected to a secondary inductor, magnetically coupled to a primary inductor through mutual inductance. The inductance controller is provided with an inductance control terminal for receiving a control signal for controlling capacitance of the variable capacitor. Inductance of the primary inductor is varied by varying the capacitance by the control signal.
US07902933B1	Oscillator circuit Described is a circuit comprising an oscillator, an amplifier unit and a control unit. The amplifier unit is coupled to the oscillator and to the control unit; and the control unit is arranged to regulate a load capacitance to the oscillator at startup.
US07902929B2	Analogue self-calibration method and apparatus for low noise, fast and wide-locking range phase locked loop A method of operating a phase lock loop includes generating a control voltage based on both an output signal of a voltage-controlled oscillator and a reference signal. An operating mode is selected from one of a high-gain mode, a zero-gain mode and a low-gain mode based on the control voltage. The phase lock loop is operated in the selected one of the high-gain mode, the zero-gain mode, and the low-gain mode. The control voltage is offset to generate an offset voltage based on the selected operating mode. The output signal is generated based on the offset voltage.
US07902928B2	Phase-locked circuit employing capacitance multiplication A phase-locked loop circuit. The phase-locked loop circuit comprises a phase detector, a proportional charge pump, a decimator, an integral charge pimp, and a voltage-controlled oscillator. The phase detector obtains an phase error information according to a phase difference between a reference signal and a clock signal input to the phase detector. The proportional charge pump coupled to the phase detector generates a first voltage according to the phase error information. The decimator generates a decimated version of the phase error information by a decimation factor of N. The integral charge pump generates a second voltage according to the decimated version of the phase error information. The voltage-controlled oscillator generating the clock signal according to a combination of the first and second voltages.
US07902926B2	Communication system and oscillation signal provision method An embodiment of a communication system is provided, in which a high frequency oscillator generates a first high frequency signal upon receipt of no disable signal. The first high frequency signal is commonly shared by at least two modules. Each module coupled to the high frequency oscillator operates in either busy or idle mode, wherein the module operates at the first high frequency signal when in busy mode, and asserts a request signal when in idle mode. A disablement unit, coupled to the first and second modules, asserts the disable signal to the high frequency oscillator when all of the request signals are asserted, thereby forcing the high frequency oscillator to cease the generation of the first high frequency signal.
US07902922B2	Feedforward amplifier and control method thereof In a feedforward amplifier (200) including a signal cancellation circuit (10) and a distortion eliminating circuit (20), a harmonic reaction amplifier (130) is used as a main amplifier of the signal cancellation circuit. A controller (43) obtains an adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR) and a power efficiency from an output of the feedforward amplifier (200) and controls the gate bias voltages of two transistors (33A and 33B) of the harmonic reaction amplifier (130) to maximize the power efficiency under the condition that the ACLR is less than or equal to a reference value.
US07902907B2	Compensation capacitor network for divided diffused resistors for a voltage divider A voltage divider of a voltage regulator system is disclosed utilizing divided diffused resistors. In one embodiment, a feed-forward capacitor network is connected across the resistors and the voltage divider output. The feed-forward capacitor network allows the output to rise and fall quickly with a change in the voltage divider input. Accordingly, an improved frequency response should be obtained utilizing divided diffused resistors.
US07902905B2	Booster circuit and voltage supply circuit A voltage supply circuit includes a booster circuit and a ripple filter circuit. The ripple filter circuit has a first resistor connected to a first output terminal at one end thereof. The ripple filter circuit also has a first switch circuit connected between the other end of the first resistor and a second output terminal. In addition, the ripple filter circuit has a second switch circuit connected between the first output terminal of the booster circuit and the first switch circuit.
US07902899B2	Apparatus and method of generating reference clock for DLL circuit An apparatus for generating a reference clock for a DLL circuit includes a buffering unit configured to buffer an external clock so as to generate a first reference clock and a second reference clock, and to invert the second reference clock so as to generate a negative second reference clock. A duty cycle compensating unit generates a reference clock from the first reference clock and the negative second reference clock.
US07902895B2	Semiconductor device equipped with a pull-down circuit Provided is a semiconductor device equipped with a pull-down circuit capable of reducing its area. The pull-down circuit is formed of a depletion type NMOS transistor in which a gate thereof is connected to a ground potential, and an enhancement type NMOS transistor in which a gate and a drain thereof are connected to a source of the depletion type NMOS transistor and a source thereof is connected to the ground potential. An overdrive voltage of the depletion type NMOS transistor is reduced by a threshold voltage of the enhancement type NMOS transistor, whereby a size of the depletion type NMOS transistor can be reduced. Accordingly, an area of the pull-down circuit can be reduced.
US07902891B1	Two point modulator using voltage control oscillator and calibration processing method A two-point modulator using a voltage control oscillator includes: a modulation section including a feedback circuit for performing feedback control of a signal outputted from the voltage control oscillator based on an inputted modulated signal, and a feedforward circuit for calibrating the modulated signal and outputting the calibrated modulated signal to the voltage control oscillator; a signal output section for, upon calibration processing, outputting a predetermined reference signal in place of the modulated signal, to the modulation section; and a gain correction section for, in a state where the feedback circuit is in an open loop state, calculating a frequency transition amount of the reference signal outputted from the voltage control oscillator, and correcting a gain used for calibration of the modulated signal performed by the feedforward circuit, based on the calculated frequency transition amount.
US07902890B2	Locked loop circuit with clock hold function A locked loop circuit having a clock hold function. The locked loop circuit includes a select circuit, phase mixing circuit, hold signal generator and latch circuit. The select circuit selects one of a plurality of phase values in response to a select signal, and the phase mixing circuit generates a first clock signal having a phase angle according to the selected phase value. The hold signal generator asserts a hold signal in response to a transition of the select signal, and the latch circuit latches the state of the first clock signal in response to assertion of the hold signal.
US07902889B2	Delay locked loop A delay locked loop includes a buffer for outputting an internal clock by buffering an external clock, a delay block for delaying the internal clock in response to one of control signals or a selection signal, thereby outputting a delayed clock, a control signal generation block for generating at least one control signal according to a phase difference between the internal clock and a feedback clock generated by delaying the delayed clock by a delay time taken for the internal clock to be output, a selection block for outputting at least one selection signal in response to a signal instructing an off mode of the delay locked loop, thereby controlling a delay time in the delay block, and an output driver for driving the delayed clock.
US07902887B2	Method and apparatus for tuning phase of clock signal A method and apparatus for tuning a phase of a data clock signal having a different frequency than a main clock signal. The method of tuning includes coarse tuning by receiving the data clock signal, dividing the data clock signal to generate a frequency-divided clock signal having a same frequency as the main clock signal, repeatedly shifting the frequency-divided clock signal to generate multiphase frequency-divided clock signals at a predetermined phase interval, comparing a phase of each of the multiphase frequency-divided clock signals with a phase of the main clock signal, and determining a phase shift amount based on a comparison result, and fine tuning by comparing a phase of a multiphase frequency-divided clock signal corresponding to the phase shift amount with the phase of the main clock signal and adjusting the phase of the data clock signal by a predetermined phase step based on the comparison result.
US07902884B2	H-bridge circuit An H-bridge circuit includes a lower-arm field-effect transistor and a current supplying element that turns on when the drain of the lower-arm field-effect transistor is negatively biased due to regenerative current. When turned on, the current supplying element conducts current from the source to the drain of the lower-arm field-effect transistor, in parallel with a parasitic diode inherent in the lower-arm field effect transistor. The current supplying element competes with other parasitic elements that conduct current from peripheral circuitry to the drain of the lower-arm field-effect transistor, thereby reducing the amount of such current drawn through the peripheral circuitry and lessening the impact of the regenerative current on the peripheral circuits.
US07902882B2	Apparatus including a follower output buffer having an output impedance that adapts to a transmission line impedance Embodiments include but are not limited to apparatuses and systems including an output buffer including an input terminal for receiving an input signal, an output terminal for outputting an output signal, and a follower circuit coupling the input terminal and the output terminal, the follower circuit including at least one set of an NMOS transistor and a PMOS transistor, a drain terminal of the NMOS transistor coupled to a local supply voltage, and a drain terminal of the PMOS transistor coupled to a local ground voltage. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.
US07902879B2	Field programmable gate array utilizing dedicated memory stacks in a vertical layer format A field programmable gate array, an access lead network coupled to the FPGA, and a plurality of memories electrically coupled to the access lead network. The FPGA, access lead network, and plurality of memories are arranged and configured to operate with a variable word width, namely with a word width between 1 and a maximum number of bits. The absolute maximum word width may be as large as m*N where m is the number of word width bits per memory chip and N is the number of memory chips.
US07902878B2	Clock gating system and method A clock gating system and method is disclosed. In a particular embodiment, the system includes an input logic circuit having at least one input to receive at least one input signal and having an output at an internal enable node. A keeper circuit includes at least one switching element that is responsive to a gated clock signal and is coupled to the internal enable node to selectively hold a logical voltage level at the internal enable node. The system further includes a gating element responsive to an input clock signal and to the logical voltage level at the internal enable node to generate the gated clock signal.
US07902875B2	Output slew rate control This document discusses, among other things, output slew rate control. Methods and structures are described to provide slew rate control of an output driver circuit such as a DRAM output driver on a die. A selectable combination of series coupled transistors are configured as a parallel array of complementary inverter pairs to provide a divided voltage to a calibrator. The calibrator is configured to respond to a differential voltage to adjust the divided voltage such that the differential voltage is forced to zero. The calibrator outputs a plurality of discrete signals from an up/down counter to switch on and off the individual transistors of the parallel array to increase and decrease a collective current. In some embodiments, transistor channel currents are modulated to step-adjust a voltage based on a ratio associated with a static resistance. In various embodiments, the divided voltage is an analog voltage based on a resistance associated with trim circuitry.
US07902873B2	Semiconductor chip and semiconductor device A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor chip operating at a first power supply voltage and a second semiconductor chip operating at a second power supply voltage lower than the first power supply voltage to supply the second power supply voltage to the first semiconductor chip. The semiconductor chips according to the present invention are conveniently used for fabrication of the semiconductor device. The first semiconductor chip includes an output circuit including a first transistor and a second transistor, interconnected in series and turned on or off complementarily. The output circuit outputs a signal to a first external output terminal. The first semiconductor chip also includes a third transistor connected in series with the first and second transistors and having a gate electrode connected to a second output terminal. The entire chip area is reduced, as compared with the case where plural semiconductor chips, operated at different operating voltages, are interconnected and used as such in a semiconductor device provided with an input/output buffer operating at a voltage different from the respective operating voltages resulting in an increased chip area.
US07902872B2	Data transmitters and methods thereof In a data transmitter, a main line driver circuit transmits an input signal to a receiver via a channel. A pre-emphasis circuit emphasizes a voltage level of the transmitted input signal, and a pre-emphasis controller controls the pre-emphasis circuit. The pre-emphasis controller adjusts a pre-emphasis level of the pre-emphasis circuit to increase an amount of current supplied to the channel at a transition time of the input signal in accordance with the transition condition of the channel.
US07902870B1	High speed level shifter circuit in advanced CMOS technology A level shifter circuit for shifting from a first voltage level technology (such as 0.9 volt) to a second level voltage technology (such as 3.3 volt) with increased switching speed. The increased speed is achieved by adding a boost circuit to the pull-up transistors to boost the switching speed and shut itself down after the transition. The level shifter circuit does not require intermediate level transistors or intermediate level voltage sources.
US07902867B2	Memristor crossbar neural interface A device includes an array of electrodes configured for attachment in or on the human head interconnected to control circuitry via a programmable crossbar signal processor having reconfigurable resistance states. In various embodiments the device may be used as a controller for a video game console, a robotic prosthesis, a portable electronic device, or a motor vehicle.
US07902863B1	Methods and apparatus for device-specific configuration of a programmable integrated circuit Methods and apparatus for configuring a programmable integrated circuit are described. In one example, a configuration stream having first data for programming first locations in a configuration memory and an instruction for referencing circuitry in the programmable integrated circuit is received. Second data is obtained from the circuitry based on the instruction. Second locations in the configuration memory are programmed in response to the second data.
US07902856B2	Semiconductor integrated circuit An exemplary aspect of the invention is to conduct delay tests under actual operating conditions for a semiconductor integrated circuit including multiple logic circuits operating based on clocks of different frequencies, without causing any inconveniences when a test clock is set to a high-frequency side or a low-frequency side. The semiconductor integrated circuit includes: a first logic block that operates based on a first clock; a second logic block that operates based on a second clock having a frequency different from that of the first clock; and a test circuit connected between the first logic block and the second logic block. The test circuit outputs an output of the first logic block set as a test target, without passing through the second logic block, and transmits an input value received without being passed through the first logic circuit, to the second logic circuit set as a test target.
US07902851B2	Hermeticity testing Electrical circuit apparatus and methods including hermeticity testing structures for testing the hermeticity of the electrical circuit apparatus.
US07902850B2	Versatile materials probe Disclosed is an electrical measurement probe including two probe blocks, each probe block having a connection face and a measurement face. Each probe block also includes a plurality of spring loaded pogo pins. Each pogo pin has a first end that extends to the connection face and a second end that protrudes from the measurement face. The two probe blocks are attached to a top plate. The top plate is attached to a face of each probe block opposite to the measurement face of the probe block.
US07902845B2	Inspection method and inspection apparatus There is established an easier inspection method with which it is not required to set up probes on wires. Also, there is provided an inspection apparatus using this inspection method. With the inspection apparatus or inspection method, primary coils of an inspection substrate and secondary coils of a device substrate are superimposed on each other so that a certain space is maintained therebetween. An AC signal is inputted into the primary coils, thereby generating an electromotive force in each secondary coil by electromagnetic induction. Then, each circuit provided on the device substrate is driven using the electromotive force and information possessed by an electromagnetic wave or electric field generated in this circuit is monitored, thereby detecting each defective spot.
US07902844B2	Voltage drop measurement circuit A voltage drop measurement circuit includes a voltage drop circuit to generate an output voltage and fluctuate the output voltage according to a fluctuation in a power supply voltage, where the output voltage being the power supply voltage dropped by a predetermined amount and a flip-flop to retain a flag indicating a drop in the power supply voltage according to the output voltage.
US07902839B2	Power-control device, electronic apparatus including the same, and method for activating electronic apparatus A sensor unit is configured to have an insulating case covering a mobile phone, a conductive substrate provided on the inner surface of the case, and a sensor electrode fixed on the surface of the conductive substrate. When a part of the human body of a user, such as a finger or a hand of the user, touches the surface of the case, a detection unit detects a change in capacitance provided between the human body and the conductive substrate. When it is determined that the user has touched the mobile phone, an activation signal is output and the operation mode of the mobile phone is set to a normal power mode in which power is automatically supplied. With this configuration, the operability of the mobile phone can be improved.
US07902838B2	Sensor device for determining a fluid property A sensor device (10) for making at least one determination regarding a selected characteristic of a fluid includes a support post (32) that is adapted to be exposed to the fluid. A capacitor has electrodes (66, 68) that are supported near one end of the support post (32). A housing (40) for containing electronics (120) is supported near an opposite end of the support post (32). In a disclosed arrangement, a level sensing element such as a conductive polymer rod is at least partially supported by the support post (32). A disclosed assembly procedure includes overmolding portions of the device onto other portions to provide stable and secure connections between the various portions of the assembly.
US07902836B2	Calibration device and calibration method for adjusting a directional-coupler measuring system A calibration device for adjusting the forward power and reflected power measured via a single measuring directional coupler which is connected to a high-frequency transmitter, the forward power that is attenuated with ak+x and decoupled being used as a reference value. The calibration device comprises a changeover switch that is embodied as a double switch and is connected to the control and display unit via a control wire. A control signal that actuates the changeover switch is transmitted by the control and display unit, whereby switching occurs from a measurement of the reflected power to a measurement of the forward power. The forward power and the reflected power are measured via the same measuring directional coupler and by means of the same measuring sensor which is composed of a low pass and a rectifier.
US07902833B2	Malfunction detecting circuit and malfunction detecting method for detecting malfunction of current-sensing resistor, and power converting system applying the malfunction detecting circuit A malfunction detecting circuit for detecting malfunction of a current sensing resistor includes a reference-voltage generating circuit and a comparing circuit, wherein the reference-voltage generating circuit is utilized to generate a reference voltage signal varying with the on time period of a power switch of a power converting system. The comparing circuit compares a sensing voltage signal corresponding to a current flowing through the current sensing resistor with the reference voltage signal to generate a comparing result indicating whether the malfunction occurs.
US07902832B2	Antenna cable break detector for construction machine wireless communication apparatus and construction machine wireless communication apparatus An antenna cable break detector used with a construction machine wireless communication apparatus to detect a break in an antenna cable. The antenna cable 4 includes a central wire 6 and an armor wire 7 that is positioned concentrically outside the central wire. One end of the central wire and the armor wire is connected to a communication device. The other end of the central wire is connected to an antenna 3. The other end of the armor wire is grounded. The antenna cable break detector has a direct current shutoff device that is connected to the armor wire to shut off the flow of direct current 15 from the armor wire to the communication device. There is also a current shutoff detection device that is connected to the armor wire to detect the shutoff of the flow of a direct current to the armor wire.
US07902831B2	Methods of performing electrostatic discharge testing on a payment card Methods of performing electrostatic discharge testing on a transaction card are disclosed. A transaction card may be placed on an insulated surface. A grounding probe may be placed at a first location on the transaction card. A discharge probe may be charged to a known voltage level. The discharge probe may then be discharged at a second location on the transaction card. A discharge wave shape may be recorded from the ground probe, and one of a pass condition and a fail condition may be assigned based on at least the value of the known voltage level as compared to a reference voltage level. The first location and the second location may each be selected from a plurality of areas on the transaction card.
US07902830B2	System to measure series-connected cell voltages using a flying capacitor A system for measuring voltage of individual cells connected in series includes a single flying capacitor. The capacitor stores the charge of one of the cells such that an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected to the capacitor may process an accurate representation of the voltage of the cell being measured. A plurality of MOSFET-based switches electrically connects and disconnects the cells and the capacitor. A controller is in communication with the ADC and the switches for sequencing the switches and recording the voltage measurements of each cell.
US07902829B2	Battery management system and driving method thereof A battery management system for managing a battery including a plurality of battery cells and a driving method are provided. The system includes a sensor, and a main control unit (MCU). The sensor senses a voltage and a current of the battery. The MCU receives the voltage and the current of the battery, measures an open circuit voltage (OCV) in key-on using the battery voltage, and estimates an initial SOC depending on the OCV in the key-on. The MCU divides the OCV into first and second OCV regions, and, when the OCV in the key-on is in the first OCV region, estimates the initial SOC using a linear equation.
US07902828B2	Method and apparatus for monitoring the condition of a battery by measuring its internal resistance A method for evaluating the condition of a battery comprises coupling a first power transistor as or as part of a first external load in series with the battery, coupling a second power transistor as or as part of a second external load in series with the battery, and conducting each power transistor to draw a transient large current from the battery while sampling the voltage across the battery and voltage across the load, from which the internal resistance of the battery can be determined. The internal resistance of the battery can then be compared with a predetermined nominal value to issue a warning if the battery is weak. The invention enables, for example, a driver to correctly know the actual condition of an automobile battery in substantially real time while consuming a minimum amount of power.
US07902825B2	Motion corrected tensor magnetic resonance imaging In tensor MRI, a set of k-space MRI data points is acquired that includes one or more k-space subsets of MRI data points. An object orientation (or spatial transformation) corresponding to each of the k-space subsets is determined. Because the object orientation (or spatial transformation) can differ from subset to subset, the overall set of k-space data can be inconsistent with respect to object orientation (or spatial transformation). This possible inconsistency can be addressed by providing a k-space tensor model that includes object orientation and/or spatial transformation information corresponding to each of the subsets. A tensor MRI image can be reconstructed from the set of k-space MRI data points by using the k-space tensor model to account for object orientation and/or spatial transformation.
US07902824B2	Method for transforming a distortion-corrected magnetic resonance image, method for carrying out magnetic resonance measurements, and image transformation unit A method for carrying out magnetic resonance measurements on an examination object in a magnetic resonance system is described. In at least one embodiment, a magnetic resonance image of the examination object previously acquired via the magnetic resonance system is used to determine spatial coordinates in order to control the magnetic resonance system for the magnetic resonance measurement to be carried out. In this case, in order to determine the spatial coordinates, use is made of a distortion-corrected magnetic resonance image generated on the basis of an original magnetic resonance measured image acquired by the magnetic resonance system and transformed in advance into an equivalent measured image on the basis of field inhomogeneity values of the magnetic resonance system.
US07902821B2	Magnetic resonance apparatus and operating method with automated determination of an optimized radio frequency transmit mode In a magnetic resonance system and operating method to set RF transmit parameters for a radio-frequency antenna that is excitable in a number of different, linearly independent transmit modes, the transmit antenna is successively excited in the different transmit modes, and, for each transmit mode in which the radio-frequency antenna is excited, a measured value distribution representing the radio-frequency field produced by the antenna in a defined volume area is determined. The homogeneity of the measured value distribution is evaluated with respect to a defined evaluation criterion and, if the evaluation criterion is satisfied, an optimized radio-frequency field distribution is determined from a combination of the measured value distributions up to that time. If the evaluation criterion is not fulfilled, the radio-frequency antenna is excited with a further transmit mode, and the procedure is repeated.
US07902820B2	Method and apparatus for detecting spatially varying and time-dependent magnetic fields Certain inventive aspects provide local field imaging with high spatial, time and field resolution by using an array of Hall effect sensors that can be individually read out. The design combines semiconductor Hall sensors and switches that isolate the addressed Hall sensor from the rest of the array. The compact design allows for large and very dense Hall sensor arrays that can be read out in a straightforward way.
US07902816B2	Electromagnetic tracking method and apparatus for compensation of metal artifacts using modular arrays of reference sensors An electromagnetic tracking method includes generating an electromagnetic field (14) in a region of interest (16). The electromagnetic field is subject to distortion in response to a presence of metal artifacts proximate the electromagnetic field. An array of reference sensors (30,50,102,104,110) having a predefined known configuration are disposed proximate the region of interest. A first set of locations of the array of reference sensors is determined with respect to the electromagnetic field generator (12) in response to an excitation of one or more of the reference sensors via the electromagnetic field. A second mechanism (28), other than the electromagnetic field, determines a first portion of a second set of locations of at least one or more sensors of the array of reference sensors with respect to the second mechanism, the second mechanism being in a known spatial relationship with the electromagnetic field generator. A remainder portion of the second set of locations of the reference sensors of the array of reference sensors is determined in response to (i) the first portion of the second set of locations determined using the second mechanism and (ii) the predefined known configuration of the array of reference sensors. The method further includes compensating for metal distortion of the electromagnetic field in the region of interest as a function of the first and second sets of reference sensor locations of the array of reference sensors.
US07902811B2	Current sensor The present invention provides a current sensor of smaller and simpler configuration, capable of measuring a current to be detected with high precision and stability. A current sensor has a V-shaped conductor line and a pair of magnetoresistive elements disposed along with the conductor line so that a resistance value of one of the magnetoresistive elements changes in a direction opposite to that of resistance-value-change of the other magnetoresistive element according to current magnetic fields produced by a current to be detected flowing through the conductor line.
US07902810B2	Cable detection system A cable detection system, includes a source of an input electrical AC signal for coupling to a first lead pin of a cable connector. A detector is coupled to a different second lead pin of the cable connector. The detector detects an electrical AC output signal derived by capacitive coupling of the input electrical AC signal occurring within a cable incorporating first and second leads corresponding to the first and second lead pins. The detector further enables a determination of whether the cable is connected to the cable connector in response to an amplitude dependent characteristic of the detected AC output signal.
US07902805B2	Self-oscillating DC-DC buck converter with zero hysteresis A self-oscillating DC-DC buck converter with zero hysteresis is described. The converter comprises a comparator with a supply input, a non-inverting input to which a reference voltage is applied, an inverting input to which a feedback signal is applied, and an output to which a filter network is connected. The feedback signal is derived from the filter network and the output voltage of the converter is determined by the reference voltage. Connecting a filter network with an inductor and a capacitor to the output of the comparator and deriving the feedback signal from the filter network, results in an output of the comparator which is a DC output with a superimposed ripple. The level of the DC output is controlled by the reference voltage applied to the non-inverting input of the comparator, and the inductor current develops the ripple in the equivalent series resistance of the load circuit connected to the comparator output. The ripple can be regarded as the ramp signal in a conventional DC-DC converter. Accordingly, the output voltage is regulated to follow the reference voltage, and the proposed topology is equivalent to a DC-DC buck converter.
US07902791B2	Controller for variable speed alternating current motor A controller for operating a variable speed alternating current motor using inverters to which power is supplied from two or more power supplies including an energy accumulator has a first inverter for converting direct current supplied from the outside into alternating current, a power supply for accumulating direct current, a second inverter for converting direct current supplied from the power supply into alternating current, and an adder for adding the alternating current voltages outputted from the first and second inverters.
US07902790B2	Induction motor drive unit, motor drive system, and elevating system A slip frequency is estimated from a current instruction or detected currents in an induction motor. Acceleration impossibility in an induction motor drive unit is determined, when the slip frequency exceeds the maximum torque generating slip frequency for the predetermined interval or the time integrating result exceeds a predetermined value; when the q-axis magnetic flux exceeds the maximum torque generating q-axis magnetic flux or exceeds for a predetermined interval; when the estimated rotational speed is under a predetermined value; when the rotational speed variation rate is negative; and when the rotational speed instruction value or the estimated rotational speed is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value. An induction motor drive system and an elevating system including the induction motor drive unit are also disclosed.
US07902787B2	Driving circuit for single-phase switched reluctance motor and driving method thereof Disclosed are a driving circuit for a single-phase SRM and a driving method thereof. The driving circuit for the single-phase SRM includes a switched reluctance motor, a voltage source which supplies energy to the switched reluctance motor, and an inverter circuit which is connected to the switched reluctance motor in parallel so as to temporarily store energy of the voltage source, and then supply the energy to the switched reluctance motor.
US07902786B2	Motor controller A motor controller includes a command part that generates a command signal, a control part that drives a control object through an output filter when the command signal is input, an operating amount detector that detects an operating amount of the control object, a frequency response characteristic measurement part that generates an open loop frequency response characteristic on the basis of the command signal and the operating amount, a model calculation part that simulates a frequency characteristic of the output filter, and a display that displays the add result of an amplitude characteristic of the frequency characteristic of the frequency response characteristic measurement part and an amplitude characteristic of the frequency characteristic of the model calculation part.
US07902785B2	Method and device for guiding the movement of a moveable machine element of a machine The invention relates to a method for guiding the displacement of a displaceable machine element (18) in a machine, comprising the following steps: a) specification of a guide target variable (xtarg) that describes the desired displacement operation of the machine element (18); b) determination of a pilot actual variable (Mpilot) and/or a guide actual variable (xact) from the guide target variable (xtarg) using a model (2), said model (2) comprising a path model (3), which simulates the dynamic behaviour of the elements (16, 18) involved in the displacement. The invention also relates to a device that corresponds to the method. The invention permits the optimised guidance of the displacement of a displaceable machine element (18) in a machine.
US07902784B1	Mobile robot with arm member A mobile robot along with a method and system for a mobile robot including an arm member capable of lifting significant loads.
US07902776B2	Method and arrangement for sensorless operation of an electronically commutated motor An improved electric motor has a rotor (124), a stator (125) having at least one phase winding strand (126), an output stage (122) for influencing the current flow in said phase winding strand, a DC link circuit (170) for supplying the output stage (122) with current, including a link circuit capacitor (178), and a control unit (132) having an arrangement (152) for sensing a value characterizing the current recharge into the link circuit capacitor (178), which control unit (132) is configured to specify commutation instants as a function of the sensed value, and to perform commutation operations in the power stage (122) at the commutation instants thus specified. Avoiding a need for prolonged “currentless intervals” permits achieving higher efficiency and power output, particularly in a motor having less than three winding phases.
US07902769B2	Current regulator for modulating brightness levels of solid state lighting An exemplary embodiment provides a current regulator for controlling variable brightness levels for solid state lighting. The current regulator is couplable to a phase-modulating switch, such as a dimmer switch, which is coupled to an AC line voltage. An exemplary current regulator includes a rectifier; a switching power supply providing a first current; an impedance matching circuit; and a controller. The impedance matching circuit is adapted to provide a second current through the phase-modulating switch when a magnitude of the first current is below a first predetermined threshold, such as a holding current of a triac of the phase-modulating switch. The controller is adapted to determine a root-mean-square (RMS) voltage level provided by the phase-modulating switch from the AC line voltage and to determine a duty cycle for pulse-width current modulation by the switching power supply in response to the comparison of the RMS voltage level to a nominal voltage level.
US07902768B2	Driving arrangement for feeding a current with a plurality of LED cells A driving arrangement for feeding a current generated by a high frequency generator (10) coupled with a magnetic element (11) to a plurality of LED cells (33) each including at least one LED. The arrangement includes a respective plurality of LED channels (1, 2, 3, 4; 1′, 2′, 3′, 4′) arranged in a parallel configuration and one or more coupled inductors (L12, L23, L34) the couple in pairs the channels of the plurality of LED channels (1, 2, 3, 4; 1′, 2′, 3′, 4′).
US07902767B2	AC inverter capable of driving multiple lamps for LCD panel backlight An AC inverter circuit supplies power to multiple lamps in an LCD backlight. Conventional AC power is used as direct input into a full wave rectifier that converts the input from AC to a DC reference voltage. A transformer driver, including a chopper, converts the DC reference voltage to a higher voltage AC which drives a step up transformer to produce a voltage sufficient to drive as many as six fluorescent lamps. The components/circuitry associated with the transformer's primary windings is optically isolated from the rest of the circuit.
US07902766B2	Plasma lighting system A plasma lighting system comprises a resonator, a bulb received in the resonator and containing a discharge material therein for emitting light in accordance with the discharge material is exited as a plasma state, and a dielectric mirror disposed at one side of the bulb and formed of a spontaneous reflective material for spontaneously reflecting light generated from the bulb. The dielectric mirror can be included or excluded, and can smoothly reflect light without an additional reflection coating layer. The dielectric mirror is prevented from being damaged even in a high temperature, and thus a lowering of an optical efficiency is prevented when used for a long time.
US07902765B2	Circuit system for driving high-intensity discharging lamp The invention provides a circuit system for driving a high-intensity discharging lamp, comprising a boosting circuit, an ignition coil circuit and a clamp circuit. The boosting circuit includes a first transformer and a first switch, in which the primary of the first transformer receives an input power, the secondary of the first transformer produces a boosting DC voltage, and the first switch is connected to the first transformer to control turning-on and turning-off of the first transformer. The ignition coil circuit is connected to the boosting circuit for converting the boosting DC voltage into a switching AC voltage to drive a load. The clamp circuit is connected to the boosting circuit and the ignition coil circuit for directing energy, reflected from the secondary of the first transformer to the primary of the first transformer, to the secondary of the first transformer as the first switch is turned off.
US07902764B2	Control device for discharge lamp A driving method for a discharge lamp having two cathodes includes providing a supply input voltage for providing an alternating voltage at the terminals of the cathodes, monitoring a condition of each of the cathodes and measuring a first direct voltage signal of the waveform of the voltage of the lamp that develops when the lamp approaches an ageing condition, deactivating the alternating voltage when a variation of the first direct voltage signal occurs, and supplying a second direct voltage signal proportional to the supply input voltage for deactivating the alternating voltage when a variation of the first direct voltage signal occurs in relation to the second direct voltage signal.
US07902757B2	Plasma display panel A plasma display panel (PDP) is made of front panel (2) and a rear panel. The front panel includes display electrodes (6), dielectric layer (8), and protective layer (9) that are formed on front glass substrate (3). The rear panel includes electrodes, barrier ribs, and phosphor layers that are formed on a substrate. The front panel and the rear panel are faced with each other, and the peripheries thereof are sealed to form a discharge space therebetween. Each of display electrodes (6) contains at least silver. Dielectric layer (8) is made of first dielectric layer (81) that contains bismuth oxide covering display electrodes (6), and second dielectric layer (82) that contains bismuth oxide covering first dielectric layer (81). The content of bismuth oxide in second dielectric layer (82) is smaller than the content of bismuth oxide in first dielectric layer (81).
US07902754B2	Display device and method of manufacturing display device A display device includes lead wiring drawn out from a display region to a peripheral region of the display region; a first insulating film covering the lead wiring disposed on a substrate; a plurality of pieces of annular wiring disposed in a state of enclosing the display region in a multiple manner between the display region and the peripheral region on the first insulating film; a second insulating film covering the annular wiring disposed above the substrate, and having a groove pattern having each of the pieces of annular wiring as a bottom surface; and a light emitting element disposed on the second insulating film within the display region.
US07902752B2	Organic light-emitting substrate, method for manufacturing the same, and organic light-emitting display apparatus having the same An organic light-emitting substrate includes; a base substrate including a display area and a peripheral area formed around the display area, an organic light-emitting diode including a pixel electrode, a common electrode and an organic light-emitting part, the pixel electrode being formed in a unit pixel of the display area, the common electrode being formed over the display area, and the organic light-emitting part being disposed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, a driving circuit part which applies driving current to the pixel electrode and is electrically connected to the pixel electrode, and a common voltage subsidiary line formed on substantially the same layer as the pixel electrode, spaced apart from the pixel electrode, disposed under the common electrode, and electrically connected to the common electrode.
US07902749B2	Organic electroluminescence pixel, organic electroluminescence device, and manufacturing method thereof An organic electroluminescence pixel, an organic electroluminescence device comprising the same, and method for manufacturing the organic electroluminescence device are provided. The organic electroluminescence pixel comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a first carrier-injection layer, a semi-trans-flective metal layer, an organic emitting layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode is formed on the substrate. The first carrier-injection layer, the semi-trans-flective metal layer, and the organic emitting layer are formed between the first electrode and the second electrode. At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises a transparent electrode.
US07902747B2	Light-emitting device having a thin insulating film made of nitrogen and silicon and an electrode made of conductive transparent oxide and silicon dioxide It is an object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting device in which high luminance can be obtained with low power consumption by improving the extraction efficiency. A light-emitting device of the invention comprises an insulating film, a plurality of first electrodes being in contact with the insulating film and formed on the insulating film to be in parallel, an electroluminescent layer formed over the plurality of first electrodes, and a plurality of second electrodes intersecting with the plurality of first electrodes and formed over the electroluminescent layer in parallel, wherein the insulating film contains nitrogen and silicon and the first electrodes contain a conductive transparent oxide material and silicon oxide.
US07902745B2	Organic electroluminescent unit, method for manufacturing organic electroluminescent unit, and electronic apparatus An organic electroluminescent unit includes an anode, a cathode, a light-emitting layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, a hole transport layer disposed between the anode and the light-emitting layer, and a hole transport layer-protecting layer disposed between the hole transport layer and the light-emitting layer.
US07902744B2	Heteroionic junction light emitting electrochemical cell A structure for high performance light emitting electrochemical cells comprises at least two active layers of mixed ionic/electronic conducting materials, at least one of which is electroluminescent. The active layers are sandwiched between ion blocking electrodes, typically metal and/or transparent conducting oxide, that are electrically but not ionically conductive. Application of bias to the electrodes results in the polarization of ions at the electrodes thereby generating a field to drive the injection of electronic carriers into the active layer. The injected electron and holes recombine within the active layers to emit light. The ability to balance electron and hole injection in the design of such devices provides for optimal light emission efficiency.
US07902740B2	Light emitting apparatus A light-emitting apparatus of the present invention includes: a first electrode formed on an insulating surface; a first insulating layer covering an end portion of the first electrode and having a tapered edge; a second insulating layer formed on the first electrode and the first insulating layer and formed of one kind or a plurality of kinds selected from the group consisting of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride; an organic compound layer formed on the second insulating layer; and a second electrode formed on the organic compound layer.
US07902738B2	Organic light emitting device having first and second light emitting members An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display including a first electrode formed on a substrate, a second electrode facing the first electrode, first light emitting members disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and emitting light included in a visible spectrum, and second light emitting members being in contact with the first light emitting members and emitting light having a wavelength. The wavelength is in a range of about 600 nm to about 2500 nm.
US07902735B2	Gas discharge tube, and display device having gas discharge tube arrays A gas discharge tube includes: a elongated tube within which an electron-emissive film is formed, and which is filled with a discharge gas and sealed; a plurality of pairs of display electrodes disposed on a display side of the elongated tube; a signal electrode disposed on a rear side of the elongated tube; and an elongated support member inserted into the elongated tube and extending in the length direction of the elongated tube. The support member has a curved shape so that a curved inner surface thereof forms a discharge space, has longitudinally extending opposite edges, and has a phosphor layer formed on the inner surface of the support member. The support member further has an end wall at each of longitudinally opposite ends thereof. The end walls and the curved inner surface form an elongated depression in the support member.
US07902733B2	Uniquely designed internal combustion engine spark plug that will produce two independent ignition sparks between the spark plug electrodes for each single electrical ignition coil discharge This invention is an improvement to the internal combustion engine spark plug used to ignite the fuel air mixture in the engine combustion chamber. All spark plugs manufactured today produce one ignition spark for each high voltage electrical discharge of the ignition coil regardless of the number of spark plug electrodes used in the manufacture of the spark plug. This invention uses an intermediate electrically neutral electrode placed between the spark plug center electrode and the ground strap electrode creating two separate spark air gaps. For each single high voltage electrical discharge of the ignition coil, a spark will occur between the center electrode and the intermediate electrode and another distinct and separate spark will occur between the intermediate electrode and the ground strap electrode. Because the two ignition sparks are electrically in series, both will have the same electrical energy.
US07902730B2	Piezoelectric thin film device A sensor or actuator includes a piezoelectric thin film device including a lower electrode, a piezoelectric thin film and an upper electrode, and a voltage detecting device connected between the lower and upper electrodes of the piezoelectric thin film device. The piezoelectric thin film is formed of an alkali niobium oxide-based perovskite material expressed by (K1-xNax)NbO3 (0
US07902728B2	Thermally enhanced piezoelectric element A system and method for removing unwanted heat generated by a piezoelectric element of an ultrasound transducer. Some implementations have high thermal conductivity (HTC) material placed adjacent to the piezoelectric element. The HTC material can be thermally coupled to one or more heat sinks. Use of HTC material in conjunction with these piezoelectric element surfaces is managed to avoid degradation of propagating acoustic energy. Use of the HTC material in conjunction with heat sinks allows for creation of thermal paths away from the piezoelectric element. Active cooling of the heat sinks with water or air can further draw heat from the piezoelectric element. Further implementations form a composite matrix of thermally conductive material or interleave thermally conductive layers with piezoelectric material.
US07902727B1	Apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material An apparatus and method for generating electricity using piezoelectric material. The apparatus comprises a first elongate member and a second elongate member that are joining together at first and second points which are spaced apart from each other. The second elongate member comprises a piezoelectric element, or has a piezoelectric element mounted thereon. When pressure is applied to the first elongate member, the second elongate member is stretched and the stretching force is applied to the piezoelectric element. This generates electricity. A similar arrangement with a third elongate member may be provided on the other side of the second elongate member. The apparatus may be placed in a shoe or underneath a floor, so that the variation in pressure caused by walking may be used in generate electricity.
US07902725B2	Device for fixing a first equipment item to a second equipment item, with active micropositioning A device (D) is dedicated to fixing a first piece of equipment (E1) relative to a second piece of equipment (E2). The device has (i) a structure having a rigid central body (CC) prolonged by two approximately identical terminal bodies (CT1, CT2) each having a neck defining a flexible intermediate part (PD1, PD2) that is symmetric relative to a symmetry element, prolonged by a rigid internal part (PI1, PI2) that is symmetric relative to the symmetry element and joined to one of the ends of the central body (CC), and by a rigid external part (PE1, PE2) that is symmetric relative to a symmetry element, spaced from the internal part, and intended to be joined to the first (E1) or second (E2) piece of equipment. The device has (ii) at least two piezoelectric transducers (T11-T22) with each responsible for converting either an axial dimensional change into a measurement current representing the amplitude of the change, or a control current into a corresponding axial dimensional change. The device has (iii) control means (MC) responsible for determining at least one axial dimensional change to locate the first piece of equipment (E1) relative to the second piece of equipment (E2).
US07902723B2	Screw thread driving polyhedral ultrasonic motor A screw thread driving polyhedral ultrasonic motor includes a stator, a rotor and multiple piezoelectric plates being bonded to the stator or the rotor. The stator and the rotor have screw threads matched with each other. The stator and the rotor are connected via the screw threads.
US07902715B2	Self magnetizing motor A self magnetizing motor, in which a magnetic substance is disposed at the rotor and a stator is provided with a magnetizing portion to magnetize the magnetic substance, and the magnetizing portion forms an exciter pole protruding toward the magnetic substance and a tip portion tapered at an end of the exciter pole, wherein a width of the exciter pole, a protruding length of the tip portion, and a width of the tip portion are formed in the ratio of 8-9:2-2.5:1-2.4, thereby increasing the intensity of magnetizing of the magnetic substance thus to improve the motor performance.
US07902713B2	Self-starting type permanent magnet synchronous motor and a compressor using the same A self-starting type permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator and a rotor. The rotor comprises a rotor core having a plurality of slots provided in an outer periphery thereof and a cage winding comprising conductive bars embedded in the slots and conductive end rings that short-circuit the conductive bars on both end faces of the bars in an axial direction thereof. The rotor core comprises at least one magnet insertion hole arranged on an inner peripheral side from the slots, and at least one permanent magnet embedded in the at least one magnet insertion hole. When a pole center axis is denoted as a d-axis and an axis deviating from the pole center axis by an electrical angle 90° is denoted as a q-axis, a flux content generated by the cage winding during start-up becomes maximal in the vicinity of and on one of the d-axis and the q-axis.
US07902706B2	Rotational apparatus including a passive magnetic bearing A rotational apparatus with one or more passive magnetic bearing(s) is described. The rotational apparatus includes a rotor with a tapered magnetic ring and a stator with a tapered array of shorted conducting circuits. A repulsive force between the tapered magnetic ring and the tapered array of shorted conducting circuits acts a passive magnetic bearing that centers the rotor radially in a stator cavity and that repels the rotor axially away from an end of the stator cavity.
US07902705B2	Generator housing, transport mechanism for the same, and cooling and sound attenuation method for the same A generator housing includes a top portion, a plurality of side portions, and a base portion. The top, sides, and base portions are connected to form an enclosure, such that a generator can be housed inside the enclosure. The top and side portions include an air and exhaust flow structure that facilitates cooling of a generator maintained inside the housing, that provides a sound attenuation function, and that releases exhaust created by a generator. At least one of the side portions and the top portion may be opened and closed to provide access inside the housing. The base portion includes a structure that facilitates installation and transport.
US07902704B2	Spindle positioning means of linear actuator A linear actuator includes a base having a positioning post and a motor fixed on one side of the base. A spindle positioning means includes a spindle, a seat and a fixing element. The spindle protrudes from the motor and penetrates the base. One side of the spindle away from the motor is formed with a free end. The seat includes a cylinder and an extension plate protruding outwards from the periphery of the cylinder. The extension plate is provided with a trough. The cylinder is connected to the free end of the spindle. The trough of the extension plate is located to correspond to the positioning post. The fixing element passes through the trough to fix the seat on the positioning post. Via this arrangement, the breakage of the spindle caused by a lateral force can be prevented efficiently.
US07902702B2	Magneto generator In a magneto generator, second phase lead wires (10a, 10b) and third phase lead wires (11a, 11b) among individual one pair of first, second and third lead wires (9a, 9b; 10a, 10b; 11a, 11b) are covered with first protective tubes (12a, 12b), respectively. The second phase lead wires (10a, 10b) and the third phase lead wires (11a, 11b) covered with the first protective tubes (12a, 12b) are bent toward the first phase lead wires (9a, 9b) in a circumferential direction and bundled together with the first phase lead wires (9a, 9b). The first phase lead wires (9a, 9b), the second phase lead wires (10a, 10b) and the third phase lead wires (11a, 11b) thus bundled are bent in a direction opposite to the circumferential direction and covered with second protective tubes (22a, 22b, 22c), respectively.
US07902697B2	Power transfer apparatus with fluid transferring power to functional modules A power transfer apparatus includes: a casing into which liquid is injected; two metal plates disposed so as to come into contact with the liquid within the casing; and a power source configured to emit a current into the liquid with each of the two metal plates as an electrode; with power being supplied from the power source to a functional module to be mounted within the casing through the liquid such that each of two electrodes comes into contact with the liquid; and with the functional module being mounted such that the liquid can flow from one of the two metal plates to the other.
US07902695B2	Bipolar pulse generators with voltage multiplication and pulse separation A bipolar pulse generator includes a pair of two-conductor transmission lines coupled together with a load positioned between the two transmission lines. Two segments of one transmission line are charged and switchably coupled to two segments of the other transmission line to produce a bipolar pulse on the matched load. The generator may include two transmission line structures coupled together with a load positioned between each transmission line structures. The first transmission line structure may include a stepped transmission line and an embedded transmission line segment. A switch is coupled between the embedded transmission line segment and another segment of the transmission line structure. During operation, the first transmission line structure is charged to a potential with the switch in the open position and, when the switch is closed, the charge on the first transmission line structure together with the second transmission line structure generates a bipolar pulse on the matched load.
US07902692B2	Inverter system A vehicle system for use in powering an AC load. The system may included an inverter system operating in cooperation with a power distribution system. The power distribution system may be configured to provide a stabilized power output to the inverter system. The inverter system be configured to inverter the stabilized power output to an output suitable for powering the AC load.
US07902690B1	System for generating electrical energy from vehicle movement on a road An energy recovery apparatus for mounting on a structure to recover energy from air movement caused by vehicles passing under the structure is disclosed. The energy recovery apparatus may include a support assembly for mounting on the structure, and a rotating assembly rotatabaly mounted on the support assembly. The rotating assembly may include a rotating frame and a plurality of blades mounted on the frame such that the blades are free to be rotated by air movement caused by vehicle movement adjacent to the structure when the apparatus is mounted on the structure. The apparatus may also include a generator operatively connected to the rotating assembly to be driven by rotation of the rotating assembly, and to generate electrical power when rotated by connection to the rotating assembly.
US07902688B2	Vertical axis wind turbines A vertical axis wind turbine is described. The wind turbine can include a top ring, a middle ring and a lower ring, wherein a plurality of vertical airfoils are disposed between the rings. For example, three vertical airfoils can be attached between the upper ring and the middle ring. In addition, three more vertical airfoils can be attached between the lower ring and the middle ring. When wind contacts the vertically arranged airfoils the rings begin to spin. By connecting the rings to a center pole which spins an alternator, electricity can be generated from wind.
US07902685B2	Feed converter system A feed converter system for small wind energy systems has a rectifier device and an inverter device disposed in a housing, and a common control device is provided for regulating the system components under different load cases, particularly when the wind energy system starts up, or when it is being operated at an optimal operating point.
US07902684B2	Wind and water power generation device using a tiered monorail system A power generation assembly for use in generating electrical power from air or water currents includes a tiered rail system forming elongated loops, a vane assembly having a frame and at least one vain, and car assemblies sidably mounted to each rail, including linkage portions coupled to the frame of the vane assembly and a power-take-off arrangement includes an element that is operatively coupled to the car assembly and a drive wheel coupled to a generator and configured to take power off the moving car assembly by the drive wheels being rotated by the passing power-take-off element or a power-take-off system using a cable and clamps.
US07902682B2	Ultraviolet energy curable tape and method of making a semiconductor chip using the tape There is provided a UV energy curable tape comprising an adhesive material including a UV energy curable oligomer, a UV energy initiator, and a material which emits optical light when the tape composition is substantially fully cured. A semiconductor chip made using the tape is also provided.
US07902681B2	Semiconductor device, production method for the same, and substrate A semiconductor device is provided in which a semiconductor chip is bonded to a substrate with a sufficiently increased bonding strength and cracking is assuredly prevented which may otherwise occur due to heat shock, heat cycle and the like. The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor chip and a substrate having a bonding area to which the semiconductor chip is bonded via a metal layer. The metal layer includes an Au—Sn—Ni alloy layer and a solder layer provided on the Au—Sn—Ni alloy layer. Undulations are formed in an interface between the Au—Sn—Ni alloy layer and the solder layer.
US07902677B1	Composite layered chip package and method of manufacturing same A composite layered chip package includes a plurality of subpackages stacked. Each subpackage includes a main body, and wiring disposed on a side surface of the main body. The main body has a main part that includes at least one first-type layer portion. For any two vertically adjacent subpackages, the main body of the lower subpackage has a plurality of first terminals that are arranged on the top surface of the main part, while the main body of the upper subpackage has a plurality of second terminals that are arranged on the bottom surface of the main part. The main part of the main body of at least one of the plurality of subpackages includes at least one second-type layer portion. The first-type layer portion includes a conforming semiconductor chip, while the second-type layer portion includes a defective semiconductor chip.
US07902671B2	Semiconductor device having dummy pattern and the method for fabricating the same A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate with a pattern region and a dummy region, an interlayer dielectric film arranged on the semiconductor substrate, a semiconductor layer pattern arranged on the interlayer dielectric film in the pattern region, a dummy pattern arranged on the interlayer dielectric film in the dummy region, a contact plug arranged inside the interlayer dielectric film, and the contact plug connecting the semiconductor layer pattern to the semiconductor substrate, and a dummy plug arranged inside the interlayer dielectric film, the dummy plug corresponding to the dummy pattern. A method for fabricating the semiconductor device includes forming these structures.
US07902666B1	Flip chip device having soldered metal posts by surface mounting A disclosed semiconductor device having MPS-C2 (Metal Post Solder-Chip Connection) structure can be mounted on a PCB by an SMT mounter. A chip is disposed on a substrate. The substrate has a plurality of connecting pads and a plurality of accessory pads, and the chip has a plurality of corresponding metal posts and a plurality of accessory bumps. The dimensions on the soldered flat tops of the accessory bumps are corresponding to the soldered areas of the accessory pads where each soldered flat top has a plurality of angular corners and an edge between two adjacent angular corners where the length of the edge is twice greater than the pad pitch. Therefore, the displaced or rotational displaced metal posts can be pulled back and self-aligned during reflow processes so that an SMT mounter with poor alignment accuracy can be implemented for flip-chip bonding the semiconductor device having MPS-C2 structure to replace the conventional expensive flip-chip die bonder and to achieve higher productivity. Furthermore, the shape of the flat top surfaces of the metal posts does not have to match with the shape of the connecting pads.
US07902664B2	Semiconductor package having passive component and semiconductor memory module including the same Example embodiments relate to a semiconductor package. The semiconductor package may include a mounting substrate, a semiconductor chip mounted to the mounting substrate, at least one passive component passing therethrough and mounted to the mounting substrate, and a cover covering the mounting substrate, the semiconductor chip and the at least one passive component.
US07902661B2	Integrated circuit micro-module Various apparatuses and methods for forming integrated circuit packages are described. One aspect of the invention pertains to an integrated circuit package in which one or more integrated circuits are embedded in a substrate and covered with a layer of photo-imageable epoxy. The substrate can be made of various materials, including silicon, quartz and glass. An integrated circuit is positioned within a cavity in the top surface of the substrate. The epoxy layer is formed over the top surface of the substrate and the active face of the integrated circuit. An interconnect layer is formed over the epoxy layer and is electrically coupled with the integrated circuit.
US07902657B2	Self locking and aligning clip structure for semiconductor die package A semiconductor die package. The semiconductor die package includes a semiconductor die, and a lead comprising a flat surface. It also includes a clip structure including a (i) a contact portion, where the contact portion is coupled the semiconductor die, a clip aligner structure, where the clip aligner structure is cooperatively structured with the lead with the flat surface, and an intermediate portion coupling the contact portion and the clip aligner structure.
US07902655B1	Multichip package leadframe including electrical bussing Embodiments of the present invention provide electrical bussing for multichip leadframes. In various embodiments, a leadframe may comprise a first die paddle for receiving a first microelectronic device, a second die paddle for receiving a second microelectronic device, and at least one electrical bus disposed between the first die paddle and the second die paddle. In various ones of these embodiments, the electrical bus may be configured to supply a potential to at least one of the first and second microelectronic devices.
US07902654B2	System and method of silicon switched power delivery using a package In one particular embodiment, an integrated circuit includes a package and a substrate electrically and physically coupled to the package. The package includes a first pin, a second pin, and metallization coupling the first pin to the second pin. The substrate is coupled to the package via the first pin and the second pin. The substrate includes a plurality of power domains and a power control unit. The second pin of the package is coupled to a particular power domain of the plurality of power domains. The power control unit includes logic and a switch, where the switch includes a first terminal coupled to a voltage supply terminal, a control terminal coupled to the logic, and a second terminal coupled to the first pin of the package. The logic selectively activates the switch to distribute power to the particular power domain via the metallization of the package.
US07902653B2	Semiconductor module A semiconductor module includes a first metal foil; an insulating sheet mounted on a top surface of the first metal foil; at least one second metal foil mounted on a top surface of the insulating sheet; at least one semiconductor device mounted on the second metal foil; and a resin case for surrounding the first metal foil, insulating sheet, second metal foil, and semiconductor device. A bottom end of a peripheral wall of the resin case is located above a bottom surface of the first metal foil. A resin is provided inside the resin case to fill the inside of the resin case. The bottom surface of the first metal foil and the resin form a flat bottom surface so that the flat bottom surface contacts an external mounting member.
US07902652B2	Semiconductor package and semiconductor system in package using the same Disclosed are a semiconductor package and semiconductor system in package using the same. The semiconductor package includes: a printed circuit board (PCB); a semiconductor die disposed on the PCB and having conductive posts formed on an upper surface of the semiconductor die; and a molding formed on the PCB to cover the semiconductor die, wherein the conductive posts have a surface exposed out of an upper surface of the molding. The semiconductor system in package includes: a first semiconductor package having a semiconductor die on which conductive posts are formed, and a molding formed so that upper surfaces of the conductive posts are exposed; and a second semiconductor package disposed on the first semiconductor package and electrically connected to the conductive posts.
US07902651B2	Apparatus and method for stacking integrated circuits A multi-chip stack module provides increased circuit density for a given surface chip footprint. The multi-chip stack module comprises support structures alternating with standard surface mount type chips to form a stack wherein the support structures electrically interconnect the chips. Various embodiments disclose a structure and method for interconnecting a plurality of generally planar chips in a vertical stack such that common signals are connected in the stack and individually-accessed signals are separated within the stack.
US07902640B2	Dielectric layer and thin film transistor A dielectric layer including a film with silicon compound contain oxygen and a film with silicon compound contain nitrogen is provided. A ratio of Si—N group absorption intensity to a thickness of the film with silicon compound contain nitrogen in an FTIR spectrum is substantially greater than or substantially equal to 0.67/μm. The dielectric layer can be incorporated in switch devices.
US07902634B2	Semiconductor device An n+-emitter layer arranged under an emitter electrode is formed of convex portions arranged at predetermined intervals and a main body coupled to the convex portions. A convex portion region is in contact with the emitter electrode, and a p+-layer doped more heavily than a p-base layer is arranged at least below the emitter layer. In a power transistor of a lateral structure, a latch-up immunity of a parasitic thyristor can be improved, and a turn-off time can be reduced.
US07902633B2	Longitudinal bipolar transistor with base region in trenches having emitter and collector regions disposed along portions of side surfaces of the base Provided is a semiconductor device including: a silicon substrate; at least two trenches spaced apart from each other, being in parallel with each other, and being formed by vertically etching the silicon substrate from a surface thereof; an electrically insulating film for burying therein at least bottom surfaces of the trenches; a base region formed in a region of the silicon substrate located between the two trenches; and an emitter region and a collector region formed on portions of side surfaces of the trenches, respectively, the portions of the sides located above the insulating film and formed in the base region.
US07902632B2	Pumping MOS capacitor A pumping MOS capacitor includes a substrate which is conductive and includes an irregular surface, a dielectric film formed along the irregular surface of the substrate and a gate formed on the dielectric film.
US07902628B2	Semiconductor device with trench isolation structure The present invention relates to a semiconductor device with a device isolation structure and a method for fabricating the same. The semiconductor device includes: a substrate provided with a trench formed in the substrate; and at least one device isolation structure including an oxide layer formed on the trench, a nitride layer formed on the oxide layer disposed on sidewalls of the trench and a high density plasma oxide layer formed on the nitride layer to fill the trench.
US07902624B2	Barrier regions for image sensors Embodiments of the invention provide an image sensor that includes a barrier region for isolating devices. The image sensor comprises a substrate and an array of pixel cells formed on the substrate. Each pixel cell comprises a photo-conversion device. The array comprises a first pixel cell having a first configuration, a second pixel cell having a second configuration, and at least one barrier region formed between the first and second pixel cells for capturing and removing charge. The barrier region comprises a charge accumulation region of a particular conductivity type in a substrate electrically connected to a voltage source terminal. The charge accumulation region accumulates charge and prevents charge transference from a pixel cell or peripheral circuitry on one side of the barrier region to a pixel cell on another side of the barrier region.
US07902622B2	Solid-state imaging device A solid-state imaging device includes a photoelectric conversion section which is provided for each pixel and which converts light incident on a first surface of a substrate into signal charges, a circuit region which reads signal charges accumulated by the photoelectric conversion section, a multilayer film including an insulating film and a wiring film, the multilayer film being disposed on a second surface of the substrate opposite to the first surface, and a transmission-preventing film disposed at least between the wiring film in the multilayer film and the substrate.
US07902621B2	Integrated circuit comprising mirrors buried at different depths A semiconductor structure including a first active area under which is buried a first reflective layer and a least one second active area under which is buried a second reflective layer, wherein the upper surface of the second reflective layer is closer to the upper surface of the structure than the upper surface of the first reflective layer.
US07902619B2	Portable optical detection chip and manufacturing method thereof A portable optical detection chip comprises a substrate, a plurality of avalanche-type photosensitive device modules and a plurality of plane mirrors. The plurality of avalanche-type photosensitive device modules are formed on the substrate, and each of them comprises a plurality of avalanche-type photosensitive devices and a plurality of lenses. Each of the lenses is stacked on one of the avalanche-type photosensitive devices. The plurality of plane mirrors are disposed between the avalanche-type photosensitive device modules. That is, the avalanche-type photosensitive device modules are separated from each other by the plane mirrors.
US07902618B2	Backside illuminated imaging sensor with improved angular response A backside illuminated imaging pixel with improved angular response includes a semiconductor layer having a front and a back surface. The imaging pixel also includes a photodiode region formed in the semiconductor layer. The photodiode region includes a first and a second n-region. The first n-region has a centerline projecting between the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor layer. The second n-region is disposed between the first n-region and the back surface of the semiconductor layer such that the second n-region is offset from the centerline of the first n-region.
US07902615B2	Micromechanical structure for receiving and/or generating acoustic signals, method for producing a micromechanical structure, and use of a micromechanical structure A micromechanical structure and a method for producing a micromechanical structure are provided, the micromechanical structure being configured for receiving and/or generating acoustic signals in a medium at least partially surrounding the structure. The structure includes a first counterelement that has first openings and essentially forms a first side of the structure, a second counterelement that has second openings and essentially forms a second side of the structure, and an essentially closed diaphragm disposed between the first counterelement and the second counterelement.
US07902611B1	Integrated circuit well isolation structures An integrated circuit is provided with transistor body regions that may be independently biased. Some of the bodies may be forward body biased to lower threshold voltages and increase transistor switching speed. Some of the bodies may be reverse body biased to increase threshold voltages and decrease leakage current. The integrated circuit may be formed on a silicon substrate. Body bias isolation structures may be formed in the silicon substrate to isolate the bodies from each other. Body bias isolation structures may be formed from shallow trench isolation trenches. Doped regions may be formed at the bottom of the trenches using ion implantation. Oxide may be used to fill the trenches above the doped region. A deep well may be formed under the body regions. The deep well may contact the doped regions that are formed at the bottom of the trenches.
US07902604B2	Configuration of gate to drain (GD) clamp and ESD protection circuit for power device breakdown protection A semiconductor power device supported on a semiconductor substrate comprising a plurality of transistor cells each having a source and a drain with a gate to control an electric current transmitted between the source and the drain. The semiconductor further includes a gate-to-drain (GD) clamp termination connected in series between the gate and the drain further includes a plurality of back-to-back polysilicon diodes connected in series to a silicon diode includes parallel doped columns in the semiconductor substrate wherein the parallel doped columns having a predefined gap. The doped columns further include a U-shaped bend column connect together the ends of parallel doped columns with a deep doped well disposed below and engulfing the U-shaped bend.
US07902602B2	Organic thin film transistor with stacked organic and inorganic layers The present invention provides an organic thin film transistor and method for fabricating the same. The organic thin film transistor has a substrate and a gate electrode that is positioned on the substrate. A gate insulator has a stacked structure comprising an inorganic gate insulator and an organic gate insulator that are positioned on the gate electrode. An organic semiconductor layer is positioned on the gate insulator to overlap the gate electrode. Accordingly, an organic thin film transistor that has flexibility, decreased leakage current, and a low threshold is formed.
US07902599B2	Integrated circuit having long and short channel metal gate devices and method of manufacture Embodiments of an integrated circuit are provided. In one embodiment, the integrated circuit includes a substrate, a short channel (SC) device, and a long channel (LC) device. The short channel device includes an SC gate insulator overlying a first portion of the substrate, an SC metal gate overlying the SC gate insulator, a polycrystalline silicon layer overlying the metal gate, and a silicide layer formed on the polycrystalline silicon layer. The long channel (LC) device includes an LC gate insulator overlying a second portion of the substrate and an LC metal gate overlying the LC gate insulator. An etch stop layer overlies an upper surface of the substrate, and an interlayer dielectric overlies an upper surface of the etch stop layer. An SC cap is disposed in the interlayer dielectric, overlies the SC device, and is formed substantially from the same metal as is the LC metal gate.
US07902598B2	Two-sided surround access transistor for a 4.5F2 DRAM cell An isolation transistor having a grounded gate is formed between a first access transistor construction and a second access transistor construction to provide isolation between the access transistor constructions of a memory device. In an embodiment, the access transistor constructions are recess access transistors. In an embodiment, the memory device is a DRAM. In another embodiment, the memory device is a 4.5F2 DRAM cell.
US07902597B2	Transistors with laterally extended active regions and methods of fabricating same A transistor and method of fabricating the transistor are disclosed. The transistor is disposed in an active region of a substrate defined by an isolation region and includes a gate electrode and associated source/drain regions. The isolation region includes an upper isolation region and an lower isolation region, wherein the upper isolation region is formed with sidewalls having, at least in part, a positive profile.
US07902595B2	Power IC device and method of manufacturing same In one embodiment of the present invention, a power IC device is disclosed containing a power MOS transistor with a low ON resistance and a surface channel MOS transistor with a high operation speed. There is also provided a method of manufacturing such a device. A chip has a surface of which the planar direction is not less than −8° and not more than +8° off a silicon crystal face. The p-channel trench power MOS transistor includes a trench formed vertically from the surface of the chip, a gate region in the trench, an inversion channel region on a side wall of the trench, a source region in a surface layer of the chip, and a drain region in a back surface layer of the chip. The surface channel MOS transistor has an inversion channel region fabricated so that an inversion channel current flows in a direction not less than −8° and not more than +8° off the silicon crystal direction.
US07902592B2	Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing A semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device is disclosed. The semiconductor device includes a bit line formed to extend into a semiconductor substrate, a charge storage layer formed on the semiconductor substrate, a word line formed above the charge storage layer to extend across the bit line, a gate electrode formed on the charge storage layer under the word line and between bit lines, a first insulating film formed over the bit line and to extend in the direction of the bit line and a second insulating film that includes a different material than that of the first insulating film and formed to adjoin a side surface of the first insulating film. In addition, the semiconductor device includes an interlayer insulating film that includes a different material from that of the second insulating film that is formed on the first insulating film and the second insulating film and a contact plug coupled to the bit line and formed to penetrate through the first insulating film and the interlayer insulating film and to be sandwiched by the second insulating film.
US07902587B2	Non-volatile memory cell A non-volatile memory cell is described, including a semiconductor substrate, two separate charge trapping structures on the substrate, first spacers at least on the opposite sidewalls of the two charge trapping structures, a gate dielectric layer on the substrate between the two charge trapping structures, a gate on the two charge trapping structures and the gate dielectric layer, and two doped regions in the substrate beside the gate.
US07902584B2	Semiconductor memory device and manufacturing method thereof This disclosure concerns a semiconductor memory device including a substrate; an insulating film provided above the substrate; a semiconductor layer provided above the insulating film and extending in a plane which is parallel to a surface of the substrate; a first gate dielectric film provided on an inner wall of a opening penetrating through the semiconductor layer; a first gate electrode penetrating through the opening and isolated from the semiconductor layer by the first gate dielectric film; a second gate dielectric film formed on a side surface and an upper surface of the semiconductor layer located on the first gate electrode; and a second gate electrode provided on the side surface and the upper surface of the semiconductor layer via the second gate dielectric film, isolated from the first gate electrode, and superimposed on the first gate electrode.
US07902578B2	Solid-state imaging device, electronic module and electronic apparatus A solid-state imaging device including an imaging area formed of a plurality of pixels arrayed in a two-dimensional matrix is provided. The solid-state imaging device includes: a photoelectric conversion portion including a charge accumulation region provided on a semiconductor substrate; a read transistor for reading electric charges from the photoelectric conversion portion; and a gettering site for separating metal impurities within the semiconductor substrate from at least the photoelectric conversion portion. The photoelectric conversion portion is provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate, and the gettering site is provided on the rear side away from the semiconductor substrate.
US07902574B2	Solid state image pickup device and operating method thereof This invention provides a type of solid-state image pickup device characterized by the fact that for a solid-state image pickup device with a broad dynamic range, it is possible to suppress the dark current than photoelectrons overflowing from the photodiode, as well as its driving method. Plural pixels are integrated in an array configuration on a semiconductor substrate. Each pixel has the following parts: photodiode (CPD), transfer transistor (φT), floating diffusion (CFD), accumulating capacitive element (CS), accumulating transistor (φS), and a reset transistor. During the accumulating period of photoelectric charge, voltage (α) over that applied on the semiconductor substrate, or −0.6 V or lower than the voltage applied on the semiconductor substrate, is applied as an OFF potential on the gate electrode of at least one transfer transistor, the accumulating transistor and the reset transistor.
US07902571B2	III-V group compound semiconductor device including a buffer layer having III-V group compound semiconductor crystal A field effect transistor (FET) with high withstand voltage and high performance is realized by designing a buffer layer structure appropriately to reduce a leakage current to 1×10−9 A or less when a low voltage is applied. An epitaxial wafer for a field effect transistor comprising a buffer layer 2, an active layer, and a contact layer on a semi-insulating substrate 1 from the bottom, and the buffer layer 2 includes a plurality of layers, and a p-type buffer layer composed of p-type AlxGa1-xAs (0.3≦x≦1) is provided as a bottom layer (undermost layer) 2a. A Nd product of a film thickness of the p-type buffer layer and a p-type carrier concentration of the p-type buffer layer is within a range from 1×1010 to 1×1012/cm2.
US07902569B2	Si/SiGe interband tunneling diodes with tensile strain Some disclosed interband tunneling diodes comprise a plurality of substantially coherently strained layers including layers selected from a group consisting of silicon, germanium, and alloys of silicon and germanium, wherein at least one of said substantially coherently strained layers is tensile strained. Some disclosed resonant interband tunneling diodes comprise a plurality of substantially coherently strained layers including layers selected from a group consisting of silicon, germanium, and alloys of silicon and germanium, wherein at least one of said substantially coherently strained layers defines a barrier to non-resonant tunnel current. Some disclosed interband tunneling diodes comprise a plurality of substantially coherently strained layers, wherein at least one of said substantially coherently strained layers is tensile strained. Some disclosed resonant interband tunneling diodes comprise a plurality of substantially coherently strained layers, wherein at least one of said substantially coherently strained layers defines a barrier to non-resonant tunnel current.
US07902568B2	Light-emitting module with plural light emitters and conductor pattern A light-emitting module (2) includes a mounting board (1) with a conductor pattern and a plurality of light-emitting elements (15) mounted on the conductor pattern via wires (21). The extending direction of each of the wires (21) toward the conductor pattern is oriented irregularly when viewed perpendicularly to the mounting board (1). This can prevent the shadows of the wires (21) from overlapping, and thus can suppress the luminance nonuniformity.
US07902565B2	Semiconductor light emitting device and method for manufacturing same A semiconductor light emitting device includes: a laminated body including a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and a light emitting layer provided between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer; a first electrode provided on a first major surface of the laminated body and connected to the first semiconductor layer; and a second electrode provided on the first major surface of the laminated body and connected to the second semiconductor layer. The first electrode includes: a first region provided on the first semiconductor layer and including a first metal film; and a second region provided on the first semiconductor layer and including a second metal film, the second metal film having a higher reflectivity for light emitted from the light emitting layer than the first metal film and having a higher contact resistance with respect to the first semiconductor layer than the first metal film.
US07902557B2	Semiconductor light emitting device and a method of manufacturing the same Disclosed is a semiconductor light emitting device comprising a seed layer, a first conductive semiconductor layer into which the seed layer is partially inserted, a first electrode electrically connected to the first conductive semiconductor layer, an active layer under the first conductive semiconductor layer, a second conductive semiconductor layer under the active layer, and a second electrode layer under the second conductive semiconductor layer.
US07902556B2	Method for fabricating high-quality semiconductor light-emitting devices on silicon substrates One embodiment of the present invention provides a semiconductor light-emitting device which includes: (1) a silicon (Si) substrate; (2) a silver (Ag) transition layer which is formed on a surface of the Si substrate, wherein the Ag transition layer covers the Si substrate surface; and (3) an InGaAlN, ZnMgCdO, or ZnBeCdO-based semiconductor light-emitting structure which is fabricated on the Ag-coated Si substrate. Note that the Ag transition layer prevents the Si substrate surface from forming an amorphous overcoat with reactant gases used for growing the semiconductor light-emitting structure.
US07902553B2	Thin film transistor array panel and method for manufacturing the same A manufacturing method of a thin film transistor (TFT) includes forming a gate electrode including a metal that can be combined with silicon to form silicide on a substrate and forming a gate insulation layer by supplying a gas which includes silicon to the gate electrode at a temperature below about 280° C. The method further includes forming a semiconductor on the gate insulation layer, forming a data line and a drain electrode on the semiconductor and forming a pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode.
US07902550B2	Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof A means of forming unevenness for preventing specular reflection of a pixel electrode, without increasing the number of process steps, is provided. In a method of manufacturing a reflecting type liquid crystal display device, the formation of unevenness (having a radius of curvature r in a convex portion) in the surface of a pixel electrode is performed by the same photomask as that used for forming a channel etch type TFT, in which the convex portion is formed in order to provide unevenness to the surface of the pixel electrode and give light scattering characteristics.
US07902545B2	Semiconductor for use in harsh environments A gallium-nitride semiconductor apparatus may include an active region having one or more nitride-based barrier layers that are modulation-doped using a nitride-based doped layer. An active region may have at least two nitride-based barrier layers, and a nitride-based blocking layer may be disposed between the at least two barrier layers.
US07902544B2	Nitride semiconductor light emitting device The invention provides a highly reliable nitride semiconductor light emitting device improved in electrostatic discharge withstand voltage. In the light emitting device, an n-type nitride semiconductor layer, an active layer and a p-type nitride semiconductor layer are sequentially formed on a substrate. The active layer features a multiple quantum well structure including a plurality of multiple quantum barrier layers and quantum well layers. At least one of the quantum barrier layers has a band-gap modulated multilayer structure.
US07902538B2	Phase change memory cell with first and second transition temperature portions A phase change memory cell includes first and second electrodes having generally coplanar surfaces spaced apart by a gap and a phase change bridge electrically coupling the first and second electrodes. The phase change bridge may extend over the generally coplanar surfaces and across the gap. The phase change bridge has a higher transition temperature bridge portion and a lower transition temperature portion. The lower transition temperature portion comprises a phase change region which can be transitioned from generally crystalline to generally amorphous states at a lower temperature than the higher transition temperature portion. A method for making a phase change memory cell is also disclosed.
US07902534B2	Cavity ring down system having a common input/output port A system having a multiple-mirror ring-down cavity with one mirror where light may be input into the cavity and light from the cavity may be detected. A valve may permit light to enter or not to enter the cavity. An amplifier may be connected to a detector for detecting light from the cavity. The amplifier may be off or set at a low gain when light is entering the cavity and be on at a medium or high gain at a time when light is not entering the cavity.
US07902533B2	Light emitting device The invention has a monitoring portion which detects change of ambient temperature and degradation with time, provided with a plurality of monitoring pixels and a monitoring line. Each of the plurality of monitoring pixels has a light emitting element for monitoring, a constant current source, a switch, and a detecting circuit, and one electrode of the light emitting element for monitoring is connected to the monitoring line through the switch. The detecting circuit controls on and off of the switch, and specifically in the case where both electrodes of the light emitting element for monitoring are short-circuited, the switch is turned off. The invention having the aforementioned configuration generates no potential change of the power supply line of the pixel portion when both electrodes of a light emitting element for monitoring are short-circuited.
US07902532B2	Systems and methods involving transducer signals A system for operating a transducer comprising, a first node connected to a first transducer, a first photo-activated switching device having a first source, a first drain connected to the first node, and a first gate operative to receive a first logic signal, a first terminal connected to the first source; a second photo-activated switching device having a second source connected to the first node, a second drain, and a second gate operative to receive a second logic signal, and a second terminal connected to the second drain.
US07902530B1	Multiple medical accelerators and a kV-CT incorporated radiation therapy device and semi-automated custom reshapeable blocks for all field synchronous image guided 3-D-conformal-intensity modulated radiation therapy S-band, C-band or X-band microwave powered linear accelerators capable of delivering therapeutic photon and electron beams are mounted to a gantry with extensions to hold multiple accelerators and are combined with a kV CT for 3-D conformal—IMRT and IGRT to treat a patient by SSD or SAD methods and in a full circle. The invention's tertiary collimator system consists of semi-automated reusable custom field shaping with tungsten powder or melted Cerrobend blocks. The beam's intensity modulation is by means of simultaneous but independently operating multiple accelerators. This system's multiple accelerators enable to avoid interrupted subfractionated radiation therapy to each treatment fields. Hence its effective dose rate at the tumor site is high. The improved radiobiology reduces the total radiation dose to treat a tumor, reducing the incidence of developing second primary tumors is also minimized.
US07902522B2	Submersible pump with UV sterilization device A submersible pump with UV sterilization device includes a casing, at least one sterilization room and one water pump room provided in the casing, a first end cap and a second end cap separately fixed at the two ends of the casing, a front water inlet provided at the first end cap, a back water inlet connected to the water inlet of the sterilization room provided at the second end cap, and a reflection board provided at the internal wall of the sterilization room. A water pump is fixed in the water pump room, a water outlet is fixed above the impeller room of the water pump, the impeller room is connected to the water outlets of the sterilization room, a cold cathode UV sterilization device is provided in the sterilization room, the sterilization device is connected to the output end of an inverter fixed in the casing.
US07902515B2	Radiation beam analyzer and method A radiation beam analyzer for measuring the distribution and intensity of radiation produced by a CyberKnife®. The analyzer employs a relative small tank of water into which a sensor is placed. The distance between the sensor and the radiation source is not varied. The tank of water is raised and lowered relative to the sensor to simulate the location of a malady within a patient's body. This movement of the tank permits the radiation from the CyberKnife® to be properly calibrated and adjusted for a proper treatment of a malady in a patient.
US07902514B2	Image detecting device and image capturing system An image detecting device (radiation solid-state detecting device) including an image detector (sensor substrate) for recording an image and outputting the recorded image as image information; a temperature regulation control unit for performing a temperature regulation control operation to adjust the image detector to a predetermined temperature; and an image information output detecting unit (timing control signal detector) for detecting the output of the image information from the image detector, and outputting the detected output as an image information output detection signal to the temperature regulation control unit, wherein the temperature regulation control unit halts the temperature regulation control operation on the image detector based on the image information output detection signal that is input thereto.
US07902511B2	Method of and software for calculating a scatter estimate for tomographic scanning and system for tomographic scanning The method calculates a scatter estimate for scatter correction of detection data from a subject in a positron emission tomographic scanner. The detection data represent the scattered events and unscattered events of annihilation photons emitted in the subject. The method uses the following steps: determine an estimate of the unscattered events; determine a simulation of the scattered events; determine a value of a scaling factor by fitting the sum of the estimate of the unscattered events and a product of the scaling factor and the simulation of the scattered events to the detection data; and determine the scatter estimate as the product of the scaling factor having said value and the simulation of the scattered events.
US07902510B2	Radionuclide detection devices and associated methods Radionuclide detection devices comprise a fluid cell comprising a flow channel for a fluid stream. A radionuclide collector is positioned within the flow channel and configured to concentrate one or more radionuclides from the fluid stream onto at least a portion of the radionuclide collector. A scintillator for generating scintillation pulses responsive to an occurrence of a decay event is positioned proximate at least a portion of the radionuclide collector and adjacent to a detection system for detecting the scintillation pulses. Methods of selectively detecting a radionuclide are also provided.
US07902509B2	Photomultiplier tube and radiation detecting device A vacuum vessel is configured by hermetically joining a faceplate to one end of a side tube and a stem to the other end via a tubular member. A photocathode, a focusing electrode, dynodes, a drawing electrode, and anodes are arranged within the vacuum vessel. The dynodes and the anodes have a plurality of channels in association with each other. The drawing electrode is placed on electrically-conductive supporting pins penetrating the stem. The dynodes are stacked with insulating members interposed between one another. Since the supporting pins and the insulating members are arranged coaxially, each electrode can be fixed by applying pressure in z-axis direction. At the same time, emission of light between the anodes and the drawing electrode can be suppressed, thereby enabling noise to be reduced.
US07902506B2	Phase-shifting element and particle beam device having a phase-shifting element A phase-shifting element for shifting a phase of at least a portion of a particle beam is described, as well as a article beam device having a phase-shifting element of this type. In the phase-shifting element and the particle beam device having a phase-shifting element, components shadowing the particle beam are avoided, so that proper information content is achieved and in which the phase contrast is essentially spatial frequency-independent. The phase-shifting element may have at least one means for generating a non-homogeneous or anisotropic potential. The particle beam device according to the system described herein may be provided with the phase-shifting element.
US07902501B2	Ion mobility spectrometer and method for operation A method for operating an ion mobility spectrometer comprises supplying an analyte substance into a reaction chamber of an ion mobility spectrometer having a closed internal gas circuit and at least one membrane inlet having an inner membrane chamber, changing at least one of flow resistances and gas paths in the closed internal gas circuit, and controlling at least one of a quantity and a concentration of analyte-containing gas flowing from the inner membrane chamber to the reaction chamber.
US07902495B2	Method and apparatus for radiation detection in a high temperature environment A radiation detector operating at high temperatures is shown comprising a scintillating material for producing light when excited by incident radiation, a photocathode, and an electron multiplier. The photocathode is deposited directly onto the surface of the scintillating material that is oriented toward the electron multiplier. Depositing the photocathode directly on the surface greatly decreases photon loss which is a problem of prior art systems. In a preferred embodiment, a metal flange is hermetically sealed to the scintillating material and this is fusion welded to the electron multiplier to create a vacuum envelope. This invention is particularly useful in noisy environments such as downhole in a drilling operation.
US07902490B2	Solid-state sun tracker This invention deals with the general topic of adaptive non-imaging tracking of the sun. A transmission-mode electro-optical system is presented for solar energy tracking and collection. The scale of the system may range from small portable systems to large-scale industrial power plants used for the production of environmentally benign energy. It maybe integrated directly into buildings and other platforms without the need for heliostats to hold photovoltaic cells or other energy conversion devices above the building or other host platform. It makes solar energy harvesting systems practical by allowing the separation of tracking, collection, concentration, aggregation, distribution, and energy conversion. This novel system is unique and distinct from other sun tracking and energy conversion systems because it allows adaptive solid-state electronics to be used in place of conventional mechanical tracking heliostats. Furthermore, it is highly precise and therefore allows very high levels of concentration to be achieved in an dynamic environment. It is also cost effective because it leverages integrated opto-electronics instead of mechanical devices to perform sun tracking.
US07902488B2	Microwave-assisted peptide synthesis An instrument and associated method are disclosed for the accelerated synthesis of peptides by the solid phase method. The instrument includes a microwave cavity, a microwave source in communication with the cavity, a column in the cavity formed of a material that is transparent to microwave radiation, a solid phase peptide support resin in the column, respective filters for maintaining the solid phase support resin in the column, a first passageway for adding starting compositions to the column, a second passageway for removing compositions from the column, and a third passageway for circulating compositions from the column into the third passageway and back to the column.
US07902483B2	Laser machining apparatus and laser machining method Disclosed is a laser machining apparatus comprising a workpiece fixture for fastening a workpiece, a first laser removing device for machining a workpiece using first operating parameters, and a second laser removing device which can machine a workpiece using second operating parameters that are different from the first operating parameters, especially regarding the quality and quantity.
US07902480B2	Vacuum insulated switchgear A vacuum insulated switchgear comprising a vacuum container accommodating at least a pair of movable contacts and a pair of fixed contacts, wherein the movable contacts are capable of taking three positions, the switchgear being a double-break three-position type switch having breaking and disconnecting functions.
US07902478B2	Switching chamber for a gas-insulated high-voltage switch The switching chamber is intended for a gas-insulated high-voltage switch. It contains a housing filled with insulating gas and a contact arrangement held in the housing. The contact arrangement has, in a coaxial arrangement, the following components: two switching pieces, which are capable of being moved relative to one another along an axis, with in each case one arcing contact and in each case one tubular conductor containing a rated current contact, an insulating nozzle, and a compression apparatus with a fixed piston and a cylinder. A moveable tubular conductor of the two tubular conductors forms the wall of the cylinder, is electrically conductively and rigidly connected to one of the two arcing contacts via a base of the cylinder and bears the insulating nozzle.
US07902470B2	Decorative key sheet for pushbutton switches Disclosed is a decorative key sheet of high visibility which is superior in terms of design and helps to maintain a quality appearance, which enables an operator to perform input operation safely, and which is of a thin type. The decorative key sheet is formed as a thin sheet including an operation plate, a film sheet, and a base sheet. A fine asperity pattern is provided on a front surface side of an operation plate. Further, a light reflection layer enhancing the visibility of the fine asperity pattern is provided on a back surface of the operation plate. The operation plate is transparent. The fine asperity pattern is formed on a resin layer.
US07902469B2	Perforation gun pressure-actuated electrical switches and methods of use Pressure-actuated electrical switches are provided that comprise a housing having a slidable piston therein. The slidable piston slides from a first position to a second position and in so doing switches an electrical path from a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact to an electrical path between the first electrical contact and a third electrical contact. Suitable applications of such switches include any application in which a pressure wave is used to actuate an electrical switch. The pressure-actuated electrical switches of the present invention are especially adapted for use in controlling successive detonations in a downhole perforation gun, as explosive gases and pressure waves are used to actuate the slidable piston so as to trigger a subsequent detonation charge. Perforation guns utilizing these pressure-actuated electrical switches and corresponding methods of use are also provided herein.
US07902468B2	Detent changeover switch apparatus A small click generating member is mounted on a yoke, and a large click generating member is rotatably mounted on an operating shaft. A plunger case is relatively rotatably mounted on the operating shaft, and large and small click pieces are mounted on the plunger case. An electromagnet is mounted on the yoke, and a plunger magnetic body attractable to the electromagnet is mounted on the plunger case. A magnet is mounted to cover the yoke. By changing over the supply of electricity to the electromagnet among a non-electricity-supply state, a backward connection electricity supply state and a forward connection electricity supply state, a generated coil magnetic field and a magnetic field of the magnet are applied in a cooperative manner, a magnetic circuit generated in the yoke can be changed over, and clicks are changed over among large click feeling, small click feeling and a fixed state.
US07902466B2	Self-centering fastener with mating seal flange An aspect of the present invention provides a conduit body assembly. The conduit body assembly has a conduit body with a closed lower end and a side wall surrounding the lower end. The side wall includes a planar perimetrical rim which defines an open upper end. Also, the conduit body assembly has a cover to enclose the open upper end. A deformable flexible flange extends from the at least one cover hole for engagement with a conical portion of a fastener in order to maintain alignment with and effect a seal between the cover and the fastener.
US07902465B1	Optimizing PCB power and ground connections for lead free solder processes Apparatuses and methods that provide for enhanced connections between PTHs of multi-layer PCBs and electronic component leads, pins or the like, are described herein. The apparatuses and methods improve the likelihood that the PTHs are completely filled with solder thereby advantageously allowing the PCBs to exhibit high mechanical and electrical reliability. Complete filling of PTHs is achieved by configuring the electrically conductive layers within the multi-layer PCB stack in a manner that reduces the heat sinking effects of the layers during the soldering process. In this regard, the PTHs may not directly contact all of the internal ground or power planes, so the heat sinking or heat transfer effects are reduced. This feature enables molten solder to substantially or completely fill an entire PTH before freezing.
US07902458B2	Electrical outlet cover plate The present disclosure describes a plate assembly for an electrical outlet. In some embodiments, the plate assembly includes a strapping plate that is attachable to the electrical outlet, and a cover plate sub-assembly that is selectively attachable to the strapping plate. In some embodiments, the cover plate sub-assembly includes a body portion that lies in a first plane, and a first retention member that is fixed to the body portion, and that lies in a second plane parallel to the first plane. The first retention member selectively engages the strapping plate to releasably secure the cover plate sub-assembly thereto. Embodiments of an electrical outlet assembly that implement the plate assembly are also described.
US07902455B2	Lightning arrester Provided is a lighting arrester capable of preventing damage caused by a lightning by discharging charges charged by approach of a thundercloud. The lightning arrester includes: a conductive rod installed at an upper part of an object to be protected from a lightning and connected to a ground part; a charge pipe having a cylindrical shape, formed of an insulating body to be insulated from the rod, and electrically charged with charges having a polarity opposite to ground charges; and a plurality of charge pins disposed on the charge pipe such that space charges in the air are charged to the pins by a thundercloud.
US07902450B2	Method and system for providing pressure-controlled transitions Pressure-controlled transitions are provided for single-note lines in electronic musical instruments. By addressing the relative pressure for two or more pressure points on a playing surface, the method and system provides the performer with the ability to control transitions, such as retrigger, legato, and portamento, with greater precision and flexibility. In particular, the performer's fingers (or another source of pressure) are able to control the manner in which a note transitions from one pitch to another.
US07902445B2	Housing structure of electronic keyboard musical instrument A housing structure of an electronic keyboard musical instrument, in which a pivotable upper case can be mounted to and dismounted from a lower case when the upper case is in a semi-open state, thereby improving safety and the working efficiency at the time of assembly and maintenance. Pivot coupling parts each include an engagement protrusion comprised of a narrow-width portion and a wide-width portion. An upper case is formed with engagement holes each comprised of a narrow-width counterpart permitting the narrow-width portion to be inserted thereinto and a wide-width counterpart permitting the wide-width portion to be inserted thereinto. By moving the upper case, having a posture thereof corresponding to a mountable/dismountable angle range, in the direction in which the wide-width portions project, the wide-width portions can be inserted into and removed from the wide-width counterparts.
US07902443B2	Oriented polymer reeds for woodwind instruments A synthetic reed for use in reed-blown wind instruments such as the clarinets, saxophones, oboes and bassoons may be made from an oriented thermoplastic material such as uniaxially oriented polypropylene. The reed may have a profile that is thinner near the tip and in the vamp than the profile of a cane reed of equivalent playing strength, and may be machined from an oriented polymer blank has a higher longitudinal modulus than that of said cane reed of equivalent playing strength.
US07902442B2	Hinge for travel string instrument The inventive hinge includes a first hinge butt defining a pair of first and second races for receiving a first Soss sliding hinge pin. A second hinge butt defines a pair of third and fourth races for receiving a second Soss sliding hinge pin. The first hinge butt includes a first screw hole and the second hinge butt includes a second screw hole. A first Soss link assembly is mounted between and in the first and third races. A second Soss link assembly is mounted between and in the second and fourth races, the second Soss link assembly being positioned adjacent and spaced apart from, as well as extending in the same direction as the first Soss link assembly.
US07902441B2	Chromosome 3p21.3 genes are tumor suppressors Tumor suppressor genes play a major role in the pathogenesis of human lung cancer and other cancers. Cytogenetic and allelotyping studies of fresh tumor and tumor-derived cell lines showed that cytogenetic changes and allele loss on the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p) are most frequently involved in about 90% of small cell lung cancers and greater than 50% of non-small cell lung cancers. A group of recessive oncogenes, Fus1, 101F6, Gene 21 (NPRL2), Gene 26 (CACNA2D2), Luca 1 (HYAL1), Luca 2 (HYAL2), PL6, 123F2 (RaSSFI), SEM A3 and Beta* (BLU), as defined by homozygous deletions in lung cancers, have been located and isolated at 3p21.3.
US07902440B1	Maize variety PHR5H A novel maize variety designated PHR5H and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHR5H with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHR5H through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHR5H or a trait conversion of PHR5H with another maize variety. Inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHR5H, methods for producing other inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHR5H and the inbred maize varieties and their parts derived by the use of those methods.
US07902434B1	Maize variety PHJC0 A novel maize variety designated PHJC0 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprise crossing maize variety PHJC0 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into PHJC0 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. Hybrid maize seed, plant or plant part produced by crossing the variety PHJC0 or a trait conversion of PHJC0 with another maize variety. Inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHJC0, methods for producing other inbred maize varieties derived from maize variety PHJC0 and the inbred maize varieties and their parts derived by the use of those methods.
US07902433B1	Maize variety hybrid X7H205 A novel maize variety designated X7H205 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing maize variety X7H205 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X7H205 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X7H205, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X7H205. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X7H205.
US07902430B2	Soybean cultivar 77266152 A soybean cultivar designated 77266152 is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of soybean cultivar 77266152, to the plants of soybean 77266152, to plant parts of soybean cultivar 77266152 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing soybean cultivar 77266152 with itself or with another soybean variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a soybean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic soybean plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to soybean cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from soybean variety 77266152, to methods for producing other soybean cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from soybean cultivar 77266152 and to the soybean plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid soybean seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing the cultivar 77266152 with another soybean cultivar.
US07902429B2	Artichoke hybrid named ‘PS-H1860’ A new and distinct hybrid of artichoke named ‘PS-H1860’, characterized by its numerous bud numbers, fleshiness of bracts, fleshiness of hearts, and uniformity of head shapes ability to bolt in warm summer conditions (reduced vernalization requirements) allowing spring/summer planting and fall production.
US07902427B2	PUFA polyketide synthase systems and uses thereof Disclosed are the complete polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) polyketide synthase (PKS) systems from the bacterial microorganisms Shewanella japonica and Shewanella olleyana, and biologically active fragments and homologues thereof. More particularly, this invention relates to nucleic acids encoding such PUFA PKS systems, to proteins and domains thereof that comprise such PUFA PKS systems, to genetically modified organisms (plants and microorganisms) comprising such PUFA PKS systems, and to methods of making and using the PUFA PKS systems disclosed herein. This invention also relates to genetically modified plants and microorganisms and methods to efficiently produce lipids enriched in various polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as well as other bioactive molecules by manipulation of a PUFA polyketide synthase (PKS) system.
US07902425B2	Plants having changed development and a method for making the same A method to change development of a plant or plant part, when compared to the wild-type plant or plant part, by increasing or decreasing expression in a plant or plant part of a cdc27a nucleic acid sequence and/or increasing or decreasing levels and/or activity in a plant of a CDC27A protein; a plant obtained by this method; a genetic construct for enacting the method; a food including the plant or plant part; an enzyme or pharmaceutical produced by the plant or plant part; and a method of making an enzyme or pharmaceutical by the plant or plant part.
US07902423B2	Expression cassettes for seed-preferential expression that utilize the promoter from a flax tonoplast intrinsic protein gene The present invention relates to expression cassettes comprising transcription regulating nucleotide sequences with seed-preferential or seed-specific expression profiles in plants obtainable from a tonoplast intrinsic protein, said gene being selected from the group consisting of the Arabidopsis thaliana tonoplast intrinsic protein alpha described by the GenBank Arabidopsis thaliana genome loci At1g73190 and its orthologous genes from Brassica napus and Linum usitatissimum.
US07902421B2	Animal model for schizophrenia The invention is an animal model which exhibits neuropathological and behavioral features associated with human schizophrenia. The invention also encompasses an in vivo method of preparing an animal model of human schizophrenia. Such a model is useful for screening and identifying therapeutic agents for treating human schizophrenia.
US07902413B2	Aromatization of alkanes using a germanium-zeolite catalyst This invention relates to a process for the aromatization of C6 to C12 alkanes, such as hexane, heptane and octane, to aromatics, such as benzene, ethyl benzene, toluene and xylenes, with a germanium-containing zeolite catalyst. The catalyst is a non-acidic aluminum-silicon-germanium zeolite on which a noble metal, such as platinum, has been deposited. The zeolite structure may be of MFI, BEA, MOR, LTL or MTT. The zeolite is made non-acidic by being base-exchanged with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, such as cesium, potassium, sodium, rubidium, barium, calcium, magnesium and mixtures thereof, to reduce acidity. The catalyst is sulfur tolerant and may be pretreated with a sulfur compound, i.e., sulfided. The hydrocarbon feed may contain sulfur up to 1000 ppm. The present invention could be applicable to a feedstream which is predominantly paraffinic and/or low in naphthenes. Lowering the hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio increases conversion and aromatics selectivity.
US07902411B2	Catalyst composition for oxychlorination The present invention relates to a catalyst composition for the oxychlorination of ethylene, comprising a mixture of metal salts on a support, where said metal salts are applied to the support in such ratios that the catalyst composition comprises a) from 3 to 12% by weight of copper as copper salt, b) from 0 to 3% by weight of an alkaline earth metal as alkaline earth metal salt, c) from 0 to 3% by weight of an alkaline metal as alkaline metal salt, d) from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, preferably from 0.005 to 0.05% by weight, of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum, and/or from 0.0001 to 0.1% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 0.05% by weight, of gold, as corresponding metal salt or tetrachloroauric acid, where all percentages by weight are based on the total weight of the catalyst including support material. The invention further provides a process for preparing 1,2-dichloroethane by oxychlorination of ethylene in the presence of the above catalyst composition as catalyst.
US07902409B2	Production of difluoroethanol Difluoroethanol is produced by hydrogenation, in the presence of an effective amount of a catalyst containing at least one element of Group VIII of the Periodic Table deposited onto a solid, acidic mineral support, of an acetyl halide having the following formula (I), in which formula X is a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom:
US07902407B2	Method for preparation of salts of hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds A method for preparing a metal salt of a hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound is described. The method comprises contacting in an aqueous medium at least one hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound with a base comprising a metal cation to provide a mixture comprising water and a metal salt of said hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound. The aqueous metal salt is then contacted with a substantially water-immiscible solvent at a temperature greater than the boiling point of water at the prevailing pressure to provide a slurry comprising the metal salt of the hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound and a vapor stream comprising the water-immiscible solvent and water. The components of the vapor stream are separated using a vapor handling system comprising a partial reflux condenser to provide a water-rich component and a water immiscible solvent-rich component.
US07902404B2	Method for producing optically active α-ionone Provided that a method for inexpensively producing optically active α-ionone with a high yield and a high asymmetric yield and with good workability in a short process, and a perfume composition comprising the optically active α-ionone obtained by the aforementioned method. A method for producing optically active α-ionone, comprising allowing α-ionone as a mixture of optical isomers to react with an esterification agent, and hydrolyzing the obtained α-ionone enol ester; a method for producing optically active α-ionone comprising subjecting α-ionone as a mixture of optical isomers to an asymmetric reduction, allowing the obtained optically active α-ionol to react with an esterification agent to give an optically active α-ionol ester, hydrolyzing the obtained optically active α-ionol ester after purification as necessary, and then oxidizing the obtained optically active α-ionol; and a perfume composition comprising thus obtained optically active α-ionone.
US07902399B2	Fatty acids analogous The present invention relates to novel fatty acid analogous of the general formula (I): R1—[xi—CH2]n—COOR2 wherein R1 is: a C6-C24 alkene with one or more double bonds and/or with one or more triple bonds, and/or a C6-C24 alkyne, and/or a C6-C24 alkyl substituted in one or several positions with one or more compounds selected from the group comprising fluoride, chloride, hydroxy, C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 alkylthio, C2-C5 acyloxy or C1-C4 alkyl, and wherein R2 represents hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, and wherein n is an integer from 1 to 12, and wherein i is an odd number and indicates the position relative to COOR2, and wherein Xi independent of each other are selected from the group comprising O, S, SO, SO2, Se and CH2, and with the proviso that at least one of the Xi is not CH2, and with the proviso that if R1 is an alkye, then the carbon-carbon triple bond is positioned between the (ω-1) carbon and the (ω-2) carbon, or between the (ω-2) carbon and the (ω-3) carbon, or between the (ω-3) carbon and the (ω-4) carbon, a salt, prodrug or complex thereof, which can be used for the treatment and/or prevention of syndrome X, obesity, hypertension, fatty liver, diabetes, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia and stenosis. Further, the invention relates to a nutritional composition comprising said fatty acid analogues, and a method for reducing the total weight, or the amount of adipose tissue in an animal.
US07902397B2	Method and apparatus for making acetic acid with improved productivity An improved apparatus and method of producing acetic acid includes recovering product from the residue of a light ends column and feeding the acid so recovered forward in order to increase system productivity. Load on the light ends column is reduced and load on a dehydrating column may also be lessened in a preferred embodiment where the recovered acid is fed forward without further water removal.
US07902391B2	Rubber compositions comprising coupling agents for mineral-filled elastomer compositions A composition of matter is disclosed that comprises at least one silane coupling agent for coupling an elastomer and a filler wherein said silane comprises at least one hydrolysable group that, upon compounding said silane with said elastomer and filler, is released to yield a compound that improves downstream processability of the compounded composition or the properties of the final rubber product or both.
US07902387B2	Preparation of bile acids and intermediates thereof Synthetic methods for preparing deoxycholic acid and intermediates thereof are provided.
US07902384B2	Estrogenic-active compounds and application thereof The present invention relates to compounds having estrogenic activity selected from the group consisting of Loliolide, (4S,6S)-4-Hydroxy-6-nonadecyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one, (4R,6S)-4-Hydroxy-6-nonadecyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-one and analogues thereof. The compounds of the present invention are selective estrogen receptor modulator, which can selectively activate ERβ and simultaneously express high estrogenic activity, and also can be applied as medical or food compositions to improve estrogen deficiency-related symptoms.
US07902378B2	Carvedilol phosphate salts and/or solvates thereof, corresponding compositions, and/or methods of treatment The present invention relates to carvedilol phosphate salts, which include novel crystalline forms of carvedilol dihydrogen phosphate (i.e., dihydrogen phosphate salt of 1-(carbazol-4-yloxy-3-[[2-(o-methoxyphenoxy) ethyl]amino]-2-propanol) and/or carvedilol hydrogen phosphate, etc.), and/or solvates thereof, compositions containing the aforementioned salts and/or solvates, and methods of using the aforementioned salts and/or solvates to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure and angina, etc.
US07902374B2	Stability OLED materials and devices Organic light emitting materials and devices comprising phosphorescent metal complexes comprising ligands comprising aryl or heteroaryl groups substituted at both ortho positions are described. An organic light emitting device, comprising: an anode; a hole transport layer; an organic emissive layer comprising an emissive layer host and an emissive dopant; an electron impeding layer; an electron transport layer; and a cathode disposed, in that order, over a substrate.
US07902373B2	Nicotinamide derivatives The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, wherein the substituents are as defined herein, compositions containing such compounds and the uses of such compounds for the treatment of various diseases and conditions such as asthma.
US07902371B2	(1S,5S)-3-(5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane benzenesulfonate The present invention relates to the salt (1S,5S)-3-(5,6-dichloropyridin-3-yl)-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane benzenesulfonate and to methods of preparing the salt.
US07902367B2	Cyclic amino benzoic acid derivative The present invention relates to cyclic amino benzoic acid derivatives which are effective in therapy of lipid metabolism abnormality, diabetes and the like as a human peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist, in particular, as an agonist against human PPARα isoform, and addition salts thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds.A cyclic amino benzoic acid derivative represented by the general formula (1) [wherein a ring Ar represents an aryl group which may have substituent, or the like; Y represents a C1-C4 alkylene, C2-C4 alkenylene, C2-C4 alkynylene, or the like; Z represents an oxygen atom, sulfur atom or —(CH2)n— (n represents 0, 1 or 2); X represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, lower alkyl group which may be substituted with a halogen atom, or the like; R represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group, and —COOR substitutes for an ortho position or metha position of binding position of ring W] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
US07902362B2	DNA threading intercalators The invention is directed to a compound having the general formula (1): wherein each of La and Lb is an independently selected from a linking moiety comprising 0 to 10 main chain atoms, optionally substituted; each of Za and Zb is an independently selected complexing moiety comprising at least one nitrogen atom; either both or one of Za and/or Zb is coordinatively bonded to a respective transition metal complex Ma Va and Mb Vb through said nitrogen atom, wherein each of Ma and Mb is an independently selected transition metal, and each of Va and Vb is an independently selected valence group.
US07902361B2	Pyrimidin-4-yl-3, 4-thione compounds and their use in therapy The present invention relates to compounds of formula I, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1 and R5 are each independently H, C(ORj′) or a hydrocarbyl group optionally substituted by one or more R6 groups; R2, R3, and R4 are each independently H, alkyl or alkenyl, each of which may be optionally substituted with one or more R7 groups; R6 and R7 are each independently halogen, NO2, CN, (CH2)mORa, O(CH2)nORb, (CH2)pNRcRd, CF3, COORe, CONRfRg, CORh, SO3H, SO2Ri, SO2NRjRk, (CH2)qNRa′CORg′, Rf′, (CH2)rNRb′SO2Rh′, SO2NRd′Ri′, SO2NRe′(CH2)sORc′, heterocycloalkyl or heteroaryl, wherein said heterocycloalkyl and heteroaryl may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from aralkyl, sulfonyl, Rm and CORn; Rg′, Rh′, Ri′ and Rj′ are each independently selected from alkyl, aryl, aralkyl and heteroaryl, each of which may be optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from halogen, OH, NO2, NH2 CF3 and COOH; m, p, q and r are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3; n and s are each independently 1, 2, or 3; and Ra-n and Ra′-f′ are each independently H or alkyl. Further aspects of the invention relate to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and their use in the preparation of a medicament for treating one or more of the following: a proliferative disorder, a viral disorder, a CNS disorder, a stroke, alopecia and diabetes.
US07902360B2	A1 adenosine receptor antagonists wherein R3 is Alk14ArR16, and wherein Alk14 is C1-8 straight or branched alkylene or alkenylene. The present invention provides novel adenosine receptor antagonists, more particularly, A1 adenosine receptor antagonists of formula (I). Pharmaceutical compositions comprising an A1 adenosine receptor antagonist of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier are further provided. Compositions also include diagnostic assay-type probes comprising a novel A1 adenosine receptor antagonist of formula (I) that is labeled or conjugated with radioactive or non-radioactive material. Methods for treating A1 adenosine receptor related disorders comprising administering an A1 adenosine receptor antagonist of formula I are also disclosed. The novel A1 adenosine receptor antagonist compositions of formula (I) find further use in diagnostic and imaging methods.

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